This is a family of Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase C subunits. The Glu-tRNA Gln amidotransferase enzyme itself is an important translational fidelity mechanism replacing incorrectly charged Glu-tRNAGln with the correct Gln-tRANGln via transmidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNAGln [1,2]. This activity supplements the lack of glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase activity in gram-positive eubacterteria, cyanobacteria, Archaea, and organelles [1]. This entry includes the C subunit of the bacterial/archaeal aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA(Asn/Gln) amidotransferases and eukaryotic Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferases (GatC).

1: Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase: a novel heterotrimeric enzyme required for correct decoding of glutamine codons during translation Curnow AW, Hong Kw, Yuan R, Kim Si, Martins O, Winkler W, Henkin TM, Soll D; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:11819-11826. PMID:9342321

2: Structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa transamidosome reveals unique aspects of bacterial tRNA-dependent asparagine biosynthesis. Suzuki T, Nakamura A, Kato K, Soll D, Tanaka I, Sheppard K, Yao M; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112:382-387. PMID:25548166