The eukaryotic GINS complex is essential for the initiation and elongation phases of DNA replication [1-3]. It consists of four paralogous protein subunits (Sld5, Psf1, Psf2 and Psf3), all of which are included in this family. The GINS complex is conserved from yeast to humans, and has been shown in human to bind directly to DNA primase [4].

1: A novel ring-like complex of Xenopus proteins essential for the initiation of DNA replication. Kubota Y, Takase Y, Komori Y, Hashimoto Y, Arata T, Kamimura Y, Araki H, Takisawa H; Genes Dev 2003;17:1141-1152. PMID:12730133

2: GINS, a novel multiprotein complex required for chromosomal DNA replication in budding yeast. Takayama Y, Kamimura Y, Okawa M, Muramatsu S, Sugino A, Araki H; Genes Dev. 2003;17:1153-1165. PMID:12730134

3: Functional proteomic identification of DNA replication proteins by induced proteolysis in vivo. Kanemaki M, Sanchez-Diaz A, Gambus A, Labib K; Nature. 2003;423:720-724. PMID:12768207

4: The human GINS complex binds to and specifically stimulates human DNA polymerase alpha-primase. De Falco M, Ferrari E, De Felice M, Rossi M, Hubscher U, Pisani FM; EMBO Rep. 2007;8:99-103. PMID:17170760