This is the C-terminal catalytic domain of tRNA pseudouridine synthase Pus10, conserved in archaea and eukaryotes [1-5]. In archaea it catalyses the formation of the pseudouridine at positions 54 and 55 in tRNA, while human Pus10 has different functions depending on its subcellular location: it is involved in miRNA processing in the nucleus and acts as a tRNA pseudouridylate synthase in the cytoplasm [6,7].

1: The Cbf5-Nop10 complex is a molecular bracket that organizes box H/ACA RNPs. Hamma T, Reichow SL, Varani G, Ferre-D'Amare AR; Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2005;12:1101-1107. PMID:16286935

2: Crystal structure determination and site-directed mutagenesis of the Pyrococcus abyssi aCBF5-aNOP10 complex reveal crucial roles of the C-terminal domains of both proteins in H/ACA sRNP activity. Manival X, Charron C, Fourmann JB, Godard F, Charpentier B, Branlant C; Nucleic Acids Res. 2006;34:826-839. PMID:16456033

3: Crystal structure of a Cbf5-Nop10-Gar1 complex and implications in RNA-guided pseudouridylation and dyskeratosis congenita. Rashid R, Liang B, Baker DL, Youssef OA, He Y, Phipps K, Terns RM, Terns MP, Li H; Mol Cell. 2006;21:249-260. PMID:16427014

4: Crystal structure of an H/ACA box ribonucleoprotein particle. Li L, Ye K; Nature. 2006;443:302-307. PMID:16943774

5: Substrate RNA positioning in the archaeal H/ACA ribonucleoprotein complex. Liang B, Xue S, Terns RM, Terns MP, Li H; Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007;14:1189-1195. PMID:18059286

6: Mammalian nuclear TRUB1, mitochondrial TRUB2, and cytoplasmic PUS10 produce conserved pseudouridine 55 in different sets of tRNA. Mukhopadhyay S, Deogharia M, Gupta R; RNA. 2021;27:66-79. PMID:33023933

7: Differential roles of human PUS10 in miRNA processing and tRNA pseudouridylation. Song J, Zhuang Y, Zhu C, Meng H, Lu B, Xie B, Peng J, Li M, Yi C; Nat Chem Biol. 2020;16:160-169. PMID:31819270