Summary for Huntingtin (NES ID: 204)

Full Name
Huntingtin     UniProt    
Alternative Names
Huntington disease protein
HD protein   
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)    
Experimental Evidence for CRM1-mediated Export
LMB Sensitive Ref.1Huntingtin contains a highly conserved nuclear export signal., Xia et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2003 Ref.3The huntingtin N17 domain is a multifunctional CRM1 and Ran-dependent nuclear and cilial export signal, Maiuri et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2013
Mutations That Affect Nuclear Export
*highlighted yellow in the full sequence
L4A, L4A/F11A/S16L, S13D/S16D, M8P, L2404A Ref.1Huntingtin contains a highly conserved nuclear export signal., Xia et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2003 Ref.3The huntingtin N17 domain is a multifunctional CRM1 and Ran-dependent nuclear and cilial export signal, Maiuri et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2013
Mutations That Affect CRM1 Binding
Unknown
Functional Export Signals
*shown as underlined residues in the full sequence
1MATLEKLMKAFESLKSF17, 2364MVAEMVESLQSVLALGHKRNSGVPAFLTPLLRNIIISLARLPLVNSYTRVP2414 Ref.1Huntingtin contains a highly conserved nuclear export signal., Xia et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2003 Ref.3The huntingtin N17 domain is a multifunctional CRM1 and Ran-dependent nuclear and cilial export signal, Maiuri et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2013
Secondary Structure of Export Signal
α-helix (Amino acids 1-18, based on circular dichrosim) Ref.2Huntingtin has a membrane association signal that can modulate huntingtin aggregation, nuclear entry and toxicity, Atwal et al., Hum Mol Genet, 2007
Other Residues Important for Export
Unknown
Sequence
Show FASTA Format Show Domain Info by CDD Show Secondary Structure by PSIPRED Show Conservation Score by AL2CO 
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MATLEKLMKA FESLKSFQQQ QQQQQQQQQQ QQQQQQQQQQ PPPPPPPPPP PQLPQPPPQA 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
QPLLPQPQPP PPPPPPPPGP AVAEEPLHRP KKELSATKKD RVNHCLTICE NIVAQSVRNS 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
PEFQKLLGIA MELFLLCSDD AESDVRMVAD ECLNKVIKAL MDSNLPRLQL ELYKEIKKNG 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
APRSLRAALW RFAELAHLVR PQKCRPYLVN LLPCLTRTSK RPEESVQETL AAAVPKIMAS 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
FGNFANDNEI KVLLKAFIAN LKSSSPTIRR TAAGSAVSIC QHSRRTQYFY SWLLNVLLGL 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
LVPVEDEHST LLILGVLLTL RYLVPLLQQQ VKDTSLKGSF GVTRKEMEVS PSAEQLVQVY 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
ELTLHHTQHQ DHNVVTGALE LLQQLFRTPP PELLQTLTAV GGIGQLTAAK EESGGRSRSG 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
SIVELIAGGG SSCSPVLSRK QKGKVLLGEE EALEDDSESR SDVSSSALTA SVKDEISGEL 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
AASSGVSTPG SAGHDIITEQ PRSQHTLQAD SVDLASCDLT SSATDGDEED ILSHSSSQVS 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
AVPSDPAMDL NDGTQASSPI SDSSQTTTEG PDSAVTPSDS SEIVLDGTDN QYLGLQIGQP 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
QDEDEEATGI LPDEASEAFR NSSMALQQAH LLKNMSHCRQ PSDSSVDKFV LRDEATEPGD 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
QENKPCRIKG DIGQSTDDDS APLVHCVRLL SASFLLTGGK NVLVPDRDVR VSVKALALSC 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
VGAAVALHPE SFFSKLYKVP LDTTEYPEEQ YVSDILNYID HGDPQVRGAT AILCGTLICS 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
ILSRSRFHVG DWMGTIRTLT GNTFSLADCI PLLRKTLKDE SSVTCKLACT AVRNCVMSLC 

       850        860        870        880        890        900 
SSSYSELGLQ LIIDVLTLRN SSYWLVRTEL LETLAEIDFR LVSFLEAKAE NLHRGAHHYT 

       910        920        930        940        950        960 
GLLKLQERVL NNVVIHLLGD EDPRVRHVAA ASLIRLVPKL FYKCDQGQAD PVVAVARDQS 

       970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
SVYLKLLMHE TQPPSHFSVS TITRIYRGYN LLPSITDVTM ENNLSRVIAA VSHELITSTT 

      1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
RALTFGCCEA LCLLSTAFPV CIWSLGWHCG VPPLSASDES RKSCTVGMAT MILTLLSSAW 

      1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
FPLDLSAHQD ALILAGNLLA ASAPKSLRSS WASEEEANPA ATKQEEVWPA LGDRALVPMV 

      1150       1160       1170       1180       1190       1200 
EQLFSHLLKV INICAHVLDD VAPGPAIKAA LPSLTNPPSL SPIRRKGKEK EPGEQASVPL 

      1210       1220       1230       1240       1250       1260 
SPKKGSEASA ASRQSDTSGP VTTSKSSSLG SFYHLPSYLK LHDVLKATHA NYKVTLDLQN 

      1270       1280       1290       1300       1310       1320 
STEKFGGFLR SALDVLSQIL ELATLQDIGK CVEEILGYLK SCFSREPMMA TVCVQQLLKT 

      1330       1340       1350       1360       1370       1380 
LFGTNLASQF DGLSSNPSKS QGRAQRLGSS SVRPGLYHYC FMAPYTHFTQ ALADASLRNM 

      1390       1400       1410       1420       1430       1440 
VQAEQENDTS GWFDVLQKVS TQLKTNLTSV TKNRADKNAI HNHIRLFEPL VIKALKQYTT 

      1450       1460       1470       1480       1490       1500 
TTCVQLQKQV LDLLAQLVQL RVNYCLLDSD QVFIGFVLKQ FEYIEVGQFR ESEAIIPNIF 

      1510       1520       1530       1540       1550       1560 
FFLVLLSYER YHSKQIIGIP KIIQLCDGIM ASGRKAVTHA IPALQPIVHD LFVLRGTNKA 

      1570       1580       1590       1600       1610       1620 
DAGKELETQK EVVVSMLLRL IQYHQVLEMF ILVLQQCHKE NEDKWKRLSR QIADIILPML 

      1630       1640       1650       1660       1670       1680 
AKQQMHIDSH EALGVLNTLF EILAPSSLRP VDMLLRSMFV TPNTMASVST VQLWISGILA 

      1690       1700       1710       1720       1730       1740 
ILRVLISQST EDIVLSRIQE LSFSPYLISC TVINRLRDGD STSTLEEHSE GKQIKNLPEE 

      1750       1760       1770       1780       1790       1800 
TFSRFLLQLV GILLEDIVTK QLKVEMSEQQ HTFYCQELGT LLMCLIHIFK SGMFRRITAA 

      1810       1820       1830       1840       1850       1860 
ATRLFRSDGC GGSFYTLDSL NLRARSMITT HPALVLLWCQ ILLLVNHTDY RWWAEVQQTP 

      1870       1880       1890       1900       1910       1920 
KRHSLSSTKL LSPQMSGEEE DSDLAAKLGM CNREIVRRGA LILFCDYVCQ NLHDSEHLTW 

      1930       1940       1950       1960       1970       1980 
LIVNHIQDLI SLSHEPPVQD FISAVHRNSA ASGLFIQAIQ SRCENLSTPT MLKKTLQCLE 

      1990       2000       2010       2020       2030       2040 
GIHLSQSGAV LTLYVDRLLC TPFRVLARMV DILACRRVEM LLAANLQSSM AQLPMEELNR 

      2050       2060       2070       2080       2090       2100 
IQEYLQSSGL AQRHQRLYSL LDRFRLSTMQ DSLSPSPPVS SHPLDGDGHV SLETVSPDKD 

      2110       2120       2130       2140       2150       2160 
WYVHLVKSQC WTRSDSALLE GAELVNRIPA EDMNAFMMNS EFNLSLLAPC LSLGMSEISG 

      2170       2180       2190       2200       2210       2220 
GQKSALFEAA REVTLARVSG TVQQLPAVHH VFQPELPAEP AAYWSKLNDL FGDAALYQSL 

      2230       2240       2250       2260       2270       2280 
PTLARALAQY LVVVSKLPSH LHLPPEKEKD IVKFVVATLE ALSWHLIHEQ IPLSLDLQAG 

      2290       2300       2310       2320       2330       2340 
LDCCCLALQL PGLWSVVSST EFVTHACSLI YCVHFILEAV AVQPGEQLLS PERRTNTPKA 

      2350       2360       2370       2380       2390       2400 
ISEEEEEVDP NTQNPKYITA ACEMVAEMVE SLQSVLALGH KRNSGVPAFL TPLLRNIIIS 

      2410       2420       2430       2440       2450       2460 
LARLPLVNSY TRVPPLVWKL GWSPKPGGDF GTAFPEIPVE FLQEKEVFKE FIYRINTLGW 

      2470       2480       2490       2500       2510       2520 
TSRTQFEETW ATLLGVLVTQ PLVMEQEESP PEEDTERTQI NVLAVQAITS LVLSAMTVPV 

      2530       2540       2550       2560       2570       2580 
AGNPAVSCLE QQPRNKPLKA LDTRFGRKLS IIRGIVEQEI QAMVSKRENI ATHHLYQAWD 

      2590       2600       2610       2620       2630       2640 
PVPSLSPATT GALISHEKLL LQINPERELG SMSYKLGQVS IHSVWLGNSI TPLREEEWDE 

      2650       2660       2670       2680       2690       2700 
EEEEEADAPA PSSPPTSPVN SRKHRAGVDI HSCSQFLLEL YSRWILPSSS ARRTPAILIS 

      2710       2720       2730       2740       2750       2760 
EVVRSLLVVS DLFTERNQFE LMYVTLTELR RVHPSEDEIL AQYLVPATCK AAAVLGMDKA 

      2770       2780       2790       2800       2810       2820 
VAEPVSRLLE STLRSSHLPS RVGALHGVLY VLECDLLDDT AKQLIPVISD YLLSNLKGIA 

      2830       2840       2850       2860       2870       2880 
HCVNIHSQQH VLVMCATAFY LIENYPLDVG PEFSASIIQM CGVMLSGSEE STPSIIYHCA 

      2890       2900       2910       2920       2930       2940 
LRGLERLLLS EQLSRLDAES LVKLSVDRVN VHSPHRAMAA LGLMLTCMYT GKEKVSPGRT 

      2950       2960       2970       2980       2990       3000 
SDPNPAAPDS ESVIVAMERV SVLFDRIRKG FPCEARVVAR ILPQFLDDFF PPQDIMNKVI 

      3010       3020       3030       3040       3050       3060 
GEFLSNQQPY PQFMATVVYK VFQTLHSTGQ SSMVRDWVML SLSNFTQRAP VAMATWSLSC 

      3070       3080       3090       3100       3110       3120 
FFVSASTSPW VAAILPHVIS RMGKLEQVDV NLFCLVATDF YRHQIEEELD RRAFQSVLEV 

      3130       3140                                             
VAAPGSPYHR LLTCLRNVHK VTTC
3D Structures in PDB
Not Available
Comments
Wild-type huntingtin is primarily located in the cytoplasm, but has also been detected in the nucleus. Nuclear accumulation of mutant form has been seen in HD neurons. Xia et al. showed that huntingtin contains a classical NES at its C-terminal, common to both wild-type and mutant forms. Three recent papers (Cornett et al 2005; Atwal et al 2007; Maiuri et al 2013) showed that the N-terminal portion of Huntingtin shuttles and contains an NES within the first 17 residues. Atwal et al 2007 showed that residues 1-17 are sufficient to target YFP out of the nucleus. Maiuri et al. 2013 showed that residues 1-17 immunoprecipitated CRM1. These residues are also important fro ER targeting.
References
[1]. "Huntingtin contains a highly conserved nuclear export signal."
Xia J, Lee DH, Taylor J, Vandelft M, Truant R (2003) Hum Mol Genet, 12:1393-403 PubMed
[2]. "Huntingtin has a membrane association signal that can modulate huntingtin aggregation, nuclear entry and toxicity"
Atwal RS, Xia J, Pinchev D, Taylor J, Epand RM, Truant R. (2007) Hum Mol Genet, 16:2600-15 PubMed
[3]. "The huntingtin N17 domain is a multifunctional CRM1 and Ran-dependent nuclear and cilial export signal"
Maiuri T, Woloshansky T, Xia J, Truant R. (2013) Hum Mol Genet, : PubMed
User Input
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