Summary for NirA (NES ID: 301)

Full Name
Nitrogen assimilation transcription factor nirA     UniProt    
Alternative Names
None
Organism
Aspergillus nidulans    
Experimental Evidence for CRM1-mediated Export
LMB Sensitive,  Binds CRM1 Ref.1Reversible Oxidation of a Conserved Methionine in the Nuclear Export Sequence Determines Subcellular Distribution and Activity of the Fungal Nitrate Regulator NirA, Gallmetzer et al., PLoS Genet, 2015 Ref.2Nuclear Export of the Transcription Factor NirA Is a Regulatory Checkpoint for Nitrate Induction in Aspergillus Nidulans, Bernreiter et al., Mol Cell Biol, 2007
Mutations That Affect Nuclear Export
*highlighted yellow in the full sequence
L172A, L172A/L174A, M169A Ref.1Reversible Oxidation of a Conserved Methionine in the Nuclear Export Sequence Determines Subcellular Distribution and Activity of the Fungal Nitrate Regulator NirA, Gallmetzer et al., PLoS Genet, 2015 Ref.2Nuclear Export of the Transcription Factor NirA Is a Regulatory Checkpoint for Nitrate Induction in Aspergillus Nidulans, Bernreiter et al., Mol Cell Biol, 2007
Mutations That Affect CRM1 Binding
*shown as red residues in the full sequence
L172A, L172A/L174A, M169A, G167A Ref.1Reversible Oxidation of a Conserved Methionine in the Nuclear Export Sequence Determines Subcellular Distribution and Activity of the Fungal Nitrate Regulator NirA, Gallmetzer et al., PLoS Genet, 2015 Ref.2Nuclear Export of the Transcription Factor NirA Is a Regulatory Checkpoint for Nitrate Induction in Aspergillus Nidulans, Bernreiter et al., Mol Cell Biol, 2007
Functional Export Signals
*shown as underlined residues in the full sequence
159DQFESELAGKMSNLVLDG176 Ref.1Reversible Oxidation of a Conserved Methionine in the Nuclear Export Sequence Determines Subcellular Distribution and Activity of the Fungal Nitrate Regulator NirA, Gallmetzer et al., PLoS Genet, 2015
Secondary Structure of Export Signal
Unknown
Other Residues Important for Export
Unknown
Sequence
Show FASTA Format Show Domain Info by CDD Show Secondary Structure by PSIPRED Show Conservation Score by AL2CO 
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MGEKLDPELS SDGPHTKSSS KGQGTSTDNA PASKRRCVST ACIACRRRKS KCDGNLPSCA 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
ACSSVYHTTC VYDPNSDHRR KGVYKKDTDT LRTKNSTLLT LIQALLNYEE EDAFDLVRQI 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
RSCDNLEDVA QSLVNQEKKS SGWLSNAVIH EENDIAQTDQ FESELAGKMS NLVLDGSRKF 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
IGGTSNLIFL PPGSELNEFK PGLATNGDLE GSVTRWTTVT DDQQLISHLL TMYFSWHYPF 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
FTTLSKELFY RDYSRGVPSQ YCSSLLVNTM LALGCHFSSW PGAREDPDNS ATAGDHFFKE 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
AKRLILDNDE LVNSKLCTVQ ALALMSVREA GCGREGKGWV YSGMSFRMAF DLGLNLESSS 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
LRDLSEEEID ARRITFWGCF LFDKCWSNYL GRQPQFTTAN TSVSAVDILP NEESTLWSPY 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
SDMGPSREYA QPSRTRAVAD QISQLCKISG DLVVFFYDLA PKEKPSSKQL ELKKLSEIHT 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
RLEAWKKGLP KELEPREGQL PQALLMHMFY QLLLIHLYRP FLKYTKSTSP LPQHVSPRKL 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
CTQAAAAISK LLRLYKRTYG FKQICNIAVY IAHTALTIHL LNLPEKNAQR DVIHGLRHLE 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
EMGESWLCAR RTLRILDISA SKWQVQLPRE AVIVFEQTHA RWGSWGPWDQ AASPSTTSDS 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
PPSVSSQSVV ATTDLSQPVS QSAGNQPANP SMGTSPNLTQ PVASQYSSTP SGPVSVSAMR 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
AVQRSFSAQL AHNEARQPEP TYLRPVSTSY GPVPSTQSAQ EQWYSPTEAQ FRAFTAAHSM 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
PTTSAQSPLT TFDTPENLVE ESQDWWSRDV NALQLGAEDW TQNWNNGLPT TSADWRYVDN 

       850        860        870        880        890            
VPNIPSTSAP DADYKPPQPP PNMARPNQYP TDPVANVNSN QTNMIFPGSF QR
3D Structures in PDB
Not Available
Comments
NirA is a fungal nitrogen assimilation transcription factor. NirA is located in the cytoplasm in the absence of nitrate and accumulates in the nucleus upon nitrate induction. NirA was found to interact with CRM1 fungal homologue, KapK, using yeast-2-hybrid and in vitro GST pulldown assay (unclear if RanGTP was present). Introducing cysteine for LMB conjugation to KapK rendered NirA localization LMB-sensitive, and the protein accumulated in the nucleus without nitrate induction when treated with LMB. Putative NES matching traditional consensus can be found in 165-174. Gain-of-function mutant G167V impairs CRM1 binding in a lesser extent than L172 and L174 mutations. In a follow up study, Gallmetzer et al. found that in the absence of nitrate, Met169 in the NES is oxidized, which is required for export activity but seems counterintuitive as this reduces the hydrophobicity of Met. Oxidation of M169 appears to decrease peptide binding to KapK, but in the context of full length protein under non-induced condition, the NES appears to be more exposed when M169 is oxidized and therefore active (inferred from disulfide-reduction experiments).
References
[1]. "Reversible Oxidation of a Conserved Methionine in the Nuclear Export Sequence Determines Subcellular Distribution and Activity of the Fungal Nitrate Regulator NirA"
Gallmetzer A, Silvestrini L, Schinko T, Gesslbauer B, Hortschansky P, Dattenböck C, Muro-Pastor MI, Kungl A, Brakhage AA, Scazzocchio C, Strauss J. (2015) PLoS Genet, 11(7):e1005297 PubMed
[2]. "Nuclear Export of the Transcription Factor NirA Is a Regulatory Checkpoint for Nitrate Induction in Aspergillus Nidulans"
Bernreiter A, Ramon A, Fernández-Martínez J, Berger H, Araújo-Bazan L, Espeso EA, Pachlinger R, Gallmetzer A, Anderl I, Scazzocchio C, Strauss J. (2007) Mol Cell Biol, 27(3):791-802 PubMed
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