RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy12538
(93 letters)
>gnl|CDD|133199 cd05068, PTKc_Frk_like, Catalytic domain of Fyn-related
kinase-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Human Fyn-related kinase (Frk) and
similar proteins; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Frk and
Srk are members of the Src subfamily of proteins, which
are cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr kinases. Src
kinases contain an N-terminal SH4 domain with a
myristoylation site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a
tyr kinase domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region
containing a conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. Frk, also known as Rak, is
specifically expressed in liver, lung, kidney,
intestine, mammary glands, and the islets of
Langerhans. Rodent homologs were previously referred to
as GTK (gastrointestinal tyr kinase), BSK (beta-cell
Src-like kinase), or IYK (intestinal tyr kinase).
Studies in mice reveal that Frk is not essential for
viability. It plays a role in the signaling that leads
to cytokine-induced beta-cell death in Type I diabetes.
It also regulates beta-cell number during embryogenesis
and early in life.
Length = 261
Score = 98.3 bits (245), Expect = 7e-27
Identities = 34/44 (77%), Positives = 41/44 (93%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
WEIDR S++ +RKLG+GQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVA+KTLK G++D
Sbjct: 1 WEIDRTSIQLLRKLGAGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAVKTLKPGTMD 44
>gnl|CDD|173626 cd05034, PTKc_Src_like, Catalytic domain of Src kinase-like
Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Src kinase subfamily; catalytic (c)
domain. Src subfamily members include Src, Lck, Hck,
Blk, Lyn, Fgr, Fyn, Yrk, and Yes. The PTKc family is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Src (or
c-Src) proteins are cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr
kinases which are anchored to the plasma membrane. They
contain an N-terminal SH4 domain with a myristoylation
site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a tyr kinase
domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region containing a
conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. They were identified as the first
proto-oncogene products, and they regulate cell
adhesion, invasion, and motility in cancer cells and
tumor vasculature, contributing to cancer progression
and metastasis. Src kinases are overexpressed in a
variety of human cancers, making them attractive
targets for therapy. They are also implicated in acute
inflammatory responses and osteoclast function. Src,
Fyn, Yes, and Yrk are widely expressed, while Blk, Lck,
Hck, Fgr, and Lyn show a limited expression pattern.
Length = 261
Score = 89.3 bits (222), Expect = 2e-23
Identities = 30/44 (68%), Positives = 34/44 (77%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
WEI R SLK RKLG+GQFGEVW G WN TT VA+KTLK G++
Sbjct: 1 WEIPRESLKLERKLGAGQFGEVWMGTWNGTTKVAVKTLKPGTMS 44
>gnl|CDD|173640 cd05067, PTKc_Lck_Blk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Lymphocyte-specific kinase and Blk. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Lck and Blk kinases;
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Lck
(lymphocyte-specific kinase) and Blk are members of the
Src subfamily of proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or
non-receptor) tyr kinases. Src kinases contain an
N-terminal SH4 domain with a myristoylation site,
followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a tyr kinase domain,
and a regulatory C-terminal region containing a
conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. Lck is expressed in T-cells and
natural killer (NK) cells. It plays a critical role in
T-cell maturation, activation, and T-cell receptor
(TCR) signaling. Lck phosphorylates ITAM
(immunoreceptor tyr activation motif) sequences on
several subunits of TCRs, leading to the activation of
different second messenger cascades. Phosphorylated
ITAMs serve as binding sites for other signaling factor
such as Syk and ZAP-70, leading to their activation and
propagation of downstream events. In addition, Lck
regulates drug-induced apoptosis by interfering with
the mitochondrial death pathway. The apototic role of
Lck is independent of its primary function in T-cell
signaling. Blk is expressed specifically in B-cells. It
is involved in pre-BCR (B-cell receptor) signaling.
Length = 260
Score = 76.0 bits (187), Expect = 2e-18
Identities = 27/44 (61%), Positives = 34/44 (77%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
WE+ R +LK V+KLG+GQFGEVW G +N T VAIK+LK GS+
Sbjct: 1 WEVPRETLKLVKKLGAGQFGEVWMGYYNGHTKVAIKSLKQGSMS 44
>gnl|CDD|173641 cd05072, PTKc_Lyn, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Lyn. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Lyn
kinase; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Lyn is a
member of the Src subfamily of proteins, which are
cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr kinases. Src kinases
contain an N-terminal SH4 domain with a myristoylation
site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a tyr kinase
domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region containing a
conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. Lyn is expressed in B lymphocytes
and myeloid cells. It exhibits both positive and
negative regulatory roles in B cell receptor (BCR)
signaling. Lyn, as well as Fyn and Blk, promotes B cell
activation by phosphorylating ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyr
activation motifs) in CD19 and in Ig components of BCR.
It negatively regulates signaling by its unique ability
to phosphorylate ITIMs (immunoreceptor tyr inhibition
motifs) in cell surface receptors like CD22 and CD5.
Lyn also plays an important role in G-CSF receptor
signaling by phosphorylating a variety of adaptor
molecules.
Length = 261
Score = 70.1 bits (171), Expect = 5e-16
Identities = 28/43 (65%), Positives = 36/43 (83%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
WEI R S+K V+KLG+GQFGEVW G +NN+T VA+KTLK G++
Sbjct: 1 WEIPRESIKLVKKLGAGQFGEVWMGYYNNSTKVAVKTLKPGTM 43
>gnl|CDD|133201 cd05070, PTKc_Fyn_Yrk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Fyn and Yrk. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Fyn and Yrk kinases; catalytic (c) domain. The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Fyn and
Yrk are members of the Src subfamily of proteins, which
are cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr kinases. Src
kinases contain an N-terminal SH4 domain with a
myristoylation site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a
tyr kinase domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region
containing a conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. Fyn, together with Lck, plays a
critical role in T-cell signal transduction by
phosphorylating ITAM (immunoreceptor tyr activation
motif) sequences on T-cell receptors, ultimately
leading to the proliferation and differentiation of
T-cells. In addition, Fyn is involved in the
myelination of neurons, and is implicated in
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Yrk has been
detected only in chickens. It is primarily found in
neuronal and epithelial cells and in macrophages. It
may play a role in inflammation and in response to
injury.
Length = 260
Score = 67.7 bits (165), Expect = 4e-15
Identities = 27/43 (62%), Positives = 34/43 (79%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
WEI R SL+ ++KLG+GQFGEVW G WN T VA+KTLK G++
Sbjct: 1 WEIPRESLQLIKKLGNGQFGEVWMGTWNGNTKVAVKTLKPGTM 43
>gnl|CDD|133248 cd05148, PTKc_Srm_Brk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Srm and Brk. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Src-related kinase lacking C-terminal
regulatory tyrosine and N-terminal myristylation sites
(Srm) and breast tumor kinase (Brk, also called protein
tyrosine kinase 6); catalytic (c) domains. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Srm and
Brk are a member of the Src subfamily of proteins,
which are cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr kinases.
Src kinases in general contain an N-terminal SH4 domain
with a myristoylation site, followed by SH3 and SH2
domains, a tyr kinase domain, and a regulatory
C-terminal region containing a conserved tyr; they are
activated by autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase
domain, but are negatively regulated by phosphorylation
at the C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase).
Srm and Brk however, lack the N-terminal myristylation
sites. Src proteins are involved in signaling pathways
that regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. Brk has been found to be
overexpressed in a majority of breast tumors.
Length = 261
Score = 62.8 bits (153), Expect = 2e-13
Identities = 25/39 (64%), Positives = 25/39 (64%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
WE R RKLGSG FGEVWEGLW N VAIK LK
Sbjct: 1 WERPREEFTLERKLGSGYFGEVWEGLWKNRVRVAIKILK 39
>gnl|CDD|133202 cd05071, PTKc_Src, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Src. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Src
kinase; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Src (or
c-Src) is a cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr kinase,
containing an N-terminal SH4 domain with a
myristoylation site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a
tyr kinase domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region
with a conserved tyr. It is activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, and is
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). c-Src is
the vertebrate homolog of the oncogenic protein (v-Src)
from Rous sarcoma virus. Together with other Src
subfamily proteins, it is involved in signaling
pathways that regulate cytokine and growth factor
responses, cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation,
survival, and differentiation. Src also play a role in
regulating cell adhesion, invasion, and motility in
cancer cells and tumor vasculature, contributing to
cancer progression and metastasis. Elevated levels of
Src kinase activity have been reported in a variety of
human cancers. Several inhibitors of Src have been
developed as anti-cancer drugs. Src is also implicated
in acute inflammatory responses and osteoclast
function.
Length = 262
Score = 60.8 bits (147), Expect = 1e-12
Identities = 28/43 (65%), Positives = 31/43 (72%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
WEI R SL+ KLG G FGEVW G WN TT VAIKTLK G++
Sbjct: 1 WEIPRESLRLEVKLGQGCFGEVWMGTWNGTTRVAIKTLKPGTM 43
>gnl|CDD|133200 cd05069, PTKc_Yes, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Yes. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Yes
kinase; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Yes (or
c-Yes) is a member of the Src subfamily of proteins,
which are cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) tyr kinases.
Src kinases contain an N-terminal SH4 domain with a
myristoylation site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a
tyr kinase domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region
containing a conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. c-Yes kinase is the cellular
homolog of the oncogenic protein (v-Yes) encoded by the
Yamaguchi 73 and Esh sarcoma viruses. It displays
functional overlap with other Src subfamily members,
particularly Src. It also shows some unique functions
such as binding to occludins, transmembrane proteins
that regulate extracellular interactions in tight
junctions. Yes also associates with a number of
proteins in different cell types that Src does not
interact with, like JAK2 and gp130 in pre-adipocytes,
and Pyk2 in treated pulmonary vein endothelial cells.
Although the biological function of Yes remains
unclear, it appears to have a role in regulating
cell-cell interactions and vesicle trafficking in
polarized cells.
Length = 260
Score = 60.5 bits (146), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 28/43 (65%), Positives = 31/43 (72%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
WEI R SL+ KLG G FGEVW G WN TT VAIKTLK G++
Sbjct: 1 WEIPRESLRLDVKLGQGCFGEVWMGTWNGTTKVAIKTLKPGTM 43
>gnl|CDD|133204 cd05073, PTKc_Hck, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Hematopoietic cell kinase. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Hck is a member of the
Src subfamily of proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or
non-receptor) tyr kinases. Src kinases contain an
N-terminal SH4 domain with a myristoylation site,
followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a tyr kinase domain,
and a regulatory C-terminal region containing a
conserved tyr. They are activated by
autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are
negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the
C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). Src
proteins are involved in signaling pathways that
regulate cytokine and growth factor responses,
cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival,
and differentiation. Hck is present in myeloid and
lymphoid cells that play a role in the development of
cancer. It may be important in the oncogenic signaling
of the protein Tel-Abl, which induces a chronic
myelogenous leukemia (CML)-like disease. Hck also acts
as a negative regulator of granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced proliferation
of granulocytic precursors, suggesting a possible role
in the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In
addition, Hck is essential in regulating the
degranulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).
Genetic polymorphisms affect the expression level of
Hck, which affects PMN mediator release and influences
the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD).
Length = 260
Score = 60.4 bits (146), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 26/43 (60%), Positives = 32/43 (74%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
WEI R SLK +KLG+GQFGEVW +N T VA+KT+K GS+
Sbjct: 1 WEIPRESLKLEKKLGAGQFGEVWMATYNKHTKVAVKTMKPGSM 43
>gnl|CDD|219530 pfam07714, Pkinase_Tyr, Protein tyrosine kinase.
Length = 258
Score = 57.9 bits (141), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 18/40 (45%), Positives = 24/40 (60%), Gaps = 5/40 (12%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTLKMGS 89
L+ +KLG G FGEV++G T VA+KTLK G+
Sbjct: 1 LELGKKLGEGAFGEVYKGTLKGDGEGTETKVAVKTLKEGA 40
>gnl|CDD|214568 smart00221, STYKc, Protein kinase; unclassified specificity.
Phosphotransferases. The specificity of this class of
kinases can not be predicted. Possible dual-specificity
Ser/Thr/Tyr kinase.
Length = 258
Score = 52.6 bits (127), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 16/42 (38%), Positives = 22/42 (52%), Gaps = 5/42 (11%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
L +KLG G FGEV++G VA+KTLK + +
Sbjct: 1 LTLGKKLGEGAFGEVYKGTLKGKGDGKEVEVAVKTLKEDASE 42
>gnl|CDD|197581 smart00219, TyrKc, Tyrosine kinase, catalytic domain.
Phosphotransferases. Tyrosine-specific kinase
subfamily.
Length = 257
Score = 51.8 bits (125), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 16/42 (38%), Positives = 22/42 (52%), Gaps = 5/42 (11%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-----TPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
L +KLG G FGEV++G VA+KTLK + +
Sbjct: 1 LTLGKKLGEGAFGEVYKGKLKGKGGKKKVEVAVKTLKEDASE 42
>gnl|CDD|133243 cd05112, PTKc_Itk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Interleukin-2-inducible T-cell Kinase. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Interleukin-2
(IL-2)-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk); catalytic (c)
domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily
that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases
such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases,
and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Itk
(also known as Tsk or Emt) is a member of the Tec
subfamily of proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinases with similarity to Src kinases
in that they contain Src homology protein interaction
domains (SH3, SH2) N-terminal to the catalytic tyr
kinase domain. Unlike Src kinases, most Tec subfamily
members (except Rlk) also contain an N-terminal
pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, which binds the
products of PI3K and allows membrane recruitment and
activation. In addition, Itk contains the Tec homology
(TH) domain containing one proline-rich region and a
zinc-binding region. Tec kinases are expressed mainly
by haematopoietic cells. Itk is expressed in T-cells
and mast cells, and is important in their development
and differentiation. Of the three Tec kinases expressed
in T-cells, Itk plays the predominant role in T-cell
receptor (TCR) signaling. It is activated by
phosphorylation upon TCR crosslinking and is involved
in the pathway resulting in phospholipase C-gamma1
activation and actin polymerization. It also plays a
role in the downstream signaling of the T-cell
costimulatory receptor CD28, the T-cell surface
receptor CD2, and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. In
addition, Itk is crucial for the development of
T-helper(Th)2 effector responses.
Length = 256
Score = 49.6 bits (118), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 19/41 (46%), Positives = 27/41 (65%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
I + L V+++GSGQFG VW G W VAIKT++ G++
Sbjct: 1 IHPSELTLVQEIGSGQFGLVWLGYWLEKRKVAIKTIREGAM 41
>gnl|CDD|173633 cd05052, PTKc_Abl, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Abelson kinase. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Abelson (Abl) kinase; catalytic (c) domain. The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Abl (or
c-Abl) is a ubiquitously-expressed cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinase that contains SH3, SH2, and tyr
kinase domains in its N-terminal region, as well as
nuclear localization motifs, a putative DNA-binding
domain, and F- and G-actin binding domains in its
C-terminal tail. It also contains a short
autoinhibitory cap region in its N-terminus. Abl is
normally inactive and requires phosphorylation and
myristoylation for activation. Abl function depends on
its subcellular localization. In the cytoplasm, Abl
plays a role in cell proliferation and survival. In
response to DNA damage or oxidative stress, Abl is
transported to the nucleus where it induces apoptosis.
In chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients, an
aberrant translocation results in the replacement of
the first exon of Abl with the BCR (breakpoint cluster
region) gene. The resulting BCR-Abl fusion protein is
constitutively active and associates into tetramers,
resulting in a hyperactive kinase sending a continuous
signal. This leads to uncontrolled proliferation,
morphological transformation and anti-apoptotic
effects. BCR-Abl is the target of selective inhibitors,
such as imatinib (Gleevec), used in the treatment of
CML. Abl2, also known as ARG (Abelson-related gene), is
thought to play a cooperative role with Abl in the
proper development of the nervous system. The Tel-ARG
fusion protein, resulting from reciprocal translocation
between chromosomes 1 and 12, is associated with acute
myeloid leukemia (AML). The TEL gene is a frequent
fusion partner of other tyr kinase oncogenes, including
Tel/Abl, Tel/PDGFRbeta, and Tel/Jak2, found in patients
with leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders.
Length = 263
Score = 49.5 bits (118), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 21/42 (50%), Positives = 29/42 (69%), Gaps = 5/42 (11%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW---NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
WE++R + KLG GQ+GEV+EG+W + T VA+KTLK
Sbjct: 1 WEMERTDITMKHKLGGGQYGEVYEGVWKKYSLT--VAVKTLK 40
>gnl|CDD|173624 cd00192, PTKc, Catalytic domain of Protein Tyrosine Kinases.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family, catalytic domain.
This PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. They can
be classified into receptor and non-receptor tyr
kinases. PTKs play important roles in many cellular
processes including, lymphocyte activation, epithelium
growth and maintenance, metabolism control,
organogenesis regulation, survival, proliferation,
differentiation, migration, adhesion, motility, and
morphogenesis. Receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) are integral
membrane proteins which contain an extracellular
ligand-binding region, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular tyr kinase domain. RTKs are usually
activated through ligand binding, which causes
dimerization and autophosphorylation of the
intracellular tyr kinase catalytic domain, leading to
intracellular signaling. Some RTKs are orphan receptors
with no known ligands. Non-receptor (or cytoplasmic)
tyr kinases are distributed in different intracellular
compartments and are usually multi-domain proteins
containing a catalytic tyr kinase domain as well as
various regulatory domains such as SH3 and SH2. PTKs
are usually autoinhibited and require a mechanism for
activation. In many PTKs, the phosphorylation of tyr
residues in the activation loop is essential for
optimal activity. Aberrant expression of PTKs is
associated with many development abnormalities and
cancers.
Length = 262
Score = 48.3 bits (116), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 17/32 (53%), Positives = 21/32 (65%), Gaps = 4/32 (12%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
+KLG G FGEV++G TT VA+KTLK
Sbjct: 1 KKLGEGAFGEVYKGKLKGKDGKTTEVAVKTLK 32
>gnl|CDD|173637 cd05059, PTKc_Tec_like, Catalytic domain of Tec-like Protein
Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular
carcinoma (Tec) subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The
Tec subfamily is composed of Tec, Btk, Bmx (Etk), Itk
(Tsk, Emt), Rlk (Txk), and similar proteins. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Tec
kinases are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr kinases
(nRTKs) with similarity to Src kinases in that they
contain Src homology protein interaction domains (SH3,
SH2) N-terminal to the catalytic tyr kinase domain.
Unlike Src kinases, most Tec subfamily members (except
Rlk) also contain an N-terminal pleckstrin homology
(PH) domain, which binds the products of PI3K and
allows membrane recruitment and activation. In
addition, some members contain the Tec homology (TH)
domain, which contains proline-rich and zinc-binding
regions. Tec kinases form the second largest subfamily
of nRTKs and are expressed mainly by haematopoietic
cells, although Tec and Bmx are also found in
endothelial cells. B-cells express Btk and Tec, while
T-cells express Itk, Txk, and Tec. Collectively, Tec
kinases are expressed in a variety of myeloid cells
such as mast cells, platelets, macrophages, and
dendritic cells. Each Tec kinase shows a distinct
cell-type pattern of expression. The function of Tec
kinases in lymphoid cells have been studied
extensively. They play important roles in the
development, differentiation, maturation, regulation,
survival, and function of B-cells and T-cells.
Mutations in Btk cause the severe B-cell
immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA).
Length = 256
Score = 48.2 bits (115), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 21/47 (44%), Positives = 30/47 (63%), Gaps = 3/47 (6%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI---DFV 93
ID + L F+++LGSGQFG V G W VAIK ++ G++ DF+
Sbjct: 1 IDPSELTFLKELGSGQFGVVHLGKWRGKIDVAIKMIREGAMSEDDFI 47
>gnl|CDD|173625 cd05032, PTKc_InsR_like, Catalytic domain of Insulin
Receptor-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Insulin Receptor (InsR)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The InsR subfamily is
composed of InsR, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor
(IGF-1R), and similar proteins. PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. InsR and
IGF-1R are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) composed of two
alphabeta heterodimers. Binding of the ligand (insulin,
IGF-1, or IGF-2) to the extracellular alpha subunit
activates the intracellular tyr kinase domain of the
transmembrane beta subunit. Receptor activation leads
to autophosphorylation, stimulating downstream kinase
activities, which initiate signaling cascades and
biological function. InsR and IGF-1R, which share 84%
sequence identity in their kinase domains, display
physiologically distinct yet overlapping functions in
cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism. InsR
activation leads primarily to metabolic effects while
IGF-1R activation stimulates mitogenic pathways. In
cells expressing both receptors, InsR/IGF-1R hybrids
are found together with classical receptors. Both
receptors can interact with common adaptor molecules
such as IRS-1 and IRS-2.
Length = 277
Score = 46.6 bits (111), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 19/44 (43%), Positives = 25/44 (56%), Gaps = 6/44 (13%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT------TPVAIKTL 85
WE+ R + +R+LG G FG V+EGL T VAIKT+
Sbjct: 1 WELPREKITLIRELGQGSFGMVYEGLAKGVVKGEPETRVAIKTV 44
>gnl|CDD|173657 cd05113, PTKc_Btk_Bmx, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Bruton's tyrosine kinase and Bone marrow
kinase on the X chromosome. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) and Bone
marrow kinase on the X chromosome (Bmx); catalytic (c)
domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily
that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases
such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases,
and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Btk and
Bmx (also named Etk) are members of the Tec subfamily
of proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases with similarity to Src kinases in that they
contain Src homology protein interaction domains (SH3,
SH2) N-terminal to the catalytic tyr kinase domain.
Unlike Src kinases, most Tec subfamily members (except
Rlk) also contain an N-terminal pleckstrin homology
(PH) domain, which binds the products of PI3K and
allows membrane recruitment and activation. In
addition, Btk contains the Tec homology (TH) domain
with proline-rich and zinc-binding regions. Tec kinases
are expressed mainly by haematopoietic cells. Btk is
expressed in B-cells, and a variety of myeloid cells
including mast cells, platelets, neutrophils, and
dendrictic cells. It interacts with a variety of
partners, from cytosolic proteins to nuclear
transcription factors, suggesting a diversity of
functions. Stimulation of a diverse array of cell
surface receptors, including antigen engagement of the
B-cell receptor (BCR), leads to PH-mediated membrane
translocation of Btk and subsequent phosphorylation by
Src kinase and activation. Btk plays an important role
in the life cycle of B-cells including their
development, differentiation, proliferation, survival,
and apoptosis. Mutations in Btk cause the primary
immunodeficiency disease, X-linked agammaglobulinaemia
(XLA) in humans. Bmx is primarily expressed in bone
marrow and the arterial endothelium, and plays an
important role in ischemia-induced angiogenesis. It
facilitates arterial growth, capillary formation,
vessel maturation, and bone marrow-derived endothelial
progenitor cell mobilization.
Length = 256
Score = 44.5 bits (105), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 20/41 (48%), Positives = 26/41 (63%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
ID L F+++LG+GQFG V G W VAIK +K GS+
Sbjct: 1 IDPKDLTFLKELGTGQFGVVKYGKWRGQYDVAIKMIKEGSM 41
>gnl|CDD|133171 cd05039, PTKc_Csk_like, Catalytic domain of C-terminal Src
kinase-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; C-terminal Src kinase (Csk)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The Csk subfamily is
composed of Csk, Chk, and similar proteins. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Csk
subfamily kinases are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases containing the Src homology domains, SH3 and
SH2, N-terminal to the catalytic tyr kinase domain.
They negatively regulate the activity of Src kinases
that are anchored to the plasma membrane. To inhibit
Src kinases, Csk and Chk are translocated to the
membrane via binding to specific transmembrane
proteins, G-proteins, or adaptor proteins near the
membrane. Csk catalyzes the tyr phosphorylation of the
regulatory C-terminal tail of Src kinases, resulting in
their inactivation. Chk inhibit Src kinases using a
noncatalytic mechanism by simply binding to them. As
negative regulators of Src kinases, Csk and Chk play
important roles in cell proliferation, survival, and
differentiation, and consequently, in cancer
development and progression.
Length = 256
Score = 44.3 bits (105), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 15/39 (38%), Positives = 21/39 (53%), Gaps = 1/39 (2%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
W I+ LK +G G+FG+V G + VA+K LK
Sbjct: 1 WAINSKELKLGATIGKGEFGDVMLGDYRGQK-VAVKCLK 38
>gnl|CDD|173658 cd05114, PTKc_Tec_Rlk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular
carcinoma and Resting lymphocyte kinase. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Tyrosine kinase expressed
in hepatocellular carcinoma (Tec) and Resting
lymphocyte kinase (Rlk); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily, that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Tec and
Rlk (also named Txk) are members of the Tec subfamily
of proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases with similarity to Src kinases in that they
contain Src homology protein interaction domains (SH3,
SH2) N-terminal to the catalytic tyr kinase domain.
Unlike Src kinases, most Tec subfamily members (except
Rlk) also contain an N-terminal pleckstrin homology
(PH) domain, which binds the products of PI3K and
allows membrane recruitment and activation. Instead of
PH, Rlk contains an N-terminal cysteine-rich region. In
addition to PH, Tec also contains the Tec homology (TH)
domain with proline-rich and zinc-binding regions. Tec
kinases are expressed mainly by haematopoietic cells.
Tec is more widely-expressed than other Tec subfamily
kinases. It is found in endothelial cells, both B- and
T-cells, and a variety of myeloid cells including mast
cells, erythroid cells, platelets, macrophages and
neutrophils. Rlk is expressed in T-cells and mast cell
lines. Tec and Rlk are both key components of T-cell
receptor (TCR) signaling. They are important in
TCR-stimulated proliferation, IL-2 production and
phopholipase C-gamma1 activation.
Length = 256
Score = 42.9 bits (101), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 20/47 (42%), Positives = 29/47 (61%), Gaps = 3/47 (6%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSI---DFV 93
I+ + L F+++LGSGQFG V G W VAIK + G++ DF+
Sbjct: 1 INPSELTFMKELGSGQFGVVHLGKWRAQIKVAIKAINEGAMSEEDFI 47
>gnl|CDD|133165 cd05033, PTKc_EphR, Catalytic domain of Ephrin Receptor Protein
Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Ephrin Receptor (EphR) subfamily; catalytic (c)
domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily
that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases
such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases,
and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. EphRs
comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs). They can be classified into two classes (EphA
and EphB), according to their extracellular sequences,
which largely correspond to binding preferences for
either GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands or transmembrane
ephrin-B ligands. Vertebrates have ten EphA and six
EhpB receptors, which display promiscuous ligand
interactions within each class. EphRs contain an ephrin
binding domain and two fibronectin repeats
extracellularly, a transmembrane segment, and a
cytoplasmic tyr kinase domain. Binding of the ephrin
ligand to EphR requires cell-cell contact since both
are anchored to the plasma membrane. This allows
ephrin/EphR dimers to form, leading to the activation
of the intracellular tyr kinase domain. The resulting
downstream signals occur bidirectionally in both
EphR-expressing cells (forward signaling) and
ephrin-expressing cells (reverse signaling). The main
effect of ephrin/EphR interaction is cell-cell
repulsion or adhesion. Ephrin/EphR signaling is
important in neural development and plasticity, cell
morphogenesis and proliferation, cell-fate
determination, embryonic development, tissue
patterning, and angiogenesis.
Length = 266
Score = 42.3 bits (100), Expect = 5e-06
Identities = 19/46 (41%), Positives = 24/46 (52%), Gaps = 4/46 (8%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN----NTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
ID + + + +G G+FGEV G VAIKTLK GS D
Sbjct: 1 IDPSYVTIEKVIGGGEFGEVCRGRLKLPGKKEIDVAIKTLKAGSSD 46
>gnl|CDD|133237 cd05106, PTKc_CSF-1R, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Colony-Stimulating
Factor-1 Receptor (CSF-1R); catalytic (c) domain. The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. CSF-1R,
also called c-Fms, is a member of the Platelet Derived
Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR) subfamily of proteins,
which are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular ligand-binding region with five
immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane segment,
and an intracellular catalytic domain. The binding of
CSF-1R to its ligand, CSF-1, leads to receptor
dimerization, trans phosphorylation and activation, and
intracellular signaling. CSF-1R signaling is critical
in the regulation of macrophages and osteoclasts. It
leads to increases in gene transcription and protein
translation, and induces cytoskeletal remodeling.
CSF-1R signaling leads to a variety of cellular
responses including survival, proliferation, and
differentiation of target cells. It plays an important
role in innate immunity, tissue development and
function, and the pathogenesis of some diseases
including atherosclerosis and cancer. CSF-1R signaling
is also implicated in mammary gland development during
pregnancy and lactation. Aberrant CSF-1/CSF-1R
expression correlates with tumor cell invasiveness,
poor clinical prognosis, and bone metastasis in breast
cancer. Although the structure of the human CSF-1R
catalytic domain is known, it is excluded from this
specific alignment model because it contains a deletion
in its sequence.
Length = 374
Score = 42.1 bits (99), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 20/47 (42%), Positives = 29/47 (61%), Gaps = 6/47 (12%)
Query: 46 DQWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GLWN--NTTPVAIKTLK 86
++WE R++L+F + LG+G FG+V E GL N VA+K LK
Sbjct: 31 EKWEFPRDNLQFGKTLGAGAFGKVVEATAFGLGKEDNVLRVAVKMLK 77
>gnl|CDD|133168 cd05036, PTKc_ALK_LTK, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase and Leukocyte
Tyrosine Kinase. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and Leukocyte Tyrosine
(tyr) Kinase (LTK); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyr
residues in protein substrates. ALK and LTK are orphan
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) whose ligands are not yet
well-defined. RTKs contain an extracellular
ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane region, and an
intracellular tyr kinase domain. They are usually
activated through ligand binding, which causes
dimerization and autophosphorylation of the
intracellular tyr kinase catalytic domain. ALK appears
to play an important role in mammalian neural
development as well as visceral muscle differentiation
in Drosophila. ALK is aberrantly expressed as fusion
proteins, due to chromosomal translocations, in about
60% of anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). ALK
fusion proteins are also found in rare cases of diffuse
large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). LTK is mainly
expressed in B lymphocytes and neuronal tissues. It is
important in cell proliferation and survival.
Transgenic mice expressing TLK display retarded growth
and high mortality rate. In addition, a polymorphism in
mouse and human LTK is implicated in the pathogenesis
of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Length = 277
Score = 42.0 bits (99), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 19/43 (44%), Positives = 26/43 (60%), Gaps = 6/43 (13%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW------NNTTPVAIKTL 85
E+ R+S+ +R LG G FGEV+EGL+ VA+KTL
Sbjct: 2 EVPRDSITLLRALGHGAFGEVYEGLYRGRDGDAVELQVAVKTL 44
>gnl|CDD|133187 cd05056, PTKc_FAK, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Focal Adhesion Kinase. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK); catalytic
(c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. FAK is a cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinase that contains an autophosphorylation site and a
FERM domain at the N-terminus, a central tyr kinase
domain, proline-rich regions, and a C-terminal FAT
(focal adhesion targeting) domain. FAK activity is
dependent on integrin-mediated cell adhesion, which
facilitates N-terminal autophosphorylation. Full
activation is achieved by the phosphorylation of its
two adjacent A-loop tyrosines. FAK is important in
mediating signaling initiated at sites of cell
adhesions and at growth factor receptors. Through
diverse molecular interactions, FAK functions as a
biosensor or integrator to control cell motility. It is
a key regulator of cell survival, proliferation,
migration and invasion, and thus plays an important
role in the development and progression of cancer. Src
binds to autophosphorylated FAK forming the FAK-Src
dual kinase complex, which is activated in a wide
variety of tumor cells and generates signals promoting
growth and metastasis. FAK is being developed as a
target for cancer therapy.
Length = 270
Score = 41.3 bits (97), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 17/43 (39%), Positives = 26/43 (60%), Gaps = 4/43 (9%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
+EI R + R +G GQFG+V++G++ N VA+KT K
Sbjct: 1 YEIQREDITLGRCIGEGQFGDVYQGVYMSPENEKIAVAVKTCK 43
>gnl|CDD|173634 cd05053, PTKc_FGFR, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fibroblast Growth Factor
Receptor (FGFR) subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The
FGFR subfamily consists of FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4,
and similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K).PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. FGFR subfamily members
are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular ligand-binding region with three
immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane segment,
and an intracellular catalytic domain. The binding of
FGFRs to their ligands, the FGFs, and to
heparin/heparan sulfate (HS) results in the formation
of a ternary complex, which leads to receptor
dimerization and activation, and intracellular
signaling. There are at least 23 FGFs and four types of
FGFRs. The binding of FGFs to FGFRs is promiscuous, in
that a receptor may be activated by several ligands and
a ligand may bind to more that one type of receptor.
FGF/FGFR signaling is important in the regulation of
embryonic development, homeostasis, and regenerative
processes. Depending on the cell type and stage, FGFR
signaling produces diverse cellular responses including
proliferation, growth arrest, differentiation, and
apoptosis. Aberrant signaling leads to many human
diseases such as skeletal, olfactory, and metabolic
disorders, as well as cancer.
Length = 293
Score = 40.9 bits (96), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 17/51 (33%), Positives = 27/51 (52%), Gaps = 6/51 (11%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW------NNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
+WE+ R+ L + LG G FG+V + N T+ VA+K LK + +
Sbjct: 6 EWELPRDRLTLGKPLGEGAFGQVVKAEAVGLDNPNETSTVAVKMLKDDATE 56
>gnl|CDD|173636 cd05057, PTKc_EGFR_like, Catalytic domain of Epidermal Growth
Factor Receptor-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Epidermal Growth Factor
Receptor (EGFR) subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. EGFR
(HER, ErbB) subfamily members include EGFR (HER1,
ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2), HER3 (ErbB3), HER4 (ErbB4), and
similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. The EGFR proteins are receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs) containing an extracellular EGF-related
ligand-binding region, a transmembrane helix, and a
cytoplasmic region with a tyr kinase domain and a
regulatory C-terminal tail. Unlike other tyr kinases,
phosphorylation of the activation loop of EGFR proteins
is not critical to their activation. Instead, they are
activated by ligand-induced dimerization, resulting in
the phosphorylation of tyr residues in the C-terminal
tail, which serve as binding sites for downstream
signaling molecules. Collectively, they can recognize a
variety of ligands including EGF, TGFalpha, and
neuregulins, among others. All four subfamily members
can form homo- or heterodimers. HER3 contains an
impaired kinase domain and depends on its
heterodimerization partner for activation. EGFR
subfamily members are involved in signaling pathways
leading to a broad range of cellular responses
including cell proliferation, differentiation,
migration, growth inhibition, and apoptosis. Gain of
function alterations, through their overexpression,
deletions, or point mutations in their kinase domains,
have been implicated in various cancers. These
receptors are targets of many small molecule inhibitors
and monoclonal antibodies used in cancer therapy.
Length = 279
Score = 40.5 bits (95), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 16/37 (43%), Positives = 23/37 (62%), Gaps = 5/37 (13%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
L+ ++ LGSG FG V++G+W PVAIK L+
Sbjct: 9 LEKIKVLGSGAFGTVYKGVWIPEGEKVKIPVAIKVLR 45
>gnl|CDD|215690 pfam00069, Pkinase, Protein kinase domain.
Length = 260
Score = 39.9 bits (94), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 15/33 (45%), Positives = 20/33 (60%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLK 86
+ +RKLGSG FG V++ T VA+K LK
Sbjct: 1 YELLRKLGSGSFGTVYKAKHKGTGKIVAVKILK 33
>gnl|CDD|214567 smart00220, S_TKc, Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic
domain. Phosphotransferases. Serine or
threonine-specific kinase subfamily.
Length = 254
Score = 39.4 bits (93), Expect = 5e-05
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 19/37 (51%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
+ + KLG G FG+V+ T VAIK +K I
Sbjct: 2 EILEKLGEGSFGKVYLARDKKTGKLVAIKVIKKKKIK 38
>gnl|CDD|173734 cd07830, STKc_MAK_like, Catalytic domain of Male germ
cell-Associated Kinase-like Serine/Threonine Kinases.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Male germ
cell-Associated Kinase (MAK)-like subfamily, catalytic
(c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The MAK-like subfamily
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. This subfamily is composed
of human MAK and MAK-related kinase (MRK),
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ime2p, Schizosaccharomyces
pombe Mei4-dependent protein 3 (Mde3) and Pit1,
Caenorhabditis elegans dyf-5, Arabidopsis thaliana MHK,
and similar proteins. These proteins play important
roles during meiosis. MAK is highly expressed in
testicular cells specifically in the meiotic phase, but
is not essential for spermatogenesis and fertility. It
functions as a coactivator of the androgen receptor in
prostate cells. MRK, also called Intestinal Cell Kinase
(ICK), is expressed ubiquitously, with highest
expression in the ovary and uterus. A missense mutation
in MRK causes endocrine-cerebro-osteodysplasia (ECO),
suggesting that this protein plays an important role in
the development of many organs. MAK and MRK may be
involved in regulating cell cycle and cell fate. Ime2p
is a meiosis-specific kinase that is important during
meiotic initiation and during the later stages of
meiosis. Mde3 functions downstream of the transcription
factor Mei-4 which is essential for meiotic prophase I.
Length = 283
Score = 39.1 bits (92), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 18/32 (56%), Gaps = 1/32 (3%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLK 86
K +++LG G FG V+ T VAIK +K
Sbjct: 2 KVIKQLGDGTFGSVYLARNKETGELVAIKKMK 33
>gnl|CDD|133235 cd05104, PTKc_Kit, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Kit. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Kit
(or c-Kit); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Kit is a
member of the Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor
(PDGFR) subfamily of proteins, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with five immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding of Kit to its ligand, the
stem-cell factor (SCF), leads to receptor dimerization,
trans phosphorylation and activation, and intracellular
signaling. Kit is important in the development of
melanocytes, germ cells, mast cells, hematopoietic stem
cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal, and the
pacemaker cells of the GI tract. Kit signaling is
involved in major cellular functions including cell
survival, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and
chemotaxis. Mutations in Kit, which result in
constitutive ligand-independent activation, are found
in human cancers such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor
(GIST) and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). The
aberrant expression of Kit and/or SCF is associated
with other tumor types such as systemic mastocytosis
and cancers of the breast, neurons, lung, prostate,
colon, and rectum. Although the structure of the human
Kit catalytic domain is known, it is excluded from this
specific alignment model because it contains a deletion
in its sequence.
Length = 375
Score = 38.7 bits (90), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 20/46 (43%), Positives = 27/46 (58%), Gaps = 6/46 (13%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GLW--NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
+WE RN L F + LG+G FG+V E GL+ + VA+K LK
Sbjct: 29 KWEFPRNRLSFGKTLGAGAFGKVVEATAYGLFKSDAAMTVAVKMLK 74
>gnl|CDD|173623 cd00180, PKc, Catalytic domain of Protein Kinases. Protein
Kinases (PKs), catalytic (c) domain. PKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine or tyrosine residues on protein
substrates. The PK family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and
actin-fragmin kinase. PKs make up a large family of
serine/threonine kinases, protein tyrosine kinases
(PTKs), and dual-specificity PKs that phosphorylate
both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues of target
proteins. Majority of protein phosphorylation, about
95%, occurs on serine residues while only 1% occurs on
tyrosine residues. Protein phosphorylation is a
mechanism by which a wide variety of cellular proteins,
such as enzymes and membrane channels, are reversibly
regulated in response to certain stimuli. PKs often
function as components of signal transduction pathways
in which one kinase activates a second kinase, which in
turn, may act on other kinases; this sequential action
transmits a signal from the cell surface to target
proteins, which results in cellular responses. The PK
family is one of the largest known protein families
with more than 100 homologous yeast enzymes and 550
human proteins. A fraction of PK family members are
pseudokinases that lack crucial residues for catalytic
activity. The mutiplicity of kinases allows for
specific regulation according to substrate, tissue
distribution, and cellular localization. PKs regulate
many cellular processes including proliferation,
division, differentiation, motility, survival,
metabolism, cell-cycle progression, cytoskeletal
rearrangement, immunity, and neuronal functions. Many
kinases are implicated in the development of various
human diseases including different types of cancer.
Length = 215
Score = 37.6 bits (88), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 12/27 (44%), Positives = 14/27 (51%), Gaps = 1/27 (3%)
Query: 61 LGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLK 86
LG G FG V+ T VAIK +K
Sbjct: 1 LGEGGFGTVYLARDKKTGKKVAIKIIK 27
>gnl|CDD|173629 cd05041, PTKc_Fes_like, Catalytic domain of Fes-like Protein
Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Fes subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. Fes
subfamily members include Fes (or Fps), Fer, and
similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. Fes subfamily proteins are cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing an N-terminal
region with FCH (Fes/Fer/CIP4 homology) and coiled-coil
domains, followed by a SH2 domain, and a C-terminal
catalytic domain. The genes for Fes (feline sarcoma)
and Fps (Fujinami poultry sarcoma) were first isolated
from tumor-causing retroviruses. The viral oncogenes
encode chimeric Fes proteins consisting of Gag
sequences at the N-termini, resulting in unregulated
tyr kinase activity. Fes and Fer kinases play roles in
haematopoiesis, inflammation and immunity, growth
factor signaling, cytoskeletal regulation, cell
migration and adhesion, and the regulation of cell-cell
interactions. Fes and Fer show redundancy in their
biological functions.
Length = 251
Score = 37.8 bits (88), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 19/29 (65%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKM 87
K+G G FG+V++G+ T VA+KT +
Sbjct: 1 EKIGKGNFGDVYKGVLKGNTEVAVKTCRS 29
>gnl|CDD|133172 cd05040, PTKc_Ack_like, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Activated Cdc42-associated kinase. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Activated
Cdc42-associated kinase (Ack) subfamily; catalytic (c)
domain. Ack subfamily members include Ack1,
thirty-eight-negative kinase 1 (Tnk1), and similar
proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. Ack subfamily members are cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing an N-terminal
catalytic domain, an SH3 domain, a Cdc42-binding CRIB
domain, and a proline-rich region. They are mainly
expressed in brain and skeletal tissues and are
involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and growth,
receptor degradation, and axonal guidance. Ack1 is also
associated with androgen-independent prostate cancer
progression. Tnk1 regulates TNFalpha signaling and may
play an important role in cell death.
Length = 257
Score = 37.7 bits (88), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 15/31 (48%), Positives = 18/31 (58%), Gaps = 4/31 (12%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTT----PVAIKTLK 86
KLG G FG V G W+ + PVA+K LK
Sbjct: 2 KLGDGSFGVVRRGEWSTSGGKVIPVAVKCLK 32
>gnl|CDD|173630 cd05044, PTKc_c-ros, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, C-ros. Protein Tyrosine Kinases (PTK) family;
C-ros and Drosophila Sevenless proteins; catalytic (c)
domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily
that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases
such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases,
and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. The
proto-oncogene c-ros encodes an orphan receptor tyr
kinase (RTK) with an unknown ligand. RTKs contain an
extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane
region, and an intracellular tyr kinase domain. RTKs
are usually activated through ligand binding, which
causes dimerization and autophosphorylation of the
intracellular tyr kinase catalytic domain. C-ros is
expressed in embryonic cells of the kidney, intestine
and lung, but disappears soon after birth. It persists
only in the adult epididymis. Male mice bearing
inactive mutations of c-ros lack the initial segment of
the epididymis and are infertile. The Drosophila
protein, Sevenless, is required for the specification
of the R7 photoreceptor cell during eye development.
Length = 269
Score = 37.5 bits (87), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 19/38 (50%), Positives = 24/38 (63%), Gaps = 7/38 (18%)
Query: 61 LGSGQFGEVWEG-----LWNNTTP--VAIKTLKMGSID 91
LGSG FGEV+EG L + P VA+KTL+ G+ D
Sbjct: 3 LGSGAFGEVYEGTATDILGPGSGPIRVAVKTLRKGATD 40
>gnl|CDD|133240 cd05109, PTKc_HER2, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, HER2. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
HER2 (ErbB2, HER2/neu); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. HER2 is
a member of the EGFR (HER, ErbB) subfamily of proteins,
which are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular EGF-related ligand-binding region, a
transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic region with a
tyr kinase domain and a regulatory C-terminal tail.
Unlike other tyr kinases, phosphorylation of the
activation loop of EGFR proteins is not critical to
their activation. Instead, they are activated by
ligand-induced dimerization, leading to the
phosphorylation of tyr residues in the C-terminal tail,
which serve as binding sites for downstream signaling
molecules. HER2 does not bind to any known EGFR
subfamily ligands, but contributes to the kinase
activity of all possible heterodimers. It acts as the
preferred partner with other ligand-bound EGFR proteins
and functions as a signal amplifier, with the HER2-HER3
heterodimer being the most potent pair in mitogenic
signaling. HER2 plays an important role in cell
development, proliferation, survival and motility.
Overexpression of HER2 results in its activation and
downstream signaling, even in the absence of ligand.
HER2 overexpression, mainly due to gene amplification,
has been shown in a variety of human cancers. Its role
in breast cancer is especially well-documented. HER2 is
up-regulated in about 25% of breast tumors and is
associated with increases in tumor aggressiveness,
recurrence and mortality. HER2 is a target for
monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors,
which are being developed as treatments for cancer. The
first humanized antibody approved for clinical use is
Trastuzumab (Herceptin), which is being used in
combination with other therapies to improve the
survival rates of patients with HER2-overexpressing
breast cancer.
Length = 279
Score = 36.9 bits (85), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 19/37 (51%), Positives = 24/37 (64%), Gaps = 5/37 (13%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
LK V+ LGSG FG V++G+W N PVAIK L+
Sbjct: 9 LKKVKVLGSGAFGTVYKGIWIPDGENVKIPVAIKVLR 45
>gnl|CDD|173628 cd05038, PTKc_Jak_rpt2, Catalytic (repeat 2) domain of the
Protein Tyrosine Kinases, Janus kinases. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Janus kinase (Jak)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain (repeat 2). The Jak
subfamily is composed of Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, TYK2, and
similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. Jak subfamily proteins are cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing an N-terminal FERM
domain, followed by a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a
pseudokinase domain, and a C-terminal tyr kinase
catalytic domain. Most Jaks are expressed in a wide
variety of tissues, except for Jak3, which is expressed
only in hematopoietic cells. Jaks are crucial for
cytokine receptor signaling. They are activated by
autophosphorylation upon cytokine-induced receptor
aggregation, and subsequently trigger downstream
signaling events such as the phosphorylation of signal
transducers and activators of transcription (STATs).
Jaks are also involved in regulating the surface
expression of some cytokine receptors. The Jak-STAT
pathway is involved in many biological processes
including hematopoiesis, immunoregulation, host
defense, fertility, lactation, growth, and
embryogenesis.
Length = 284
Score = 36.6 bits (85), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 16/37 (43%), Positives = 25/37 (67%), Gaps = 5/37 (13%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEV----WEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLK 86
LKF+++LG G FG+V ++ L +NT VA+K+L
Sbjct: 6 LKFIKQLGEGHFGKVELCRYDPLGDNTGEQVAVKSLN 42
>gnl|CDD|173635 cd05054, PTKc_VEGFR, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR) subfamily;
catalytic (c) domain. The VEGFR subfamily consists of
VEGFR1 (Flt1), VEGFR2 (Flk1), VEGFR3 (Flt4), and
similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. VEGFR subfamily members are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with seven immunoglobulin
(Ig)-like domains, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. In VEGFR3, the fifth
Ig-like domain is replaced by a disulfide bridge. The
binding of VEGFRs to their ligands, the VEGFs, leads to
receptor dimerization, activation, and intracellular
signaling. There are five VEGF ligands in mammals,
which bind, in an overlapping pattern to the three
VEGFRs, which can form homo or heterodimers. VEGFRs
regulate the cardiovascular system. They are critical
for vascular development during embryogenesis and blood
vessel formation in adults. They induce cellular
functions common to other growth factor receptors such
as cell migration, survival, and proliferation. VEGFR1
binds VEGFA, VEGFB, and placenta growth factor (PLGF).
It regulates monocyte and macrophage migration,
vascular permeability, haematopoiesis, and the
recruitment of haematopietic progenitor cells from the
bone marrow.
Length = 337
Score = 36.8 bits (85), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 18/49 (36%), Positives = 28/49 (57%), Gaps = 6/49 (12%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GLWNNTT--PVAIKTLKMGS 89
+WE R+ LK + LG G FG+V + G+ + + VA+K LK G+
Sbjct: 1 KWEFPRDRLKLGKPLGRGAFGKVIQASAFGIEKSASCRTVAVKMLKEGA 49
>gnl|CDD|173654 cd05108, PTKc_EGFR, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Epidermal Growth Factor
Receptor (EGFR); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. EGFR
(HER1, ErbB1) is a member of the EGFR (HER, ErbB)
subfamily of proteins, which are receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs) containing an extracellular EGF-related
ligand-binding region, a transmembrane helix, and a
cytoplasmic region with a tyr kinase domain and a
regulatory C-terminal tail. Unlike other tyr kinases,
phosphorylation of the activation loop of EGFR proteins
is not critical to their activation. Instead, they are
activated by ligand-induced dimerization, leading to
the phosphorylation of tyr residues in the C-terminal
tail, which serve as binding sites for downstream
signaling molecules. Ligands for EGFR include EGF,
heparin binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF),
epiregulin, amphiregulin, TGFalpha, and betacellulin.
Upon ligand binding, EGFR can form homo- or
heterodimers with other EGFR subfamily members. The
EGFR signaling pathway is one of the most important
pathways regulating cell proliferation,
differentiation, survival, and growth. Overexpression
and mutation in the kinase domain of EGFR have been
implicated in the development and progression of a
variety of cancers. A number of monoclonal antibodies
and small molecule inhibitors have been developed that
target EGFR, including the antibodies Cetuximab and
Panitumumab, which are used in combination with other
therapies for the treatment of colorectal cancer and
non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The small
molecule inhibitors Gefitinib (Iressa) and Erlotinib
(Tarceva), already used for NSCLC, are undergoing
clinical trials for other types of cancer including
gastrointestinal, breast, head and neck, and bladder.
Length = 316
Score = 36.5 bits (84), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 17/37 (45%), Positives = 22/37 (59%), Gaps = 5/37 (13%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
K ++ LGSG FG V++GLW PVAIK L+
Sbjct: 9 FKKIKVLGSGAFGTVYKGLWIPEGEKVKIPVAIKELR 45
>gnl|CDD|133186 cd05055, PTKc_PDGFR, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptors.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Platelet Derived
Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR) subfamily; catalytic (c)
domain. The PDGFR subfamily consists of PDGFR alpha,
PDGFR beta, KIT, CSF-1R, the mammalian FLT3, and
similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. PDGFR subfamily members are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with five immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. PDGFR kinase domains are
autoinhibited by their juxtamembrane regions containing
tyr residues. The binding to their ligands leads to
receptor dimerization, trans phosphorylation and
activation, and intracellular signaling. PDGFR
subfamily receptors are important in the development of
a variety of cells. PDGFRs are expressed in a many
cells including fibroblasts, neurons, endometrial
cells, mammary epithelial cells, and vascular smooth
muscle cells. PDGFR signaling is critical in normal
embryonic development, angiogenesis, and wound healing.
PDGFRs transduce mitogenic signals for connective
tissue cells and are important for cell shape and
motility. Kit is important in the development of
melanocytes, germ cells, mast cells, hematopoietic stem
cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal, and the
pacemaker cells of the GI tract. CSF-1R signaling is
critical in the regulation of macrophages and
osteoclasts. Mammalian FLT3 plays an important role in
the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of
stem cells.
Length = 302
Score = 36.7 bits (85), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 20/46 (43%), Positives = 27/46 (58%), Gaps = 6/46 (13%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GLWNN--TTPVAIKTLK 86
+WE RN+L F + LG+G FG+V E GL + VA+K LK
Sbjct: 29 KWEFPRNNLSFGKTLGAGAFGKVVEATAYGLSKSDAVMKVAVKMLK 74
>gnl|CDD|133179 cd05048, PTKc_Ror, Catalytic Domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Receptor tyrosine kinase-like Orphan
Receptors. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Receptor tyrosine kinase-like Orphan Receptor (Ror)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The Ror subfamily
consists of Ror1, Ror2, and similar proteins. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Ror
proteins are orphan receptor tyr kinases (RTKs)
containing an extracellular region with
immunoglobulin-like, cysteine-rich, and kringle
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. Ror RTKs are unrelated to the nuclear
receptor subfamily called retinoid-related orphan
receptors (RORs). RTKs are usually activated through
ligand binding, which causes dimerization and
autophosphorylation of the intracellular tyr kinase
catalytic domain. Ror kinases are expressed in many
tissues during development. They play important roles
in bone and heart formation. Mutations in human Ror2
result in two different bone development genetic
disorders, recessive Robinow syndrome and brachydactyly
type B. Drosophila Ror is expressed only in the
developing nervous system during neurite outgrowth and
neuronal differentiation, suggesting a role for
Drosophila Ror in neural development. More recently,
mouse Ror1 and Ror2 have also been found to play an
important role in regulating neurite growth in central
neurons. Ror1 and Ror2 are believed to have some
overlapping and redundant functions.
Length = 283
Score = 36.3 bits (84), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 18/44 (40%), Positives = 28/44 (63%), Gaps = 6/44 (13%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEG------LWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
EI ++++F+ +LG G FG+V++G + T VAIKTLK
Sbjct: 1 EIPLSAVRFLEELGEGAFGKVYKGELTGPNERLSATSVAIKTLK 44
>gnl|CDD|143346 cd07841, STKc_CDK7, Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine
Kinase, Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase 7.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Cyclin-Dependent
protein Kinase 7 (CDK7) subfamily, catalytic (c)
domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The CDK7 subfamily is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. CDKs belong to a large
family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate
cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of
cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal
function. CDK7 plays essential roles in the cell cycle
and in transcription. It associates with cyclin H and
MAT1 and acts as a CDK-Activating Kinase (CAK) by
phosphorylating and activating cell cycle CDKs
(CDK1/2/4/6). In the brain, it activates CDK5. CDK7 is
also a component of the general transcription factor
TFIIH, which phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD)
of RNA polymerase II when it is bound with
unphosphorylated DNA, as present in the pre-initiation
complex. Following phosphorylation, the CTD dissociates
from the DNA which allows transcription initiation.
Length = 298
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 12/36 (33%), Positives = 19/36 (52%), Gaps = 1/36 (2%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLKMGSI 90
+ +KLG G + V++ T VAIK +K+G
Sbjct: 3 EKGKKLGEGTYAVVYKARDKETGRIVAIKKIKLGER 38
>gnl|CDD|173632 cd05051, PTKc_DDR, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Discoidin Domain Receptors. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Discoidin Domain Receptor (DDR)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The DDR subfamily
consists of homologs of mammalian DDR1, DDR2, and
similar proteins. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. DDR subfamily members are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular discoidin
homology domain, a transmembrane segment, an extended
juxtamembrane region, and an intracellular catalytic
domain. The binding of the ligand, collagen, to DDRs
results in a slow but sustained receptor activation.
DDRs regulate cell adhesion, proliferation, and
extracellular matrix remodeling. They have been linked
to a variety of human cancers including breast, colon,
ovarian, brain, and lung. There is no evidence showing
that DDRs act as transforming oncogenes. They are more
likely to play a role in the regulation of tumor growth
and metastasis.
Length = 296
Score = 36.2 bits (84), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 20/60 (33%), Positives = 24/60 (40%), Gaps = 17/60 (28%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEV----------------WEGLWNN-TTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
E R L FV KLG GQFGEV E + VA+K L+ + D
Sbjct: 1 EFPRQPLNFVEKLGEGQFGEVHLCEADGLQDFSEKAFAENDNADAPVLVAVKVLRPDASD 60
>gnl|CDD|223589 COG0515, SPS1, Serine/threonine protein kinase [General function
prediction only / Signal transduction mechanisms /
Transcription / DNA replication, recombination, and
repair].
Length = 384
Score = 35.9 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 19/33 (57%), Gaps = 2/33 (6%)
Query: 54 SLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
S + +RKLG G FGEV+ + VA+K L
Sbjct: 1 SYRILRKLGEGSFGEVYLAR--DRKLVALKVLA 31
>gnl|CDD|133216 cd05085, PTKc_Fer, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Fer. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fer
kinase; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Fer
kinase is a member of the Fes subfamily of proteins
which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr kinases
containing an N-terminal region with FCH (Fes/Fer/CIP4
homology) and coiled-coil domains, followed by a SH2
domain, and a C-terminal catalytic domain. Fer kinase
is expressed in a wide variety of tissues, and is found
to reside in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. It
plays important roles in neuronal polarization and
neurite development, cytoskeletal reorganization, cell
migration, growth factor signaling, and the regulation
of cell-cell interactions mediated by adherens
junctions and focal adhesions. Fer kinase also
regulates cell cycle progression in malignant cells.
Length = 250
Score = 35.7 bits (82), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 15/26 (57%), Positives = 19/26 (73%)
Query: 61 LGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
LG G FGEV++G + TPVA+KT K
Sbjct: 3 LGKGNFGEVFKGTLKDKTPVAVKTCK 28
>gnl|CDD|133192 cd05061, PTKc_InsR, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Insulin Receptor. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Insulin Receptor (InsR); catalytic (c)
domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily
that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases
such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases,
and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. InsR is
a receptor tyr kinase (RTK) that is composed of two
alphabeta heterodimers. Binding of the insulin ligand
to the extracellular alpha subunit activates the
intracellular tyr kinase domain of the transmembrane
beta subunit. Receptor activation leads to
autophosphorylation, stimulating downstream kinase
activities, which initiate signaling cascades and
biological function. InsR signaling plays an important
role in many cellular processes including glucose
homeostasis, glycogen synthesis, lipid and protein
metabolism, ion and amino acid transport, cell cycle
and proliferation, cell differentiation, gene
transcription, and nitric oxide synthesis. Insulin
resistance, caused by abnormalities in InsR signaling,
has been described in diabetes, hypertension,
cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, heart
failure, and female infertility.
Length = 288
Score = 35.7 bits (82), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 17/44 (38%), Positives = 25/44 (56%), Gaps = 6/44 (13%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT------TPVAIKTL 85
WE+ R + +R+LG G FG V+EG + T VA+KT+
Sbjct: 1 WEVSREKITLLRELGQGSFGMVYEGNARDIIKGEAETRVAVKTV 44
>gnl|CDD|173647 cd05091, PTKc_Ror2, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Receptor tyrosine kinase-like Orphan Receptor
2. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Receptor
tyrosine kinase-like Orphan Receptor 2 (Ror2);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Ror proteins are orphan
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
region with immunoglobulin-like, cysteine-rich, and
kringle domains, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. Ror RTKs are unrelated
to the nuclear receptor subfamily called
retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs). RTKs are
usually activated through ligand binding, which causes
dimerization and autophosphorylation of the
intracellular tyr kinase catalytic domain. Ror2 plays
important roles in skeletal and heart formation.
Ror2-deficient mice show widespread bone abnormalities,
ventricular defects in the heart, and respiratory
dysfunction. Mutations in human Ror2 result in two
different bone development genetic disorders, recessive
Robinow syndrome and brachydactyly type B. Ror2 is also
implicated in neural development.
Length = 283
Score = 35.4 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 18/44 (40%), Positives = 29/44 (65%), Gaps = 6/44 (13%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP------VAIKTLK 86
EI+ ++++F+ +LG +FG+V++G T P VAIKTLK
Sbjct: 1 EINLSTVRFMEELGEDRFGKVYKGHLFGTAPGEQTQAVAIKTLK 44
>gnl|CDD|133180 cd05049, PTKc_Trk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Tropomyosin Related Kinases. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Tropomyosin Related Kinase (Trk)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The Trk subfamily
consists of TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, and similar proteins. The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Trk
subfamily members are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs)
containing an extracellular region with arrays of
leucine-rich motifs flanked by two cysteine-rich
clusters followed by two immunoglobulin-like domains, a
transmembrane segment, and an intracellular catalytic
domain. Binding to their ligands, the nerve growth
factor (NGF) family of neutrotrophins, leads to Trk
receptor oligomerization and activation of the
catalytic domain. Trk receptors are mainly expressed in
the peripheral and central nervous systems. They play
important roles in cell fate determination, neuronal
survival and differentiation, as well as in the
regulation of synaptic plasticity. Altered expression
of Trk receptors is associated with many human
diseases.
Length = 280
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 16/49 (32%), Positives = 27/49 (55%), Gaps = 6/49 (12%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP------VAIKTLKMGSID 91
+ R+++ R+LG G FG+V+ G + P VA+KTLK + +
Sbjct: 1 HVQRDTIVLKRELGEGAFGKVFLGECYHLEPENDKELVAVKTLKETASN 49
>gnl|CDD|173639 cd05066, PTKc_EphR_A, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Class EphA Ephrin Receptors. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Ephrin Receptor (EphR) subfamily;
most class EphA receptors including EphA3, EphA4,
EphA5, and EphA7, but excluding EphA1, EphA2 and
EphA10; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. EphRs
comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs). In general, class EphA receptors bind
GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands. There are ten vertebrate
EphA receptors (EphA1-10), which display promiscuous
interactions with six ephrin-A ligands. One exception
is EphA4, which also binds ephrins-B2/B3. EphRs contain
an ephrin-binding domain and two fibronectin repeats
extracellularly, a transmembrane segment, and a
cytoplasmic tyr kinase domain. Binding of the ephrin
ligand to EphR requires cell-cell contact since both
are anchored to the plasma membrane. The resulting
downstream signals occur bidirectionally in both
EphR-expressing cells (forward signaling) and
ephrin-expressing cells (reverse signaling).
Ephrin/EphR interaction mainly results in cell-cell
repulsion or adhesion, making it important in neural
development and plasticity, cell morphogenesis,
cell-fate determination, embryonic development, tissue
patterning, and angiogenesis. EphARs and ephrin-A
ligands are expressed in multiple areas of the
developing brain, especially in the retina and tectum.
They are part of a system controlling retinotectal
mapping.
Length = 267
Score = 34.9 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 19/46 (41%), Positives = 26/46 (56%), Gaps = 4/46 (8%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW----NNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
ID + +K + +G+G+FGEV G PVAIKTLK G +
Sbjct: 1 IDASCIKIEKVIGAGEFGEVCSGRLKLPGKREIPVAIKTLKAGYTE 46
>gnl|CDD|133238 cd05107, PTKc_PDGFR_beta, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Tyrosine Kinase, Platelet Derived Growth Factor
Receptor beta. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR) beta;
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. PDGFR beta is a
receptor tyr kinase (RTK) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with five immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding to its ligands, the
PDGFs, leads to receptor dimerization, trans
phosphorylation and activation, and intracellular
signaling. PDGFR beta forms homodimers or heterodimers
with PDGFR alpha, depending on the nature of the PDGF
ligand. PDGF-BB and PDGF-DD induce PDGFR beta
homodimerization. PDGFR signaling plays many roles in
normal embryonic development and adult physiology.
PDGFR beta signaling leads to a variety of cellular
effects including the stimulation of cell growth and
chemotaxis, as well as the inhibition of apoptosis and
GAP junctional communication. It is critical in normal
angiogenesis as it is involved in the recruitment of
pericytes and smooth muscle cells essential for vessel
stability. Aberrant PDGFR beta expression is associated
with some human cancers. The continuously-active fusion
proteins of PDGFR beta with COL1A1 and TEL are
associated with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)
and a subset of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML),
respectively.
Length = 401
Score = 35.0 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 21/45 (46%), Positives = 27/45 (60%), Gaps = 6/45 (13%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GLWNN--TTPVAIKTLK 86
WE+ R++L R LGSG FG V E GL ++ T VA+K LK
Sbjct: 32 WEMPRDNLVLGRTLGSGAFGRVVEATAHGLSHSQSTMKVAVKMLK 76
>gnl|CDD|173659 cd05122, PKc_STE, Catalytic domain of STE family Protein Kinases.
Protein Kinases (PKs), STE family, catalytic (c)
domain. PKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine or
tyrosine residues on protein substrates. The STE family
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein serine/threonine
kinases (STKs), protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). This
family is composed of STKs, and some dual-specificity
PKs that phosphorylate both threonine and tyrosine
residues of target proteins. Most members are kinases
involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
signaling cascades, acting as MAPK kinases (MAPKKs),
MAPK kinase kinases (MAPKKKs), or MAPK kinase kinase
kinases (MAP4Ks). The MAPK signaling pathways are
important mediators of cellular responses to
extracellular signals. The pathways involve a triple
kinase core cascade comprising of the MAPK, which is
phosphorylated and activated by a MAPKK, which itself
is phosphorylated and activated by a MAPKKK. Each MAPK
cascade is activated either by a small GTP-binding
protein or by an adaptor protein, which transmits the
signal either directly to a MAPKKK to start the triple
kinase core cascade or indirectly through a mediator
kinase, a MAP4K. Other STE family members include
p21-activated kinases (PAKs) and class III myosins,
among others. PAKs are Rho family GTPase-regulated
kinases that serve as important mediators in the
function of Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) and Rac.
Class III myosins are motor proteins containing an
N-terminal kinase catalytic domain and a C-terminal
actin-binding domain, which can phosphorylate several
cytoskeletal proteins, conventional myosin regulatory
light chains, as well as autophosphorylate the
C-terminal motor domain. They play an important role in
maintaining the structural integrity of photoreceptor
cell microvilli.
Length = 253
Score = 34.9 bits (81), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 19/32 (59%), Gaps = 1/32 (3%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLK 86
+ + K+G G FGEV++ T VAIK +K
Sbjct: 3 EILEKIGKGGFGEVYKARHKRTGKEVAIKVIK 34
>gnl|CDD|133193 cd05062, PTKc_IGF-1R, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Insulin-like Growth
Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-1R); catalytic (c) domain. The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. IGF-1R
is a receptor tyr kinases (RTK) that is composed of two
alphabeta heterodimers. Binding of the ligand (IGF-1 or
IGF-2) to the extracellular alpha subunit activates the
intracellular tyr kinase domain of the transmembrane
beta subunit. Receptor activation leads to
autophosphorylation, which stimulates downstream kinase
activities and biological function. IGF-1R signaling is
important in the differentiation, growth, and survival
of normal cells. In cancer cells, where it is
frequently overexpressed, IGF-1R is implicated in
proliferation, the suppression of apoptosis, invasion,
and metastasis. IGF-1R is being developed as a
therapeutic target in cancer treatment.
Length = 277
Score = 35.0 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 18/44 (40%), Positives = 24/44 (54%), Gaps = 6/44 (13%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT------TPVAIKTL 85
WE+ R + R+LG G FG V+EG+ T VAIKT+
Sbjct: 1 WEVAREKITMSRELGQGSFGMVYEGIAKGVVKDEPETRVAIKTV 44
>gnl|CDD|133181 cd05050, PTKc_Musk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Muscle-specific kinase. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Muscle-specific kinase (Musk);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Musk is a receptor tyr
kinase (RTK) containing an extracellular region with
four immunoglobulin-like domains and a cysteine-rich
cluster, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. Musk is expressed and concentrated in
the postsynaptic membrane in skeletal muscle. It is
essential for the establishment of the neuromuscular
junction (NMJ), a peripheral synapse that conveys
signals from motor neurons to muscle cells. Agrin, a
large proteoglycan released from motor neurons,
stimulates Musk autophosphorylation and activation,
leading to the clustering of acetylcholine receptors
(AChRs). To date, there is no evidence to suggest that
agrin binds directly to Musk. Mutations in AChR, Musk
and other partners are responsible for diseases of the
NMJ, such as the autoimmune syndrome myasthenia gravis.
Length = 288
Score = 34.8 bits (80), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 18/47 (38%), Positives = 28/47 (59%), Gaps = 6/47 (12%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GL--WNNTTPVAIKTLKMGS 89
E RN++++VR +G G FG V++ GL + T VA+K LK +
Sbjct: 1 EYPRNNIEYVRDIGQGAFGRVFQARAPGLLPYEPFTMVAVKMLKEEA 47
>gnl|CDD|133195 cd05064, PTKc_EphR_A10, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Ephrin Receptor A10. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Ephrin Receptor (EphR) subfamily; EphA10
receptor; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. EphRs
comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs). In general, class EphA receptors bind
GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands. There are ten vertebrate
EphA receptors (EphA1-10), which display promiscuous
interactions with six ephrin-A ligands. EphRs contain
an ephrin binding domain and two fibronectin repeats
extracellularly, a transmembrane segment, and a
cytoplasmic tyr kinase domain. Binding of the ephrin
ligand to EphR requires cell-cell contact since both
are anchored to the plasma membrane. The resulting
downstream signals occur bidirectionally in both
EphR-expressing cells (forward signaling) and
ephrin-expressing cells (reverse signaling). EphA10,
which contains an inactive tyr kinase domain, may
function to attenuate signals of co-clustered active
receptors. EphA10 is mainly expressed in the testis.
Ephrin/EphR interaction results in cell-cell repulsion
or adhesion, making it important in neural development
and plasticity, cell morphogenesis, cell-fate
determination, embryonic development, tissue
patterning, and angiogenesis.
Length = 266
Score = 34.5 bits (79), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 20/47 (42%), Positives = 26/47 (55%), Gaps = 4/47 (8%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN----NTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
E+D S+K R LG+G+FGE+ G PVAI TL+ G D
Sbjct: 1 ELDNKSIKIERILGTGRFGELCRGCLKLPSKRELPVAIHTLRAGCSD 47
>gnl|CDD|133194 cd05063, PTKc_EphR_A2, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Ephrin Receptor A2. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Ephrin Receptor (EphR) subfamily; EphA2
receptor; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. EphRs
comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs). In general, class EphA receptors bind
GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands. There are ten vertebrate
EphA receptors (EphA1-10), which display promiscuous
interactions with six ephrin-A ligands. EphRs contain
an ephrin binding domain and two fibronectin repeats
extracellularly, a transmembrane segment, and a
cytoplasmic tyr kinase domain. Binding of the ephrin
ligand to EphR requires cell-cell contact since both
are anchored to the plasma membrane. The resulting
downstream signals occur bidirectionally in both
EphR-expressing cells (forward signaling) and
ephrin-expressing cells (reverse signaling).
Ephrin/EphR interaction mainly results in cell-cell
repulsion or adhesion, making it important in neural
development and plasticity, cell morphogenesis,
cell-fate determination, embryonic development, tissue
patterning, and angiogenesis. The EphA2 receptor is
overexpressed in tumor cells and tumor blood vessels in
a variety of cancers including breast, prostate, lung,
and colon. As a result, it is an attractive target for
drug design since its inhibition could affect several
aspects of tumor progression.
Length = 268
Score = 34.6 bits (79), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 17/44 (38%), Positives = 25/44 (56%), Gaps = 4/44 (9%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN----NTTPVAIKTLKMG 88
EI + + + +G+G+FGEV+ G+ VAIKTLK G
Sbjct: 1 EIHPSHITKQKVIGAGEFGEVFRGILKMPGRKEVAVAIKTLKPG 44
>gnl|CDD|133233 cd05102, PTKc_VEGFR3, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3 (VEGFR3);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. VEGFR3 (or Flt4) is a
member of the VEGFR subfamily of proteins, which are
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with seven immunoglobulin
(Ig)-like domains, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. In VEGFR3, the fifth
Ig-like domain is replaced by a disulfide bridge. The
binding of VEGFRs to their ligands, the VEGFs, leads to
receptor dimerization, activation, and intracellular
signaling. VEGFR3 preferentially binds the ligands
VEGFC and VEGFD. VEGFR3 is essential for lymphatic
endothelial cell (EC) development and function. It has
been shown to regulate adaptive immunity during corneal
transplantation. VEGFR3 is upregulated on blood
vascular ECs in pathological conditions such as
vascular tumors and the periphery of solid tumors. It
plays a role in cancer progression and lymph node
metastasis. Missense mutations in the VEGFR3 gene are
associated with primary human lymphedema.
Length = 338
Score = 33.8 bits (77), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 18/49 (36%), Positives = 26/49 (53%), Gaps = 6/49 (12%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW------NNTTPVAIKTLKMGS 89
QWE R+ L+ + LG G FG+V E ++ VA+K LK G+
Sbjct: 1 QWEFPRDRLRLGKVLGHGAFGKVVEASAFGIDKKSSCNTVAVKMLKEGA 49
>gnl|CDD|133191 cd05060, PTKc_Syk_like, Catalytic domain of Spleen Tyrosine
Kinase-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk)
subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The Syk subfamily is
composed of Syk, ZAP-70, Shark, and similar proteins.
The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Syk
subfamily kinases are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases containing two Src homology 2 (SH2) domains
N-terminal to the catalytic tyr kinase domain. They are
involved in the signaling downstream of activated
receptors (including B-cell, T-cell, and Fc receptors)
that contain ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyr activation
motifs), leading to processes such as cell
proliferation, differentiation, survival, adhesion,
migration, and phagocytosis. Syk is important in B-cell
receptor (BCR) signaling, while Zap-70 is primarily
expressed in T-cells and NK cells, and is a crucial
component in T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Syk also
plays a central role in Fc receptor-mediated
phagocytosis in the adaptive immune system. Shark is
exclusively expressed in ectodermally derived
epithelia, and is localized preferentially to the
apical surface of the epithelial cells, it may play a
role in a signaling pathway for epithelial cell
polarity.
Length = 257
Score = 33.5 bits (77), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 20/37 (54%), Gaps = 4/37 (10%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW----NNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
++LG G FG V +G++ VA+KTLK I
Sbjct: 1 KELGHGNFGSVVKGVYLMKSGKEVEVAVKTLKQEHIA 37
>gnl|CDD|173655 cd05110, PTKc_HER4, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, HER4. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
HER4 (ErbB4); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. HER4 is
a member of the EGFR (HER, ErbB) subfamily of proteins,
which are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular EGF-related ligand-binding region, a
transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic region with a
tyr kinase domain and a regulatory C-terminal tail.
Unlike other tyr kinases, phosphorylation of the
activation loop of EGFR proteins is not critical to
their activation. Instead, they are activated by
ligand-induced dimerization, leading to the
phosphorylation of tyr residues in the C-terminal tail,
which serve as binding sites for downstream signaling
molecules. Ligands that bind HER4 fall into two groups,
the neuregulins (or heregulins) and some EGFR (HER1)
ligands including betacellulin, HBEGF, and epiregulin.
All four neuregulins (NRG1-4) interact with HER4. Upon
ligand binding, HER4 forms homo- or heterodimers with
other HER proteins. HER4 is essential in embryonic
development. It is implicated in mammary gland,
cardiac, and neural development. As a postsynaptic
receptor of NRG1, HER4 plays an important role in
synaptic plasticity and maturation. The impairment of
NRG1/HER4 signaling may contribute to schizophrenia.
Length = 303
Score = 33.5 bits (76), Expect = 0.007
Identities = 18/41 (43%), Positives = 23/41 (56%), Gaps = 5/41 (12%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTL 85
+ LK V+ LGSG FG V++G+W PVAIK L
Sbjct: 4 LKETELKRVKVLGSGAFGTVYKGIWVPEGETVKIPVAIKIL 44
>gnl|CDD|173638 cd05065, PTKc_EphR_B, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinases, Class EphB Ephrin Receptors. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Ephrin Receptor (EphR) subfamily;
class EphB receptors; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. EphRs
comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyr kinases
(RTKs). Class EphB receptors bind to transmembrane
ephrin-B ligands. There are six vertebrate EhpB
receptors (EphB1-6), which display promiscuous
interactions with three ephrin-B ligands. One exception
is EphB2, which also interacts with ephrin A5. EphRs
contain an ephrin-binding domain and two fibronectin
repeats extracellularly, a transmembrane segment, and a
cytoplasmic tyr kinase domain. Binding of the ephrin
ligand to EphR requires cell-cell contact since both
are anchored to the plasma membrane. The resulting
downstream signals occur bidirectionally in both
EphR-expressing cells (forward signaling) and
ephrin-expressing cells (reverse signaling).
Ephrin/EphR interaction mainly results in cell-cell
repulsion or adhesion. EphBRs play important roles in
synapse formation and plasticity, spine morphogenesis,
axon guidance, and angiogenesis. In the intestinal
epithelium, EphBRs are Wnt signaling target genes that
control cell compartmentalization. They function as
suppressors of color cancer progression.
Length = 269
Score = 33.3 bits (76), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 18/43 (41%), Positives = 23/43 (53%), Gaps = 4/43 (9%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN----NTTPVAIKTLKMG 88
ID + +K +G+G+FGEV G VAIKTLK G
Sbjct: 1 IDVSCVKIEEVIGAGEFGEVCRGRLKLPGKREIFVAIKTLKSG 43
>gnl|CDD|173653 cd05105, PTKc_PDGFR_alpha, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Tyrosine Kinase, Platelet Derived Growth Factor
Receptor alpha. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR) alpha;
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. PDGFR alpha is a
receptor tyr kinase (RTK) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with five immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding to its ligands, the
PDGFs, leads to receptor dimerization, trans
phosphorylation and activation, and intracellular
signaling. PDGFR alpha forms homodimers or heterodimers
with PDGFR beta, depending on the nature of the PDGF
ligand. PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB, and PDGF-CC induce PDGFR
alpha homodimerization. PDGFR signaling plays many
roles in normal embryonic development and adult
physiology. PDGFR alpha signaling is important in the
formation of lung alveoli, intestinal villi,
mesenchymal dermis, and hair follicles, as well as in
the development of oligodendrocytes, retinal
astrocytes, neural crest cells, and testicular cells.
Aberrant PDGFR alpha expression is associated with some
human cancers. Mutations in PDGFR alpha have been found
within a subset of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
(GISTs). An active fusion protein FIP1L1-PDGFR alpha,
derived from interstitial deletion, is associated with
idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) and chronic
eosinophilic leukemia (CEL).
Length = 400
Score = 33.1 bits (75), Expect = 0.012
Identities = 20/46 (43%), Positives = 26/46 (56%), Gaps = 6/46 (13%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGL---WNNTTP---VAIKTLK 86
+WE R+ L R LGSG FG+V EG + + P VA+K LK
Sbjct: 31 RWEFPRDGLVLGRILGSGAFGKVVEGTAYGLSRSQPVMKVAVKMLK 76
>gnl|CDD|133234 cd05103, PTKc_VEGFR2, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. VEGFR2 (or Flk1) is a
member of the VEGFR subfamily of proteins, which are
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with seven immunoglobulin
(Ig)-like domains, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. The binding of VEGFRs
to their ligands, the VEGFs, leads to receptor
dimerization, activation, and intracellular signaling.
The carboxyl terminus of VEGFR2 plays an important role
in its autophosphorylation and activation. VEGFR2 binds
the ligands VEGFA, VEGFC, VEGFD and VEGFE. VEGFR2
signaling is implicated in all aspects of normal and
pathological vascular endothelial cell biology. It
induces a variety of cellular effects including
migration, survival, and proliferation. It is critical
in regulating embryonic vascular development and
angiogenesis. VEGFR2 is the major signal transducer in
pathological angiogenesis including cancer and diabetic
retinopathy, and is a target for inhibition in cancer
therapy.
Length = 343
Score = 32.7 bits (74), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 20/49 (40%), Positives = 27/49 (55%), Gaps = 6/49 (12%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWE----GLWNNTT--PVAIKTLKMGS 89
+WE R+ LK + LG G FG+V E G+ T VA+K LK G+
Sbjct: 1 KWEFPRDRLKLGKPLGRGAFGQVIEADAFGIDKTATCRTVAVKMLKEGA 49
>gnl|CDD|133228 cd05097, PTKc_DDR_like, Catalytic domain of Discoidin Domain
Receptor-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Discoidin Domain Receptor
(DDR)-like proteins; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. DDR-like
proteins are members of the DDR subfamily, which are
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
discoidin homology domain, a transmembrane segment, an
extended juxtamembrane region, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding of the ligand, collagen,
to DDRs results in a slow but sustained receptor
activation. DDRs regulate cell adhesion, proliferation,
and extracellular matrix remodeling. They have been
linked to a variety of human cancers including breast,
colon, ovarian, brain, and lung. There is no evidence
showing that DDRs act as transforming oncogenes. They
are more likely to play a role in the regulation of
tumor growth and metastasis.
Length = 295
Score = 31.9 bits (72), Expect = 0.027
Identities = 12/21 (57%), Positives = 13/21 (61%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEV 69
E R L+ KLG GQFGEV
Sbjct: 1 EFPRQQLRLKEKLGEGQFGEV 21
>gnl|CDD|173731 cd06627, STKc_Cdc7_like, Catalytic domain of Cell division
control protein 7-like Protein Serine/Threonine
Kinases. Serine/threonine kinases (STKs), (Cdc7)-like
subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
Cdc7-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily
that includes the catalytic domains of other protein
STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases,
aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Members of this subfamily
include Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cdc7, Saccharomyces
cerevisiae Cdc15, Arabidopsis thaliana
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase
(MAPKKK) epsilon, and related proteins. MAPKKKs
phosphorylate and activate MAPK kinases (MAPKKs or MKKs
or MAP2Ks), which in turn phosphorylate and activate
MAPKs during signaling cascades that are important in
mediating cellular responses to extracellular signals.
Fission yeast Cdc7 is essential for cell division by
playing a key role in the initiation of septum
formation and cytokinesis. Budding yeast Cdc15
functions to coordinate mitotic exit with cytokinesis.
Arabidopsis MAPKKK epsilon is required for pollen
development in the plasma membrane.
Length = 254
Score = 31.8 bits (73), Expect = 0.027
Identities = 12/33 (36%), Positives = 17/33 (51%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEGL-WNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
+G G FG V++GL VAIK + + I
Sbjct: 7 LIGRGAFGVVYKGLNLETGDFVAIKQISLEKIK 39
>gnl|CDD|132943 cd06612, STKc_MST1_2, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinases, Mammalian Ste20-like protein
kinase 1 and 2. Serine/threonine kinases (STKs),
mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1) and MST2
subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
MST1/2 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. This subfamily is composed
of MST1, MST2, and related proteins including
Drosophila Hippo and Dictyostelium discoideum Krs1
(kinase responsive to stress 1). MST1/2 and Hippo are
involved in a conserved pathway that governs cell
contact inhibition, organ size control, and tumor
development. MST1 activates the mitogen-activated
protein kinases (MAPKs) p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase
(JNK) through MKK7 (a MAPK kinase) and MEKK1 (a MAPK
kinase kinase) by acting as a MAPK kinase kinase kinase
(MAPKKKK). Activation of JNK by MST1 leads to caspase
activation and apoptosis. MST1 has also been implicated
in cell proliferation and differentiation. Krs1 may
regulate cell growth arrest and apoptosis in response
to cellular stress.
Length = 256
Score = 31.9 bits (73), Expect = 0.030
Identities = 11/34 (32%), Positives = 18/34 (52%), Gaps = 1/34 (2%)
Query: 57 FVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLKMGS 89
+ KLG G +G V++ + T VAIK + +
Sbjct: 7 ILEKLGEGSYGSVYKAIHKETGQVVAIKVVPVEE 40
>gnl|CDD|173733 cd07829, STKc_CDK_like, Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent
protein Kinase-like Serine/Threonine Kinases.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Cyclin-Dependent
protein Kinase (CDK)-like subfamily, catalytic (c)
domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The CDK-like subfamily
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. CDKs belong to a large
family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate
cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of
cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal
function. CDKs are partly regulated by their
subcellular localization, which defines substrate
phosphorylation and the resulting specific function.
CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 have well-defined functions
in the cell cycle, such as the regulation of the early
G1 phase by CDK4 or CDK6, the G1/S phase transition by
CDK2, or the entry of mitosis by CDK1. They also
exhibit overlapping cyclin specificity and functions in
certain conditions. Knockout mice with a single CDK
deleted remain viable with specific phenotypes, showing
that some CDKs can compensate for each other. For
example, CDK4 can compensate for the loss of CDK6,
however, double knockout mice with both CDK4 and CDK6
deleted die in utero. CDK8 and CDK9 are mainly involved
in transcription while CDK5 is implicated in neuronal
function. CDK7 plays essential roles in both the cell
cycle as a CDK-Activating Kinase (CAK) and in
transcription as a component of the general
transcription factor TFIIH.
Length = 282
Score = 31.3 bits (72), Expect = 0.039
Identities = 10/32 (31%), Positives = 19/32 (59%), Gaps = 3/32 (9%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTT--PVAIKTLKM 87
+ KLG G +G V++ + T VA+K +++
Sbjct: 4 LEKLGEGTYGVVYKA-RDKKTGEIVALKKIRL 34
>gnl|CDD|173651 cd05095, PTKc_DDR2, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Discoidin Domain Receptor 2. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; mammalian Discoidin Domain
Receptor 2 (DDR2) and homologs; catalytic (c) domain.
The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. DDR2 is
a member of the DDR subfamily, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular discoidin
homology domain, a transmembrane segment, an extended
juxtamembrane region, and an intracellular catalytic
domain. The binding of the ligand, collagen, to DDRs
results in a slow but sustained receptor activation.
DDR2 binds mostly to fibrillar collagens. More
recently, it has been reported to also bind collagen X.
DDR2 is widely expressed in many tissues with the
highest levels found in skeletal muscle, skin, kidney
and lung. It is important in cell proliferation and
development. Mice, with a deletion of DDR2, suffer from
dwarfism and delayed healing of epidermal wounds. DDR2
also contributes to collagen (type I) regulation by
inhibiting fibrillogenesis and altering the morphology
of collagen fibers. It is also expressed in immature
dendritic cells (DCs), where it plays a role in DC
activation and function.
Length = 296
Score = 31.0 bits (70), Expect = 0.048
Identities = 13/21 (61%), Positives = 13/21 (61%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEV 69
E R L F KLG GQFGEV
Sbjct: 1 EFPRKRLTFKEKLGEGQFGEV 21
>gnl|CDD|132940 cd06609, STKc_MST3_like, Catalytic domain of Mammalian Ste20-like
protein kinase 3-like Protein Serine/Threonine Kinases.
Serine/threonine kinases (STKs), mammalian Ste20-like
protein kinase 3 (MST3)-like subfamily, catalytic (c)
domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The MST3-like subfamily
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. This subfamily is composed
of MST3, MST4, STK25, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Nak1
and Sid1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae sporulation-specific
protein 1 (SPS1), and related proteins. Nak1 is
required by fission yeast for polarizing the tips of
actin cytoskeleton and is involved in cell growth, cell
separation, cell morphology and cell-cycle progression.
Sid1 is a component in the septation initiation network
(SIN) signaling pathway, and plays a role in
cytokinesis. SPS1 plays a role in regulating proteins
required for spore wall formation. MST4 plays a role in
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling
during cytoskeletal rearrangement, morphogenesis, and
apoptosis. MST3 phosphorylates the STK NDR and may play
a role in cell cycle progression and cell morphology.
STK25 may play a role in the regulation of cell
migration and polarization.
Length = 274
Score = 30.7 bits (70), Expect = 0.076
Identities = 11/26 (42%), Positives = 15/26 (57%), Gaps = 1/26 (3%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIK 83
+G G FGEV++ + T VAIK
Sbjct: 7 ECIGKGSFGEVYKAIDKRTNQVVAIK 32
>gnl|CDD|143371 cd07866, STKc_BUR1, Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine
Kinase, Fungal Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase Bypass
UAS Requirement 1 and similar proteins.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Bypass UAS Requirement
1 (BUR1) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze
the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
BUR1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. CDKs belong to a large
family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate
cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of
cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal
function. BUR1, also called SGV1, is a yeast
Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase (CDK) that is
functionally equivalent to mammalian CDK9. It
associates with the cyclin BUR2. BUR genes were
orginally identified in a genetic screen as factors
involved in general transcription. The BUR1/BUR2
complex phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA
polymerase II. In addition, this complex regulates
histone modification by phosporylating Rad6 and
mediating the association of the Paf1 complex with
chromatin.
Length = 311
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.078
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 19/33 (57%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTLKM 87
+ + KLG G FGEV++ T VA+K + M
Sbjct: 11 EILGKLGEGTFGEVYKARQIKTGRVVALKKILM 43
>gnl|CDD|173656 cd05111, PTK_HER3, Pseudokinase domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, HER3. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
HER3 (ErbB3); pseudokinase domain. The PTKc (catalytic
domain) family to which this subfamily belongs, is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. HER3 is
a member of the EGFR (HER, ErbB) subfamily of proteins,
which are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular EGF-related ligand-binding region, a
transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic region with a
tyr kinase domain and a regulatory C-terminal tail.
Unlike other tyr kinases, phosphorylation of the
activation loop of EGFR proteins is not critical to
their activation. Instead, they are activated by
ligand-induced dimerization, leading to the
phosphorylation of tyr residues in the C-terminal tail,
which serve as binding sites for downstream signaling
molecules. HER3 binds the neuregulin ligands, NRG1 and
NRG2. HER3 contains an impaired tyr kinase domain and
relies on its heterodimerization partners for activity
following ligand binding. The HER2-HER3 heterodimer
constitutes a high affinity co-receptor capable of
potent mitogenic signaling. HER3 participates in a
signaling pathway involved in the proliferation,
survival, adhesion, and motility of tumor cells.
Length = 279
Score = 30.3 bits (68), Expect = 0.086
Identities = 16/37 (43%), Positives = 24/37 (64%), Gaps = 5/37 (13%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
L+ ++ LGSG FG V +G+W + PVAIKT++
Sbjct: 9 LRKLKLLGSGVFGTVHKGIWIPEGDSIKIPVAIKTIQ 45
>gnl|CDD|133227 cd05096, PTKc_DDR1, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Discoidin Domain Receptor 1. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; mammalian Discoidin Domain
Receptor 1 (DDR1) and homologs; catalytic (c) domain.
The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. DDR1 is
a member of the DDR subfamily, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular discoidin
homology domain, a transmembrane segment, an extended
juxtamembrane region, and an intracellular catalytic
domain. The binding of the ligand, collagen, to DDRs
results in a slow but sustained receptor activation.
DDR1 binds to all collagens tested to date (types
I-IV). It is widely expressed in many tissues. It is
abundant in the brain and is also found in
keratinocytes, colonic mucosa epithelium, lung
epithelium, thyroid follicles, and the islets of
Langerhans. During embryonic development, it is found
in the developing neuroectoderm. DDR1 is a key
regulator of cell morphogenesis, differentiation and
proliferation. It is important in the development of
the mammary gland, the vasculator and the kidney. DDR1
is also found in human leukocytes, where it facilitates
cell adhesion, migration, maturation, and cytokine
production.
Length = 304
Score = 30.3 bits (68), Expect = 0.092
Identities = 12/21 (57%), Positives = 13/21 (61%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEV 69
+ R L F KLG GQFGEV
Sbjct: 1 KFPRGHLLFKEKLGEGQFGEV 21
>gnl|CDD|173616 PTZ00426, PTZ00426, cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic
subunit; Provisional.
Length = 340
Score = 29.9 bits (67), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 24/52 (46%), Gaps = 2/52 (3%)
Query: 41 SHSTRDQWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTT--PVAIKTLKMGSI 90
+ + + ++ F+R LG+G FG V + N PVAIK + I
Sbjct: 18 TKEPKRKNKMKYEDFNFIRTLGTGSFGRVILATYKNEDFPPVAIKRFEKSKI 69
>gnl|CDD|173671 cd05580, STKc_PKA, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, cAMP-dependent protein kinase.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), cAMP-dependent
protein kinase (PKA) subfamily, catalytic (c) subunit.
STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl
group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein
substrates. The PKA subfamily is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). This
subfamily is composed of the cAMP-dependent proteins
kinases, PKA and PRKX. The inactive PKA holoenzyme is a
heterotetramer composed of two phosphorylated and
active catalytic (C) subunits with a dimer of
regulatory (R) subunits. Activation is achieved through
the binding of the important second messenger cAMP to
the R subunits, which leads to the dissociation of PKA
into the R dimer and two active C subunits. PKA is
present ubiquitously in cells and interacts with many
different downstream targets. It plays a role in the
regulation of diverse processes such as growth,
development, memory, metabolism, gene expression,
immunity, and lipolysis.
Length = 290
Score = 29.8 bits (68), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 10/35 (28%), Positives = 17/35 (48%), Gaps = 1/35 (2%)
Query: 53 NSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPV-AIKTLK 86
+ +F++ LG+G FG V + A+K L
Sbjct: 1 DDFEFIKTLGTGSFGRVMLVRHKGSGKYYALKILS 35
>gnl|CDD|133213 cd05082, PTKc_Csk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, C-terminal Src kinase. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; C-terminal Src kinase (Csk); catalytic
(c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. The Csk subfamily kinases are cytoplasmic
(or nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing the Src
homology domains, SH3 and SH2, N-terminal to the
catalytic tyr kinase domain. They negatively regulate
the activity of Src kinases that are anchored to the
plasma membrane. To inhibit Src kinases, Csk is
translocated to the membrane via binding to specific
transmembrane proteins, G-proteins, or adaptor proteins
near the membrane. Csk catalyzes the tyr
phosphorylation of the regulatory C-terminal tail of
Src kinases, resulting in their inactivation. Csk is
expressed in a wide variety of tissues. As a negative
regulator of Src, Csk plays a role in cell
proliferation, survival, and differentiation, and
consequently, in cancer development and progression. In
addition, Csk also shows Src-independent functions. It
is a critical component in G-protein signaling, and
plays a role in cytoskeletal reorganization and cell
migration.
Length = 256
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 0.16
Identities = 13/39 (33%), Positives = 23/39 (58%), Gaps = 1/39 (2%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
W ++ LK ++ +G G+FG+V G + VA+K +K
Sbjct: 1 WALNMKELKLLQTIGKGEFGDVMLGDYRGNK-VAVKCIK 38
>gnl|CDD|133229 cd05098, PTKc_FGFR1, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fibroblast Growth Factor
Receptor 1 (FGFR1); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. FGFR1 is
part of the FGFR subfamily, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with three immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding of FGFRs to their
ligands, the FGFs, results in receptor dimerization and
activation, and intracellular signaling. The binding of
FGFs to FGFRs is promiscuous, in that a receptor may be
activated by several ligands and a ligand may bind to
more that one type of receptor. Alternative splicing of
FGFR1 transcripts produces a variety of isoforms, which
are differentially expressed in cells. FGFR1 binds the
ligands, FGF1 and FGF2, with high affinity and has also
been reported to bind FGF4, FGF6, and FGF9. FGFR1
signaling is critical in the control of cell migration
during embryo development. It promotes cell
proliferation in fibroblasts. Nuclear FGFR1 plays a
role in the regulation of transcription. Mutations,
insertions or deletions of FGFR1 have been identified
in patients with Kallman's syndrome (KS), an inherited
disorder characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
and loss of olfaction. Aberrant FGFR1 expression has
been found in some human cancers including 8P11
myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS), breast cancer, and
pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Length = 307
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 0.19
Identities = 18/48 (37%), Positives = 25/48 (52%), Gaps = 8/48 (16%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVW--EGLW------NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
+WE+ R+ L + LG G FG+V E + N T VA+K LK
Sbjct: 12 RWEVPRDRLVLGKPLGEGCFGQVVMAEAIGLDKEKPNRVTKVAVKMLK 59
>gnl|CDD|173642 cd05075, PTKc_Axl, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Axl. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Axl; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Axl is a member of the
Axl subfamily, which is composed of receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with two immunoglobulin-like
domains followed by two fibronectin type III repeats, a
transmembrane segment, and an intracellular catalytic
domain. Binding to their ligands, Gas6 and protein S,
leads to receptor dimerization, autophosphorylation,
activation, and intracellular signaling. Axl is widely
expressed in a variety of organs and cells including
epithelial, mesenchymal, hematopoietic, as well as
non-transformed cells. Axl signaling is important in
many cellular functions such as survival,
anti-apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and adhesion.
Axl was originally isolated from patients with chronic
myelogenous leukemia and a chronic myeloproliferative
disorder. Axl is overexpressed in many human cancers
including colon, squamous cell, thyroid, breast, and
lung carcinomas.
Length = 272
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 0.19
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 19/33 (57%), Gaps = 3/33 (9%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNN---TTPVAIKTLKMG 88
+ LG G+FG V EG N VA+KT+K+
Sbjct: 5 KTLGEGEFGSVMEGQLNQDDSILKVAVKTMKIA 37
>gnl|CDD|173737 cd07834, STKc_MAPK, Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine
Kinase, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Mitogen-Activated
Protein Kinase (MAPK) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain.
STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl
group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein
substrates. The MAPK subfamily is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. MAPKs serve as
important mediators of cellular responses to
extracellular signals. They control critical cellular
functions including differentiation, proliferation,
migration, and apoptosis. They are also implicated in
the pathogenesis of many diseases including multiple
types of cancer, stroke, diabetes, and chronic
inflammation. Typical MAPK pathways involve a triple
kinase core cascade comprising of the MAPK, which is
phosphorylated and activated by a MAPK kinase (MAP2K or
MKK), which itself is phosphorylated and activated by a
MAPK kinase kinase (MAP3K or MKKK). Each cascade is
activated either by a small GTP-binding protein or by
an adaptor protein, which transmits the signal either
directly to a MAP3K to start the triple kinase core
cascade or indirectly through a mediator kinase, a
MAP4K. There are three main typical MAPK subfamilies:
Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK), c-Jun
N-terminal Kinase (JNK), and p38. Some MAPKs are
atypical in that they are not regulated by MAP2Ks.
These include MAPK4, MAPK6, NLK, and ERK7.
Length = 330
Score = 29.4 bits (67), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 16/29 (55%), Gaps = 1/29 (3%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIK 83
+ ++ +GSG +G V + T VAIK
Sbjct: 3 ELLKPIGSGAYGVVCSAVDKRTGRKVAIK 31
>gnl|CDD|173724 cd06606, STKc_MAPKKK, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Mitogen-Activated Protein
Kinase Kinase Kinase. Serine/threonine kinases (STKs),
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase
(MAPKKK) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze
the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
MAPKKK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. MAPKKKs (MKKKs or MAP3Ks)
are also called MAP/ERK kinase kinases (MEKKs) in some
cases. They phosphorylate and activate MAPK kinases
(MAPKKs or MKKs or MAP2Ks), which in turn phosphorylate
and activate MAPKs during signaling cascades that are
important in mediating cellular responses to
extracellular signals. This subfamily is composed of
the Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinases ASK1 (or
MAPKKK5) and ASK2 (or MAPKKK6), MEKK1, MEKK2, MEKK3,
MEKK4, as well as plant and fungal MAPKKKs. Also
included in this subfamily are the cell division
control proteins Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cdc7 and
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc15.
Length = 260
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 10/35 (28%), Positives = 18/35 (51%), Gaps = 1/35 (2%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKMGSID 91
LG G FG V+ L +T +A+K++++
Sbjct: 5 GELLGRGSFGSVYLALDKDTGELMAVKSVELSGDS 39
>gnl|CDD|173649 cd05093, PTKc_TrkB, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Tropomyosin Related Kinase B. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Tropomyosin Related Kinase B
(TrkB); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. TrkB is
a member of the Trk subfamily of proteins, which are
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
region with arrays of leucine-rich motifs flanked by
two cysteine-rich clusters followed by two
immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane segment,
and an intracellular catalytic domain. Binding of TrkB
to its ligands, brain-derived neurotrophic factor
(BDNF) or neurotrophin 4 (NT4), results in receptor
oligomerization and activation of the catalytic domain.
TrkB is broadly expressed in the nervous system and in
some non-neural tissues. It plays important roles in
cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
BDNF/Trk signaling plays a key role in regulating
activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. TrkB also
contributes to protection against gp120-induced
neuronal cell death. TrkB overexpression is associated
with poor prognosis in neuroblastoma (NB) and other
human cancers. It acts as a suppressor of anoikis
(detachment-induced apoptosis) and contributes to tumor
metastasis.
Length = 288
Score = 29.3 bits (65), Expect = 0.24
Identities = 18/46 (39%), Positives = 25/46 (54%), Gaps = 6/46 (13%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP------VAIKTLKMGS 89
I R+++ R+LG G FG+V+ N P VA+KTLK S
Sbjct: 2 IKRHNIVLKRELGEGAFGKVFLAECYNLCPEQDKILVAVKTLKDAS 47
>gnl|CDD|173672 cd05581, STKc_PDK1, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Phosphoinositide-dependent
kinase 1. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs),
Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) subfamily,
catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The PDK1 subfamily is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PDK1 carries an
N-terminal catalytic domain and a C-terminal pleckstrin
homology (PH) domain that binds phosphoinositides. It
phosphorylates the activation loop of AGC kinases that
are regulated by PI3K such as PKB, SGK, and PKC, among
others, and is crucial for their activation. Thus, it
contributes in regulating many processes including
metabolism, growth, proliferation, and survival. PDK1
also has the ability to autophosphorylate and is
constitutively active in mammalian cells. PDK1 is
essential for normal embryo development and is
important in regulating cell volume.
Length = 280
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 13/45 (28%), Positives = 17/45 (37%), Gaps = 7/45 (15%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIKTL------KMGSIDFV 93
KF + +G G F V T AIK L K + +V
Sbjct: 4 KFGKIIGEGSFSTVVLAKEKETNKEYAIKILDKRQLIKEKKVKYV 48
>gnl|CDD|132971 cd06640, STKc_MST4, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Mammalian Ste20-like protein
kinase 4. Serine/threonine kinases (STKs), mammalian
Ste20-like protein kinase 4 (MST4) subfamily, catalytic
(c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The MST4 subfamily is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. MST4 is sometimes referred
to as MASK (MST3 and SOK1-related kinase). It plays a
role in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
signaling during cytoskeletal rearrangement,
morphogenesis, and apoptosis. It influences cell growth
and transformation by modulating the extracellular
signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. MST4 may also
play a role in tumor formation and progression. It
localizes in the Golgi apparatus by interacting with
the Golgi matrix protein GM130 and may play a role in
cell migration.
Length = 277
Score = 28.9 bits (64), Expect = 0.33
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 20/29 (68%), Gaps = 1/29 (3%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKM 87
++G G FGEV++G+ N T VAIK + +
Sbjct: 11 RIGKGSFGEVFKGIDNRTQQVVAIKIIDL 39
>gnl|CDD|173645 cd05084, PTKc_Fes, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Fes. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fes
(or Fps) kinase subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Fes
subfamily proteins are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases containing an N-terminal region with FCH
(Fes/Fer/CIP4 homology) and coiled-coil domains,
followed by a SH2 domain, and a C-terminal catalytic
domain. The genes for Fes (feline sarcoma) and Fps
(Fujinami poultry sarcoma) were first isolated from
tumor-causing retroviruses. The viral oncogenes encode
chimeric Fes proteins consisting of Gag sequences at
the N-termini, resulting in unregulated tyr kinase
activity. Fes kinase is expressed in myeloid, vascular
endothelial, epithelial, and neuronal cells. It plays
important roles in cell growth and differentiation,
angiogenesis, inflammation and immunity, and
cytoskeletal regulation. A recent study implicates Fes
kinase as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer.
Length = 252
Score = 28.8 bits (64), Expect = 0.34
Identities = 13/28 (46%), Positives = 20/28 (71%), Gaps = 1/28 (3%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEG-LWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
++G G FGEV+ G L + TPVA+K+ +
Sbjct: 2 RIGRGNFGEVFSGRLRADNTPVAVKSCR 29
>gnl|CDD|132949 cd06618, PKc_MKK7, Catalytic domain of the dual-specificity
Protein Kinase, MAP kinase kinase 7. Protein kinases
(PKs), MAP kinase kinase 7 (MKK7) subfamily, catalytic
(c) domain. PKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine or
tyrosine residues on protein substrates. The MKK7
subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other protein serine/threonine
kinases, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases,
aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. The mitogen-activated
protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways are important
mediators of cellular responses to extracellular
signals. The pathways involve a triple kinase core
cascade comprising the MAP kinase (MAPK), which is
phosphorylated and activated by a MAPK kinase (MAPKK or
MKK), which itself is phosphorylated and activated by a
MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK or MKKK). MKK7 is a
dual-specificity PK that phosphorylates and activates
its downstream target, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK),
on specific threonine and tyrosine residues. Although
MKK7 is capable of dual phosphorylation, it prefers to
phosphorylate the threonine residue of JNK. Thus,
optimal activation of JNK requires both MKK4 (not
included in this subfamily) and MKK7. MKK7 is primarily
activated by cytokines. MKK7 is essential for liver
formation during embryogenesis. It plays roles in G2/M
cell cycle arrest and cell growth. In addition, it is
involved in the control of programmed cell death, which
is crucial in oncogenesis, cancer chemoresistance, and
antagonism to TNFalpha-induced killing, through its
inhibition by Gadd45beta and the subsequent suppression
of the JNK cascade.
Length = 296
Score = 28.9 bits (65), Expect = 0.34
Identities = 12/44 (27%), Positives = 25/44 (56%), Gaps = 1/44 (2%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPV-AIKTLKMGS 89
++ D N L+ + ++GSG G+V++ + T V A+K ++
Sbjct: 9 KYPADLNDLENLGEIGSGTCGQVYKMRFKKTGHVMAVKQMRRTG 52
>gnl|CDD|133167 cd05035, PTKc_Axl_like, Catalytic Domain of Axl-like Protein
Tyrosine Kinases. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Axl subfamily; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The Axl subfamily
consists of Axl, Tyro3 (or Sky), Mer (or Mertk), and
similar proteins. PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Axl subfamily members
are receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular ligand-binding region with two
immunoglobulin-like domains followed by two fibronectin
type III repeats, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. Binding to their
ligands, Gas6 and protein S, leads to receptor
dimerization, autophosphorylation, activation, and
intracellular signaling. Axl subfamily members are
implicated in a variety of cellular effects including
survival, proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis.
They are also associated with several types of cancer
as well as inflammatory, autoimmune, vascular, and
kidney diseases. Mer is named after its original
reported expression pattern (monocytes, epithelial, and
reproductive tissues). It is required for the ingestion
of apoptotic cells by phagocytes such as macrophages,
retinal pigment epithelial cells, and dendritic cells.
Mer is also important in maintaining immune
homeostasis.
Length = 273
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.40
Identities = 15/37 (40%), Positives = 23/37 (62%), Gaps = 4/37 (10%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN--NTTP--VAIKTLKM 87
LK + LG G+FG V EG + + + VA+KT+K+
Sbjct: 1 LKLGKILGEGEFGSVMEGQLSQDDGSQLKVAVKTMKL 37
>gnl|CDD|132972 cd06641, STKc_MST3, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Mammalian Ste20-like protein
kinase 3. Serine/threonine kinases (STKs), mammalian
Ste20-like protein kinase 3 (MST3) subfamily, catalytic
(c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The MST3 subfamily is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. MST3 phosphorylates the STK
NDR and may play a role in cell cycle progression and
cell morphology. It may also regulate paxillin and
consequently, cell migration. MST3 is present in human
placenta, where it plays an essential role in the
oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of trophoblasts in
normal spontaneous delivery. Dysregulation of
trophoblast apoptosis may result in pregnancy
complications such as preeclampsia and intrauterine
growth retardation.
Length = 277
Score = 28.5 bits (63), Expect = 0.46
Identities = 14/31 (45%), Positives = 21/31 (67%), Gaps = 1/31 (3%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKM 87
+ K+G G FGEV++G+ N T VAIK + +
Sbjct: 9 LEKIGKGSFGEVFKGIDNRTQKVVAIKIIDL 39
>gnl|CDD|133212 cd05081, PTKc_Jak2_Jak3_rpt2, Catalytic (repeat 2) domain of the
Protein Tyrosine Kinases, Janus kinases 2 and 3.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Janus kinase 2
(Jak2) and Jak3; catalytic (c) domain (repeat 2). The
PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as
protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Jak2 and
Jak3 are members of the Janus kinase (Jak) subfamily of
proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases containing an N-terminal FERM domain, followed
by a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a pseudokinase
domain, and a C-terminal catalytic tyr kinase domain.
Jaks are crucial for cytokine receptor signaling. They
are activated by autophosphorylation upon
cytokine-induced receptor aggregation, and subsequently
trigger downstream signaling events such as the
phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of
transcription (STATs). Jak2 is widely expressed in many
tissues while Jak3 is expressed only in hematopoietic
cells. Jak2 is essential for the signaling of
hormone-like cytokines such as growth hormone,
erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, and prolactin, as well
as some IFNs and cytokines that signal through the IL-3
and gp130 receptors. Jak3 binds the shared receptor
subunit common gamma chain and thus, is essential in
the signaling of cytokines that use it such as IL-2,
IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. Disruption of Jak2
in mice results in an embryonic lethal phenotype with
multiple defects including erythropoietic and cardiac
abnormalities. It is the only Jak gene that results in
a lethal phenotype when disrupted in mice. A mutation
in the pseudokinase domain of Jak2, V617F, is present
in many myeloproliferative diseases, including almost
all patients with polycythemia vera, and 50% of
patients with essential thrombocytosis and
myelofibrosis. Jak3 is important in lymphoid
development and myeloid cell differentiation.
Inactivating mutations in Jak3 have been reported in
humans with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
Length = 284
Score = 28.2 bits (63), Expect = 0.50
Identities = 16/40 (40%), Positives = 25/40 (62%), Gaps = 5/40 (12%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEV----WEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKMGS 89
LKF+++LG G FG V ++ L +NT VA+K L+ +
Sbjct: 6 LKFIQQLGKGNFGSVELCRYDPLQDNTGEVVAVKKLQHST 45
>gnl|CDD|173650 cd05094, PTKc_TrkC, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Tropomyosin Related Kinase C. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Tropomyosin Related Kinase C
(TrkC); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. TrkC is
a member of the Trk subfamily of proteins, which are
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
region with arrays of leucine-rich motifs flanked by
two cysteine-rich clusters followed by two
immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane segment,
and an intracellular catalytic domain. Binding of TrkC
to its ligand, neurotrophin 3 (NT3), results in
receptor oligomerization and activation of the
catalytic domain. TrkC is broadly expressed in the
nervous system and in some non-neural tissues including
the developing heart. NT3/TrkC signaling plays an
important role in the innervation of the cardiac
conducting system and the development of smooth muscle
cells. Mice deficient with NT3 and TrkC have multiple
heart defects. NT3/TrkC signaling is also critical for
the development and maintenance of enteric neurons that
are important for the control of gut peristalsis.
Length = 291
Score = 28.0 bits (62), Expect = 0.54
Identities = 16/43 (37%), Positives = 22/43 (51%), Gaps = 6/43 (13%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP------VAIKTLK 86
I R + R+LG G FG+V+ N +P VA+K LK
Sbjct: 2 IKRRDIVLKRELGEGAFGKVFLAECYNLSPTKDKMLVAVKALK 44
>gnl|CDD|143333 cd05118, STKc_CMGC, Catalytic domain of CMGC family
Serine/Threonine Kinases. Serine/Threonine Kinases
(STKs), CMGC family, catalytic (c) domain. STKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein
substrates. The CMGC family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. The CMGC family
consists of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinases (CDKs),
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs), c-Jun
N-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38, and similar
proteins. CDKs belong to a large subfamily of STKs that
are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they
are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression,
transcription, and neuronal function. MAPKs serve as
important mediators of cellular responses to
extracellular signals. They control critical cellular
functions including differentiation, proliferation,
migration, and apoptosis. They are also implicated in
the pathogenesis of many diseases including multiple
types of cancer, stroke, diabetes, and chronic
inflammation.
Length = 283
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.62
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 18/32 (56%), Gaps = 1/32 (3%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKMG 88
+ K+G G +G V++ T VAIK +K+
Sbjct: 4 LGKIGEGTYGVVYKARDKLTGEIVAIKKIKLR 35
>gnl|CDD|132973 cd06642, STKc_STK25-YSK1, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, STK25 or Yeast
Sps1/Ste20-related kinase 1. Serine/threonine kinases
(STKs), STK25 subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein
substrates. The STK25 subfamily is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. STK25 is also
called Ste20/oxidant stress response kinase 1 (SOK1) or
yeast Sps1/Ste20-related kinase 1 (YSK1). STK25 is
localized in the Golgi apparatus through its
interaction with the Golgi matrix protein GM130. It may
play a role in the regulation of cell migration and
polarization. STK25 binds and phosphorylates CCM3
(cerebral cavernous malformation 3), also called PCD10
(programmed cell death 10), and may play a role in
apoptosis. Human STK25 is a candidate gene responsible
for pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP), a disease
that shares features with the Albright hereditary
osteodystrophy (AHO) phenotype.
Length = 277
Score = 27.7 bits (61), Expect = 0.72
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 20/29 (68%), Gaps = 1/29 (3%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKM 87
++G G FGEV++G+ N T VAIK + +
Sbjct: 11 RIGKGSFGEVYKGIDNRTKEVVAIKIIDL 39
>gnl|CDD|173644 cd05079, PTKc_Jak1_rpt2, Catalytic (repeat 2) domain of the
Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Janus kinase 1. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Janus kinase 1 (Jak1);
catalytic (c) domain (repeat 2). The PTKc family is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Jak1 is
a member of the Janus kinase (Jak) subfamily of
proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases containing an N-terminal FERM domain, followed
by a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a pseudokinase
domain, and a C-terminal tyr kinase domain. Jaks are
crucial for cytokine receptor signaling. They are
activated by autophosphorylation upon cytokine-induced
receptor aggregation, and subsequently trigger
downstream signaling events such as the phosphorylation
of signal transducers and activators of transcription
(STATs). Jak1 is widely expressed in many tissues. Many
cytokines are dependent on Jak1 for signaling,
including those that use the shared receptor subunits
common gamma chain (IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15,
IL-21) and gp130 (IL-6, IL-11, oncostatin M, G-CSF, and
IFNs, among others). The many varied interactions of
Jak1 and its ubiquitous expression suggest many
biological roles. Jak1 is important in neurological
development, as well as in lymphoid development and
function. It also plays a role in the pathophysiology
of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. A mutation in
the ATP-binding site of Jak1 was identified in a human
uterine leiomyosarcoma cell line, resulting in
defective cytokine induction and antigen presentation,
thus allowing the tumor to evade the immune system.
Length = 284
Score = 27.6 bits (61), Expect = 0.74
Identities = 17/40 (42%), Positives = 24/40 (60%), Gaps = 5/40 (12%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEV----WEGLWNNTTP-VAIKTLKMGS 89
LK +R LG G FG+V ++ +NT VA+K+LK S
Sbjct: 6 LKRIRDLGEGHFGKVELCRYDPEGDNTGEQVAVKSLKPES 45
>gnl|CDD|223216 COG0138, PurH, AICAR transformylase/IMP cyclohydrolase PurH (only
IMP cyclohydrolase domain in Aful) [Nucleotide transport
and metabolism].
Length = 515
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 0.75
Identities = 13/27 (48%), Positives = 14/27 (51%)
Query: 34 KPVTGGLSHSTRDQWEIDRNSLKFVRK 60
K V+GGL RD ID LK V K
Sbjct: 366 KRVSGGLLVQERDDGMIDEAELKVVTK 392
>gnl|CDD|173652 cd05100, PTKc_FGFR3, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fibroblast Growth Factor
Receptor 3 (FGFR3); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. FGFR3 is
part of the FGFR subfamily, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with three immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding of FGFRs to their
ligands, the FGFs, results in receptor dimerization and
activation, and intracellular signaling. The binding of
FGFs to FGFRs is promiscuous, in that a receptor may be
activated by several ligands and a ligand may bind to
more that one type of receptor. Many FGFR3 splice
variants have been reported with the IIIb and IIIc
isoforms being the predominant forms. FGFR3 IIIc is the
isoform expressed in chondrocytes, the cells affected
in dwarfism, while IIIb is expressed in epithelial
cells. FGFR3 ligands include FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, FGF8,
FGF9, and FGF23. It is a negative regulator of long
bone growth. In the cochlear duct and in the lens,
FGFR3 is involved in differentiation while it appears
to have a role in cell proliferation in epithelial
cells. Germline mutations in FGFR3 are associated with
skeletal disorders including several forms of dwarfism.
Some missense mutations are associated with multiple
myeloma and carcinomas of the bladder and cervix.
Overexpression of FGFR3 is found in thyroid carcinoma.
Length = 334
Score = 27.7 bits (61), Expect = 0.79
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 24/53 (45%), Gaps = 8/53 (15%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVW--------EGLWNNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
+WE+ R L + LG G FG+V + N VA+K LK + D
Sbjct: 6 KWELSRTRLTLGKPLGEGCFGQVVMAEAIGIDKDKPNKPVTVAVKMLKDDATD 58
>gnl|CDD|173755 cd08215, STKc_Nek, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Never In Mitosis gene
A-related kinase. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs),
Never In Mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase (Nek)
family, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
Nek family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. The Nek family is composed
of 11 different mammalian members (Nek1-11) with
similarity to the catalytic domain of Aspergillus
nidulans NIMA kinase, the founding member of the Nek
family which was identified in a screen for cell cycle
mutants that were prevented from entering mitosis. Neks
contain a conserved N-terminal catalytic domain and a
more divergent C-terminal regulatory region of various
sizes and structures. They are involved in the
regulation of downstream processes following the
activation of Cdc2, and many of their functions are
cell cycle-related. They play critical roles in
microtubule dynamics during ciliogenesis and mitosis.
Length = 258
Score = 27.5 bits (62), Expect = 0.83
Identities = 5/13 (38%), Positives = 11/13 (84%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVW 70
++++G G FG+V+
Sbjct: 5 IKQIGKGSFGKVY 17
>gnl|CDD|173747 cd07852, STKc_MAPK15, Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine
Kinase, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 15.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Mitogen-Activated
Protein Kinase 15 (MAPK15) subfamily, catalytic (c)
domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The MAPK15 subfamily is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. MAPKs are important
mediators of cellular responses to extracellular
signals. Human MAPK15 is also called Extracellular
signal Regulated Kinase 8 (ERK8) while the rat protein
is called ERK7. ERK7 and ERK8 display both similar and
different biochemical properties. They
autophosphorylate and activate themselves and do not
require upstream activating kinases. ERK7 is
constitutively active and is not affected by
extracellular stimuli whereas ERK8 shows low basal
activity and is activated by DNA-damaging agents. ERK7
and ERK8 also have different substrate profiles. Genome
analysis shows that they are orthologs with similar
gene structures. ERK7 and ERK 8 may be involved in the
signaling of some nuclear receptor transcription
factors. ERK7 regulates hormone-dependent degradation
of estrogen receptor alpha while ERK8 down-regulates
the transcriptional co-activation androgen and
glucocorticoid receptors.
Length = 337
Score = 27.5 bits (62), Expect = 0.92
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 23/38 (60%), Gaps = 4/38 (10%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLK---FVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNT-TPVAIK 83
ID++ L+ ++KLG G +G VW+ + T VA+K
Sbjct: 1 IDKHILRKYEILQKLGKGAYGIVWKAIDRRTKEVVALK 38
>gnl|CDD|214518 smart00105, ArfGap, Putative GTP-ase activating proteins for the
small GTPase, ARF. Putative zinc fingers with GTPase
activating proteins (GAPs) towards the small GTPase,
Arf. The GAP of ARD1 stimulates GTPase hydrolysis for
ARD1 but not ARFs.
Length = 119
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 8/32 (25%), Positives = 13/32 (40%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 42 HSTRDQWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGL 73
T D W L+ ++K G+ +WE
Sbjct: 52 SLTLDTWT--EEELRLLQKGGNENANSIWESN 81
>gnl|CDD|173769 cd08229, STKc_Nek7, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Never In Mitosis gene
A-related kinase 7. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs),
Never In Mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase 7 (Nek7)
subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
Nek7 subfamily is one of a family of 11 different Neks
(Nek1-11) that are involved in cell cycle control. The
Nek family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Nek7 is required for mitotic
spindle formation and cytokinesis. It is enriched in
the centrosome and is critical for microtubule
nucleation. Nek7 is activated by Nek9 during mitosis,
and may regulate the p70 ribosomal S6 kinase.
Length = 267
Score = 26.9 bits (59), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 11/30 (36%), Positives = 19/30 (63%), Gaps = 1/30 (3%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN-NTTPVAIKTLKM 87
+K+G GQF EV+ + PVA+K +++
Sbjct: 8 KKIGRGQFSEVYRATCLLDGVPVALKKVQI 37
>gnl|CDD|133247 cd05116, PTKc_Syk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Spleen tyrosine kinase. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Syk, together with
Zap-70, form the Syk subfamily of kinases which are
cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing two
Src homology 2 (SH2) domains N-terminal to the
catalytic tyr kinase domain. Syk was first cloned from
the spleen, and its function in hematopoietic cells is
well-established. Syk is involved in the signaling
downstream of activated receptors (including B-cell and
Fc receptors) that contain ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyr
activation motifs), leading to processes such as cell
proliferation, differentiation, survival, adhesion,
migration, and phagocytosis. More recently, Syk
expression has been detected in other cell types
(including epithelial cells, vascular endothelial
cells, neurons, hepatocytes, and melanocytes),
suggesting a variety of biological functions in
non-immune cells. Syk plays a critical role in
maintaining vascular integrity and in wound healing
during embryogenesis. It also regulates Vav3, which is
important in osteoclast function including bone
development. In breast epithelial cells, where Syk acts
as a negative regulator for epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR) signaling, loss of Syk expression is
associated with abnormal proliferation during cancer
development suggesting a potential role as a tumor
suppressor. In mice, Syk has been shown to inhibit
malignant transformation of mammary epithelial cells
induced with murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV).
Length = 257
Score = 26.8 bits (59), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 13/30 (43%), Positives = 19/30 (63%), Gaps = 3/30 (10%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN---NTTPVAIKTLK 86
+LGSG FG V +G++ + VA+K LK
Sbjct: 2 ELGSGNFGTVKKGMYKMKKSEKTVAVKILK 31
>gnl|CDD|133221 cd05090, PTKc_Ror1, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Receptor tyrosine kinase-like Orphan Receptor
1. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Receptor
tyrosine kinase-like Orphan Receptor 1 (Ror1);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Ror proteins are orphan
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
region with immunoglobulin-like, cysteine-rich, and
kringle domains, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. Ror RTKs are unrelated
to the nuclear receptor subfamily called
retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs). RTKs are
usually activated through ligand binding, which causes
dimerization and autophosphorylation of the
intracellular tyr kinase catalytic domain. Ror kinases
are expressed in many tissues during development. Avian
Ror1 was found to be involved in late limb development.
Studies in mice reveal that Ror1 is important in the
regulation of neurite growth in central neurons, as
well as in respiratory development. Loss of Ror1 also
enhances the heart and skeletal abnormalities found in
Ror2-deficient mice.
Length = 283
Score = 26.9 bits (59), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 15/43 (34%), Positives = 29/43 (67%), Gaps = 5/43 (11%)
Query: 49 EIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEG-LW----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
E+ ++++F+ +LG FG++++G L+ ++ VAIKTLK
Sbjct: 1 ELPLSAVRFMEELGECAFGKIYKGHLYLPGMDHAQLVAIKTLK 43
>gnl|CDD|133211 cd05080, PTKc_Tyk2_rpt2, Catalytic (repeat 2) domain of the
Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Tyrosine kinase 2. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2);
catalytic (c) domain (repeat 2). The PTKc family is
part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Tyk2 is
a member of the Janus kinase (Jak) subfamily of
proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr
kinases containing an N-terminal FERM domain, followed
by a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a pseudokinase
domain, and a C-terminal tyr kinase catalytic domain.
Jaks are crucial for cytokine receptor signaling. They
are activated by autophosphorylation upon
cytokine-induced receptor aggregation, and subsequently
trigger downstream signaling events such as the
phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of
transcription (STATs). Tyk2 is widely expressed in many
tissues. It is involved in signaling via the cytokine
receptors IFN-alphabeta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, and
IL-23. It mediates cell surface urokinase receptor
(uPAR) signaling and plays a role in modulating
vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) functional behavior
in response to injury. Tyk2 is also important in
dendritic cell function and T helper (Th)1 cell
differentiation. A homozygous mutation of Tyk2 was
found in a patient with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES), a
primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent
skin abscesses, pneumonia, and elevated serum IgE. This
suggests that Tyk2 may play important roles in multiple
cytokine signaling involved in innate and adaptive
immunity.
Length = 283
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 2.2
Identities = 18/41 (43%), Positives = 23/41 (56%), Gaps = 9/41 (21%)
Query: 55 LKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW-----NNTTP--VAIKTLKMG 88
LK +R LG G FG+V L+ N+ T VA+KTLK
Sbjct: 6 LKKIRVLGEGHFGKV--SLYCYDPANDGTGEMVAVKTLKRE 44
>gnl|CDD|143345 cd07840, STKc_CDK9_like, Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent
protein Kinase 9-like Serine/Threonine Kinases.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Cyclin-Dependent
protein Kinase 9 (CDK9)-like subfamily, catalytic (c)
domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine
residues on protein substrates. The CDK9-like subfamily
is part of a larger superfamily that includes the
catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein
tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. CDKs belong to a large
family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate
cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of
cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal
function. This subfamily is composed of CDK9 and CDK12
from higher eukaryotes, yeast BUR1, C-type plant CDKs
(CdkC), and similar proteins. CDK9, BUR1, and CdkC are
functionally equivalent. They act as a kinase for the
C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and participate
in regulating mutliple steps of gene expression
including transcription elongation and RNA processing.
CDK9 and CdkC associate with T-type cyclins while BUR1
associates with the cyclin BUR2. CDK12 is a unique CDK
that contains an arginine/serine-rich (RS) domain,
which is predominantly found in splicing factors. CDK12
interacts with cyclins L1 and L2, and participates in
regulating transcription and alternative splicing.
Length = 287
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 10/32 (31%), Positives = 20/32 (62%), Gaps = 3/32 (9%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTT--PVAIKTLKM 87
+ ++G G +G+V++ N T VA+K ++M
Sbjct: 4 IAQIGEGTYGQVYKAR-NKKTGELVALKKIRM 34
>gnl|CDD|133232 cd05101, PTKc_FGFR2, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fibroblast Growth Factor
Receptor 2 (FGFR2); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. FGFR2 is
part of the FGFR subfamily, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with three immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding of FGFRs to their
ligands, the FGFs, results in receptor dimerization and
activation, and intracellular signaling. The binding of
FGFs to FGFRs is promiscuous, in that a receptor may be
activated by several ligands and a ligand may bind to
more that one type of receptor. There are many splice
variants of FGFR2 which show differential expression
and binding to FGF ligands. Disruption of either FGFR2
or FGFR2b is lethal in mice, due to defects in the
placenta or severe impairment of tissue development
including lung, limb, and thyroid, respectively.
Disruption of FGFR2c in mice results in defective bone
and skull development. Genetic alterations of FGFR2 are
associated with many human skeletal disorders including
Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Jackson-Weiss
syndrome, and Pfeiffer syndrome.
Length = 304
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 10/23 (43%), Positives = 14/23 (60%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEV 69
+WE R+ L + LG G FG+V
Sbjct: 9 RWEFSRDKLTLGKPLGEGCFGQV 31
>gnl|CDD|173768 cd08228, STKc_Nek6, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Never In Mitosis gene
A-related kinase 6. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs),
Never In Mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase 6 (Nek6)
subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
Nek6 subfamily is one of a family of 11 different Neks
(Nek1-11) that are involved in cell cycle control. The
Nek family is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Nek6 is required for the
transition from metaphase to anaphase. It also plays
important roles in mitotic spindle formation and
cytokinesis. Activated by Nek9 during mitosis, Nek6
phosphorylates Eg5, a kinesin that is important for
spindle bipolarity. Nek6 localizes to spindle
microtubules during metaphase and anaphase, and to the
midbody during cytokinesis.
Length = 267
Score = 26.1 bits (57), Expect = 2.4
Identities = 11/35 (31%), Positives = 21/35 (60%), Gaps = 1/35 (2%)
Query: 54 SLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWN-NTTPVAIKTLKM 87
+ + +K+G GQF EV+ + PVA+K +++
Sbjct: 3 NFQIEKKIGRGQFSEVYRATCLLDRKPVALKKVQI 37
>gnl|CDD|234569 PRK00007, PRK00007, elongation factor G; Reviewed.
Length = 693
Score = 26.2 bits (59), Expect = 2.5
Identities = 8/16 (50%), Positives = 11/16 (68%), Gaps = 1/16 (6%)
Query: 56 KFVRKL-GSGQFGEVW 70
KFV++ G GQ+G V
Sbjct: 496 KFVKQSGGRGQYGHVV 511
>gnl|CDD|133178 cd05046, PTK_CCK4, Pseudokinase domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Colon Carcinoma Kinase 4. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Colon Carcinoma Kinase 4 (CCK4);
pseudokinase domain. The PTKc (catalytic domain)
family, to which this subfamily belongs, includes the
catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. CCK4,
also called protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7), is an
orphan receptor tyr kinase (RTK) containing an
extracellular region with seven immunoglobulin domains,
a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular inactive
pseudokinase domain. Studies in mice reveal that CCK4
is essential for neural development. Mouse embryos
containing a truncated CCK4 die perinatally and display
craniorachischisis, a severe form of neural tube
defect. The mechanism of action of the CCK4
pseudokinase is still unknown. Other pseudokinases such
as HER3 rely on the activity of partner RTKs.
Length = 275
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 2.7
Identities = 13/40 (32%), Positives = 20/40 (50%), Gaps = 6/40 (15%)
Query: 52 RNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEG------LWNNTTPVAIKTL 85
R++L+ + LG G+FGEV+ T V +K L
Sbjct: 4 RSNLQEITTLGRGEFGEVFLAKAKGIEEEGGETLVLVKAL 43
>gnl|CDD|173764 cd08224, STKc_Nek6_Nek7, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinases, Never In Mitosis gene
A-related kinase 6 and 7. Serine/Threonine Kinases
(STKs), Never In Mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase 6
(Nek6) and Nek7 subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein
substrates. The Nek6/7 subfamily is part of a family of
11 different Neks (Nek1-11) that are involved in cell
cycle control. The Nek family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Nek6 and Nek7
are the shortest Neks, consisting only of the catalytic
domain and a very short N-terminal extension. They show
distinct expression patterns and both appear to be
downstream substrates of Nek9. They are required for
mitotic spindle formation and cytokinesis. They may
also be regulators of the p70 ribosomal S6 kinase.
Length = 267
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 10/31 (32%), Positives = 19/31 (61%), Gaps = 3/31 (9%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEG--LWNNTTPVAIKTLKM 87
+K+G GQF V++ L + VA+K +++
Sbjct: 8 KKIGKGQFSVVYKAICLLDG-RVVALKKVQI 37
>gnl|CDD|133230 cd05099, PTKc_FGFR4, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4. Protein
Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family; Fibroblast Growth Factor
Receptor 4 (FGFR4); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc
family is part of a larger superfamily that includes
the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. FGFR4 is
part of the FGFR subfamily, which are receptor tyr
kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
ligand-binding region with three immunoglobulin-like
domains, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular
catalytic domain. The binding of FGFRs to their
ligands, the FGFs, results in receptor dimerization and
activation, and intracellular signaling. The binding of
FGFs to FGFRs is promiscuous, in that a receptor may be
activated by several ligands and a ligand may bind to
more that one type of receptor. Unlike other FGFRs,
there is only one splice form of FGFR4. It binds FGF1,
FGF2, FGF6, FGF19, and FGF23. FGF19 is a selective
ligand for FGFR4. Although disruption of FGFR4 in mice
causes no obvious phenotype, in vivo inhibition of
FGFR4 in cultured skeletal muscle cells resulted in an
arrest of muscle progenitor differentiation. FGF6 and
FGFR4 are uniquely expressed in myofibers and satellite
cells. FGF6/FGFR4 signaling appears to play a key role
in the regulation of muscle regeneration. A
polymorphism in FGFR4 is found in head and neck
squamous cell carcinoma.
Length = 314
Score = 25.7 bits (56), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 25/53 (47%), Gaps = 8/53 (15%)
Query: 47 QWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEV-------WEGLW-NNTTPVAIKTLKMGSID 91
+WE R+ L + LG G FG+V + + T VA+K LK + D
Sbjct: 6 KWEFPRDRLVLGKPLGEGCFGQVVRAEAYGIDKSRPDQTVTVAVKMLKDNATD 58
>gnl|CDD|133246 cd05115, PTKc_Zap-70, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Zeta-chain-associated protein of 70kDa.
Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Zeta-chain-associated protein of 70kDa (Zap-70);
catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine
kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K). PTKs catalyze the transfer of the
gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr)
residues in protein substrates. Zap-70 is a member of
the Syk subfamily of kinases, which are cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing two Src homology 2
(SH2) domains N-terminal to the catalytic tyr kinase
domain. Zap-70 is primarily expressed in T-cells and NK
cells, and is a crucial component in T-cell receptor
(TCR) signaling. Zap-70 binds the phosphorylated ITAM
(immunoreceptor tyr activation motif) sequences of the
activated TCR zeta-chain through its SH2 domains,
leading to its phosphorylation and activation. It then
phosphorylates target proteins, which propagate the
signals to downstream pathways. Zap-70 is hardly
detected in normal peripheral B-cells, but is present
in some B-cell malignancies. It is used as a diagnostic
marker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as it is
associated with the more aggressive subtype of the
disease.
Length = 257
Score = 25.7 bits (56), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 19/33 (57%), Gaps = 3/33 (9%)
Query: 60 KLGSGQFGEVWEGLW---NNTTPVAIKTLKMGS 89
+LGSG FG V +G++ VAIK LK +
Sbjct: 2 ELGSGNFGCVKKGVYKMRKKQIDVAIKVLKNEN 34
>gnl|CDD|133175 cd05043, PTK_Ryk, Pseudokinase domain of Ryk (Receptor related to
tyrosine kinase). Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK)
family; Receptor related to tyrosine kinase (Ryk);
pseudokinase domain. The PTKc (catalytic domain) family
to which this subfamily belongs, is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. Ryk is a receptor tyr kinase (RTK)
containing an extracellular region with two
leucine-rich motifs, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular inactive pseudokinase domain. The
extracellular region of Ryk shows homology to the
N-terminal domain of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF) and
serves as the ligand (Wnt) binding domain of Ryk. Ryk
is expressed in many different tissues both during
development and in adults, suggesting a widespread
function. It acts as a chemorepulsive axon guidance
receptor of Wnt glycoproteins and is responsible for
the establishment of axon tracts during the development
of the central nervous system. In addition, studies in
mice reveal that Ryk is essential in skeletal,
craniofacial, and cardiac development. Thus, it appears
Ryk is involved in signal transduction despite its lack
of kinase activity. Ryk may function as an accessory
protein that modulates the signals coming from
catalytically active partner RTKs such as the Eph
receptors.
Length = 280
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 3.7
Identities = 9/31 (29%), Positives = 16/31 (51%), Gaps = 5/31 (16%)
Query: 64 GQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP-----VAIKTLKMGS 89
G FG ++ G+ + P V +KT+K +
Sbjct: 17 GTFGRIFYGILIDEKPGKEEEVFVKTVKDHA 47
>gnl|CDD|132963 cd06632, STKc_MEKK1_plant, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Plant MAP/ERK kinase kinase 1.
Serine/threonine kinases (STKs), plant MAP/ERK kinase
kinase 1 (MEKK1)-like subfamily, catalytic (c) domain.
STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl
group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein
substrates. The plant MEKK1 subfamily is part of a
larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains
of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO
kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline
kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. This subfamily
is composed of plant mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) kinase kinases (MAPKKKs or MKKKs or MAP3Ks)
including Arabidopsis thaliana MEKK1 and MAPKKK3. MEKK1
is a MAPKKK that phosphorylates and activates MAPK
kinases (MAPKKs or MKKs or MAP2Ks), which in turn
phosphorylate and activate MAPKs during signaling
cascades that are important in mediating cellular
responses to extracellular signals. Arabidopsis
thaliana MEKK1 activates MPK4, a MAPK that regulates
systemic acquired resistance. MEKK1 also participates
in the regulation of temperature-sensitive and
tissue-specific cell death.
Length = 258
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 3.8
Identities = 12/33 (36%), Positives = 16/33 (48%), Gaps = 3/33 (9%)
Query: 61 LGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP--VAIKTLKMGSID 91
LGSG FG V+EG N A+K + +
Sbjct: 8 LGSGSFGSVYEG-LNLDDGDFFAVKEVSLADDG 39
>gnl|CDD|235143 PRK03629, tolB, translocation protein TolB; Provisional.
Length = 429
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 4.2
Identities = 11/23 (47%), Positives = 14/23 (60%)
Query: 57 FVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP 79
+V L SGQ +V +G NNT P
Sbjct: 270 YVMDLASGQIRQVTDGRSNNTEP 292
>gnl|CDD|173689 cd05598, STKc_LATS, Catalytic domain of the Protein
Serine/Threonine Kinase, Large Tumor Suppressor.
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Large Tumor Suppressor
(LATS) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze
the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The
LATS subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that
includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs,
protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside
phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase. LATS was originally
identified in Drosophila using a screen for genes whose
inactivation led to overproliferation of cells. In
tetrapods, there are two LATS isoforms, LATS1 and
LATS2. Inactivation of LATS1 in mice results in the
development of various tumors, including sarcomas and
ovarian cancer. LATS functions as a tumor suppressor
and is implicated in cell cycle regulation.
Length = 376
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 4.3
Identities = 11/30 (36%), Positives = 18/30 (60%), Gaps = 1/30 (3%)
Query: 58 VRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPV-AIKTLK 86
++ +G G FGEV +T + A+KTL+
Sbjct: 6 IKTIGIGAFGEVCLVRKVDTNALYAMKTLR 35
>gnl|CDD|219163 pfam06757, Ins_allergen_rp, Insect allergen related repeat,
nitrile-specifier detoxification. This family
exemplifies a case of novel gene evolution. The case in
point is the arms-race between plants and their
infective insective herbivores in the area of the
glucosinolate-myrosinase system. Brassicas have
developed the glucosinolate-myrosinase system as
chemical defence mechanism against the insects, and
consequently the insects have adapted to produce a
detoxifying molecule, nitrile-specifier protein (NSP).
NSP is present in the small white butterfly Pieris
rapae. NSP is structurally different from and has no
amino acid homology to any known detoxifying enzymes,
and it appears to have arisen by a process of domain and
gene duplication of a sequence of unknown function that
is widespread in insect species and referred to as
insect-allergen-repeat protein. Thus this family is
found either as a single domain or as a multiple
repeat-domain.
Length = 181
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 4.6
Identities = 8/21 (38%), Positives = 12/21 (57%)
Query: 56 KFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNN 76
F L S +F ++ E LWN+
Sbjct: 137 AFYEALRSPEFKKLLEALWNS 157
>gnl|CDD|171912 PRK13223, PRK13223, phosphoglycolate phosphatase; Provisional.
Length = 272
Score = 25.6 bits (56), Expect = 4.8
Identities = 16/74 (21%), Positives = 30/74 (40%), Gaps = 7/74 (9%)
Query: 1 MVELGSQAGGESARLVWFPVQDCLGSSARLAVEKPVTGGLSHSTRDQWEIDRNSLKFVRK 60
++ELG G A W +G+ A + V + + G + H D ++ F+
Sbjct: 39 LLELGRPPAGLEAVRHW------VGNGAPVLVRRALAGSIDHDGVDDELAEQALALFMEA 92
Query: 61 LG-SGQFGEVWEGL 73
S + V+ G+
Sbjct: 93 YADSHELTVVYPGV 106
>gnl|CDD|173502 PTZ00266, PTZ00266, NIMA-related protein kinase; Provisional.
Length = 1021
Score = 25.5 bits (55), Expect = 5.0
Identities = 10/28 (35%), Positives = 17/28 (60%)
Query: 43 STRDQWEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVW 70
D E N + ++K+G+G+FGEV+
Sbjct: 3 GKYDDGESRLNEYEVIKKIGNGRFGEVF 30
>gnl|CDD|133205 cd05074, PTKc_Tyro3, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Tyro3. Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) family;
Tyro3; catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part of
a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. Tyro3
(or Sky) is a member of the Axl subfamily, which is
composed of receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an
extracellular ligand-binding region with two
immunoglobulin-like domains followed by two fibronectin
type III repeats, a transmembrane segment, and an
intracellular catalytic domain. Binding to their
ligands, Gas6 and protein S, leads to receptor
dimerization, autophosphorylation, activation, and
intracellular signaling. Tyro3 is predominantly
expressed in the central nervous system and the brain,
and functions as a neurotrophic factor. It is also
expressed in osteoclasts and has a role in bone
resorption.
Length = 273
Score = 25.3 bits (55), Expect = 5.3
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 16/32 (50%), Gaps = 4/32 (12%)
Query: 59 RKLGSGQFGEVWEGLW----NNTTPVAIKTLK 86
R LG G+FG V E + VA+K LK
Sbjct: 5 RMLGKGEFGSVREAQLKSEDGSFQKVAVKMLK 36
>gnl|CDD|236763 PRK10797, PRK10797, glutamate and aspartate transporter subunit;
Provisional.
Length = 302
Score = 25.2 bits (55), Expect = 5.3
Identities = 14/40 (35%), Positives = 17/40 (42%), Gaps = 10/40 (25%)
Query: 11 ESARLVWFPVQDCLGSSARLAVEKPVTGGLSHSTRDQWEI 50
ES R V F + D L + R +KP D WEI
Sbjct: 195 ESGRAVAFMMDDALLAGERAKAKKP----------DNWEI 224
>gnl|CDD|237186 PRK12740, PRK12740, elongation factor G; Reviewed.
Length = 668
Score = 25.1 bits (56), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 7/9 (77%), Positives = 8/9 (88%)
Query: 62 GSGQFGEVW 70
G GQFG+VW
Sbjct: 482 GHGQFGDVW 490
>gnl|CDD|185510 PTZ00197, PTZ00197, 60S ribosomal protein L28; Provisional.
Length = 146
Score = 24.9 bits (54), Expect = 6.5
Identities = 9/23 (39%), Positives = 15/23 (65%)
Query: 40 LSHSTRDQWEIDRNSLKFVRKLG 62
++HST QW + R + KF++K
Sbjct: 1 MTHSTDLQWLLVRQNSKFLQKRN 23
>gnl|CDD|133214 cd05083, PTKc_Chk, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Csk homologous kinase. Protein Tyrosine Kinase
(PTK) family; Csk homologous kinase (Chk); catalytic
(c) domain. The PTKc family is part of a larger
superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of
other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases,
RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs
catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group
from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein
substrates. Csk subfamily kinases are cytoplasmic (or
nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing the Src homology
domains, SH3 and SH2, N-terminal to the catalytic tyr
kinase domain. They negatively regulate the activity of
Src kinases that are anchored to the plasma membrane.
Chk is also referred to as megakaryocyte-associated
tyrosine kinase (Matk). To inhibit Src kinases, Chk is
translocated to the membrane via binding to specific
transmembrane proteins, G-proteins, or adaptor proteins
near the membrane. Chk inhibit Src kinases using a
noncatalytic mechanism by simply binding to them. As a
negative regulator of Src kinases, Chk may play
important roles in cell proliferation, survival, and
differentiation, and consequently, in cancer
development and progression. Chk is expressed in brain
and hematopoietic cells. Studies in mice reveal that
Chk is not functionally redundant with Csk and that it
plays an important role as a regulator of immune
responses. Chk also plays a role in neural
differentiation in a manner independent of Src by
enhancing Mapk activation via Ras-mediated signaling.
Length = 254
Score = 24.9 bits (54), Expect = 7.1
Identities = 12/39 (30%), Positives = 20/39 (51%), Gaps = 1/39 (2%)
Query: 48 WEIDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTPVAIKTLK 86
W ++ L +G G+FG V +G + VA+K +K
Sbjct: 1 WLLNLQKLTLGEIIGEGEFGAVLQGEYTGQK-VAVKNIK 38
>gnl|CDD|173648 cd05092, PTKc_TrkA, Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine
Kinase, Tropomyosin Related Kinase A. Protein Tyrosine
Kinase (PTK) family; Tropomyosin Related Kinase A
(TrkA); catalytic (c) domain. The PTKc family is part
of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic
domains of other kinases such as protein
serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTKs catalyze the
transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to
tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. TrkA is
a member of the Trk subfamily of proteins, which are
receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular
region with arrays of leucine-rich motifs flanked by
two cysteine-rich clusters followed by two
immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane segment,
and an intracellular catalytic domain. Binding of TrkA
to its ligand, nerve growth factor (NGF), results in
receptor oligomerization and activation of the
catalytic domain. TrkA is expressed mainly in
neural-crest-derived sensory and sympathetic neurons of
the peripheral nervous system, and in basal forebrain
cholinergic neurons of the central nervous system. It
is critical for neuronal growth, differentiation and
survival. Alternative TrkA splicing has been implicated
as a pivotal regulator of neuroblastoma (NB) behavior.
Normal TrkA expression is associated with better NB
prognosis, while the hypoxia-regulated TrkAIII splice
variant promotes NB pathogenesis and progression.
Aberrant TrkA expression has also been demonstrated in
non-neural tumors including prostate, breast, lung, and
pancreatic cancers.
Length = 280
Score = 25.0 bits (54), Expect = 7.8
Identities = 15/43 (34%), Positives = 21/43 (48%), Gaps = 6/43 (13%)
Query: 50 IDRNSLKFVRKLGSGQFGEVWEGLWNNTTP------VAIKTLK 86
I R + +LG G FG+V+ +N P VA+K LK
Sbjct: 2 IKRRDIVLKWELGEGAFGKVFLAECHNLLPEQDKMLVAVKALK 44
>gnl|CDD|226849 COG4425, COG4425, Predicted membrane protein [Function unknown].
Length = 588
Score = 24.8 bits (54), Expect = 8.4
Identities = 15/40 (37%), Positives = 18/40 (45%)
Query: 12 SARLVWFPVQDCLGSSARLAVEKPVTGGLSHSTRDQWEID 51
S +L WFPV L S +AV V G H + ID
Sbjct: 519 SPQLRWFPVVTFLQVSLDMAVATTVPMGHGHVYAPEHYID 558
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.317 0.134 0.416
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0807 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 4,544,875
Number of extensions: 349625
Number of successful extensions: 384
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 371
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 121
Length of query: 93
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 60
Effective length of query: 33
Effective length of database: 8,276,362
Effective search space: 273119946
Effective search space used: 273119946
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.6 bits)
S2: 53 (24.0 bits)