RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy13577
(75 letters)
>gnl|CDD|215656 pfam00012, HSP70, Hsp70 protein. Hsp70 chaperones help to fold
many proteins. Hsp70 assisted folding involves repeated
cycles of substrate binding and release. Hsp70 activity
is ATP dependent. Hsp70 proteins are made up of two
regions: the amino terminus is the ATPase domain and the
carboxyl terminus is the substrate binding region.
Length = 598
Score = 77.7 bits (192), Expect = 1e-18
Identities = 32/43 (74%), Positives = 35/43 (81%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
F KEPS+GVNPDEAVA GAAVQAGVLSG D ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 349 FGKEPSKGVNPDEAVAIGAAVQAGVLSGTFDVKDVLLLDVTPL 391
>gnl|CDD|234715 PRK00290, dnaK, molecular chaperone DnaK; Provisional.
Length = 627
Score = 70.5 bits (174), Expect = 3e-16
Identities = 27/43 (62%), Positives = 33/43 (76%), Gaps = 2/43 (4%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
F KEP++GVNPDE VA GAA+Q GVL+G D ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 350 FGKEPNKGVNPDEVVAIGAAIQGGVLAG--DVKDVLLLDVTPL 390
>gnl|CDD|240403 PTZ00400, PTZ00400, DnaK-type molecular chaperone; Provisional.
Length = 663
Score = 64.5 bits (157), Expect = 4e-14
Identities = 30/44 (68%), Positives = 35/44 (79%), Gaps = 2/44 (4%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
+F KEPS+GVNPDEAVA GAA+QAGVL GE ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 390 IFGKEPSKGVNPDEAVAMGAAIQAGVLKGE--IKDLLLLDVTPL 431
>gnl|CDD|240227 PTZ00009, PTZ00009, heat shock 70 kDa protein; Provisional.
Length = 653
Score = 63.3 bits (154), Expect = 1e-13
Identities = 27/43 (62%), Positives = 33/43 (76%), Gaps = 2/43 (4%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQD--TDAIVLLDVNPL 68
KEP + +NPDEAVAYGAAVQA +L+GEQ ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 359 KEPCKSINPDEAVAYGAAVQAAILTGEQSSQVQDLLLLDVTPL 401
>gnl|CDD|233830 TIGR02350, prok_dnaK, chaperone protein DnaK. Members of this
family are the chaperone DnaK, of the DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE
chaperone system. All members of the seed alignment were
taken from completely sequenced bacterial or archaeal
genomes and (except for Mycoplasma sequence) found
clustered with other genes of this systems. This model
excludes DnaK homologs that are not DnaK itself, such as
the heat shock cognate protein HscA (TIGR01991).
However, it is not designed to distinguish among DnaK
paralogs in eukaryotes. Note that a number of dnaK genes
have shadow ORFs in the same reverse (relative to dnaK)
reading frame, a few of which have been assigned
glutamate dehydrogenase activity. The significance of
this observation is unclear; lengths of such shadow ORFs
are highly variable as if the presumptive protein
product is not conserved [Protein fate, Protein folding
and stabilization].
Length = 595
Score = 63.5 bits (155), Expect = 1e-13
Identities = 26/44 (59%), Positives = 31/44 (70%), Gaps = 2/44 (4%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
F KEP++ VNPDE VA GAA+Q GVL G D ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 347 FFGKEPNKSVNPDEVVAIGAAIQGGVLKG--DVKDVLLLDVTPL 388
>gnl|CDD|184039 PRK13411, PRK13411, molecular chaperone DnaK; Provisional.
Length = 653
Score = 60.2 bits (146), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 27/41 (65%), Positives = 31/41 (75%), Gaps = 2/41 (4%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
K+P R VNPDEAVA GAA+QAGVL GE ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 354 KQPDRSVNPDEAVALGAAIQAGVLGGEVKD--LLLLDVTPL 392
>gnl|CDD|184038 PRK13410, PRK13410, molecular chaperone DnaK; Provisional.
Length = 668
Score = 59.3 bits (144), Expect = 3e-12
Identities = 25/42 (59%), Positives = 34/42 (80%), Gaps = 4/42 (9%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGE-QDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
+EP++ VNPDE VA GAA+QAG+L+GE +D ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 354 REPNQNVNPDEVVAVGAAIQAGILAGELKD---LLLLDVTPL 392
>gnl|CDD|214360 CHL00094, dnaK, heat shock protein 70.
Length = 621
Score = 59.0 bits (143), Expect = 4e-12
Identities = 27/41 (65%), Positives = 32/41 (78%), Gaps = 2/41 (4%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
K+P++ VNPDE VA GAAVQAGVL+GE I+LLDV PL
Sbjct: 354 KKPNQSVNPDEVVAIGAAVQAGVLAGE--VKDILLLDVTPL 392
>gnl|CDD|215618 PLN03184, PLN03184, chloroplast Hsp70; Provisional.
Length = 673
Score = 56.4 bits (136), Expect = 3e-11
Identities = 28/41 (68%), Positives = 31/41 (75%), Gaps = 2/41 (4%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
K+P+ VNPDE VA GAAVQAGVL+GE IVLLDV PL
Sbjct: 391 KDPNVTVNPDEVVALGAAVQAGVLAGE--VSDIVLLDVTPL 429
>gnl|CDD|212681 cd10241, HSPA5-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of human HSPA5
and similar proteins. This subfamily includes human
HSPA5 (also known as 70-kDa heat shock protein 5,
glucose-regulated protein 78/GRP78, and immunoglobulin
heavy chain-binding protein/BIP, MIF2; the gene encoding
HSPA5 maps to 9q33.3.), Sacchaormyces cerevisiae Kar2p
(also known as Grp78p), and related proteins. This
subfamily belongs to the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70)
family of chaperones that assist in protein folding and
assembly and can direct incompetent "client" proteins
towards degradation. HSPA5 and Kar2p are chaperones of
the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Typically, HSP70s have a
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a substrate-binding
domain (SBD). The nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. HSP70 chaperone
activity is regulated by various co-chaperones: J-domain
proteins and nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs).
Multiple ER DNAJ domain proteins have been identified
and may exist in distinct complexes with HSPA5 in
various locations in the ER, for example DNAJC3-p58IPK
in the lumen. HSPA5-NEFs include SIL1 and an atypical
HSP70 family protein HYOU1/ORP150. The ATPase activity
of Kar2p is stimulated by the NEFs: Sil1p and Lhs1p.
Length = 374
Score = 54.6 bits (132), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 25/31 (80%), Positives = 26/31 (83%), Gaps = 3/31 (9%)
Query: 19 KEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAG 49
KE NG KEPSRG+NPDEAVAYGAAVQAG
Sbjct: 347 KEFFNG---KEPSRGINPDEAVAYGAAVQAG 374
>gnl|CDD|140213 PTZ00186, PTZ00186, heat shock 70 kDa precursor protein;
Provisional.
Length = 657
Score = 54.3 bits (130), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 30/49 (61%), Positives = 32/49 (65%), Gaps = 2/49 (4%)
Query: 20 EEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
EE F K+P RGVNPDEAVA GAA GVL G D +VLLDV PL
Sbjct: 371 EEVKKFFQKDPFRGVNPDEAVALGAATLGGVLRG--DVKGLVLLDVTPL 417
>gnl|CDD|223520 COG0443, DnaK, Molecular chaperone [Posttranslational modification,
protein turnover, chaperones].
Length = 579
Score = 53.5 bits (129), Expect = 4e-10
Identities = 27/43 (62%), Positives = 32/43 (74%), Gaps = 2/43 (4%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
F KEP + +NPDEAVA GAA+QA VLSGE ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 333 FGKEPEKSINPDEAVALGAAIQAAVLSGE--VPDVLLLDVIPL 373
>gnl|CDD|212683 cd11733, HSPA9-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of human HSPA9,
Escherichia coli DnaK, and similar proteins. This
subgroup includes human mitochondrial HSPA9 (also known
as 70-kDa heat shock protein 9, CSA; MOT; MOT2; GRP75;
PBP74; GRP-75; HSPA9B; MTHSP75; the gene encoding HSPA9
maps to 5q31.1), Escherichia coli DnaK, and
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Stress-Seventy subfamily
C/Ssc1p (also called mtHSP70, Endonuclease SceI 75 kDa
subunit). It belongs to the heat shock protein 70
(HSP70) family of chaperones that assist in protein
folding and assembly, and can direct incompetent
"client" proteins towards degradation. Typically, HSP70s
have a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a
substrate-binding domain (SBD). The nucleotide sits in a
deep cleft formed between the two lobes of the NBD. The
two subdomains of each lobe change conformation between
ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP
binding opens up the substrate-binding site;
substrate-binding increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis.
Hsp70 chaperone activity is regulated by various
co-chaperones: J-domain proteins and nucleotide exchange
factors (NEFs); for Escherichia coli DnaK, these are the
DnaJ and GrpE, respectively. HSPA9 is involved in
multiple processses including mitochondrial import,
antigen processing, control of cellular proliferation
and differentiation, and regulation of glucose
responses. During glucose deprivation-induced cellular
stress, HSPA9 plays an important role in the suppression
of apoptosis by inhibiting a conformational change in
Bax that allow the release of cytochrome c. DnaK
modulates the heat shock response in Escherichia coli.
It protects E. coli from protein carbonylation, an
irreversible oxidative modification that increases
during organism aging and bacterial growth arrest. Under
severe thermal stress, it functions as part of a
bi-chaperone system: the DnaK system and the
ring-forming AAA+ chaperone ClpB (Hsp104) system, to
promote cell survival. DnaK has also been shown to
cooperate with GroEL and the ribosome-associated
Escherichia coli Trigger Factor in the proper folding of
cytosolic proteins. S. cerevisiae Ssc1p is the major
HSP70 chaperone of the mitochondrial matrix, promoting
translocation of proteins from the cytosol, across the
inner membrane, to the matrix, and their subsequent
folding. Ssc1p interacts with Tim44, a peripheral inner
membrane protein associated with the TIM23 protein
translocase. It is also a subunit of the endoSceI
site-specific endoDNase and is required for full
endoSceI activity. Ssc1p plays roles in the import of
Yfh1p, a nucleus-encoded mitochondrial protein involved
in iron homeostasis (and a homolog of human frataxin,
implicated in the neurodegenerative disease,
Friedreich's ataxia). Ssc1 also participates in
translational regulation of cytochrome c oxidase (COX)
biogenesis by interacting with Mss51 and
Mss51-containing complexes.
Length = 377
Score = 51.6 bits (124), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 21/27 (77%), Positives = 24/27 (88%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVL 51
+F KEPS+GVNPDEAVA GAA+Q GVL
Sbjct: 351 IFGKEPSKGVNPDEAVAIGAAIQGGVL 377
>gnl|CDD|212675 cd10233, HSPA1-2_6-8-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of
HSPA1-A, -B, -L, HSPA-2, -6, -7, -8, and similar
proteins. This subfamily includes human HSPA1A (70-kDa
heat shock protein 1A, also known as HSP72; HSPA1;
HSP70I; HSPA1B; HSP70-1; HSP70-1A), HSPA1B (70-kDa heat
shock protein 1B, also known as HSPA1A; HSP70-2;
HSP70-1B), and HSPA1L (70-kDa heat shock protein 1-like,
also known as HSP70T; hum70t; HSP70-1L; HSP70-HOM). The
genes for these three HSPA1 proteins map in close
proximity on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
class III region on chromosome 6, 6p21.3. This subfamily
also includes human HSPA8 (heat shock 70kDa protein 8,
also known as LAP1; HSC54; HSC70; HSC71; HSP71; HSP73;
NIP71; HSPA10; the HSPA8 gene maps to 11q24.1), human
HSPA2 (70-kDa heat shock protein 2, also known as
HSP70-2; HSP70-3, the HSPA2 gene maps to 14q24.1), human
HSPA6 (also known as heat shock 70kDa protein 6
(HSP70B') gi 94717614, the HSPA6 gene maps to 1q23.3),
human HSPA7 (heat shock 70kDa protein 7 , also known as
HSP70B; the HSPA7 gene maps to 1q23.3) and Saccharmoyces
cerevisiae Stress-Seventy subfamily B/Ssb1p. This
subfamily belongs to the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70)
family of chaperones that assist in protein folding and
assembly and can direct incompetent "client" proteins
towards degradation. Typically, HSP70s have a
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a substrate-binding
domain (SBD). The nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. HSP70 chaperone
activity is regulated by various co-chaperones: J-domain
proteins and nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs).
Associations of polymorphisms within the MHC-III HSP70
gene locus with longevity, systemic lupus erythematosus,
Meniere's disease, noise-induced hearing loss,
high-altitude pulmonary edema, and coronary heart
disease, have been found. HSPA2 is involved in cancer
cell survival, is required for maturation of male
gametophytes, and is linked to male infertility. The
induction of HSPA6 is a biomarker of cellular stress.
HSPA8 participates in the folding and trafficking of
client proteins to different subcellular compartments,
and in the signal transduction and apoptosis process; it
has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes against
oxidative stress partly through an interaction with
alpha-enolase. S. cerevisiae Ssb1p, is part of the
ribosome-associated complex (RAC), it acts as a
chaperone for nascent polypeptides, and is important for
translation fidelity; Ssb1p is also a [PSI+]
prion-curing factor.
Length = 376
Score = 51.6 bits (124), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 18/25 (72%), Positives = 22/25 (88%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLS 52
KE ++ +NPDEAVAYGAAVQA +LS
Sbjct: 352 KELNKSINPDEAVAYGAAVQAAILS 376
>gnl|CDD|212676 cd10234, HSPA9-Ssq1-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of human
HSPA9 and similar proteins. This subfamily includes
human mitochondrial HSPA9 (also known as 70-kDa heat
shock protein 9, CSA; MOT; MOT2; GRP75; PBP74; GRP-75;
HSPA9B; MTHSP75; the gene encoding HSPA9 maps to
5q31.1), Escherichia coli DnaK, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Stress-seventy subfamily Q protein 1/Ssq1p (also called
Ssc2p, Ssh1p, mtHSP70 homolog), and S. cerevisiae
Stress-Seventy subfamily C/Ssc1p (also called mtHSP70,
Endonuclease SceI 75 kDa subunit). It belongs to the
heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones that
assist in protein folding and assembly, and can direct
incompetent "client" proteins towards degradation.
Typically, HSP70s have a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD)
and a substrate-binding domain (SBD). The nucleotide
sits in a deep cleft formed between the two lobes of the
NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe change conformation
between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free
states. ATP binding opens up the substrate-binding site;
substrate-binding increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis.
Hsp70 chaperone activity is regulated by various
co-chaperones: J-domain proteins and nucleotide exchange
factors (NEFs); for Escherichia coli DnaK, these are the
DnaJ and GrpE, respectively.
Length = 376
Score = 51.5 bits (124), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 19/26 (73%), Positives = 22/26 (84%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVL 51
F KEP++GVNPDE VA GAA+Q GVL
Sbjct: 351 FGKEPNKGVNPDEVVAIGAAIQGGVL 376
>gnl|CDD|233673 TIGR01991, HscA, Fe-S protein assembly chaperone HscA. The Heat
Shock Cognate proteins HscA and HscB act together as
chaperones. HscA resembles DnaK but belongs in a
separate clade. The apparent function is to aid assembly
of iron-sulfur cluster proteins. Homologs from Buchnera
and Wolbachia are clearly in the same clade but are
highly derived and score lower than some examples of
DnaK [Protein fate, Protein folding and stabilization].
Length = 599
Score = 46.5 bits (111), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 20/44 (45%), Positives = 32/44 (72%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
+F +EP ++PD+ VA GAA+QA +L+G + + ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 335 LFGQEPLTDIDPDQVVALGAAIQADLLAGNRIGNDLLLLDVTPL 378
>gnl|CDD|212684 cd11734, Ssq1_like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of Saccharomyces
cerevisiae Ssq1 and similar proteins. Ssq1p (also
called Stress-seventy subfamily Q protein 1, Ssc2p,
Ssh1p, mtHSP70 homolog) belongs to the heat shock
protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones that assist in
protein folding and assembly, and can direct incompetent
"client" proteins towards degradation. Typically, HSP70s
have a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a
substrate-binding domain (SBD). The nucleotide sits in a
deep cleft formed between the two lobes of the NBD. The
two subdomains of each lobe change conformation between
ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP
binding opens up the substrate-binding site;
substrate-binding increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis.
Hsp70 chaperone activity is regulated by various
co-chaperones: J-domain proteins and nucleotide exchange
factors (NEFs). S. cerevisiae Ssq1p is a mitochondrial
chaperone that is involved in iron-sulfur (Fe/S) center
biogenesis. Ssq1p plays a role in the maturation of
Yfh1p, a nucleus-encoded mitochondrial protein involved
in iron homeostasis (and a homolog of human frataxin,
implicated in the neurodegenerative disease,
Friedreich's ataxia).
Length = 373
Score = 46.3 bits (110), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 17/27 (62%), Positives = 22/27 (81%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVL 51
+F K+PS+ VNPDEAVA GAA+Q +L
Sbjct: 347 IFGKKPSKSVNPDEAVALGAAIQGSIL 373
>gnl|CDD|235360 PRK05183, hscA, chaperone protein HscA; Provisional.
Length = 616
Score = 45.6 bits (109), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 19/43 (44%), Positives = 29/43 (67%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLDVNPL 68
F + P ++PD+ VA GAA+QA +L+G + ++LLDV PL
Sbjct: 352 FGRTPLTSIDPDKVVAIGAAIQADILAGNKPDSDMLLLDVIPL 394
>gnl|CDD|212677 cd10235, HscC_like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of Escherichia
coli HscC and similar proteins. This subfamily
includes Escherichia coli HscC (also called heat shock
cognate protein C, Hsc62, or YbeW) and the the putative
DnaK-like protein Escherichia coli ECs0689. It belongs
to the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family of
chaperones that assist in protein folding and assembly
and can direct incompetent "client" proteins towards
degradation. Typically, Hsp70s have a nucleotide-binding
domain (NBD) and a substrate-binding domain (SBD). The
nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed between the two
lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe change
conformation between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and
nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens up the
substrate-binding site; substrate-binding increases the
rate of ATP hydrolysis. Hsp70 chaperone activity is
regulated by various co-chaperones: J-domain proteins
and nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs). Two genes in the
vicinity of the HscC gene code for potential
cochaperones: J-domain containing proteins, DjlB/YbeS
and DjlC/YbeV. HscC and its co-chaperone partners may
play a role in the SOS DNA damage response. HscC does
not appear to require a NEF.
Length = 339
Score = 40.6 bits (96), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 14/24 (58%), Positives = 17/24 (70%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAG 49
F + P +NPDE VA GAA+QAG
Sbjct: 316 FGRFPLVHLNPDEVVALGAAIQAG 339
>gnl|CDD|212667 cd10170, HSP70_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of the HSP70 family.
HSP70 (70-kDa heat shock protein) family chaperones
assist in protein folding and assembly and can direct
incompetent "client" proteins towards degradation.
Typically, HSP70s have a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD)
and a substrate-binding domain (SBD). The nucleotide
sits in a deep cleft formed between the two lobes of the
NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe change conformation
between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free
states. ATP binding opens up the substrate-binding site;
substrate-binding increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis.
HSP70 chaperone activity is regulated by various
co-chaperones: J-domain proteins and nucleotide exchange
factors (NEFs). Some HSP70 family members are not
chaperones but instead, function as NEFs to remove ADP
from their HSP70 chaperone partners during the ATP
hydrolysis cycle, some may function as both chaperones
and NEFs.
Length = 369
Score = 38.4 bits (90), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 14/25 (56%), Positives = 19/25 (76%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAG 49
+F K+P R ++PDEAVA GAA+ A
Sbjct: 345 LFGKKPLRSIDPDEAVALGAAIYAA 369
>gnl|CDD|212670 cd10228, HSPA4_like_NDB, Nucleotide-binding domain of 105/110 kDa
heat shock proteins including HSPA4 and similar
proteins. This subgroup includes the human proteins,
HSPA4 (also known as 70-kDa heat shock protein 4, APG-2,
HS24/P52, hsp70 RY, and HSPH2; the human HSPA4 gene maps
to 5q31.1), HSPA4L (also known as 70-kDa heat shock
protein 4-like, APG-1, HSPH3, and OSP94; the human
HSPA4L gene maps to 4q28), and HSPH1 (also known as heat
shock 105kDa/110kDa protein 1, HSP105; HSP105A; HSP105B;
NY-CO-25; the human HSPH1 gene maps to 13q12.3),
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sse1p and Sse2p, and a sea
urchin sperm receptor. It belongs to the 105/110 kDa
heat shock protein (HSP105/110) subfamily of the
HSP70-like family, and includes proteins believed to
function generally as co-chaperones of HSP70 chaperones,
acting as nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs), to remove
ADP from their HSP70 chaperone partners during the ATP
hydrolysis cycle. HSP70 chaperones assist in protein
folding and assembly, and can direct incompetent
"client" proteins towards degradation. Like HSP70
chaperones, HSP105/110s have an N-terminal
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a C-terminal
substrate-binding domain (SBD). For HSP70 chaperones,
the nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed between the
two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe
change conformation between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and
nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens up the
substrate-binding site; substrate-binding increases the
rate of ATP hydrolysis. Hsp70 chaperone activity is also
regulated by J-domain proteins.
Length = 381
Score = 38.3 bits (90), Expect = 9e-05
Identities = 16/28 (57%), Positives = 19/28 (67%)
Query: 25 VFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLS 52
VF KE S +N DEAVA G A+Q +LS
Sbjct: 354 VFGKELSTTLNADEAVARGCALQCAMLS 381
>gnl|CDD|212679 cd10237, HSPA13-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of human HSPA13
and similar proteins. Human HSPA13 (also called 70-kDa
heat shock protein 13, STCH, "stress 70 protein
chaperone, microsome-associated, 60kD", "stress 70
protein chaperone, microsome-associated, 60kDa"; the
gene encoding HSPA13 maps to 21q11.1) belongs to the
heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones that
assist in protein folding and assembly and can direct
incompetent "client" proteins towards degradation.
Typically, HSP70s have a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD)
and a substrate-binding domain (SBD). The nucleotide
sits in a deep cleft formed between the two lobes of the
NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe change conformation
between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free
states. ATP binding opens up the substrate-binding site;
substrate-binding increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis.
HSP70 chaperone activity is regulated by various
co-chaperones: J-domain proteins and nucleotide exchange
factors (NEFs). STCH contains an NBD but lacks an SBD.
STCH may function to regulate cell proliferation and
survival, and modulate the TRAIL-mediated cell death
pathway. The HSPA13 gene is a candidate stomach cancer
susceptibility gene; a mutation in the NBD coding region
of HSPA13 has been identified in stomach cancer cells.
The NBD of HSPA13 interacts with the ubiquitin-like
proteins Chap1 and Chap2, implicating HSPA13 in
regulating cell cycle and cell death events. HSPA13 is
induced by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187.
Length = 417
Score = 37.8 bits (88), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 13/28 (46%), Positives = 20/28 (71%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSG 53
F K+P+ V+P+ AV G A+QAG++ G
Sbjct: 376 FGKDPNTSVDPELAVVTGVAIQAGIIGG 403
>gnl|CDD|212687 cd11737, HSPA4_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of HSPA4. Human
HSPA4 (also known as 70-kDa heat shock protein 4, APG-2,
HS24/P52, hsp70 RY, and HSPH2; the human HSPA4 gene maps
to 5q31.1) responds to acidic pH stress, is involved in
the radioadaptive response, is required for normal
spermatogenesis and is overexpressed in hepatocellular
carcinoma. It participates in a pathway along with NBS1
(Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1, also known as p85 or
nibrin), heat shock transcription factor 4b (HDF4b), and
HSPA14 (belonging to a different HSP70 subfamily) that
induces tumor migration, invasion, and transformation.
HSPA4 expression in sperm was increased in men with
oligozoospermia, especially in those with varicocele.
HSPA4 belongs to the 105/110 kDa heat shock protein
(HSP105/110) subfamily of the HSP70-like family.
HSP105/110s are believed to function generally as
co-chaperones of HSP70 chaperones, acting as nucleotide
exchange factors (NEFs), to remove ADP from their HSP70
chaperone partners during the ATP hydrolysis cycle.
HSP70 chaperones assist in protein folding and assembly,
and can direct incompetent "client" proteins towards
degradation. Like HSP70 chaperones, HSP105/110s have an
N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a
C-terminal substrate-binding domain (SBD). For HSP70
chaperones, the nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. Hsp70 chaperone
activity is also regulated by J-domain proteins.
Length = 383
Score = 35.0 bits (80), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 17/34 (50%), Positives = 22/34 (64%)
Query: 19 KEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLS 52
KE+ + F KE S +N DEAVA G A+Q +LS
Sbjct: 350 KEKISKFFGKEVSTTLNADEAVARGCALQCAILS 383
>gnl|CDD|212678 cd10236, HscA_like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of HscA and
similar proteins. Escherichia coli HscA (heat shock
cognate protein A, also called Hsc66), belongs to the
heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones that
assist in protein folding and assembly and can direct
incompetent "client" proteins towards degradation.
Typically, HSP70s have a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD)
and a substrate-binding domain (SBD). The nucleotide
sits in a deep cleft formed between the two lobes of the
NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe change conformation
between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free
states. ATP binding opens up the substrate-binding site;
substrate-binding increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis.
HSP70 chaperone activity is regulated by various
co-chaperones: J-domain proteins and nucleotide exchange
factors (NEFs). HscA's partner J-domain protein is HscB;
it does not appear to require a NEF, and has been shown
to be induced by cold-shock. The HscA-HscB
chaperone/co-chaperone pair is involved in [Fe-S]
cluster assembly.
Length = 355
Score = 33.3 bits (77), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 13/23 (56%), Positives = 17/23 (73%)
Query: 26 FYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQA 48
F ++P +NPDE VA GAA+QA
Sbjct: 332 FGQKPLCDINPDEVVAIGAALQA 354
>gnl|CDD|212680 cd10238, HSPA14-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of human HSPA14
and similar proteins. Human HSPA14 (also known as
70-kDa heat shock protein 14, HSP70L1, HSP70-4; the gene
encoding HSPA14 maps to 10p13), is ribosome-associated
and belongs to the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family
of chaperones that assist in protein folding and
assembly, and can direct incompetent "client" proteins
towards degradation. Typically, HSP70s have a
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a substrate-binding
domain (SBD). The nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. HSP70 chaperone
activity is regulated by various co-chaperones: J-domain
proteins and nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs). HSPA14
interacts with the J-protein MPP11 to form the mammalian
ribosome-associated complex (mRAC). HSPA14 participates
in a pathway along with Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1
(NBS1, also known as p85 or nibrin), heat shock
transcription factor 4b (HSF4b), and HSPA4 (belonging to
a different subfamily), that induces tumor migration,
invasion, and transformation. HSPA14 is a potent T
helper cell (Th1) polarizing adjuvant that contributes
to antitumor immune responses.
Length = 375
Score = 33.1 bits (76), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 11/22 (50%), Positives = 14/22 (63%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAG 49
E ++PDE +A GAA QAG
Sbjct: 354 VEVLNSISPDEVIAIGAAKQAG 375
>gnl|CDD|212688 cd11738, HSPA4L_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of HSPA4L. Human
HSPA4L (also known as 70-kDa heat shock protein 4-like,
APG-1, HSPH3, and OSP94; the human HSPA4L gene maps to
4q28) is expressed ubiquitously and predominantly in the
testis. It is required for normal spermatogenesis and
plays a role in osmotolerance. HSPA4L belongs to the
105/110 kDa heat shock protein (HSP105/110) subfamily of
the HSP70-like family. HSP105/110s are believed to
function generally as co-chaperones of HSP70 chaperones,
acting as nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs), to remove
ADP from their HSP70 chaperone partners during the ATP
hydrolysis cycle. HSP70 chaperones assist in protein
folding and assembly, and can direct incompetent
"client" proteins towards degradation. Like HSP70
chaperones, HSP105/110s have an N-terminal
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a C-terminal
substrate-binding domain (SBD). For HSP70 chaperones,
the nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed between the
two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe
change conformation between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and
nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens up the
substrate-binding site; substrate-binding increases the
rate of ATP hydrolysis. Hsp70 chaperone activity is also
regulated by J-domain proteins.
Length = 383
Score = 33.1 bits (75), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 16/34 (47%), Positives = 21/34 (61%)
Query: 19 KEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLS 52
KE+ F K+ S +N DEAVA G A+Q +LS
Sbjct: 350 KEQITSFFLKDISTTLNADEAVARGCALQCAILS 383
>gnl|CDD|234955 PRK01433, hscA, chaperone protein HscA; Provisional.
Length = 595
Score = 31.7 bits (72), Expect = 0.016
Identities = 21/67 (31%), Positives = 36/67 (53%), Gaps = 2/67 (2%)
Query: 2 KLLGAFVVTLVVAVAIAKEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIV 61
+ G +V + + K+E F + ++PD+AV +GAA+QA L T+++
Sbjct: 308 NIDGVILVGGATRIPLIKDELYKAFKVDILSDIDPDKAVVWGAALQAENLIA-PHTNSL- 365
Query: 62 LLDVNPL 68
L+DV PL
Sbjct: 366 LIDVVPL 372
>gnl|CDD|212689 cd11739, HSPH1_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of HSPH1. Human
HSPH1 (also known as heat shock 105kDa/110kDa protein 1,
HSP105; HSP105A; HSP105B; NY-CO-25; the human HSPH1 gene
maps to 13q12.3) suppresses the aggregation of denatured
proteins caused by heat shock in vitro, and may
substitute for HSP70 family proteins to suppress the
aggregation of denatured proteins in cells under severe
stress. It reduces the protein aggregation and
cytotoxicity associated with Polyglutamine (PolyQ)
diseases, including Huntington's disease, which are a
group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders sharing
the characteristic feature of having insoluble protein
aggregates in neurons. The expression of HSPH1 is
elevated in various malignant tumors, including
malignant melanoma, and there is a direct correlation
between HSPH1 expression and B-cell non-Hodgkin
lymphomas (B-NHLs) aggressiveness and proliferation.
HSPH1 belongs to the 105/110 kDa heat shock protein
(HSP105/110) subfamily of the HSP70-like family.
HSP105/110s are believed to function generally as
co-chaperones of HSP70 chaperones, acting as nucleotide
exchange factors (NEFs), to remove ADP from their HSP70
chaperone partners during the ATP hydrolysis cycle.
HSP70 chaperones assist in protein folding and assembly,
and can direct incompetent "client" proteins towards
degradation. Like HSP70 chaperones, HSP105/110s have an
N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a
C-terminal substrate-binding domain (SBD). For HSP70
chaperones, the nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. Hsp70 chaperone
activity is also regulated by J-domain proteins.
Length = 383
Score = 30.7 bits (69), Expect = 0.036
Identities = 16/34 (47%), Positives = 20/34 (58%)
Query: 19 KEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLS 52
KE F K+ S +N DEAVA G A+Q +LS
Sbjct: 350 KERIAKFFGKDVSTTLNADEAVARGCALQCAILS 383
>gnl|CDD|198375 cd07809, FGGY_D-XK_1, D-xylulose kinases, subgroup 1; members of
the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases. This subgroup
is composed of D-xylulose kinases (XK, also known as
xylulokinase; EC 2.7.1.17) from bacteria and eukaryota.
They share high sequence similarity with Escherichia
coli xylulokinase (EcXK), which catalyzes the
rate-limiting step in the ATP-dependent phosphorylation
of D-xylulose to produce D-xylulose 5-phosphate (X5P)
and ADP. Some uncharacterized sequences are also
included in this subfamily. EcXK exists as a dimer. Each
monomer consists of two large domains separated by an
open cleft that forms an active site. This model
includes both the N-terminal domain, which adopts a
ribonuclease H-like fold, and the structurally related
C-terminal domain. The presence of Mg2+ or Mn2+ might be
required for catalytic activity. Members of this
subgroup belong to the FGGY family of carbohydrate
kinases.
Length = 487
Score = 30.0 bits (68), Expect = 0.069
Identities = 12/25 (48%), Positives = 15/25 (60%), Gaps = 1/25 (4%)
Query: 37 DEAVAYGAAVQA-GVLSGEQDTDAI 60
+EA A GAA+QA L+GE D
Sbjct: 428 EEAAALGAAIQAAWCLTGEDGADVA 452
>gnl|CDD|233354 TIGR01312, XylB, D-xylulose kinase. This model describes
D-xylulose kinases, a subfamily of the FGGY family of
carbohydrate kinases. The member from Klebsiella
pneumoniae, designated DalK (see PMID:9324246), was
annotated erroneously in GenBank as D-arabinitol kinase
but is authentic D-xylulose kinase. D-xylulose kinase
(XylB) generally is found with xylose isomerase (XylA)
and acts in xylose utilization [Energy metabolism,
Sugars].
Length = 481
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 9/23 (39%), Positives = 12/23 (52%)
Query: 35 NPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDT 57
+E A GAA+ A GE+D
Sbjct: 422 EGEEGPALGAAILAAWALGEKDL 444
>gnl|CDD|131021 TIGR01966, RNasePH, ribonuclease PH. This bacterial enzyme,
ribonuclease PH, performs the final 3'-trimming and
modification of tRNA precursors. This model is
restricted absolutely to bacteria. Related families
outside the model include proteins described as probable
exosome complex exonucleases (rRNA processing) and
polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferases (mRNA
degradation). The most divergent member within the
family is RNase PH from Deinococcus radiodurans
[Transcription, RNA processing].
Length = 236
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 0.97
Identities = 20/62 (32%), Positives = 30/62 (48%), Gaps = 17/62 (27%)
Query: 5 GAFVVTLVVAVAIAKEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLLD 64
GAFV +A AI+K K G+ + P R + AAV G++ GE +LD
Sbjct: 131 GAFVA---LADAISKLHKRGILKESPIRD--------FVAAVSVGIVDGE------PVLD 173
Query: 65 VN 66
++
Sbjct: 174 LD 175
>gnl|CDD|212674 cd10232, ScSsz1p_like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of
Saccharmomyces cerevisiae Ssz1pp and similar proteins.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ssz1p (also known as
/Pdr13p/YHR064C) belongs to the heat shock protein 70
(HSP70) family of chaperones that assist in protein
folding and assembly and can direct incompetent "client"
proteins towards degradation. Typically, HSP70s have a
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a substrate-binding
domain (SBD). The nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. HSP70 chaperone
activity is regulated by various co-chaperones: J-domain
proteins and nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs). Some
family members are not chaperones but rather, function
as NEFs for their Hsp70 partners, while other family
members function as both chaperones and NEFs. Ssz1 does
not function as a chaperone; it facilitates the
interaction between the HSP70 Ssb protein and its
partner J-domain protein Zuo1 (also known as zuotin) on
the ribosome. Ssz1 is found in a stable heterodimer
(called RAC, ribosome associated complex) with Zuo1.
Zuo1 can only stimulate the ATPase activity of Ssb, when
it is in complex with Ssz1. Ssz1 binds ATP but neither
nucleotide-binding, hydrolysis, or its SBD, is needed
for its in vivo function.
Length = 386
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 9/18 (50%), Positives = 13/18 (72%)
Query: 31 SRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQA 48
S+ ++P E VA G A+QA
Sbjct: 368 SKALDPSELVARGCAIQA 385
>gnl|CDD|212672 cd10230, HYOU1-like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of human HYOU1
and similar proteins. This subgroup includes human
HYOU1 (also known as human hypoxia up-regulated 1,
GRP170; HSP12A; ORP150; GRP-170; ORP-150; the human
HYOU1 gene maps to11q23.1-q23.3) and Saccharomyces
cerevisiae Lhs1p (also known as Cer1p, SsI1). Mammalian
HYOU1 functions as a nucleotide exchange factor (NEF)
for HSPA5 (alos known as BiP, Grp78 or HspA5) and may
also function as a HSPA5-independent chaperone. S.
cerevisiae Lhs1p, does not have a detectable endogenous
ATPase activity like canonical HSP70s, but functions as
a NEF for Kar2p; it's interaction with Kar2p is
stimulated by nucleotide-binding. In addition, Lhs1p has
a nucleotide-independent holdase activity that prevents
heat-induced aggregation of proteins in vitro. This
subgroup belongs to the 105/110 kDa heat shock protein
(HSP105/110) subfamily of the HSP70-like family.
HSP105/110s are believed to function generally as
co-chaperones of HSP70 chaperones, acting as NEFs, to
remove ADP from their HSP70 chaperone partners during
the ATP hydrolysis cycle. HSP70 chaperones assist in
protein folding and assembly, and can direct incompetent
"client" proteins towards degradation. Like HSP70
chaperones, HSP105/110s have an N-terminal
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a C-terminal
substrate-binding domain (SBD). For HSP70 chaperones,
the nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed between the
two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of each lobe
change conformation between ATP-bound, ADP-bound, and
nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens up the
substrate-binding site; substrate-binding increases the
rate of ATP hydrolysis. Hsp70 chaperone activity is also
regulated by J-domain proteins.
Length = 388
Score = 25.6 bits (57), Expect = 2.9
Identities = 10/21 (47%), Positives = 13/21 (61%)
Query: 28 KEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQA 48
K+ + +N DEA A GAA A
Sbjct: 367 KKLGKHLNADEAAAMGAAYYA 387
>gnl|CDD|212682 cd11732, HSP105-110_like_NBD, Nucleotide-binding domain of 105/110
kDa heat shock proteins including HSPA4, HYOU1, and
similar proteins. This subfamily include the human
proteins, HSPA4 (also known as 70-kDa heat shock protein
4, APG-2, HS24/P52, hsp70 RY, and HSPH2; the human HSPA4
gene maps to 5q31.1), HSPA4L (also known as 70-kDa heat
shock protein 4-like, APG-1, HSPH3, and OSP94; the human
HSPA4L gene maps to 4q28), and HSPH1 (also known as heat
shock 105kDa/110kDa protein 1, HSP105; HSP105A; HSP105B;
NY-CO-25; the human HSPH1 gene maps to 13q12.3), HYOU1
(also known as human hypoxia up-regulated 1, GRP170;
HSP12A; ORP150; GRP-170; ORP-150; the human HYOU1 gene
maps to11q23.1-q23.3), Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sse1p,
Sse2p, and Lhs1p, and a sea urchin sperm receptor. It
belongs to the 105/110 kDa heat shock protein
(HSP105/110) subfamily of the HSP70-like family, and
includes proteins believed to function generally as
co-chaperones of HSP70 chaperones, acting as nucleotide
exchange factors (NEFs), to remove ADP from their HSP70
chaperone partners during the ATP hydrolysis cycle.
HSP70 chaperones assist in protein folding and assembly,
and can direct incompetent "client" proteins towards
degradation. Like HSP70 chaperones, HSP105/110s have an
N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a
C-terminal substrate-binding domain (SBD). For HSP70
chaperones, the nucleotide sits in a deep cleft formed
between the two lobes of the NBD. The two subdomains of
each lobe change conformation between ATP-bound,
ADP-bound, and nucleotide-free states. ATP binding opens
up the substrate-binding site; substrate-binding
increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis. HSP70 chaperone
activity is also regulated by J-domain proteins.
Length = 377
Score = 25.0 bits (54), Expect = 4.0
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 16/30 (53%)
Query: 19 KEEKNGVFYKEPSRGVNPDEAVAYGAAVQA 48
K+ + F K S +N DEA+A GAA
Sbjct: 347 KQSISEAFGKPLSTTLNQDEAIAKGAAFIC 376
>gnl|CDD|224979 COG2068, COG2068, Uncharacterized MobA-related protein [General
function prediction only].
Length = 199
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 8.7
Identities = 10/30 (33%), Positives = 19/30 (63%)
Query: 34 VNPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGEQDTDAIVLL 63
VNPD A +++AG+ + + + D +VL+
Sbjct: 74 VNPDYAQGLSTSLKAGLRAADAEGDGVVLM 103
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.316 0.135 0.369
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0893 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 3,924,641
Number of extensions: 317034
Number of successful extensions: 378
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 373
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 44
Length of query: 75
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 45
Effective length of query: 30
Effective length of database: 8,941,672
Effective search space: 268250160
Effective search space used: 268250160
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.6 bits)
S2: 53 (23.9 bits)