RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy16556
(100 letters)
>gnl|CDD|176188 cd05285, sorbitol_DH, Sorbitol dehydrogenase. Sorbitol and aldose
reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol
pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose.
Sorbitol dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single
catalytic zinc per subunit. Aldose reductase catalyzes
the NADP(H)-dependent conversion of glucose to sorbital,
and SDH uses NAD(H) in the conversion of sorbitol to
fructose. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 343
Score = 156 bits (397), Expect = 2e-48
Identities = 52/87 (59%), Positives = 66/87 (75%)
Query: 1 MVFCATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSV 60
M F ATPP G L ++ H ADFC+KLPD+++LEEGAL+EPL+VGVHAC+R+GV G +V
Sbjct: 107 MRFAATPPVDGTLCRYVNHPADFCHKLPDNVSLEEGALVEPLSVGVHACRRAGVRPGDTV 166
Query: 61 LVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
LV AGPIGL+T AKA+GA + V
Sbjct: 167 LVFGAGPIGLLTAAVAKAFGATKVVVT 193
>gnl|CDD|215378 PLN02702, PLN02702, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase.
Length = 364
Score = 121 bits (305), Expect = 9e-35
Identities = 52/87 (59%), Positives = 71/87 (81%), Gaps = 1/87 (1%)
Query: 1 MVFCATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSV 60
M F ATPP HG+L+ H AD C+KLP++++LEEGA+ EPL+VGVHAC+R+ +G T+V
Sbjct: 126 MKFFATPPVHGSLANQVVHPADLCFKLPENVSLEEGAMCEPLSVGVHACRRANIGPETNV 185
Query: 61 LVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA-RVICV 86
LV+ AGPIGLVT+LAA+A+GA R++ V
Sbjct: 186 LVMGAGPIGLVTMLAARAFGAPRIVIV 212
>gnl|CDD|176195 cd08233, butanediol_DH_like, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase.
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, a zinc-dependent
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase, catalyzes the
NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and
meso-butanediol to acetoin. BDH functions as a
homodimer. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Sorbitol and aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding
proteins of the polyol pathway, which interconverts
glucose and fructose. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is
tetrameric and has a single catalytic zinc per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 93.8 bits (234), Expect = 2e-24
Identities = 40/66 (60%), Positives = 47/66 (71%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYG 80
A +KLPD++ LEE AL+EPLAV HA +RSG G + LVL AGPIGL+TILA KA G
Sbjct: 137 AYHVHKLPDNVPLEEAALVEPLAVAWHAVRRSGFKPGDTALVLGAGPIGLLTILALKAAG 196
Query: 81 ARVICV 86
A I V
Sbjct: 197 ASKIIV 202
>gnl|CDD|176194 cd08232, idonate-5-DH, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase. L-idonate
5-dehydrogenase (L-ido 5-DH ) catalyzes the conversion
of L-lodonate to 5-ketogluconate in the metabolism of
L-Idonate to 6-P-gluconate. In E. coli, this GntII
pathway is a subsidiary pathway to the canonical GntI
system, which also phosphorylates and transports
gluconate. L-ido 5-DH is found in an operon with a
regulator indR, transporter idnT, 5-keto-D-gluconate
5-reductase, and Gnt kinase. L-ido 5-DH is a
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein. The
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group is
also called the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
family (MDR) which displays a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases(~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic
domain. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 81.5 bits (202), Expect = 7e-20
Identities = 35/81 (43%), Positives = 43/81 (53%), Gaps = 1/81 (1%)
Query: 8 PH-HGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG 66
PH G ++ A C LPD L+L AL EPLAV +HA R+G G VLV AG
Sbjct: 116 PHVQGGFREYLVVDASQCVPLPDGLSLRRAALAEPLAVALHAVNRAGDLAGKRVLVTGAG 175
Query: 67 PIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
PIG + + AA+ GA I
Sbjct: 176 PIGALVVAAARRAGAAEIVAT 196
>gnl|CDD|176198 cd08236, sugar_DH, NAD(P)-dependent sugar dehydrogenases. This
group contains proteins identified as sorbitol
dehydrogenases and other sugar dehydrogenases of the
medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), which
includes zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and
related proteins. Sorbitol and aldose reductase are
NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose. Sorbitol
dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single catalytic
zinc per subunit. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Related proteins include
threonine dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and
butanediol dehydrogenase. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. Horse
liver alcohol dehydrogenase is a dimeric enzyme and each
subunit has two domains. The NAD binding domain is in a
Rossmann fold and the catalytic domain contains a zinc
ion to which substrates bind. There is a cleft between
the domains that closes upon formation of the ternary
complex.
Length = 343
Score = 81.5 bits (202), Expect = 8e-20
Identities = 27/63 (42%), Positives = 41/63 (65%)
Query: 24 CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARV 83
K+PDH+ EE A++EP AV +HA + +G+ LG +V+V+ AG IGL+ I K GA+
Sbjct: 127 LIKIPDHVDYEEAAMIEPAAVALHAVRLAGITLGDTVVVIGAGTIGLLAIQWLKILGAKR 186
Query: 84 ICV 86
+
Sbjct: 187 VIA 189
>gnl|CDD|176178 cd05188, MDR, Medium chain reductase/dehydrogenase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
The medium chain reductase/dehydrogenases
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH) , quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines. Other MDR members have only
a catalytic zinc, and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 271
Score = 79.3 bits (196), Expect = 2e-19
Identities = 38/89 (42%), Positives = 48/89 (53%), Gaps = 2/89 (2%)
Query: 1 MVFCATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALL-EPLAVGVHACKRSG-VGLGT 58
G +++ AD LPD L+LEE ALL EPLA HA +R+G + G
Sbjct: 77 GGGILGEGLDGGFAEYVVVPADNLVPLPDGLSLEEAALLPEPLATAYHALRRAGVLKPGD 136
Query: 59 SVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
+VLVL AG +GL+ AKA GARVI
Sbjct: 137 TVLVLGAGGVGLLAAQLAKAAGARVIVTD 165
>gnl|CDD|176222 cd08261, Zn_ADH7, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes
various activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 76.8 bits (190), Expect = 4e-18
Identities = 35/63 (55%), Positives = 46/63 (73%)
Query: 24 CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARV 83
+P+ L+L++ AL+EPLA+G HA +R+GV G +VLV+ AGPIGL I AKA GARV
Sbjct: 127 ALLVPEGLSLDQAALVEPLAIGAHAVRRAGVTAGDTVLVVGAGPIGLGVIQVAKARGARV 186
Query: 84 ICV 86
I V
Sbjct: 187 IVV 189
>gnl|CDD|176196 cd08234, threonine_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine
dehydrogenase (TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent
formation of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine,
via NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal region typically
has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly
bound zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose
reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol
pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 334
Score = 72.6 bits (179), Expect = 1e-16
Identities = 31/73 (42%), Positives = 40/73 (54%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYG 80
A YK+PD+L+ EE AL EPL+ VH G+ G SVLV AGPIGL+ K G
Sbjct: 124 AKQVYKIPDNLSFEEAALAEPLSCAVHGLDLLGIKPGDSVLVFGAGPIGLLLAQLLKLNG 183
Query: 81 ARVICVCKYVGIR 93
A + V + +
Sbjct: 184 ASRVTVAEPNEEK 196
>gnl|CDD|176197 cd08235, iditol_2_DH_like, L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase. Putative
L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase based on annotation of some
members in this subgroup. L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase
catalyzes the NAD+-dependent conversion of L-iditol to
L-sorbose in fructose and mannose metabolism. This
enzyme is related to sorbitol dehydrogenase, alcohol
dehydrogenase, and other medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductases. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn)-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group is
also called the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
family (MDR) to highlight its broad range of activities
and to distinguish from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic
domain. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability. ADH-like
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
The active site zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two
cysteines, and a water molecule. The second zinc seems
to play a structural role, affects subunit interactions,
and is typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 343
Score = 71.9 bits (177), Expect = 2e-16
Identities = 31/63 (49%), Positives = 46/63 (73%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
KLPD+++ EE AL+EPLA ++A +++G+ G +VLV+ AGPIGL+ + AKA GAR +
Sbjct: 134 LKLPDNVSFEEAALVEPLACCINAQRKAGIKPGDTVLVIGAGPIGLLHAMLAKASGARKV 193
Query: 85 CVC 87
V
Sbjct: 194 IVS 196
>gnl|CDD|176223 cd08262, Zn_ADH8, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 71.2 bits (175), Expect = 4e-16
Identities = 31/82 (37%), Positives = 46/82 (56%)
Query: 5 ATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLS 64
+P G +++ + ++PD L++E+ AL EPLAVG+HA +R+ + G LV+
Sbjct: 110 LSPEAPGGYAEYMLLSEALLLRVPDGLSMEDAALTEPLAVGLHAVRRARLTPGEVALVIG 169
Query: 65 AGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
GPIGL I A KA G I
Sbjct: 170 CGPIGLAVIAALKARGVGPIVA 191
>gnl|CDD|223991 COG1063, Tdh, Threonine dehydrogenase and related Zn-dependent
dehydrogenases [Amino acid transport and metabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 350
Score = 69.7 bits (171), Expect = 1e-15
Identities = 33/84 (39%), Positives = 45/84 (53%), Gaps = 2/84 (2%)
Query: 6 TPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYK-LPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHAC-KRSGVGLGTSVLVL 63
G +++ + ADF LPD + E AL EPLA H +R+ V G +V+V+
Sbjct: 116 GGGIDGGFAEYVRVPADFNLAKLPDGIDEEAAALTEPLATAYHGHAERAAVRPGGTVVVV 175
Query: 64 SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
AGPIGL+ I AK GA V+ V
Sbjct: 176 GAGPIGLLAIALAKLLGASVVIVV 199
>gnl|CDD|176219 cd08258, Zn_ADH4, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group shares the zinc coordination sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 306
Score = 62.3 bits (152), Expect = 5e-13
Identities = 32/64 (50%), Positives = 43/64 (67%), Gaps = 1/64 (1%)
Query: 24 CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHAC-KRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGAR 82
++LP++L+LE AL EPLAV VHA +RSG+ G +V+V GPIGL+ AK GA
Sbjct: 131 LHELPENLSLEAAALTEPLAVAVHAVAERSGIRPGDTVVVFGPGPIGLLAAQVAKLQGAT 190
Query: 83 VICV 86
V+ V
Sbjct: 191 VVVV 194
>gnl|CDD|176218 cd08256, Zn_ADH2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group has the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 350
Score = 57.4 bits (139), Expect = 3e-11
Identities = 22/62 (35%), Positives = 36/62 (58%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+K+PD + E+ L+EPLA +HA R+ + V++ AGP+GL I AA+ + +
Sbjct: 143 HKVPDDIPPEDAILIEPLACALHAVDRANIKFDDVVVLAGAGPLGLGMIGAARLKNPKKL 202
Query: 85 CV 86
V
Sbjct: 203 IV 204
>gnl|CDD|176217 cd08255, 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl_bacteriochlorophyllide_like,
2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide and
other MDR family members. This subgroup of the medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family has members identified
as 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide A
dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 277
Score = 53.8 bits (130), Expect = 6e-10
Identities = 21/59 (35%), Positives = 29/59 (49%)
Query: 26 KLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
LPD L E AL A ++ + + LG V V+ G +GL+ AKA GAR +
Sbjct: 67 PLPDGLPPERAALTALAATALNGVRDAEPRLGERVAVVGLGLVGLLAAQLAKAAGAREV 125
>gnl|CDD|176201 cd08239, THR_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase (TDH)-like.
MDR/AHD-like proteins, including a protein annotated as
a threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via
NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Zinc-dependent ADHs are medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase type proteins (MDRs) and have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. In addition to alcohol
dehydrogenases, this group includes quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and
numerous others. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 53.5 bits (129), Expect = 9e-10
Identities = 26/77 (33%), Positives = 40/77 (51%), Gaps = 1/77 (1%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALL-EPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGP 67
G +++ LPD L+ +GALL + HA +R GV +VLV+ AGP
Sbjct: 115 RDGGHAEYMLVPEKTLIPLPDDLSFADGALLLCGIGTAYHALRRVGVSGRDTVLVVGAGP 174
Query: 68 IGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+GL ++ A+A GA +
Sbjct: 175 VGLGALMLARALGAEDV 191
>gnl|CDD|176192 cd08230, glucose_DH, Glucose dehydrogenase. Glucose dehydrogenase
(GlcDH), a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family, catalyzes the NADP(+)-dependent oxidation of
glucose to gluconate, the first step in the
Entner-Doudoroff pathway, an alternative to or
substitute for glycolysis or the pentose phosphate
pathway. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossman fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 355
Score = 53.4 bits (129), Expect = 9e-10
Identities = 27/84 (32%), Positives = 39/84 (46%), Gaps = 8/84 (9%)
Query: 10 HGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHA-------CKRSGVGLGTSVLV 62
HG + +++ ++ K+P L + G LLEPL+V A KR LV
Sbjct: 120 HGFMREYFVDDPEYLVKVPPSL-ADVGVLLEPLSVVEKAIEQAEAVQKRLPTWNPRRALV 178
Query: 63 LSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
L AGPIGL+ L + G V +
Sbjct: 179 LGAGPIGLLAALLLRLRGFEVYVL 202
>gnl|CDD|176181 cd05278, FDH_like, Formaldehyde dehydrogenases. Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (aka ADH3) may be
the ancestral form of alcohol dehydrogenase, which
evolved to detoxify formaldehyde. This CD contains
glutathione dependant FDH, glutathione independent FDH,
and related alcohol dehydrogenases. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas
putida aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 347
Score = 52.7 bits (127), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 24/69 (34%), Positives = 37/69 (53%), Gaps = 2/69 (2%)
Query: 21 ADF-CYKLPDHLTLEEGALL-EPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKA 78
AD K+PD L E+ +L + L G H + +G+ G++V V+ AGP+GL + A+
Sbjct: 130 ADMNLAKIPDGLPDEDALMLSDILPTGFHGAELAGIKPGSTVAVIGAGPVGLCAVAGARL 189
Query: 79 YGARVICVC 87
GA I
Sbjct: 190 LGAARIIAV 198
>gnl|CDD|182371 PRK10309, PRK10309, galactitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 347
Score = 52.1 bits (125), Expect = 3e-09
Identities = 23/62 (37%), Positives = 38/62 (61%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+ LP + +E+GA +EP+ VG+HA + G +V+++ AG IGL+ I A A GA+ +
Sbjct: 129 FALPTDMPIEDGAFIEPITVGLHAFHLAQGCEGKNVIIIGAGTIGLLAIQCAVALGAKSV 188
Query: 85 CV 86
Sbjct: 189 TA 190
>gnl|CDD|182130 PRK09880, PRK09880, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 343
Score = 49.7 bits (119), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 28/81 (34%), Positives = 38/81 (46%), Gaps = 2/81 (2%)
Query: 8 PH-HGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG 66
PH G +++ C P+ + A EPLAV +HA ++G G V V G
Sbjct: 120 PHVDGGFTRYKVVDTAQCIPYPEKADEKVMAFAEPLAVAIHAAHQAGDLQGKRVFVSGVG 179
Query: 67 PIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
PIG + + A K GA I VC
Sbjct: 180 PIGCLIVAAVKTLGAAEI-VC 199
>gnl|CDD|180054 PRK05396, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 341
Score = 49.4 bits (119), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 20/58 (34%), Positives = 31/58 (53%), Gaps = 1/58 (1%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGAR 82
+K+PD + + A+ +P VH + +G VL+ AGPIG++ AK GAR
Sbjct: 133 WKIPDDIPDDLAAIFDPFGNAVHTALSFDL-VGEDVLITGAGPIGIMAAAVAKHVGAR 189
>gnl|CDD|223992 COG1064, AdhP, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 339
Score = 47.2 bits (113), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 26/67 (38%), Positives = 36/67 (53%), Gaps = 5/67 (7%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV---HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAK 77
A + K+P+ L L E A L L G+ A K++ V G V V+ AG +G + + AK
Sbjct: 130 ARYVVKIPEGLDLAEAAPL--LCAGITTYRALKKANVKPGKWVAVVGAGGLGHMAVQYAK 187
Query: 78 AYGARVI 84
A GA VI
Sbjct: 188 AMGAEVI 194
>gnl|CDD|176243 cd08283, FDH_like_1, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 1. Members
identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate
and NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 386
Score = 47.1 bits (113), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 27/69 (39%), Positives = 38/69 (55%), Gaps = 3/69 (4%)
Query: 21 ADF-CYKLPDHLTLEEGALL-EPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKA 78
AD +K+PD L+ E+ L + L G HA + + V G +V V GP+GL +AK
Sbjct: 147 ADVGPFKIPDDLSDEKALFLSDILPTGYHAAELAEVKPGDTVAVWGCGPVGLFAARSAKL 206
Query: 79 YGA-RVICV 86
GA RVI +
Sbjct: 207 LGAERVIAI 215
>gnl|CDD|176220 cd08259, Zn_ADH5, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group contains proteins that
share the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine
(His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48), then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 332
Score = 46.9 bits (112), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 31/63 (49%), Positives = 39/63 (61%), Gaps = 2/63 (3%)
Query: 26 KLPDHLTLEEGALLE-PLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGARV 83
KLPD+++ E AL + VHA KR+GV G +VLV A G +G+ I AKA GARV
Sbjct: 131 KLPDNVSDESAALAACVVGTAVHALKRAGVKKGDTVLVTGAGGGVGIHAIQLAKALGARV 190
Query: 84 ICV 86
I V
Sbjct: 191 IAV 193
>gnl|CDD|129775 TIGR00692, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase. This protein is a
tetrameric, zinc-binding, NAD-dependent enzyme of
threonine catabolism. Closely related proteins include
sorbitol dehydrogenase, xylitol dehydrogenase, and
benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Eukaryotic examples of
this enzyme have been demonstrated experimentally but do
not appear in database search results.E. coli His-90
modulates substrate specificity and is believed part of
the active site [Energy metabolism, Amino acids and
amines].
Length = 340
Score = 46.8 bits (111), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 29/76 (38%), Positives = 38/76 (50%), Gaps = 1/76 (1%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGL 70
G +++ A +K P + E + EPL VH +G G SVLV AGPIGL
Sbjct: 117 GCFAEYAVVPAQNIWKNPKSIPPEYATIQEPLGNAVHTV-LAGPISGKSVLVTGAGPIGL 175
Query: 71 VTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
+ I AKA GA + V
Sbjct: 176 MAIAVAKASGAYPVIV 191
>gnl|CDD|176244 cd08284, FDH_like_2, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 2.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs)
are members of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)
is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD
to formate and NADH. The initial step in this process
the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation (and
detoxification) of the adduct to S-formylglutathione.
These tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that resides
between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 344
Score = 46.1 bits (110), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 24/61 (39%), Positives = 34/61 (55%), Gaps = 1/61 (1%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALL-EPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARV 83
KLPD L+ E LL + L G KR+ V G +V V+ GP+GL +L+A+ GA
Sbjct: 135 LKLPDGLSDEAALLLGDILPTGYFGAKRAQVRPGDTVAVIGCGPVGLCAVLSAQVLGAAR 194
Query: 84 I 84
+
Sbjct: 195 V 195
>gnl|CDD|176184 cd05281, TDH, Threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via NAD(H)-
dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal region typically
has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria) and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose reductase
are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 341
Score = 45.7 bits (109), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 23/62 (37%), Positives = 31/62 (50%), Gaps = 1/62 (1%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+K + E ++ EPL VH V G SVL+ GPIGL+ I AKA GA ++
Sbjct: 133 WKNDKDIPPEIASIQEPLGNAVHTVLAGDV-SGKSVLITGCGPIGLMAIAVAKAAGASLV 191
Query: 85 CV 86
Sbjct: 192 IA 193
>gnl|CDD|176193 cd08231, MDR_TM0436_like, Hypothetical enzyme TM0436 resembles the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH). This group
contains the hypothetical TM0436 alcohol dehydrogenase
from Thermotoga maritima, proteins annotated as
5-exo-alcohol dehydrogenase, and other members of the
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
MDR, which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. MDRs display
a broad range of activities and are distinguished from
the smaller short chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino
acids vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR
proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)
binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and an
N-terminal catalytic domain with distant homology to
GroES. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 361
Score = 45.7 bits (109), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 31/88 (35%), Positives = 44/88 (50%), Gaps = 4/88 (4%)
Query: 3 FCATPPHHGNLSQF-YKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGAL-LEPLAVGVHACKRSG-VGLGTS 59
C P G ++ Y ++PD++ E A LA + A R+G VG G +
Sbjct: 121 SCDDPHLSGGYAEHIYLPPGTAIVRVPDNVPDEVAAPANCALATVLAALDRAGPVGAGDT 180
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA-RVICV 86
V+V AGP+GL + AAK GA RVI +
Sbjct: 181 VVVQGAGPLGLYAVAAAKLAGARRVIVI 208
>gnl|CDD|176230 cd08269, Zn_ADH9, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 312
Score = 43.9 bits (104), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 23/76 (30%), Positives = 36/76 (47%), Gaps = 1/76 (1%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGL 70
G +++ AD LP L + EPL ++ +R + G +V V+ AG IGL
Sbjct: 85 GAFAEYDLADADHAVPLPSLL-DGQAFPGEPLGCALNVFRRGWIRAGKTVAVIGAGFIGL 143
Query: 71 VTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
+ + A A GAR +
Sbjct: 144 LFLQLAAAAGARRVIA 159
>gnl|CDD|176203 cd08241, QOR1, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). QOR catalyzes the
conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone +
NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts in the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 43.6 bits (104), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 34/87 (39%), Positives = 45/87 (51%), Gaps = 7/87 (8%)
Query: 2 VFCATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV--HACK-RSGVGLGT 58
V T G ++ A + LPD L+ EE A L P+ G HA R+ + G
Sbjct: 85 VVALTG--QGGFAEEVVVPAAAVFPLPDGLSFEEAAAL-PVTYGTAYHALVRRARLQPGE 141
Query: 59 SVLVL-SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+VLVL +AG +GL + AKA GARVI
Sbjct: 142 TVLVLGAAGGVGLAAVQLAKALGARVI 168
>gnl|CDD|176245 cd08285, NADP_ADH, NADP(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. This
group is predominated by atypical alcohol
dehydrogenases; they exist as tetramers and exhibit
specificity for NADP(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like other zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH)
of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase
family (MDR), tetrameric ADHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains;
however, they do not have and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 43.8 bits (104), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 23/64 (35%), Positives = 37/64 (57%), Gaps = 2/64 (3%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALL-EPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA-R 82
LPD LT E+ +L + ++ G H + + + LG +V V GP+GL+ + A+ GA R
Sbjct: 134 APLPDGLTDEQAVMLPDMMSTGFHGAELANIKLGDTVAVFGIGPVGLMAVAGARLRGAGR 193
Query: 83 VICV 86
+I V
Sbjct: 194 IIAV 197
>gnl|CDD|176204 cd08242, MDR_like, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family, including threonine dehydrogenase.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes
various activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 18/81 (22%), Positives = 35/81 (43%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPI 68
G +++ + + +PD + E+ EPLA + ++ + G V VL G +
Sbjct: 108 RDGAFAEYLTLPLENLHVVPDLVPDEQAVFAEPLAAALEILEQVPITPGDKVAVLGDGKL 167
Query: 69 GLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKY 89
GL+ G V+ V ++
Sbjct: 168 GLLIAQVLALTGPDVVLVGRH 188
>gnl|CDD|176226 cd08265, Zn_ADH3, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
and has the catalytic and structural zinc-binding sites
characteristic of this group. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines. Other MDR members have only a catalytic zinc,
and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 384
Score = 43.7 bits (103), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 28/88 (31%), Positives = 41/88 (46%), Gaps = 10/88 (11%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHL-------TLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGL--GTS 59
G +++ A + +++ + E GAL+EP +V + G G G
Sbjct: 147 ADGAFAEYIAVNARYAWEINELREIYSEDKAFEAGALVEPTSVAYNGLFIRGGGFRPGAY 206
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA-RVICV 86
V+V AGPIGL I AKA GA +VI
Sbjct: 207 VVVYGAGPIGLAAIALAKAAGASKVIAF 234
>gnl|CDD|176210 cd08248, RTN4I1, Human Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1. Human
Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 is a member of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/ reductase (MDR) family.
Riticulons are endoplasmic reticulum associated proteins
involved in membrane trafficking and neuroendocrine
secretion. The MDR/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 350
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 28/96 (29%), Positives = 39/96 (40%), Gaps = 12/96 (12%)
Query: 2 VFCATPPHH-GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV---HACKRSGV--- 54
V+ A PP G +++ + K P +L+ EE A L G+ A G
Sbjct: 101 VWGAVPPWSQGTHAEYVVVPENEVSKKPKNLSHEEAASL--PYAGLTAWSALVNVGGLNP 158
Query: 55 --GLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
G VL+L G +G I KA+GA V C
Sbjct: 159 KNAAGKRVLILGGSGGVGTFAIQLLKAWGAHVTTTC 194
>gnl|CDD|184316 PRK13771, PRK13771, putative alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 42.3 bits (100), Expect = 8e-06
Identities = 26/64 (40%), Positives = 39/64 (60%), Gaps = 4/64 (6%)
Query: 26 KLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVG--VHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGAR 82
K+P +++ +EGA++ P G +R+GV G +VLV A G +G+ I AKA GA+
Sbjct: 131 KVPPNVS-DEGAVIVPCVTGMVYRGLRRAGVKKGETVLVTGAGGGVGIHAIQVAKALGAK 189
Query: 83 VICV 86
VI V
Sbjct: 190 VIAV 193
>gnl|CDD|223677 COG0604, Qor, NADPH:quinone reductase and related Zn-dependent
oxidoreductases [Energy production and conversion /
General function prediction only].
Length = 326
Score = 41.9 bits (99), Expect = 9e-06
Identities = 30/87 (34%), Positives = 40/87 (45%), Gaps = 5/87 (5%)
Query: 2 VFCATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVG-VHAC--KRSGVGLGT 58
G +++ AD+ LPD L+ EE A L PLA R+G+ G
Sbjct: 86 AALGGVGRDGGYAEYVVVPADWLVPLPDGLSFEEAAAL-PLAGLTAWLALFDRAGLKPGE 144
Query: 59 SVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+VLV A G +G I AKA GA V+
Sbjct: 145 TVLVHGAAGGVGSAAIQLAKALGATVV 171
>gnl|CDD|182229 PRK10083, PRK10083, putative oxidoreductase; Provisional.
Length = 339
Score = 42.0 bits (99), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 18/77 (23%), Positives = 35/77 (45%), Gaps = 1/77 (1%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGL 70
G S++ A +++PD + + ++EP + + R+G L+ AGP+GL
Sbjct: 115 GGFSEYAVVPAKNAHRIPDAIADQYAVMVEPFTIAANVTGRTGPTEQDVALIYGAGPVGL 174
Query: 71 VTILAAK-AYGARVICV 86
+ K Y + + V
Sbjct: 175 TIVQVLKGVYNVKAVIV 191
>gnl|CDD|176237 cd08276, MDR7, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 336
Score = 40.6 bits (96), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 29/82 (35%), Positives = 40/82 (48%), Gaps = 6/82 (7%)
Query: 7 PPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHA----CKRSGVGLGTSVLV 62
P G L+++ + + PDHL+ EE A L P A G+ A + G +VLV
Sbjct: 109 GPIDGVLAEYVVLPEEGLVRAPDHLSFEEAATL-PCA-GLTAWNALFGLGPLKPGDTVLV 166
Query: 63 LSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G + L + AKA GARVI
Sbjct: 167 QGTGGVSLFALQFAKAAGARVI 188
>gnl|CDD|176179 cd05195, enoyl_red, enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Putative enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Polyketide synthases produce polyketides in step by step
mechanism that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl
reductase reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin
is one example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex
enzymes (megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase
(ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 293
Score = 39.1 bits (92), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 24/71 (33%), Positives = 34/71 (47%), Gaps = 5/71 (7%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVG--VHA-CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAA 76
A K+PD L+ EE A L P+A +A + + G SVL+ +A G +G I A
Sbjct: 71 ARLVVKIPDSLSFEEAATL-PVAYLTAYYALVDLARLQKGESVLIHAAAGGVGQAAIQLA 129
Query: 77 KAYGARVICVC 87
+ GA V
Sbjct: 130 QHLGAEVFATV 140
>gnl|CDD|176221 cd08260, Zn_ADH6, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group has the characteristic
catalytic and structural zinc sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde
to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR),
which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold
of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs
in the cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 345
Score = 39.1 bits (92), Expect = 9e-05
Identities = 26/82 (31%), Positives = 37/82 (45%), Gaps = 4/82 (4%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYK-HAADF-CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLE-PLAVGVHA-CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLS 64
H G+ +++ AD +LPD + A L A A ++ V G V V
Sbjct: 114 HPGSFAEYVAVPRADVNLVRLPDDVDFVTAAGLGCRFATAFRALVHQARVKPGEWVAVHG 173
Query: 65 AGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
G +GL ++ A A GARVI V
Sbjct: 174 CGGVGLSAVMIASALGARVIAV 195
>gnl|CDD|176225 cd08264, Zn_ADH_like2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the medium chain dehydrogenase family.
However, this subgroup does not contain the
characteristic catalytic zinc site. Also, it contains an
atypical structural zinc-binding pattern:
DxxCxxCxxxxxxxC. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 38.5 bits (90), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 26/65 (40%), Positives = 37/65 (56%), Gaps = 4/65 (6%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAV--GVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGA 81
+K+PD ++ E A L P+A HA K +G+G G +V+V A G G+ + AK GA
Sbjct: 130 FKIPDSISDELAASL-PVAALTAYHALKTAGLGPGETVVVFGASGNTGIFAVQLAKMMGA 188
Query: 82 RVICV 86
VI V
Sbjct: 189 EVIAV 193
>gnl|CDD|176211 cd08249, enoyl_reductase_like, enoyl_reductase_like. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 339
Score = 38.3 bits (90), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 24/102 (23%), Positives = 37/102 (36%), Gaps = 24/102 (23%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAA---------DFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAV-----GVHAC----- 49
HG ++ A D K+PD+++ EE A L P+ + +
Sbjct: 86 VHGGNPNDPRNGAFQEYVVADADLTAKIPDNISFEEAATL-PVGLVTAALALFQKLGLPL 144
Query: 50 ---KRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG-PIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
K S G VL+ +G + I AK G +VI
Sbjct: 145 PPPKPSPASKGKPVLIWGGSSSVGTLAIQLAKLAGYKVITTA 186
>gnl|CDD|176227 cd08266, Zn_ADH_like1, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group contains proteins related to the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. However, while
the group has structural zinc site characteristic of
these enzymes, it lacks the consensus site for a
catalytic zinc. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 342
Score = 38.4 bits (90), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 26/79 (32%), Positives = 37/79 (46%), Gaps = 5/79 (6%)
Query: 10 HGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV--HAC-KRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG 66
G +++ A +PD+L+ EE A PL H R+ + G +VLV AG
Sbjct: 118 DGGYAEYVAVPARNLLPIPDNLSFEEAAAA-PLTFLTAWHMLVTRARLRPGETVLVHGAG 176
Query: 67 P-IGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+G I AK +GA VI
Sbjct: 177 SGVGSAAIQIAKLFGATVI 195
>gnl|CDD|176242 cd08282, PFDH_like, Pseudomonas putida aldehyde-dismutating
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (PFDH). Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas putida
aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. PFDH converts 2 molecules of
aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol.
MDH family uses NAD(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase family
(MDR), these tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains
and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
Unlike ADH, where NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor, NADH in
FDH is a tightly bound redox cofactor (similar to
nicotinamide proteins). The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of an beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 375
Score = 37.6 bits (88), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 26/79 (32%), Positives = 36/79 (45%), Gaps = 13/79 (16%)
Query: 21 ADF-CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEP--------LAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLV 71
ADF KLPD +GA + G H + +GV G +V V AGP+GL+
Sbjct: 136 ADFNLLKLPD----RDGAKEKDDYLMLSDIFPTGWHGLELAGVQPGDTVAVFGAGPVGLM 191
Query: 72 TILAAKAYGARVICVCKYV 90
+A GA + V +V
Sbjct: 192 AAYSAILRGASRVYVVDHV 210
>gnl|CDD|176208 cd08246, crotonyl_coA_red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. Crotonyl-CoA
reductase, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent conversion of crotonyl-CoA to
butyryl-CoA, a step in (2S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
production for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.
Like enoyl reductase, another enzyme in fatty acid
synthesis, crotonyl-CoA reductase is a member of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 393
Score = 37.0 bits (86), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 24/84 (28%), Positives = 39/84 (46%), Gaps = 9/84 (10%)
Query: 10 HGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVG------VHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVL 63
+G+ +QF A P HL+ EE A + VG + + V G +VL+
Sbjct: 143 YGSFAQFALVQATQLMPKPKHLSWEEAAA--YMLVGATAYRMLFGWNPNTVKPGDNVLIW 200
Query: 64 -SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
++G +G + I A+A GA + V
Sbjct: 201 GASGGLGSMAIQLARAAGANPVAV 224
>gnl|CDD|176241 cd08281, liver_ADH_like1, Zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH) and class III ADG (AKA formaldehyde
dehydrogenase). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. This group contains members
identified as zinc dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH), and class III ADG (aka formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, FDH). Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
Class III ADH are also know as glutathione-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), which convert
aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acid and
alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 371
Score = 36.2 bits (84), Expect = 9e-04
Identities = 29/85 (34%), Positives = 39/85 (45%), Gaps = 7/85 (8%)
Query: 6 TPPHHGNLSQFYKHA---ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAV--GVHACKRS-GVGLGTS 59
HH +S F ++A K+ + LE AL AV GV A + GV G S
Sbjct: 136 EINHHLGVSAFAEYAVVSRRSVVKIDKDVPLEIAALFG-CAVLTGVGAVVNTAGVRPGQS 194
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
V V+ G +GL +L A A GA +
Sbjct: 195 VAVVGLGGVGLSALLGAVAAGASQV 219
>gnl|CDD|176216 cd08254, hydroxyacyl_CoA_DH, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase,
and other MDR family members. This group contains
enzymes of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
family, including members (aka MDR) identified as
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase and
N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase.
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase
catalyzes the conversion of
6-Hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA and NAD+ to
6-Ketoxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA,NADH, and H+. This
group displays the characteristic catalytic and
structural zinc sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 338
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 25/67 (37%), Positives = 34/67 (50%), Gaps = 10/67 (14%)
Query: 26 KLPDHLTLEEG-----ALLEPLAVGVHACKRSG-VGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAY 79
+PD + + A+L P HA R+G V G +VLV+ G +GL + AKA
Sbjct: 133 PVPDGVPFAQAAVATDAVLTPY----HAVVRAGEVKPGETVLVIGLGGLGLNAVQIAKAM 188
Query: 80 GARVICV 86
GA VI V
Sbjct: 189 GAAVIAV 195
>gnl|CDD|176247 cd08287, FDH_like_ADH3, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group contains proteins identified as alcohol
dehydrogenases and glutathione-dependant formaldehyde
dehydrogenases (FDH) of the zinc-dependent/medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family. The MDR family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. FDH converts formaldehyde
and NAD to formate and NADH. The initial step in this
process the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation (and
detoxification) of the adduct to S-formylglutathione.
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has
a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 21/49 (42%), Positives = 31/49 (63%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 37 ALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA-RVI 84
AL + + G HA +GV G++V+V+ G +GL +LAAK GA R+I
Sbjct: 149 ALSDVMGTGHHAAVSAGVRPGSTVVVVGDGAVGLCAVLAAKRLGAERII 197
>gnl|CDD|176258 cd08298, CAD2, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 329
Score = 35.6 bits (83), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 18/67 (26%), Positives = 28/67 (41%), Gaps = 1/67 (1%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGA-LLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAY 79
F Y +P+ EE A LL +G A K +G+ G + + G + + A+
Sbjct: 131 ERFAYPIPEDYDDEEAAPLLCAGIIGYRALKLAGLKPGQRLGLYGFGASAHLALQIARYQ 190
Query: 80 GARVICV 86
GA V
Sbjct: 191 GAEVFAF 197
>gnl|CDD|214840 smart00829, PKS_ER, Enoylreductase. Enoylreductase in Polyketide
synthases.
Length = 287
Score = 35.4 bits (83), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 20/69 (28%), Positives = 31/69 (44%), Gaps = 5/69 (7%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVG--VHA-CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAA 76
A +PD + EE A + P+ +A + + G SVL+ +A G +G I A
Sbjct: 66 ARLVVPIPDGWSFEEAATV-PVVFLTAYYALVDLARLRPGESVLIHAAAGGVGQAAIQLA 124
Query: 77 KAYGARVIC 85
+ GA V
Sbjct: 125 RHLGAEVFA 133
>gnl|CDD|176182 cd05279, Zn_ADH1, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase and related
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48), then the alcohol, which allows the transfer of
a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 20/64 (31%), Positives = 30/64 (46%), Gaps = 3/64 (4%)
Query: 26 KLPDHLTLEEGALLE-PLAVGVHAC-KRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA-R 82
K+ LE+ L+ + G A + V G++ V G +GL I+ KA GA R
Sbjct: 151 KIDPDAPLEKVCLIGCGFSTGYGAAVNTAKVTPGSTCAVFGLGGVGLSVIMGCKAAGASR 210
Query: 83 VICV 86
+I V
Sbjct: 211 IIAV 214
>gnl|CDD|234025 TIGR02819, fdhA_non_GSH, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
glutathione-independent. Members of this family
represent a distinct clade within the larger family of
zinc-dependent dehydrogenases of medium chain alcohols,
a family that also includes the so-called
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase.
Members of this protein family have a tightly bound NAD
that can act as a true cofactor, rather than a
cosubstrate in dehydrogenase reactions, in dismutase
reactions for some aldehydes. The name given to this
family, however, is formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
glutathione-independent [Central intermediary
metabolism, One-carbon metabolism].
Length = 393
Score = 35.2 bits (81), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 17/45 (37%), Positives = 25/45 (55%)
Query: 42 LAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
G H +GVG G++V + AGP+GL +A+ GA V+ V
Sbjct: 171 FPTGYHGAVTAGVGPGSTVYIAGAGPVGLAAAASAQLLGAAVVIV 215
>gnl|CDD|176236 cd08275, MDR3, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 34.9 bits (81), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 22/51 (43%), Gaps = 6/51 (11%)
Query: 20 AADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHA----CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG 66
AD + LPD ++ EE A + A + + G SVLV SA
Sbjct: 100 PADQVFPLPDGMSFEEAAAF--PVNYLTAYYALFELGNLRPGQSVLVHSAA 148
>gnl|CDD|176186 cd05283, CAD1, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step of
monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD binds 2
zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family members
are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in yeast where
they have an aldehyde reductase activity. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion
of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc
has a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 34.4 bits (80), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 25/81 (30%), Positives = 37/81 (45%), Gaps = 7/81 (8%)
Query: 8 PHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPL---AVGVHAC-KRSGVGLGTSVLVL 63
G + F +K+P+ L A PL + V++ KR+GVG G V V+
Sbjct: 120 ITQGGYADHIVVDERFVFKIPEGLDSAAAA---PLLCAGITVYSPLKRNGVGPGKRVGVV 176
Query: 64 SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G +G + + AKA GA V
Sbjct: 177 GIGGLGHLAVKFAKALGAEVT 197
>gnl|CDD|176228 cd08267, MDR1, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 34.5 bits (80), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 31/92 (33%), Positives = 42/92 (45%), Gaps = 8/92 (8%)
Query: 2 VFCATPP-HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHAC----KRSGVGL 56
VF PP G L+++ K P+ ++ EE A L P+A G+ A V
Sbjct: 86 VFGRLPPKGGGALAEYVVAPESGLAKKPEGVSFEEAAAL-PVA-GLTALQALRDAGKVKP 143
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
G VL+ A G +G + AKA GA V VC
Sbjct: 144 GQRVLINGASGGVGTFAVQIAKALGAHVTGVC 175
>gnl|CDD|176246 cd08286, FDH_like_ADH2, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group is related to formaldehyde dehydrogenase
(FDH), which is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. This family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Another member is identified
as a dihydroxyacetone reductase. Like the zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), tetrameric FDHs
have a catalytic zinc that resides between the catalytic
and NAD(H)binding domains and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. Unlike ADH, where
NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor, NADH in FDH is a tightly
bound redox cofactor (similar to nicotinamide proteins).
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has
a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 34.1 bits (79), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 24/74 (32%), Positives = 37/74 (50%), Gaps = 9/74 (12%)
Query: 19 HAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLE---PLA--VGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTI 73
HA + YKLP+ + E +L P GV V G +V ++ AGP+GL +
Sbjct: 127 HADNSLYKLPEGVDEEAAVMLSDILPTGYECGVLN---GKVKPGDTVAIVGAGPVGLAAL 183
Query: 74 LAAKAYG-ARVICV 86
L A+ Y +++I V
Sbjct: 184 LTAQLYSPSKIIMV 197
>gnl|CDD|176233 cd08272, MDR6, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 326
Score = 34.1 bits (79), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 29/81 (35%), Positives = 42/81 (51%), Gaps = 7/81 (8%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHA----CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLS 64
G+L+++ A P +L++ E A L PL VG+ A R+ V G +VL+
Sbjct: 95 LQGSLAEYAVVDARLLALKPANLSMREAAAL-PL-VGITAWEGLVDRAAVQAGQTVLIHG 152
Query: 65 -AGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
AG +G V + AKA GARV
Sbjct: 153 GAGGVGHVAVQLAKAAGARVY 173
>gnl|CDD|233382 TIGR01372, soxA, sarcosine oxidase, alpha subunit family,
heterotetrameric form. This model describes the alpha
subunit of a family of known and putative
heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidases. Five operons of
such oxidases are found in Mesorhizobium loti and three
in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a high enough copy number
to suggest that not all members are share the same
function. The model is designated as subfamily rather
than equivalog for this reason.Sarcosine oxidase
catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of sarcosine to
glycine. The reaction converts tetrahydrofolate to
5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate. The enzyme is known in
monomeric and heterotetrameric (alpha,beta,gamma,delta)
forms [Energy metabolism, Amino acids and amines].
Length = 985
Score = 33.9 bits (78), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 17/29 (58%), Positives = 18/29 (62%)
Query: 58 TSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
VLV+ AGP GL LAA GARVI V
Sbjct: 164 CDVLVVGAGPAGLAAALAAARAGARVILV 192
>gnl|CDD|176215 cd08253, zeta_crystallin, Zeta-crystallin with NADP-dependent
quinone reductase activity (QOR). Zeta-crystallin is a
eye lens protein with NADP-dependent quinone reductase
activity (QOR). It has been cited as a structural
component in mammalian eyes, but also has homology to
quinone reductases in unrelated species. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 33.7 bits (78), Expect = 0.007
Identities = 25/73 (34%), Positives = 36/73 (49%), Gaps = 13/73 (17%)
Query: 20 AADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHAC-------KRSGVGLGTSVLVL-SAGPIGLV 71
AD LPD ++ E+GA A+G+ A R+G G +VLV +G +G
Sbjct: 106 PADQLVPLPDGVSFEQGA-----ALGIPALTAYRALFHRAGAKAGETVLVHGGSGAVGHA 160
Query: 72 TILAAKAYGARVI 84
+ A+ GARVI
Sbjct: 161 AVQLARWAGARVI 173
>gnl|CDD|176249 cd08289, MDR_yhfp_like, Yhfp putative quinone oxidoreductases.
yhfp putative quinone oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 326
Score = 33.8 bits (78), Expect = 0.007
Identities = 23/82 (28%), Positives = 39/82 (47%), Gaps = 6/82 (7%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLE----PLAVGVHACKRSGVGL-GTSVLVL 63
HHG S++ + A++ LP LTL+E +L A+ +H + +G+ VLV
Sbjct: 94 HHGGYSEYARVPAEWVVPLPKGLTLKEAMILGTAGFTAALSIHRLEENGLTPEQGPVLVT 153
Query: 64 SA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
A G +G + + G V+
Sbjct: 154 GATGGVGSLAVSILAKLGYEVV 175
>gnl|CDD|176180 cd05276, p53_inducible_oxidoreductase, PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase. PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase, a medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family member, acts in the apoptotic pathway. PIG3
reduces ortho-quinones, but its apoptotic activity has
been attributed to oxidative stress generation, since
overexpression of PIG3 accumulates reactive oxygen
species. PIG3 resembles the MDR family member quinone
reductases, which catalyze the reduction of quinone to
hydroxyquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 33.2 bits (77), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 23/70 (32%), Positives = 31/70 (44%), Gaps = 3/70 (4%)
Query: 21 ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGA-LLEPLAVGVHA-CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLS-AGPIGLVTILAAK 77
A +P+ L+L E A L E + G+ G +VL+ A +G I AK
Sbjct: 102 AGQLLPVPEGLSLVEAAALPEVFFTAWQNLFQLGGLKAGETVLIHGGASGVGTAAIQLAK 161
Query: 78 AYGARVICVC 87
A GARVI
Sbjct: 162 ALGARVIATA 171
>gnl|CDD|234027 TIGR02824, quinone_pig3, putative NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase,
PIG3 family. Members of this family are putative
quinone oxidoreductases that belong to the broader
superfamily (modeled by Pfam pfam00107) of
zinc-dependent alcohol (of medium chain length)
dehydrogenases and quinone oxiooreductases. The
alignment shows no motif of conserved Cys residues as
are found in zinc-binding members of the superfamily,
and members are likely to be quinone oxidoreductases
instead. A member of this family in Homo sapiens, PIG3,
is induced by p53 but is otherwise uncharacterized
[Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 325
Score = 32.6 bits (75), Expect = 0.018
Identities = 25/80 (31%), Positives = 37/80 (46%), Gaps = 3/80 (3%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHA--CKRSGVGLGTSVLVLS-AGP 67
G +++ A +P+ L+L E A L V + +R G+ G +VL+ A
Sbjct: 92 GGYAEYVAVPAGQVLPVPEGLSLVEAAALPETFFTVWSNLFQRGGLKAGETVLIHGGASG 151
Query: 68 IGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
IG I AKA+GARV
Sbjct: 152 IGTTAIQLAKAFGARVFTTA 171
>gnl|CDD|176191 cd05289, MDR_like_2, alcohol dehydrogenase and quinone
reductase-like medium chain degydrogenases/reductases.
Members identified as zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases and quinone oxidoreductase. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 309
Score = 32.5 bits (75), Expect = 0.019
Identities = 31/92 (33%), Positives = 43/92 (46%), Gaps = 14/92 (15%)
Query: 2 VFCATPPHH-GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPL-------AVGVHACKRSG 53
VF TP G +++ AD P +L+ EE A L PL A+ G
Sbjct: 87 VFGMTPFTRGGAYAEYVVVPADELALKPANLSFEEAAAL-PLAGLTAWQALFELG----G 141
Query: 54 VGLGTSVLVL-SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+ G +VL+ +AG +G + AKA GARVI
Sbjct: 142 LKAGQTVLIHGAAGGVGSFAVQLAKARGARVI 173
>gnl|CDD|176240 cd08279, Zn_ADH_class_III, Class III alcohol dehydrogenase.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs,
Class III ADH) are members of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. Class III ADH are also known as
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH),
which convert aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid
and alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 363
Score = 32.1 bits (74), Expect = 0.027
Identities = 20/66 (30%), Positives = 28/66 (42%), Gaps = 8/66 (12%)
Query: 24 CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV-----HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKA 78
K+ D + L+ ALL GV + V G +V V+ G +GL I A+
Sbjct: 148 VVKIDDDIPLDRAALL---GCGVTTGVGAVVNTARVRPGDTVAVIGCGGVGLNAIQGARI 204
Query: 79 YGARVI 84
GA I
Sbjct: 205 AGASRI 210
>gnl|CDD|223990 COG1062, AdhC, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, class III
[Energy production and conversion].
Length = 366
Score = 31.8 bits (73), Expect = 0.037
Identities = 16/43 (37%), Positives = 20/43 (46%), Gaps = 5/43 (11%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGIRIFPYKK 99
G +V V G +GL I AKA GA I + + I P K
Sbjct: 186 GDTVAVFGLGGVGLAAIQGAKAAGAGRI-----IAVDINPEKL 223
>gnl|CDD|176207 cd08245, CAD, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD) and related
proteins. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD),
members of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes, or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 330
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.053
Identities = 22/79 (27%), Positives = 36/79 (45%), Gaps = 5/79 (6%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV---HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA 65
G +++ A++ LPD L L + A L L G+ A + +G G V VL
Sbjct: 114 TQGGYAEYMVADAEYTVLLPDGLPLAQAAPL--LCAGITVYSALRDAGPRPGERVAVLGI 171
Query: 66 GPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G +G + + A+A G +
Sbjct: 172 GGLGHLAVQYARAMGFETV 190
>gnl|CDD|176257 cd08297, CAD3, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 31.0 bits (71), Expect = 0.060
Identities = 27/83 (32%), Positives = 41/83 (49%), Gaps = 10/83 (12%)
Query: 10 HGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV---HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG 66
G +++ A + +PD L+ E+ A L L GV A K++G+ G V++ AG
Sbjct: 118 DGTFAEYAIADARYVTPIPDGLSFEQAAPL--LCAGVTVYKALKKAGLKPGDWVVISGAG 175
Query: 67 PIGLVTILA---AKAYGARVICV 86
G + L AKA G RVI +
Sbjct: 176 --GGLGHLGVQYAKAMGLRVIAI 196
>gnl|CDD|176239 cd08278, benzyl_alcohol_DH, Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Benzyl
alcohol dehydrogenase is similar to liver alcohol
dehydrogenase, but has some amino acid substitutions
near the active site, which may determine the enzyme's
specificity of oxidizing aromatic substrates. Also
known as aryl-alcohol dehydrogenases, they catalyze the
conversion of an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ to an aromatic
aldehyde + NADH + H+. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 365
Score = 30.9 bits (71), Expect = 0.063
Identities = 28/93 (30%), Positives = 40/93 (43%), Gaps = 22/93 (23%)
Query: 7 PPHHGNL---SQFYKHA---ADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGL---- 56
P HG+ S F +A K+ + LE LL PL G+ ++G G
Sbjct: 129 TPVHGHFFGQSSFATYAVVHERNVVKVDKDVPLE---LLAPLGCGI----QTGAGAVLNV 181
Query: 57 -----GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G+S+ V AG +GL ++AAK G I
Sbjct: 182 LKPRPGSSIAVFGAGAVGLAAVMAAKIAGCTTI 214
>gnl|CDD|176229 cd08268, MDR2, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 328
Score = 30.6 bits (70), Expect = 0.081
Identities = 23/66 (34%), Positives = 33/66 (50%), Gaps = 3/66 (4%)
Query: 26 KLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHAC--KRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILAAKAYGAR 82
KLPD L+ E A L + + + +G+ G SVL+ +A +GL I A A GA
Sbjct: 112 KLPDGLSFVEAAALWMQYLTAYGALVELAGLRPGDSVLITAASSSVGLAAIQIANAAGAT 171
Query: 83 VICVCK 88
VI +
Sbjct: 172 VIATTR 177
>gnl|CDD|176206 cd08244, MDR_enoyl_red, Possible enoyl reductase. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 30.8 bits (70), Expect = 0.086
Identities = 21/69 (30%), Positives = 32/69 (46%), Gaps = 6/69 (8%)
Query: 20 AADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHAC---KRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GPIGLVTILA 75
D + +PD L LE + + G A + + G VLV +A G +G + +
Sbjct: 105 DVDSLHPVPDGLDLEAAVAV--VHDGRTALGLLDLATLTPGDVVLVTAAAGGLGSLLVQL 162
Query: 76 AKAYGARVI 84
AKA GA V+
Sbjct: 163 AKAAGATVV 171
>gnl|CDD|236101 PRK07803, sdhA, succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit;
Reviewed.
Length = 626
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 17/29 (58%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCK 88
V+V+ AG GL + A+ G RV VCK
Sbjct: 11 VVVIGAGGAGLRAAIEARERGLRVAVVCK 39
>gnl|CDD|176224 cd08263, Zn_ADH10, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 367
Score = 29.3 bits (66), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 22/63 (34%), Positives = 29/63 (46%), Gaps = 4/63 (6%)
Query: 25 YKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV--HACKRSG-VGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGA 81
LP+ L E A+L A A K + V G +V V+ G +G I AKA+GA
Sbjct: 154 APLPESLDYTESAVLG-CAGFTAYGALKHAADVRPGETVAVIGVGGVGSSAIQLAKAFGA 212
Query: 82 RVI 84
I
Sbjct: 213 SPI 215
>gnl|CDD|176248 cd08288, MDR_yhdh, Yhdh putative quinone oxidoreductases. Yhdh
putative quinone oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 324
Score = 29.0 bits (66), Expect = 0.29
Identities = 25/84 (29%), Positives = 35/84 (41%), Gaps = 18/84 (21%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVG---------VHACKRSGVGLGTS 59
H G +Q + AD+ LP+ L+ + A+G V A + GV G
Sbjct: 94 HWGGYAQRARVKADWLVPLPEGLSARQAM-----AIGTAGFTAMLCVMALEDHGVTPGDG 148
Query: 60 -VLVLSA-GPIG--LVTILAAKAY 79
VLV A G +G V +LA Y
Sbjct: 149 PVLVTGAAGGVGSVAVALLARLGY 172
>gnl|CDD|176235 cd08274, MDR9, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 350
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.36
Identities = 25/80 (31%), Positives = 38/80 (47%), Gaps = 4/80 (5%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGV--HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSA-GP 67
G +++ A+ Y + L+ E A P + + +R+GVG G +VLV A G
Sbjct: 131 GGFAEYTVVPAENAYPVNSPLSDVELATF-PCSYSTAENMLERAGVGAGETVLVTGASGG 189
Query: 68 IGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
+G + AK GA VI V
Sbjct: 190 VGSALVQLAKRRGAIVIAVA 209
>gnl|CDD|181001 PRK07494, PRK07494, 2-octaprenyl-6-methoxyphenyl hydroxylase;
Provisional.
Length = 388
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.41
Identities = 11/29 (37%), Positives = 14/29 (48%)
Query: 58 TSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
T + V+ GP GL +A GA V V
Sbjct: 8 TDIAVIGGGPAGLAAAIALARAGASVALV 36
>gnl|CDD|176260 cd08300, alcohol_DH_class_III, class III alcohol dehydrogenases.
Members identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the zinc
dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family.
FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and
NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 368
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.41
Identities = 18/43 (41%), Positives = 22/43 (51%), Gaps = 5/43 (11%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGIRIFPYKK 99
G++V V G +GL I AKA GA I +GI I P K
Sbjct: 187 GSTVAVFGLGAVGLAVIQGAKAAGASRI-----IGIDINPDKF 224
>gnl|CDD|240620 cd01619, LDH_like, D-Lactate and related Dehydrogenases,
NAD-binding and catalytic domains. D-Lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyzes the interconversion of
pyruvate and lactate, and is a member of the
2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. LDH is homologous to
D-2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid dehydrogenase (D-HicDH) and
shares the 2 domain structure of formate dehydrogenase.
D-HicDH is a NAD-dependent member of the
hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase family, and shares the
Rossmann fold typical of many NAD binding proteins.
D-HicDH from Lactobacillus casei forms a monomer and
catalyzes the reaction R-CO-COO(-) + NADH + H+ to
R-COH-COO(-) + NAD+. Similar to the structurally
distinct L-HicDH, D-HicDH exhibits low side-chain R
specificity, accepting a wide range of 2-oxocarboxylic
acid side chains. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase
(HGDH) catalyzes the NAD-dependent reduction of
2-oxoglutarate to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate.
Formate/glycerate and related dehydrogenases of the
D-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase superfamily
include groups such as formate dehydrogenase, glycerate
dehydrogenase, L-alanine dehydrogenase, and
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. Despite often low
sequence identity, these proteins typically have a
characteristic arrangement of 2 similar subdomains of
the alpha/beta Rossmann fold NAD+ binding form. The NAD+
binding domain is inserted within the linear sequence of
the mostly N-terminal catalytic domain, which has a
similar domain structure to the internal NAD binding
domain. Structurally, these domains are connected by
extended alpha helices and create a cleft in which NAD
is bound, primarily to the C-terminal portion of the 2nd
(internal) domain.
Length = 323
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.44
Identities = 9/24 (37%), Positives = 12/24 (50%)
Query: 62 VLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVIC 85
V+ G IG AK +G +VI
Sbjct: 148 VVGTGKIGRAVAQRAKGFGMKVIA 171
>gnl|CDD|219686 pfam07992, Pyr_redox_2, Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide
oxidoreductase. This family includes both class I and
class II oxidoreductases and also NADH oxidases and
peroxidases. This domain is actually a small NADH
binding domain within a larger FAD binding domain.
Length = 283
Score = 28.5 bits (64), Expect = 0.50
Identities = 8/33 (24%), Positives = 15/33 (45%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGI 92
V+++ GP GL + G +V + + G
Sbjct: 2 VVIIGGGPAGLAAAIRLARLGLKVALIEREGGT 34
>gnl|CDD|176189 cd05286, QOR2, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). Quinone
oxidoreductase (QOR) and 2-haloacrylate reductase. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. 2-haloacrylate reductase,
a member of this subgroup, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in
organohalogen compounds. Although similar to QOR,
Burkholderia 2-haloacrylate reductase does not act on
the quinones 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 320
Score = 28.2 bits (64), Expect = 0.55
Identities = 31/91 (34%), Positives = 41/91 (45%), Gaps = 15/91 (16%)
Query: 2 VFCATPPHHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGA--LL-----EPLAVGVHACKRSGV 54
V A PP G +++ A KLPD ++ E A LL L + K
Sbjct: 82 VAYAGPP--GAYAEYRVVPASRLVKLPDGISDETAAALLLQGLTAHYLLRETYPVKP--- 136
Query: 55 GLGTSVLVLS-AGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G +VLV + AG +GL+ AKA GA VI
Sbjct: 137 --GDTVLVHAAAGGVGLLLTQWAKALGATVI 165
>gnl|CDD|223981 COG1053, SdhA, Succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase,
flavoprotein subunit [Energy production and
conversion].
Length = 562
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.66
Identities = 9/29 (31%), Positives = 14/29 (48%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCK 88
V+V+ G GL + A G +V + K
Sbjct: 9 VVVIGGGGAGLRAAIEAAEAGLKVALLSK 37
>gnl|CDD|236097 PRK07788, PRK07788, acyl-CoA synthetase; Validated.
Length = 549
Score = 28.0 bits (63), Expect = 0.70
Identities = 22/79 (27%), Positives = 26/79 (32%), Gaps = 5/79 (6%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLP----DHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAG 66
G + HAA + TL L E GV G V VL+
Sbjct: 49 GPFAGLVAHAARRAPDRAALIDERGTLTYAELDEQSNALARGLLALGVRAGDGVAVLARN 108
Query: 67 PIGLVTILAAKAY-GARVI 84
G V L A GAR+I
Sbjct: 109 HRGFVLALYAAGKVGARII 127
>gnl|CDD|201133 pfam00289, CPSase_L_chain, Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase L chain,
N-terminal domain. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase
catalyzes the ATP-dependent synthesis of
carbamyl-phosphate from glutamine or ammonia and
bicarbonate. This important enzyme initiates both the
urea cycle and the biosynthesis of arginine and/or
pyrimidines. The carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (CPS)
enzyme in prokaryotes is a heterodimer of a small and
large chain. The small chain promotes the hydrolysis of
glutamine to ammonia, which is used by the large chain
to synthesise carbamoyl phosphate. See pfam00988. The
small chain has a GATase domain in the carboxyl
terminus. See pfam00117.
Length = 108
Score = 27.4 bits (62), Expect = 0.75
Identities = 9/28 (32%), Positives = 13/28 (46%)
Query: 59 SVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
VLV + G I + I A + G + V
Sbjct: 3 KVLVANRGEIAVRIIRALRELGIETVAV 30
>gnl|CDD|132245 TIGR03201, dearomat_had, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA
dehydrogenase. Members of this protein family are
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA dehydrogenase, an
enzyme in the anaerobic metabolism of aromatic enzymes
by way of benzoyl-CoA, as seen in Thauera aromatica,
Geobacter metallireducens, and Azoarcus sp. The
experimentally characterized form from T. aromatica uses
only NAD+, not NADP+. Note that Rhodopseudomonas
palustris uses a different pathway to perform a similar
degradation of benzoyl-CoA to 3-hydroxpimelyl-CoA.
Length = 349
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.75
Identities = 14/40 (35%), Positives = 23/40 (57%)
Query: 47 HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
A ++G+ G V+V+ AG +G + AKA GA V+ +
Sbjct: 157 QAAVQAGLKKGDLVIVIGAGGVGGYMVQTAKAMGAAVVAI 196
>gnl|CDD|216530 pfam01494, FAD_binding_3, FAD binding domain. This domain is
involved in FAD binding in a number of enzymes.
Length = 349
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.77
Identities = 12/32 (37%), Positives = 18/32 (56%)
Query: 58 TSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKY 89
T VL++ GP GL+ L G RV+ V ++
Sbjct: 2 TDVLIVGGGPAGLMLALLLARAGVRVVLVERH 33
>gnl|CDD|215721 pfam00107, ADH_zinc_N, Zinc-binding dehydrogenase.
Length = 131
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 0.81
Identities = 11/21 (52%), Positives = 13/21 (61%), Gaps = 1/21 (4%)
Query: 67 PIGLVTILAAKAYGA-RVICV 86
+GL + AKA GA RVI V
Sbjct: 1 GVGLAAVQLAKALGAARVIAV 21
>gnl|CDD|234026 TIGR02823, oxido_YhdH, putative quinone oxidoreductase, YhdH/YhfP
family. This model represents a subfamily of pfam00107
as defined by Pfam, a superfamily in which some members
are zinc-binding medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases
while others are quinone oxidoreductases with no bound
zinc. This subfamily includes proteins studied
crystallographically for insight into function: YhdH
from Escherichia coli and YhfP from Bacillus subtilis.
Members bind NADPH or NAD, but not zinc [Unknown
function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 323
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 0.90
Identities = 22/68 (32%), Positives = 32/68 (47%), Gaps = 12/68 (17%)
Query: 9 HHGNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLE----PLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLS 64
H G SQ+ + AD+ LP+ L+L E L A+ V A +R+G+
Sbjct: 93 HDGGYSQYARVPADWLVPLPEGLSLREAMALGTAGFTAALSVMALERNGLT-------PE 145
Query: 65 AGPIGLVT 72
GP+ LVT
Sbjct: 146 DGPV-LVT 152
>gnl|CDD|240638 cd12161, GDH_like_1, Putative glycerate dehydrogenase and related
proteins of the D-specific 2-hydroxy dehydrogenase
family. This group contains a variety of proteins
variously identified as glycerate dehydrogenase (GDH,
aka Hydroxypyruvate Reductase) and other enzymes of the
2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. GDH catalyzes the
reversible reaction of (R)-glycerate + NAD+ to
hydroxypyruvate + NADH + H+. 2-hydroxyacid
dehydrogenases catalyze the conversion of a wide variety
of D-2-hydroxy acids to their corresponding keto acids.
The general mechanism is (R)-lactate + acceptor to
pyruvate + reduced acceptor. Formate/glycerate and
related dehydrogenases of the D-specific 2-hydroxyacid
dehydrogenase superfamily include groups such as formate
dehydrogenase, glycerate dehydrogenase, L-alanine
dehydrogenase, and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.
Despite often low sequence identity, these proteins
typically have a characteristic arrangement of 2 similar
subdomains of the alpha/beta Rossmann-fold NAD+ binding
form. The NAD+ binding domain is inserted within the
linear sequence of the mostly N-terminal catalytic
domain, which has a similar domain structure to the
internal NAD binding domain. Structurally, these domains
are connected by extended alpha helices and create a
cleft in which NAD is bound, primarily to the C-terminal
portion of the 2nd (internal) domain. Some related
proteins have similar structural subdomain but with a
tandem arrangement of the catalytic and NAD-binding
subdomains in the linear sequence. While many members of
this family are dimeric, alanine DH is hexameric and
phosphoglycerate DH is tetrameric.
Length = 315
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 0.98
Identities = 10/28 (35%), Positives = 16/28 (57%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G +V ++ G IGL KA+G +V+
Sbjct: 144 GKTVGIVGTGAIGLRVARLFKAFGCKVL 171
>gnl|CDD|176238 cd08277, liver_alcohol_DH_like, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48) , then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 17/51 (33%), Positives = 24/51 (47%), Gaps = 5/51 (9%)
Query: 48 ACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGIRIFPYK 98
A + V G++V V G +GL I+ AK GA I +G+ I K
Sbjct: 176 AWNTAKVEPGSTVAVFGLGAVGLSAIMGAKIAGASRI-----IGVDINEDK 221
>gnl|CDD|184076 PRK13479, PRK13479, 2-aminoethylphosphonate--pyruvate transaminase;
Provisional.
Length = 368
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 10/25 (40%), Positives = 15/25 (60%)
Query: 69 GLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGIR 93
G V + AYGAR+ + +Y+GI
Sbjct: 81 GKVLVPDNGAYGARIAQIAEYLGIA 105
>gnl|CDD|188164 TIGR01751, crot-CoA-red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. The enzyme
modelled by This model is responsible for the conversion
of crotonyl-CoA reductase to butyryl-CoA. In serine
cycle methylotrophic bacteria this enzyme is involved in
the process of acetyl-CoA to glyoxylate. In other
bacteria the enzyme is used to produce butyrate for
incorporation into polyketides such as tylosin from
Streptomyces fradiae and coronatine from Pseudomonas
syringae.
Length = 398
Score = 27.1 bits (60), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 22/83 (26%), Positives = 33/83 (39%), Gaps = 9/83 (10%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHA----CKRSGVGL--GTSVLVL- 63
G+ ++F P HLT EE A P G A + + G +VL+
Sbjct: 140 GSFAEFALVKDYQLMPKPKHLTWEEAAC--PGLTGATAYRQLVGWNPAAVKPGDNVLIWG 197
Query: 64 SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
+AG +G A+A G + V
Sbjct: 198 AAGGLGSYATQLARAGGGNPVAV 220
>gnl|CDD|240625 cd05300, 2-Hacid_dh_1, Putative D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid
dehydrogenase. 2-Hydroxyacid dehydrogenases catalyze
the conversion of a wide variety of D-2-hydroxy acids to
their corresponding keto acids. The general mechanism is
(R)-lactate + acceptor to pyruvate + reduced acceptor.
Formate/glycerate and related dehydrogenases of the
D-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase superfamily
include groups such as formate dehydrogenase, glycerate
dehydrogenase, L-alanine dehydrogenase, and
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. Despite often low
sequence identity, these proteins typically have a
characteristic arrangement of 2 similar subdomains of
the alpha/beta Rossmann fold NAD+ binding form. The NAD+
binding domain is inserted within the linear sequence of
the mostly N-terminal catalytic domain, which has a
similar domain structure to the internal NAD binding
domain. Structurally, these domains are connected by
extended alpha helices and create a cleft in which NAD
is bound, primarily to the C-terminal portion of the 2nd
(internal) domain. Some related proteins have similar
structural subdomains but with a tandem arrangement of
the catalytic and NAD-binding subdomains in the linear
sequence. While many members of this family are dimeric,
alanine DH is hexameric and phosphoglycerate DH is
tetrameric. Formate dehydrogenase (FDH) catalyzes the
NAD+-dependent oxidation of formate ion to carbon
dioxide with the concomitant reduction of NAD+ to NADH.
FDHs of this family contain no metal ions or prosthetic
groups. Catalysis occurs though direct transfer of the
hydride ion to NAD+ without the stages of acid-base
catalysis typically found in related dehydrogenases.
FDHs are found in all methylotrophic microorganisms in
energy production and in the stress responses of plants.
Length = 313
Score = 26.7 bits (60), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 13/28 (46%), Positives = 17/28 (60%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
G +VL++ G IG AKA+G RVI
Sbjct: 134 GKTVLIVGLGDIGREIARRAKAFGMRVI 161
>gnl|CDD|235774 PRK06292, PRK06292, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 460
Score = 27.1 bits (61), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 13/40 (32%), Positives = 17/40 (42%), Gaps = 8/40 (20%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV--------CKYVG 91
V+V+ AGP G V A G +V + C VG
Sbjct: 6 VIVIGAGPAGYVAARRAAKLGKKVALIEKGPLGGTCLNVG 45
>gnl|CDD|188504 TIGR03989, Rxyl_3153, oxidoreductase, Rxyl_3153 family. This model
describes a clade within the family pfam00107 of
zinc-binding dehydrogenases. The family pfam00107
contains class III alcohol dehydrogenases, including
enzymes designated S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
dehydrogenase and NAD/mycothiol-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase. Members of the current family occur only
in species that contain the very small protein
mycofactocin (TIGR03969), a possible cofactor precursor,
and radical SAM protein TIGR03962. We name this family
for Rxyl_3153, where the lone member of the family
co-clusters with these markers in Rubrobacter
xylanophilus [Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown
specificity].
Length = 369
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 20/67 (29%), Positives = 32/67 (47%), Gaps = 5/67 (7%)
Query: 24 CYKLPDHLTLEEGALLE---PLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYG 80
K+ D + L++ L+ P G A + V G +V+V+ G +G+ + A G
Sbjct: 151 VVKIDDDIPLDKACLVGCGVPTGWGS-AVNIADVRPGDTVVVMGIGGVGINAVQGAAVAG 209
Query: 81 AR-VICV 86
AR VI V
Sbjct: 210 ARKVIAV 216
>gnl|CDD|185075 PRK15120, PRK15120, lipopolysaccharide ABC transporter permease
LptF; Provisional.
Length = 366
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 2.6
Identities = 15/31 (48%), Positives = 18/31 (58%), Gaps = 6/31 (19%)
Query: 47 HACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVT-ILAA 76
HAC GL +VLV +A + L T ILAA
Sbjct: 89 HAC-----GLSKAVLVKAAMILALFTAILAA 114
>gnl|CDD|217590 pfam03486, HI0933_like, HI0933-like protein.
Length = 405
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 2.8
Identities = 9/25 (36%), Positives = 15/25 (60%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
V+V+ G GL+ ++A G RV+
Sbjct: 3 VIVIGGGAAGLMAAISAAKRGRRVL 27
>gnl|CDD|132409 TIGR03366, HpnZ_proposed, putative phosphonate catabolism
associated alcohol dehydrogenase. This clade of
zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenases (members of
pfam00107) are repeatedly associated with genes proposed
to be involved with the catabolism of phosphonate
compounds.
Length = 280
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 16/31 (51%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
G VLV+ AG +GL AA A GA +
Sbjct: 121 GRRVLVVGAGMLGLTAAAAAAAAGAARVVAA 151
>gnl|CDD|213793 TIGR03301, PhnW-AepZ, 2-aminoethylphosphonate aminotransferase.
This family includes a number of
2-aminoethylphosphonate aminotransferases, some of
which are indicated to operate in the catabolism of
2-aminoethylphosphonate (AEP) and others which are
involved in the biosynthesis of the same compound. The
catabolic enzyme (PhnW, ) is known to use
pyruvate:alanine as the transfer partner and is modeled
by the equivalog-level TIGR02326. The PhnW family is
apparently a branch of a larger tree including genes
(AepZ) adjacent to others responsible for the
biosynthesis of phosphonoacetaldehyde. The identity of
the transfer partner is unknown for these enzymes and
considering the reversed flux compared to PhnW, it may
very well be different.
Length = 355
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 21/48 (43%), Gaps = 11/48 (22%)
Query: 45 GVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGI 92
V A S V +LVL G AYG R+ +C+Y+GI
Sbjct: 62 AVEATIGSLVPRDGKLLVLING-----------AYGERLAKICEYLGI 98
>gnl|CDD|240636 cd12159, 2-Hacid_dh_2, Putative D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid
dehydrogenases. 2-Hydroxyacid dehydrogenases catalyze
the conversion of a wide variety of D-2-hydroxy acids to
their corresponding keto acids. The general mechanism is
(R)-lactate + acceptor to pyruvate + reduced acceptor.
Formate/glycerate and related dehydrogenases of the
D-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase superfamily
include groups such as formate dehydrogenase, glycerate
dehydrogenase, L-alanine dehydrogenase, and
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. Despite often low
sequence identity, these proteins typically have a
characteristic arrangement of 2 similar subdomains of
the alpha/beta Rossmann fold NAD+ binding form. The NAD+
binding domain is inserted within the linear sequence of
the mostly N-terminal catalytic domain, which has a
similar domain structure to the internal NAD binding
domain. Structurally, these domains are connected by
extended alpha helices and create a cleft in which NAD
is bound, primarily to the C-terminal portion of the 2nd
(internal) domain. Some related proteins have similar
structural subdomain but with a tandem arrangement of
the catalytic and NAD-binding subdomains in the linear
sequence. While many members of this family are dimeric,
alanine DH is hexameric and phosphoglycerate DH is
tetrameric.
Length = 303
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 3.5
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 18/30 (60%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
G++V ++ AG IG I +GA+VI V
Sbjct: 125 GSTVAIVGAGGIGRALIPLLAPFGAKVIAV 154
>gnl|CDD|223523 COG0446, HcaD, Uncharacterized NAD(FAD)-dependent dehydrogenases
[General function prediction only].
Length = 415
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 17/34 (50%)
Query: 51 RSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+ G V+V+ AGPIGL AA G +V
Sbjct: 130 KGGAEPPKDVVVVGAGPIGLEAAEAAAKRGKKVT 163
>gnl|CDD|129652 TIGR00561, pntA, NAD(P) transhydrogenase, alpha subunit. This
integral membrane protein is the alpha subunit of alpha
2 beta 2 tetramer that couples the proton transport
across the membrane to the reversible transfer of
hydride ion equivalents between NAD and NADP. An
alternate name is pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase
alpha subunit. The N-terminal region is homologous to
alanine dehydrogenase. In some species, such as
Rhodospirillum rubrum, the alpha chain is replaced by
two shorter chains, both with some homology to the
full-length alpha chain modeled here. These score below
the trusted cutoff [Energy metabolism, Electron
transport].
Length = 511
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 3.9
Identities = 13/24 (54%), Positives = 15/24 (62%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARV 83
VLV+ AG GL I AA + GA V
Sbjct: 167 VLVIGAGVAGLAAIGAANSLGAIV 190
>gnl|CDD|236158 PRK08132, PRK08132, FAD-dependent oxidoreductase; Provisional.
Length = 547
Score = 26.0 bits (58), Expect = 4.1
Identities = 9/25 (36%), Positives = 14/25 (56%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
V+V+ AGP+GL + G V+
Sbjct: 26 VVVVGAGPVGLALAIDLAQQGVPVV 50
>gnl|CDD|240621 cd01620, Ala_dh_like, Alanine dehydrogenase and related
dehydrogenases. Alanine dehydrogenase/Transhydrogenase,
such as the hexameric L-alanine dehydrogenase of
Phormidium lapideum, contain 2 Rossmann fold-like
domains linked by an alpha helical region. Related
proteins include Saccharopine Dehydrogenase (SDH),
bifunctional lysine ketoglutarate reductase
/saccharopine dehydrogenase enzyme,
N(5)-(carboxyethyl)ornithine synthase, and Rubrum
transdehydrogenase. Alanine dehydrogenase (L-AlaDH)
catalyzes the NAD-dependent conversion of pyrucate to
L-alanine via reductive amination. Transhydrogenases
found in bacterial and inner mitochondrial membranes
link NAD(P)(H)-dependent redox reactions to proton
translocation. The energy of the proton electrochemical
gradient (delta-p), generated by the respiratory
electron transport chain, is consumed by
transhydrogenase in NAD(P)+ reduction. Transhydrogenase
is likely involved in the regulation of the citric acid
cycle. Rubrum transhydrogenase has 3 components, dI,
dII, and dIII. dII spans the membrane while dI and dIII
protrude on the cytoplasmic/matirx side. DI contains 2
domains with Rossmann folds, linked by a long alpha
helix, and contains a NAD binding site. Two dI
polypeptides (represented in this sub-family)
spontaneously form a heterotrimer with one dIII in the
absence of dII. In the heterotrimer, both dI chains may
bind NAD, but only one is well-ordered. dIII also binds
a well-ordered NADP, but in a different orientation than
classical Rossmann domains.
Length = 317
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 4.8
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
VL++ AG +GL AK GA V+
Sbjct: 162 PAKVLIIGAGVVGLGAAKIAKKLGANVL 189
>gnl|CDD|237224 PRK12842, PRK12842, putative succinate dehydrogenase; Reviewed.
Length = 574
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 4.9
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCK 88
VLV+ +G GL + A+ G V+ + K
Sbjct: 12 VLVIGSGAGGLSAAITARKLGLDVVVLEK 40
>gnl|CDD|176645 cd05282, ETR_like, 2-enoyl thioester reductase-like. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 323
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 4.9
Identities = 19/70 (27%), Positives = 32/70 (45%), Gaps = 3/70 (4%)
Query: 20 AADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALL--EPLAVGVHACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGP-IGLVTILAA 76
AD +PD ++ E+ A+L PL + + + G V+ +A +G + I A
Sbjct: 100 PADDLIPVPDSISDEQAAMLYINPLTAWLMLTEYLKLPPGDWVIQNAANSAVGRMLIQLA 159
Query: 77 KAYGARVICV 86
K G + I V
Sbjct: 160 KLLGFKTINV 169
>gnl|CDD|180579 PRK06467, PRK06467, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; Reviewed.
Length = 471
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 5.0
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 16/33 (48%)
Query: 58 TSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYV 90
T V+VL AGP G A G +CV +Y
Sbjct: 5 TQVVVLGAGPAGYSAAFRAADLGLETVCVERYS 37
>gnl|CDD|224169 COG1249, Lpd, Pyruvate/2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex,
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) component, and
related enzymes [Energy production and conversion].
Length = 454
Score = 25.2 bits (56), Expect = 6.2
Identities = 12/33 (36%), Positives = 17/33 (51%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCKYVGI 92
V+V+ AGP G V + A G +V V K +
Sbjct: 7 VVVIGAGPAGYVAAIRAAQLGLKVALVEKGERL 39
>gnl|CDD|178074 PLN02455, PLN02455, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase.
Length = 358
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 6.3
Identities = 12/19 (63%), Positives = 13/19 (68%), Gaps = 1/19 (5%)
Query: 24 CYK-LPDHLTLEEGALLEP 41
CYK L DH L EG LL+P
Sbjct: 208 CYKALNDHHVLLEGTLLKP 226
>gnl|CDD|132492 TIGR03451, mycoS_dep_FDH, S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol dehydrogenase.
Members of this protein family are mycothiol-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.66). This protein
is found, so far, only in the Actinobacteria
(Mycobacterium sp., Streptomyces sp., Corynebacterium
sp., and related species), where mycothione replaces
glutathione [Cellular processes, Detoxification].
Length = 358
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 6.3
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 16/37 (43%)
Query: 48 ACKRSGVGLGTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
A GV G SV V+ G +G I A GA I
Sbjct: 168 AVNTGGVKRGDSVAVIGCGGVGDAAIAGAALAGASKI 204
>gnl|CDD|183781 PRK12833, PRK12833, acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxylase
subunit; Provisional.
Length = 467
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 6.5
Identities = 11/29 (37%), Positives = 15/29 (51%)
Query: 59 SVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVC 87
VLV + G I + I AA+ G R + C
Sbjct: 7 KVLVANRGEIAVRIIRAARELGMRTVAAC 35
>gnl|CDD|215691 pfam00070, Pyr_redox, Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide
oxidoreductase. This family includes both class I and
class II oxidoreductases and also NADH oxidases and
peroxidases. This domain is actually a small NADH
binding domain within a larger FAD binding domain.
Length = 82
Score = 24.5 bits (54), Expect = 6.7
Identities = 10/28 (35%), Positives = 14/28 (50%)
Query: 59 SVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
V+V+ G IGL A G++V V
Sbjct: 1 RVVVVGGGYIGLEFASALAKLGSKVTVV 28
>gnl|CDD|240660 cd12184, HGDH_like, (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate Dehydrogenase and
related dehydrogenases, NAD-binding and catalytic
domains. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (HGDH)
catalyzes the NAD-dependent reduction of 2-oxoglutarate
to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate. HGDH is a member of the
D-2-hydroxyacid NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase family;
these proteins typically have a characteristic
arrangement of 2 similar subdomains of the alpha/beta
Rossmann fold NAD+ binding form. The NAD+ binding domain
is inserted within the linear sequence of the mostly
N-terminal catalytic domain, which has a similar domain
structure to the internal NAD binding domain.
Structurally, these domains are connected by extended
alpha helices and create a cleft in which NAD is bound,
primarily to the C-terminal portion of the 2nd
(internal) domain.
Length = 330
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 7.3
Identities = 10/25 (40%), Positives = 13/25 (52%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
V ++ G IGL K GA+VI
Sbjct: 148 VGIIGTGRIGLTAAKLFKGLGAKVI 172
>gnl|CDD|187618 cd05360, SDR_c3, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 3. These proteins
are members of the classical SDR family, with a
canonical active site triad (and also active site Asn)
and a typical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 233
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 7.6
Identities = 10/23 (43%), Positives = 13/23 (56%), Gaps = 1/23 (4%)
Query: 64 SAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
S+G IG T LA GA+V+
Sbjct: 9 SSG-IGRATALAFAERGAKVVLA 30
>gnl|CDD|176199 cd08237, ribitol-5-phosphate_DH, ribitol-5-phosphate dehydrogenase.
NAD-linked ribitol-5-phosphate dehydrogenase, a member
of the MDR/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family, oxidizes the phosphate ester of
ribitol-5-phosphate to xylulose-5-phosphate of the
pentose phosphate pathway. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 341
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 7.8
Identities = 15/41 (36%), Positives = 21/41 (51%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEEGALLEPLAVGVHACKR 51
G + + D KLPD++ E A E ++VGVHA R
Sbjct: 115 GFMQDYVFLPPDRLVKLPDNVDPEVAAFTELVSVGVHAISR 155
>gnl|CDD|218948 pfam06230, DUF1009, Protein of unknown function (DUF1009). Family
of uncharacterized bacterial proteins.
Length = 212
Score = 24.7 bits (55), Expect = 8.3
Identities = 8/19 (42%), Positives = 8/19 (42%)
Query: 68 IGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV 86
IG TI A G I V
Sbjct: 168 IGPDTIETAAEAGLAGIAV 186
>gnl|CDD|235704 PRK06126, PRK06126, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 545
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 8.5
Identities = 12/48 (25%), Positives = 15/48 (31%), Gaps = 11/48 (22%)
Query: 58 TSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICV-----------CKYVGIRI 94
T VL++ GP+GL L G I V R
Sbjct: 8 TPVLIVGGGPVGLALALDLGRRGVDSILVERKDGTAFNPKANTTSARS 55
>gnl|CDD|173547 PTZ00354, PTZ00354, alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 8.6
Identities = 19/77 (24%), Positives = 29/77 (37%), Gaps = 3/77 (3%)
Query: 11 GNLSQFYKHAADFCYKLPDHLTLEE-GALLEPLAVGVHACKR-SGVGLGTSVLVLSAGP- 67
G +++ +P T EE A+ E K+ V G SVL+ +
Sbjct: 93 GGYAEYAVAHKGHVMHIPQGYTFEEAAAIPEAFLTAWQLLKKHGDVKKGQSVLIHAGASG 152
Query: 68 IGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
+G A+ YGA I
Sbjct: 153 VGTAAAQLAEKYGAATI 169
>gnl|CDD|240629 cd05304, Rubrum_tdh, Rubrum transdehydrogenase NAD-binding and
catalytic domains. Transhydrogenases found in bacterial
and inner mitochondrial membranes link
NAD(P)(H)-dependent redox reactions to proton
translocation. The energy of the proton electrochemical
gradient (delta-p), generated by the respiratory
electron transport chain, is consumed by
transhydrogenase in NAD(P)+ reduction. Transhydrogenase
is likely involved in the regulation of the citric acid
cycle. Rubrum transhydrogenase has 3 components, dI,
dII, and dIII. dII spans the membrane while dI and dIII
protrude on the cytoplasmic/matrix side. DI contains 2
domains in Rossmann-like folds, linked by a long alpha
helix, and contains a NAD binding site. Two dI
polypeptides (represented in this sub-family)
spontaneously form a heterotrimer with dIII in the
absence of dII. In the heterotrimer, both dI chains may
bind NAD, but only one is well-ordered. dIII also binds
a well-ordered NADP, but in a different orientation than
a classical Rossmann domain.
Length = 363
Score = 25.1 bits (56), Expect = 8.8
Identities = 13/24 (54%), Positives = 14/24 (58%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARV 83
VLV+ AG GL I AK GA V
Sbjct: 169 VLVIGAGVAGLQAIATAKRLGAVV 192
>gnl|CDD|236102 PRK07804, PRK07804, L-aspartate oxidase; Provisional.
Length = 541
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 9.1
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 18/31 (58%)
Query: 58 TSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVICVCK 88
V+V+ +G GL LAA+ G RV+ V K
Sbjct: 17 ADVVVVGSGVAGLTAALAARRAGRRVLVVTK 47
>gnl|CDD|176190 cd05288, PGDH, Prostaglandin dehydrogenases. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 24.7 bits (55), Expect = 9.5
Identities = 10/20 (50%), Positives = 12/20 (60%)
Query: 65 AGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
AG +G V AK GARV+
Sbjct: 155 AGAVGSVVGQIAKLLGARVV 174
>gnl|CDD|188533 TIGR04018, Bthiol_YpdA, putative bacillithiol system
oxidoreductase, YpdA family. Members of this protein
family, including YpdA from Bacillus subtilis, are
apparent oxidoreductases present only in species with
an active bacillithiol system. They have been suggested
actually to be thiol disulfide oxidoreductases (TDOR),
although the evidence is incomplete [Unknown function,
Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 316
Score = 24.8 bits (55), Expect = 9.8
Identities = 8/25 (32%), Positives = 14/25 (56%)
Query: 60 VLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVI 84
V+++ AGP GL + A+ G +
Sbjct: 2 VIIIGAGPCGLACAIEAQKAGLSYL 26
>gnl|CDD|234950 PRK01390, murD, UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate
synthetase; Provisional.
Length = 460
Score = 24.8 bits (55), Expect = 9.9
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 14/29 (48%)
Query: 57 GTSVLVLSAGPIGLVTILAAKAYGARVIC 85
G +V V G GL T A A GA VI
Sbjct: 9 GKTVAVFGLGGSGLATARALVAGGAEVIA 37
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.327 0.143 0.456
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0831 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 5,052,186
Number of extensions: 421690
Number of successful extensions: 862
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 828
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 168
Length of query: 100
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 66
Effective length of query: 34
Effective length of database: 8,010,238
Effective search space: 272348092
Effective search space used: 272348092
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 15 ( 7.1 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 40 (21.7 bits)
S2: 53 (24.0 bits)