RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy1959
(296 letters)
>gnl|CDD|176203 cd08241, QOR1, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). QOR catalyzes the
conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone +
NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts in the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 151 bits (385), Expect = 5e-44
Identities = 73/195 (37%), Positives = 109/195 (55%), Gaps = 14/195 (7%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N DLL+ G KP LP VPG E +G V V + + +VGD+V+AL
Sbjct: 39 VNFPDLLMIQGKYQVKPPLPFVPGSEVAGVVEAVGEGVTG----------FKVGDRVVAL 88
Query: 109 NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVT 168
GF+++ VV VF +P+ ++FE AA+L +Y TA R A+L+ +TVLV
Sbjct: 89 T--GQGGFAEEVVVPAAAVFPLPDGLSFEEAAALPVTYGTAYHALVRRARLQPGETVLVL 146
Query: 169 AAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVS 228
A GG+GLAAV +A K A+VI +SE+K L R GA + + + L +V ++
Sbjct: 147 GAAGGVGLAAVQLA-KALGARVIAAASSEEKLALARALGADHVIDYR-DPDLRERVKALT 204
Query: 229 GGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
GG+ +VV++ VGG+
Sbjct: 205 GGRGVDVVYDPVGGD 219
>gnl|CDD|223677 COG0604, Qor, NADPH:quinone reductase and related Zn-dependent
oxidoreductases [Energy production and conversion /
General function prediction only].
Length = 326
Score = 129 bits (326), Expect = 2e-35
Identities = 64/196 (32%), Positives = 103/196 (52%), Gaps = 13/196 (6%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N D+L+ G LP +PG E +G V+ V +VGD+V AL
Sbjct: 39 VNPIDVLVRQGLAPPVRPLPFIPGSEAAGVVVAVGS----------GVTGFKVGDRVAAL 88
Query: 109 NKELLHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLV 167
G +++ VV + + +P+ ++FE AA+L + TA + A LK +TVLV
Sbjct: 89 GGVGRDGGYAEYVVVPADWLVPLPDGLSFEEAAALPLAGLTAWLALFDRAGLKPGETVLV 148
Query: 168 TAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEV 227
A GG+G AA+ +A K A V+ V +S +K +L+++ GA + + E V +V E+
Sbjct: 149 HGAAGGVGSAAIQLA-KALGATVVAVVSSSEKLELLKELGADHVINYREE-DFVEQVREL 206
Query: 228 SGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+GGK +VV + VGG+
Sbjct: 207 TGGKGVDVVLDTVGGD 222
>gnl|CDD|176178 cd05188, MDR, Medium chain reductase/dehydrogenase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
The medium chain reductase/dehydrogenases
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH) , quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines. Other MDR members have only
a catalytic zinc, and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 271
Score = 124 bits (313), Expect = 5e-34
Identities = 64/217 (29%), Positives = 103/217 (47%), Gaps = 35/217 (16%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA- 107
+ +DL + G P LPL+ G E +G V+EV ++VGD+V+
Sbjct: 11 LCGTDLHIRRGGYPPPPKLPLILGHEGAGVVVEVGP----------GVTGVKVGDRVVVL 60
Query: 108 --------------------LNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYS 147
L + L GF++ VV +++ +P+ ++ E AA L + +
Sbjct: 61 PNLGCGTCELCRELCPGGGILGEGLDGGFAEYVVVPADNLVPLPDGLSLEEAALLPEPLA 120
Query: 148 TAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKG 207
TA R LK TVLV A GG+GL A +A K A+VI S++K +L ++ G
Sbjct: 121 TAYHALRRAGVLKPGDTVLVLGA-GGVGLLAAQLA-KAAGARVIVTDRSDEKLELAKELG 178
Query: 208 AWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGED 244
A + + E + + L ++GG A+VV +AVGG +
Sbjct: 179 ADHVIDYKEE--DLEEELRLTGGGGADVVIDAVGGPE 213
>gnl|CDD|176229 cd08268, MDR2, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 328
Score = 122 bits (308), Expect = 1e-32
Identities = 63/205 (30%), Positives = 97/205 (47%), Gaps = 15/205 (7%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N +D + G+ P LP G+E +G V V VGD+V +
Sbjct: 39 LNRADAMFRRGAYIEPPPLPARLGYEAAGVVEAVGA----------GVTGFAVGDRVSVI 88
Query: 109 NKELLH---GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTV 165
L +++ +V V K+P+ ++F AA+L Y TA A L+ +V
Sbjct: 89 PAADLGQYGTYAEYALVPAAAVVKLPDGLSFVEAAALWMQYLTAYGALVELAGLRPGDSV 148
Query: 166 LVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVL 225
L+TAA +GLAA+ +A A VI + +K D + GA A + T+E+ LV +VL
Sbjct: 149 LITAASSSVGLAAIQIA-NAAGATVIATTRTSEKRDALLALGA-AHVIVTDEEDLVAEVL 206
Query: 226 EVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIR 250
++GGK +VVF+ VGG L
Sbjct: 207 RITGGKGVDVVFDPVGGPQFAKLAD 231
>gnl|CDD|176180 cd05276, p53_inducible_oxidoreductase, PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase. PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase, a medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family member, acts in the apoptotic pathway. PIG3
reduces ortho-quinones, but its apoptotic activity has
been attributed to oxidative stress generation, since
overexpression of PIG3 accumulates reactive oxygen
species. PIG3 resembles the MDR family member quinone
reductases, which catalyze the reduction of quinone to
hydroxyquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 120 bits (303), Expect = 7e-32
Identities = 60/198 (30%), Positives = 96/198 (48%), Gaps = 20/198 (10%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N +DLL G P + G E +G V+ V +VGD+V AL
Sbjct: 39 VNRADLLQRQGLYPPPPGASDILGLEVAGVVVAVGP----------GVTGWKVGDRVCAL 88
Query: 109 NKELLHG--FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLKEKQTV 165
L G +++ VV + +PE ++ AA+L + + TA Q +F + LK +TV
Sbjct: 89 ----LAGGGYAEYVVVPAGQLLPVPEGLSLVEAAALPEVFFTAWQNLF-QLGGLKAGETV 143
Query: 166 LVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVL 225
L+ G+G AA+ +A K A+VI SE+K + R GA A+ + E +V
Sbjct: 144 LIHGGASGVGTAAIQLA-KALGARVIATAGSEEKLEACRALGADVAINYRTE-DFAEEVK 201
Query: 226 EVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
E +GG+ +V+ + VGG+
Sbjct: 202 EATGGRGVDVILDMVGGD 219
>gnl|CDD|176236 cd08275, MDR3, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 116 bits (292), Expect = 2e-30
Identities = 60/196 (30%), Positives = 100/196 (51%), Gaps = 15/196 (7%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N +DL+ G D+ P P VPGFE +GTV V + +VGD+V+ L
Sbjct: 38 LNFADLMARQGLYDSAPKPPFVPGFECAGTVEAVGEGVKD----------FKVGDRVMGL 87
Query: 109 NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVT 168
+ G+++ V + VF +P+ M+FE AA+ +Y TA L+ Q+VLV
Sbjct: 88 TR--FGGYAEVVNVPADQVFPLPDGMSFEEAAAFPVNYLTAYYALFELGNLRPGQSVLVH 145
Query: 169 AAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVS 228
+A GG+GLAA + + V+G S K + +++ G + + + V +V ++S
Sbjct: 146 SAAGGVGLAAGQLCKTVPNVTVVGTA-SASKHEALKENGVTHVIDYRTQ-DYVEEVKKIS 203
Query: 229 GGKYANVVFEAVGGED 244
++V +A+GGED
Sbjct: 204 PEGV-DIVLDALGGED 218
>gnl|CDD|176189 cd05286, QOR2, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). Quinone
oxidoreductase (QOR) and 2-haloacrylate reductase. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. 2-haloacrylate reductase,
a member of this subgroup, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in
organohalogen compounds. Although similar to QOR,
Burkholderia 2-haloacrylate reductase does not act on
the quinones 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 320
Score = 110 bits (278), Expect = 2e-28
Identities = 59/185 (31%), Positives = 88/185 (47%), Gaps = 18/185 (9%)
Query: 60 SGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFS 117
SG LP V G E +G V V V +VGD+V ++
Sbjct: 47 SGLYPLPLPFVLGVEGAGVVEAVG------------PGVTGFKVGDRVAYAGP--PGAYA 92
Query: 118 DQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLA 177
+ VV + + K+P+ ++ E AA+L TA + +K TVLV AA GG+GL
Sbjct: 93 EYRVVPASRLVKLPDGISDETAAALLLQGLTAHYLLRETYPVKPGDTVLVHAAAGGVGLL 152
Query: 178 AVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVF 237
A K A VIG +SE+K +L R GA + + +E V +V E++GG+ +VV+
Sbjct: 153 LTQWA-KALGATVIGTVSSEEKAELARAAGADHVINYRDED-FVERVREITGGRGVDVVY 210
Query: 238 EAVGG 242
+ VG
Sbjct: 211 DGVGK 215
>gnl|CDD|176191 cd05289, MDR_like_2, alcohol dehydrogenase and quinone
reductase-like medium chain degydrogenases/reductases.
Members identified as zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases and quinone oxidoreductase. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 309
Score = 109 bits (275), Expect = 5e-28
Identities = 60/199 (30%), Positives = 90/199 (45%), Gaps = 22/199 (11%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKP--TLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL 106
+N DL + G A TLPL+PG + +G V+ V +VGD+V
Sbjct: 39 VNPVDLKIREGLLKAAFPLTLPLIPGHDVAGVVVAVGP----------GVTGFKVGDEVF 88
Query: 107 AL-NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLKEKQT 164
+ +++ VV +++ P ++FE AA+L + TA Q +F LK QT
Sbjct: 89 GMTPFTRGGAYAEYVVVPADELALKPANLSFEEAAALPLAGLTAWQALF-ELGGLKAGQT 147
Query: 165 VLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKV 224
VL+ A GG+G AV +A K A+VI S D +R GA + +T K +
Sbjct: 148 VLIHGAAGGVGSFAVQLA-KARGARVIATA-SAANADFLRSLGADEVIDYT--KGDFERA 203
Query: 225 LEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
G + V + VGGE
Sbjct: 204 AAPGG---VDAVLDTVGGE 219
>gnl|CDD|176179 cd05195, enoyl_red, enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Putative enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Polyketide synthases produce polyketides in step by step
mechanism that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl
reductase reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin
is one example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex
enzymes (megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase
(ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 293
Score = 108 bits (273), Expect = 7e-28
Identities = 59/196 (30%), Positives = 96/196 (48%), Gaps = 18/196 (9%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N D+L+ G T G E SG V V + L+VGD+V+ L
Sbjct: 12 LNFRDVLVALGLLPGDET---PLGLECSGIVTRVGSGVTG----------LKVGDRVMGL 58
Query: 109 NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVT 168
F+ V V KIP+ ++FE AA+L +Y TA A+L++ ++VL+
Sbjct: 59 AP---GAFATHVRVDARLVVKIPDSLSFEEAATLPVAYLTAYYALVDLARLQKGESVLIH 115
Query: 169 AAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFT-NEKSLVNKVLEV 227
AA GG+G AA+ +A + A+V SE+K + +R+ G F+ + S + +L
Sbjct: 116 AAAGGVGQAAIQLA-QHLGAEVFATVGSEEKREFLRELGGPVDHIFSSRDLSFADGILRA 174
Query: 228 SGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+GG+ +VV ++ GE
Sbjct: 175 TGGRGVDVVLNSLSGE 190
>gnl|CDD|173547 PTZ00354, PTZ00354, alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 103 bits (260), Expect = 8e-26
Identities = 63/226 (27%), Positives = 106/226 (46%), Gaps = 20/226 (8%)
Query: 40 IIEKKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVL 99
++ K +N +D L G P + G E +G V +V E
Sbjct: 31 VLIKVSAAGVNRADTLQRQGKYPPPPGSSEILGLEVAGYVEDVGSDVKRFKE-------- 82
Query: 100 QVGDKVLALNKELLHG--FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHA 157
GD+V+AL L G +++ V H V IP+ TFE AA++ +++ TA + +H
Sbjct: 83 --GDRVMAL----LPGGGYAEYAVAHKGHVMHIPQGYTFEEAAAIPEAFLTAWQLLKKHG 136
Query: 158 KLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNE 217
+K+ Q+VL+ A G+G AA +A K A +I SE+K D ++ A + + +E
Sbjct: 137 DVKKGQSVLIHAGASGVGTAAAQLAEKYGAATIITTS-SEEKVDFCKKLAAIILIRYPDE 195
Query: 218 KSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGG---EDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTF 260
+ KV +++G K N+V + VGG + +++ G W F
Sbjct: 196 EGFAPKVKKLTGEKGVNLVLDCVGGSYLSETAEVLAVDGKWIVYGF 241
>gnl|CDD|176645 cd05282, ETR_like, 2-enoyl thioester reductase-like. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 323
Score = 103 bits (259), Expect = 1e-25
Identities = 61/205 (29%), Positives = 99/205 (48%), Gaps = 20/205 (9%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
IN SDL+ +G+ ++P LP VPG E G V+EV S L VG +VL
Sbjct: 38 INPSDLITISGAYGSRPPLPAVPGNEGVGVVVEVGSGVSG----------LLVGQRVL-- 85
Query: 109 NKELLHGF---SDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTV 165
L G + V +D+ +P+ ++ E AA L + TA ++ + + KL V
Sbjct: 86 ---PLGGEGTWQEYVVAPADDLIPVPDSISDEQAAMLYINPLTAWLMLTEYLKLPPGDWV 142
Query: 166 LVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVL 225
+ AA +G + +A K+ K I V +++ + ++ GA + ++ + L +V
Sbjct: 143 IQNAANSAVGRMLIQLA-KLLGFKTINVVRRDEQVEELKALGADEVID-SSPEDLAQRVK 200
Query: 226 EVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIR 250
E +GG A + +AVGGE T L R
Sbjct: 201 EATGGAGARLALDAVGGESATRLAR 225
>gnl|CDD|176215 cd08253, zeta_crystallin, Zeta-crystallin with NADP-dependent
quinone reductase activity (QOR). Zeta-crystallin is a
eye lens protein with NADP-dependent quinone reductase
activity (QOR). It has been cited as a structural
component in mammalian eyes, but also has homology to
quinone reductases in unrelated species. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 101 bits (254), Expect = 5e-25
Identities = 59/217 (27%), Positives = 97/217 (44%), Gaps = 22/217 (10%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVL 106
+N D + G+ P LP VPG + +G V V E V L+VGD+V
Sbjct: 39 VNPVDTYIRAGAYPGLPPLPYVPGSDGAGVVEAVG------------EGVDGLKVGDRVW 86
Query: 107 A--LNKELLHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQ 163
L G ++ VV + + +P+ ++FE A+L TA A K +
Sbjct: 87 LTNLGWGRRQGTAAEYVVVPADQLVPLPDGVSFEQGAALGIPALTAYRALFHRAGAKAGE 146
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNK 223
TVLV G +G AAV +A + A+VI +S + +L+RQ GA A + + L ++
Sbjct: 147 TVLVHGGSGAVGHAAVQLA-RWAGARVIATASSAEGAELVRQAGADAVFNY-RAEDLADR 204
Query: 224 VLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGED---KTDLIRQKGAWAA 257
+L + G+ +V+ E + + D++ G
Sbjct: 205 ILAATAGQGVDVIIEVLANVNLAKDLDVLAPGGRIVV 241
>gnl|CDD|176228 cd08267, MDR1, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 99.6 bits (249), Expect = 3e-24
Identities = 63/201 (31%), Positives = 91/201 (45%), Gaps = 23/201 (11%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTL----PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDK 104
+N D L G K L P +PG +F+G V+ V + +VGD+
Sbjct: 38 VNPVDWKLRRG--PPKLLLGRPFPPIPGMDFAGEVVAVGSGVTR----------FKVGDE 85
Query: 105 VLALNKELLHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQ 163
V G ++ V + + K PE ++FE AA+L + TA K+K Q
Sbjct: 86 VFGRLPPKGGGALAEYVVAPESGLAKKPEGVSFEEAAALPVAGLTALQALRDAGKVKPGQ 145
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNK 223
VL+ A GG+G AV +A K A V GVC S +L+R GA + +T E +
Sbjct: 146 RVLINGASGGVGTFAVQIA-KALGAHVTGVC-STRNAELVRSLGADEVIDYTTEDFV--- 200
Query: 224 VLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGED 244
L G KY +V+F+AVG
Sbjct: 201 ALTAGGEKY-DVIFDAVGNSP 220
>gnl|CDD|214840 smart00829, PKS_ER, Enoylreductase. Enoylreductase in Polyketide
synthases.
Length = 287
Score = 98.6 bits (247), Expect = 4e-24
Identities = 56/198 (28%), Positives = 92/198 (46%), Gaps = 23/198 (11%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVL 106
+N D+L+ G + L G E +G V V V L VGD+V+
Sbjct: 8 LNFRDVLIALGLYPGEAVL----GGECAGVVTRVG------------PGVTGLAVGDRVM 51
Query: 107 ALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVL 166
L F+ + V V IP+ +FE AA++ + TA A+L+ ++VL
Sbjct: 52 GL---APGAFATRVVTDARLVVPIPDGWSFEEAATVPVVFLTAYYALVDLARLRPGESVL 108
Query: 167 VTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTF-TNEKSLVNKVL 225
+ AA GG+G AA+ +A + A+V S +K D +R G F + + S +++L
Sbjct: 109 IHAAAGGVGQAAIQLA-RHLGAEVFATAGSPEKRDFLRALGIPDDHIFSSRDLSFADEIL 167
Query: 226 EVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+GG+ +VV ++ GE
Sbjct: 168 RATGGRGVDVVLNSLSGE 185
>gnl|CDD|234027 TIGR02824, quinone_pig3, putative NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase,
PIG3 family. Members of this family are putative
quinone oxidoreductases that belong to the broader
superfamily (modeled by Pfam pfam00107) of
zinc-dependent alcohol (of medium chain length)
dehydrogenases and quinone oxiooreductases. The
alignment shows no motif of conserved Cys residues as
are found in zinc-binding members of the superfamily,
and members are likely to be quinone oxidoreductases
instead. A member of this family in Homo sapiens, PIG3,
is induced by p53 but is otherwise uncharacterized
[Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 325
Score = 96.6 bits (241), Expect = 3e-23
Identities = 57/200 (28%), Positives = 91/200 (45%), Gaps = 24/200 (12%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVL 106
+N DLL G P + G E +G V+ V E V +VGD+V
Sbjct: 39 VNRPDLLQRAGKYPPPPGASDILGLEVAGEVVAVG------------EGVSRWKVGDRVC 86
Query: 107 ALNKELLHG--FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLKEKQ 163
AL + G +++ V V +PE ++ AA+L +++ T +F R LK +
Sbjct: 87 AL----VAGGGYAEYVAVPAGQVLPVPEGLSLVEAAALPETFFTVWSNLFQR-GGLKAGE 141
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNK 223
TVL+ G+G A+ +A K + A+V S++K GA A+ + E+ V
Sbjct: 142 TVLIHGGASGIGTTAIQLA-KAFGARVFTTAGSDEKCAACEALGADIAINYR-EEDFVEV 199
Query: 224 VLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
V +GGK +V+ + VGG
Sbjct: 200 VKAETGGKGVDVILDIVGGS 219
>gnl|CDD|176213 cd08251, polyketide_synthase, polyketide synthase. Polyketide
synthases produce polyketides in step by step mechanism
that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl reductase
reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin is one
example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex enzymes
(megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 303
Score = 94.0 bits (234), Expect = 3e-22
Identities = 57/195 (29%), Positives = 95/195 (48%), Gaps = 13/195 (6%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N DLL G P P PGFE SG V V + L VGD+V+A
Sbjct: 19 LNFGDLLCVRGLYPTMPPYPFTPGFEASGVVRAVGPHVTR----------LAVGDEVIAG 68
Query: 109 NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVT 168
E + G + V + V + P ++FE A +L + T F+R A L + + +L+
Sbjct: 69 TGESMGGHATLVTVPEDQVVRKPASLSFEEACALPVVFLTVIDAFAR-AGLAKGEHILIQ 127
Query: 169 AAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVS 228
A GG GL AV +A ++ A++ +S+DK + ++Q G + + E+ +++ ++
Sbjct: 128 TATGGTGLMAVQLA-RLKGAEIYATASSDDKLEYLKQLGVPHVINYV-EEDFEEEIMRLT 185
Query: 229 GGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
GG+ +VV + GE
Sbjct: 186 GGRGVDVVINTLSGE 200
>gnl|CDD|176227 cd08266, Zn_ADH_like1, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group contains proteins related to the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. However, while
the group has structural zinc site characteristic of
these enzymes, it lacks the consensus site for a
catalytic zinc. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 342
Score = 89.2 bits (222), Expect = 2e-20
Identities = 58/213 (27%), Positives = 98/213 (46%), Gaps = 23/213 (10%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGD----- 103
+N DL + G K LP + G + +G V V + + + V+ G
Sbjct: 39 LNHLDLWVRRGMPGIKLPLPHILGSDGAGVVEAVGP--GVTNVKPGQRVVIYPGISCGRC 96
Query: 104 -----------KVLALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTND-VFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-Q 150
+ E + G + V + IP+ ++FE AA+ ++ TA
Sbjct: 97 EYCLAGRENLCAQYGILGEHVDGGYAEYVAVPARNLLPIPDNLSFEEAAAAPLTFLTAWH 156
Query: 151 IVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWA 210
++ +R A+L+ +TVLV AG G+G AA+ +A K++ A VI SEDK + ++ GA
Sbjct: 157 MLVTR-ARLRPGETVLVHGAGSGVGSAAIQIA-KLFGATVIATAGSEDKLERAKELGADY 214
Query: 211 ALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+ + E V +V E++G + +VV E VG
Sbjct: 215 VIDYRKED-FVREVRELTGKRGVDVVVEHVGAA 246
>gnl|CDD|176220 cd08259, Zn_ADH5, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group contains proteins that
share the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine
(His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48), then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 332
Score = 88.5 bits (220), Expect = 3e-20
Identities = 55/193 (28%), Positives = 87/193 (45%), Gaps = 23/193 (11%)
Query: 66 TLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDD----------EEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLH- 114
PL+ G E GTV EV + D + + G++ L N+
Sbjct: 53 KYPLILGHEIVGTVEEVGEGVERFKPGDRVILYYYIPCGKCEYCLSGEENLCRNRAEYGE 112
Query: 115 ----GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAA 170
GF++ V + K+P+ ++ E AA A TA + + A +K+ TVLVT A
Sbjct: 113 EVDGGFAEYVKVPERSLVKLPDNVSDESAALAACVVGTA-VHALKRAGVKKGDTVLVTGA 171
Query: 171 GGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGG 230
GGG+G+ A+ +A K A+VI V S +K ++++ GA + V ++ G
Sbjct: 172 GGGVGIHAIQLA-KALGARVIAVTRSPEKLKILKELGADYV---IDGSKFSEDVKKLGG- 226
Query: 231 KYANVVFEAVGGE 243
A+VV E VG
Sbjct: 227 --ADVVIELVGSP 237
>gnl|CDD|176212 cd08250, Mgc45594_like, Mgc45594 gene product and other MDR family
members. Includes Human Mgc45594 gene product of
undetermined function. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 86.5 bits (215), Expect = 1e-19
Identities = 60/195 (30%), Positives = 90/195 (46%), Gaps = 18/195 (9%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
IN+SD+ G D P GFE G V+ V + + +VGD V +
Sbjct: 42 INASDINFTAGRYDPGVKPPFDCGFEGVGEVVAVGEGVTD----------FKVGDAVATM 91
Query: 109 NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVT 168
+ F++ VV +PE L S TA I ++K +TVLVT
Sbjct: 92 S---FGAFAEYQVVPARHAVPVPEL--KPEVLPLLVSGLTASIALEEVGEMKSGETVLVT 146
Query: 169 AAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVS 228
AA GG G AV +A K+ VIG C+S++K + ++ G + + E + +VL+
Sbjct: 147 AAAGGTGQFAVQLA-KLAGCHVIGTCSSDEKAEFLKSLGCDRPINYKTED--LGEVLKKE 203
Query: 229 GGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
K +VV+E+VGGE
Sbjct: 204 YPKGVDVVYESVGGE 218
>gnl|CDD|176234 cd08273, MDR8, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 331
Score = 86.5 bits (215), Expect = 2e-19
Identities = 56/206 (27%), Positives = 94/206 (45%), Gaps = 25/206 (12%)
Query: 53 DLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKEL 112
D+ + G +P LP PG++ G V + + + +VGD+V AL +
Sbjct: 43 DVQMRRGLYPDQPPLPFTPGYDLVGRVDAL-GSGVTG---------FEVGDRVAALTR-- 90
Query: 113 LHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGG 172
+ G ++ + + +PE + A L +Y TA + R AK+ Q VL+ A G
Sbjct: 91 VGGNAEYINLDAKYLVPVPEGVDAAEAVCLVLNYVTAYQMLHRAAKVLTGQRVLIHGASG 150
Query: 173 GLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKY 232
G+G A +++A A+V G SE +R+ GA + + + L + GG
Sbjct: 151 GVGQALLELALLA-GAEVYGTA-SERNHAALRELGAT-PIDYRTKDWLPAMLTP--GG-- 203
Query: 233 ANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQKGAWAAL 258
+VVF+ VGGE + ++AAL
Sbjct: 204 VDVVFDGVGGESYEE------SYAAL 223
>gnl|CDD|176206 cd08244, MDR_enoyl_red, Possible enoyl reductase. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 83.6 bits (207), Expect = 2e-18
Identities = 57/186 (30%), Positives = 81/186 (43%), Gaps = 13/186 (6%)
Query: 58 NGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFS 117
G G P LP VPG E +G V V + +G +V+A G++
Sbjct: 50 WGPGPFPPELPYVPGGEVAGVVDAVGP---------GVDPAW-LGRRVVAHTGRAGGGYA 99
Query: 118 DQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLA 177
+ V + + +P+ + E A ++ TA + A L VLVTAA GGLG
Sbjct: 100 ELAVADVDSLHPVPDGLDLEAAVAVVHDGRTALGLL-DLATLTPGDVVLVTAAAGGLGSL 158
Query: 178 AVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVF 237
V +A K A V+G KT L+R GA A+ +T ++V E GG VV
Sbjct: 159 LVQLA-KAAGATVVGAAGGPAKTALVRALGADVAVDYT-RPDWPDQVREALGGGGVTVVL 216
Query: 238 EAVGGE 243
+ VGG
Sbjct: 217 DGVGGA 222
>gnl|CDD|223992 COG1064, AdhP, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 339
Score = 82.3 bits (204), Expect = 6e-18
Identities = 62/223 (27%), Positives = 94/223 (42%), Gaps = 54/223 (24%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKV---- 105
+DL + G P LPL+PG E GTV+EV E V L+VGD+V
Sbjct: 43 TDLHVAKG-DWPVPKLPLIPGHEIVGTVVEVG------------EGVTGLKVGDRVGVGW 89
Query: 106 -----------------LALNKELLH-----GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLA 143
L N+++ G+++ VV V KIPE + AA L
Sbjct: 90 LVISCGECEYCRSGNENLCPNQKITGYTTDGGYAEYVVVPARYVVKIPEGLDLAEAAPLL 149
Query: 144 DSYSTAQIVFS--RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTD 201
+ T + + A +K + V V A GGLG AV A K A+VI + SE+K +
Sbjct: 150 CAGIT---TYRALKKANVKPGKWVAVVGA-GGLGHMAVQYA-KAMGAEVIAITRSEEKLE 204
Query: 202 LIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGED 244
L ++ GA + ++ + V + A+ + + VG
Sbjct: 205 LAKKLGADHVINSSDSD-ALEAV-----KEIADAIIDTVGPAT 241
Score = 37.2 bits (87), Expect = 0.008
Identities = 16/42 (38%), Positives = 24/42 (57%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I ++ C + +DL + G P LPL+PG E GT++E
Sbjct: 31 VLIKVEACGVCHTDLHVAKG-DWPVPKLPLIPGHEIVGTVVE 71
>gnl|CDD|184316 PRK13771, PRK13771, putative alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 82.0 bits (203), Expect = 6e-18
Identities = 53/192 (27%), Positives = 87/192 (45%), Gaps = 26/192 (13%)
Query: 67 LPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSST----------EEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNK-----E 111
P++ G E GTV EV + D + + G++ N+ E
Sbjct: 54 YPVILGHEVVGTVEEVGENVKGFKPGDRVASLLYAPDGTCEYCRSGEEAYCKNRLGYGEE 113
Query: 112 LLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFS-RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAA 170
L F++ V + K+P ++ E A + T + R A +K+ +TVLVT A
Sbjct: 114 LDGFFAEYAKVKVTSLVKVPPNVSDE-GAVIV-PCVTGMVYRGLRRAGVKKGETVLVTGA 171
Query: 171 GGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGG 230
GGG+G+ A+ +A K AKVI V +SE K ++ + +A K ++ ++ GG
Sbjct: 172 GGGVGIHAIQVA-KALGAKVIAVTSSESKAKIVSK---YADYVIVGSK--FSEEVKKIGG 225
Query: 231 KYANVVFEAVGG 242
A++V E VG
Sbjct: 226 --ADIVIETVGT 235
>gnl|CDD|223991 COG1063, Tdh, Threonine dehydrogenase and related Zn-dependent
dehydrogenases [Amino acid transport and metabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 350
Score = 82.0 bits (203), Expect = 8e-18
Identities = 56/221 (25%), Positives = 93/221 (42%), Gaps = 44/221 (19%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV------ 105
SDL +Y G P ++ G EF G V+EV +VGD+V
Sbjct: 40 SDLHIYRGGEPFVPPGDIILGHEFVGEVVEVGVV-----------RGFKVGDRVVVEPNI 88
Query: 106 ---------------------LALNKELLH---GFSDQCVVHTND-VFKIPEKMTFEHAA 140
GF++ V + + K+P+ + E AA
Sbjct: 89 PCGHCRYCRAGEYNLCENPGFYGYAGLGGGIDGGFAEYVRVPADFNLAKLPDGIDEEAAA 148
Query: 141 SLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKT 200
L + +TA + A ++ TV+V AG +GL A+ +A + + VI V S ++
Sbjct: 149 -LTEPLATAYHGHAERAAVRPGGTVVVVGAGP-IGLLAIALAKLLGASVVIVVDRSPERL 206
Query: 201 DLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+L ++ G + +E ++LE++GG+ A+VV EAVG
Sbjct: 207 ELAKEAGGADVVVNPSEDDAGAEILELTGGRGADVVIEAVG 247
Score = 32.0 bits (73), Expect = 0.37
Identities = 13/42 (30%), Positives = 20/42 (47%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I + + SDL +Y G P ++ G EF G ++E
Sbjct: 28 VLIRVTATGICGSDLHIYRGGEPFVPPGDIILGHEFVGEVVE 69
>gnl|CDD|182701 PRK10754, PRK10754, quinone oxidoreductase, NADPH-dependent;
Provisional.
Length = 327
Score = 79.4 bits (196), Expect = 6e-17
Identities = 55/192 (28%), Positives = 93/192 (48%), Gaps = 16/192 (8%)
Query: 65 PTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHT 124
P+LP G E +G V +V ++VGD+V + L +S V
Sbjct: 55 PSLPSGLGTEAAGVVSKVGSGVKH----------IKVGDRV-VYAQSALGAYSSVHNVPA 103
Query: 125 NDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATK 184
+ +P+ ++FE AA+ T + + ++K + L AA GG+GL A A K
Sbjct: 104 DKAAILPDAISFEQAAASFLKGLTVYYLLRKTYEIKPDEQFLFHAAAGGVGLIACQWA-K 162
Query: 185 IYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGG-- 242
AK+IG S K ++ GAW + + E+++V +V E++GGK VV+++VG
Sbjct: 163 ALGAKLIGTVGSAQKAQRAKKAGAWQVINY-REENIVERVKEITGGKKVRVVYDSVGKDT 221
Query: 243 -EDKTDLIRQKG 253
E D ++++G
Sbjct: 222 WEASLDCLQRRG 233
>gnl|CDD|176198 cd08236, sugar_DH, NAD(P)-dependent sugar dehydrogenases. This
group contains proteins identified as sorbitol
dehydrogenases and other sugar dehydrogenases of the
medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), which
includes zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and
related proteins. Sorbitol and aldose reductase are
NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose. Sorbitol
dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single catalytic
zinc per subunit. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Related proteins include
threonine dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and
butanediol dehydrogenase. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. Horse
liver alcohol dehydrogenase is a dimeric enzyme and each
subunit has two domains. The NAD binding domain is in a
Rossmann fold and the catalytic domain contains a zinc
ion to which substrates bind. There is a cleft between
the domains that closes upon formation of the ternary
complex.
Length = 343
Score = 77.3 bits (191), Expect = 3e-16
Identities = 69/219 (31%), Positives = 99/219 (45%), Gaps = 44/219 (20%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV--- 105
I SD+ Y G+G P PLV G EFSGTV EV D L VGD+V
Sbjct: 36 ICGSDIPRYLGTGAYHP--PLVLGHEFSGTVEEVGS----------GVDDLAVGDRVAVN 83
Query: 106 -----------------LALNKELL----HG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLA 143
L N + + G F++ V ++ KIP+ + +E AA +
Sbjct: 84 PLLPCGKCEYCKKGEYSLCSNYDYIGSRRDGAFAEYVSVPARNLIKIPDHVDYEEAA-MI 142
Query: 144 DSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAK-VIGVCNSEDKTDL 202
+ + A R A + TV+V A G +GL A+ KI AK VI V ++K +
Sbjct: 143 EPAAVALHAV-RLAGITLGDTVVVIGA-GTIGLLAI-QWLKILGAKRVIAVDIDDEKLAV 199
Query: 203 IRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
R+ G A T ++ V KV E++ G+ A++V EA G
Sbjct: 200 ARELG--ADDTINPKEEDVEKVRELTEGRGADLVIEAAG 236
>gnl|CDD|176216 cd08254, hydroxyacyl_CoA_DH, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase,
and other MDR family members. This group contains
enzymes of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
family, including members (aka MDR) identified as
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase and
N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase.
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase
catalyzes the conversion of
6-Hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA and NAD+ to
6-Ketoxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA,NADH, and H+. This
group displays the characteristic catalytic and
structural zinc sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 338
Score = 76.5 bits (189), Expect = 5e-16
Identities = 60/216 (27%), Positives = 84/216 (38%), Gaps = 41/216 (18%)
Query: 52 SDL-LLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV----- 105
SDL +L G LPL G E +GTV+EV +VGD+V
Sbjct: 41 SDLHILDGGVPTLTK-LPLTLGHEIAGTVVEV----------GAGVTNFKVGDRVAVPAV 89
Query: 106 -----------------LALNKELLH---GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADS 145
L L GF++ VV + +P+ + F AA D+
Sbjct: 90 IPCGACALCRRGRGNLCLNQGMPGLGIDGGFAEYIVVPARALVPVPDGVPFAQAAVATDA 149
Query: 146 YSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQ 205
T R ++K +TVLV GGLGL AV +A K A VI V E+K +L ++
Sbjct: 150 VLTPYHAVVRAGEVKPGETVLVIGL-GGLGLNAVQIA-KAMGAAVIAVDIKEEKLELAKE 207
Query: 206 KGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
G A + G +V+F+ VG
Sbjct: 208 LG--ADEVLNSLDDSPKDKKAAGLGGGFDVIFDFVG 241
>gnl|CDD|176232 cd08271, MDR5, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 325
Score = 75.8 bits (187), Expect = 1e-15
Identities = 50/188 (26%), Positives = 90/188 (47%), Gaps = 14/188 (7%)
Query: 58 NGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHG-F 116
G + P VPG + +G V+ V + +VGD+V G F
Sbjct: 47 IAWGPPAWSYPHVPGVDGAGVVVAVGAKVTGW----------KVGDRVAYHASLARGGSF 96
Query: 117 SDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGL 176
++ VV V +P+ ++FE AA+L + TA + +++ +T+L+T GG+G
Sbjct: 97 AEYTVVDARAVLPLPDSLSFEEAAALPCAGLTAYQALFKKLRIEAGRTILITGGAGGVGS 156
Query: 177 AAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVV 236
AV +A K +VI C S+ + ++ GA + + +E + ++ E++GG+ + V
Sbjct: 157 FAVQLA-KRAGLRVITTC-SKRNFEYVKSLGADHVIDYNDE-DVCERIKEITGGRGVDAV 213
Query: 237 FEAVGGED 244
+ VGGE
Sbjct: 214 LDTVGGET 221
>gnl|CDD|176233 cd08272, MDR6, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 326
Score = 74.1 bits (183), Expect = 3e-15
Identities = 59/202 (29%), Positives = 88/202 (43%), Gaps = 21/202 (10%)
Query: 47 TRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDK 104
+ +N D + G A+P LP + G + +G V V E V +VGD+
Sbjct: 37 SGVNPLDTKIRRGGAAARPPLPAILGCDVAGVVEAVG------------EGVTRFRVGDE 84
Query: 105 VLALNKEL--LHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKE 161
V L L G ++ VV + P ++ AA+L TA A ++
Sbjct: 85 VYGCAGGLGGLQGSLAEYAVVDARLLALKPANLSMREAAALPLVGITAWEGLVDRAAVQA 144
Query: 162 KQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLV 221
QTVL+ GG+G AV +A K A+V S +K R GA + + +V
Sbjct: 145 GQTVLIHGGAGGVGHVAVQLA-KAAGARVYATA-SSEKAAFARSLGADPIIYYRET--VV 200
Query: 222 NKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
V E +GG+ +VVF+ VGGE
Sbjct: 201 EYVAEHTGGRGFDVVFDTVGGE 222
>gnl|CDD|176221 cd08260, Zn_ADH6, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group has the characteristic
catalytic and structural zinc sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde
to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR),
which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold
of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs
in the cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 345
Score = 74.2 bits (183), Expect = 4e-15
Identities = 62/209 (29%), Positives = 95/209 (45%), Gaps = 44/209 (21%)
Query: 62 DAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKV-------------- 105
D TLP VPG EF+G V+EV EDV +VGD+V
Sbjct: 49 DPDVTLPHVPGHEFAGVVVEVG------------EDVSRWRVGDRVTVPFVLGCGTCPYC 96
Query: 106 LALNKEL----------LHG-FSDQCVVHTNDV--FKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIV 152
A + + G F++ V DV ++P+ + F AA L ++TA
Sbjct: 97 RAGDSNVCEHQVQPGFTHPGSFAEYVAVPRADVNLVRLPDDVDFVTAAGLGCRFATAFRA 156
Query: 153 FSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAAL 212
A++K + V V GG+GL+AV M A+VI V +DK +L R+ GA A +
Sbjct: 157 LVHQARVKPGEWVAVHGC-GGVGLSAV-MIASALGARVIAVDIDDDKLELARELGAVATV 214
Query: 213 TFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ + + V +++GG A+V +A+G
Sbjct: 215 NASEVEDVAAAVRDLTGGG-AHVSVDALG 242
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 16/42 (38%), Positives = 25/42 (59%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V ++++ C + SD + G D TLP VPG EF+G ++E
Sbjct: 28 VVVEVEACGVCRSDWHGWQG-HDPDVTLPHVPGHEFAGVVVE 68
>gnl|CDD|176235 cd08274, MDR9, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 350
Score = 73.9 bits (182), Expect = 5e-15
Identities = 56/197 (28%), Positives = 84/197 (42%), Gaps = 27/197 (13%)
Query: 68 PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVA--------------DTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELL 113
P + G + G V+ V D EDD D+ +G E
Sbjct: 78 PRIQGADIVGRVVAVGEGVDTARIGERVLVDPSIRDPPEDDPADIDYIG-------SERD 130
Query: 114 HGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGG 173
GF++ VV + + + ++ A+ SYSTA+ + R A + +TVLVT A GG
Sbjct: 131 GGFAEYTVVPAENAYPVNSPLSDVELATFPCSYSTAENMLER-AGVGAGETVLVTGASGG 189
Query: 174 LGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYA 233
+G A V +A K A VI V K + +R G A T + + + GG+
Sbjct: 190 VGSALVQLA-KRRGAIVIAVA-GAAKEEAVRALG---ADTVILRDAPLLADAKALGGEPV 244
Query: 234 NVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIR 250
+VV + VGG DL+R
Sbjct: 245 DVVADVVGGPLFPDLLR 261
>gnl|CDD|176222 cd08261, Zn_ADH7, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes
various activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 73.4 bits (181), Expect = 6e-15
Identities = 61/218 (27%), Positives = 100/218 (45%), Gaps = 48/218 (22%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKP--TLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL- 108
SDL +Y+G P + P + G E SG V+EV + L+VGD+V+
Sbjct: 39 SDLHIYHGR---NPFASYPRILGHELSGEVVEV----------GEGVAGLKVGDRVVVDP 85
Query: 109 -------------------NKELL--H---GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLAD 144
N ++L H GF++ VV D +PE ++ + AA L +
Sbjct: 86 YISCGECYACRKGRPNCCENLQVLGVHRDGGFAEYIVVPA-DALLVPEGLSLDQAA-LVE 143
Query: 145 SYST-AQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLI 203
+ A V R A + TVLV AG +GL + +A K A+VI V +++ +
Sbjct: 144 PLAIGAHAV--RRAGVTAGDTVLVVGAGP-IGLGVIQVA-KARGARVIVVDIDDERLEFA 199
Query: 204 RQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
R+ GA + +E + ++ E++ G+ A+VV +A G
Sbjct: 200 RELGADDTINVGDED-VAARLRELTDGEGADVVIDATG 236
>gnl|CDD|176210 cd08248, RTN4I1, Human Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1. Human
Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 is a member of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/ reductase (MDR) family.
Riticulons are endoplasmic reticulum associated proteins
involved in membrane trafficking and neuroendocrine
secretion. The MDR/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 350
Score = 71.1 bits (175), Expect = 5e-14
Identities = 50/188 (26%), Positives = 81/188 (43%), Gaps = 21/188 (11%)
Query: 62 DAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHG-FSDQC 120
+ PL G + SG V+++ S ++GD+V G ++
Sbjct: 68 YSGIEFPLTLGRDCSGVVVDIGSGVKS----------FEIGDEVWGAVPPWSQGTHAEYV 117
Query: 121 VVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQT----VLVTAAGGGLGL 176
VV N+V K P+ ++ E AASL + TA L K VL+ GG+G
Sbjct: 118 VVPENEVSKKPKNLSHEEAASLPYAGLTAWSALVNVGGLNPKNAAGKRVLILGGSGGVGT 177
Query: 177 AAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVV 236
A+ + K + A V C S D L++ GA + + NE ++ E GK+ +V+
Sbjct: 178 FAIQLL-KAWGAHVTTTC-STDAIPLVKSLGADDVIDYNNE-DFEEELTER--GKF-DVI 231
Query: 237 FEAVGGED 244
+ VGG+
Sbjct: 232 LDTVGGDT 239
>gnl|CDD|176195 cd08233, butanediol_DH_like, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase.
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, a zinc-dependent
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase, catalyzes the
NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and
meso-butanediol to acetoin. BDH functions as a
homodimer. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Sorbitol and aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding
proteins of the polyol pathway, which interconverts
glucose and fructose. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is
tetrameric and has a single catalytic zinc per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 69.5 bits (171), Expect = 2e-13
Identities = 70/266 (26%), Positives = 104/266 (39%), Gaps = 67/266 (25%)
Query: 66 TLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKV-----------LALNKEL 112
T P+ G EFSG V+EV V +VGD+V A + L
Sbjct: 63 TAPVTLGHEFSGVVVEVG------------SGVTGFKVGDRVVVEPTIKCGTCGACKRGL 110
Query: 113 LH---------------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAA---SLADSYSTAQIVFS 154
+ GF++ VV V K+P+ + E AA LA ++
Sbjct: 111 YNLCDSLGFIGLGGGGGGFAEYVVVPAYHVHKLPDNVPLEEAALVEPLAVAWHAV----- 165
Query: 155 RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALT 213
R + K T LV A G +GL + +A K A K+I SE + +L + G A +
Sbjct: 166 RRSGFKPGDTALVLGA-GPIGLLTI-LALKAAGASKIIVSEPSEARRELAEELG--ATIV 221
Query: 214 FT-NEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKT-----DLIRQKGA------WAALTFT 261
E +V +V +++GG +V F+ G + T D +R +G W
Sbjct: 222 LDPTEVDVVAEVRKLTGGGGVDVSFDCAGVQ-ATLDTAIDALRPRGTAVNVAIWEKPISF 280
Query: 262 NEKSLVNKVLEVSGG-KYANVVFEAV 286
N LV K ++G Y FE V
Sbjct: 281 NPNDLVLKEKTLTGSICYTREDFEEV 306
Score = 29.4 bits (67), Expect = 2.2
Identities = 16/52 (30%), Positives = 23/52 (44%), Gaps = 10/52 (19%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNG-----SGDAKP-----TLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V+I + C + SDL Y + P T P+ G EFSG ++E
Sbjct: 27 VKIKVAWCGICGSDLHEYLDGPIFIPTEGHPHLTGETAPVTLGHEFSGVVVE 78
>gnl|CDD|176211 cd08249, enoyl_reductase_like, enoyl_reductase_like. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 339
Score = 68.8 bits (169), Expect = 3e-13
Identities = 57/254 (22%), Positives = 96/254 (37%), Gaps = 38/254 (14%)
Query: 65 PTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL-----NKELLHG-FSD 118
P+ P + G +F+GTV+EV S T +VGD+V + +G F +
Sbjct: 52 PSYPAILGCDFAGTVVEVG---SGVTR-------FKVGDRVAGFVHGGNPNDPRNGAFQE 101
Query: 119 QCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKL----------KEKQTVLVT 168
V + KIP+ ++FE AA+L TA + + L + + VL+
Sbjct: 102 YVVADADLTAKIPDNISFEEAATLPVGLVTAALALFQKLGLPLPPPKPSPASKGKPVLIW 161
Query: 169 AAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFT-NEKSLVNKVLEV 227
+G A+ +A K+ KVI S DL++ G A F ++ +V +
Sbjct: 162 GGSSSVGTLAIQLA-KLAGYKVITTA-SPKNFDLVKSLG--ADAVFDYHDPDVVEDIRAA 217
Query: 228 SGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLI------RQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANV 281
+GGK + + + L G +L E++ K ++V V
Sbjct: 218 TGGKLR-YALDCISTPESAQLCAEALGRSGGGKLVSLLPVPEETEPRKGVKVKFVLGYTV 276
Query: 282 VFEAVGGEVFKAAM 295
E F
Sbjct: 277 FGEIPEDREFGEVF 290
>gnl|CDD|176181 cd05278, FDH_like, Formaldehyde dehydrogenases. Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (aka ADH3) may be
the ancestral form of alcohol dehydrogenase, which
evolved to detoxify formaldehyde. This CD contains
glutathione dependant FDH, glutathione independent FDH,
and related alcohol dehydrogenases. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas
putida aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 347
Score = 68.5 bits (168), Expect = 4e-13
Identities = 66/245 (26%), Positives = 102/245 (41%), Gaps = 48/245 (19%)
Query: 32 PGFEFSGTIIEKKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGD-AKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEV-ADTKSSS 89
P + I + T I SDL +Y G AK ++ G EF G V+EV +D K
Sbjct: 20 PKIQGPHDAIVRVTATSICGSDLHIYRGGVPGAKH--GMILGHEFVGEVVEVGSDVKR-- 75
Query: 90 TEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA-------LNKELLHGFSDQC-------------------VVH 123
L+ GD+V + G+ C V
Sbjct: 76 ---------LKPGDRVSVPCITFCGRCRFCRRGYHAHCENGLWGWKLGNRIDGGQAEYVR 126
Query: 124 TND----VFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAV 179
+ KIP+ + E A L+D T + A +K TV V AG +GL AV
Sbjct: 127 VPYADMNLAKIPDGLPDEDALMLSDILPTGFHG-AELAGIKPGSTVAVIGAGP-VGLCAV 184
Query: 180 DMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEA 239
A + A++I V ++ ++ DL ++ GA + N +V ++LE++GG+ + V EA
Sbjct: 185 AGARLLGAARIIAVDSNPERLDLAKEAGATDIINPKNG-DIVEQILELTGGRGVDCVIEA 243
Query: 240 VGGED 244
VG E+
Sbjct: 244 VGFEE 248
>gnl|CDD|176219 cd08258, Zn_ADH4, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group shares the zinc coordination sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 306
Score = 67.0 bits (164), Expect = 9e-13
Identities = 64/237 (27%), Positives = 99/237 (41%), Gaps = 54/237 (22%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVLALN 109
SDL +Y G D P+V G EFSGT++EV DV +VGD+V++
Sbjct: 41 SDLHIYKGDYDP-VETPVVLGHEFSGTIVEVG------------PDVEGWKVGDRVVSET 87
Query: 110 -------------KELLH-------------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAA--- 140
+ GF++ +V + ++PE ++ E AA
Sbjct: 88 TFSTCGRCPYCRRGDYNLCPHRKGIGTQADGGFAEYVLVPEESLHELPENLSLEAAALTE 147
Query: 141 SLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKT 200
LA + V R + ++ TV+V G +GL A +A K+ A V+ V +D+
Sbjct: 148 PLAVAV---HAVAER-SGIRPGDTVVVFGPGP-IGLLAAQVA-KLQGATVVVVGTEKDEV 201
Query: 201 DLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGG----EDKTDLIRQKG 253
L K A E+ L V E++ G A+VV E G E +L+R+ G
Sbjct: 202 RLDVAKELGADAVNGGEEDLAELVNEITDGDGADVVIECSGAVPALEQALELLRKGG 258
Score = 38.1 bits (89), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 18/42 (42%), Positives = 23/42 (54%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I + + SDL +Y G D P+V G EFSGTI+E
Sbjct: 29 VLIKVAAAGICGSDLHIYKGDYDP-VETPVVLGHEFSGTIVE 69
>gnl|CDD|176257 cd08297, CAD3, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 67.2 bits (165), Expect = 1e-12
Identities = 56/205 (27%), Positives = 84/205 (40%), Gaps = 39/205 (19%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALN-- 109
+DL G KP LPL+ G E +G V+ V S L+VGD+V
Sbjct: 41 TDLHAALGDWPVKPKLPLIGGHEGAGVVVAVGPGVSG----------LKVGDRVGVKWLY 90
Query: 110 ------------------KELLHG------FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADS 145
+ G F++ + V IP+ ++FE AA L +
Sbjct: 91 DACGKCEYCRTGDETLCPNQKNSGYTVDGTFAEYAIADARYVTPIPDGLSFEQAAPLLCA 150
Query: 146 YSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQ 205
T + A LK V+++ AGGGLG V A K +VI + ++K +L ++
Sbjct: 151 GVTVYKALKK-AGLKPGDWVVISGAGGGLGHLGVQYA-KAMGLRVIAIDVGDEKLELAKE 208
Query: 206 KGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGG 230
GA A + F V V E++GG
Sbjct: 209 LGADAFVDFKKS-DDVEAVKELTGG 232
Score = 31.0 bits (71), Expect = 0.69
Identities = 11/40 (27%), Positives = 20/40 (50%)
Query: 3 IDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
+ ++ + +DL G KP LPL+ G E +G ++
Sbjct: 31 VKLEASGVCHTDLHAALGDWPVKPKLPLIGGHEGAGVVVA 70
>gnl|CDD|176187 cd05284, arabinose_DH_like, D-arabinose dehydrogenase. This group
contains arabinose dehydrogenase (AraDH) and related
alcohol dehydrogenases. AraDH is a member of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family and catalyzes the
NAD(P)-dependent oxidation of D-arabinose and other
pentoses, the initial step in the metabolism of
d-arabinose into 2-oxoglutarate. Like the alcohol
dehydrogenases, AraDH binds a zinc in the catalytic
cleft as well as a distal structural zinc. AraDH forms
homotetramers as a dimer of dimers. AraDH replaces a
conserved catalytic His with replace with Arg, compared
to the canonical ADH site. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 340
Score = 65.3 bits (160), Expect = 4e-12
Identities = 60/237 (25%), Positives = 94/237 (39%), Gaps = 49/237 (20%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAK----PTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL- 106
SDL + G LP G E +G V EV D L+ GD V+
Sbjct: 40 SDLHVI--DGVWGGILPYKLPFTLGHENAGWVEEVGS----------GVDGLKEGDPVVV 87
Query: 107 ------------ALNKELLH------------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASL 142
+E GF++ +V + + K+P + AA L
Sbjct: 88 HPPWGCGTCRYCRRGEENYCENARFPGIGTDGGFAEYLLVPSRRLVKLPRGLDPVEAAPL 147
Query: 143 ADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEK-QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTD 201
AD+ TA + + TV+V GG LG AV + + A VI V SE+
Sbjct: 148 ADAGLTAYHAVKKALPYLDPGSTVVVIGVGG-LGHIAVQILRALTPATVIAVDRSEEALK 206
Query: 202 LIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTD----LIRQKGA 254
L + GA L +++ +V +V E++GG+ A+ V + VG ++ L+ + G
Sbjct: 207 LAERLGADHVLNASDD--VVEEVRELTGGRGADAVIDFVGSDETLALAAKLLAKGGR 261
>gnl|CDD|176251 cd08291, ETR_like_1, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 1. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 63.8 bits (156), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 54/199 (27%), Positives = 90/199 (45%), Gaps = 21/199 (10%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
IN SDL G + LP+ PGFE SGTV+ L +G +V L
Sbjct: 42 INPSDLGFLKGQYGSTKALPVPPGFEGSGTVVAAGG--------GPLAQSL-IGKRVAFL 92
Query: 109 NKELLHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLV 167
+G +++ V +P+ ++FE AS + TA + A+ + + V+
Sbjct: 93 AGS--YGTYAEYAVADAQQCLPLPDGVSFEQGASSFVNPLTA-LGMLETAREEGAKAVVH 149
Query: 168 TAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA---KVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKV 224
TAA LG M ++ KA KVI + +++ DL+++ GA L +++ + +
Sbjct: 150 TAAASALG----RMLVRLCKADGIKVINIVRRKEQVDLLKKIGAEYVLN-SSDPDFLEDL 204
Query: 225 LEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
E+ A + F+AVGG
Sbjct: 205 KELIAKLNATIFFDAVGGG 223
>gnl|CDD|176205 cd08243, quinone_oxidoreductase_like_1, Quinone oxidoreductase
(QOR). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 320
Score = 63.8 bits (156), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 38/165 (23%), Positives = 65/165 (39%), Gaps = 20/165 (12%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNG-SGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA 107
+N S++ G S K P V G E G V E G +V
Sbjct: 39 LNRSEIFTRQGHSPSVK--FPRVLGIEAVGEVEE------------APGGTFTPGQRVAT 84
Query: 108 LNKELLH----GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQ 163
+ +++ +V V+ I +++ A+L ++Y TA R L+
Sbjct: 85 AMGGMGRTFDGSYAEYTLVPNEQVYAIDSDLSWAELAALPETYYTAWGSLFRSLGLQPGD 144
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
T+L+ +GLAA+ +A K A V S ++ L+++ GA
Sbjct: 145 TLLIRGGTSSVGLAALKLA-KALGATVTATTRSPERAALLKELGA 188
>gnl|CDD|176196 cd08234, threonine_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine
dehydrogenase (TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent
formation of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine,
via NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal region typically
has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly
bound zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose
reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol
pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 334
Score = 62.9 bits (154), Expect = 2e-11
Identities = 59/221 (26%), Positives = 86/221 (38%), Gaps = 57/221 (25%)
Query: 53 DLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVLALNK 110
DL +Y G A P PLVPG EF+G V+ V V +VGD+V
Sbjct: 40 DLHIYEGEFGAAP--PLVPGHEFAGVVVAVG------------SKVTGFKVGDRVAVDPN 85
Query: 111 ELLH-------------------------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADS 145
GF++ VV V+KIP+ ++FE AA LA+
Sbjct: 86 IYCGECFYCRRGRPNLCENLTAVGVTRNGGFAEYVVVPAKQVYKIPDNLSFEEAA-LAEP 144
Query: 146 YSTAQIVFSRH----AKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGG-LGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKT 200
S A H +K +VLV G G +GL + ++V +E+K
Sbjct: 145 LSCAV-----HGLDLLGIKPGDSVLVF--GAGPIGLLLAQLLKLNGASRVTVAEPNEEKL 197
Query: 201 DLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+L ++ G A T + E + + +VV EA G
Sbjct: 198 ELAKKLG--ATETVDPSREDPEAQKEDNPYGF-DVVIEATG 235
Score = 34.0 bits (79), Expect = 0.063
Identities = 17/42 (40%), Positives = 24/42 (57%), Gaps = 2/42 (4%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I + C + +DL +Y G A P PLVPG EF+G ++
Sbjct: 27 VLIKVAACGICGTDLHIYEGEFGAAP--PLVPGHEFAGVVVA 66
>gnl|CDD|176183 cd05280, MDR_yhdh_yhfp, Yhdh and yhfp-like putative quinone
oxidoreductases. Yhdh and yhfp-like putative quinone
oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR catalyzes the conversion of a
quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones
are cyclic diones derived from aromatic compounds.
Membrane bound QOR actin the respiratory chains of
bacteria and mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to
protect from toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a
soluble eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 62.2 bits (152), Expect = 4e-11
Identities = 55/222 (24%), Positives = 93/222 (41%), Gaps = 31/222 (13%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N D L G+G P PG + +GTV+ D + + GD+VL
Sbjct: 39 LNYKDALAATGNGGVTRNYPHTPGIDAAGTVVSSDDPR------------FREGDEVLVT 86
Query: 109 NKEL--LH--GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIV---FSRHAKLKE 161
+L GF++ V + V +PE ++ A L + TA + + + E
Sbjct: 87 GYDLGMNTDGGFAEYVRVPADWVVPLPEGLSLREAMILGTAGFTAALSVHRLEDNGQTPE 146
Query: 162 KQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKI-YKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAAL---TFTNE 217
VLVT A GG+G AV + K+ Y V+ + E++ D ++ GA L +E
Sbjct: 147 DGPVLVTGATGGVGSIAVAILAKLGY--TVVALTGKEEQADYLKSLGASEVLDREDLLDE 204
Query: 218 KSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALT 259
K L ++A + + VGG+ +L++Q +
Sbjct: 205 SK---KPLL--KARWAGAI-DTVGGDVLANLLKQTKYGGVVA 240
>gnl|CDD|176193 cd08231, MDR_TM0436_like, Hypothetical enzyme TM0436 resembles the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH). This group
contains the hypothetical TM0436 alcohol dehydrogenase
from Thermotoga maritima, proteins annotated as
5-exo-alcohol dehydrogenase, and other members of the
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
MDR, which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. MDRs display
a broad range of activities and are distinguished from
the smaller short chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino
acids vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR
proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)
binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and an
N-terminal catalytic domain with distant homology to
GroES. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 361
Score = 62.3 bits (152), Expect = 5e-11
Identities = 53/225 (23%), Positives = 89/225 (39%), Gaps = 41/225 (18%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV------ 105
SD+ G P LP++ G E G V+ + + D + L+VGD+V
Sbjct: 40 SDVHTVAGRRPRVP-LPIILGHEGVGRVVALGGGVT----TDVAGEPLKVGDRVTWSVGA 94
Query: 106 --------------LALNK------------ELLHGFSDQCVVH-TNDVFKIPEKMTFEH 138
N+ L G+++ + + ++P+ + E
Sbjct: 95 PCGRCYRCLVGDPTKCENRKKYGHEASCDDPHLSGGYAEHIYLPPGTAIVRVPDNVPDEV 154
Query: 139 AASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSED 198
AA + +T R + TV+V AG LGL AV A +VI + S +
Sbjct: 155 AAPANCALATVLAALDRAGPVGAGDTVVVQGAGP-LGLYAVAAAKLAGARRVIVIDGSPE 213
Query: 199 KTDLIRQKGAWA--ALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ +L R+ GA A + + V +++GG+ A+VV EA G
Sbjct: 214 RLELAREFGADATIDIDELPDPQRRAIVRDITGGRGADVVIEASG 258
>gnl|CDD|176224 cd08263, Zn_ADH10, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 367
Score = 60.5 bits (147), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 52/237 (21%), Positives = 89/237 (37%), Gaps = 58/237 (24%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA---- 107
SDL + G + P V G E SG V+EV + L VGD+V+
Sbjct: 40 SDLHVLKG--ELPFPPPFVLGHEISGEVVEVGP-------NVENPYGLSVGDRVVGSFIM 90
Query: 108 -----------------------LNKELLH--------------------GFSDQCVVHT 124
K L+ G ++ VV
Sbjct: 91 PCGKCRYCARGKENLCEDFFAYNRLKGTLYDGTTRLFRLDGGPVYMYSMGGLAEYAVVPA 150
Query: 125 NDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATK 184
+ +PE + + +A L + TA A ++ +TV V GG +G +A+ +A
Sbjct: 151 TALAPLPESLDYTESAVLGCAGFTAYGALKHAADVRPGETVAVIGVGG-VGSSAIQLAKA 209
Query: 185 IYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ +I V ++K ++ GA + ++ V + E++GG+ +VV EA+G
Sbjct: 210 FGASPIIAVDVRDEKLAKAKELGATHTVN-AAKEDAVAAIREITGGRGVDVVVEALG 265
>gnl|CDD|176250 cd08290, ETR, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR). 2-enoyl thioester
reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in
mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 341
Score = 60.3 bits (147), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 48/177 (27%), Positives = 73/177 (41%), Gaps = 28/177 (15%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPT----LPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDK 104
IN +D+ G KP P V G E G V++V S L+ GD
Sbjct: 41 INPADINQIQGVYPIKPPTTPEPPAVGGNEGVGEVVKVGSGVKS----------LKPGDW 90
Query: 105 VLALNKEL----LHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLK 160
V+ L L H VV +D+ K+P + E AA+L+ + TA + KL+
Sbjct: 91 VIPLRPGLGTWRTHA-----VVPADDLIKVPNDVDPEQAATLSVNPCTAYRLLEDFVKLQ 145
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVC----NSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALT 213
V+ A +G A + +A K+ K I V + E+ + ++ GA LT
Sbjct: 146 PGDWVIQNGANSAVGQAVIQLA-KLLGIKTINVVRDRPDLEELKERLKALGADHVLT 201
>gnl|CDD|176209 cd08247, AST1_like, AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein associated with
the periplasmic membrane in yeast. This group contains
members identified in targeting of yeast membrane
proteins ATPase. AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein
associated with the periplasmic membrane in yeast,
identified as a multicopy suppressor of pma1 mutants
which cause temperature sensitive growth arrest due to
the inability of ATPase to target to the cell surface.
This family is homologous to the medium chain family of
dehydrogenases and reductases. Medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 352
Score = 59.6 bits (145), Expect = 3e-10
Identities = 53/209 (25%), Positives = 84/209 (40%), Gaps = 24/209 (11%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N DL LYN G ++SG +++V + +VGD+V +
Sbjct: 40 LNPVDLKLYNSYTFHFKVKEKGLGRDYSGVIVKVGS---------NVASEWKVGDEVCGI 90
Query: 109 NKELLHG---FSDQCVVHTNDVFK----IPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLK 160
G S +V K PE ++ E AA+ TA QI+ KL
Sbjct: 91 YPHPYGGQGTLSQYLLVDPKKDKKSITRKPENISLEEAAAWPLVLGTAYQILEDLGQKLG 150
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA--WAALTFTNE 217
VLV +G A+ +A Y V+G C+S +L ++ GA + +
Sbjct: 151 PDSKVLVLGGSTSVGRFAIQLAKNHYNIGTVVGTCSSRS-AELNKKLGADHFIDYDAHSG 209
Query: 218 KSLVNKVLE--VSGGKYANVVFEAVGGED 244
L+ VLE GK+ +++ + VGG D
Sbjct: 210 VKLLKPVLENVKGQGKF-DLILDCVGGYD 237
>gnl|CDD|176230 cd08269, Zn_ADH9, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 312
Score = 59.3 bits (144), Expect = 4e-10
Identities = 52/203 (25%), Positives = 85/203 (41%), Gaps = 20/203 (9%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYN--GSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL 106
+ SDL +N P P PG E G V+ + L VGD+V
Sbjct: 31 VCGSDLPAFNQGRPWFVYPAEPGGPGHEGWGRVVALGPGVRG----------LAVGDRVA 80
Query: 107 ALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVL 166
L+ F++ + + +P + A + A VF R ++ +TV
Sbjct: 81 GLSG---GAFAEYDLADADHAVPLPSL--LDGQAFPGEPLGCALNVF-RRGWIRAGKTVA 134
Query: 167 VTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLE 226
V AG +GL + +A +VI + + L R+ GA + + +++V +V E
Sbjct: 135 VIGAGF-IGLLFLQLAAAAGARRVIAIDRRPARLALARELGA-TEVVTDDSEAIVERVRE 192
Query: 227 VSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLI 249
++GG A+VV EAVG + DL
Sbjct: 193 LTGGAGADVVIEAVGHQWPLDLA 215
>gnl|CDD|188164 TIGR01751, crot-CoA-red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. The enzyme
modelled by This model is responsible for the conversion
of crotonyl-CoA reductase to butyryl-CoA. In serine
cycle methylotrophic bacteria this enzyme is involved in
the process of acetyl-CoA to glyoxylate. In other
bacteria the enzyme is used to produce butyrate for
incorporation into polyketides such as tylosin from
Streptomyces fradiae and coronatine from Pseudomonas
syringae.
Length = 398
Score = 59.4 bits (144), Expect = 4e-10
Identities = 53/252 (21%), Positives = 95/252 (37%), Gaps = 45/252 (17%)
Query: 63 AKPTLPL-VPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKS----------SSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKE 111
K LP + G + SG V V + S + D + GD +L+ +
Sbjct: 72 GKLDLPFHIIGSDASGVVWRVGPGVTRWKVGDEVVASCLQVDLTAPDGRDGDPMLSSEQR 131
Query: 112 L------LHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA--QIVFSRHAKLKEKQ 163
+ F++ +V + P+ +T+E AA + +TA Q+V A +K
Sbjct: 132 IWGYETNFGSFAEFALVKDYQLMPKPKHLTWEEAACPGLTGATAYRQLVGWNPAAVKPGD 191
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNK 223
VL+ A GGLG A + + + V +S +K + R GA A + +
Sbjct: 192 NVLIWGAAGGLGSYATQL-ARAGGGNPVAVVSSPEKAEYCRSLGAEAVIDRNDFGHW--- 247
Query: 224 VLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVF 283
G+ + +A W + K ++ E++GG+ ++VF
Sbjct: 248 ------GRLPDHNTQAP------------KEWT----KSFKRFGKRIRELTGGEDPDIVF 285
Query: 284 EAVGGEVFKAAM 295
E G F ++
Sbjct: 286 EHPGRATFPTSV 297
>gnl|CDD|234026 TIGR02823, oxido_YhdH, putative quinone oxidoreductase, YhdH/YhfP
family. This model represents a subfamily of pfam00107
as defined by Pfam, a superfamily in which some members
are zinc-binding medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases
while others are quinone oxidoreductases with no bound
zinc. This subfamily includes proteins studied
crystallographically for insight into function: YhdH
from Escherichia coli and YhfP from Bacillus subtilis.
Members bind NADPH or NAD, but not zinc [Unknown
function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 323
Score = 58.7 bits (143), Expect = 5e-10
Identities = 54/203 (26%), Positives = 92/203 (45%), Gaps = 26/203 (12%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N D L G G + P++PG + +GTV+ D + + GD+V+
Sbjct: 38 LNYKDALAITGKGGVVRSYPMIPGIDAAGTVVSSEDPR------------FREGDEVIVT 85
Query: 109 NKEL--LH--GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQI-VF--SRHAKLKE 161
L H G+S V + + +PE ++ A +L + TA + V R+ E
Sbjct: 86 GYGLGVSHDGGYSQYARVPADWLVPLPEGLSLREAMALGTAGFTAALSVMALERNGLTPE 145
Query: 162 KQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKI-YKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSL 220
VLVT A GG+G AV + +K+ Y +V+ ++ D +++ GA + + + S
Sbjct: 146 DGPVLVTGATGGVGSLAVAILSKLGY--EVVASTGKAEEEDYLKELGA-SEVIDREDLSP 202
Query: 221 VNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
K LE ++A V + VGG
Sbjct: 203 PGKPLE--KERWAGAV-DTVGGH 222
>gnl|CDD|176240 cd08279, Zn_ADH_class_III, Class III alcohol dehydrogenase.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs,
Class III ADH) are members of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. Class III ADH are also known as
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH),
which convert aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid
and alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 363
Score = 59.1 bits (144), Expect = 6e-10
Identities = 64/255 (25%), Positives = 97/255 (38%), Gaps = 70/255 (27%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL----- 106
SDL + G D LP V G E +G V EV + ++ GD V+
Sbjct: 40 SDLHVVTG--DLPAPLPAVLGHEGAGVVEEVGPGVTG----------VKPGDHVVLSWIP 87
Query: 107 ----------------ALNKELLHG------------------------FSDQCVVHTND 126
L +L G F++ VV
Sbjct: 88 ACGTCRYCSRGQPNLCDLGAGILGGQLPDGTRRFTADGEPVGAMCGLGTFAEYTVVPEAS 147
Query: 127 VFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYST---AQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMAT 183
V KI + + + AA L +T A V + A+++ TV V GG+GL A+ A
Sbjct: 148 VVKIDDDIPLDRAALLGCGVTTGVGA--VVNT-ARVRPGDTVAVIGC-GGVGLNAIQGAR 203
Query: 184 KIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+++I V +K +L R+ GA + +E V V +++ G+ A+ FEAVG
Sbjct: 204 IAGASRIIAVDPVPEKLELARRFGATHTVN-ASEDDAVEAVRDLTDGRGADYAFEAVG-- 260
Query: 244 DKTDLIRQKGAWAAL 258
+ IRQ A A
Sbjct: 261 -RAATIRQ--ALAMT 272
>gnl|CDD|176190 cd05288, PGDH, Prostaglandin dehydrogenases. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 58.3 bits (142), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 48/193 (24%), Positives = 81/193 (41%), Gaps = 32/193 (16%)
Query: 62 DAKPTLPLVPGFE--FSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQ 119
DAK P V E G V EV +++S +VGD V G+ +
Sbjct: 54 DAKSYSPPVQLGEPMRGGGVGEVVESRSPD---------FKVGDLVSGF-----LGWQEY 99
Query: 120 CVVH-TNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYS-------TAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAG 171
VV + + K+ L+ TA + K K +TV+V+AA
Sbjct: 100 AVVDGASGLRKLDP----SLGLPLSAYLGVLGMTGLTAYFGLTEIGKPKPGETVVVSAAA 155
Query: 172 GGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQK-GAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGG 230
G +G +A K+ A+V+G+ S++K + ++ G AA+ + + + L+ +
Sbjct: 156 GAVGSVVGQIA-KLLGARVVGIAGSDEKCRWLVEELGFDAAINYKTPD--LAEALKEAAP 212
Query: 231 KYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+V F+ VGGE
Sbjct: 213 DGIDVYFDNVGGE 225
>gnl|CDD|176201 cd08239, THR_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase (TDH)-like.
MDR/AHD-like proteins, including a protein annotated as
a threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via
NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Zinc-dependent ADHs are medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase type proteins (MDRs) and have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. In addition to alcohol
dehydrogenases, this group includes quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and
numerous others. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 56.6 bits (137), Expect = 3e-09
Identities = 51/218 (23%), Positives = 85/218 (38%), Gaps = 40/218 (18%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV------ 105
SDL Y A ++PG E +G V+ V +VGD+V
Sbjct: 39 SDLHYYYHGHRAPAYQGVIPGHEPAGVVVAVG----------PGVTHFRVGDRVMVYHYV 88
Query: 106 --------------LALNKELLHGFS------DQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADS 145
L +K +G++ + +V + +P+ ++F A L
Sbjct: 89 GCGACRNCRRGWMQLCTSKRAAYGWNRDGGHAEYMLVPEKTLIPLPDDLSFADGALLLCG 148
Query: 146 YSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQ 205
TA R + + TVLV A G +GL A+ +A + VIGV S ++ +L +
Sbjct: 149 IGTAYHALRR-VGVSGRDTVLVVGA-GPVGLGALMLARALGAEDVIGVDPSPERLELAKA 206
Query: 206 KGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
GA + + V ++ E++ G A+V E G
Sbjct: 207 LGADF--VINSGQDDVQEIRELTSGAGADVAIECSGNT 242
>gnl|CDD|176188 cd05285, sorbitol_DH, Sorbitol dehydrogenase. Sorbitol and aldose
reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol
pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose.
Sorbitol dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single
catalytic zinc per subunit. Aldose reductase catalyzes
the NADP(H)-dependent conversion of glucose to sorbital,
and SDH uses NAD(H) in the conversion of sorbitol to
fructose. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 343
Score = 56.3 bits (137), Expect = 4e-09
Identities = 58/231 (25%), Positives = 87/231 (37%), Gaps = 51/231 (22%)
Query: 47 TRINSSDLLLYN--GSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVG 102
I SD+ Y GD P+V G E +GTV+ V V L+VG
Sbjct: 32 VGICGSDVHYYKHGRIGDFVVKEPMVLGHESAGTVVAVG------------SGVTHLKVG 79
Query: 103 DKVLALNKELLHGFSDQC--------------------------VVHTND-VFKIPEKMT 135
D+V A+ + + C V H D K+P+ ++
Sbjct: 80 DRV-AIEPGVPCRTCEFCKSGRYNLCPDMRFAATPPVDGTLCRYVNHPADFCHKLPDNVS 138
Query: 136 FEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVC 194
E A L + S + R A ++ TVLV AG +GL K + A KV+
Sbjct: 139 LEEGA-LVEPLSVG-VHACRRAGVRPGDTVLVFGAGP-IGLLTA-AVAKAFGATKVVVTD 194
Query: 195 NSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKS--LVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+ + ++ GA + E + K+ E+ GGK +VV E G E
Sbjct: 195 IDPSRLEFAKELGATHTVNVRTEDTPESAEKIAELLGGKGPDVVIECTGAE 245
>gnl|CDD|176218 cd08256, Zn_ADH2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group has the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 350
Score = 55.9 bits (135), Expect = 6e-09
Identities = 65/247 (26%), Positives = 105/247 (42%), Gaps = 56/247 (22%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGS----GDA------KPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV 98
I + D+ Y+G+ GD KP P++PG EF G V+E+ E EE
Sbjct: 36 ICAGDIKCYHGAPSFWGDENQPPYVKP--PMIPGHEFVGRVVELG--------EGAEERG 85
Query: 99 LQVGDKVLA-------------------LNKELLHGFSD-------QCVVHTND--VFKI 130
++VGD+V++ K L+GF + + + + V K+
Sbjct: 86 VKVGDRVISEQIVPCWNCRFCNRGQYWMCQKHDLYGFQNNVNGGMAEYMRFPKEAIVHKV 145
Query: 131 PEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKV 190
P+ + E A L + + A R A +K V V A G LGL + A K+
Sbjct: 146 PDDIPPEDAI-LIEPLACALHAVDR-ANIKFDDVV-VLAGAGPLGLGMIGAARLKNPKKL 202
Query: 191 IGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGG----EDKT 246
I + +++ L R+ GA L E +V K+ E++GG ++ EA G E
Sbjct: 203 IVLDLKDERLALARKFGADVVLNPP-EVDVVEKIKELTGGYGCDIYIEATGHPSAVEQGL 261
Query: 247 DLIRQKG 253
++IR+ G
Sbjct: 262 NMIRKLG 268
Score = 30.1 bits (68), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 15/51 (29%), Positives = 27/51 (52%), Gaps = 12/51 (23%)
Query: 3 IDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGS----GDA------KPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIEK 43
+ ++ C + + D+ Y+G+ GD KP P++PG EF G ++E
Sbjct: 29 VKVEACGICAGDIKCYHGAPSFWGDENQPPYVKP--PMIPGHEFVGRVVEL 77
>gnl|CDD|176217 cd08255, 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl_bacteriochlorophyllide_like,
2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide and
other MDR family members. This subgroup of the medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family has members identified
as 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide A
dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 277
Score = 55.4 bits (134), Expect = 6e-09
Identities = 45/175 (25%), Positives = 70/175 (40%), Gaps = 26/175 (14%)
Query: 61 GDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQC 120
G K LPL PG+ G V+EV + + GD+V +++
Sbjct: 14 GTEKLPLPLPPGYSSVGRVVEVGSGVTG----------FKPGDRVFC-----FGPHAERV 58
Query: 121 VVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGL-GLAA 178
VV N + +P+ + E AA L +TA V R A+ + + V V G GL GL A
Sbjct: 59 VVPANLLVPLPDGLPPERAA-LTALAATALNGV--RDAEPRLGERVAVV--GLGLVGLLA 113
Query: 179 VDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNK----VLEVSG 229
+A +V+GV + +L G + + + V+E SG
Sbjct: 114 AQLAKAAGAREVVGVDPDAARRELAEALGPADPVAADTADEIGGRGADVVIEASG 168
>gnl|CDD|176244 cd08284, FDH_like_2, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 2.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs)
are members of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)
is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD
to formate and NADH. The initial step in this process
the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation (and
detoxification) of the adduct to S-formylglutathione.
These tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that resides
between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 344
Score = 55.7 bits (135), Expect = 7e-09
Identities = 60/230 (26%), Positives = 91/230 (39%), Gaps = 51/230 (22%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA---- 107
SDL +Y G T V G EF G V+EV E L+VGD+V++
Sbjct: 40 SDLHIYRGHI--PSTPGFVLGHEFVGEVVEVGP----------EVRTLKVGDRVVSPFTI 87
Query: 108 ---------------LNKELLHGFSDQCVV-------------HTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHA 139
K L G++ + K+P+ ++ E A
Sbjct: 88 ACGECFYCRRGQSGRCAKGGLFGYA-GSPNLDGAQAEYVRVPFADGTLLKLPDGLSDEAA 146
Query: 140 ASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVCNSED 198
L D T R A+++ TV V G +GL AV ++ ++ A +V V +
Sbjct: 147 LLLGDILPTGYFGAKR-AQVRPGDTVAVIGCGP-VGLCAV-LSAQVLGAARVFAVDPVPE 203
Query: 199 KTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDL 248
+ + GA + F + V +V E + G+ A+VV EAVGG DL
Sbjct: 204 RLERAAALGA-EPINFEDA-EPVERVREATEGRGADVVLEAVGGAAALDL 251
Score = 30.7 bits (70), Expect = 0.92
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 17/36 (47%), Gaps = 2/36 (5%)
Query: 8 CALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIEK 43
A+ SDL +Y G T V G EF G ++E
Sbjct: 35 AAICGSDLHIYRGHI--PSTPGFVLGHEFVGEVVEV 68
>gnl|CDD|176231 cd08270, MDR4, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 305
Score = 55.1 bits (133), Expect = 9e-09
Identities = 48/174 (27%), Positives = 79/174 (45%), Gaps = 24/174 (13%)
Query: 70 VPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFK 129
VPG++ +G V A S VG +V+ L +++ V T +
Sbjct: 54 VPGWDAAGVVERAAADGSG----------PAVGARVVGLGAM--GAWAELVAVPTGWLAV 101
Query: 130 IPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAK 189
+P+ ++F AA+L + TA R L ++ VLVT A GG+G AV +A + A
Sbjct: 102 LPDGVSFAQAATLPVAGVTALRALRRGGPLLGRR-VLVTGASGGVGRFAVQLA-ALAGAH 159
Query: 190 VIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
V+ V S + + +R+ GA +V E+SG ++V ++VGG
Sbjct: 160 VVAVVGSPARAEGLRELGA---------AEVVVGGSELSGAPV-DLVVDSVGGP 203
>gnl|CDD|223990 COG1062, AdhC, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, class III
[Energy production and conversion].
Length = 366
Score = 54.9 bits (133), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 36/127 (28%), Positives = 58/127 (45%), Gaps = 2/127 (1%)
Query: 115 GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGL 174
F++ VVH + KI E A L +T AK++ TV V GG +
Sbjct: 139 TFAEYTVVHEISLVKIDPDAPLEKACLLGCGVTTGIGAVVNTAKVEPGDTVAVFGLGG-V 197
Query: 175 GLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYAN 234
GLAA+ A ++I V + +K +L ++ GA + +V ++E++ G A+
Sbjct: 198 GLAAIQGAKAAGAGRIIAVDINPEKLELAKKFGATHFVNPKEVDDVVEAIVELTDGG-AD 256
Query: 235 VVFEAVG 241
FE VG
Sbjct: 257 YAFECVG 263
>gnl|CDD|176252 cd08292, ETR_like_2, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 2. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 54.6 bits (132), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 52/214 (24%), Positives = 95/214 (44%), Gaps = 17/214 (7%)
Query: 37 SGTIIEKKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEE 96
+G ++ + ++ I++ DL G+ KP LP + G E G V V +
Sbjct: 28 AGEVLVRTTLSPIHNHDLWTIRGTYGYKPELPAIGGSEAVGVVDAVGEGV---------- 77
Query: 97 DVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSR 155
LQVG +V +HG +++ V + + +P+ ++ E AA L +A ++
Sbjct: 78 KGLQVGQRVAVAP---VHGTWAEYFVAPADGLVPLPDGISDEVAAQLIAMPLSA-LMLLD 133
Query: 156 HAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFT 215
+K Q ++ AAGG +G V M VI + + +R G ++ T
Sbjct: 134 FLGVKPGQWLIQNAAGGAVG-KLVAMLAAARGINVINLVRRDAGVAELRALGIGPVVS-T 191
Query: 216 NEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLI 249
+ +KV E +GG +V ++VGG+ +L+
Sbjct: 192 EQPGWQDKVREAAGGAPISVALDSVGGKLAGELL 225
>gnl|CDD|176197 cd08235, iditol_2_DH_like, L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase. Putative
L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase based on annotation of some
members in this subgroup. L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase
catalyzes the NAD+-dependent conversion of L-iditol to
L-sorbose in fructose and mannose metabolism. This
enzyme is related to sorbitol dehydrogenase, alcohol
dehydrogenase, and other medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductases. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn)-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group is
also called the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
family (MDR) to highlight its broad range of activities
and to distinguish from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic
domain. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability. ADH-like
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
The active site zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two
cysteines, and a water molecule. The second zinc seems
to play a structural role, affects subunit interactions,
and is typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 343
Score = 54.1 bits (131), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 61/228 (26%), Positives = 89/228 (39%), Gaps = 55/228 (24%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
I +D+ G G P + G E +G ++EV D +VGD+V
Sbjct: 36 ICGTDVKKIRG-GHTDLKPPRILGHEIAGEIVEVGD----------GVTGFKVGDRVFVA 84
Query: 109 NK-------ELLHGFSDQC------------------------VVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFE 137
L G + C V V K+P+ ++FE
Sbjct: 85 PHVPCGECHYCLRGNENMCPNYKKFGNLYDGGFAEYVRVPAWAVKRGG-VLKLPDNVSFE 143
Query: 138 HAASLADSYST---AQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGV 193
AA L + + AQ R A +K TVLV A G +GL +A K A KVI
Sbjct: 144 EAA-LVEPLACCINAQ----RKAGIKPGDTVLVIGA-GPIGLLHAMLA-KASGARKVIVS 196
Query: 194 CNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+E + + ++ GA + E LV KV E++ G+ A+VV A G
Sbjct: 197 DLNEFRLEFAKKLGADYTIDAAEE-DLVEKVRELTDGRGADVVIVATG 243
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 11/42 (26%), Positives = 20/42 (47%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V + ++ C + +D+ G G P + G E +G I+E
Sbjct: 27 VLVKVRACGICGTDVKKIRG-GHTDLKPPRILGHEIAGEIVE 67
>gnl|CDD|215721 pfam00107, ADH_zinc_N, Zinc-binding dehydrogenase.
Length = 131
Score = 51.5 bits (124), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 27/72 (37%), Positives = 44/72 (61%), Gaps = 1/72 (1%)
Query: 173 GLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKY 232
G+GLAAV +A + A+VI V SE+K +L ++ GA + + +E V +V E++GG+
Sbjct: 1 GVGLAAVQLAKALGAARVIAVDRSEEKLELAKELGADHVINYRDED-FVERVRELTGGRG 59
Query: 233 ANVVFEAVGGED 244
+VV + VG
Sbjct: 60 VDVVIDCVGAPA 71
>gnl|CDD|176225 cd08264, Zn_ADH_like2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the medium chain dehydrogenase family.
However, this subgroup does not contain the
characteristic catalytic zinc site. Also, it contains an
atypical structural zinc-binding pattern:
DxxCxxCxxxxxxxC. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 53.9 bits (130), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 63/232 (27%), Positives = 100/232 (43%), Gaps = 50/232 (21%)
Query: 37 SGTIIEKKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEE 96
G ++ + M +N D + N + KP +P +PG EF+G V EV D
Sbjct: 26 PGEVLIRVKMAGVNPVDYNVIN-AVKVKP-MPHIPGAEFAGVVEEVGDHVKG-------- 75
Query: 97 DVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQC--------------------------VVHTNDVFKI 130
++ GD+V+ N+ + G D C VV ++FKI
Sbjct: 76 --VKKGDRVVVYNR-VFDGTCDMCLSGNEMLCRNGGIIGVVSNGGYAEYIVVPEKNLFKI 132
Query: 131 PEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKV 190
P+ ++ E AASL + TA A L +TV+V A G G+ AV +A K+ A+V
Sbjct: 133 PDSISDELAASLPVAALTAYHALKT-AGLGPGETVVVFGASGNTGIFAVQLA-KMMGAEV 190
Query: 191 IGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGG 242
I V + +++ GA + + + KV E K A+VV ++G
Sbjct: 191 IAVSRKDW----LKEFGADEVVDYDE---VEEKVKE--ITKMADVVINSLGS 233
>gnl|CDD|176243 cd08283, FDH_like_1, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 1. Members
identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate
and NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 386
Score = 54.1 bits (131), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 32/117 (27%), Positives = 54/117 (46%), Gaps = 4/117 (3%)
Query: 128 FKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIY 186
FKIP+ ++ E A L+D T A++K TV V G +GL A A +
Sbjct: 152 FKIPDDLSDEKALFLSDILPTGYHAA--ELAEVKPGDTVAVWGCGP-VGLFAARSAKLLG 208
Query: 187 KAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+VI + ++ ++ R + F +V + E++GG+ +V +AVG E
Sbjct: 209 AERVIAIDRVPERLEMARSHLGAETINFEEVDDVVEALRELTGGRGPDVCIDAVGME 265
>gnl|CDD|176237 cd08276, MDR7, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 336
Score = 53.3 bits (129), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 54/212 (25%), Positives = 88/212 (41%), Gaps = 35/212 (16%)
Query: 53 DLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVLAL-- 108
DLL+ NG PL+P + +G V+ V E V +VGD+V+
Sbjct: 43 DLLILNGRYPPPVKDPLIPLSDGAGEVVAV------------GEGVTRFKVGDRVVPTFF 90
Query: 109 ---------NKEL-------LHGFSDQCVV-HTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQI 151
++ + G + VV + + P+ ++FE AA+L + TA
Sbjct: 91 PNWLDGPPTAEDEASALGGPIDGVLAEYVVLPEEGLVRAPDHLSFEEAATLPCAGLTAWN 150
Query: 152 VFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAA 211
LK TVLV GG L A+ A K A+VI +S++K + + GA
Sbjct: 151 ALFGLGPLKPGDTVLVQGTGGV-SLFALQFA-KAAGARVIATSSSDEKLERAKALGADHV 208
Query: 212 LTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGE 243
+ + +VL+++GG+ + V E G
Sbjct: 209 INYRTTPDWGEEVLKLTGGRGVDHVVEVGGPG 240
>gnl|CDD|225041 COG2130, COG2130, Putative NADP-dependent oxidoreductases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 340
Score = 51.5 bits (124), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 38/184 (20%), Positives = 69/184 (37%), Gaps = 29/184 (15%)
Query: 68 PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDV 127
P+ G G + Q GD V+ + G+ + + +
Sbjct: 68 PVELGEVMVGGTVAKV--------VASNHPGFQPGDIVVGV-----SGWQEYAISDGEGL 114
Query: 128 FKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYS-------TAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVD 180
K+ A L+ TA + K +TV+V+AA G +G
Sbjct: 115 RKLDP-----SPAPLSAYLGVLGMPGLTAYFGLLDIGQPKAGETVVVSAAAGAVGSVVGQ 169
Query: 181 MATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAW-AALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEA 239
+A K+ +V+G+ +K D + ++ + A + + E + L+ + K +V FE
Sbjct: 170 IA-KLKGCRVVGIAGGAEKCDFLTEELGFDAGIDYKAED--FAQALKEACPKGIDVYFEN 226
Query: 240 VGGE 243
VGGE
Sbjct: 227 VGGE 230
>gnl|CDD|176248 cd08288, MDR_yhdh, Yhdh putative quinone oxidoreductases. Yhdh
putative quinone oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 324
Score = 51.0 bits (123), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 48/169 (28%), Positives = 77/169 (45%), Gaps = 24/169 (14%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL 108
+N D L G G T PLVPG + +GTV+E SSS + GD+V+ L
Sbjct: 39 LNYKDGLAITGKGGIVRTFPLVPGIDLAGTVVE-----SSSPR-------FKPGDRVV-L 85
Query: 109 N----KELLHG-FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQI-VFS--RHAKLK 160
E G ++ + V + + +PE ++ A ++ + TA + V + H
Sbjct: 86 TGWGVGERHWGGYAQRARVKADWLVPLPEGLSARQAMAIGTAGFTAMLCVMALEDHGVTP 145
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKI-YKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
VLVT A GG+G AV + ++ Y +V+ ++ D +R GA
Sbjct: 146 GDGPVLVTGAAGGVGSVAVALLARLGY--EVVASTGRPEEADYLRSLGA 192
>gnl|CDD|176249 cd08289, MDR_yhfp_like, Yhfp putative quinone oxidoreductases.
yhfp putative quinone oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 326
Score = 51.2 bits (123), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 42/149 (28%), Positives = 70/149 (46%), Gaps = 22/149 (14%)
Query: 68 PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKEL--LH--GFSDQCVVH 123
P +PG + +GTV+E D + + GD+V+ + +L H G+S+ V
Sbjct: 58 PFIPGIDLAGTVVESNDPR------------FKPGDEVIVTSYDLGVSHHGGYSEYARVP 105
Query: 124 TNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSR---HAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVD 180
V +P+ +T + A L + TA + R + E+ VLVT A GG+G AV
Sbjct: 106 AEWVVPLPKGLTLKEAMILGTAGFTAALSIHRLEENGLTPEQGPVLVTGATGGVGSLAVS 165
Query: 181 MATKI-YKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
+ K+ Y +V+ D D +++ GA
Sbjct: 166 ILAKLGY--EVVASTGKADAADYLKKLGA 192
>gnl|CDD|176208 cd08246, crotonyl_coA_red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. Crotonyl-CoA
reductase, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent conversion of crotonyl-CoA to
butyryl-CoA, a step in (2S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
production for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.
Like enoyl reductase, another enzyme in fatty acid
synthesis, crotonyl-CoA reductase is a member of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 393
Score = 50.5 bits (121), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 35/151 (23%), Positives = 61/151 (40%), Gaps = 25/151 (16%)
Query: 115 GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA--QIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGG 172
F+ +V + P+ +++E AA+ +TA + +K VL+ A G
Sbjct: 145 SFAQFALVQATQLMPKPKHLSWEEAAAYMLVGATAYRMLFGWNPNTVKPGDNVLIWGASG 204
Query: 173 GLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA-----------WAALTFTNE---- 217
GLG A+ +A + A + V +SE+K + R GA W L N
Sbjct: 205 GLGSMAIQLA-RAAGANPVAVVSSEEKAEYCRALGAEGVINRRDFDHWGVLPDVNSEAYT 263
Query: 218 ------KSLVNKVLEVSGGKYA-NVVFEAVG 241
+ + ++ GG+ ++VFE G
Sbjct: 264 AWTKEARRFGKAIWDILGGREDPDIVFEHPG 294
>gnl|CDD|176241 cd08281, liver_ADH_like1, Zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH) and class III ADG (AKA formaldehyde
dehydrogenase). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. This group contains members
identified as zinc dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH), and class III ADG (aka formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, FDH). Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
Class III ADH are also know as glutathione-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), which convert
aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acid and
alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 371
Score = 50.5 bits (121), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 61/237 (25%), Positives = 94/237 (39%), Gaps = 63/237 (26%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKP-TLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL-- 108
SDL + NG +P LP+ G E +G V+EV + T+ L+VGD V+ +
Sbjct: 48 SDLSVINGD---RPRPLPMALGHEAAGVVVEVGE---GVTD-------LEVGDHVVLVFV 94
Query: 109 -------------------------NKELLHG-------------------FSDQCVVHT 124
LL G F++ VV
Sbjct: 95 PSCGHCRPCAEGRPALCEPGAAANGAGTLLSGGRRLRLRGGEINHHLGVSAFAEYAVVSR 154
Query: 125 NDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATK 184
V KI + + E AA + T A ++ Q+V V GG +GL+A+ A
Sbjct: 155 RSVVKIDKDVPLEIAALFGCAVLTGVGAVVNTAGVRPGQSVAVVGLGG-VGLSALLGAVA 213
Query: 185 IYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
++V+ V +EDK L R+ GA A + + + V +V E++GG + FE G
Sbjct: 214 AGASQVVAVDLNEDKLALARELGATATVNAGDP-NAVEQVRELTGGG-VDYAFEMAG 268
>gnl|CDD|176186 cd05283, CAD1, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step of
monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD binds 2
zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family members
are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in yeast where
they have an aldehyde reductase activity. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion
of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc
has a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 49.4 bits (119), Expect = 8e-07
Identities = 54/200 (27%), Positives = 70/200 (35%), Gaps = 67/200 (33%)
Query: 52 SDLL-LYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKV--- 105
SDL L N G K PLVPG E G V+ V V +VGD+V
Sbjct: 39 SDLHTLRNEWGPTK--YPLVPGHEIVGIVVAV------------GSKVTKFKVGDRVGVG 84
Query: 106 ------------------LALNKELLH------------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMT 135
+ + G++D VV VFKIPE +
Sbjct: 85 CQVDSCGTCEQCKSGEEQYCPKGVVTYNGKYPDGTITQGGYADHIVVDERFVFKIPEGLD 144
Query: 136 FEHAASLADSYSTAQI-VFS--RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAG-GGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA--- 188
AA L A I V+S + + + V V G GGLG +A K KA
Sbjct: 145 SAAAAPL----LCAGITVYSPLKRNGVGPGKRVGV--VGIGGLG----HLAVKFAKALGA 194
Query: 189 KVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
+V S K + + GA
Sbjct: 195 EVTAFSRSPSKKEDALKLGA 214
Score = 32.5 bits (75), Expect = 0.25
Identities = 18/43 (41%), Positives = 21/43 (48%), Gaps = 3/43 (6%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDL-LLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I I C + SDL L N G K PLVPG E G ++
Sbjct: 27 VDIKITYCGVCHSDLHTLRNEWGPTK--YPLVPGHEIVGIVVA 67
>gnl|CDD|176202 cd08240, 6_hydroxyhexanoate_dh_like, 6-hydroxyhexanoate
dehydrogenase. 6-hydroxyhexanoate dehydrogenase, an
enzyme of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family of medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases
catalyzes the conversion of 6-hydroxyhexanoate and
NAD(+) to 6-oxohexanoate + NADH and H+.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains, at the active site, and coenzyme binding
induces a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme
binding typically precedes and contributes to substrate
binding. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine, the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 350
Score = 47.6 bits (114), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 49/200 (24%), Positives = 78/200 (39%), Gaps = 37/200 (18%)
Query: 62 DAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL------------- 108
D LPLV G E G V+ V D DV +VGDKVL
Sbjct: 61 DRGVKLPLVLGHEIVGEVVAVGP---------DAADV-KVGDKVLVYPWIGCGECPVCLA 110
Query: 109 --------NKELL----HGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRH 156
+ L G+++ +V + P + AA+LA S TA +
Sbjct: 111 GDENLCAKGRALGIFQDGGYAEYVIVPHSRYLVDPGGLDPALAATLACSGLTAYSAVKKL 170
Query: 157 AKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTN 216
L + V++ AGG LGL A+ + + A +I V E K + + GA + +
Sbjct: 171 MPLVADEPVVIIGAGG-LGLMALALLKALGPANIIVVDIDEAKLEAAKAAGADVVVN-GS 228
Query: 217 EKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVV 236
+ ++++ +GG V+
Sbjct: 229 DPDAAKRIIKAAGGGVDAVI 248
>gnl|CDD|219758 pfam08240, ADH_N, Alcohol dehydrogenase GroES-like domain. This
is the catalytic domain of alcohol dehydrogenases. Many
of them contain an inserted zinc binding domain. This
domain has a GroES-like structure.
Length = 108
Score = 44.5 bits (106), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 13/42 (30%), Positives = 21/42 (50%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V + ++ + SDL +Y G LPL+ G E +G + E
Sbjct: 4 VLVRVKAAGICGSDLHIYRG-EPPPVKLPLILGHEGAGIVEE 44
Score = 43.8 bits (104), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 20/59 (33%), Positives = 26/59 (44%), Gaps = 11/59 (18%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA 107
I SDL +Y G LPL+ G E +G V EV L+VGD+V+
Sbjct: 13 ICGSDLHIYRG-EPPPVKLPLILGHEGAGIVEEV----------GPGVTGLKVGDRVVV 60
>gnl|CDD|176245 cd08285, NADP_ADH, NADP(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. This
group is predominated by atypical alcohol
dehydrogenases; they exist as tetramers and exhibit
specificity for NADP(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like other zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH)
of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase
family (MDR), tetrameric ADHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains;
however, they do not have and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 47.2 bits (113), Expect = 4e-06
Identities = 39/129 (30%), Positives = 63/129 (48%), Gaps = 11/129 (8%)
Query: 122 VHTND----VFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFS--RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG 175
H ND + +P+ +T E A L D ST F A +K TV V G +G
Sbjct: 124 FHVNDADANLAPLPDGLTDEQAVMLPDMMSTG---FHGAELANIKLGDTVAVFGIGP-VG 179
Query: 176 LAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANV 235
L AV A ++I V + ++ +L ++ GA + + N +V ++L+++GGK +
Sbjct: 180 LMAVAGARLRGAGRIIAVGSRPNRVELAKEYGATDIVDYKN-GDVVEQILKLTGGKGVDA 238
Query: 236 VFEAVGGED 244
V A GG+D
Sbjct: 239 VIIAGGGQD 247
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 18/58 (31%), Positives = 32/58 (55%), Gaps = 3/58 (5%)
Query: 239 AVGGEDKT-DLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGG-EVFKAA 294
AVG +L ++ GA + + N +V ++L+++GGK + V A GG + F+ A
Sbjct: 196 AVGSRPNRVELAKEYGATDIVDYKN-GDVVEQILKLTGGKGVDAVIIAGGGQDTFEQA 252
>gnl|CDD|176246 cd08286, FDH_like_ADH2, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group is related to formaldehyde dehydrogenase
(FDH), which is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. This family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Another member is identified
as a dihydroxyacetone reductase. Like the zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), tetrameric FDHs
have a catalytic zinc that resides between the catalytic
and NAD(H)binding domains and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. Unlike ADH, where
NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor, NADH in FDH is a tightly
bound redox cofactor (similar to nicotinamide proteins).
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has
a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 46.9 bits (112), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 35/118 (29%), Positives = 61/118 (51%), Gaps = 2/118 (1%)
Query: 124 TNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMAT 183
N ++K+PE + E A L+D T + K+K TV + A G +GLAA+ A
Sbjct: 129 DNSLYKLPEGVDEEAAVMLSDILPTGYECGVLNGKVKPGDTVAIVGA-GPVGLAALLTAQ 187
Query: 184 KIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+K+I V +++ ++ ++ GA + + +VLE++ G+ +VV EAVG
Sbjct: 188 LYSPSKIIMVDLDDNRLEVAKKLGATHTVNSAKG-DAIEQVLELTDGRGVDVVIEAVG 244
>gnl|CDD|131872 TIGR02825, B4_12hDH, leukotriene B4
12-hydroxydehydrogenase/15-oxo-prostaglandin
13-reductase. Leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase is
an NADP-dependent enzyme of arachidonic acid metabolism,
responsible for converting leukotriene B4 to the much
less active metabolite 12-oxo-leukotriene B4. The BRENDA
database lists leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase as
one of the synonyms of 2-alkenal reductase (EC
1.3.1.74), while 1.3.1.48 is 15-oxoprostaglandin
13-reductase.
Length = 325
Score = 45.8 bits (108), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 33/123 (26%), Positives = 55/123 (44%), Gaps = 2/123 (1%)
Query: 160 KEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKS 219
K +TV+V AA G +G + V K+ KV+G S++K +++ G A + KS
Sbjct: 137 KGGETVMVNAAAGAVG-SVVGQIAKLKGCKVVGAAGSDEKVAYLKKLGFDVAFNYKTVKS 195
Query: 220 LVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYA 279
L + + S Y + F+ VGGE +I Q + + S N+ + G
Sbjct: 196 LEETLKKASPDGY-DCYFDNVGGEFSNTVIGQMKKFGRIAICGAISTYNRTGPLPPGPPP 254
Query: 280 NVV 282
+V
Sbjct: 255 EIV 257
>gnl|CDD|129775 TIGR00692, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase. This protein is a
tetrameric, zinc-binding, NAD-dependent enzyme of
threonine catabolism. Closely related proteins include
sorbitol dehydrogenase, xylitol dehydrogenase, and
benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Eukaryotic examples of
this enzyme have been demonstrated experimentally but do
not appear in database search results.E. coli His-90
modulates substrate specificity and is believed part of
the active site [Energy metabolism, Amino acids and
amines].
Length = 340
Score = 44.8 bits (106), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 53/228 (23%), Positives = 92/228 (40%), Gaps = 36/228 (15%)
Query: 38 GTIIEKKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTL--PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDE 95
G ++ K + T I +D+ +YN A+ + P V G E +G V+ +
Sbjct: 24 GEVLIKVLATSICGTDVHIYNWDEWAQSRIKPPQVVGHEVAGEVVGIGPGVEG------- 76
Query: 96 EDVLQVGDKVLALN-------KELLHGFSDQCV------VHTNDVF----KIPEKMTFEH 138
++VGD V G C V T+ F +P + +++
Sbjct: 77 ---IKVGDYVSVETHIVCGKCYACRRGQYHVCQNTKIFGVDTDGCFAEYAVVPAQNIWKN 133
Query: 139 AASLADSYSTAQIVFSR--HAKLKEK---QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGV 193
S+ Y+T Q H L ++VLVT A G +GL A+ +A VI
Sbjct: 134 PKSIPPEYATIQEPLGNAVHTVLAGPISGKSVLVTGA-GPIGLMAIAVAKASGAYPVIVS 192
Query: 194 CNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+E + +L ++ GA + E +V +V +++ G+ +V E G
Sbjct: 193 DPNEYRLELAKKMGATYVVNPFKE-DVVKEVADLTDGEGVDVFLEMSG 239
>gnl|CDD|176223 cd08262, Zn_ADH8, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 43.8 bits (104), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 43/203 (21%), Positives = 74/203 (36%), Gaps = 35/203 (17%)
Query: 59 GSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLAL---------- 108
G +V G EF G V++ TE L+VG +V +L
Sbjct: 55 GPSLMDLGADIVLGHEFCGEVVDYG----PGTERK-----LKVGTRVTSLPLLLCGQGAS 105
Query: 109 -----NKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAA---SLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLK 160
+ E G+++ ++ + ++P+ ++ E AA LA R A+L
Sbjct: 106 CGIGLSPEAPGGYAEYMLLSEALLLRVPDGLSMEDAALTEPLAVGLHAV-----RRARLT 160
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEK-- 218
+ LV G +GLA + ++ S ++ L GA + +
Sbjct: 161 PGEVALVIGC-GPIGLAVIAALKARGVGPIVASDFSPERRALALAMGADIVVDPAADSPF 219
Query: 219 SLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ L +GG V+FE VG
Sbjct: 220 AAWAAELARAGGPKPAVIFECVG 242
>gnl|CDD|176226 cd08265, Zn_ADH3, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
and has the catalytic and structural zinc-binding sites
characteristic of this group. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines. Other MDR members have only a catalytic zinc,
and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 384
Score = 43.7 bits (103), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 52/207 (25%), Positives = 84/207 (40%), Gaps = 31/207 (14%)
Query: 67 LPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADT--KSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGD---------------KVLALN 109
P+V G EFSG V + + E+++ G K L +
Sbjct: 87 FPVVIGHEFSGVVEKTGKNVKNFEKGDPVTAEEMMWCGMCRACRSGSPNHCKNLKELGFS 146
Query: 110 KELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKI-------PEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSRHAKLKE 161
+ F++ V+ ++I E FE A +L + S A +F R +
Sbjct: 147 AD--GAFAEYIAVNARYAWEINELREIYSEDKAFE-AGALVEPTSVAYNGLFIRGGGFRP 203
Query: 162 KQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEK--S 219
V+V AG +GLAA+ +A +KVI SE++ +L ++ GA T +
Sbjct: 204 GAYVVVYGAGP-IGLAAIALAKAAGASKVIAFEISEERRNLAKEMGADYVFNPTKMRDCL 262
Query: 220 LVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKT 246
KV+EV+ G A++ EA G T
Sbjct: 263 SGEKVMEVTKGWGADIQVEAAGAPPAT 289
>gnl|CDD|176182 cd05279, Zn_ADH1, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase and related
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48), then the alcohol, which allows the transfer of
a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 43.2 bits (102), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 37/145 (25%), Positives = 62/145 (42%), Gaps = 10/145 (6%)
Query: 116 FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG 175
F++ VV + KI E + +ST AK+ T V GG +G
Sbjct: 138 FAEYTVVSEISLAKIDPDAPLEKVCLIGCGFSTGYGAAVNTAKVTPGSTCAVFGLGG-VG 196
Query: 176 LAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALT-FTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYA 233
L+ + M K A ++I V ++DK + +Q GA + +K +V + E++ G
Sbjct: 197 LSVI-MGCKAAGASRIIAVDINKDKFEKAKQLGATECINPRDQDKPIVEVLTEMTDGG-V 254
Query: 234 NVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQKGAWAAL 258
+ FE +G D ++Q A A
Sbjct: 255 DYAFEVIG---SADTLKQ--ALDAT 274
>gnl|CDD|181842 PRK09422, PRK09422, ethanol-active
dehydrogenase/acetaldehyde-active reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 338
Score = 43.1 bits (102), Expect = 9e-05
Identities = 35/126 (27%), Positives = 63/126 (50%), Gaps = 10/126 (7%)
Query: 115 GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLA----DSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAA 170
G ++QC+V + K+PE + A+S+ +Y ++ + +K Q + + A
Sbjct: 117 GMAEQCIVTADYAVKVPEGLDPAQASSITCAGVTTYKAIKV-----SGIKPGQWIAIYGA 171
Query: 171 GGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGG 230
GG LG A+ A ++ AKVI V ++DK L ++ GA + + + + E +GG
Sbjct: 172 GG-LGNLALQYAKNVFNAKVIAVDINDDKLALAKEVGADLTINSKRVEDVAKIIQEKTGG 230
Query: 231 KYANVV 236
+A VV
Sbjct: 231 AHAAVV 236
>gnl|CDD|166155 PLN02514, PLN02514, cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 357
Score = 42.1 bits (99), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 48/145 (33%), Positives = 58/145 (40%), Gaps = 30/145 (20%)
Query: 68 PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDD----------------EEDVLQVGDK------- 104
P+VPG E G V+EV S T D + D+ Q +K
Sbjct: 64 PMVPGHEVVGEVVEVGSDVSKFTVGDIVGVGVIVGCCGECSPCKSDLEQYCNKRIWSYND 123
Query: 105 VLALNKELLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQT 164
V K GF+ VV V KIPE M E AA L + T V+S + KQ+
Sbjct: 124 VYTDGKPTQGGFASAMVVDQKFVVKIPEGMAPEQAAPLLCAGVT---VYSPLSHFGLKQS 180
Query: 165 VLVTAAGGGLGLAAV-DMATKIYKA 188
L GG LGL V M KI KA
Sbjct: 181 GL---RGGILGLGGVGHMGVKIAKA 202
>gnl|CDD|176214 cd08252, AL_MDR, Arginate lyase and other MDR family members. This
group contains a structure identified as an arginate
lyase. Other members are identified quinone reductases,
alginate lyases, and other proteins related to the
zinc-dependent dehydrogenases/reductases. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 336
Score = 41.7 bits (99), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 40/167 (23%), Positives = 66/167 (39%), Gaps = 40/167 (23%)
Query: 60 SGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVGDKVLAL--------N 109
G P P + G++ SG V V +V +VGD+V N
Sbjct: 52 GGAPVPGQPKILGWDASGVVEAVGS------------EVTLFKVGDEVYYAGDITRPGSN 99
Query: 110 KELLHGFSDQCVVHTND---VFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSR----HAKLKE 161
E Q V D V P+ ++F AA+L + TA + +F R E
Sbjct: 100 AEY------QLV----DERIVGHKPKSLSFAEAAALPLTSLTAWEALFDRLGISEDAENE 149
Query: 162 KQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
+T+L+ GG+G A+ +A ++ VI + + +++ GA
Sbjct: 150 GKTLLIIGGAGGVGSIAIQLAKQLTGLTVIATASRPESIAWVKELGA 196
>gnl|CDD|176238 cd08277, liver_alcohol_DH_like, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48) , then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 41.2 bits (97), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 54/205 (26%), Positives = 74/205 (36%), Gaps = 65/205 (31%)
Query: 44 KMM-TRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQ 100
KM+ T + +D+L G P++ G E +G V V E V L+
Sbjct: 33 KMLATSVCHTDILAIEGF--KATLFPVILGHEGAGIVESVG------------EGVTNLK 78
Query: 101 VGDKVLAL----------------------------------------NKELLH-----G 115
GDKV+ L K++ H
Sbjct: 79 PGDKVIPLFIGQCGECSNCRSGKTNLCQKYRANESGLMPDGTSRFTCKGKKIYHFLGTST 138
Query: 116 FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG 175
FS VV N V KI EH L +ST AK++ TV V G +G
Sbjct: 139 FSQYTVVDENYVAKIDPAAPLEHVCLLGCGFSTGYGAAWNTAKVEPGSTVAVFGL-GAVG 197
Query: 176 LAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVCNSEDK 199
L+A+ M KI A ++IGV +EDK
Sbjct: 198 LSAI-MGAKIAGASRIIGVDINEDK 221
>gnl|CDD|176207 cd08245, CAD, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD) and related
proteins. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD),
members of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes, or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 330
Score = 40.4 bits (95), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 45/198 (22%), Positives = 67/198 (33%), Gaps = 50/198 (25%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV------ 105
+DL G PLVPG E G V+EV +VGD+V
Sbjct: 39 TDLHAAEGDW-GGSKYPLVPGHEIVGEVVEVGAGVEG----------RKVGDRVGVGWLV 87
Query: 106 --------LALNKELL------------HGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADS 145
E L G+++ V +P+ + AA L
Sbjct: 88 GSCGRCEYCRRGLENLCQKAVNTGYTTQGGYAEYMVADAEYTVLLPDGLPLAQAAPL--- 144
Query: 146 YSTAQIVFS--RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA---KVIGVCNSEDKT 200
V+S R A + + V V GGLG +A + +A + + + S DK
Sbjct: 145 LCAGITVYSALRDAGPRPGERVAVLGI-GGLG----HLAVQYARAMGFETVAITRSPDKR 199
Query: 201 DLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEK 218
+L R+ GA + E
Sbjct: 200 ELARKLGADEVVDSGAEL 217
Score = 30.8 bits (70), Expect = 0.78
Identities = 15/42 (35%), Positives = 20/42 (47%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I I+ C + +DL G PLVPG E G ++E
Sbjct: 27 VLIKIEACGVCHTDLHAAEGDW-GGSKYPLVPGHEIVGEVVE 67
>gnl|CDD|176194 cd08232, idonate-5-DH, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase. L-idonate
5-dehydrogenase (L-ido 5-DH ) catalyzes the conversion
of L-lodonate to 5-ketogluconate in the metabolism of
L-Idonate to 6-P-gluconate. In E. coli, this GntII
pathway is a subsidiary pathway to the canonical GntI
system, which also phosphorylates and transports
gluconate. L-ido 5-DH is found in an operon with a
regulator indR, transporter idnT, 5-keto-D-gluconate
5-reductase, and Gnt kinase. L-ido 5-DH is a
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein. The
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group is
also called the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
family (MDR) which displays a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases(~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic
domain. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 39.5 bits (93), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 43/166 (25%), Positives = 59/166 (35%), Gaps = 48/166 (28%)
Query: 49 INSSDLLLYN--GSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL 106
I SDL Y G G + P+V G E SG V V + L G +V
Sbjct: 33 ICGSDLHYYQHGGFGTVRLREPMVLGHEVSGVVEAVGPGVTG----------LAPGQRV- 81
Query: 107 ALN------------KELLH-------------------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMT 135
A+N + GF + VV + +P+ ++
Sbjct: 82 AVNPSRPCGTCDYCRAGRPNLCLNMRFLGSAMRFPHVQGGFREYLVVDASQCVPLPDGLS 141
Query: 136 FEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAG--GGLGLAAV 179
AA LA+ + A +R L K VLVT AG G L +AA
Sbjct: 142 LRRAA-LAEPLAVALHAVNRAGDLAGK-RVLVTGAGPIGALVVAAA 185
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.61
Identities = 14/44 (31%), Positives = 20/44 (45%), Gaps = 2/44 (4%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYN--GSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
VR+ + + SDL Y G G + P+V G E SG +
Sbjct: 24 VRVRVAAGGICGSDLHYYQHGGFGTVRLREPMVLGHEVSGVVEA 67
>gnl|CDD|176239 cd08278, benzyl_alcohol_DH, Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Benzyl
alcohol dehydrogenase is similar to liver alcohol
dehydrogenase, but has some amino acid substitutions
near the active site, which may determine the enzyme's
specificity of oxidizing aromatic substrates. Also
known as aryl-alcohol dehydrogenases, they catalyze the
conversion of an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ to an aromatic
aldehyde + NADH + H+. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 365
Score = 37.9 bits (89), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 53/225 (23%), Positives = 81/225 (36%), Gaps = 66/225 (29%)
Query: 67 LPLVPGFEFSGTVIEV-ADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL------------------- 106
LP V G E +G V V + L+ GD V+
Sbjct: 55 LPAVLGHEGAGVVEAVGSAVTG-----------LKPGDHVVLSFASCGECANCLSGHPAY 103
Query: 107 -----ALN----------------KELLHG-------FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEH 138
LN +HG F+ VVH +V K+ + + E
Sbjct: 104 CENFFPLNFSGRRPDGSTPLSLDDGTPVHGHFFGQSSFATYAVVHERNVVKVDKDVPLEL 163
Query: 139 AASLADSYST-AQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAK-VIGVCNS 196
A L T A V + K + ++ V A G +GLAAV MA KI +I V
Sbjct: 164 LAPLGCGIQTGAGAVLNV-LKPRPGSSIAVFGA-GAVGLAAV-MAAKIAGCTTIIAVDIV 220
Query: 197 EDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ + +L ++ GA + E+ LV + E++GG + + G
Sbjct: 221 DSRLELAKELGATHVIN-PKEEDLVAAIREITGGG-VDYALDTTG 263
>gnl|CDD|176253 cd08293, PTGR2, Prostaglandin reductase. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 345
Score = 37.0 bits (86), Expect = 0.008
Identities = 25/90 (27%), Positives = 48/90 (53%), Gaps = 3/90 (3%)
Query: 163 QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDK-TDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLV 221
QT++V+ A G G A + + ++V+G+C S++K L + G AA+ + + ++
Sbjct: 156 QTMVVSGAAGACGSLAGQIGRLLGCSRVVGICGSDEKCQLLKSELGFDAAINYKTD-NVA 214
Query: 222 NKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQ 251
++ E+ +V F+ VGGE +I Q
Sbjct: 215 ERLRELCPEG-VDVYFDNVGGEISDTVISQ 243
>gnl|CDD|234024 TIGR02817, adh_fam_1, zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenase family
protein. Members of this model form a distinct subset
of the larger family of oxidoreductases that includes
zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenases and NADPH:quinone
reductases (pfam00107). While some current members of
this family carry designations as putative alginate
lyase, it seems no sequence with a direct
characterization as such is detected by this model
[Energy metabolism, Fermentation].
Length = 336
Score = 36.3 bits (84), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 34/159 (21%), Positives = 67/159 (42%), Gaps = 30/159 (18%)
Query: 63 AKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVL--------ALNKELLH 114
+ P + G++ +G V+ V D E + + GD+V N E H
Sbjct: 54 PEAGQPKILGWDAAGVVVAVGD----------EVTLFKPGDEVWYAGDIDRPGSNAEF-H 102
Query: 115 GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTA-QIVFSR----HAKLKEKQTVLVTA 169
++ V H P+ ++F AA+L + TA +++F R +K+ +L+
Sbjct: 103 LVDERIVGHK------PKSLSFAEAAALPLTSITAWELLFDRLGINDPVAGDKRALLIIG 156
Query: 170 AGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
GG+G + +A ++ VI + + + + + GA
Sbjct: 157 GAGGVGSILIQLARQLTGLTVIATASRPESQEWVLELGA 195
>gnl|CDD|176184 cd05281, TDH, Threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via NAD(H)-
dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal region typically
has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria) and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose reductase
are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 341
Score = 36.1 bits (84), Expect = 0.017
Identities = 49/201 (24%), Positives = 83/201 (41%), Gaps = 39/201 (19%)
Query: 64 KPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKELLHGFSDQCV-- 121
KP PL+ G EF+G V+EV + + ++VGD V A ++ G QC
Sbjct: 56 KP--PLIFGHEFAGEVVEVGEGVTR----------VKVGDYVSA-ETHIVCGKCYQCRTG 102
Query: 122 ------------VHTNDVF----KIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSR--HAKLKEK- 162
V T+ F +PE+ +++ + ++ Q H L
Sbjct: 103 NYHVCQNTKILGVDTDGCFAEYVVVPEENLWKNDKDIPPEIASIQEPLGNAVHTVLAGDV 162
Query: 163 --QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSL 220
++VL+T G +GL A+ +A + VI + + +L ++ GA + E
Sbjct: 163 SGKSVLITGC-GPIGLMAIAVAKAAGASLVIASDPNPYRLELAKKMGADVVINPREED-- 219
Query: 221 VNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
V +V V+ G +VV E G
Sbjct: 220 VVEVKSVTDGTGVDVVLEMSG 240
>gnl|CDD|176256 cd08296, CAD_like, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step of
monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD binds 2
zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family members
are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in yeast where
they have an aldehyde reductase activity. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADHs), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 333
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 0.030
Identities = 42/180 (23%), Positives = 67/180 (37%), Gaps = 34/180 (18%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEE---------------DDEE 96
SD + G + P VPG E G + V
Sbjct: 40 SDAFVKEG-AMPGLSYPRVPGHEVVGRIDAVG----EGVSRWKVGDRVGVGWHGGHCGTC 94
Query: 97 DVLQVGDKVLALNKEL--LH---GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQI 151
D + GD V N ++ + G+++ + + +IP+ + AA L + T
Sbjct: 95 DACRRGDFVHCENGKVTGVTRDGGYAEYMLAPAEALARIPDDLDAAEAAPLLCAGVT--- 151
Query: 152 VFS--RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKI-YKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
F+ R++ K V V GGLG AV A K+ + + + + DK DL R+ GA
Sbjct: 152 TFNALRNSGAKPGDLVAVQGI-GGLGHLAVQYAAKMGF--RTVAISRGSDKADLARKLGA 208
>gnl|CDD|176258 cd08298, CAD2, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 329
Score = 35.2 bits (82), Expect = 0.033
Identities = 45/185 (24%), Positives = 64/185 (34%), Gaps = 55/185 (29%)
Query: 61 GDAK-PTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKV-------------- 105
GD P LPL+PG E G V V VGD+V
Sbjct: 51 GDLPPPKLPLIPGHEIVGRVEAVGP----------GVTRFSVGDRVGVPWLGSTCGECRY 100
Query: 106 -LALNKELLH-----------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASL----ADSYSTA 149
+ + L G+++ V + IPE E AA L Y
Sbjct: 101 CRSGRENLCDNARFTGYTVDGGYAEYMVADERFAYPIPEDYDDEEAAPLLCAGIIGYRAL 160
Query: 150 QIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYK---AKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQK 206
+ A LK Q + + G G A+ +A +I + A+V S + +L R+
Sbjct: 161 -----KLAGLKPGQRLGLY----GFG-ASAHLALQIARYQGAEVFAFTRSGEHQELAREL 210
Query: 207 GA-WA 210
GA WA
Sbjct: 211 GADWA 215
Score = 27.5 bits (62), Expect = 9.2
Identities = 15/43 (34%), Positives = 22/43 (51%), Gaps = 3/43 (6%)
Query: 1 VRIDIQCCALNSSDLLLYNGSGDAK-PTLPLVPGFEFSGTIIE 42
V I ++ C + +DL + GD P LPL+PG E G +
Sbjct: 32 VLIKVEACGVCRTDLHIV--EGDLPPPKLPLIPGHEIVGRVEA 72
>gnl|CDD|176254 cd08294, leukotriene_B4_DH_like, 13-PGR is a bifunctional enzyme
with delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase and leukotriene
B4 12 hydroxydehydrogenase activity. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto- 13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 34.9 bits (81), Expect = 0.034
Identities = 28/95 (29%), Positives = 47/95 (49%), Gaps = 5/95 (5%)
Query: 158 KLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNE 217
K K +TV+V A G +G + V KI KVIG S+DK +++ G A N
Sbjct: 140 KPKAGETVVVNGAAGAVG-SLVGQIAKIKGCKVIGCAGSDDKVAWLKELGFDAVF---NY 195
Query: 218 KSL-VNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVGGEDKTDLIRQ 251
K++ + + L+ + + F+ VGGE + ++
Sbjct: 196 KTVSLEEALKEAAPDGIDCYFDNVGGEFSSTVLSH 230
>gnl|CDD|182229 PRK10083, PRK10083, putative oxidoreductase; Provisional.
Length = 339
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 0.048
Identities = 24/95 (25%), Positives = 46/95 (48%), Gaps = 4/95 (4%)
Query: 115 GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGL 174
GFS+ VV + +IP+ + ++A + + ++ A V + E+ L+ A G +
Sbjct: 116 GFSEYAVVPAKNAHRIPDAIADQYAV-MVEPFTIAANV-TGRTGPTEQDVALIYGA-GPV 172
Query: 175 GLAAVDMATKIYKAK-VIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
GL V + +Y K VI +++ L ++ GA
Sbjct: 173 GLTIVQVLKGVYNVKAVIVADRIDERLALAKESGA 207
>gnl|CDD|176260 cd08300, alcohol_DH_class_III, class III alcohol dehydrogenases.
Members identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the zinc
dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family.
FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and
NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 368
Score = 34.5 bits (80), Expect = 0.052
Identities = 36/142 (25%), Positives = 60/142 (42%), Gaps = 16/142 (11%)
Query: 110 KELLH-----GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQT 164
K + H FS+ VV V KI + + L +T AK++ T
Sbjct: 130 KPIYHFMGTSTFSEYTVVAEISVAKINPEAPLDKVCLLGCGVTTGYGAVLNTAKVEPGST 189
Query: 165 VLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA-KVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTN----EKS 219
V V G +GLA + K A ++IG+ + DK +L ++ G A N +K
Sbjct: 190 VAVFGLGA-VGLAVI-QGAKAAGASRIIGIDINPDKFELAKKFG---ATDCVNPKDHDKP 244
Query: 220 LVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ ++E++ G + FE +G
Sbjct: 245 IQQVLVEMTDGG-VDYTFECIG 265
>gnl|CDD|188504 TIGR03989, Rxyl_3153, oxidoreductase, Rxyl_3153 family. This model
describes a clade within the family pfam00107 of
zinc-binding dehydrogenases. The family pfam00107
contains class III alcohol dehydrogenases, including
enzymes designated S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
dehydrogenase and NAD/mycothiol-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase. Members of the current family occur only
in species that contain the very small protein
mycofactocin (TIGR03969), a possible cofactor precursor,
and radical SAM protein TIGR03962. We name this family
for Rxyl_3153, where the lone member of the family
co-clusters with these markers in Rubrobacter
xylanophilus [Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown
specificity].
Length = 369
Score = 34.6 bits (80), Expect = 0.055
Identities = 37/130 (28%), Positives = 55/130 (42%), Gaps = 3/130 (2%)
Query: 112 LLHGFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAG 171
LL FS+ VV V KI + + + A + T A ++ TV+V
Sbjct: 136 LLGTFSEYTVVPEASVVKIDDDIPLDKACLVGCGVPTGWGSAVNIADVRPGDTVVVMGI- 194
Query: 172 GGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGK 231
GG+G+ AV A KVI V E K + + G A F + + V V E++ G+
Sbjct: 195 GGVGINAVQGAAVAGARKVIAVDPVEFKREQALKFG--ATHAFASMEEAVQLVRELTNGQ 252
Query: 232 YANVVFEAVG 241
A+ VG
Sbjct: 253 GADKTIITVG 262
>gnl|CDD|132492 TIGR03451, mycoS_dep_FDH, S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol dehydrogenase.
Members of this protein family are mycothiol-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.66). This protein
is found, so far, only in the Actinobacteria
(Mycobacterium sp., Streptomyces sp., Corynebacterium
sp., and related species), where mycothione replaces
glutathione [Cellular processes, Detoxification].
Length = 358
Score = 34.4 bits (79), Expect = 0.058
Identities = 25/85 (29%), Positives = 42/85 (49%), Gaps = 2/85 (2%)
Query: 157 AKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTN 216
+K +V V GG +G AA+ A +K+I V + K + R+ GA + ++
Sbjct: 172 GGVKRGDSVAVIGCGG-VGDAAIAGAALAGASKIIAVDIDDRKLEWAREFGATHTVN-SS 229
Query: 217 EKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
V + ++GG A+VV +AVG
Sbjct: 230 GTDPVEAIRALTGGFGADVVIDAVG 254
>gnl|CDD|176247 cd08287, FDH_like_ADH3, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group contains proteins identified as alcohol
dehydrogenases and glutathione-dependant formaldehyde
dehydrogenases (FDH) of the zinc-dependent/medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family. The MDR family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. FDH converts formaldehyde
and NAD to formate and NADH. The initial step in this
process the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation (and
detoxification) of the adduct to S-formylglutathione.
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has
a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 33.4 bits (77), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 56/223 (25%), Positives = 83/223 (37%), Gaps = 49/223 (21%)
Query: 52 SDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLA---- 107
SDL Y G + P+ G EF G V EV E ++ GD V+A
Sbjct: 40 SDLWPYRGVSPTRAPAPI--GHEFVGVVEEVGS----------EVTSVKPGDFVIAPFAI 87
Query: 108 ---LNKELLHGFSDQCVV-----HTND---------------VFKIPEKMTFEHAASLAD 144
GF+ CV D + K+P + L
Sbjct: 88 SDGTCPFCRAGFTTSCVHGGFWGAFVDGGQGEYVRVPLADGTLVKVPG--SPSDDEDLLP 145
Query: 145 SYSTAQIVFS------RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSED 198
S V A ++ TV+V G +GL AV A ++ ++I + ED
Sbjct: 146 SLLALSDVMGTGHHAAVSAGVRPGSTVVVVG-DGAVGLCAVLAAKRLGAERIIAMSRHED 204
Query: 199 KTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFEAVG 241
+ L R+ GA + E++ V +V E++GG A+ V E VG
Sbjct: 205 RQALAREFGATDIVAERGEEA-VARVRELTGGVGADAVLECVG 246
>gnl|CDD|166227 PLN02586, PLN02586, probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 360
Score = 33.7 bits (77), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 44/175 (25%), Positives = 73/175 (41%), Gaps = 30/175 (17%)
Query: 68 PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVAD----------------TKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALNKE 111
P+VPG E G V ++ S + E ++D+ K++
Sbjct: 67 PIVPGHEIVGIVTKLGKNVKKFKEGDRVGVGVIVGSCKSCESCDQDLENYCPKMIFTYNS 126
Query: 112 LLH-------GFSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFS--RHAKLKEK 162
+ H G+SD VV + V + P+ + + A L + T V+S ++ + E
Sbjct: 127 IGHDGTKNYGGYSDMIVVDQHFVLRFPDNLPLDAGAPLLCAGIT---VYSPMKYYGMTEP 183
Query: 163 QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTD-LIRQKGAWAALTFTN 216
L A GGLG AV + K + KV + +S +K D I + GA + L T+
Sbjct: 184 GKHLGVAGLGGLGHVAVKIG-KAFGLKVTVISSSSNKEDEAINRLGADSFLVSTD 237
>gnl|CDD|225139 COG2230, Cfa, Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase and related
methyltransferases [Cell envelope biogenesis, outer
membrane].
Length = 283
Score = 33.4 bits (77), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 23/52 (44%), Gaps = 3/52 (5%)
Query: 155 RHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQK 206
LK T+L G G G A+ A + Y V+GV SE++ ++
Sbjct: 66 EKLGLKPGMTLL--DIGCGWGGLAIYAAEE-YGVTVVGVTLSEEQLAYAEKR 114
>gnl|CDD|131865 TIGR02818, adh_III_F_hyde, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
dehydrogenase/class III alcohol dehydrogenase. The
members of this protein family show dual function.
First, they remove formaldehyde, a toxic metabolite, by
acting as S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase
(1.1.1.284). S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione can form
spontaneously from formaldehyde and glutathione, and so
this enzyme previously was designated
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase. These
same proteins are also designated alcohol dehydrogenase
(EC 1.1.1.1) of class III, for activities that do not
require glutathione; they tend to show poor activity for
ethanol among their various substrate alcohols [Cellular
processes, Detoxification, Energy metabolism,
Fermentation].
Length = 368
Score = 33.3 bits (76), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 31/127 (24%), Positives = 57/127 (44%), Gaps = 3/127 (2%)
Query: 116 FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG 175
FS+ VV + KI E L +T AK++E TV V GG +G
Sbjct: 140 FSEYTVVPEISLAKINPAAPLEEVCLLGCGVTTGIGAVLNTAKVEEGDTVAVFGLGG-IG 198
Query: 176 LAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTN-EKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYAN 234
L+ + A +++I + + K +L ++ GA + + +K + ++E++ G +
Sbjct: 199 LSVIQGARMAKASRIIAIDINPAKFELAKKLGATDCVNPNDYDKPIQEVIVEITDGG-VD 257
Query: 235 VVFEAVG 241
FE +G
Sbjct: 258 YSFECIG 264
>gnl|CDD|132409 TIGR03366, HpnZ_proposed, putative phosphonate catabolism
associated alcohol dehydrogenase. This clade of
zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenases (members of
pfam00107) are repeatedly associated with genes proposed
to be involved with the catabolism of phosphonate
compounds.
Length = 280
Score = 32.9 bits (75), Expect = 0.18
Identities = 32/132 (24%), Positives = 51/132 (38%), Gaps = 6/132 (4%)
Query: 111 ELLHGFSDQCV-VHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTA 169
L G+++ C + +P+ + AA + +T LK + VLV
Sbjct: 70 PLSGGYAEHCHLPAGTAIVPVPDDLPDAVAAPAGCATATVMAALEAAGDLKGR-RVLVVG 128
Query: 170 AGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSG 229
AG LGL A A A+V+ S D+ +L GA A + L + +
Sbjct: 129 AGM-LGLTAAAAAAAAGAARVVAADPSPDRRELALSFGATALA---EPEVLAERQGGLQN 184
Query: 230 GKYANVVFEAVG 241
G+ +V E G
Sbjct: 185 GRGVDVALEFSG 196
>gnl|CDD|212492 cd05327, retinol-DH_like_SDR_c_like, retinol dehydrogenase
(retinol-DH), Light dependent Protochlorophyllide
(Pchlide) OxidoReductase (LPOR) and related proteins,
classical (c) SDRs. Classical SDR subgroup containing
retinol-DHs, LPORs, and related proteins. Retinol is
processed by a medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
followed by retinol-DHs. Pchlide reductases act in
chlorophyll biosynthesis. There are distinct enzymes
that catalyze Pchlide reduction in light or dark
conditions. Light-dependent reduction is via an
NADP-dependent SDR, LPOR. Proteins in this subfamily
share the glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the
classical SDRs, have a partial match to the canonical
active site tetrad, but lack the typical active site
Ser. This subgroup includes the human proteins: retinol
dehydrogenase -12, -13 ,and -14, dehydrogenase/reductase
SDR family member (DHRS)-12 , -13 and -X (a DHRS on
chromosome X), and WWOX (WW domain-containing
oxidoreductase), as well as a Neurospora crassa SDR
encoded by the blue light inducible bli-4 gene. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central
beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 269
Score = 32.6 bits (75), Expect = 0.18
Identities = 12/39 (30%), Positives = 21/39 (53%), Gaps = 3/39 (7%)
Query: 162 KQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAV-DMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDK 199
+ V++T A G+G ++A + A VI C +E+K
Sbjct: 1 GKVVVITGANSGIGKETARELAKR--GAHVIIACRNEEK 37
>gnl|CDD|200089 TIGR01289, LPOR, light-dependent protochlorophyllide reductase.
This model represents the light-dependent,
NADPH-dependent form of protochlorophyllide reductase.
It belongs to the short chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family, in contrast to the nitrogenase-related
light-independent form [Biosynthesis of cofactors,
prosthetic groups, and carriers, Chlorophyll and
bacteriochlorphyll].
Length = 314
Score = 31.4 bits (71), Expect = 0.54
Identities = 14/41 (34%), Positives = 19/41 (46%)
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTD 201
+K TV++T A GLGL A + VI C K +
Sbjct: 2 QKPTVIITGASSGLGLYAAKALAATGEWHVIMACRDFLKAE 42
>gnl|CDD|176255 cd08295, double_bond_reductase_like, Arabidopsis alkenal double
bond reductase and leukotriene B4
12-hydroxydehydrogenase. This group includes proteins
identified as the Arabidopsis alkenal double bond
reductase and leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase.
The Arabidopsis enzyme, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the reduction
of 7-8-double bond of phenylpropanal substrates as a
plant defense mechanism. Prostaglandins and related
eicosanoids (lipid mediators involved in host defense
and inflamation) are metabolized by the oxidation of the
15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
can be metabolized by LTB4 20-hydroxylase in inflamatory
cells, and in other cells by bifunctional LTB4
12-HD/PGR. These 15-PGDH and related enzymes are members
of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 338
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.62
Identities = 22/69 (31%), Positives = 34/69 (49%), Gaps = 1/69 (1%)
Query: 138 HAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSE 197
+ L TA F K K+ +TV V+AA G +G +A K+ V+G S+
Sbjct: 128 YLGLLGMPGLTAYAGFYEVCKPKKGETVFVSAASGAVGQLVGQLA-KLKGCYVVGSAGSD 186
Query: 198 DKTDLIRQK 206
+K DL++ K
Sbjct: 187 EKVDLLKNK 195
>gnl|CDD|183775 PRK12826, PRK12826, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Reviewed.
Length = 251
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 0.97
Identities = 17/50 (34%), Positives = 23/50 (46%), Gaps = 7/50 (14%)
Query: 163 QTVLVTAAGGGLGLA-AVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDK----TDLIRQKG 207
+ LVT A G+G A AV +A A+VI V D +L+ G
Sbjct: 7 RVALVTGAARGIGRAIAVRLAAD--GAEVIVVDICGDDAAATAELVEAAG 54
>gnl|CDD|182371 PRK10309, PRK10309, galactitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 347
Score = 30.2 bits (68), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 38/166 (22%), Positives = 58/166 (34%), Gaps = 38/166 (22%)
Query: 68 PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALN-------KELLHGFSDQC 120
P+ G EFSG V V S + L GD V + E L GF C
Sbjct: 54 PITLGHEFSGYVEAVG---SGVDD-------LHPGDAVACVPLLPCFTCPECLRGFYSLC 103
Query: 121 ------------------VVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEK 162
VV ++F +P M E A + + + F + K
Sbjct: 104 AKYDFIGSRRDGGNAEYIVVKRKNLFALPTDMPIEDGAFI-EPITVGLHAFHLAQGCEGK 162
Query: 163 QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGA 208
+++ A G +GL A+ A + V + + +K L + GA
Sbjct: 163 NVIIIGA--GTIGLLAIQCAVALGAKSVTAIDINSEKLALAKSLGA 206
>gnl|CDD|181335 PRK08264, PRK08264, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 238
Score = 29.9 bits (68), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 18/33 (54%), Gaps = 5/33 (15%)
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDM-----ATKIYKA 188
+ + VLVT A G+G A V+ A K+Y A
Sbjct: 5 KGKVVLVTGANRGIGRAFVEQLLARGAAKVYAA 37
>gnl|CDD|180054 PRK05396, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 341
Score = 30.2 bits (69), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 55/227 (24%), Positives = 91/227 (40%), Gaps = 58/227 (25%)
Query: 47 TRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTL--PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVADTKSSSTEEDDEEDV--LQVG 102
T I +D+ +YN A+ T+ P+V G EF G V+EV +V +VG
Sbjct: 35 TAICGTDVHIYNWDEWAQKTIPVPMVVGHEFVGEVVEVG------------SEVTGFKVG 82
Query: 103 DKVLALNKE--LLHGFSDQCV--------------VHTN------------DVFKIPEKM 134
D+V E ++ G C V+ +V+KIP+ +
Sbjct: 83 DRVSG---EGHIVCGHCRNCRAGRRHLCRNTKGVGVNRPGAFAEYLVIPAFNVWKIPDDI 139
Query: 135 TFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEK---QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVI 191
+ AA D + A H L + VL+T A G +G+ A +A + V+
Sbjct: 140 PDDLAAIF-DPFGNAV-----HTALSFDLVGEDVLITGA-GPIGIMAAAVAKHVGARHVV 192
Query: 192 GVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALTFTNEKSLVNKVLEVSGGKYANVVFE 238
+E + +L R+ GA A+ E L + + E+ + +V E
Sbjct: 193 ITDVNEYRLELARKMGATRAVNVAKED-LRDVMAELGMTEGFDVGLE 238
>gnl|CDD|187594 cd05333, BKR_SDR_c, beta-Keto acyl carrier protein reductase (BKR),
involved in Type II FAS, classical (c) SDRs. This
subgroup includes the Escherichai coli K12 BKR, FabG.
BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ACP in
the first reductive step of de novo fatty acid synthesis
(FAS). FAS consists of four elongation steps, which are
repeated to extend the fatty acid chain through the
addition of two-carbo units from malonyl acyl-carrier
protein (ACP): condensation, reduction, dehydration, and
a final reduction. Type II FAS, typical of plants and
many bacteria, maintains these activities on discrete
polypeptides, while type I FAS utilizes one or two
multifunctional polypeptides. BKR resembles enoyl
reductase, which catalyzes the second reduction step in
FAS. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding
pattern with a central beta-sheet) NAD(P)(H) binding
region and a structurally diverse C-terminal region.
Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long,
while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues.
Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are
typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the
Rossmann fold NAD binding motif and characteristic
NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These
enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H) binding
pattern: TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs. Extended SDRs have
additional elements in the C-terminal region, and
typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains
of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P) binding
motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal
type type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G
NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost
catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P) binding
motif and missing or unusual active site residues.
Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include
isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond
reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation,
Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol
oxidoreduction. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional
Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for
these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and
aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a
proton relay involving the conserved Tyr-151 and
Lys-155, and well as Asn-111 (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not
generally found among SDRs.
Length = 240
Score = 29.8 bits (68), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 20/38 (52%), Gaps = 3/38 (7%)
Query: 163 QTVLVTAAGGGLGLA-AVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDK 199
+ LVT A G+G A A+ +A + AKV SE+
Sbjct: 1 KVALVTGASRGIGRAIALRLAAE--GAKVAVTDRSEEA 36
>gnl|CDD|216978 pfam02331, P35, Apoptosis preventing protein. This viral protein
functions to block the host apoptotic response caused
by infection by the virus. The apoptosis preventing
protein (or early 35kD protein, P35) acts by blocking
caspase protease activity.
Length = 300
Score = 29.8 bits (67), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 16/54 (29%), Positives = 25/54 (46%), Gaps = 1/54 (1%)
Query: 30 LVPGFEFSGTIIE-KKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLVPGFEFSGTVIEV 82
+ P F S TII + N+ DL+ N D + P++ F SG ++ V
Sbjct: 3 IFPTFHASQTIIRDCPNLVDKNTRDLVYINNVMDTQLNKPVLMAFNISGPIVSV 56
>gnl|CDD|225063 COG2152, COG2152, Predicted glycosylase [Carbohydrate transport and
metabolism].
Length = 314
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 15/49 (30%), Positives = 21/49 (42%), Gaps = 3/49 (6%)
Query: 23 DAKPTL-PLVPGFEFSGTIIEKKMMTRINSSDLLLYNGSGDAKPTLPLV 70
+ +PTL P +E G IE +T+I + Y D P L L
Sbjct: 78 EPEPTLWPANYPYEIYG--IEDPRVTKIGGRYYMTYTAYSDKGPRLALA 124
>gnl|CDD|130269 TIGR01202, bchC, 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl
bacteriochlorophyllide A dehydrogenase. [Biosynthesis
of cofactors, prosthetic groups, and carriers,
Chlorophyll and bacteriochlorphyll].
Length = 308
Score = 29.4 bits (66), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 17/32 (53%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 55 LLYNGSGDAKPTL--PLVPGFEFSGTVIEVAD 84
L +NG P + PLVPG+E G V+E
Sbjct: 44 LFWNGLMPPFPGMGYPLVPGYESVGRVVEAGP 75
>gnl|CDD|223959 COG1028, FabG, Dehydrogenases with different specificities (related
to short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases) [Secondary
metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 251
Score = 29.4 bits (66), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 9/42 (21%), Positives = 16/42 (38%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDL 202
+ LVT A G+G A + A+V+ ++
Sbjct: 4 SGKVALVTGASSGIGRAIARALAR-EGARVVVAARRSEEEAA 44
>gnl|CDD|235546 PRK05653, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Validated.
Length = 246
Score = 29.4 bits (67), Expect = 2.1
Identities = 16/81 (19%), Positives = 31/81 (38%), Gaps = 11/81 (13%)
Query: 163 QTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQ-------KGAWAALTFT 215
+T LVT A G+G A AKV+ ++E+ + + + +
Sbjct: 6 KTALVTGASRGIGRAIALRLAA-DGAKVVIYDSNEEAAEALAAELRAAGGEARVLVFDVS 64
Query: 216 NE---KSLVNKVLEVSGGKYA 233
+E ++L+ +E G
Sbjct: 65 DEAAVRALIEAAVEAFGALDI 85
>gnl|CDD|235739 PRK06200, PRK06200, 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrophenylpropionate
dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 263
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 14/45 (31%), Positives = 21/45 (46%), Gaps = 1/45 (2%)
Query: 161 EKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQ 205
Q L+T G G+G A V+ A+V + S +K +RQ
Sbjct: 5 HGQVALITGGGSGIGRALVE-RFLAEGARVAVLERSAEKLASLRQ 48
>gnl|CDD|226608 COG4123, COG4123, Predicted O-methyltransferase [General function
prediction only].
Length = 248
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 2.8
Identities = 18/50 (36%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 4/50 (8%)
Query: 145 SYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAG-GGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGV 193
Y T I+ + A + +K +L AG G LGL A + KAK++GV
Sbjct: 28 RYGTDAILLAAFAPVPKKGRILDLGAGNGALGLLL---AQRTEKAKIVGV 74
>gnl|CDD|187656 cd08953, KR_2_SDR_x, ketoreductase (KR), subgroup 2, complex (x)
SDRs. Ketoreductase, a module of the multidomain
polyketide synthase (PKS), has 2 subdomains, each
corresponding to a SDR family monomer. The C-terminal
subdomain catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the
beta-carbonyl of a polyketide to a hydroxyl group, a
step in the biosynthesis of polyketides, such as
erythromycin. The N-terminal subdomain, an interdomain
linker, is a truncated Rossmann fold which acts to
stabilizes the catalytic subdomain. Unlike typical SDRs,
the isolated domain does not oligomerize but is composed
of 2 subdomains, each resembling an SDR monomer. The
active site resembles that of typical SDRs, except that
the usual positions of the catalytic Asn and Tyr are
swapped, so that the canonical YXXXK motif changes to
YXXXN. Modular PKSs are multifunctional structures in
which the makeup recapitulates that found in (and may
have evolved from) FAS. Polyketide synthesis also
proceeds via the addition of 2-carbon units as in fatty
acid synthesis. The complex SDR NADP-binding motif,
GGXGXXG, is often present, but is not strictly conserved
in each instance of the module. This subfamily includes
both KR domains of the Bacillus subtilis Pks J,-L, and
PksM, and all three KR domains of PksN, components of
the megacomplex bacillaene synthase, which synthesizes
the antibiotic bacillaene. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately
350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human prostaglandin dehydrogenase
(PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there
is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, PGDH numbering) contributing to
the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type KRs have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G
NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost
catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding
motif and missing or unusual active site residues.
Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include
isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond
reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation,
Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol
oxidoreduction.
Length = 436
Score = 29.3 bits (66), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 14/39 (35%), Positives = 21/39 (53%), Gaps = 2/39 (5%)
Query: 154 SRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLA-AVDMATKIYKAKVI 191
+ A LK LVT GG+G A A +A + Y A+++
Sbjct: 197 AASAPLKPGGVYLVTGGAGGIGRALARALA-RRYGARLV 234
>gnl|CDD|178341 PLN02740, PLN02740, Alcohol dehydrogenase-like.
Length = 381
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 4.6
Identities = 28/113 (24%), Positives = 47/113 (41%), Gaps = 6/113 (5%)
Query: 116 FSDQCVVHTNDVFKIPEKMTFEHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG 175
F++ V+ + V KI + + L+ ST A ++ +V + G +G
Sbjct: 153 FTEYTVLDSACVVKIDPNAPLKKMSLLSCGVSTGVGAAWNTANVQAGSSVAIFGLGA-VG 211
Query: 176 LAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDKTDLIRQKGAWAALT-FTNEKSLVNKVLEV 227
LA + A +K+IGV + +K +KG +T F N K V E
Sbjct: 212 LAVAEGARARGASKIIGVDINPEKF----EKGKEMGITDFINPKDSDKPVHER 260
>gnl|CDD|221484 pfam12242, Eno-Rase_NADH_b, NAD(P)H binding domain of
trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase. This family carries the
region of the enzyme trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase,
EC:1.3.1.44, which binds NAD(P)H. The activity of the
enzyme was characterized in Euglena where an unusual
fatty acid synthesis path-way in the mitochondria
performs a malonyl-CoA independent synthesis of fatty
acids leading to accumulation of wax esters, which serve
as the sink for electrons stemming from glycolytic ATP
synthesis and pyruvate oxidation. The full enzyme
catalyzes the reduction of enoyl-CoA to acyl-CoA. The
binding site is conserved as GA/CSpGYG, where p is any
polar residue.
Length = 78
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 13/46 (28%), Positives = 19/46 (41%), Gaps = 1/46 (2%)
Query: 150 QIVFSRHA-KLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVC 194
QI + + + + VLV A G GLA+ A +GV
Sbjct: 26 QIAYVKAQGPIDGPKKVLVIGASSGYGLASRIALAFGAGADTLGVF 71
>gnl|CDD|215720 pfam00106, adh_short, short chain dehydrogenase. This family
contains a wide variety of dehydrogenases.
Length = 167
Score = 27.5 bits (62), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 10/17 (58%), Positives = 11/17 (64%)
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVD 180
TVL+T GGLGLA
Sbjct: 2 TVLITGGTGGLGLALAR 18
>gnl|CDD|212491 cd05233, SDR_c, classical (c) SDRs. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately
350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human prostaglandin dehydrogenase
(PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there
is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, PGDH numbering) contributing to
the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 234
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 6.7
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 19/36 (52%), Gaps = 3/36 (8%)
Query: 165 VLVTAAGGGLGLA-AVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDK 199
LVT A G+G A A +A + AKV+ +E+
Sbjct: 1 ALVTGASSGIGRAIARRLARE--GAKVVLADRNEEA 34
>gnl|CDD|107249 cd01536, PBP1_ABC_sugar_binding_like, Periplasmic sugar-binding
domain of active transport systems that are members of
the type I periplasmic binding protein (PBP1)
superfamily. Periplasmic sugar-binding domain of active
transport systems that are members of the type I
periplasmic binding protein (PBP1) superfamily. The
members of this family function as the primary receptors
for chemotaxis and transport of many sugar based solutes
in bacteria and archaea. The sugar binding domain is
also homologous to the ligand-binding domain of
eukaryotic receptors such as glutamate receptor (GluR)
and DNA-binding transcriptional repressors such as LacI
and GalR. Moreover, this periplasmic binding domain,
also known as Venus flytrap domain, undergoes transition
from an open to a closed conformational state upon the
binding of ligands such as lactose, ribose, fructose,
xylose, arabinose, galactose/glucose, and other sugars.
This family also includes the periplasmic binding domain
of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) receptors such as LsrB and LuxP
which are highly homologous to periplasmic
pentose/hexose sugar-binding proteins.
Length = 267
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 6.8
Identities = 12/77 (15%), Positives = 27/77 (35%), Gaps = 5/77 (6%)
Query: 141 SLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG-LAAVDMATKIYKAKVIGVCNSEDK 199
+ + + + + + LG +AA+ A + K++GV S +
Sbjct: 164 DREKALQAMEDLLQANPDI---DAIFAANDSMALGAVAALKAAGRKGDVKIVGVDGSPEA 220
Query: 200 TDLIRQKGAWAALTFTN 216
I+ +G A +
Sbjct: 221 LAAIK-EGGILATVAQD 236
>gnl|CDD|181297 PRK08217, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 253
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 6.8
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 16/28 (57%), Gaps = 2/28 (7%)
Query: 158 KLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLGLA-AVDMATK 184
LK+K +++T GLG A A +A K
Sbjct: 2 DLKDK-VIVITGGAQGLGRAMAEYLAQK 28
>gnl|CDD|223409 COG0332, FabH, 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].
Length = 323
Score = 28.0 bits (63), Expect = 7.1
Identities = 25/124 (20%), Positives = 39/124 (31%), Gaps = 27/124 (21%)
Query: 83 ADTKSSSTEEDDEEDVLQVGDKVLALN--------KELLHGFS------DQCVVH----- 123
++ EE ++ G +V +E+L D V H
Sbjct: 195 GGGSATPKEESGGGLLVMDGREVFKFAVRAMPKAIEEVLEKAGLTPEDIDWFVPHQANLR 254
Query: 124 ----TNDVFKIPEKMTF----EHAASLADSYSTAQIVFSRHAKLKEKQTVLVTAAGGGLG 175
IPE+ ++ + A S A R ++K VL+ A GGGL
Sbjct: 255 IIEAIAKKLGIPEEKVVVTVDKYGNTSAASIPLALDEALREGRIKPGDLVLLEAFGGGLT 314
Query: 176 LAAV 179
A
Sbjct: 315 WGAA 318
>gnl|CDD|187602 cd05344, BKR_like_SDR_like, putative beta-ketoacyl acyl carrier
protein [ACP] reductase (BKR)-like, SDR. This subgroup
resembles the SDR family, but does not have a perfect
match to the NAD-binding motif or the catalytic tetrad
characteristic of the SDRs. It includes the SDRs, Q9HYA2
from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and APE0912 from
Aeropyrum pernix K1. BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of ACP in the first reductive step of de novo
fatty acid synthesis (FAS). FAS consists of four
elongation steps, which are repeated to extend the fatty
acid chain through the addition of two-carbo units from
malonyl acyl-carrier protein (ACP): condensation,
reduction, dehydration, and a final reduction. Type II
FAS, typical of plants and many bacteria, maintains
these activities on discrete polypeptides, while type I
FAS utilizes one or two multifunctional polypeptides.
BKR resembles enoyl reductase, which catalyzes the
second reduction step in FAS. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately
350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal
NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern (typically, TGxxxGxG in
classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in extended SDRs), while
substrate binding is in the C-terminal region. A
critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern.
In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an
upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn
(Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser,
contributing to the active site. Substrates for these
enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic
compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton
relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, as well as
Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17
beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional
helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among
SDRs.
Length = 253
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 7.4
Identities = 9/18 (50%), Positives = 10/18 (55%)
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDM 181
LVTAA G+GLA
Sbjct: 3 VALVTAASSGIGLAIARA 20
>gnl|CDD|187632 cd05374, 17beta-HSD-like_SDR_c, 17beta hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase-like, classical (c) SDRs.
17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are a group of
isozymes that catalyze activation and inactivation of
estrogen and androgens. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with
a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately
350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the
Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138,
15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH
numbering) contributing to the active site; while
substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which
determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism
is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving
the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized
by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional
elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain)
SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid
synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an
altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl
reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or
have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or
unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within
the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation,
epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 248
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 8.3
Identities = 20/76 (26%), Positives = 31/76 (40%), Gaps = 12/76 (15%)
Query: 164 TVLVTAAGGGLGLAAVDMATKIYKA--KVIGVC-NSEDKTDLIRQKGA---WAALTFTNE 217
VL+T G+GLA +A + +VI N + L L T+E
Sbjct: 2 VVLITGCSSGIGLA---LALALAAQGYRVIATARNPDKLESLGELLNDNLEVLELDVTDE 58
Query: 218 KSL---VNKVLEVSGG 230
+S+ V +V+E G
Sbjct: 59 ESIKAAVKEVIERFGR 74
>gnl|CDD|176204 cd08242, MDR_like, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family, including threonine dehydrogenase.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
includes various activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 9.2
Identities = 9/18 (50%), Positives = 10/18 (55%)
Query: 67 LPLVPGFEFSGTVIEVAD 84
P VPG EF G V E +
Sbjct: 50 FPGVPGHEFVGIVEEGPE 67
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.315 0.132 0.370
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0902 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 14,653,973
Number of extensions: 1381917
Number of successful extensions: 1605
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 1440
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 256
Length of query: 296
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 96
Effective length of query: 200
Effective length of database: 6,679,618
Effective search space: 1335923600
Effective search space used: 1335923600
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 42 (22.0 bits)
S2: 59 (26.2 bits)