RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy3262
(103 letters)
>gnl|CDD|198300 cd03191, GST_C_Zeta, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Zeta
Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione S-transferase
(GST) C-terminal domain family, Class Zeta subfamily;
GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular
detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of
glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous and
xenobiotic alkylating agents, including carcinogens,
therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins, and products of
oxidative stress. The GST fold contains an N-terminal
thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal alpha helical
domain, with an active site located in a cleft between
the two domains. GSH binds to the N-terminal domain
while the hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in the
C-terminal domain. Class Zeta GSTs, also known as
maleylacetoacetate (MAA) isomerases, catalyze the
isomerization of MAA to fumarylacetoacetate, the
penultimate step in tyrosine/phenylalanine catabolism,
using GSH as a cofactor. They show little
GSH-conjugating activity towards traditional GST
substrates, but display modest GSH peroxidase activity.
They are also implicated in the detoxification of the
carcinogen dichloroacetic acid by catalyzing its
dechlorination to glyoxylic acid.
Length = 121
Score = 163 bits (415), Expect = 7e-54
Identities = 59/106 (55%), Positives = 76/106 (71%), Gaps = 6/106 (5%)
Query: 4 KVREICEVIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVG------EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAG 57
+VR I +IA I PLQNL VL Y+ EE+K WAQHWI RG +A+EKLL+S+AG
Sbjct: 6 RVRAIALIIACDIHPLQNLRVLKYLTEKLGVSEEEKLAWAQHWIERGFQALEKLLASTAG 65
Query: 58 KYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLRIDRELENHP 103
KYCVGD+ ++AD CL+PQV+NARRF VDL P+P ++RI+ P
Sbjct: 66 KYCVGDEPTLADICLVPQVYNARRFGVDLSPYPTIVRINEACLELP 111
>gnl|CDD|233333 TIGR01262, maiA, maleylacetoacetate isomerase. Maleylacetoacetate
isomerase is an enzyme of tyrosine and phenylalanine
catabolism. It requires glutathione and belongs by
homology to the zeta family of glutathione
S-transferases. The enzyme (EC 5.2.1.2) is described as
active also on maleylpyruvate, and the example from a
Ralstonia sp. catabolic plasmid is described as a
maleylpyruvate isomerase involved in gentisate
catabolism [Energy metabolism, Amino acids and amines].
Length = 210
Score = 139 bits (352), Expect = 3e-43
Identities = 50/106 (47%), Positives = 64/106 (60%), Gaps = 6/106 (5%)
Query: 4 KVREICEVIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVG------EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAG 57
+VR + +IA I PL NL VL Y+ EE + W QHWI +G A+E LL AG
Sbjct: 91 RVRALALLIACDIHPLNNLRVLQYLREKLGVEEEARNRWYQHWISKGFAALEALLQPHAG 150
Query: 58 KYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLRIDRELENHP 103
+CVGD ++AD CL+PQV+NA RF VDL P+P + RI L P
Sbjct: 151 AFCVGDTPTLADLCLVPQVYNAERFGVDLTPYPTLRRIAAALAALP 196
>gnl|CDD|223698 COG0625, Gst, Glutathione S-transferase [Posttranslational
modification, protein turnover, chaperones].
Length = 211
Score = 58.3 bits (141), Expect = 9e-12
Identities = 23/106 (21%), Positives = 38/106 (35%), Gaps = 7/106 (6%)
Query: 3 GKVREICEVIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVGEEK-----KREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAG 57
+ AS + P+ +G E E A+ I L +E LL+ G
Sbjct: 93 ALLLWWLFFAASDLHPVIGQRRRALLGSEPELLEAALEAARAEIRALLALLEALLA--DG 150
Query: 58 KYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLRIDRELENHP 103
Y GD ++AD L P ++ +L +P + + P
Sbjct: 151 PYLAGDRFTIADIALAPLLWRLALLGEELADYPALKAWYERVLARP 196
>gnl|CDD|198286 cd00299, GST_C_family, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the
Glutathione S-transferase family. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) family, C-terminal alpha helical
domain; a large, diverse group of cytosolic dimeric
proteins involved in cellular detoxification by
catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a
wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating
agents, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs,
environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress.
In addition, GSTs also show GSH peroxidase activity and
are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins and
leukotrienes. This family, also referred to as soluble
GSTs, is the largest family of GSH transferases and is
only distantly related to the mitochondrial GSTs
(GSTK). Soluble GSTs bear no structural similarity to
microsomal GSTs (MAPEG family) and display additional
activities unique to their group, such as catalyzing
thiolysis, reduction and isomerization of certain
compounds. The GST fold contains an N-terminal
thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal alpha helical
domain, with an active site located in a cleft between
the two domains. GSH binds to the N-terminal domain
while the hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in
the C-terminal domain. Based on sequence similarity,
different classes of GSTs have been identified, which
display varying tissue distribution, substrate
specificities and additional specific activities. In
humans, GSTs display polymorphisms which may influence
individual susceptibility to diseases such as cancer,
arthritis, allergy and sclerosis. Some GST family
members with non-GST functions include glutaredoxin 2,
the CLIC subfamily of anion channels, prion protein
Ure2p, crystallins, metaxins, stringent starvation
protein A, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
Length = 100
Score = 40.9 bits (96), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 19/86 (22%), Positives = 30/86 (34%), Gaps = 2/86 (2%)
Query: 5 VREICEVIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVGEEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDD 64
+A + L L + +E E A+ + L A+E+LL+ Y GD
Sbjct: 5 EDWADATLAPPLVRLLYLEKVPLPKDEAAVEAAREELPALLAALEQLLA--GRPYLAGDQ 62
Query: 65 ISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFP 90
S+AD L P +
Sbjct: 63 FSLADVALAPVLARLEALGPYYDLLD 88
>gnl|CDD|222111 pfam13410, GST_C_2, Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain.
This domain is closely related to pfam00043.
Length = 69
Score = 35.8 bits (83), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 24/53 (45%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 34 REWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDL 86
E A + R L A+E+ L+ G Y +GD S+AD L P + L
Sbjct: 4 LERALAQLERALDALEERLA--DGPYLLGDRPSLADIALAPALARLDFRGPGL 54
>gnl|CDD|215674 pfam00043, GST_C, Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain.
GST conjugates reduced glutathione to a variety of
targets including S-crystallin from squid, the
eukaryotic elongation factor 1-gamma, the HSP26 family
of stress-related proteins and auxin-regulated proteins
in plants. Stringent starvation proteins in E. coli are
also included in the alignment but are not known to have
GST activity. The glutathione molecule binds in a cleft
between N and C-terminal domains. The catalytically
important residues are proposed to reside in the
N-terminal domain. In plants, GSTs are encoded by a
large gene family (48 GST genes in Arabidopsis) and can
be divided into the phi, tau, theta, zeta, and lambda
classes.
Length = 92
Score = 35.8 bits (83), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 20/75 (26%), Positives = 34/75 (45%), Gaps = 3/75 (4%)
Query: 30 EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVD-LRP 88
+E + E A + + L A+E++L Y VGD +++AD L P + D L
Sbjct: 20 DEPEVEEALEKLLKVLEALEEVLKGK--TYLVGDKLTLADIALAPALDWLYMLEPDPLEK 77
Query: 89 FPIVLRIDRELENHP 103
FP + + + P
Sbjct: 78 FPNLKAWRKRVAARP 92
>gnl|CDD|198301 cd03192, GST_C_Sigma_like, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Class Sigma-like Glutathione S-transferases.
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain
family, Class Sigma_like; composed of GSTs belonging to
class Sigma and similar proteins, including GSTs from
class Mu, Pi, and Alpha. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric
proteins involved in cellular detoxification by
catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a
wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating
agents, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs,
environmental toxins, and products of oxidative stress.
The GST fold contains an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold
domain and a C-terminal alpha helical domain, with an
active site located in a cleft between the two domains.
GSH binds to the N-terminal domain while the
hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in the
C-terminal domain. Vertebrate class Sigma GSTs are
characterized as GSH-dependent hematopoietic
prostaglandin (PG) D synthases and are responsible for
the production of PGD2 by catalyzing the isomerization
of PGH2. The functions of PGD2 include the maintenance
of body temperature, inhibition of platelet
aggregation, bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, and
mediation of allergy and inflammation. Other class
Sigma-like members include the class II insect GSTs,
S-crystallins from cephalopods, nematode-specific GSTs,
and 28-kDa GSTs from parasitic flatworms. Drosophila
GST2 is associated with indirect flight muscle and
exhibits preference for catalyzing GSH conjugation to
lipid peroxidation products, indicating an anti-oxidant
role. S-crystallin constitutes the major lens protein
in cephalopod eyes and is responsible for lens
transparency and proper refractive index. The 28-kDa
GST from Schistosoma is a multifunctional enzyme,
exhibiting GSH transferase, GSH peroxidase, and PGD2
synthase activities, and may play an important role in
host-parasite interactions. Members also include novel
GSTs from the fungus Cunninghamella elegans, designated
as class Gamma, and from the protozoan Blepharisma
japonicum, described as a light-inducible GST.
Length = 104
Score = 34.1 bits (79), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 17/43 (39%), Positives = 26/43 (60%)
Query: 30 EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCL 72
+EKK+E+ + + + L EK+L S G Y VGD ++ AD L
Sbjct: 33 KEKKKEFLEEALPKFLGKFEKILKKSGGGYFVGDKLTWADLAL 75
>gnl|CDD|198287 cd03177, GST_C_Delta_Epsilon, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Class Delta and Epsilon Glutathione S-transferases.
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain
family, Class Delta and Epsilon subfamily; GSTs are
cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular
detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of
glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous and
xenobiotic alkylating agents, including carcinogens,
therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of
oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH peroxidase
activity and are involved in the synthesis of
prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST fold contains
an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal
alpha helical domain, with an active site located in a
cleft between the two domains. GSH binds to the
N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic substrate
occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain. The class
Delta and Epsilon subfamily is made up primarily of
insect GSTs, which play major roles in insecticide
resistance by facilitating reductive
dehydrochlorination of insecticides or conjugating them
with GSH to produce water-soluble metabolites that are
easily excreted. They are also implicated in protection
against cellular damage by oxidative stress.
Length = 117
Score = 34.0 bits (79), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 15/54 (27%), Positives = 22/54 (40%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 41 IHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLR 94
+ L +E L S Y GD +++AD L+ V DL +P V
Sbjct: 43 LEEALEFLETFLEGS--DYVAGDQLTIADLSLVATVSTLEVVGFDLSKYPNVAA 94
>gnl|CDD|198297 cd03188, GST_C_Beta, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class
Beta Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Class
Beta subfamily; GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins
involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the
conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins,
and products of oxidative stress. The GST fold contains
an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal
alpha helical domain, with an active site located in a
cleft between the two domains. GSH binds to the
N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic substrate
occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain. Unlike
mammalian GSTs which detoxify a broad range of
compounds, the bacterial class Beta GSTs exhibit GSH
conjugating activity with a narrow range of substrates.
In addition to GSH conjugation, they are involved in
the protection against oxidative stress and are able to
bind antibiotics and reduce the antimicrobial activity
of beta-lactam drugs, contributing to antibiotic
resistance. The structure of the Proteus mirabilis
enzyme reveals that the cysteine in the active site
forms a covalent bond with GSH. One member of this
subfamily is a GST from Burkholderia xenovorans LB400
that is encoded by the bphK gene and is part of the
biphenyl catabolic pathway.
Length = 113
Score = 31.4 bits (72), Expect = 0.025
Identities = 19/62 (30%), Positives = 30/62 (48%), Gaps = 2/62 (3%)
Query: 29 GEEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRP 88
E+ + A+ + R L ++ L+ G Y +GD SVAD L + AR +DL
Sbjct: 35 LAEEVKAAARERLERRLAYLDAQLA--GGPYLLGDQFSVADAYLFVVLRWARAVGLDLSD 92
Query: 89 FP 90
+P
Sbjct: 93 WP 94
>gnl|CDD|198324 cd10291, GST_C_YfcG_like, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Escherichia coli YfcG Glutathione S-transferases and
related uncharacterized proteins. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, YfcG-like
subfamily; composed of the Escherichia coli YfcG and
related proteins. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins
involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the
conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins
and products of oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH
peroxidase activity and are involved in the synthesis
of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST active site
is located in a cleft between the N- and C-terminal
domains. GSH binds to the N-terminal domain while the
hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in the
C-terminal domain. YfcG is one of nine GST homologs in
Escherichia coli. It is expressed predominantly during
the late stationary phase where the predominant form of
GSH is glutathionylspermidine (GspSH), suggesting that
YfcG might interact with GspSH. It has very low or no
GSH transferase or peroxidase activity, but displays a
unique disulfide bond reductase activity that is
comparable to thioredoxins (TRXs) and glutaredoxins
(GRXs). However, unlike TRXs and GRXs, YfcG does not
contain a redox active cysteine residue and may use a
bound thiol disulfide couple such as 2GSH/GSSG for
activity. The crystal structure of YcfG reveals a bound
GSSG molecule in its active site. The actual
physiological substrates for YfcG are yet to be
identified.
Length = 110
Score = 30.7 bits (70), Expect = 0.044
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 26/53 (49%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 42 HRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLR 94
R +++ L+ S KY GD+ S+AD + P V +DL FP + R
Sbjct: 46 KRLYGVLDRRLAKS--KYLAGDEYSIADIAIWPWVARHEWQGIDLADFPNLKR 96
>gnl|CDD|198307 cd03198, GST_C_CLIC, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Chloride
Intracellular Channels. Glutathione S-transferase
(GST) C-terminal domain family, Chloride Intracellular
Channel (CLIC) subfamily; composed of CLICs (CLIC1-6 in
vertebrates), p64, parchorin, and similar proteins.
They are auto-inserting, self-assembling intracellular
anion channels involved in a wide variety of functions
including regulated secretion, cell division, and
apoptosis. They can exist in both water-soluble and
membrane-bound states and are found in various vesicles
and membranes, and they may play roles in the
maintenance of these intracellular membranes.
Biochemical studies of the Caenorhabditis elegans
homolog, EXC-4, show that the membrane localization
domain is present in the N-terminal part of the
protein. CLICs display structural plasticity, with
CLIC1 adopting two soluble conformations. The structure
of soluble human CLIC1 reveals that it is monomeric and
adopts a fold similar to GSTs, containing an N-terminal
domain with a thioredoxin fold and a C-terminal alpha
helical domain. Upon oxidation, the N-terminal domain
of CLIC1 undergoes a structural change to form a
non-covalent dimer stabilized by the formation of an
intramolecular disulfide bond between two cysteines
that are far apart in the reduced form. The CLIC1 dimer
bears no similarity to GST dimers. The redox-controlled
structural rearrangement exposes a large hydrophobic
surface, which is masked by dimerization in vitro. In
vivo, this surface may represent the docking interface
of CLIC1 in its membrane-bound state. The two cysteines
in CLIC1 that form the disulfide bond in oxidizing
conditions are essential for dimerization and chloride
channel activity, however, in other subfamily members,
the second cysteine is not conserved.
Length = 119
Score = 30.7 bits (70), Expect = 0.049
Identities = 15/33 (45%), Positives = 23/33 (69%), Gaps = 3/33 (9%)
Query: 45 LRAVEKL---LSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIP 74
L+ + KL LSSS+ K+ GD +++ADC L+P
Sbjct: 35 LKELSKLDAYLSSSSRKFLDGDTLTLADCNLLP 67
>gnl|CDD|198326 cd10293, GST_C_Ure2p, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of fungal
Ure2p Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Ure2p
subfamily; composed of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Ure2p and related fungal proteins. Ure2p is a regulator
for nitrogen catabolism in yeast. It represses the
expression of several gene products involved in the use
of poor nitrogen sources when rich sources are
available. A transmissible conformational change of
Ure2p results in a prion called [Ure3], an inactive,
self-propagating and infectious amyloid. Ure2p displays
a GST fold containing an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold
domain and a C-terminal alpha helical domain. The
N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain is sufficient to
induce the [Ure3] phenotype and is also called the
prion domain of Ure2p. In addition to its role in
nitrogen regulation, Ure2p confers protection to cells
against heavy metal ion and oxidant toxicity, and shows
glutathione (GSH) peroxidase activity. GSTs are
cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular
detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of GSH
with a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic
alkylating agents, including carcinogens, therapeutic
drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative
stress. GSTs also show GSH peroxidase activity and are
involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins and
leukotrienes. The GST active site is located in a cleft
between the N- and C-terminal domains. GSH binds to the
N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic substrate
occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain.
Length = 117
Score = 29.7 bits (67), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 11/34 (32%), Positives = 17/34 (50%)
Query: 41 IHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIP 74
I R L +E L+ + VGD ++AD +P
Sbjct: 45 IRRVLGVLETALAERYRVWLVGDKFTIADLAFVP 78
>gnl|CDD|198316 cd03207, GST_C_8, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of an unknown
subfamily 8 of Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, unknown
subfamily 8; composed of Agrobacterium tumefaciens GST
and other uncharacterized bacterial proteins with
similarity to GSTs. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins
involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the
conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins,
and products of oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH
peroxidase activity and are involved in the synthesis
of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST fold
contains an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain and a
C-terminal alpha helical domain, with an active site
located in a cleft between the two domains. GSH binds
to the N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic
substrate occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain.
The three-dimensional structure of Agrobacterium
tumefaciens GST has been determined but there is no
information on its functional characterization.
Length = 101
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 17/54 (31%), Positives = 24/54 (44%), Gaps = 4/54 (7%)
Query: 45 LRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLR-IDR 97
L A+E L+ Y VG+ S AD L + AR F L +P + + R
Sbjct: 45 LAALEAALA--GRPYLVGERFSAADLLLASVLRWARAFG-LLPEYPALRAYVAR 95
>gnl|CDD|198315 cd03206, GST_C_7, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of an unknown
subfamily 7 of Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, unknown
subfamily 7; composed of uncharacterized proteins with
similarity to GSTs. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins
involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the
conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins,
and products of oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH
peroxidase activity and are involved in the synthesis
of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST fold
contains an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain and a
C-terminal alpha helical domain, with an active site
located in a cleft between the two domains. GSH binds
to the N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic
substrate occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain.
Length = 100
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 18/65 (27%), Positives = 30/65 (46%), Gaps = 3/65 (4%)
Query: 34 REWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVL 93
E A+ HR LR +++ L+ + GD ++AD P + A V L P+P +
Sbjct: 31 PERARAISHRLLRLLDQHLAGR--DWLAGDRPTIADVACYPYIALAPEGGVSLEPYPAIR 88
Query: 94 R-IDR 97
+ R
Sbjct: 89 AWLAR 93
>gnl|CDD|198319 cd03210, GST_C_Pi, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Pi
Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione S-transferase
(GST) C-terminal domain family, Class Pi subfamily;
GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in
cellular detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation
of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous
and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins,
and products of oxidative stress. The GST fold contains
an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal
alpha helical domain, with an active site located in a
cleft between the two domains. GSH binds to the
N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic substrate
occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain. Class Pi
GST is a homodimeric eukaryotic protein. The human
GSTP1 is mainly found in erythrocytes, kidney, placenta
and fetal liver. It is involved in stress responses and
in cellular proliferation pathways as an inhibitor of
JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase). Following oxidative
stress, monomeric GSTP1 dissociates from JNK and
dimerizes, losing its ability to bind JNK and causing
an increase in JNK activity, thereby promoting
apoptosis. GSTP1 is expressed in various tumors and is
the predominant GST in a wide range of cancer cells. It
has been implicated in the development of
multidrug-resistant tumors.
Length = 126
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.24
Identities = 19/50 (38%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 10/50 (20%)
Query: 49 EKLLSSSAGK-YCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRP-----FPIV 92
EKLL+ + GK + VGD IS AD L + H+ L P FP++
Sbjct: 48 EKLLAKNNGKGFIVGDKISFADYNLFDLLDI----HLVLAPGCLDAFPLL 93
>gnl|CDD|180434 PRK06158, PRK06158, thiolase; Provisional.
Length = 384
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 0.33
Identities = 14/43 (32%), Positives = 22/43 (51%), Gaps = 7/43 (16%)
Query: 34 REWAQ---HWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLI 73
R+WAQ R ++ +L++ V D +SV DCCL+
Sbjct: 170 RQWAQLNPEAFMRDPLTIDDVLAARM----VSDPLSVRDCCLV 208
>gnl|CDD|225164 COG2255, RuvB, Holliday junction resolvasome, helicase subunit [DNA
replication, recombination, and repair].
Length = 332
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.41
Identities = 16/52 (30%), Positives = 26/52 (50%), Gaps = 8/52 (15%)
Query: 41 IHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIV 92
IHR AVE++L + + + DI +I + AR +DL PF ++
Sbjct: 112 IHRLSPAVEEVLYPAMEDFRL--DI------IIGKGPAARSIRLDLPPFTLI 155
>gnl|CDD|198332 cd10299, GST_C_CLIC3, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Chloride
Intracellular Channel 3. Glutathione S-transferase
(GST) C-terminal domain family, Chloride Intracellular
Channel (CLIC) 3 subfamily; CLICs are auto-inserting,
self-assembling intracellular anion channels involved in
a wide variety of functions including regulated
secretion, cell division, and apoptosis. They can exist
in both water-soluble and membrane-bound states and are
found in various vesicles and membranes, and they may
play roles in the maintenance of these intracellular
membranes. The membrane localization domain is present
in the N-terminal part of the protein. Structures of
soluble CLICs reveal that they adopt a fold similar to
GSTs, containing an N-terminal domain with a thioredoxin
fold and a C-terminal alpha helical domain. CLIC3 is
highly expressed in placental tissues, and may play a
role in fetal development.
Length = 133
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.42
Identities = 15/53 (28%), Positives = 28/53 (52%), Gaps = 3/53 (5%)
Query: 52 LSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPI---VLRIDRELEN 101
LS S ++ GD +++ADC L+P++ + R F I + + R L++
Sbjct: 59 LSESQRRFLDGDALTLADCNLLPKLHIVKVVCKHYRQFEIPAELKGVTRYLDS 111
>gnl|CDD|226041 COG3510, CmcI, Cephalosporin hydroxylase [Defense mechanisms].
Length = 237
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.78
Identities = 21/63 (33%), Positives = 27/63 (42%), Gaps = 7/63 (11%)
Query: 45 LRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVAD--CCLIPQVFNA---RRFHVDLRPFPIVLRIDREL 99
L+ + LLS AG Y V +D +V D ++P F LR FP ID
Sbjct: 163 LKLLAPLLS--AGDYLVVEDSNVNDLPGPVLPWRFGGGPYEAVEAYLREFPQDYEIDTSR 220
Query: 100 ENH 102
EN
Sbjct: 221 ENK 223
>gnl|CDD|198295 cd03186, GST_C_SspA, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Stringent starvation protein A. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Stringent
starvation protein A (SspA) subfamily; SspA is a RNA
polymerase (RNAP)-associated protein required for the
lytic development of phage P1 and for stationary
phase-induced acid tolerance of E. coli. It is
implicated in survival during nutrient starvation. SspA
adopts the GST fold with an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold
domain and a C-terminal alpha helical domain, but it
does not bind glutathione (GSH) and lacks GST activity.
SspA is highly conserved among gram-negative bacteria.
Related proteins found in Neisseria (called RegF),
Francisella and Vibrio regulate the expression of
virulence factors necessary for pathogenesis.
Length = 108
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.83
Identities = 13/45 (28%), Positives = 25/45 (55%), Gaps = 2/45 (4%)
Query: 30 EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIP 74
+EK+ E A+ + L A+ + ++S Y + ++ S+ DC L P
Sbjct: 30 DEKEAEKARKELRESLTALAPVFAAS--PYFLSEEFSLVDCYLAP 72
>gnl|CDD|143232 cd05755, Ig2_ICAM-1_like, Second immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain
of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1,
CD54) and similar proteins. Ig2_ ICAM-1_like: domain
similar to the second immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain
of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1,
CD54). During the inflammation process, these molecules
recruit leukocytes onto the vascular endothelium before
extravasation to the injured tissues. ICAM-1 may be
involved in organ targeted tumor metastasis. The
interaction of ICAM-1 with leukocyte
function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) plays a part in
leukocyte-endothelial cell recognition. This group also
contains ICAM-2, which also interacts with LFA-1.
Transmigration of immature dendritic cells across
resting endothelium is dependent on the interaction of
ICAM-2 with, yet unidentified, ligand(s) on the
dendritic cells. ICAM-1 has five Ig-like domains and
ICAM-2 has two. ICAM-1 may also act as host receptor
for viruses and parasites.
Length = 100
Score = 27.1 bits (60), Expect = 0.96
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 19/32 (59%), Gaps = 3/32 (9%)
Query: 1 MIGKVREI-CEVIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVGEE 31
+GK + C+V G+ P QNLTV++ G E
Sbjct: 14 PVGKNYTLQCDV--PGVAPRQNLTVVLLRGNE 43
>gnl|CDD|198330 cd10297, GST_C_CLIC5, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Chloride Intracellular Channel 5. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Chloride
Intracellular Channel (CLIC) 5 subfamily; CLICs are
auto-inserting, self-assembling intracellular anion
channels involved in a wide variety of functions
including regulated secretion, cell division, and
apoptosis. They can exist in both water-soluble and
membrane-bound states and are found in various vesicles
and membranes, and they may play roles in the
maintenance of these intracellular membranes. The
membrane localization domain is present in the
N-terminal part of the protein. Structures of soluble
CLICs reveal that they adopt a fold similar to GSTs,
containing an N-terminal domain with a thioredoxin fold
and a C-terminal alpha helical domain. CLIC5 exists in
two alternatively-spliced isoforms, CLIC5A or CLIC5B
(also called p64). It is expressed at high levels in
hair cell stereocilia and is associated with the actin
cytoskeleton and ezrin. A recessive mutation in the
CLIC5 gene in mice led to the lack of coordination and
deafness, due to a defect in the basal region of the
hair bundle causing stereocilia to degrade. CLIC5 is
therefore essential for normal inner ear function.
CLIC5 is also highly expressed in podocytes where it is
colocalized with the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM)
complex. It is essential for foot process integrity,
and for podocyte morphology and function.
Length = 141
Score = 27.2 bits (60), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 9/23 (39%), Positives = 17/23 (73%)
Query: 54 SSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQV 76
S K+ GD++++ADC L+P++
Sbjct: 63 VSNRKFLDGDELTLADCNLLPKL 85
>gnl|CDD|129721 TIGR00635, ruvB, Holliday junction DNA helicase, RuvB subunit. All
proteins in this family for which functions are known
are 5'-3' DNA helicases that, as part of a complex with
RuvA homologs serve as a 5'-3' Holliday junction
helicase. RuvA specifically binds Holliday junctions as
a sandwich of two tetramers and maintains the
configuration of the junction. It forms a complex with
two hexameric rings of RuvB, the subunit that contains
helicase activity. The complex drives ATP-dependent
branch migration of the Holliday junction recombination
intermediate. The endonuclease RuvC resolves junctions
[DNA metabolism, DNA replication, recombination, and
repair].
Length = 305
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 18/52 (34%), Positives = 27/52 (51%), Gaps = 8/52 (15%)
Query: 41 IHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIV 92
IHR AVE+LL + + + DI +I + +AR +DL PF +V
Sbjct: 90 IHRLSPAVEELLYPAMEDFRL--DI------VIGKGPSARSVRLDLPPFTLV 133
>gnl|CDD|166019 PLN02378, PLN02378, glutathione S-transferase DHAR1.
Length = 213
Score = 27.4 bits (60), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 12/52 (23%), Positives = 27/52 (51%)
Query: 27 YVGEEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFN 78
++ + + ++H + L A+E L S G + G+ +S D L P++++
Sbjct: 109 FLKSKDSNDGSEHALLVELEALENHLKSHDGPFIAGERVSAVDLSLAPKLYH 160
>gnl|CDD|173353 PTZ00057, PTZ00057, glutathione s-transferase; Provisional.
Length = 205
Score = 26.9 bits (59), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 16/60 (26%), Positives = 28/60 (46%), Gaps = 9/60 (15%)
Query: 49 EKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFN-----ARRFHVDLRPFPIVLRIDRELENHP 103
E +L + Y VGD+++ AD VFN ++ L+ FP++ + + N P
Sbjct: 136 ENILKKNHCNYFVGDNLTYADLA----VFNLYDDIETKYPNSLKNFPLLKAHNEFISNLP 191
>gnl|CDD|232864 TIGR00187, ribE, riboflavin synthase, alpha subunit. This
protein family consists almost entirely of two
lumazine-binding domains, described in the Lum_binding
model from PFAM. The model generates lower scores
against other proteins that also have two
lumazine-binding domains, including some involved in
bioluminescence.The name ribE was selected, from among
alternatives including ribB and ribC, to match the
usage in EcoCyc [Biosynthesis of cofactors, prosthetic
groups, and carriers, Riboflavin, FMN, and FAD].
Length = 200
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 12/28 (42%), Positives = 14/28 (50%)
Query: 61 VGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRP 88
+GD I+V CL N F VDL P
Sbjct: 38 LGDSIAVNGVCLTVTEINKNHFSVDLSP 65
>gnl|CDD|198288 cd03178, GST_C_Ure2p_like, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Ure2p and related Glutathione S-transferase-like
proteins. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) C-terminal
domain family, Ure2p-like subfamily; composed of the
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ure2p, YfcG and YghU from
Escherichia coli, and related GST-like proteins. Ure2p
is a regulator for nitrogen catabolism in yeast. It
represses the expression of several gene products
involved in the use of poor nitrogen sources when rich
sources are available. A transmissible conformational
change of Ure2p results in a prion called [Ure3], an
inactive, self-propagating and infectious amyloid. Ure2p
displays a GST fold containing an N-terminal
thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal alpha helical
domain. The N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain is
sufficient to induce the [Ure3] phenotype and is also
called the prion domain of Ure2p. In addition to its
role in nitrogen regulation, Ure2p confers protection to
cells against heavy metal ion and oxidant toxicity, and
shows glutathione (GSH) peroxidase activity. YfcG and
YghU are two of the nine GST homologs in the genome of
Escherichia coli. They display very low or no GSH
transferase, but show very good disulfide bond
oxidoreductase activity. YghU also shows modest organic
hydroperoxide reductase activity. GSTs are cytosolic
dimeric proteins involved in cellular detoxification by
catalyzing the conjugation of GSH with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and
products of oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH
peroxidase activity and are involved in the synthesis of
prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST active site is
located in a cleft between the N- and C-terminal
domains. GSH binds to the N-terminal domain while the
hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in the
C-terminal domain.
Length = 110
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 18/63 (28%), Positives = 25/63 (39%), Gaps = 3/63 (4%)
Query: 42 HRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNARRFHV-DLRPFPIVLRIDRELE 100
R ++K LS Y G++ S+AD L P A DL +P V R +
Sbjct: 46 KRLYGVLDKRLSDR--PYLAGEEYSIADIALYPWTHYADLGGFADLSEYPNVKRWLERIA 103
Query: 101 NHP 103
P
Sbjct: 104 ARP 106
>gnl|CDD|237525 PRK13830, PRK13830, conjugal transfer protein TrbE; Provisional.
Length = 818
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 2.4
Identities = 13/46 (28%), Positives = 21/46 (45%), Gaps = 4/46 (8%)
Query: 11 VIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVGEEKKREWAQHWIH-RGLRAVEKLLSSS 55
V ASG + L+ + L E +W HW+ RG+ L ++
Sbjct: 776 VGASGKEDLKRIRAL---HSEHGADWPIHWLQQRGIAHAATLFPAA 818
>gnl|CDD|233050 TIGR00609, recB, exodeoxyribonuclease V, beta subunit. The RecBCD
holoenzyme is a multifunctional nuclease with potent
ATP-dependent exodeoxyribonuclease activity. Ejection of
RecD, as occurs at chi recombinational hotspots,
cripples exonuclease activity in favor of recombinagenic
helicase activity. All proteins in this family for which
functions are known are DNA-DNA helicases that are used
as part of an exonuclease-helicase complex (made up of
RecBCD homologs) that function to generate substrates
for the initiation of recombination and recombinational
repair. This family is based on the phylogenomic
analysis of JA Eisen (1999, Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford
University) [DNA metabolism, DNA replication,
recombination, and repair].
Length = 1087
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 2.4
Identities = 9/29 (31%), Positives = 13/29 (44%)
Query: 31 EKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKY 59
EK RE+ W G+ A+ + L G
Sbjct: 561 EKFREYHDIWRKIGVLAMFQRLMLEKGIG 589
>gnl|CDD|198334 cd10301, GST_C_CLIC6, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Chloride Intracellular Channel 6. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Chloride
Intracellular Channel (CLIC) 6 subfamily; CLICs are
auto-inserting, self-assembling intracellular anion
channels involved in a wide variety of functions
including regulated secretion, cell division, and
apoptosis. They can exist in both water-soluble and
membrane-bound states and are found in various vesicles
and membranes, and they may play roles in the
maintenance of these intracellular membranes. The
membrane localization domain is present in the
N-terminal part of the protein. Structures of soluble
CLICs reveal that they adopt a fold similar to GSTs,
containing an N-terminal domain with a thioredoxin fold
and a C-terminal alpha helical domain. CLIC6 is
expressed predominantly in the stomach, pituitary, and
brain. It interacts with D2-like dopamine receptors
directly and through scaffolding proteins. CLIC6 may be
involved in the regulation of secretion, possibly
through chloride ion transport regulation.
Length = 140
Score = 26.1 bits (57), Expect = 3.1
Identities = 8/25 (32%), Positives = 19/25 (76%)
Query: 52 LSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQV 76
++ S K+ G+++++ADC L+P++
Sbjct: 61 ITVSDRKFLDGNELTLADCNLLPKL 85
>gnl|CDD|198299 cd03190, GST_C_Omega_like, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Class Omega-like Glutathione S-transferases.
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain
family, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Omega-like subfamily;
composed of three Saccharomyces cerevisiae GST
omega-like (Gto) proteins, Gto1p, Gto2p (also known as
Extracellular mutant protein 4 or ECM4p), and Gto3p, as
well as similar uncharacterized proteins from fungi and
bacteria. The three Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gto
proteins are omega-class GSTs with low or no GST
activity against standard substrates, but have
glutaredoxin/thiol oxidoreductase and dehydroascorbate
reductase activity through a single cysteine residue in
the active site. Gto1p is located in the peroxisomes
while Gto2p and Gto3p are cytosolic. The gene encoding
Gto2p, called ECM4, is involved in cell surface
biosynthesis and architecture. S. cerevisiae ECM4
mutants show increased amounts of the cell wall hexose,
N-acetylglucosamine. More recently, global gene
expression analysis shows that ECM4 is upregulated
during genotoxic conditions and together with the
expression profiles of 18 other genes could potentially
differentiate between genotoxic and cytotoxic insults
in yeast.
Length = 142
Score = 26.0 bits (58), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 15/32 (46%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 43 RGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIP 74
L +EK LS Y +GD ++ AD L
Sbjct: 44 EALDKLEKRLSK--QPYLLGDRLTEADIRLFT 73
>gnl|CDD|166036 PLN02395, PLN02395, glutathione S-transferase.
Length = 215
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 25/80 (31%), Positives = 39/80 (48%), Gaps = 10/80 (12%)
Query: 3 GKVREICEVIASGIQP-LQNLTVLIYVG-------EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSS 54
G+V + +V A+ P L NLT+ I +EK + ++ + + L E LS
Sbjct: 93 GQVEQWLDVEATSYHPPLLNLTLHILFASKMGFPADEKVIKESEEKLAKVLDVYEARLSK 152
Query: 55 SAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIP 74
S KY GD +S+AD +P
Sbjct: 153 S--KYLAGDFVSLADLAHLP 170
>gnl|CDD|198310 cd03201, GST_C_DHAR, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Dehydroascorbate Reductase. Glutathione S-transferase
(GST) C-terminal domain family, Dehydroascorbate
Reductase (DHAR) subfamily; composed of plant-specific
DHARs, which are monomeric enzymes catalyzing the
reduction of DHA into ascorbic acid (AsA) using
glutathione as the reductant. DHAR allows plants to
recycle oxidized AsA before it is lost. AsA serves as a
cofactor of violaxanthin de-epoxidase in the
xanthophyll cycle and as an antioxidant in the
detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Because AsA
is the major reductant in plants, DHAR serves to
regulate their redox state. It has been suggested that
a significant portion of DHAR activity is plastidic,
acting to reduce the large amounts of ascorbate
oxidized during hydrogen peroxide scavenging by
ascorbate peroxidase. DHAR contains a conserved
cysteine in its active site and in addition to its
reductase activity, shows thiol transferase activity
similar to glutaredoxins.
Length = 121
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 3.7
Identities = 10/36 (27%), Positives = 22/36 (61%), Gaps = 1/36 (2%)
Query: 45 LRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQVFNAR 80
L A+++ L ++ G + G+ I+ D L P++++ R
Sbjct: 39 LTALDEHLKTN-GPFIAGEKITAVDLSLAPKLYHLR 73
>gnl|CDD|131358 TIGR02305, HpaG-N-term, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation
bifunctional isomerase/decarboxylase, N-terminal
subunit. This model represents one of two
subunits/domains of the bifunctional
isomerase/decarboxylase involved in
4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation. In E. coli and some
other species this enzyme is encoded by a single
polypeptide containing both this domain and the closely
related C-terminal domain (TIGR02303). In other species
such as Pasteurella multocida these domains are found as
two separate proteins (usually as tandem genes).
Together, these domains carry out the decarboxylation of
5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylic acid (OPET) to
2-hydroxy-2,4-diene-1,7-dioate (HHDD) and the subsequent
isomerization to 2-oxohept-3-ene-1,7-dioate (OHED).
Length = 205
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 4.4
Identities = 12/45 (26%), Positives = 18/45 (40%), Gaps = 5/45 (11%)
Query: 10 EVIASGIQPLQNLTVLIYVGEEKKREWAQHWIHRGL-RAVEKLLS 53
EV S I LT+ Y+ + Q L R+ +L+S
Sbjct: 120 EVPLSAIGNPDELTIYTYINGKPA----QSNNTSNLVRSAAQLIS 160
>gnl|CDD|198344 cd10424, GST_C_9, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of an unknown
subfamily 9 of Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, unknown
subfamily 9; composed of uncharacterized proteins with
similarity to GSTs. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins
involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the
conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins,
and products of oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH
peroxidase activity and are involved in the synthesis
of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST fold
contains an N-terminal thioredoxin-fold domain and a
C-terminal alpha helical domain, with an active site
located in a cleft between the two domains. GSH binds
to the N-terminal domain while the hydrophobic
substrate occupies a pocket in the C-terminal domain.
Length = 103
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 4.4
Identities = 10/47 (21%), Positives = 22/47 (46%), Gaps = 2/47 (4%)
Query: 30 EEKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLLSSSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQV 76
+ +E + + RG+ A+ +L + Y G+ ++ADC +
Sbjct: 30 SPEIKEEVRKDLLRGIAALARLARFAP--YVAGETFTLADCAAFVHL 74
>gnl|CDD|198292 cd03183, GST_C_Theta, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class
Theta Glutathione S-transferases. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Class
Theta subfamily; composed of eukaryotic class Theta GSTs
and bacterial dichloromethane (DCM) dehalogenase. GSTs
are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular
detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of
glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous and
xenobiotic alkylating agents, including carcinogens,
therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of
oxidative stress. The GST fold contains an N-terminal
thioredoxin-fold domain and a C-terminal alpha helical
domain, with an active site located in a cleft between
the two domains. GSH binds to the N-terminal domain
while the hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in the
C-terminal domain. Mammalian class Theta GSTs show poor
GSH conjugating activity towards the standard
substrates, CDNB and ethacrynic acid, differentiating
them from other mammalian GSTs. GSTT1-1 shows similar
cataytic activity as bacterial DCM dehalogenase,
catalyzing the GSH-dependent hydrolytic dehalogenation
of dihalomethanes. This is an essential process in
methylotrophic bacteria to enable them to use
chloromethane and DCM as sole carbon and energy sources.
The presence of polymorphisms in human GSTT1-1 and its
relationship to the onset of diseases including cancer
is the subject of many studies. Human GSTT2-2 exhibits a
highly specific sulfatase activity, catalyzing the
cleavage of sulfate ions from aralkyl sufate esters, but
not from the aryl or alkyl sulfate esters.
Length = 126
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 4.9
Identities = 11/39 (28%), Positives = 15/39 (38%), Gaps = 5/39 (12%)
Query: 57 GKYCVGDDISVAD---CCLIPQVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIV 92
+ GD+IS+AD C I Q A P +
Sbjct: 65 KPFLAGDEISIADLSAICEIMQPEAAGY--DVFEGRPKL 101
>gnl|CDD|198333 cd10300, GST_C_CLIC1, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Chloride Intracellular Channel 1. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, Chloride
Intracellular Channel (CLIC) 1 subfamily; CLICs are
auto-inserting, self-assembling intracellular anion
channels involved in a wide variety of functions
including regulated secretion, cell division, and
apoptosis. They can exist in both water-soluble and
membrane-bound states and are found in various vesicles
and membranes, and they may play roles in the
maintenance of these intracellular membranes. The
membrane localization domain is present in the
N-terminal part of the protein. Soluble CLIC1 is
monomeric and adopts a fold similar to GSTs, containing
an N-terminal domain with a thioredoxin fold and a
C-terminal alpha helical domain. Upon oxidation, the
N-terminal domain of CLIC1 undergoes a structural
change to form a non-covalent dimer stabilized by the
formation of an intramolecular disulfide bond between
two cysteines that are far apart in the reduced form.
The CLIC1 dimer bears no similarity to GST dimers. The
redox-controlled structural rearrangement exposes a
large hydrophobic surface, which is masked by
dimerization in vitro. In vivo, this surface may
represent the docking interface of CLIC1 in its
membrane-bound state. The two cysteines in CLIC1 that
form the disulfide bond in oxidizing conditions are
essential for dimerization and chloride channel
activity. CLIC1 is widely expressed in many tissues and
its subcellular localization is dependent on cell type
and cell cycle phase. It acts as a sensor of cell
oxidation and appears to have a role in diseases that
involve oxidative stress including tumorigenic and
neurodegenerative diseases.
Length = 139
Score = 24.9 bits (54), Expect = 6.9
Identities = 8/23 (34%), Positives = 17/23 (73%)
Query: 54 SSAGKYCVGDDISVADCCLIPQV 76
S K+ G+++++ADC L+P++
Sbjct: 63 VSQRKFLDGNELTLADCNLLPKL 85
>gnl|CDD|198325 cd10292, GST_C_YghU_like, C-terminal, alpha helical domain of
Escherichia coli Yghu Glutathione S-transferases and
related uncharacterized proteins. Glutathione
S-transferase (GST) C-terminal domain family, YghU-like
subfamily; composed of the Escherichia coli YghU and
related proteins. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins
involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the
conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of
endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including
carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and
products of oxidative stress. GSTs also show GSH
peroxidase activity and are involved in the synthesis of
prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The GST active site is
located in a cleft between the N- and C-terminal
domains. GSH binds to the N-terminal domain while the
hydrophobic substrate occupies a pocket in the
C-terminal domain. YghU is one of nine GST homologs in
the genome of Escherichia coli. It is similar to
Escherichia coli YfcG in that it has poor GSH
transferase activity towards typical substrates. It
shows modest reductase activity towards some organic
hydroperoxides. Like YfcG, YghU also shows good
disulfide bond oxidoreductase activity comparable to the
activities of glutaredoxins and thioredoxins. YghU does
not contain a redox active cysteine residue, and may use
a bound thiol disulfide couple such as 2GSH/GSSG for
activity. The crystal structure of YghU reveals two GSH
molecules bound in its active site.
Length = 118
Score = 24.7 bits (54), Expect = 7.9
Identities = 13/54 (24%), Positives = 26/54 (48%), Gaps = 9/54 (16%)
Query: 58 KYCVGDDISVADCCLIP--------QVFNARRFHVDLRPFPIVLRIDRELENHP 103
KY GD+ ++AD + P +++A F +D+ + V R +++ P
Sbjct: 60 KYLAGDEYTIADMAIWPWYGGLALGSLYDAAEF-LDVDEYKHVQRWAKDIAARP 112
>gnl|CDD|240228 PTZ00010, PTZ00010, tubulin beta chain; Provisional.
Length = 445
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 8.5
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 16/29 (55%), Gaps = 3/29 (10%)
Query: 65 ISVADCCL-IPQVFNA--RRFHVDLRPFP 90
+S CCL P N+ R+ V+L PFP
Sbjct: 233 MSGVTCCLRFPGQLNSDLRKLAVNLVPFP 261
>gnl|CDD|237301 PRK13200, psaA, photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1;
Provisional.
Length = 766
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 9.4
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 20/48 (41%), Gaps = 5/48 (10%)
Query: 36 WAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLL-SSSAGKYCVGDD---ISVADCCLIPQVFNA 79
WA H IH L KLL + AG V D + AD L + +
Sbjct: 212 WAGHLIHVSL-PTNKLLDAIDAGSPLVLDGKTIAAAADIPLPHEFLDP 258
>gnl|CDD|215272 PLN02492, PLN02492, ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase.
Length = 324
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 9.7
Identities = 8/22 (36%), Positives = 11/22 (50%)
Query: 31 EKKREWAQHWIHRGLRAVEKLL 52
KK +WA WI E+L+
Sbjct: 135 AKKADWALRWIDSSASFAERLV 156
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.326 0.142 0.448
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0703 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 5,381,126
Number of extensions: 442596
Number of successful extensions: 504
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 498
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 49
Length of query: 103
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 69
Effective length of query: 34
Effective length of database: 7,877,176
Effective search space: 267823984
Effective search space used: 267823984
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 15 ( 7.0 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 40 (21.6 bits)
S2: 53 (24.2 bits)