RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy3430
(121 letters)
>gnl|CDD|214840 smart00829, PKS_ER, Enoylreductase. Enoylreductase in Polyketide
synthases.
Length = 287
Score = 147 bits (375), Expect = 2e-45
Identities = 53/122 (43%), Positives = 76/122 (62%), Gaps = 3/122 (2%)
Query: 1 MLASGKLP-PDALPGDLAGQDCVLGLEFSGRDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWE 59
++A G P L G+ AG +G +G G RVMGL + AT V+ D +
Sbjct: 14 LIALGLYPGEAVLGGECAGVVTRVGPGVTGLA-VGDRVMGLAPG-AFATRVVTDARLVVP 71
Query: 60 VPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+P W+ EEA+T+PVV+ TAYY+L+ ++RPGES+L+HA AGG+GQAAI +A H+G V
Sbjct: 72 IPDGWSFEEAATVPVVFLTAYYALVDLARLRPGESVLIHAAAGGVGQAAIQLARHLGAEV 131
Query: 120 YT 121
+
Sbjct: 132 FA 133
>gnl|CDD|176179 cd05195, enoyl_red, enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Putative enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Polyketide synthases produce polyketides in step by step
mechanism that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl
reductase reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin
is one example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex
enzymes (megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase
(ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 293
Score = 138 bits (351), Expect = 9e-42
Identities = 52/118 (44%), Positives = 72/118 (61%), Gaps = 11/118 (9%)
Query: 14 GDLAGQDCVLGLEFSGRDTK----------GRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAK 63
G L G + LGLE SG T+ G RVMGL A + AT V D + ++P
Sbjct: 22 GLLPGDETPLGLECSGIVTRVGSGVTGLKVGDRVMGL-APGAFATHVRVDARLVVKIPDS 80
Query: 64 WTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
+ EEA+T+PV Y TAYY+L+ +++ GES+L+HA AGG+GQAAI +A H+G V+
Sbjct: 81 LSFEEAATLPVAYLTAYYALVDLARLQKGESVLIHAAAGGVGQAAIQLAQHLGAEVFA 138
>gnl|CDD|176203 cd08241, QOR1, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). QOR catalyzes the
conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone +
NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts in the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 101 bits (253), Expect = 6e-27
Identities = 36/108 (33%), Positives = 58/108 (53%), Gaps = 10/108 (9%)
Query: 22 VLGLEFSG----------RDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEAST 71
V G E +G G RV+ L A V+ + ++ +P + EEA+
Sbjct: 60 VPGSEVAGVVEAVGEGVTGFKVGDRVVALTGQGGFAEEVVVPAAAVFPLPDGLSFEEAAA 119
Query: 72 IPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+PV Y TAY++L+ R +++PGE++LV AGG+G AA+ +A +G V
Sbjct: 120 LPVTYGTAYHALVRRARLQPGETVLVLGAAGGVGLAAVQLAKALGARV 167
>gnl|CDD|176180 cd05276, p53_inducible_oxidoreductase, PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase. PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase, a medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family member, acts in the apoptotic pathway. PIG3
reduces ortho-quinones, but its apoptotic activity has
been attributed to oxidative stress generation, since
overexpression of PIG3 accumulates reactive oxygen
species. PIG3 resembles the MDR family member quinone
reductases, which catalyze the reduction of quinone to
hydroxyquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 96.7 bits (242), Expect = 2e-25
Identities = 41/124 (33%), Positives = 59/124 (47%), Gaps = 18/124 (14%)
Query: 8 PPDALPGDLAGQDCVLGLEFSG----------RDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFL 57
PP A +LGLE +G G RV L+A A V+ L
Sbjct: 54 PPGASD--------ILGLEVAGVVVAVGPGVTGWKVGDRVCALLAGGGYAEYVVVPAGQL 105
Query: 58 WEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGC 117
VP +L EA+ +P V+ TA+ +L G ++ GE++L+H GA G+G AAI +A +G
Sbjct: 106 LPVPEGLSLVEAAALPEVFFTAWQNLFQLGGLKAGETVLIHGGASGVGTAAIQLAKALGA 165
Query: 118 TVYT 121
V
Sbjct: 166 RVIA 169
>gnl|CDD|176236 cd08275, MDR3, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 92.3 bits (230), Expect = 1e-23
Identities = 40/102 (39%), Positives = 54/102 (52%), Gaps = 10/102 (9%)
Query: 21 CVLGLEFSG---------RDTK-GRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEAS 70
V G E +G +D K G RVMGL A V ++ +P + EEA+
Sbjct: 58 FVPGFECAGTVEAVGEGVKDFKVGDRVMGLTRFGGYAEVVNVPADQVFPLPDGMSFEEAA 117
Query: 71 TIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIA 112
PV Y TAYY+L G +RPG+S+LVH+ AGG+G AA +
Sbjct: 118 AFPVNYLTAYYALFELGNLRPGQSVLVHSAAGGVGLAAGQLC 159
>gnl|CDD|234027 TIGR02824, quinone_pig3, putative NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase,
PIG3 family. Members of this family are putative
quinone oxidoreductases that belong to the broader
superfamily (modeled by Pfam pfam00107) of
zinc-dependent alcohol (of medium chain length)
dehydrogenases and quinone oxiooreductases. The
alignment shows no motif of conserved Cys residues as
are found in zinc-binding members of the superfamily,
and members are likely to be quinone oxidoreductases
instead. A member of this family in Homo sapiens, PIG3,
is induced by p53 but is otherwise uncharacterized
[Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 325
Score = 81.9 bits (203), Expect = 8e-20
Identities = 41/117 (35%), Positives = 61/117 (52%), Gaps = 4/117 (3%)
Query: 8 PPDA--LPG-DLAGQDCVLGLEFSGRDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKW 64
PP A + G ++AG+ +G S R G RV LVA A V + VP
Sbjct: 54 PPGASDILGLEVAGEVVAVGEGVS-RWKVGDRVCALVAGGGYAEYVAVPAGQVLPVPEGL 112
Query: 65 TLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
+L EA+ +P + T + +L RG ++ GE++L+H GA G+G AI +A G V+T
Sbjct: 113 SLVEAAALPETFFTVWSNLFQRGGLKAGETVLIHGGASGIGTTAIQLAKAFGARVFT 169
>gnl|CDD|176228 cd08267, MDR1, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 78.8 bits (195), Expect = 1e-18
Identities = 34/114 (29%), Positives = 57/114 (50%), Gaps = 13/114 (11%)
Query: 21 CVLGLEFSGRDTK----------GRRVMGLVAAR---SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLE 67
+ G++F+G G V G + + +LA V+A S L + P + E
Sbjct: 60 PIPGMDFAGEVVAVGSGVTRFKVGDEVFGRLPPKGGGALAEYVVAPESGLAKKPEGVSFE 119
Query: 68 EASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
EA+ +PV TA +L GK++PG+ +L++ +GG+G A+ IA +G V
Sbjct: 120 EAAALPVAGLTALQALRDAGKVKPGQRVLINGASGGVGTFAVQIAKALGAHVTG 173
>gnl|CDD|173547 PTZ00354, PTZ00354, alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 76.6 bits (189), Expect = 8e-18
Identities = 37/105 (35%), Positives = 55/105 (52%), Gaps = 10/105 (9%)
Query: 22 VLGLEFSG----------RDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEAST 71
+LGLE +G R +G RVM L+ A +A + +P +T EEA+
Sbjct: 61 ILGLEVAGYVEDVGSDVKRFKEGDRVMALLPGGGYAEYAVAHKGHVMHIPQGYTFEEAAA 120
Query: 72 IPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
IP + TA+ L G ++ G+S+L+HAGA G+G AA +A G
Sbjct: 121 IPEAFLTAWQLLKKHGDVKKGQSVLIHAGASGVGTAAAQLAEKYG 165
>gnl|CDD|176233 cd08272, MDR6, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 326
Score = 76.1 bits (188), Expect = 1e-17
Identities = 28/77 (36%), Positives = 45/77 (58%)
Query: 45 SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGL 104
SLA + D L PA ++ EA+ +P+V TA+ L+ R ++ G+++L+H GAGG+
Sbjct: 98 SLAEYAVVDARLLALKPANLSMREAAALPLVGITAWEGLVDRAAVQAGQTVLIHGGAGGV 157
Query: 105 GQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
G A+ +A G VY
Sbjct: 158 GHVAVQLAKAAGARVYA 174
>gnl|CDD|176227 cd08266, Zn_ADH_like1, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group contains proteins related to the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. However, while
the group has structural zinc site characteristic of
these enzymes, it lacks the consensus site for a
catalytic zinc. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 342
Score = 75.0 bits (185), Expect = 3e-17
Identities = 26/62 (41%), Positives = 39/62 (62%)
Query: 60 VPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+P + EEA+ P+ + TA++ L+ R ++RPGE++LVH G+G AAI IA G TV
Sbjct: 135 IPDNLSFEEAAAAPLTFLTAWHMLVTRARLRPGETVLVHGAGSGVGSAAIQIAKLFGATV 194
Query: 120 YT 121
Sbjct: 195 IA 196
>gnl|CDD|223677 COG0604, Qor, NADPH:quinone reductase and related Zn-dependent
oxidoreductases [Energy production and conversion /
General function prediction only].
Length = 326
Score = 74.3 bits (183), Expect = 5e-17
Identities = 36/113 (31%), Positives = 54/113 (47%), Gaps = 13/113 (11%)
Query: 22 VLGLEFSG----------RDTKGRRVMGLVAAR---SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEE 68
+ G E +G G RV L A V+ +L +P + EE
Sbjct: 60 IPGSEAAGVVVAVGSGVTGFKVGDRVAALGGVGRDGGYAEYVVVPADWLVPLPDGLSFEE 119
Query: 69 ASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
A+ +P+ TA+ +L R ++PGE++LVH AGG+G AAI +A +G TV
Sbjct: 120 AAALPLAGLTAWLALFDRAGLKPGETVLVHGAAGGVGSAAIQLAKALGATVVA 172
>gnl|CDD|176178 cd05188, MDR, Medium chain reductase/dehydrogenase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
The medium chain reductase/dehydrogenases
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH) , quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines. Other MDR members have only
a catalytic zinc, and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 271
Score = 72.0 bits (177), Expect = 2e-16
Identities = 30/88 (34%), Positives = 46/88 (52%), Gaps = 1/88 (1%)
Query: 33 KGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPG 92
G ++G A V+ L +P +LEEA+ +P ATAY++L G ++PG
Sbjct: 76 PGGGILGEGLDGGFAEYVVVPADNLVPLPDGLSLEEAALLPEPLATAYHALRRAGVLKPG 135
Query: 93 ESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
+++LV GAGG+G A +A G V
Sbjct: 136 DTVLVL-GAGGVGLLAAQLAKAAGARVI 162
>gnl|CDD|176191 cd05289, MDR_like_2, alcohol dehydrogenase and quinone
reductase-like medium chain degydrogenases/reductases.
Members identified as zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases and quinone oxidoreductase. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 309
Score = 67.2 bits (165), Expect = 2e-14
Identities = 30/113 (26%), Positives = 51/113 (45%), Gaps = 13/113 (11%)
Query: 22 VLGLEFSGR-------DTK---GRRVMGLVAAR---SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEE 68
+ G + +G T G V G+ + A V+ L PA + EE
Sbjct: 62 IPGHDVAGVVVAVGPGVTGFKVGDEVFGMTPFTRGGAYAEYVVVPADELALKPANLSFEE 121
Query: 69 ASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
A+ +P+ TA+ +L G ++ G+++L+H AGG+G A+ +A G V
Sbjct: 122 AAALPLAGLTAWQALFELGGLKAGQTVLIHGAAGGVGSFAVQLAKARGARVIA 174
>gnl|CDD|176213 cd08251, polyketide_synthase, polyketide synthase. Polyketide
synthases produce polyketides in step by step mechanism
that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl reductase
reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin is one
example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex enzymes
(megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 303
Score = 60.9 bits (148), Expect = 3e-12
Identities = 23/74 (31%), Positives = 34/74 (45%), Gaps = 1/74 (1%)
Query: 47 ATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQ 106
AT V + PA + EEA +PVV+ T + R + GE +L+ GG G
Sbjct: 77 ATLVTVPEDQVVRKPASLSFEEACALPVVFLTVIDAF-ARAGLAKGEHILIQTATGGTGL 135
Query: 107 AAISIALHMGCTVY 120
A+ +A G +Y
Sbjct: 136 MAVQLARLKGAEIY 149
>gnl|CDD|176215 cd08253, zeta_crystallin, Zeta-crystallin with NADP-dependent
quinone reductase activity (QOR). Zeta-crystallin is a
eye lens protein with NADP-dependent quinone reductase
activity (QOR). It has been cited as a structural
component in mammalian eyes, but also has homology to
quinone reductases in unrelated species. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 60.3 bits (147), Expect = 7e-12
Identities = 28/94 (29%), Positives = 43/94 (45%), Gaps = 5/94 (5%)
Query: 33 KGRRVM--GLVAARSLATT---VLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRG 87
G RV L R T V+ L +P + E+ + + + TAY +L R
Sbjct: 81 VGDRVWLTNLGWGRRQGTAAEYVVVPADQLVPLPDGVSFEQGAALGIPALTAYRALFHRA 140
Query: 88 KMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
+ GE++LVH G+G +G AA+ +A G V
Sbjct: 141 GAKAGETVLVHGGSGAVGHAAVQLARWAGARVIA 174
>gnl|CDD|176211 cd08249, enoyl_reductase_like, enoyl_reductase_like. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 339
Score = 59.1 bits (144), Expect = 2e-11
Identities = 34/136 (25%), Positives = 54/136 (39%), Gaps = 28/136 (20%)
Query: 14 GDLAGQDCVLGLEFSG----------RDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATT--------VLADPS 55
G + +LG +F+G R G RV G V + V+AD
Sbjct: 49 GFIPSYPAILGCDFAGTVVEVGSGVTRFKVGDRVAGFVHGGNPNDPRNGAFQEYVVADAD 108
Query: 56 FLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMR----------PGESLLVHAGAGGLG 105
++P + EEA+T+PV TA +L + + G+ +L+ G+ +G
Sbjct: 109 LTAKIPDNISFEEAATLPVGLVTAALALFQKLGLPLPPPKPSPASKGKPVLIWGGSSSVG 168
Query: 106 QAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
AI +A G V T
Sbjct: 169 TLAIQLAKLAGYKVIT 184
>gnl|CDD|176234 cd08273, MDR8, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 331
Score = 55.3 bits (134), Expect = 4e-10
Identities = 30/87 (34%), Positives = 42/87 (48%)
Query: 34 GRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGE 93
G RV L A + D +L VP EA + + Y TAY L K+ G+
Sbjct: 82 GDRVAALTRVGGNAEYINLDAKYLVPVPEGVDAAEAVCLVLNYVTAYQMLHRAAKVLTGQ 141
Query: 94 SLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
+L+H +GG+GQA + +AL G VY
Sbjct: 142 RVLIHGASGGVGQALLELALLAGAEVY 168
>gnl|CDD|176216 cd08254, hydroxyacyl_CoA_DH, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase,
and other MDR family members. This group contains
enzymes of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
family, including members (aka MDR) identified as
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase and
N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase.
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase
catalyzes the conversion of
6-Hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA and NAD+ to
6-Ketoxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA,NADH, and H+. This
group displays the characteristic catalytic and
structural zinc sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 338
Score = 51.5 bits (124), Expect = 9e-09
Identities = 23/71 (32%), Positives = 37/71 (52%), Gaps = 1/71 (1%)
Query: 50 VLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAI 109
++ L VP +A+ T Y++++ G+++PGE++LV G GGLG A+
Sbjct: 124 IVVPARALVPVPDGVPFAQAAVATDAVLTPYHAVVRAGEVKPGETVLV-IGLGGLGLNAV 182
Query: 110 SIALHMGCTVY 120
IA MG V
Sbjct: 183 QIAKAMGAAVI 193
>gnl|CDD|223992 COG1064, AdhP, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 339
Score = 51.0 bits (123), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 23/74 (31%), Positives = 37/74 (50%), Gaps = 2/74 (2%)
Query: 47 ATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQ 106
A V+ ++ ++P L EA+ + T Y +L + ++PG+ + V GAGGLG
Sbjct: 123 AEYVVVPARYVVKIPEGLDLAEAAPLLCAGITTYRAL-KKANVKPGKWVAVV-GAGGLGH 180
Query: 107 AAISIALHMGCTVY 120
A+ A MG V
Sbjct: 181 MAVQYAKAMGAEVI 194
>gnl|CDD|176229 cd08268, MDR2, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 328
Score = 50.3 bits (121), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 23/59 (38%), Positives = 35/59 (59%)
Query: 61 PAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
P + EA+ + + Y TAY +L+ +RPG+S+L+ A + +G AAI IA G TV
Sbjct: 114 PDGLSFVEAAALWMQYLTAYGALVELAGLRPGDSVLITAASSSVGLAAIQIANAAGATV 172
>gnl|CDD|176232 cd08271, MDR5, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 325
Score = 49.6 bits (119), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 31/113 (27%), Positives = 50/113 (44%), Gaps = 13/113 (11%)
Query: 22 VLGLEFSGRDTK----------GRRVM---GLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEE 68
V G++ +G G RV L S A + D + +P + EE
Sbjct: 59 VPGVDGAGVVVAVGAKVTGWKVGDRVAYHASLARGGSFAEYTVVDARAVLPLPDSLSFEE 118
Query: 69 ASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
A+ +P TAY +L + ++ G ++L+ GAGG+G A+ +A G V T
Sbjct: 119 AAALPCAGLTAYQALFKKLRIEAGRTILITGGAGGVGSFAVQLAKRAGLRVIT 171
>gnl|CDD|176212 cd08250, Mgc45594_like, Mgc45594 gene product and other MDR family
members. Includes Human Mgc45594 gene product of
undetermined function. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 49.6 bits (119), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 22/52 (42%), Positives = 30/52 (57%)
Query: 68 EASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
E + V TA +L G+M+ GE++LV A AGG GQ A+ +A GC V
Sbjct: 116 EVLPLLVSGLTASIALEEVGEMKSGETVLVTAAAGGTGQFAVQLAKLAGCHV 167
>gnl|CDD|176237 cd08276, MDR7, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 336
Score = 48.7 bits (117), Expect = 8e-08
Identities = 25/74 (33%), Positives = 38/74 (51%), Gaps = 1/74 (1%)
Query: 46 LATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLG 105
LA V+ L P + EEA+T+P TA+ +L G ++PG+++LV G GG+
Sbjct: 115 LAEYVVLPEEGLVRAPDHLSFEEAATLPCAGLTAWNALFGLGPLKPGDTVLVQ-GTGGVS 173
Query: 106 QAAISIALHMGCTV 119
A+ A G V
Sbjct: 174 LFALQFAKAAGARV 187
>gnl|CDD|176190 cd05288, PGDH, Prostaglandin dehydrogenases. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 47.9 bits (115), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 18/42 (42%), Positives = 25/42 (59%)
Query: 78 TAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
TAY+ L GK +PGE+++V A AG +G IA +G V
Sbjct: 132 TAYFGLTEIGKPKPGETVVVSAAAGAVGSVVGQIAKLLGARV 173
>gnl|CDD|176208 cd08246, crotonyl_coA_red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. Crotonyl-CoA
reductase, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent conversion of crotonyl-CoA to
butyryl-CoA, a step in (2S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
production for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.
Like enoyl reductase, another enzyme in fatty acid
synthesis, crotonyl-CoA reductase is a member of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 393
Score = 47.4 bits (113), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 25/76 (32%), Positives = 38/76 (50%), Gaps = 9/76 (11%)
Query: 43 ARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVR--GKMRPGESLLVHAG 100
A AT ++ P L + EEA+ +V ATAY L ++PG+++L+
Sbjct: 150 ALVQATQLMPKPKHL-------SWEEAAAYMLVGATAYRMLFGWNPNTVKPGDNVLIWGA 202
Query: 101 AGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
+GGLG AI +A G
Sbjct: 203 SGGLGSMAIQLARAAG 218
>gnl|CDD|225041 COG2130, COG2130, Putative NADP-dependent oxidoreductases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 340
Score = 47.3 bits (113), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 17/42 (40%), Positives = 25/42 (59%)
Query: 78 TAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
TAY+ L+ G+ + GE+++V A AG +G IA GC V
Sbjct: 137 TAYFGLLDIGQPKAGETVVVSAAAGAVGSVVGQIAKLKGCRV 178
>gnl|CDD|176205 cd08243, quinone_oxidoreductase_like_1, Quinone oxidoreductase
(QOR). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 320
Score = 46.8 bits (112), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 29/99 (29%), Positives = 47/99 (47%), Gaps = 6/99 (6%)
Query: 28 SGRDTKGRRV------MGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYY 81
G T G+RV MG S A L ++ + + + E + +P Y TA+
Sbjct: 73 GGTFTPGQRVATAMGGMGRTFDGSYAEYTLVPNEQVYAIDSDLSWAELAALPETYYTAWG 132
Query: 82 SLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
SL ++PG++LL+ G +G AA+ +A +G TV
Sbjct: 133 SLFRSLGLQPGDTLLIRGGTSSVGLAALKLAKALGATVT 171
>gnl|CDD|188164 TIGR01751, crot-CoA-red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. The enzyme
modelled by This model is responsible for the conversion
of crotonyl-CoA reductase to butyryl-CoA. In serine
cycle methylotrophic bacteria this enzyme is involved in
the process of acetyl-CoA to glyoxylate. In other
bacteria the enzyme is used to produce butyrate for
incorporation into polyketides such as tylosin from
Streptomyces fradiae and coronatine from Pseudomonas
syringae.
Length = 398
Score = 46.3 bits (110), Expect = 6e-07
Identities = 25/74 (33%), Positives = 35/74 (47%), Gaps = 2/74 (2%)
Query: 45 SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVR--GKMRPGESLLVHAGAG 102
S A L L P T EEA+ + ATAY L+ ++PG+++L+ AG
Sbjct: 141 SFAEFALVKDYQLMPKPKHLTWEEAACPGLTGATAYRQLVGWNPAAVKPGDNVLIWGAAG 200
Query: 103 GLGQAAISIALHMG 116
GLG A +A G
Sbjct: 201 GLGSYATQLARAGG 214
>gnl|CDD|176231 cd08270, MDR4, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 305
Score = 45.4 bits (108), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 27/80 (33%), Positives = 42/80 (52%), Gaps = 1/80 (1%)
Query: 33 KGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPG 92
G RV+GL A + A V +L +P + +A+T+PV TA +L RG G
Sbjct: 75 VGARVVGLGAMGAWAELVAVPTGWLAVLPDGVSFAQAATLPVAGVTALRAL-RRGGPLLG 133
Query: 93 ESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIA 112
+LV +GG+G+ A+ +A
Sbjct: 134 RRVLVTGASGGVGRFAVQLA 153
>gnl|CDD|176235 cd08274, MDR9, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 350
Score = 45.0 bits (107), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 19/61 (31%), Positives = 33/61 (54%), Gaps = 1/61 (1%)
Query: 60 VPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
V + + E +T P Y+TA +++ R + GE++LV +GG+G A + +A G V
Sbjct: 147 VNSPLSDVELATFPCSYSTAE-NMLERAGVGAGETVLVTGASGGVGSALVQLAKRRGAIV 205
Query: 120 Y 120
Sbjct: 206 I 206
>gnl|CDD|176225 cd08264, Zn_ADH_like2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the medium chain dehydrogenase family.
However, this subgroup does not contain the
characteristic catalytic zinc site. Also, it contains an
atypical structural zinc-binding pattern:
DxxCxxCxxxxxxxC. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 45.0 bits (107), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 24/84 (28%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 1/84 (1%)
Query: 37 VMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLL 96
++G+V+ A ++ L+++P + E A+++PV TAY++L + PGE+++
Sbjct: 109 IIGVVSNGGYAEYIVVPEKNLFKIPDSISDELAASLPVAALTAYHAL-KTAGLGPGETVV 167
Query: 97 VHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
V +G G A+ +A MG V
Sbjct: 168 VFGASGNTGIFAVQLAKMMGAEVI 191
>gnl|CDD|176189 cd05286, QOR2, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). Quinone
oxidoreductase (QOR) and 2-haloacrylate reductase. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. 2-haloacrylate reductase,
a member of this subgroup, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in
organohalogen compounds. Although similar to QOR,
Burkholderia 2-haloacrylate reductase does not act on
the quinones 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 320
Score = 44.7 bits (107), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 27/88 (30%), Positives = 43/88 (48%)
Query: 34 GRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGE 93
G RV + A + S L ++P + E A+ + + TA+Y L ++PG+
Sbjct: 79 GDRVAYAGPPGAYAEYRVVPASRLVKLPDGISDETAAALLLQGLTAHYLLRETYPVKPGD 138
Query: 94 SLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
++LVHA AGG+G A +G TV
Sbjct: 139 TVLVHAAAGGVGLLLTQWAKALGATVIG 166
>gnl|CDD|176221 cd08260, Zn_ADH6, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group has the characteristic
catalytic and structural zinc sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde
to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR),
which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold
of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs
in the cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 345
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 18/44 (40%), Positives = 31/44 (70%), Gaps = 1/44 (2%)
Query: 76 YATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+ATA+ +L+ + +++PGE + VH G GG+G +A+ IA +G V
Sbjct: 150 FATAFRALVHQARVKPGEWVAVH-GCGGVGLSAVMIASALGARV 192
>gnl|CDD|176210 cd08248, RTN4I1, Human Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1. Human
Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 is a member of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/ reductase (MDR) family.
Riticulons are endoplasmic reticulum associated proteins
involved in membrane trafficking and neuroendocrine
secretion. The MDR/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 350
Score = 43.0 bits (102), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 32/117 (27%), Positives = 52/117 (44%), Gaps = 17/117 (14%)
Query: 22 VLGLEFS------GRDTK----GRRVMGLVAAR---SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEE 68
LG + S G K G V G V + A V+ + + + P + EE
Sbjct: 76 TLGRDCSGVVVDIGSGVKSFEIGDEVWGAVPPWSQGTHAEYVVVPENEVSKKPKNLSHEE 135
Query: 69 ASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRP----GESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVYT 121
A+++P TA+ +L+ G + P G+ +L+ G+GG+G AI + G V T
Sbjct: 136 AASLPYAGLTAWSALVNVGGLNPKNAAGKRVLILGGSGGVGTFAIQLLKAWGAHVTT 192
>gnl|CDD|176645 cd05282, ETR_like, 2-enoyl thioester reductase-like. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 323
Score = 41.1 bits (97), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 22/83 (26%), Positives = 41/83 (49%)
Query: 34 GRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGE 93
G+RV+ L + V+A L VP + E+A+ + + TA+ L K+ PG+
Sbjct: 81 GQRVLPLGGEGTWQEYVVAPADDLIPVPDSISDEQAAMLYINPLTAWLMLTEYLKLPPGD 140
Query: 94 SLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
++ +A +G+ I +A +G
Sbjct: 141 WVIQNAANSAVGRMLIQLAKLLG 163
>gnl|CDD|176250 cd08290, ETR, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR). 2-enoyl thioester
reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in
mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 341
Score = 41.1 bits (97), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 21/73 (28%), Positives = 35/73 (47%)
Query: 47 ATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQ 106
T + L +VP E+A+T+ V TAY L K++PG+ ++ + +GQ
Sbjct: 102 RTHAVVPADDLIKVPNDVDPEQAATLSVNPCTAYRLLEDFVKLQPGDWVIQNGANSAVGQ 161
Query: 107 AAISIALHMGCTV 119
A I +A +G
Sbjct: 162 AVIQLAKLLGIKT 174
>gnl|CDD|176214 cd08252, AL_MDR, Arginate lyase and other MDR family members. This
group contains a structure identified as an arginate
lyase. Other members are identified quinone reductases,
alginate lyases, and other proteins related to the
zinc-dependent dehydrogenases/reductases. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 336
Score = 41.0 bits (97), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 19/57 (33%), Positives = 31/57 (54%), Gaps = 5/57 (8%)
Query: 61 PAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRP-----GESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIA 112
P + EA+ +P+ TA+ +L R + G++LL+ GAGG+G AI +A
Sbjct: 114 PKSLSFAEAAALPLTSLTAWEALFDRLGISEDAENEGKTLLIIGGAGGVGSIAIQLA 170
>gnl|CDD|176220 cd08259, Zn_ADH5, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group contains proteins that
share the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine
(His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48), then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 332
Score = 40.8 bits (96), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 21/71 (29%), Positives = 35/71 (49%), Gaps = 1/71 (1%)
Query: 50 VLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAI 109
V L ++P + E A+ V TA ++L R ++ G+++LV GG+G AI
Sbjct: 122 VKVPERSLVKLPDNVSDESAALAACVVGTAVHAL-KRAGVKKGDTVLVTGAGGGVGIHAI 180
Query: 110 SIALHMGCTVY 120
+A +G V
Sbjct: 181 QLAKALGARVI 191
>gnl|CDD|176219 cd08258, Zn_ADH4, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group shares the zinc coordination sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 306
Score = 39.6 bits (93), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 29/86 (33%), Positives = 45/86 (52%), Gaps = 4/86 (4%)
Query: 35 RRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEAS-TIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGE 93
R+ +G A A VL L E+P +LE A+ T P+ A A +++ R +RPG+
Sbjct: 109 RKGIGTQADGGFAEYVLVPEESLHELPENLSLEAAALTEPL--AVAVHAVAERSGIRPGD 166
Query: 94 SLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+++V G G +G A +A G TV
Sbjct: 167 TVVV-FGPGPIGLLAAQVAKLQGATV 191
>gnl|CDD|176224 cd08263, Zn_ADH10, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 367
Score = 38.9 bits (91), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 19/57 (33%), Positives = 30/57 (52%), Gaps = 1/57 (1%)
Query: 60 VPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
+P E++ + TAY +L +RPGE++ V G GG+G +AI +A G
Sbjct: 156 LPESLDYTESAVLGCAGFTAYGALKHAADVRPGETVAV-IGVGGVGSSAIQLAKAFG 211
>gnl|CDD|184316 PRK13771, PRK13771, putative alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 37.7 bits (88), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 22/63 (34%), Positives = 32/63 (50%), Gaps = 1/63 (1%)
Query: 57 LWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
L +VP + E A +P V Y L R ++ GE++LV GG+G AI +A +G
Sbjct: 129 LVKVPPNVSDEGAVIVPCVTGMVYRGL-RRAGVKKGETVLVTGAGGGVGIHAIQVAKALG 187
Query: 117 CTV 119
V
Sbjct: 188 AKV 190
>gnl|CDD|176209 cd08247, AST1_like, AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein associated with
the periplasmic membrane in yeast. This group contains
members identified in targeting of yeast membrane
proteins ATPase. AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein
associated with the periplasmic membrane in yeast,
identified as a multicopy suppressor of pma1 mutants
which cause temperature sensitive growth arrest due to
the inability of ATPase to target to the cell surface.
This family is homologous to the medium chain family of
dehydrogenases and reductases. Medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 352
Score = 37.6 bits (88), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 32/111 (28%), Positives = 48/111 (43%), Gaps = 21/111 (18%)
Query: 23 LGLEFSGRDTK-----------GRRVMGLV-----AARSLATTVLADPSFLWEV----PA 62
LG ++SG K G V G+ +L+ +L DP + P
Sbjct: 62 LGRDYSGVIVKVGSNVASEWKVGDEVCGIYPHPYGGQGTLSQYLLVDPKKDKKSITRKPE 121
Query: 63 KWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMR-PGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIA 112
+LEEA+ P+V TAY L G+ P +LV G+ +G+ AI +A
Sbjct: 122 NISLEEAAAWPLVLGTAYQILEDLGQKLGPDSKVLVLGGSTSVGRFAIQLA 172
>gnl|CDD|176206 cd08244, MDR_enoyl_red, Possible enoyl reductase. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 37.3 bits (87), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 30/88 (34%), Positives = 39/88 (44%), Gaps = 3/88 (3%)
Query: 34 GRRVMGLVAARS--LATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRP 91
GRRV+ A +AD L VP LE A + TA L+ + P
Sbjct: 84 GRRVVAHTGRAGGGYAELAVADVDSLHPVPDGLDLEAAVAVVHDGRTAL-GLLDLATLTP 142
Query: 92 GESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
G+ +LV A AGGLG + +A G TV
Sbjct: 143 GDVVLVTAAAGGLGSLLVQLAKAAGATV 170
>gnl|CDD|176254 cd08294, leukotriene_B4_DH_like, 13-PGR is a bifunctional enzyme
with delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase and leukotriene
B4 12 hydroxydehydrogenase activity. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto- 13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 36.5 bits (85), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 16/43 (37%), Positives = 24/43 (55%)
Query: 77 ATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
TAY+ L+ K + GE+++V+ AG +G IA GC V
Sbjct: 129 LTAYFGLLEICKPKAGETVVVNGAAGAVGSLVGQIAKIKGCKV 171
>gnl|CDD|176217 cd08255, 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl_bacteriochlorophyllide_like,
2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide and
other MDR family members. This subgroup of the medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family has members identified
as 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide A
dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 277
Score = 36.5 bits (85), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 22/86 (25%), Positives = 32/86 (37%), Gaps = 6/86 (6%)
Query: 34 GRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGE 93
G RV A V+ + L +P E A+ + ATA + + R GE
Sbjct: 45 GDRV---FCFGPHAERVVVPANLLVPLPDGLPPERAALTALA-ATALNG-VRDAEPRLGE 99
Query: 94 SLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+ V G G +G A +A G
Sbjct: 100 RVAV-VGLGLVGLLAAQLAKAAGARE 124
>gnl|CDD|176257 cd08297, CAD3, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 34.8 bits (81), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 20/85 (23%), Positives = 40/85 (47%), Gaps = 1/85 (1%)
Query: 35 RRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGES 94
++ G + A +AD ++ +P + E+A+ + T Y +L + ++PG+
Sbjct: 110 QKNSGYTVDGTFAEYAIADARYVTPIPDGLSFEQAAPLLCAGVTVYKAL-KKAGLKPGDW 168
Query: 95 LLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
+++ GGLG + A MG V
Sbjct: 169 VVISGAGGGLGHLGVQYAKAMGLRV 193
>gnl|CDD|176255 cd08295, double_bond_reductase_like, Arabidopsis alkenal double
bond reductase and leukotriene B4
12-hydroxydehydrogenase. This group includes proteins
identified as the Arabidopsis alkenal double bond
reductase and leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase.
The Arabidopsis enzyme, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the reduction
of 7-8-double bond of phenylpropanal substrates as a
plant defense mechanism. Prostaglandins and related
eicosanoids (lipid mediators involved in host defense
and inflamation) are metabolized by the oxidation of the
15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
can be metabolized by LTB4 20-hydroxylase in inflamatory
cells, and in other cells by bifunctional LTB4
12-HD/PGR. These 15-PGDH and related enzymes are members
of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 338
Score = 34.6 bits (80), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 15/42 (35%), Positives = 21/42 (50%)
Query: 78 TAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
TAY K + GE++ V A +G +GQ +A GC V
Sbjct: 138 TAYAGFYEVCKPKKGETVFVSAASGAVGQLVGQLAKLKGCYV 179
>gnl|CDD|176186 cd05283, CAD1, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step of
monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD binds 2
zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family members
are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in yeast where
they have an aldehyde reductase activity. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion
of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc
has a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 33.6 bits (78), Expect = 0.014
Identities = 15/40 (37%), Positives = 21/40 (52%), Gaps = 1/40 (2%)
Query: 81 YSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
YS + R + PG+ + V G GGLG A+ A +G V
Sbjct: 159 YSPLKRNGVGPGKRVGV-VGIGGLGHLAVKFAKALGAEVT 197
>gnl|CDD|181842 PRK09422, PRK09422, ethanol-active
dehydrogenase/acetaldehyde-active reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 338
Score = 33.5 bits (77), Expect = 0.014
Identities = 25/87 (28%), Positives = 42/87 (48%), Gaps = 4/87 (4%)
Query: 28 SGRDTKGRRVM--GLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIV 85
+GR+T R V G +A + + +VP +AS+I T Y ++ V
Sbjct: 98 TGRETLCRSVKNAGYTVDGGMAEQCIVTADYAVKVPEGLDPAQASSITCAGVTTYKAIKV 157
Query: 86 RGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIA 112
++PG+ + ++ GAGGLG A+ A
Sbjct: 158 -SGIKPGQWIAIY-GAGGLGNLALQYA 182
>gnl|CDD|182701 PRK10754, PRK10754, quinone oxidoreductase, NADPH-dependent;
Provisional.
Length = 327
Score = 33.2 bits (76), Expect = 0.018
Identities = 39/126 (30%), Positives = 57/126 (45%), Gaps = 22/126 (17%)
Query: 4 SGKLPPDALPGDLAGQDCVLGLEFSGRDTK----------GRRVM---GLVAARSLATTV 50
SG PP +LP +G LG E +G +K G RV+ + A S V
Sbjct: 49 SGLYPPPSLP---SG----LGTEAAGVVSKVGSGVKHIKVGDRVVYAQSALGAYSSVHNV 101
Query: 51 LADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAIS 110
AD + + +P + E+A+ + T YY L +++P E L HA AGG+G A
Sbjct: 102 PADKAAI--LPDAISFEQAAASFLKGLTVYYLLRKTYEIKPDEQFLFHAAAGGVGLIACQ 159
Query: 111 IALHMG 116
A +G
Sbjct: 160 WAKALG 165
>gnl|CDD|176182 cd05279, Zn_ADH1, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase and related
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48), then the alcohol, which allows the transfer of
a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 33.2 bits (76), Expect = 0.019
Identities = 21/88 (23%), Positives = 37/88 (42%), Gaps = 6/88 (6%)
Query: 32 TKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRP 91
KG+ + + + A + L ++ LE+ I ++T Y + + K+ P
Sbjct: 124 CKGKPIHHFLGTSTFAEYTVVSEISLAKIDPDAPLEKVCLIGCGFSTGYGAAVNTAKVTP 183
Query: 92 GESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
G + V G GG+G + I MGC
Sbjct: 184 GSTCAVF-GLGGVGLSVI-----MGCKA 205
>gnl|CDD|131872 TIGR02825, B4_12hDH, leukotriene B4
12-hydroxydehydrogenase/15-oxo-prostaglandin
13-reductase. Leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase is
an NADP-dependent enzyme of arachidonic acid metabolism,
responsible for converting leukotriene B4 to the much
less active metabolite 12-oxo-leukotriene B4. The BRENDA
database lists leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase as
one of the synonyms of 2-alkenal reductase (EC
1.3.1.74), while 1.3.1.48 is 15-oxoprostaglandin
13-reductase.
Length = 325
Score = 32.7 bits (74), Expect = 0.032
Identities = 23/89 (25%), Positives = 43/89 (48%), Gaps = 13/89 (14%)
Query: 40 LVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYA---------TAYYSLIVRGKMR 90
++A+ + ++D L ++ +W T+P+ A TAY+ L+ ++
Sbjct: 82 VLASPGWTSHSISDGKDLEKLLTEW----PDTLPLSLALGTVGMPGLTAYFGLLEICGVK 137
Query: 91 PGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
GE+++V+A AG +G IA GC V
Sbjct: 138 GGETVMVNAAAGAVGSVVGQIAKLKGCKV 166
>gnl|CDD|176244 cd08284, FDH_like_2, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 2.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs)
are members of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)
is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD
to formate and NADH. The initial step in this process
the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation (and
detoxification) of the adduct to S-formylglutathione.
These tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that resides
between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 344
Score = 32.6 bits (75), Expect = 0.033
Identities = 17/60 (28%), Positives = 31/60 (51%), Gaps = 2/60 (3%)
Query: 57 LWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
L ++P + E A + + T Y+ R ++RPG+++ V G G +G A+ A +G
Sbjct: 134 LLKLPDGLSDEAALLLGDILPTGYFGAK-RAQVRPGDTVAV-IGCGPVGLCAVLSAQVLG 191
>gnl|CDD|223991 COG1063, Tdh, Threonine dehydrogenase and related Zn-dependent
dehydrogenases [Amino acid transport and metabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 350
Score = 32.4 bits (74), Expect = 0.038
Identities = 23/70 (32%), Positives = 35/70 (50%), Gaps = 1/70 (1%)
Query: 50 VLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAI 109
V F EEA+ + ATAY+ R +RPG +++V GAG +G AI
Sbjct: 127 VRVPADFNLAKLPDGIDEEAAALTEPLATAYHGHAERAAVRPGGTVVV-VGAGPIGLLAI 185
Query: 110 SIALHMGCTV 119
++A +G +V
Sbjct: 186 ALAKLLGASV 195
>gnl|CDD|176195 cd08233, butanediol_DH_like, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase.
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, a zinc-dependent
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase, catalyzes the
NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and
meso-butanediol to acetoin. BDH functions as a
homodimer. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Sorbitol and aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding
proteins of the polyol pathway, which interconverts
glucose and fructose. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is
tetrameric and has a single catalytic zinc per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 32.1 bits (74), Expect = 0.051
Identities = 21/74 (28%), Positives = 37/74 (50%), Gaps = 5/74 (6%)
Query: 46 LATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTI-PVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGL 104
A V+ + ++P LEEA+ + P+ A A+++ + R +PG++ LV GAG +
Sbjct: 129 FAEYVVVPAYHVHKLPDNVPLEEAALVEPL--AVAWHA-VRRSGFKPGDTALV-LGAGPI 184
Query: 105 GQAAISIALHMGCT 118
G I G +
Sbjct: 185 GLLTILALKAAGAS 198
>gnl|CDD|176226 cd08265, Zn_ADH3, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
and has the catalytic and structural zinc-binding sites
characteristic of this group. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines. Other MDR members have only a catalytic zinc,
and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 384
Score = 32.1 bits (73), Expect = 0.053
Identities = 18/39 (46%), Positives = 25/39 (64%), Gaps = 2/39 (5%)
Query: 79 AYYSLIVR-GKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
AY L +R G RPG ++V+ GAG +G AAI++A G
Sbjct: 190 AYNGLFIRGGGFRPGAYVVVY-GAGPIGLAAIALAKAAG 227
>gnl|CDD|176181 cd05278, FDH_like, Formaldehyde dehydrogenases. Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (aka ADH3) may be
the ancestral form of alcohol dehydrogenase, which
evolved to detoxify formaldehyde. This CD contains
glutathione dependant FDH, glutathione independent FDH,
and related alcohol dehydrogenases. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas
putida aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 347
Score = 31.9 bits (73), Expect = 0.062
Identities = 14/57 (24%), Positives = 28/57 (49%), Gaps = 2/57 (3%)
Query: 60 VPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
+P E+A + + T ++ ++PG ++ V GAG +G A++ A +G
Sbjct: 137 IPDGLPDEDALMLSDILPTGFHG-AELAGIKPGSTVAV-IGAGPVGLCAVAGARLLG 191
>gnl|CDD|225277 COG2414, COG2414, Aldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase [Energy
production and conversion].
Length = 614
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 11/43 (25%), Positives = 15/43 (34%), Gaps = 2/43 (4%)
Query: 21 CVLGLEFSGRDTKGRRVMGLVAARS--LATTVLADPSFLWEVP 61
V GLE D + + + L A S + EVP
Sbjct: 421 HVKGLEIPAYDPRAGKGLALAYATSPRGGDHLRYWMIGALEVP 463
>gnl|CDD|166155 PLN02514, PLN02514, cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 357
Score = 30.5 bits (69), Expect = 0.18
Identities = 19/70 (27%), Positives = 32/70 (45%), Gaps = 1/70 (1%)
Query: 47 ATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQ 106
A+ ++ D F+ ++P E+A+ + T Y L G + G + G GG+G
Sbjct: 136 ASAMVVDQKFVVKIPEGMAPEQAAPLLCAGVTVYSPLSHFGLKQSGLRGGI-LGLGGVGH 194
Query: 107 AAISIALHMG 116
+ IA MG
Sbjct: 195 MGVKIAKAMG 204
>gnl|CDD|166227 PLN02586, PLN02586, probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 360
Score = 30.2 bits (68), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 21/71 (29%), Positives = 30/71 (42%), Gaps = 1/71 (1%)
Query: 49 TVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAA 108
++ D F+ P L+ + + T Y + G PG+ L V AG GGLG A
Sbjct: 141 MIVVDQHFVLRFPDNLPLDAGAPLLCAGITVYSPMKYYGMTEPGKHLGV-AGLGGLGHVA 199
Query: 109 ISIALHMGCTV 119
+ I G V
Sbjct: 200 VKIGKAFGLKV 210
>gnl|CDD|115977 pfam07354, Sp38, Zona-pellucida-binding protein (Sp38). This
family contains a number of zona-pellucida-binding
proteins that seem to be restricted to mammals. These
are sperm proteins that bind to the 90-kDa family of
zona pellucida glycoproteins in a calcium-dependent
manner. These represent some of the specific molecules
that mediate the first steps of gamete interaction,
allowing fertilisation to occur.
Length = 271
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 0.46
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 18/47 (38%), Gaps = 3/47 (6%)
Query: 45 SLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRP 91
L L DP +LW P TL S+ + T L+++
Sbjct: 4 RLRNKELVDPVYLWIGPNGKTLSGNSSANI---TPTGELVLKDFRES 47
>gnl|CDD|176222 cd08261, Zn_ADH7, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes
various activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.61
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 18/35 (51%), Gaps = 1/35 (2%)
Query: 86 RGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
R + G+++LV GAG +G I +A G V
Sbjct: 154 RAGVTAGDTVLV-VGAGPIGLGVIQVAKARGARVI 187
>gnl|CDD|176202 cd08240, 6_hydroxyhexanoate_dh_like, 6-hydroxyhexanoate
dehydrogenase. 6-hydroxyhexanoate dehydrogenase, an
enzyme of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family of medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases
catalyzes the conversion of 6-hydroxyhexanoate and
NAD(+) to 6-oxohexanoate + NADH and H+.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains, at the active site, and coenzyme binding
induces a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme
binding typically precedes and contributes to substrate
binding. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine, the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 350
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.96
Identities = 21/84 (25%), Positives = 35/84 (41%), Gaps = 2/84 (2%)
Query: 33 KGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPG 92
KGR + A V+ S P A+T+ TAY ++ +
Sbjct: 118 KGRALGIFQDGGY-AEYVIVPHSRYLVDPGGLDPALAATLACSGLTAYSAVKKLMPLVAD 176
Query: 93 ESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
E +++ GAGGLG A+++ +G
Sbjct: 177 EPVVI-IGAGGLGLMALALLKALG 199
>gnl|CDD|132245 TIGR03201, dearomat_had, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA
dehydrogenase. Members of this protein family are
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA dehydrogenase, an
enzyme in the anaerobic metabolism of aromatic enzymes
by way of benzoyl-CoA, as seen in Thauera aromatica,
Geobacter metallireducens, and Azoarcus sp. The
experimentally characterized form from T. aromatica uses
only NAD+, not NADP+. Note that Rhodopseudomonas
palustris uses a different pathway to perform a similar
degradation of benzoyl-CoA to 3-hydroxpimelyl-CoA.
Length = 349
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 14/42 (33%), Positives = 22/42 (52%), Gaps = 1/42 (2%)
Query: 78 TAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
T Y V+ ++ G+ L++ GAGG+G + A MG V
Sbjct: 153 TTPYQAAVQAGLKKGD-LVIVIGAGGVGGYMVQTAKAMGAAV 193
>gnl|CDD|176240 cd08279, Zn_ADH_class_III, Class III alcohol dehydrogenase.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs,
Class III ADH) are members of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. Class III ADH are also known as
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH),
which convert aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid
and alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 363
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 11/33 (33%), Positives = 20/33 (60%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 77 ATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAI 109
T +++ ++RPG+++ V G GG+G AI
Sbjct: 168 TTGVGAVVNTARVRPGDTVAV-IGCGGVGLNAI 199
>gnl|CDD|176207 cd08245, CAD, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD) and related
proteins. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD),
members of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes, or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 330
Score = 27.3 bits (61), Expect = 2.4
Identities = 16/40 (40%), Positives = 19/40 (47%), Gaps = 1/40 (2%)
Query: 81 YSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTVY 120
YS + RPGE + V G GGLG A+ A MG
Sbjct: 152 YSALRDAGPRPGERVAV-LGIGGLGHLAVQYARAMGFETV 190
>gnl|CDD|225516 COG2968, COG2968, Uncharacterized conserved protein [Function
unknown].
Length = 243
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 2.6
Identities = 11/35 (31%), Positives = 15/35 (42%)
Query: 32 TKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAKWTL 66
T +V+ L A A LA P+ E+PA
Sbjct: 3 TLKLKVIALAALAGAAALALAAPAQAQELPADPPT 37
>gnl|CDD|164542 CHL00151, preA, prenyl transferase; Reviewed.
Length = 323
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 17/32 (53%), Gaps = 1/32 (3%)
Query: 73 PVVYATAYYSLIVRGK-MRPGESLLVHAGAGG 103
P++YA A + GK +RP LLV GG
Sbjct: 31 PILYAAAKHLFSAGGKRIRPAIVLLVAKATGG 62
>gnl|CDD|176243 cd08283, FDH_like_1, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 1. Members
identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate
and NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 386
Score = 26.7 bits (60), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 14/57 (24%), Positives = 29/57 (50%), Gaps = 2/57 (3%)
Query: 60 VPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
+P + E+A + + T Y++ +++PG+++ V G G +G A A +G
Sbjct: 154 IPDDLSDEKALFLSDILPTGYHA-AELAEVKPGDTVAVW-GCGPVGLFAARSAKLLG 208
>gnl|CDD|223990 COG1062, AdhC, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, class III
[Energy production and conversion].
Length = 366
Score = 26.8 bits (60), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 14/40 (35%), Positives = 22/40 (55%), Gaps = 1/40 (2%)
Query: 78 TAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGC 117
T +++ K+ PG+++ V G GG+G AAI A G
Sbjct: 172 TGIGAVVNTAKVEPGDTVAV-FGLGGVGLAAIQGAKAAGA 210
>gnl|CDD|176239 cd08278, benzyl_alcohol_DH, Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Benzyl
alcohol dehydrogenase is similar to liver alcohol
dehydrogenase, but has some amino acid substitutions
near the active site, which may determine the enzyme's
specificity of oxidizing aromatic substrates. Also
known as aryl-alcohol dehydrogenases, they catalyze the
conversion of an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ to an aromatic
aldehyde + NADH + H+. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 365
Score = 26.7 bits (60), Expect = 3.4
Identities = 16/31 (51%), Positives = 19/31 (61%), Gaps = 1/31 (3%)
Query: 88 KMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCT 118
K RPG S+ V GAG +G AA+ A GCT
Sbjct: 183 KPRPGSSIAV-FGAGAVGLAAVMAAKIAGCT 212
>gnl|CDD|234952 PRK01402, hslO, Hsp33-like chaperonin; Reviewed.
Length = 328
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 3.7
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 15/34 (44%)
Query: 4 SGKLPPDALPGDLAGQDCVLGLEFSGRDTKGRRV 37
+ P D AG D VL + G D +GR V
Sbjct: 1 MAEDAASLGPSDFAGDDAVLPFQVEGLDVRGRAV 34
>gnl|CDD|176258 cd08298, CAD2, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 329
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 3.7
Identities = 19/71 (26%), Positives = 35/71 (49%), Gaps = 2/71 (2%)
Query: 50 VLADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAI 109
++AD F + +P + EEA+ + Y +L ++PG+ L ++ G G A+
Sbjct: 127 MVADERFAYPIPEDYDDEEAAPLLCAGIIGYRAL-KLAGLKPGQRLGLY-GFGASAHLAL 184
Query: 110 SIALHMGCTVY 120
IA + G V+
Sbjct: 185 QIARYQGAEVF 195
>gnl|CDD|221764 pfam12770, CHAT, CHAT domain. These proteins appear to be related
to peptidases in peptidase clan CD that includes the
caspases. This domain has been termed the CHAT domain
for Caspase HetF Associated with Tprs. This family has
been identified as a sister group to the separins.
Length = 282
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 3.9
Identities = 19/69 (27%), Positives = 26/69 (37%), Gaps = 3/69 (4%)
Query: 7 LPPDALP---GDLAGQDCVLGLEFSGRDTKGRRVMGLVAARSLATTVLADPSFLWEVPAK 63
LP +AL G + + S R R + AA L V+ +P FL P
Sbjct: 38 LPFEALYDGEGRYLLERYAISYAPSLRSLTRTRSAAIQAAPVLPLLVVGNPDFLDAPPLP 97
Query: 64 WTLEEASTI 72
+EA I
Sbjct: 98 AVEQEAEAI 106
>gnl|CDD|176200 cd08238, sorbose_phosphate_red, L-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase.
L-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase, a member of the MDR
family, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion of
l-sorbose 1-phosphate to d-glucitol 6-phosphate in the
metabolism of L-sorbose to (also converts d-fructose
1-phosphate to d-mannitol 6-phosphate). The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion
of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc
has a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 410
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 4.0
Identities = 12/41 (29%), Positives = 18/41 (43%)
Query: 76 YATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMG 116
Y R ++PG + + GAG +G AI A+H
Sbjct: 160 YHLQPGEYRHRMGIKPGGNTAILGGAGPMGLMAIDYAIHGP 200
>gnl|CDD|179334 PRK01770, PRK01770, sec-independent translocase; Provisional.
Length = 171
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 4.4
Identities = 10/17 (58%), Positives = 12/17 (70%), Gaps = 1/17 (5%)
Query: 35 RRVMGLV-AARSLATTV 50
+ V G + A RSLATTV
Sbjct: 30 KTVAGWIRALRSLATTV 46
>gnl|CDD|236773 PRK10838, spr, outer membrane lipoprotein; Provisional.
Length = 190
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 4.6
Identities = 8/20 (40%), Positives = 13/20 (65%)
Query: 84 IVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGG 103
+ R K+R G+ +L AG+ G
Sbjct: 124 VSRSKLRTGDLVLFRAGSTG 143
>gnl|CDD|234024 TIGR02817, adh_fam_1, zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenase family
protein. Members of this model form a distinct subset
of the larger family of oxidoreductases that includes
zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenases and NADPH:quinone
reductases (pfam00107). While some current members of
this family carry designations as putative alginate
lyase, it seems no sequence with a direct
characterization as such is detected by this model
[Energy metabolism, Fermentation].
Length = 336
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 5.0
Identities = 17/57 (29%), Positives = 26/57 (45%), Gaps = 5/57 (8%)
Query: 61 PAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSL-----IVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIA 112
P + EA+ +P+ TA+ L I +LL+ GAGG+G I +A
Sbjct: 113 PKSLSFAEAAALPLTSITAWELLFDRLGINDPVAGDKRALLIIGGAGGVGSILIQLA 169
>gnl|CDD|240620 cd01619, LDH_like, D-Lactate and related Dehydrogenases,
NAD-binding and catalytic domains. D-Lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyzes the interconversion of
pyruvate and lactate, and is a member of the
2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. LDH is homologous to
D-2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid dehydrogenase (D-HicDH) and
shares the 2 domain structure of formate dehydrogenase.
D-HicDH is a NAD-dependent member of the
hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase family, and shares the
Rossmann fold typical of many NAD binding proteins.
D-HicDH from Lactobacillus casei forms a monomer and
catalyzes the reaction R-CO-COO(-) + NADH + H+ to
R-COH-COO(-) + NAD+. Similar to the structurally
distinct L-HicDH, D-HicDH exhibits low side-chain R
specificity, accepting a wide range of 2-oxocarboxylic
acid side chains. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase
(HGDH) catalyzes the NAD-dependent reduction of
2-oxoglutarate to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate.
Formate/glycerate and related dehydrogenases of the
D-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase superfamily
include groups such as formate dehydrogenase, glycerate
dehydrogenase, L-alanine dehydrogenase, and
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. Despite often low
sequence identity, these proteins typically have a
characteristic arrangement of 2 similar subdomains of
the alpha/beta Rossmann fold NAD+ binding form. The NAD+
binding domain is inserted within the linear sequence of
the mostly N-terminal catalytic domain, which has a
similar domain structure to the internal NAD binding
domain. Structurally, these domains are connected by
extended alpha helices and create a cleft in which NAD
is bound, primarily to the C-terminal portion of the 2nd
(internal) domain.
Length = 323
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 5.5
Identities = 7/20 (35%), Positives = 9/20 (45%)
Query: 100 GAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
G G +G+A A G V
Sbjct: 150 GTGKIGRAVAQRAKGFGMKV 169
>gnl|CDD|237245 PRK12879, PRK12879, 3-oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) synthase III;
Reviewed.
Length = 325
Score = 26.0 bits (58), Expect = 5.5
Identities = 15/40 (37%), Positives = 25/40 (62%), Gaps = 4/40 (10%)
Query: 69 ASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAA 108
A+TIP+ A + +GK++PG++LL++ GL AA
Sbjct: 284 AATIPL----ALDLALEQGKIKPGDTLLLYGFGAGLTWAA 319
>gnl|CDD|213769 TIGR03073, release_rtcB, release factor H-coupled RctB family
protein. Members of this family are related to RctB.
RctB a protein of known structure but unknown function
that often is encoded near RNA cyclase and therefore is
suggested to be a tRNA or mRNA processing enzyme. This
family of RctB-like proteins in encoded upstream of, and
apparently is translationally coupled to, the putative
peptide chain release factor RF-H (TIGR03072), product
of the prfH gene. Note that a large deletion at the
junction between this gene and the prfH gene in
Escherichia coli K-12 marks both as probable pseudogenes
[Protein synthesis, Other].
Length = 356
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 5.5
Identities = 10/13 (76%), Positives = 12/13 (92%)
Query: 95 LLVHAGAGGLGQA 107
LLVH+G+ GLGQA
Sbjct: 154 LLVHSGSRGLGQA 166
>gnl|CDD|176246 cd08286, FDH_like_ADH2, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group is related to formaldehyde dehydrogenase
(FDH), which is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. This family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Another member is identified
as a dihydroxyacetone reductase. Like the zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), tetrameric FDHs
have a catalytic zinc that resides between the catalytic
and NAD(H)binding domains and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. Unlike ADH, where
NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor, NADH in FDH is a tightly
bound redox cofactor (similar to nicotinamide proteins).
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has
a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 6.6
Identities = 20/61 (32%), Positives = 35/61 (57%), Gaps = 2/61 (3%)
Query: 52 ADPSFLWEVPAKWTLEEASTIPVVYATAYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISI 111
AD S L+++P E A + + T Y ++ GK++PG+++ + GAG +G AA+
Sbjct: 128 ADNS-LYKLPEGVDEEAAVMLSDILPTGYECGVLNGKVKPGDTVAI-VGAGPVGLAALLT 185
Query: 112 A 112
A
Sbjct: 186 A 186
>gnl|CDD|181972 PRK09588, PRK09588, hypothetical protein; Reviewed.
Length = 376
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 7.9
Identities = 10/13 (76%), Positives = 12/13 (92%)
Query: 95 LLVHAGAGGLGQA 107
LLVH+G+ GLGQA
Sbjct: 165 LLVHSGSRGLGQA 177
>gnl|CDD|161904 TIGR00507, aroE, shikimate 5-dehydrogenase. This model finds
proteins from prokaryotes and functionally equivalent
domains from larger, multifunctional proteins of fungi
and plants. Below the trusted cutoff of 180, but above
the noise cutoff of 20, are the putative shikimate
dehydrogenases of Thermotoga maritima and Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, and uncharacterized paralogs of shikimate
dehydrogenase from E. coli and H. influenzae. The
related enzyme quinate 5-dehydrogenase scores below the
noise cutoff. A neighbor-joining tree, constructed with
quinate 5-dehydrogenases as the outgroup, shows the
Clamydial homolog as clustering among the shikimate
dehydrogenases, although the sequence is unusual in the
degree of sequence divergence and the presence of an
additional N-terminal domain [Amino acid biosynthesis,
Aromatic amino acid family].
Length = 270
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 9.1
Identities = 12/41 (29%), Positives = 18/41 (43%), Gaps = 1/41 (2%)
Query: 79 AYYSLIVRGKMRPGESLLVHAGAGGLGQAAISIALHMGCTV 119
L +RP +++L+ GAGG +A L C V
Sbjct: 104 LVSDLEQLIPLRPNQNVLI-IGAGGAAKAVALELLKADCNV 143
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.320 0.136 0.410
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0831 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 6,279,279
Number of extensions: 555673
Number of successful extensions: 757
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 724
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 112
Length of query: 121
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 84
Effective length of query: 37
Effective length of database: 7,211,866
Effective search space: 266839042
Effective search space used: 266839042
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.4 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.8 bits)
S2: 53 (24.0 bits)