RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy3511
(91 letters)
>gnl|CDD|176233 cd08272, MDR6, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 326
Score = 102 bits (257), Expect = 4e-28
Identities = 39/82 (47%), Positives = 54/82 (65%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A+ + +G P V EL V +P P +VLV+V A+G+NP++T IR G P LPA
Sbjct: 1 MKALVLESFGGPEVFELREVPRPQP-GPGQVLVRVHASGVNPLDTKIRRGGAAARPPLPA 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
ILG +V+G+VE VG+GV F+V
Sbjct: 60 ILGCDVAGVVEAVGEGVTRFRV 81
>gnl|CDD|223677 COG0604, Qor, NADPH:quinone reductase and related Zn-dependent
oxidoreductases [Energy production and conversion /
General function prediction only].
Length = 326
Score = 94.7 bits (236), Expect = 5e-25
Identities = 37/82 (45%), Positives = 51/82 (62%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M AV + +G P VL++ V +P P EVLV+V AAG+NP++ +R G P + LP
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVVEEFGGPEVLKVVEVPEPEPG-PGEVLVRVKAAGVNPIDVLVRQGLAPPVRPLPF 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
I G+E +G+V VG GV FKV
Sbjct: 60 IPGSEAAGVVVAVGSGVTGFKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176191 cd05289, MDR_like_2, alcohol dehydrogenase and quinone
reductase-like medium chain degydrogenases/reductases.
Members identified as zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases and quinone oxidoreductase. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent
single electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG
motif after the first mononucleotide contact half
allows the close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH
backbone. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. In human
ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the
alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the
ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows
the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 309
Score = 93.4 bits (233), Expect = 1e-24
Identities = 41/84 (48%), Positives = 48/84 (57%), Gaps = 3/84 (3%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLP--DL 58
M AV+ +G P VLEL V P P EVLVKV AAG+NPV+ IR G L
Sbjct: 1 MKAVRIHEYGGPEVLELADVPTPEP-GPGEVLVKVHAAGVNPVDLKIREGLLKAAFPLTL 59
Query: 59 PAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
P I G +V+G+V VG GV FKV
Sbjct: 60 PLIPGHDVAGVVVAVGPGVTGFKV 83
>gnl|CDD|176203 cd08241, QOR1, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). QOR catalyzes the
conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone +
NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts in the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 91.4 bits (228), Expect = 8e-24
Identities = 37/82 (45%), Positives = 48/82 (58%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M AV CK G P L L V P P EV ++V AAG+N + + G+Y P LP
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVCKELGGPEDLVLEEVP-PEPGAPGEVRIRVEAAGVNFPDLLMIQGKYQVKPPLPF 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ G+EV+G+VE VG+GV FKV
Sbjct: 60 VPGSEVAGVVEAVGEGVTGFKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176215 cd08253, zeta_crystallin, Zeta-crystallin with NADP-dependent
quinone reductase activity (QOR). Zeta-crystallin is a
eye lens protein with NADP-dependent quinone reductase
activity (QOR). It has been cited as a structural
component in mammalian eyes, but also has homology to
quinone reductases in unrelated species. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
acts in the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent
single electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. Alcohol dehydrogenase in
the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 90.0 bits (224), Expect = 3e-23
Identities = 40/82 (48%), Positives = 55/82 (67%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A++ +G P VL L + P P EVLV+V A+G+NPV+TYIR+G YP LP LP
Sbjct: 1 MRAIRYHEFGAPDVLRLGDLPVPTPG-PGEVLVRVHASGVNPVDTYIRAGAYPGLPPLPY 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ G++ +G+VE VG+GV KV
Sbjct: 60 VPGSDGAGVVEAVGEGVDGLKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176189 cd05286, QOR2, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). Quinone
oxidoreductase (QOR) and 2-haloacrylate reductase. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent
single electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. 2-haloacrylate reductase,
a member of this subgroup, catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of a carbon-carbon double
bond in organohalogen compounds. Although similar to
QOR, Burkholderia 2-haloacrylate reductase does not act
on the quinones 1,4-benzoquinone and
1,4-naphthoquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which have a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in
a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
NAD(H)-binding region is comprised of 2 structurally
similar halves, each of which contacts a
mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 320
Score = 89.4 bits (223), Expect = 3e-23
Identities = 40/82 (48%), Positives = 50/82 (60%), Gaps = 7/82 (8%)
Query: 3 AVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVD--KPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
AV+ + G P VLE V +PGP EVLV+ A G+N ++TY RSG YP LP
Sbjct: 2 AVRIHKTGGPEVLEYEDVPVPEPGP---GEVLVRNTAIGVNFIDTYFRSGLYP--LPLPF 56
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+LG E +G+VE VG GV FKV
Sbjct: 57 VLGVEGAGVVEAVGPGVTGFKV 78
>gnl|CDD|176180 cd05276, p53_inducible_oxidoreductase, PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase. PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase, a medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family member, acts in the apoptotic pathway. PIG3
reduces ortho-quinones, but its apoptotic activity has
been attributed to oxidative stress generation, since
overexpression of PIG3 accumulates reactive oxygen
species. PIG3 resembles the MDR family member quinone
reductases, which catalyze the reduction of quinone to
hydroxyquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 83.6 bits (208), Expect = 7e-21
Identities = 39/82 (47%), Positives = 47/82 (57%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A+ K G P VLEL V KP P EVL++V AAG+N + R G YP P
Sbjct: 1 MKAIVIKEPGGPEVLELGEVPKPAPG-PGEVLIRVAAAGVNRADLLQRQGLYPPPPGASD 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
ILG EV+G+V VG GV +KV
Sbjct: 60 ILGLEVAGVVVAVGPGVTGWKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176229 cd08268, MDR2, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 328
Score = 82.3 bits (204), Expect = 2e-20
Identities = 35/84 (41%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVD--KPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDL 58
M AV+ ++G P VL + + PG EVL++V A G+N + R G Y P L
Sbjct: 1 MRAVRFHQFGGPEVLRIEELPVPAPGA---GEVLIRVEAIGLNRADAMFRRGAYIEPPPL 57
Query: 59 PAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
PA LG E +G+VE VG GV F V
Sbjct: 58 PARLGYEAAGVVEAVGAGVTGFAV 81
>gnl|CDD|176228 cd08267, MDR1, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 80.0 bits (198), Expect = 1e-19
Identities = 37/83 (44%), Positives = 44/83 (53%), Gaps = 5/83 (6%)
Query: 4 VQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGP-CLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDL---P 59
V R+G P VL L V+ P P EVLVKV AA +NPV+ +R G P L P
Sbjct: 1 VVYTRYGSPEVLLLLEVEVPIPTPKPGEVLVKVHAASVNPVDWKLRRG-PPKLLLGRPFP 59
Query: 60 AILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
I G + +G V VG GV FKV
Sbjct: 60 PIPGMDFAGEVVAVGSGVTRFKV 82
>gnl|CDD|176236 cd08275, MDR3, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 76.1 bits (188), Expect = 4e-18
Identities = 31/80 (38%), Positives = 41/80 (51%), Gaps = 1/80 (1%)
Query: 3 AVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAIL 62
AV +G L++ P P EV V+V A G+N + R G Y + P P +
Sbjct: 2 AVVLTGFGGLDKLKVEKEALPEP-SSGEVRVRVEACGLNFADLMARQGLYDSAPKPPFVP 60
Query: 63 GTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
G E +G VE VG+GVK FKV
Sbjct: 61 GFECAGTVEAVGEGVKDFKV 80
>gnl|CDD|176211 cd08249, enoyl_reductase_like, enoyl_reductase_like. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic
domain has a distant homology to GroES. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding
induces a conformational closing of this cleft.
Coenzyme binding typically precedes and contributes to
substrate binding. Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester
reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in mitochondrial
fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms homodimers with each
subunit containing a nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold
domain and a catalytic domain.
Length = 339
Score = 75.3 bits (186), Expect = 9e-18
Identities = 32/71 (45%), Positives = 40/71 (56%), Gaps = 3/71 (4%)
Query: 12 PRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVE 71
+L + V P P DEVLVKV A +NPV+ + Y +P PAILG + +G V
Sbjct: 11 GGLLVVVDVPVPKP-GPDEVLVKVKAVALNPVDWKHQD--YGFIPSYPAILGCDFAGTVV 67
Query: 72 EVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVG GV FKV
Sbjct: 68 EVGSGVTRFKV 78
>gnl|CDD|234027 TIGR02824, quinone_pig3, putative NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase,
PIG3 family. Members of this family are putative
quinone oxidoreductases that belong to the broader
superfamily (modeled by Pfam pfam00107) of
zinc-dependent alcohol (of medium chain length)
dehydrogenases and quinone oxiooreductases. The
alignment shows no motif of conserved Cys residues as
are found in zinc-binding members of the superfamily,
and members are likely to be quinone oxidoreductases
instead. A member of this family in Homo sapiens, PIG3,
is induced by p53 but is otherwise uncharacterized
[Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
Length = 325
Score = 75.0 bits (185), Expect = 1e-17
Identities = 36/82 (43%), Positives = 47/82 (57%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A++ G P VL L V P P EVL++V AAG+N + R+G+YP P
Sbjct: 1 MKAIEITEPGGPEVLVLVEVPLPVPK-AGEVLIRVAAAGVNRPDLLQRAGKYPPPPGASD 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
ILG EV+G V VG+GV +KV
Sbjct: 60 ILGLEVAGEVVAVGEGVSRWKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176227 cd08266, Zn_ADH_like1, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group contains proteins related to the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. However, while
the group has structural zinc site characteristic of
these enzymes, it lacks the consensus site for a
catalytic zinc. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in
the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 342
Score = 74.6 bits (184), Expect = 2e-17
Identities = 35/87 (40%), Positives = 49/87 (56%), Gaps = 1/87 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M AV + G P VLE + +P P DEVLV+V AA +N ++ ++R G LP
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVIRGHGGPEVLEYGDLPEPEP-GPDEVLVRVKAAALNHLDLWVRRGMPGIKLPLPH 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIVR 87
ILG++ +G+VE VG GV + K V
Sbjct: 60 ILGSDGAGVVEAVGPGVTNVKPGQRVV 86
>gnl|CDD|182701 PRK10754, PRK10754, quinone oxidoreductase, NADPH-dependent;
Provisional.
Length = 327
Score = 74.0 bits (182), Expect = 2e-17
Identities = 37/73 (50%), Positives = 47/73 (64%), Gaps = 2/73 (2%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G P VL+ P ++EV V+ A GIN ++TYIRSG YP P LP+ LGTE +G+
Sbjct: 11 GGPEVLQAVEFTPADPA-ENEVQVENKAIGINYIDTYIRSGLYPP-PSLPSGLGTEAAGV 68
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
V +VG GVKH KV
Sbjct: 69 VSKVGSGVKHIKV 81
>gnl|CDD|173547 PTZ00354, PTZ00354, alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 73.9 bits (182), Expect = 3e-17
Identities = 38/81 (46%), Positives = 49/81 (60%), Gaps = 1/81 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M AV K +G VL++ KP P ++VL+KV AAG+N +T R G+YP P
Sbjct: 2 MRAVTLKGFGGVDVLKIGESPKPAP-KRNDVLIKVSAAGVNRADTLQRQGKYPPPPGSSE 60
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFK 81
ILG EV+G VE+VG VK FK
Sbjct: 61 ILGLEVAGYVEDVGSDVKRFK 81
>gnl|CDD|176178 cd05188, MDR, Medium chain reductase/dehydrogenase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
The medium chain reductase/dehydrogenases
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) , quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The
active site zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two
cysteines, and a water molecule. The second zinc seems
to play a structural role, affects subunit
interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines. Other MDR members have only a catalytic
zinc, and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 271
Score = 71.2 bits (175), Expect = 1e-16
Identities = 29/53 (54%), Positives = 35/53 (66%)
Query: 30 EVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVLV+V AAG+ + +IR G YP P LP ILG E +G+V EVG GV KV
Sbjct: 1 EVLVRVEAAGLCGTDLHIRRGGYPPPPKLPLILGHEGAGVVVEVGPGVTGVKV 53
>gnl|CDD|176210 cd08248, RTN4I1, Human Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1. Human
Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 is a member of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/ reductase (MDR) family.
Riticulons are endoplasmic reticulum associated
proteins involved in membrane trafficking and
neuroendocrine secretion. The MDR/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES.
Length = 350
Score = 69.2 bits (170), Expect = 2e-15
Identities = 29/97 (29%), Positives = 45/97 (46%), Gaps = 15/97 (15%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELT-TVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSG--------- 50
M A Q +G L L P ++VL+KV AA +NP++ +RSG
Sbjct: 1 MKAWQIHSYGGIDSLLLLENARIPVIRKPNQVLIKVHAASVNPIDVLMRSGYGRTLLNKK 60
Query: 51 -----QYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ + P LG + SG+V ++G GVK F++
Sbjct: 61 RKPQSCKYSGIEFPLTLGRDCSGVVVDIGSGVKSFEI 97
>gnl|CDD|176187 cd05284, arabinose_DH_like, D-arabinose dehydrogenase. This
group contains arabinose dehydrogenase (AraDH) and
related alcohol dehydrogenases. AraDH is a member of
the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family and
catalyzes the NAD(P)-dependent oxidation of D-arabinose
and other pentoses, the initial step in the metabolism
of d-arabinose into 2-oxoglutarate. Like the alcohol
dehydrogenases, AraDH binds a zinc in the catalytic
cleft as well as a distal structural zinc. AraDH forms
homotetramers as a dimer of dimers. AraDH replaces a
conserved catalytic His with replace with Arg, compared
to the canonical ADH site. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG
motif after the first mononucleotide contact half
allows the close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH
backbone. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. In human
ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the
alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the
ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows
the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 340
Score = 67.6 bits (166), Expect = 5e-15
Identities = 30/84 (35%), Positives = 42/84 (50%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNL--PDL 58
M A + +G+P L L V P P +VLV+V AG+ + ++ G + + L
Sbjct: 1 MKAARLYEYGKP--LRLEDVPVPEPG-PGQVLVRVGGAGVCHSDLHVIDGVWGGILPYKL 57
Query: 59 PAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
P LG E +G VEEVG GV K
Sbjct: 58 PFTLGHENAGWVEEVGSGVDGLKE 81
>gnl|CDD|219758 pfam08240, ADH_N, Alcohol dehydrogenase GroES-like domain. This
is the catalytic domain of alcohol dehydrogenases. Many
of them contain an inserted zinc binding domain. This
domain has a GroES-like structure.
Length = 108
Score = 63.4 bits (155), Expect = 9e-15
Identities = 29/55 (52%), Positives = 35/55 (63%), Gaps = 1/55 (1%)
Query: 28 DDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVLV+V AAGI + +I G+ P + LP ILG E +GIVEEVG GV KV
Sbjct: 1 PGEVLVRVKAAGICGSDLHIYRGEPPPVK-LPLILGHEGAGIVEEVGPGVTGLKV 54
>gnl|CDD|176214 cd08252, AL_MDR, Arginate lyase and other MDR family members.
This group contains a structure identified as an
arginate lyase. Other members are identified quinone
reductases, alginate lyases, and other proteins related
to the zinc-dependent dehydrogenases/reductases. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
acts in the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent
single electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. Alcohol dehydrogenase in
the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 336
Score = 66.4 bits (163), Expect = 1e-14
Identities = 32/72 (44%), Positives = 42/72 (58%), Gaps = 2/72 (2%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIV 70
+P L + KP P D +LV+V A +NPV+T +R+G P P P ILG + SG+V
Sbjct: 14 DPDSLIDIELPKPVPGGRD-LLVRVEAVSVNPVDTKVRAGGAPV-PGQPKILGWDASGVV 71
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKV 82
E VG V FKV
Sbjct: 72 EAVGSEVTLFKV 83
>gnl|CDD|176206 cd08244, MDR_enoyl_red, Possible enoyl reductase. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)
binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters
in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 65.9 bits (161), Expect = 2e-14
Identities = 32/79 (40%), Positives = 46/79 (58%), Gaps = 3/79 (3%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSG--QYPNLPDL 58
M A++ +G P VL V P P +V + V AAG++ V+T +RSG P P+L
Sbjct: 1 MRAIRLHEFGPPEVLVPEDVPDPVPG-PGQVRIAVAAAGVHFVDTQLRSGWGPGPFPPEL 59
Query: 59 PAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGV 77
P + G EV+G+V+ VG GV
Sbjct: 60 PYVPGGEVAGVVDAVGPGV 78
>gnl|CDD|223990 COG1062, AdhC, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, class III
[Energy production and conversion].
Length = 366
Score = 65.7 bits (161), Expect = 2e-14
Identities = 28/73 (38%), Positives = 39/73 (53%), Gaps = 5/73 (6%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P +E +D P EVLV++ A G+ + + SG P PA+LG E +GI
Sbjct: 12 GKPLEIEEVDLDPPRA---GEVLVRITATGVCHTDAHTLSGDDP--EGFPAVLGHEGAGI 66
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
VE VG+GV K
Sbjct: 67 VEAVGEGVTSVKP 79
>gnl|CDD|176196 cd08234, threonine_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase.
L-threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) catalyzes the
zinc-dependent formation of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from
L-threonine, via NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. THD is a
member of the zinc-requiring, medium chain
NAD(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR).
MDRs have a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann
fold of a beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
The N-terminal region typically has an all-beta
catalytic domain. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. Sorbitol and aldose reductase are NAD(+)
binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 334
Score = 65.2 bits (160), Expect = 3e-14
Identities = 28/72 (38%), Positives = 37/72 (51%), Gaps = 3/72 (4%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIV 70
P LE+ V P P DEVL+KV A GI + +I G++ P + G E +G+V
Sbjct: 8 GPGELEVEEVPVPEP-GPDEVLIKVAACGICGTDLHIYEGEFG--AAPPLVPGHEFAGVV 64
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKV 82
VG V FKV
Sbjct: 65 VAVGSKVTGFKV 76
>gnl|CDD|176645 cd05282, ETR_like, 2-enoyl thioester reductase-like. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity
has been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters
in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 323
Score = 65.4 bits (160), Expect = 3e-14
Identities = 34/74 (45%), Positives = 41/74 (55%), Gaps = 1/74 (1%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCL-DDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSG 68
GEP L L V P P EVLV+++AA INP + SG Y + P LPA+ G E G
Sbjct: 7 GEPLPLVLELVSLPIPPPGPGEVLVRMLAAPINPSDLITISGAYGSRPPLPAVPGNEGVG 66
Query: 69 IVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+V EVG GV V
Sbjct: 67 VVVEVGSGVSGLLV 80
>gnl|CDD|176240 cd08279, Zn_ADH_class_III, Class III alcohol dehydrogenase.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases
(FDHs, Class III ADH) are members of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to
formate and NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process
the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation
(and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
Class III ADH are also known as glutathione-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), which convert
aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol.
ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the
first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 363
Score = 64.1 bits (157), Expect = 9e-14
Identities = 31/73 (42%), Positives = 44/73 (60%), Gaps = 5/73 (6%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P +E +D PGP EVLV++ AAG+ + ++ +G P LPA+LG E +G+
Sbjct: 10 GKPLEIEEVELDDPGP---GEVLVRIAAAGLCHSDLHVVTGDLPA--PLPAVLGHEGAGV 64
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
VEEVG GV K
Sbjct: 65 VEEVGPGVTGVKP 77
>gnl|CDD|176222 cd08261, Zn_ADH7, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
includes various activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 63.7 bits (156), Expect = 1e-13
Identities = 34/97 (35%), Positives = 44/97 (45%), Gaps = 27/97 (27%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI-----------NPVETYIRS 49
M A+ C +P LE+ + +P P EVLV+V GI NP +Y
Sbjct: 1 MKALVC---EKPGRLEVVDIPEPVP-GAGEVLVRVKRVGICGSDLHIYHGRNPFASY--- 53
Query: 50 GQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
P ILG E+SG V EVG+GV KV + V
Sbjct: 54 ---------PRILGHELSGEVVEVGEGVAGLKVGDRV 81
>gnl|CDD|176237 cd08276, MDR7, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 336
Score = 62.9 bits (154), Expect = 3e-13
Identities = 29/82 (35%), Positives = 40/82 (48%), Gaps = 1/82 (1%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A + G L+L P P EVLV+V A +N + I +G+YP P
Sbjct: 1 MKAWRLSGGGGLDNLKLVEEPVPEP-GPGEVLVRVHAVSLNYRDLLILNGRYPPPVKDPL 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
I ++ +G V VG+GV FKV
Sbjct: 60 IPLSDGAGEVVAVGEGVTRFKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176220 cd08259, Zn_ADH5, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group contains proteins
that share the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine (His-51), the
ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48), then the alcohol,
which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 332
Score = 62.7 bits (153), Expect = 3e-13
Identities = 33/86 (38%), Positives = 45/86 (52%), Gaps = 4/86 (4%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A + +P L++ V P P EVL+KV AAG+ + G +P P
Sbjct: 1 MKAAILHKPNKP--LQIEEVPDPEPG-PGEVLIKVKAAGVCYRDLLFWKGFFPRG-KYPL 56
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
ILG E+ G VEEVG+GV+ FK + V
Sbjct: 57 ILGHEIVGTVEEVGEGVERFKPGDRV 82
>gnl|CDD|176182 cd05279, Zn_ADH1, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase and related
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion
helps coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation
of a histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48), then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 62.8 bits (153), Expect = 3e-13
Identities = 28/77 (36%), Positives = 40/77 (51%), Gaps = 5/77 (6%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P +E V P EV +KV+A G+ + ++ G+ P LP ILG E +GI
Sbjct: 10 GKPLSIEEIEVAPPKAG---EVRIKVVATGVCHTDLHVIDGKLPTP--LPVILGHEGAGI 64
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
VE +G GV K + V
Sbjct: 65 VESIGPGVTTLKPGDKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176250 cd08290, ETR, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR). 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity
has been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic
domain has a distant homology to GroES. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains, at the active site, and coenzyme binding
induces a conformational closing of this cleft.
Coenzyme binding typically precedes and contributes to
substrate binding. Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester
reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in mitochondrial
fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms homodimers, with each
subunit containing a nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold
domain and a catalytic domain.
Length = 341
Score = 61.9 bits (151), Expect = 6e-13
Identities = 35/87 (40%), Positives = 46/87 (52%), Gaps = 5/87 (5%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEP-RVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLP--- 56
A+ GEP VL+L + + P P +EVLVK++AA INP + G YP P
Sbjct: 1 AKALVYTEHGEPKEVLQLESYEIPPPGPPNEVLVKMLAAPINPADINQIQGVYPIKPPTT 60
Query: 57 -DLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ PA+ G E G V +VG GVK K
Sbjct: 61 PEPPAVGGNEGVGEVVKVGSGVKSLKP 87
>gnl|CDD|176198 cd08236, sugar_DH, NAD(P)-dependent sugar dehydrogenases. This
group contains proteins identified as sorbitol
dehydrogenases and other sugar dehydrogenases of the
medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR),
which includes zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and
related proteins. Sorbitol and aldose reductase are
NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose. Sorbitol
dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single catalytic
zinc per subunit. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones. Related proteins
include threonine dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, and butanediol dehydrogenase. The medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. Horse liver alcohol
dehydrogenase is a dimeric enzyme and each subunit has
two domains. The NAD binding domain is in a Rossmann
fold and the catalytic domain contains a zinc ion to
which substrates bind. There is a cleft between the
domains that closes upon formation of the ternary
complex.
Length = 343
Score = 61.1 bits (149), Expect = 1e-12
Identities = 30/76 (39%), Positives = 36/76 (47%), Gaps = 7/76 (9%)
Query: 9 WGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI--NPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEV 66
P L + KP EVLVKV A GI + + Y+ +G Y P +LG E
Sbjct: 6 LTGPGDLRYEDIPKP-EPGPGEVLVKVKACGICGSDIPRYLGTGAYH----PPLVLGHEF 60
Query: 67 SGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
SG VEEVG GV V
Sbjct: 61 SGTVEEVGSGVDDLAV 76
>gnl|CDD|176225 cd08264, Zn_ADH_like2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the medium chain dehydrogenase
family. However, this subgroup does not contain the
characteristic catalytic zinc site. Also, it contains
an atypical structural zinc-binding pattern:
DxxCxxCxxxxxxxC. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. In human
ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the
alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the
ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows
the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 60.8 bits (148), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 27/68 (39%), Positives = 38/68 (55%), Gaps = 3/68 (4%)
Query: 15 LELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVG 74
L++ V P P EVL++V AG+NPV+ + + P +P I G E +G+VEEVG
Sbjct: 14 LKVEDVKDPKP-GPGEVLIRVKMAGVNPVDYNVINA-VKVKP-MPHIPGAEFAGVVEEVG 70
Query: 75 QGVKHFKV 82
VK K
Sbjct: 71 DHVKGVKK 78
>gnl|CDD|176252 cd08292, ETR_like_2, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 2. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity
has been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains, at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters
in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 60.4 bits (147), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 33/83 (39%), Positives = 48/83 (57%), Gaps = 2/83 (2%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEP-RVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLP 59
M A ++G+P VLE+ V KP P EVLV+ + I+ + + G Y P+LP
Sbjct: 1 MRAAVHTQFGDPADVLEIGEVPKPTPG-AGEVLVRTTLSPIHNHDLWTIRGTYGYKPELP 59
Query: 60 AILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
AI G+E G+V+ VG+GVK +V
Sbjct: 60 AIGGSEAVGVVDAVGEGVKGLQV 82
>gnl|CDD|176239 cd08278, benzyl_alcohol_DH, Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Benzyl
alcohol dehydrogenase is similar to liver alcohol
dehydrogenase, but has some amino acid substitutions
near the active site, which may determine the enzyme's
specificity of oxidizing aromatic substrates. Also
known as aryl-alcohol dehydrogenases, they catalyze the
conversion of an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ to an aromatic
aldehyde + NADH + H+. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 365
Score = 60.6 bits (148), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 32/73 (43%), Positives = 41/73 (56%), Gaps = 5/73 (6%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G P VLE +D P P DEVLV+++A GI + +R G P LPA+LG E +G+
Sbjct: 12 GGPFVLEDVELDDPRP---DEVLVRIVATGICHTDLVVRDGGLP--TPLPAVLGHEGAGV 66
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
VE VG V K
Sbjct: 67 VEAVGSAVTGLKP 79
>gnl|CDD|176232 cd08271, MDR5, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 325
Score = 59.6 bits (145), Expect = 4e-12
Identities = 30/82 (36%), Positives = 41/82 (50%), Gaps = 7/82 (8%)
Query: 6 CKRW-----GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
K W G L L ++ PGP EVLVKV AAG+NPV+ + + P P
Sbjct: 1 MKAWVLPKPGAALQLTLEEIEIPGP-GAGEVLVKVHAAGLNPVDWKVIAWGPPA-WSYPH 58
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ G + +G+V VG V +KV
Sbjct: 59 VPGVDGAGVVVAVGAKVTGWKV 80
>gnl|CDD|223992 COG1064, AdhP, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 339
Score = 59.1 bits (144), Expect = 6e-12
Identities = 33/82 (40%), Positives = 46/82 (56%), Gaps = 4/82 (4%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A K++G+P +E V +PGP EVL+KV A G+ + ++ G +P LP
Sbjct: 4 MKAAVLKKFGQPLEIEEVPVPEPGP---GEVLIKVEACGVCHTDLHVAKGDWPVPK-LPL 59
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
I G E+ G V EVG+GV KV
Sbjct: 60 IPGHEIVGTVVEVGEGVTGLKV 81
>gnl|CDD|176256 cd08296, CAD_like, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD).
Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step
of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD
binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family
members are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in
yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADHs), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 333
Score = 57.3 bits (139), Expect = 3e-11
Identities = 32/82 (39%), Positives = 43/82 (52%), Gaps = 4/82 (4%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
AVQ G P LEL D P P EVL+KV A G+ + +++ G P L P
Sbjct: 1 YKAVQVTEPGGP--LELVERDVPLP-GPGEVLIKVEACGVCHSDAFVKEGAMPGLS-YPR 56
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ G EV G ++ VG+GV +KV
Sbjct: 57 VPGHEVVGRIDAVGEGVSRWKV 78
>gnl|CDD|176197 cd08235, iditol_2_DH_like, L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase. Putative
L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase based on annotation of some
members in this subgroup. L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase
catalyzes the NAD+-dependent conversion of L-iditol to
L-sorbose in fructose and mannose metabolism. This
enzyme is related to sorbitol dehydrogenase, alcohol
dehydrogenase, and other medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductases. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn)-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group
is also called the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase family (MDR) to highlight its
broad range of activities and to distinguish from the
smaller short chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids
vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR
proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)
binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and
an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic domain. The MDR
group contains a host of activities, including the
founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone
reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase,
cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze
the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 343
Score = 56.8 bits (138), Expect = 3e-11
Identities = 31/82 (37%), Positives = 38/82 (46%), Gaps = 5/82 (6%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A P + L V P P EVLVKV A GI + G + + P
Sbjct: 1 MKAA---VLHGPNDVRLEEVPVPEPG-PGEVLVKVRACGICGTDVKKIRGGHTD-LKPPR 55
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
ILG E++G + EVG GV FKV
Sbjct: 56 ILGHEIAGEIVEVGDGVTGFKV 77
>gnl|CDD|176238 cd08277, liver_alcohol_DH_like, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48) , then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the
first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 56.6 bits (137), Expect = 5e-11
Identities = 27/84 (32%), Positives = 38/84 (45%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 3 AVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAIL 62
A G+P V+E V P EV +K++A + + G P IL
Sbjct: 5 AAVAWEAGKPLVIEEIEVAPPKAN---EVRIKMLATSVCHTDILAIEGFKA--TLFPVIL 59
Query: 63 GTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
G E +GIVE VG+GV + K + V
Sbjct: 60 GHEGAGIVESVGEGVTNLKPGDKV 83
>gnl|CDD|176208 cd08246, crotonyl_coA_red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. Crotonyl-CoA
reductase, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent conversion of crotonyl-CoA to
butyryl-CoA, a step in (2S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
production for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.
Like enoyl reductase, another enzyme in fatty acid
synthesis, crotonyl-CoA reductase is a member of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 393
Score = 55.9 bits (135), Expect = 8e-11
Identities = 35/95 (36%), Positives = 49/95 (51%), Gaps = 17/95 (17%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPR---VLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGIN----------PVETYI 47
A++ +R+G+P LE V + GP EVLV VMAAG+N PV T+
Sbjct: 15 AFAIRPERYGDPAQAIQLEDVPVPELGP---GEVLVAVMAAGVNYNNVWAALGEPVSTFA 71
Query: 48 RSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+ I G++ SGIV VG+GVK++KV
Sbjct: 72 ARQRRGRDEPY-HIGGSDASGIVWAVGEGVKNWKV 105
>gnl|CDD|176221 cd08260, Zn_ADH6, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group has the
characteristic catalytic and structural zinc sites of
the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. In human
ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the
alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the
ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows
the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 345
Score = 55.7 bits (135), Expect = 1e-10
Identities = 30/88 (34%), Positives = 42/88 (47%), Gaps = 16/88 (18%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRS------GQYPN 54
M A + +GEP LE+ V P D V+V+V A G+ RS G P
Sbjct: 1 MRAAVYEEFGEP--LEIREVPDP-EPPPDGVVVEVEACGV------CRSDWHGWQGHDP- 50
Query: 55 LPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
LP + G E +G+V EVG+ V ++V
Sbjct: 51 DVTLPHVPGHEFAGVVVEVGEDVSRWRV 78
>gnl|CDD|176179 cd05195, enoyl_red, enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Putative enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Polyketide synthases produce polyketides in step by
step mechanism that is similar to fatty acid synthesis.
Enoyl reductase reduces a double to single bond.
Erythromycin is one example of a polyketide generated
by 3 complex enzymes (megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester
reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity
has been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains, at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 293
Score = 55.3 bits (134), Expect = 1e-10
Identities = 24/54 (44%), Positives = 28/54 (51%), Gaps = 3/54 (5%)
Query: 29 DEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
DEV V+V AAG+N + + G P LG E SGIV VG GV KV
Sbjct: 1 DEVEVEVKAAGLNFRDVLVALGLLP---GDETPLGLECSGIVTRVGSGVTGLKV 51
>gnl|CDD|176257 cd08297, CAD3, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 54.8 bits (133), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 31/82 (37%), Positives = 42/82 (51%), Gaps = 2/82 (2%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A + +GE E+ V P P EVLVK+ A+G+ + + G +P P LP
Sbjct: 1 MKAAVVEEFGEKPY-EVKDVPVPEP-GPGEVLVKLEASGVCHTDLHAALGDWPVKPKLPL 58
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
I G E +G+V VG GV KV
Sbjct: 59 IGGHEGAGVVVAVGPGVSGLKV 80
>gnl|CDD|184316 PRK13771, PRK13771, putative alcohol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 54.3 bits (131), Expect = 3e-10
Identities = 34/88 (38%), Positives = 44/88 (50%), Gaps = 4/88 (4%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M AV + + + V P P DEV++KV AG+ + G YP + P
Sbjct: 1 MKAVILPGFKQG--YRIEEVPDPKPG-KDEVVIKVNYAGLCYRDLLQLQGFYPRM-KYPV 56
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIVRS 88
ILG EV G VEEVG+ VK FK + V S
Sbjct: 57 ILGHEVVGTVEEVGENVKGFKPGDRVAS 84
>gnl|CDD|188164 TIGR01751, crot-CoA-red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. The enzyme
modelled by This model is responsible for the conversion
of crotonyl-CoA reductase to butyryl-CoA. In serine
cycle methylotrophic bacteria this enzyme is involved in
the process of acetyl-CoA to glyoxylate. In other
bacteria the enzyme is used to produce butyrate for
incorporation into polyketides such as tylosin from
Streptomyces fradiae and coronatine from Pseudomonas
syringae.
Length = 398
Score = 53.6 bits (129), Expect = 5e-10
Identities = 38/100 (38%), Positives = 52/100 (52%), Gaps = 18/100 (18%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPR-VLELTTVDKP--GPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGIN----------PVETYI 47
A++ +R G+PR ++L V P GP EVLV VMAAG+N PV T
Sbjct: 10 AFAIREERDGDPRQAIQLEVVPVPELGP---GEVLVAVMAAGVNYNNVWAALGEPVST-F 65
Query: 48 RSGQYPNLPDLP-AILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
+ DLP I+G++ SG+V VG GV +KV + V
Sbjct: 66 AFLRKYGKLDLPFHIIGSDASGVVWRVGPGVTRWKVGDEV 105
>gnl|CDD|176251 cd08291, ETR_like_1, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 1. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity
has been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters
in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 53.8 bits (130), Expect = 5e-10
Identities = 30/82 (36%), Positives = 38/82 (46%), Gaps = 4/82 (4%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRV---LELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPD 57
M A+ + +G+P L L + P P EVL+KV AA INP + GQY +
Sbjct: 1 MKALLLEEYGKPLEVKELSLPEPEVPEPG-PGEVLIKVEAAPINPSDLGFLKGQYGSTKA 59
Query: 58 LPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKH 79
LP G E SG V G G
Sbjct: 60 LPVPPGFEGSGTVVAAGGGPLA 81
>gnl|CDD|176258 cd08298, CAD2, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 329
Score = 53.7 bits (130), Expect = 5e-10
Identities = 37/90 (41%), Positives = 47/90 (52%), Gaps = 8/90 (8%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWG--EPRVLELTTVD--KPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLP 56
M A+ ++ G E L LT V +PGP EVL+KV A G+ + +I G P P
Sbjct: 1 MKAMVLEKPGPIEENPLRLTEVPVPEPGP---GEVLIKVEACGVCRTDLHIVEGDLPP-P 56
Query: 57 DLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
LP I G E+ G VE VG GV F V + V
Sbjct: 57 KLPLIPGHEIVGRVEAVGPGVTRFSVGDRV 86
>gnl|CDD|176216 cd08254, hydroxyacyl_CoA_DH,
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase,
N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase, and other MDR
family members. This group contains enzymes of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase family, including
members (aka MDR) identified as
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase
and N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase.
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase
catalyzes the conversion of
6-Hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA and NAD+ to
6-Ketoxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA,NADH, and H+.
This group displays the characteristic catalytic and
structural zinc sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in
the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 338
Score = 53.0 bits (128), Expect = 9e-10
Identities = 37/86 (43%), Positives = 47/86 (54%), Gaps = 2/86 (2%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A + + G +L L V P P EVLVKV AAG+ + +I G P L LP
Sbjct: 1 MKAWRFHK-GSKGLLVLEEVPVPEP-GPGEVLVKVKAAGVCHSDLHILDGGVPTLTKLPL 58
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
LG E++G V EVG GV +FKV + V
Sbjct: 59 TLGHEIAGTVVEVGAGVTNFKVGDRV 84
>gnl|CDD|176205 cd08243, quinone_oxidoreductase_like_1, Quinone oxidoreductase
(QOR). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 320
Score = 51.1 bits (123), Expect = 4e-09
Identities = 30/84 (35%), Positives = 42/84 (50%), Gaps = 9/84 (10%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A+ ++ G P VL+L + P P VL++V A G+N E + R G P++ P
Sbjct: 1 MKAIVIEQPGGPEVLKLREIPIPEP-KPGWVLIRVKAFGLNRSEIFTRQGHSPSV-KFPR 58
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEE-------VGQGV 77
+LG E G VEE GQ V
Sbjct: 59 VLGIEAVGEVEEAPGGTFTPGQRV 82
>gnl|CDD|176234 cd08273, MDR8, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 331
Score = 51.1 bits (123), Expect = 4e-09
Identities = 31/79 (39%), Positives = 46/79 (58%), Gaps = 1/79 (1%)
Query: 8 RWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVS 67
R G P VL++ D P P EV+VKV A+G++ + +R G YP+ P LP G ++
Sbjct: 8 RRGGPEVLKVVEADLPEPAAG-EVVVKVEASGVSFADVQMRRGLYPDQPPLPFTPGYDLV 66
Query: 68 GIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
G V+ +G GV F+V + V
Sbjct: 67 GRVDALGSGVTGFEVGDRV 85
>gnl|CDD|176226 cd08265, Zn_ADH3, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
and has the catalytic and structural zinc-binding sites
characteristic of this group. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines. Other MDR members have only a catalytic zinc,
and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 384
Score = 50.6 bits (121), Expect = 6e-09
Identities = 30/91 (32%), Positives = 45/91 (49%), Gaps = 14/91 (15%)
Query: 7 KRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI---------NPVETYIRSGQYPNLPD 57
K W P L + V P DE+L++V A GI + YI YP L +
Sbjct: 32 KVWRYPE-LRVEDVPVPNL-KPDEILIRVKACGICGSDIHLYETDKDGYI---LYPGLTE 86
Query: 58 LPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIVRS 88
P ++G E SG+VE+ G+ VK+F+ + V +
Sbjct: 87 FPVVIGHEFSGVVEKTGKNVKNFEKGDPVTA 117
>gnl|CDD|234024 TIGR02817, adh_fam_1, zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenase family
protein. Members of this model form a distinct subset
of the larger family of oxidoreductases that includes
zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenases and NADPH:quinone
reductases (pfam00107). While some current members of
this family carry designations as putative alginate
lyase, it seems no sequence with a direct
characterization as such is detected by this model
[Energy metabolism, Fermentation].
Length = 336
Score = 50.5 bits (121), Expect = 7e-09
Identities = 27/73 (36%), Positives = 38/73 (52%), Gaps = 2/73 (2%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
+P L + KP P D +LV+V A +NPV+T +R+ P P ILG + +G+
Sbjct: 12 TDPDALVDIDLPKPKPGGRD-LLVEVKAISVNPVDTKVRARMAPE-AGQPKILGWDAAGV 69
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
V VG V FK
Sbjct: 70 VVAVGDEVTLFKP 82
>gnl|CDD|188504 TIGR03989, Rxyl_3153, oxidoreductase, Rxyl_3153 family. This
model describes a clade within the family pfam00107 of
zinc-binding dehydrogenases. The family pfam00107
contains class III alcohol dehydrogenases, including
enzymes designated S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
dehydrogenase and NAD/mycothiol-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase. Members of the current family occur only
in species that contain the very small protein
mycofactocin (TIGR03969), a possible cofactor
precursor, and radical SAM protein TIGR03962. We name
this family for Rxyl_3153, where the lone member of the
family co-clusters with these markers in Rubrobacter
xylanophilus [Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown
specificity].
Length = 369
Score = 50.0 bits (120), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 25/73 (34%), Positives = 41/73 (56%), Gaps = 4/73 (5%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P +E +D P EVLVK++A+G+ + ++ +G P +P P + G E +G+
Sbjct: 11 GQPWEVEEIELDDPK---AGEVLVKLVASGLCHSDEHLVTGDLP-MPRYPILGGHEGAGV 66
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
V +VG GV K
Sbjct: 67 VTKVGPGVTGVKP 79
>gnl|CDD|176260 cd08300, alcohol_DH_class_III, class III alcohol dehydrogenases.
Members identified as glutathione-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the zinc
dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family.
FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and
NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the
first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 368
Score = 49.5 bits (119), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 29/77 (37%), Positives = 39/77 (50%), Gaps = 4/77 (5%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P +E V P EV +K++A G+ + Y SG P P ILG E +GI
Sbjct: 12 GKPLSIEEVEVAPPKA---GEVRIKILATGVCHTDAYTLSGADPE-GLFPVILGHEGAGI 67
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
VE VG+GV K + V
Sbjct: 68 VESVGEGVTSVKPGDHV 84
>gnl|CDD|214840 smart00829, PKS_ER, Enoylreductase. Enoylreductase in Polyketide
synthases.
Length = 287
Score = 49.3 bits (119), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 20/50 (40%), Positives = 27/50 (54%), Gaps = 4/50 (8%)
Query: 33 VKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
++V AAG+N + I G YP A+LG E +G+V VG GV V
Sbjct: 1 IEVRAAGLNFRDVLIALGLYPG----EAVLGGECAGVVTRVGPGVTGLAV 46
>gnl|CDD|176195 cd08233, butanediol_DH_like, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol
dehydrogenase. (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, a
zinc-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase,
catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-butanediol to acetoin.
BDH functions as a homodimer. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR)
have a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose reductase
are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway,
which interconverts glucose and fructose. Sorbitol
dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single catalytic
zinc per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 49.5 bits (119), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 31/94 (32%), Positives = 43/94 (45%), Gaps = 18/94 (19%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI----------NPVETYIRSG 50
M A R+ + + + V +P P EV +KV GI P+ +I +
Sbjct: 1 MKAA---RYHGRKDIRVEEVPEP-PVKPGEVKIKVAWCGICGSDLHEYLDGPI--FIPTE 54
Query: 51 QYPNLP--DLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
+P+L P LG E SG+V EVG GV FKV
Sbjct: 55 GHPHLTGETAPVTLGHEFSGVVVEVGSGVTGFKV 88
>gnl|CDD|176219 cd08258, Zn_ADH4, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group shares the zinc coordination sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of an beta-alpha form and an N-terminal
catalytic domain with distant homology to GroES. The
MDR group contains a host of activities, including the
founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone
reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase,
cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze
the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 306
Score = 48.5 bits (116), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 30/72 (41%), Positives = 40/72 (55%), Gaps = 2/72 (2%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIV 70
P +EL V +P P EVL+KV AAGI + +I G Y + P +LG E SG +
Sbjct: 10 GPGNVELREVPEPEPG-PGEVLIKVAAAGICGSDLHIYKGDYDP-VETPVVLGHEFSGTI 67
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVG V+ +KV
Sbjct: 68 VEVGPDVEGWKV 79
>gnl|CDD|176235 cd08274, MDR9, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 350
Score = 48.4 bits (116), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 27/97 (27%), Positives = 34/97 (35%), Gaps = 21/97 (21%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTT-VDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQY------- 52
M AV G L V P P EVL++V A G+N + R G Y
Sbjct: 1 MRAVLLTGHGGLDKLVYRDDVPVPTPA-PGEVLIRVGACGVNNTDINTREGWYSTEVDGA 59
Query: 53 ------------PNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGV 77
P I G ++ G V VG+GV
Sbjct: 60 TDSTGAGEAGWWGGTLSFPRIQGADIVGRVVAVGEGV 96
>gnl|CDD|176241 cd08281, liver_ADH_like1, Zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH) and class III ADG (AKA formaldehyde
dehydrogenase). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes or ketones. This group contains
members identified as zinc dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH), and class III ADG (aka
formaldehyde dehydrogenase, FDH). Alcohol dehydrogenase
in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde
and NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms
ADH catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
Class III ADH are also know as glutathione-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), which convert
aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acid and
alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the
first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 371
Score = 48.1 bits (115), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 30/71 (42%), Positives = 41/71 (57%), Gaps = 5/71 (7%)
Query: 12 PRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVE 71
P V+E +D PGP EVLVK+ AAG+ + + +G P LP LG E +G+V
Sbjct: 20 PLVIEEVELDPPGP---GEVLVKIAAAGLCHSDLSVINGDRPR--PLPMALGHEAAGVVV 74
Query: 72 EVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVG+GV +V
Sbjct: 75 EVGEGVTDLEV 85
>gnl|CDD|176259 cd08299, alcohol_DH_class_I_II_IV, class I, II, IV alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes or ketones. This group includes
alcohol dehydrogenases corresponding to mammalian
classes I, II, IV. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine (His-51), the
ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48) , then the alcohol,
which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 373
Score = 47.7 bits (114), Expect = 8e-08
Identities = 22/52 (42%), Positives = 31/52 (59%), Gaps = 2/52 (3%)
Query: 30 EVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFK 81
EV +K++A GI + ++ SG+ P ILG E +GIVE VG+GV K
Sbjct: 34 EVRIKIVATGICRSDDHVVSGKLVTP--FPVILGHEAAGIVESVGEGVTTVK 83
>gnl|CDD|176212 cd08250, Mgc45594_like, Mgc45594 gene product and other MDR
family members. Includes Human Mgc45594 gene product
of undetermined function. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 46.5 bits (111), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 27/72 (37%), Positives = 33/72 (45%), Gaps = 3/72 (4%)
Query: 15 LELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVG 74
+ V PGP EVLVK GIN + +G+Y P G E G V VG
Sbjct: 20 IVDVPVPLPGP---GEVLVKNRFVGINASDINFTAGRYDPGVKPPFDCGFEGVGEVVAVG 76
Query: 75 QGVKHFKVKNIV 86
+GV FKV + V
Sbjct: 77 EGVTDFKVGDAV 88
>gnl|CDD|176207 cd08245, CAD, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD) and related
proteins. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD),
members of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes, or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 330
Score = 45.8 bits (109), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 27/80 (33%), Positives = 38/80 (47%), Gaps = 5/80 (6%)
Query: 3 AVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAIL 62
AV G E+ V +PGP EVL+K+ A G+ + + G + P +
Sbjct: 3 AVVHAAGGPLEPEEVP-VPEPGP---GEVLIKIEACGVCHTDLHAAEGDWGGSK-YPLVP 57
Query: 63 GTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
G E+ G V EVG GV+ KV
Sbjct: 58 GHEIVGEVVEVGAGVEGRKV 77
>gnl|CDD|131865 TIGR02818, adh_III_F_hyde, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
dehydrogenase/class III alcohol dehydrogenase. The
members of this protein family show dual function.
First, they remove formaldehyde, a toxic metabolite, by
acting as S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase
(1.1.1.284). S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione can form
spontaneously from formaldehyde and glutathione, and so
this enzyme previously was designated
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase. These
same proteins are also designated alcohol dehydrogenase
(EC 1.1.1.1) of class III, for activities that do not
require glutathione; they tend to show poor activity
for ethanol among their various substrate alcohols
[Cellular processes, Detoxification, Energy metabolism,
Fermentation].
Length = 368
Score = 46.0 bits (109), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 31/77 (40%), Positives = 43/77 (55%), Gaps = 4/77 (5%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P L++ VD P EVLV+++A G+ + + SG P P ILG E +GI
Sbjct: 11 GQP--LKIEEVDVEMP-QKGEVLVRIVATGVCHTDAFTLSGADPE-GVFPVILGHEGAGI 66
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
VE VG+GV KV + V
Sbjct: 67 VEAVGEGVTSVKVGDHV 83
>gnl|CDD|176181 cd05278, FDH_like, Formaldehyde dehydrogenases. Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (aka ADH3) may be
the ancestral form of alcohol dehydrogenase, which
evolved to detoxify formaldehyde. This CD contains
glutathione dependant FDH, glutathione independent FDH,
and related alcohol dehydrogenases. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas
putida aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 347
Score = 45.7 bits (109), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 23/72 (31%), Positives = 29/72 (40%), Gaps = 1/72 (1%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIV 70
P + L V P + +V+V A I + +I G P ILG E G V
Sbjct: 8 GPGKIGLEEVPDPKIQGPHDAIVRVTATSICGSDLHIYRGGVPGAK-HGMILGHEFVGEV 66
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVG VK K
Sbjct: 67 VEVGSDVKRLKP 78
>gnl|CDD|176261 cd08301, alcohol_DH_plants, Plant alcohol dehydrogenase.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion
helps coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation
of a histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48) , then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the
first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 369
Score = 45.7 bits (109), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 25/72 (34%), Positives = 35/72 (48%), Gaps = 4/72 (5%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G+P V+E V P EV +K++ + + Y + P P ILG E +GI
Sbjct: 12 GKPLVIEEVEVAPPQAM---EVRIKILHTSLCHTDVYFWEAKGQT-PLFPRILGHEAAGI 67
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFK 81
VE VG+GV K
Sbjct: 68 VESVGEGVTDLK 79
>gnl|CDD|176213 cd08251, polyketide_synthase, polyketide synthase. Polyketide
synthases produce polyketides in step by step mechanism
that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl
reductase reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin
is one example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex
enzymes (megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase
(ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity
has been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which have a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in
a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
NAD(H)-binding region is comprised of 2 structurally
similar halves, each of which contacts a
mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 303
Score = 45.9 bits (109), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 24/68 (35%), Positives = 31/68 (45%), Gaps = 3/68 (4%)
Query: 19 TVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVK 78
V PGP EV ++V A +N + G YP +P P G E SG+V VG V
Sbjct: 1 EVAPPGP---GEVRIQVRAFSLNFGDLLCVRGLYPTMPPYPFTPGFEASGVVRAVGPHVT 57
Query: 79 HFKVKNIV 86
V + V
Sbjct: 58 RLAVGDEV 65
>gnl|CDD|176224 cd08263, Zn_ADH10, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 367
Score = 45.4 bits (108), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 26/79 (32%), Positives = 41/79 (51%), Gaps = 5/79 (6%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A K P +E V +P + E+L++V A G+ + ++ G+ P P P
Sbjct: 1 MKAAVLKGPNPPLTIEEIPVPRPK---EGEILIRVAACGVCHSDLHVLKGELPFPP--PF 55
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKH 79
+LG E+SG V EVG V++
Sbjct: 56 VLGHEISGEVVEVGPNVEN 74
>gnl|CDD|176243 cd08283, FDH_like_1, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 1. Members
identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to
formate and NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process
the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation
(and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H) as a
cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 386
Score = 45.2 bits (108), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 24/82 (29%), Positives = 37/82 (45%), Gaps = 4/82 (4%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A+ W + + V P + +V+V A I + ++ G P +
Sbjct: 1 MKALV---WHGKGDVRVEEVPDPKIEDPTDAIVRVTATAICGSDLHLYHGYIPGMKK-GD 56
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
ILG E G+VEEVG V++ KV
Sbjct: 57 ILGHEFMGVVEEVGPEVRNLKV 78
>gnl|CDD|176184 cd05281, TDH, Threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via NAD(H)-
dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal
region typically has an all-beta catalytic domain.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria) and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol
and aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the
polyol pathway, which interconverts glucose and
fructose.
Length = 341
Score = 45.3 bits (108), Expect = 5e-07
Identities = 34/93 (36%), Positives = 44/93 (47%), Gaps = 15/93 (16%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYI-------RSGQYP 53
M A+ + G L V KPGP EVL+KV+AA I + +I +S P
Sbjct: 1 MKAIVKTKAGPGAELVEVPVPKPGP---GEVLIKVLAASICGTDVHIYEWDEWAQSRIKP 57
Query: 54 NLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
P I G E +G V EVG+GV KV + V
Sbjct: 58 -----PLIFGHEFAGEVVEVGEGVTRVKVGDYV 85
>gnl|CDD|132492 TIGR03451, mycoS_dep_FDH, S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol
dehydrogenase. Members of this protein family are
mycothiol-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (EC
1.2.1.66). This protein is found, so far, only in the
Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium sp., Streptomyces sp.,
Corynebacterium sp., and related species), where
mycothione replaces glutathione [Cellular processes,
Detoxification].
Length = 358
Score = 45.2 bits (107), Expect = 5e-07
Identities = 28/84 (33%), Positives = 41/84 (48%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 3 AVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAIL 62
V + G P LE V PGP EV+V + A G+ + + R G + + P +L
Sbjct: 4 GVIARSKGAPVELETIVVPDPGP---GEVIVDIQACGVCHTDLHYREGGIND--EFPFLL 58
Query: 63 GTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
G E +G+VE VG+GV + V
Sbjct: 59 GHEAAGVVEAVGEGVTDVAPGDYV 82
>gnl|CDD|180054 PRK05396, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 341
Score = 44.8 bits (107), Expect = 8e-07
Identities = 27/80 (33%), Positives = 37/80 (46%), Gaps = 15/80 (18%)
Query: 15 LELTTVDKP--GPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRS------GQYPNLPDLPAILGTEV 66
L LT V P GP ++VL+KV I + +I + P +P ++G E
Sbjct: 13 LWLTDVPVPEPGP---NDVLIKVKKTAICGTDVHIYNWDEWAQKTIP----VPMVVGHEF 65
Query: 67 SGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
G V EVG V FKV + V
Sbjct: 66 VGEVVEVGSEVTGFKVGDRV 85
>gnl|CDD|176188 cd05285, sorbitol_DH, Sorbitol dehydrogenase. Sorbitol and
aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the
polyol pathway, which interconverts glucose and
fructose. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has
a single catalytic zinc per subunit. Aldose reductase
catalyzes the NADP(H)-dependent conversion of glucose
to sorbital, and SDH uses NAD(H) in the conversion of
sorbitol to fructose. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR)
have a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 343
Score = 44.8 bits (107), Expect = 8e-07
Identities = 28/74 (37%), Positives = 33/74 (44%), Gaps = 3/74 (4%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI--NPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSG 68
P L L P P EVLV+V A GI + V Y + P +LG E +G
Sbjct: 6 GPGDLRLEERPIPEP-GPGEVLVRVRAVGICGSDVHYYKHGRIGDFVVKEPMVLGHESAG 64
Query: 69 IVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
V VG GV H KV
Sbjct: 65 TVVAVGSGVTHLKV 78
>gnl|CDD|176209 cd08247, AST1_like, AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein associated with
the periplasmic membrane in yeast. This group contains
members identified in targeting of yeast membrane
proteins ATPase. AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein
associated with the periplasmic membrane in yeast,
identified as a multicopy suppressor of pma1 mutants
which cause temperature sensitive growth arrest due to
the inability of ATPase to target to the cell surface.
This family is homologous to the medium chain family of
dehydrogenases and reductases. Medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 352
Score = 43.8 bits (104), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 20/65 (30%), Positives = 34/65 (52%), Gaps = 1/65 (1%)
Query: 19 TVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVK 78
+ P D+E++VKV AA +NPV+ + + + LG + SG++ +VG V
Sbjct: 19 KLPLPNCYKDNEIVVKVHAAALNPVDLKLYNSYTFHFKVKEKGLGRDYSGVIVKVGSNVA 78
Query: 79 H-FKV 82
+KV
Sbjct: 79 SEWKV 83
>gnl|CDD|176204 cd08242, MDR_like, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family, including threonine dehydrogenase.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
includes various activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 25/76 (32%), Positives = 33/76 (43%), Gaps = 8/76 (10%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M A+ L + + KP P E LV+V+ AGI + I G YP P
Sbjct: 1 MKAL---VLDGGLDLRVEDLPKPEPP-PGEALVRVLLAGICNTDLEIYKGYYP----FPG 52
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQG 76
+ G E GIVEE +
Sbjct: 53 VPGHEFVGIVEEGPEA 68
>gnl|CDD|176202 cd08240, 6_hydroxyhexanoate_dh_like, 6-hydroxyhexanoate
dehydrogenase. 6-hydroxyhexanoate dehydrogenase, an
enzyme of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family of medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases
catalyzes the conversion of 6-hydroxyhexanoate and
NAD(+) to 6-oxohexanoate + NADH and H+.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains, at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 350
Score = 43.0 bits (102), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 32/94 (34%), Positives = 40/94 (42%), Gaps = 16/94 (17%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPD--- 57
M A G+P LE +D P P EVLVKV A G+ + +I G Y +L
Sbjct: 1 MKAAAVVEPGKP--LEEVEIDTPKP-PGTEVLVKVTACGVCHSDLHIWDGGY-DLGGGKT 56
Query: 58 ---------LPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
LP +LG E+ G V VG KV
Sbjct: 57 MSLDDRGVKLPLVLGHEIVGEVVAVGPDAADVKV 90
>gnl|CDD|223991 COG1063, Tdh, Threonine dehydrogenase and related Zn-dependent
dehydrogenases [Amino acid transport and metabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 350
Score = 42.0 bits (99), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 25/75 (33%), Positives = 34/75 (45%), Gaps = 2/75 (2%)
Query: 8 RWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVS 67
+ + L P +VL++V A GI + +I G P +P ILG E
Sbjct: 6 VYVGGGDVRLEEPPPP-IPGPGDVLIRVTATGICGSDLHIYRGGEPFVPPGDIILGHEFV 64
Query: 68 GIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
G V EVG V+ FKV
Sbjct: 65 GEVVEVGV-VRGFKV 78
>gnl|CDD|215442 PLN02827, PLN02827, Alcohol dehydrogenase-like.
Length = 378
Score = 41.8 bits (98), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 26/79 (32%), Positives = 38/79 (48%), Gaps = 11/79 (13%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRS--GQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVS 67
GE V+E V P P E+ +KV++ + RS + + P I G E S
Sbjct: 22 GEALVMEEVEVSPPQPL---EIRIKVVSTSL------CRSDLSAWESQALFPRIFGHEAS 72
Query: 68 GIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
GIVE +G+GV F+ + V
Sbjct: 73 GIVESIGEGVTEFEKGDHV 91
>gnl|CDD|176244 cd08284, FDH_like_2, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 2.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases
(FDHs) are members of the zinc-dependent/medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family. Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD to formate
and NADH. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. These tetrameric FDHs
have a catalytic zinc that resides between the
catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 344
Score = 41.5 bits (98), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 29/89 (32%), Positives = 40/89 (44%), Gaps = 5/89 (5%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPA 60
M AV + P + + V P + +VKV AA I + +I G P+ P
Sbjct: 1 MKAV---VFKGPGDVRVEEVPIPQIQDPTDAIVKVTAAAICGSDLHIYRGHIPSTP--GF 55
Query: 61 ILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIVRSS 89
+LG E G V EVG V+ KV + V S
Sbjct: 56 VLGHEFVGEVVEVGPEVRTLKVGDRVVSP 84
>gnl|CDD|178341 PLN02740, PLN02740, Alcohol dehydrogenase-like.
Length = 381
Score = 41.3 bits (97), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 27/72 (37%), Positives = 36/72 (50%), Gaps = 3/72 (4%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
GEP V+E VD P EV +K++ I + G+ P ILG E +GI
Sbjct: 20 GEPLVMEEIRVDPPQKM---EVRIKILYTSICHTDLSAWKGENEAQRAYPRILGHEAAGI 76
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFK 81
VE VG+GV+ K
Sbjct: 77 VESVGEGVEDLK 88
>gnl|CDD|176242 cd08282, PFDH_like, Pseudomonas putida aldehyde-dismutating
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (PFDH). Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas putida
aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. PFDH converts 2 molecules of
aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol.
MDH family uses NAD(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase family
(MDR), these tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains
and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. Unlike ADH, where NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor,
NADH in FDH is a tightly bound redox cofactor (similar
to nicotinamide proteins). The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of an beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 375
Score = 41.4 bits (98), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 20/77 (25%), Positives = 34/77 (44%), Gaps = 2/77 (2%)
Query: 10 GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
G P + + V P + +V++ I + ++ G+ + +LG E G
Sbjct: 7 GGPGNVAVEDVPDPKIEHPTDAIVRITTTAICGSDLHMYRGRTG--AEPGLVLGHEAMGE 64
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
VEEVG V+ KV + V
Sbjct: 65 VEEVGSAVESLKVGDRV 81
>gnl|CDD|129775 TIGR00692, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase. This protein is a
tetrameric, zinc-binding, NAD-dependent enzyme of
threonine catabolism. Closely related proteins include
sorbitol dehydrogenase, xylitol dehydrogenase, and
benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Eukaryotic examples of
this enzyme have been demonstrated experimentally but
do not appear in database search results.E. coli His-90
modulates substrate specificity and is believed part of
the active site [Energy metabolism, Amino acids and
amines].
Length = 340
Score = 41.0 bits (96), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 28/75 (37%), Positives = 38/75 (50%), Gaps = 7/75 (9%)
Query: 16 ELTTVD--KPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI--NPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVE 71
ELT V +PGP EVL+KV+A I V Y + P ++G EV+G V
Sbjct: 12 ELTEVPVPEPGP---GEVLIKVLATSICGTDVHIYNWDEWAQSRIKPPQVVGHEVAGEVV 68
Query: 72 EVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
+G GV+ KV + V
Sbjct: 69 GIGPGVEGIKVGDYV 83
>gnl|CDD|176201 cd08239, THR_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase (TDH)-like.
MDR/AHD-like proteins, including a protein annotated as
a threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via
NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Zinc-dependent ADHs are medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase type proteins (MDRs) and have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. In addition to alcohol
dehydrogenases, this group includes quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 39.6 bits (93), Expect = 5e-05
Identities = 23/63 (36%), Positives = 33/63 (52%), Gaps = 7/63 (11%)
Query: 22 KPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVET-YIRSGQYPNLPDLPAIL-GTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKH 79
PGP EVL++V A+G+ + Y G P ++ G E +G+V VG GV H
Sbjct: 21 VPGP---GEVLLRVKASGLCGSDLHYYYHG--HRAPAYQGVIPGHEPAGVVVAVGPGVTH 75
Query: 80 FKV 82
F+V
Sbjct: 76 FRV 78
>gnl|CDD|176186 cd05283, CAD1, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step
of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD
binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family
members are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in
yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 38.6 bits (91), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 19/64 (29%), Positives = 29/64 (45%), Gaps = 7/64 (10%)
Query: 22 KPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVET---YIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVK 78
+ P D+V +K+ G+ + +R+ P P + G E+ GIV VG V
Sbjct: 18 ERRPLGPDDVDIKITYCGV--CHSDLHTLRNEWGP--TKYPLVPGHEIVGIVVAVGSKVT 73
Query: 79 HFKV 82
FKV
Sbjct: 74 KFKV 77
>gnl|CDD|176193 cd08231, MDR_TM0436_like, Hypothetical enzyme TM0436 resembles
the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH). This
group contains the hypothetical TM0436 alcohol
dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima, proteins
annotated as 5-exo-alcohol dehydrogenase, and other
members of the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
MDR, which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. MDRs display
a broad range of activities and are distinguished from
the smaller short chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino
acids vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR
proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)
binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and
an N-terminal catalytic domain with distant homology to
GroES. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase,
cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze
the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 361
Score = 37.6 bits (88), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 25/71 (35%), Positives = 35/71 (49%), Gaps = 3/71 (4%)
Query: 9 WGEP-RVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVS 67
P + LE+ V P VLV+V AG+ + + +G+ P +P LP ILG E
Sbjct: 6 LTGPGKPLEIREVPLPDL-EPGAVLVRVRLAGVCGSDVHTVAGRRPRVP-LPIILGHEGV 63
Query: 68 GIVEEVGQGVK 78
G V +G GV
Sbjct: 64 GRVVALGGGVT 74
>gnl|CDD|176194 cd08232, idonate-5-DH, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase. L-idonate
5-dehydrogenase (L-ido 5-DH ) catalyzes the conversion
of L-lodonate to 5-ketogluconate in the metabolism of
L-Idonate to 6-P-gluconate. In E. coli, this GntII
pathway is a subsidiary pathway to the canonical GntI
system, which also phosphorylates and transports
gluconate. L-ido 5-DH is found in an operon with a
regulator indR, transporter idnT, 5-keto-D-gluconate
5-reductase, and Gnt kinase. L-ido 5-DH is a
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein. The
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group
is also called the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase family (MDR) which displays a
broad range of activities and are distinguished from
the smaller short chain dehydrogenases(~ 250 amino
acids vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR
proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)
binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and
an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic domain. The MDR
group contains a host of activities, including the
founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone
reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase,
cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze
the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 26/77 (33%), Positives = 33/77 (42%), Gaps = 3/77 (3%)
Query: 12 PRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVET-YIRSGQY-PNLPDLPAILGTEVSGI 69
L + P P EV V+V A GI + Y + G + P +LG EVSG+
Sbjct: 6 AGDLRVEERPAPEPG-PGEVRVRVAAGGICGSDLHYYQHGGFGTVRLREPMVLGHEVSGV 64
Query: 70 VEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
VE VG GV V
Sbjct: 65 VEAVGPGVTGLAPGQRV 81
>gnl|CDD|176183 cd05280, MDR_yhdh_yhfp, Yhdh and yhfp-like putative quinone
oxidoreductases. Yhdh and yhfp-like putative quinone
oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR catalyzes the conversion of
a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone + NAD(P)+.
Quinones are cyclic diones derived from aromatic
compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the respiratory
chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while soluble QOR
acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose
of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 12/62 (19%), Positives = 24/62 (38%), Gaps = 1/62 (1%)
Query: 15 LELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVG 74
L L T+ + +VL++V + +N + +G + P G + +G V
Sbjct: 15 LFLRTLPLD-DLPEGDVLIRVHYSSLNYKDALAATGNGGVTRNYPHTPGIDAAGTVVSSD 73
Query: 75 QG 76
Sbjct: 74 DP 75
>gnl|CDD|176230 cd08269, Zn_ADH9, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability.
Length = 312
Score = 36.2 bits (84), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 20/74 (27%), Positives = 30/74 (40%), Gaps = 3/74 (4%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVET-YIRSGQYPNL-PDLPAILGTEVSG 68
P E+ +P P +VLV+V G+ + G+ + P P G E G
Sbjct: 3 GPGRFEVEEHPRPTP-GPGQVLVRVEGCGVCGSDLPAFNQGRPWFVYPAEPGGPGHEGWG 61
Query: 69 IVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
V +G GV+ V
Sbjct: 62 RVVALGPGVRGLAV 75
>gnl|CDD|176246 cd08286, FDH_like_ADH2, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group is related to formaldehyde dehydrogenase
(FDH), which is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. This family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Another member is identified
as a dihydroxyacetone reductase. Like the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase family
(MDR), tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains
and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. Unlike ADH, where NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor,
NADH in FDH is a tightly bound redox cofactor (similar
to nicotinamide proteins). The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 36.1 bits (84), Expect = 9e-04
Identities = 23/71 (32%), Positives = 33/71 (46%), Gaps = 1/71 (1%)
Query: 12 PRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVE 71
P + KP + +VK++ I + +I G P + ILG E G+VE
Sbjct: 9 PGKISWEDRPKPTIQEPTDAIVKMLKTTICGTDLHILKGDVPTVTP-GRILGHEGVGVVE 67
Query: 72 EVGQGVKHFKV 82
EVG V +FKV
Sbjct: 68 EVGSAVTNFKV 78
>gnl|CDD|166155 PLN02514, PLN02514, cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 357
Score = 35.9 bits (83), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 25/73 (34%), Positives = 37/73 (50%), Gaps = 14/73 (19%)
Query: 19 TVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGI-----NPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEV 73
T+ K GP ++V++KV+ GI + ++ + YP +P G EV G V EV
Sbjct: 28 TLRKTGP---EDVVIKVIYCGICHTDLHQIKNDLGMSNYPMVP------GHEVVGEVVEV 78
Query: 74 GQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
G V F V +IV
Sbjct: 79 GSDVSKFTVGDIV 91
>gnl|CDD|176245 cd08285, NADP_ADH, NADP(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases.
This group is predominated by atypical alcohol
dehydrogenases; they exist as tetramers and exhibit
specificity for NADP(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like other zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH)
of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase
family (MDR), tetrameric ADHs have a catalytic zinc
that resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding
domains; however, they do not have and a structural
zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 22/65 (33%), Positives = 32/65 (49%), Gaps = 4/65 (6%)
Query: 20 VDKPGP-CLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNL-PDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGV 77
++KP P C ++ +V+ A + + G P + ILG E G+VEEVG V
Sbjct: 15 IEKPIPVCGPNDAIVRPTAVAPCTSDVHTVWGGAPGERHGM--ILGHEAVGVVEEVGSEV 72
Query: 78 KHFKV 82
K FK
Sbjct: 73 KDFKP 77
>gnl|CDD|176200 cd08238, sorbose_phosphate_red, L-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase.
L-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase, a member of the MDR
family, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion of
l-sorbose 1-phosphate to d-glucitol 6-phosphate in the
metabolism of L-sorbose to (also converts d-fructose
1-phosphate to d-mannitol 6-phosphate). The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of an beta-alpha form and an N-terminal
catalytic domain with distant homology to GroES. The
MDR group contains a host of activities, including the
founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone
reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase,
cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze
the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 410
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 18/73 (24%), Positives = 35/73 (47%), Gaps = 7/73 (9%)
Query: 13 RVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINP--VETYIRSGQYPNLPD----LPAILGTEV 66
L L + P DDE+LV+V++ + + ++ + +P+ P ILG E
Sbjct: 12 GDLRLEKFELPEIA-DDEILVRVISDSLCFSTWKLALQGSDHKKVPNDLAKEPVILGHEF 70
Query: 67 SGIVEEVGQGVKH 79
+G + +VG+ +
Sbjct: 71 AGTILKVGKKWQG 83
>gnl|CDD|182229 PRK10083, PRK10083, putative oxidoreductase; Provisional.
Length = 339
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 24/76 (31%), Positives = 37/76 (48%), Gaps = 2/76 (2%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIV 70
+P L + P P EV VKV AGI +++I G P P ++G E G++
Sbjct: 8 KPNSLAIEERPIPQPAAG-EVRVKVKLAGICGSDSHIYRGHNP-FAKYPRVIGHEFFGVI 65
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
+ VG+GV ++ V
Sbjct: 66 DAVGEGVDAARIGERV 81
>gnl|CDD|176192 cd08230, glucose_DH, Glucose dehydrogenase. Glucose
dehydrogenase (GlcDH), a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family, catalyzes the NADP(+)-dependent oxidation of
glucose to gluconate, the first step in the
Entner-Doudoroff pathway, an alternative to or
substitute for glycolysis or the pentose phosphate
pathway. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossman fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability.
Length = 355
Score = 34.5 bits (80), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 22/68 (32%), Positives = 34/68 (50%), Gaps = 7/68 (10%)
Query: 13 RVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPD----LPAILGTEVSG 68
+ + + +P P EVLV+ + G+ + I +G+Y P L +LG E G
Sbjct: 11 PGVRVVDIPEPEP-TPGEVLVRTLEVGVCGTDREIVAGEYGTAPPGEDFL--VLGHEALG 67
Query: 69 IVEEVGQG 76
+VEEVG G
Sbjct: 68 VVEEVGDG 75
>gnl|CDD|215378 PLN02702, PLN02702, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase.
Length = 364
Score = 33.6 bits (77), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 23/67 (34%), Positives = 35/67 (52%), Gaps = 7/67 (10%)
Query: 25 PCL-DDEVLVKVMAAGI--NPVETY--IRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKH 79
P L +V V++ A GI + V +R + + P ++G E +GI+EEVG VKH
Sbjct: 37 PPLGPHDVRVRMKAVGICGSDVHYLKTMRCADF--VVKEPMVIGHECAGIIEEVGSEVKH 94
Query: 80 FKVKNIV 86
V + V
Sbjct: 95 LVVGDRV 101
>gnl|CDD|182371 PRK10309, PRK10309, galactitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 347
Score = 33.3 bits (76), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 22/67 (32%), Positives = 31/67 (46%), Gaps = 20/67 (29%)
Query: 21 DKPGPCL--DDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDL--------PAILGTEVSGIV 70
+ P P + D+VLVKV ++G+ ++P + P LG E SG V
Sbjct: 16 ESPIPEIKHQDDVLVKVASSGLCG----------SDIPRIFKNGAHYYPITLGHEFSGYV 65
Query: 71 EEVGQGV 77
E VG GV
Sbjct: 66 EAVGSGV 72
>gnl|CDD|176218 cd08256, Zn_ADH2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group has the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability.
Length = 350
Score = 32.0 bits (73), Expect = 0.024
Identities = 32/91 (35%), Positives = 39/91 (42%), Gaps = 12/91 (13%)
Query: 1 MLAVQCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSG--------QY 52
M AV C + R LE V +PGP E+LVKV A GI + G
Sbjct: 1 MRAVVCHGPQDYR-LEEVPVPRPGP---GEILVKVEACGICAGDIKCYHGAPSFWGDENQ 56
Query: 53 PNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVK 83
P P I G E G V E+G+G + VK
Sbjct: 57 PPYVKPPMIPGHEFVGRVVELGEGAEERGVK 87
>gnl|CDD|176247 cd08287, FDH_like_ADH3, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group contains proteins identified as alcohol
dehydrogenases and glutathione-dependant formaldehyde
dehydrogenases (FDH) of the zinc-dependent/medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family. The MDR family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. FDH converts formaldehyde
and NAD to formate and NADH. The initial step in this
process the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation
(and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.080
Identities = 20/76 (26%), Positives = 33/76 (43%), Gaps = 2/76 (2%)
Query: 11 EPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIV 70
P + + V P + +++V+A + + + G P PA +G E G+V
Sbjct: 8 GPGDIRVEEVPDPVIEEPTDAVIRVVATCVCGSDLWPYRGVSP--TRAPAPIGHEFVGVV 65
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
EEVG V K + V
Sbjct: 66 EEVGSEVTSVKPGDFV 81
>gnl|CDD|181842 PRK09422, PRK09422, ethanol-active
dehydrogenase/acetaldehyde-active reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 338
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.088
Identities = 21/62 (33%), Positives = 30/62 (48%), Gaps = 2/62 (3%)
Query: 21 DKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHF 80
P E LVK+ G+ + ++ +G + + ILG E GIV+EVG GV
Sbjct: 18 KTLRPLKHGEALVKMEYCGVCHTDLHVANGDFGDKTGR--ILGHEGIGIVKEVGPGVTSL 75
Query: 81 KV 82
KV
Sbjct: 76 KV 77
>gnl|CDD|166227 PLN02586, PLN02586, probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 360
Score = 29.8 bits (67), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 17/59 (28%), Positives = 32/59 (54%), Gaps = 1/59 (1%)
Query: 28 DDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
D++V VK++ G+ + + ++ P + G E+ GIV ++G+ VK FK + V
Sbjct: 37 DEDVTVKILYCGVCHSDLHTIKNEW-GFTRYPIVPGHEIVGIVTKLGKNVKKFKEGDRV 94
>gnl|CDD|176217 cd08255, 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl_bacteriochlorophyllide_like,
2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide and
other MDR family members. This subgroup of the medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family has members
identified as 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl
bacteriochlorophyllide A dehydrogenase and alcohol
dehydrogenases. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability.
Length = 277
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.31
Identities = 12/26 (46%), Positives = 12/26 (46%)
Query: 57 DLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKV 82
LP G G V EVG GV FK
Sbjct: 19 PLPLPPGYSSVGRVVEVGSGVTGFKP 44
>gnl|CDD|176223 cd08262, Zn_ADH8, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site
zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and
a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a
structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is
typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.40
Identities = 28/85 (32%), Positives = 38/85 (44%), Gaps = 12/85 (14%)
Query: 15 LELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSG--------QYPNLPDLPA--ILGT 64
L + V P P +VLVKV+A GI + + + P+L DL A +LG
Sbjct: 11 LVVRDVPDPEP-GPGQVLVKVLACGICGSDLHATAHPEAMVDDAGGPSLMDLGADIVLGH 69
Query: 65 EVSGIVEEVGQGVKH-FKVKNIVRS 88
E G V + G G + KV V S
Sbjct: 70 EFCGEVVDYGPGTERKLKVGTRVTS 94
>gnl|CDD|234025 TIGR02819, fdhA_non_GSH, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
glutathione-independent. Members of this family
represent a distinct clade within the larger family of
zinc-dependent dehydrogenases of medium chain alcohols,
a family that also includes the so-called
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase.
Members of this protein family have a tightly bound NAD
that can act as a true cofactor, rather than a
cosubstrate in dehydrogenase reactions, in dismutase
reactions for some aldehydes. The name given to this
family, however, is formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
glutathione-independent [Central intermediary
metabolism, One-carbon metabolism].
Length = 393
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.63
Identities = 17/56 (30%), Positives = 31/56 (55%), Gaps = 2/56 (3%)
Query: 31 VLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNIV 86
V++KV+ I + ++ G+ L +LG E++G V E G+ V+ K+ +IV
Sbjct: 36 VILKVVTTNICGSDQHMVRGRTTAPTGL--VLGHEITGEVIEKGRDVEFIKIGDIV 89
>gnl|CDD|193512 cd03892, M20_peptT, M20 Peptidase T specifically cleaves
tripeptides. Peptidase M20 family, Peptidase T (peptT;
tripeptide aminopeptidase; tripeptidase) subfamily. PepT
acts only on tripeptide substrates, and is thus called a
tripeptidase. It catalyzes the release of N-terminal
amino acids with hydrophobic side chains from
tripeptides with high specificity; dipeptides,
tetrapeptides or tripeptides with the N-terminus blocked
are not cleaved. Tripeptidases are known to function at
the final stage of proteolysis in lactococcal bacteria
and release amino acids from tripeptides produced during
the digestion of milk proteins such as casein.
Length = 401
Score = 26.6 bits (60), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 7/15 (46%), Positives = 10/15 (66%)
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKVKNI 85
EE+G+G HF V+
Sbjct: 172 EEIGRGADHFDVEKF 186
>gnl|CDD|236089 PRK07761, PRK07761, DNA polymerase III subunit beta; Validated.
Length = 376
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 11/23 (47%), Positives = 12/23 (52%), Gaps = 6/23 (26%)
Query: 42 PVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGT 64
PVE YP LP+LP GT
Sbjct: 110 PVE------DYPTLPELPEATGT 126
>gnl|CDD|235484 PRK05469, PRK05469, peptidase T; Provisional.
Length = 408
Score = 26.2 bits (59), Expect = 2.6
Identities = 6/13 (46%), Positives = 9/13 (69%)
Query: 71 EEVGQGVKHFKVK 83
EE+G+G F V+
Sbjct: 174 EEIGRGADKFDVE 186
>gnl|CDD|177834 PLN02178, PLN02178, cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase.
Length = 375
Score = 26.1 bits (57), Expect = 3.1
Identities = 15/54 (27%), Positives = 27/54 (50%), Gaps = 1/54 (1%)
Query: 28 DDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVGQGVKHFK 81
+++V VK++ G+ + + + P I G E+ GI +VG+ V FK
Sbjct: 31 ENDVTVKILFCGVCHSDLHTIKNHW-GFSRYPIIPGHEIVGIATKVGKNVTKFK 83
>gnl|CDD|132245 TIGR03201, dearomat_had, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA
dehydrogenase. Members of this protein family are
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA dehydrogenase,
an enzyme in the anaerobic metabolism of aromatic
enzymes by way of benzoyl-CoA, as seen in Thauera
aromatica, Geobacter metallireducens, and Azoarcus sp.
The experimentally characterized form from T. aromatica
uses only NAD+, not NADP+. Note that Rhodopseudomonas
palustris uses a different pathway to perform a similar
degradation of benzoyl-CoA to 3-hydroxpimelyl-CoA.
Length = 349
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 21/74 (28%), Positives = 30/74 (40%), Gaps = 8/74 (10%)
Query: 8 RW-----GEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAIL 62
RW G+P V + + G +V+VKV G+ + LP L
Sbjct: 1 RWMMTEPGKPMVKTRVEIPELGA---GDVVVKVAGCGVCHTDLSYYYMGVRTNHALPLAL 57
Query: 63 GTEVSGIVEEVGQG 76
G E+SG V + G G
Sbjct: 58 GHEISGRVIQAGAG 71
>gnl|CDD|130766 TIGR01705, MTA/SAH-nuc-hyp,
5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine
nucleosidase, putative. This model represents the
enzyme 5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine
nucleosidase which acts on its two substrates at the
same active site. This clade of sequences is
sufficiently distinct from the characterized proteins
which form the seed of TIGR01704 as to cast some doubt
on the accuracy of annotations based on sequence
similarity alone. This enzyme is involved in the
recycling of the components of S-adenosylmethionine
after it has donated one of its two non-ribose sulfur
ligands to an acceptor. In the case of
5'-methylthioadenosine this represents the first step
of the methionine salvage pathway in bacteria. This
enzyme is widely distributed in bacteria.
Length = 212
Score = 25.7 bits (56), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 19/58 (32%), Positives = 25/58 (43%), Gaps = 9/58 (15%)
Query: 24 GPCLDDEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYIRSG-------QYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSGIVEEVG 74
GP L + L + G+ PVE IR G LPDL LG+ S +E+
Sbjct: 24 GPHL--QALFAPLMTGVGPVEAAIRVGAELAGLDAADALPDLVVSLGSAGSRTLEQTE 79
>gnl|CDD|236043 PRK07529, PRK07529, AMP-binding domain protein; Validated.
Length = 632
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 5.0
Identities = 9/19 (47%), Positives = 12/19 (63%), Gaps = 1/19 (5%)
Query: 53 PNLPDLP-AILGTEVSGIV 70
PNLP+ A+ G E +GI
Sbjct: 91 PNLPETHFALWGGEAAGIA 109
>gnl|CDD|216423 pfam01301, Glyco_hydro_35, Glycosyl hydrolases family 35.
Length = 318
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 5.3
Identities = 11/31 (35%), Positives = 15/31 (48%), Gaps = 7/31 (22%)
Query: 29 DEVLVKVMAAGINPVETYI-------RSGQY 52
+ L K A G+N +ETY+ GQY
Sbjct: 27 PDRLQKAKALGLNTIETYVFWNLHEPEPGQY 57
>gnl|CDD|232980 TIGR00450, mnmE_trmE_thdF, tRNA modification GTPase TrmE. TrmE,
also called MnmE and previously designated ThdF
(thiophene and furan oxidation protein), is a GTPase
involved in tRNA modification to create
5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine in the wobble
position of some tRNAs. This protein and GidA form an
alpha2/beta2 heterotetramer [Protein synthesis, tRNA
and rRNA base modification].
Length = 442
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 9/31 (29%), Positives = 13/31 (41%)
Query: 7 KRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMA 37
R+ +D C DDE+L K +A
Sbjct: 31 NTASGMRIQYGHIIDSNNKCKDDELLFKFVA 61
>gnl|CDD|223556 COG0480, FusA, Translation elongation factors (GTPases)
[Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis].
Length = 697
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 8.6
Identities = 14/53 (26%), Positives = 25/53 (47%), Gaps = 4/53 (7%)
Query: 5 QCKRWGEPRVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVLVKVMAA--GINPVETYIRSGQYPNL 55
Q ++G PR+L + +D+ G D ++V+ + G NPV + G
Sbjct: 123 QADKYGVPRILFVNKMDRLG--ADFYLVVEQLKERLGANPVPVQLPIGAEEEF 173
>gnl|CDD|235684 PRK06052, PRK06052,
5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine
methyltransferase; Provisional.
Length = 344
Score = 24.7 bits (54), Expect = 9.3
Identities = 21/77 (27%), Positives = 34/77 (44%), Gaps = 6/77 (7%)
Query: 13 RVLELTTVDKPGPCLDDEVL----VKVMAAGINPVETYIRSGQYPNLPDLPAILGTEVSG 68
++LEL +++ +E V+V G P E Y++ D+ IL V
Sbjct: 89 KILELEAIEEVAKEYKEETGETLEVRVCVTG--PTELYLQEFGGTIYTDILLILAKSVER 146
Query: 69 IVEEVGQGVKHFKVKNI 85
VE + K+FK+K I
Sbjct: 147 FVENAIKSAKNFKIKTI 163
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.316 0.137 0.404
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0902 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 4,619,259
Number of extensions: 386669
Number of successful extensions: 479
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 394
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 117
Length of query: 91
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 58
Effective length of query: 33
Effective length of database: 8,365,070
Effective search space: 276047310
Effective search space used: 276047310
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.6 bits)
S2: 53 (23.9 bits)