RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy3656
(185 letters)
>gnl|CDD|188722 cd09336, LIM1_Paxillin_like, The first LIM domain of the paxillin
like protein family. The first LIM domain of the
paxillin like protein family: This family consists of
paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related
proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal
of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the
N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor
proteins to recruit key components of
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between
the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin
serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous
regulatory and structural proteins that together control
the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal
reorganization and gene expression that are necessary
for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a
cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially
expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with
focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified
to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling
complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration
and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid
receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid
receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 107 bits (269), Expect = 2e-31
Identities = 40/53 (75%), Positives = 46/53 (86%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C++C KPIVGQV+TALGKTWHPEHF+C C ELGT+NFFERD +PYCE DYH
Sbjct: 1 CAACKKPIVGQVVTALGKTWHPEHFVCAECKTELGTKNFFERDGQPYCEKDYH 53
Score = 52.3 bits (126), Expect = 5e-10
Identities = 19/36 (52%), Positives = 24/36 (66%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ C PI+ + VTAL KTWH EHF CA+C + G
Sbjct: 1 CAACKKPIVGQVVTALGKTWHPEHFVCAECKTELGT 36
>gnl|CDD|188790 cd09406, LIM1_Leupaxin, The first LIM domain of Leupaxin. The
first LIM domain of Leupaxin: Leupaxin is a cytoskeleton
adaptor protein, which is preferentially expressed in
hematopoietic cells. Leupaxin belongs to the paxillin
focal adhesion protein family. Same as other members of
the family, it has four leucine-rich LD-motifs in the
N-terminus and four LIM domains in the C-terminus. It
may function in cell type-specific signaling by
associating with interaction partners PYK2, FAK, PEP and
p95PKL. When expressed in human leukocytic cells,
leupaxin significantly suppressed integrin-mediated cell
adhesion to fibronectin and the tyrosine phosphorylation
of paxillin. These findings indicate that leupaxin may
negatively regulate the functions of paxillin during
integrin signaling. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 94.9 bits (236), Expect = 2e-26
Identities = 37/55 (67%), Positives = 45/55 (81%)
Query: 83 GCCSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
G C+SC KPI GQV+TALG+TWHPEHF+C C +ELG+R FFER+ + YCE DYH
Sbjct: 1 GDCASCQKPIAGQVVTALGQTWHPEHFVCCQCGKELGSRPFFERNGQAYCEEDYH 55
Score = 47.9 bits (114), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 20/35 (57%), Positives = 24/35 (68%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C+ C PI + VTAL +TWH EHF C QCGK+ G
Sbjct: 3 CASCQKPIAGQVVTALGQTWHPEHFVCCQCGKELG 37
>gnl|CDD|188789 cd09405, LIM1_Paxillin, The first LIM domain of paxillin. The
first LIM domain of paxillin: Paxillin is an adaptor
protein, which recruits key components of the
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations to respond to environmental changes rapidly.
The C-terminal region of paxillin contains four LIM
domains which target paxillin to focal adhesions,
presumably through a direct association with the
cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrin. The N-terminal of
paxillin is leucine-rich LD-motifs. Paxillin is found at
the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin
cytoskeleton. The binding partners of paxillin are
diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as
Src and FAK, structural proteins, such as vinculin and
actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization.
Paxillin recruits these proteins to their function sites
to control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion,
cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight cons erved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 93.5 bits (232), Expect = 9e-26
Identities = 39/53 (73%), Positives = 47/53 (88%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C +C KPI GQV+TA+GKTWHPEHF+CTHC +E+G+RNFFERD +PYCE DYH
Sbjct: 2 CGACKKPIAGQVVTAMGKTWHPEHFVCTHCQEEIGSRNFFERDGQPYCEKDYH 54
Score = 38.1 bits (88), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 17/35 (48%), Positives = 21/35 (60%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C C PI + VTA+ KTWH EHF C C ++ G
Sbjct: 2 CGACKKPIAGQVVTAMGKTWHPEHFVCTHCQEEIG 36
>gnl|CDD|188723 cd09337, LIM2_Paxillin_like, The second LIM domain of the paxillin
like protein family. The second LIM domain of the
paxillin like protein family: This family consists of
paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related
proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal
of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the
N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor
proteins to recruit key components of
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between
the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin
serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous
regulatory and structural proteins that together control
the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal
reorganization and gene expression that are necessary
for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a
cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially
expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with
focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified
to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling
complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration
and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid
receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid
receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 77.8 bits (192), Expect = 1e-19
Identities = 31/36 (86%), Positives = 34/36 (94%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+YCNGPILDKCVTAL+KTWH EHFFCAQCGK FG+
Sbjct: 1 CAYCNGPILDKCVTALDKTWHPEHFFCAQCGKPFGD 36
Score = 73.6 bits (181), Expect = 5e-18
Identities = 26/52 (50%), Positives = 34/52 (65%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C+ PI+ + +TAL KTWHPEHF C C + G F E+D +PYC DY
Sbjct: 1 CAYCNGPILDKCVTALDKTWHPEHFFCAQCGKPFGDEGFHEKDGKPYCREDY 52
>gnl|CDD|215907 pfam00412, LIM, LIM domain. This family represents two copies of
the LIM structural domain.
Length = 58
Score = 75.8 bits (187), Expect = 7e-19
Identities = 28/58 (48%), Positives = 36/58 (62%), Gaps = 2/58 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVIT--ALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLF 140
C+ C KPI + + ALGK WHPE F C C + LG +FFE+D + YC+ DY LF
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGKPIYDRELVRRALGKVWHPECFRCAVCGKPLGPGDFFEKDGKLYCKHDYFKLF 58
Score = 45.0 bits (107), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 18/38 (47%), Positives = 21/38 (55%), Gaps = 2/38 (5%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVT--ALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ C PI D+ + AL K WH E F CA CGK G
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGKPIYDRELVRRALGKVWHPECFRCAVCGKPLGP 38
>gnl|CDD|188711 cd08368, LIM, LIM is a small protein-protein interaction domain,
containing two zinc fingers. LIM domains are identified
in a diverse group of proteins with wide variety of
biological functions, including gene expression
regulation, cell fate determination, cytoskeleton
organization, tumor formation and development. LIM
domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes. They perform
their functions through interactions with other protein
partners. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic highly conserved zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. The consensus
sequence of LIM domain has been defined as
C-x(2)-C-x(16,23)-H-x(2)-[CH]-x(2)-C-x(2)-C-x(16,
21)-C-x(2,3)-[CHD] (where X denotes any amino acid).
Length = 53
Score = 69.3 bits (170), Expect = 2e-16
Identities = 27/53 (50%), Positives = 36/53 (67%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVI-TALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C KPI G+ + ALGK WHPE F C+ C + LG +F+E+D +PYCE Y
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGKPIEGRELLRALGKKWHPECFKCSVCGKPLGGDSFYEKDGKPYCEKCY 53
Score = 46.9 bits (112), Expect = 7e-08
Identities = 16/37 (43%), Positives = 20/37 (54%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCV-TALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ C PI + + AL K WH E F C+ CGK G
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGKPIEGRELLRALGKKWHPECFKCSVCGKPLGG 37
>gnl|CDD|188724 cd09338, LIM3_Paxillin_like, The third LIM domain of the paxillin
like protein family. The third LIM domain of the
paxillin like protein family: This family consists of
paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related
proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal
of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the
N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor
proteins to recruit key components of
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between
the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin
serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous
regulatory and structural proteins that together control
the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal
reorganization and gene expression that are necessary
for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a
cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially
expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with
focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified
to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling
complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration
and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid
receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid
receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 68.5 bits (168), Expect = 4e-16
Identities = 24/53 (45%), Positives = 32/53 (60%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C C+KPI+ I+AL WHPE F+C C++ +FFE + PYCE YH
Sbjct: 1 CGGCNKPILENYISALNTQWHPECFVCRECHKPFINGSFFEHEGLPYCETHYH 53
Score = 37.7 bits (88), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 16/37 (43%), Positives = 20/37 (54%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGEA 180
C CN PIL+ ++AL WH E F C +C K F
Sbjct: 1 CGGCNKPILENYISALNTQWHPECFVCRECHKPFING 37
>gnl|CDD|188792 cd09408, LIM2_Leupaxin, The second LIM domain of Leupaxin. The
second LIM domain of Leupaxin: Leupaxin is a
cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially
expressed in hematopoietic cells. Leupaxin belongs to
the paxillin focal adhesion protein family. Same as
other members of the family, it has four leucine-rich
LD-motifs in the N-terminus and four LIM domains in the
C-terminus. It may function in cell type-specific
signaling by associating with interaction partners PYK2,
FAK, PEP and p95PKL. When expressed in human leukocytic
cells, leupaxin significantly suppressed
integrin-mediated cell adhesion to fibronectin and the
tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin. These findings
indicate that leupaxin may negatively regulate the
functions of paxillin during integrin signaling. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 67.2 bits (164), Expect = 1e-15
Identities = 26/52 (50%), Positives = 35/52 (67%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C PI+ V+TA+ +TWHPEHF C+HC + G F ERD +PYC D+
Sbjct: 1 CAYCAGPILQNVLTAMDQTWHPEHFFCSHCGELFGDEGFLERDGKPYCRRDF 52
Score = 59.8 bits (145), Expect = 8e-13
Identities = 21/35 (60%), Positives = 28/35 (80%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C+YC GPIL +TA+++TWH EHFFC+ CG+ FG
Sbjct: 1 CAYCAGPILQNVLTAMDQTWHPEHFFCSHCGELFG 35
>gnl|CDD|188791 cd09407, LIM2_Paxillin, The second LIM domain of paxillin. The
second LIM domain of paxillin: Paxillin is an adaptor
protein, which recruits key components of the
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations to respond to environmental changes rapidly.
The C-terminal region of paxillin contains four LIM
domains which target paxillin to focal adhesions,
presumably through a direct association with the
cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrin. The N-terminal of
paxillin is leucine-rich LD-motifs. Paxillin is found at
the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin
cytoskeleton. The binding partners of paxillin are
diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as
Src and FAK, structural proteins, such as vinculin and
actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization.
Paxillin recruits these proteins to their function sites
to control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion,
cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 66.1 bits (161), Expect = 3e-15
Identities = 28/35 (80%), Positives = 30/35 (85%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C YCNGPILDK VTAL++TWH EHFFCAQCG FG
Sbjct: 1 CYYCNGPILDKVVTALDRTWHPEHFFCAQCGAFFG 35
Score = 63.1 bits (153), Expect = 4e-14
Identities = 25/52 (48%), Positives = 32/52 (61%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C+ PI+ +V+TAL +TWHPEHF C C G F E+D + YC DY
Sbjct: 1 CYYCNGPILDKVVTALDRTWHPEHFFCAQCGAFFGPEGFHEKDGKAYCRKDY 52
>gnl|CDD|188720 cd09334, LIM4_PINCH, The fourth LIM domain of protein PINCH. The
fourth LIM domain of protein PINCH: PINCH plays a
pivotal role in the assembly of focal adhesions (FAs),
regulating diverse functions in cell adhesion, growth,
and differentiation through LIM-mediated protein-protein
interactions. PINCH comprises an array of five LIM
domains that interact with integrin-linked kinase (ILK),
Nck2 (also called Nckbeta or Grb4) and other interaction
partners. These interactions are essential for
triggering the FA assembly and for relaying diverse
mechanical and biochemical signals between
Cell-extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton.
The PINCH LIM4 domain recognizes the third SH3 domain of
another adaptor protein, Nck2. This step is an important
component of integrin signaling event. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assem
bly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 64.3 bits (157), Expect = 1e-14
Identities = 23/52 (44%), Positives = 31/52 (59%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C +C +PI G+V+TALGK WH EHF+C C + +E+ YCE Y
Sbjct: 3 CGACRRPIEGRVVTALGKHWHVEHFVCAKCEKPFLGHRHYEKKGLAYCETHY 54
Score = 49.7 bits (119), Expect = 6e-09
Identities = 20/36 (55%), Positives = 22/36 (61%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
P C C PI + VTAL K WH EHF CA+C K F
Sbjct: 1 PICGACRRPIEGRVVTALGKHWHVEHFVCAKCEKPF 36
>gnl|CDD|214528 smart00132, LIM, Zinc-binding domain present in Lin-11, Isl-1,
Mec-3. Zinc-binding domain family. Some LIM domains
bind protein partners via tyrosine-containing motifs.
LIM domains are found in many key regulators of
developmental pathways.
Length = 54
Score = 60.5 bits (147), Expect = 5e-13
Identities = 25/54 (46%), Positives = 32/54 (59%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 84 CCSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPD 135
C+ C KPI G +V+ ALGK WHPE F C C + L FFE+D + YC+
Sbjct: 1 KCAGCGKPIYGTERVLRALGKVWHPECFKCATCGKPLSGDTFFEKDGKLYCKDC 54
Score = 40.1 bits (94), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 16/39 (41%), Positives = 20/39 (51%), Gaps = 2/39 (5%)
Query: 143 RCSYCNGPILD--KCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
+C+ C PI + + AL K WH E F CA CGK
Sbjct: 1 KCAGCGKPIYGTERVLRALGKVWHPECFKCATCGKPLSG 39
>gnl|CDD|188725 cd09339, LIM4_Paxillin_like, The fourth LIM domain of the
Paxillin-like protein family. The fourth LIM domain of
the Paxillin like protein family: This family consists
of paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related
proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal
of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the
N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor
proteins to recruit key components of
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between
the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin
serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous
regulatory and structural proteins that together control
the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal
reorganization and gene expression that are necessary
for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a
cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially
expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with
focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified
to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling
complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration
and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid
receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid
receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 60.0 bits (146), Expect = 8e-13
Identities = 25/52 (48%), Positives = 36/52 (69%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C KPI G+ ITA+G+ +HPEHF+C C ++L F E+D +PYC P +
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGKPITGRCITAMGRKFHPEHFVCAFCLKQLSKGTFKEQDDKPYCHPCF 52
Score = 43.5 bits (103), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 16/33 (48%), Positives = 22/33 (66%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
C+ C PI +C+TA+ + +H EHF CA C KQ
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGKPITGRCITAMGRKFHPEHFVCAFCLKQ 33
>gnl|CDD|188748 cd09362, LIM2_Enigma_like, The second LIM domain of Enigma-like
family. The second LIM domain of Enigma-like family:
The Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three
members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human).
These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at
the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus.
Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is
expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle,
heart, bone and brain. The third LIM domain specifically
interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM
domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret
and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated
in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic
activity, insulin related actin organization, and
glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein, was
first identified in rat brain. It has been shown that
ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM
domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C
subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel
in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ
domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line.
ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line
structure during muscle contraction, but not required
for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a
structural role through its interaction with
cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is
increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs
signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP
interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC
phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 57.5 bits (139), Expect = 8e-12
Identities = 24/52 (46%), Positives = 31/52 (59%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C K I+G+V+ AL +TWH F+C C Q +G F D PYCE DY
Sbjct: 1 CARCHKKILGEVMHALKQTWHVSCFVCAACKQPIGNSLFHMEDGEPYCEKDY 52
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 23/38 (60%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGEAM 181
C+ C+ IL + + AL++TWH F CA C + G ++
Sbjct: 1 CARCHKKILGEVMHALKQTWHVSCFVCAACKQPIGNSL 38
>gnl|CDD|188747 cd09361, LIM1_Enigma_like, The first LIM domain of Enigma-like
family. The first LIM domain of Enigma-like family: The
Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three members:
Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These
subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the
N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus.
Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is
expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle,
heart, bone, and brain. The third LIM domain
specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the
second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine
kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is
implicated in signal transduction processes, such as
mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization,
and glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein,
was first identified in rat brain. It has been shown
that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its
LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the
alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium
channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal
PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line.
ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line
structure during muscle contraction, but not required
for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a
structural role through its interaction with
cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is
increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs
signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP
interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC
phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 57.4 bits (139), Expect = 8e-12
Identities = 22/52 (42%), Positives = 30/52 (57%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C++ I G + ALG++WHPE F C+HC+ L F E YCE Y
Sbjct: 1 CAHCNQVIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCSHCHCSLAEIGFVEEKGSLYCELCY 52
Score = 37.3 bits (87), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 18/30 (60%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C++CN I + AL ++WH E F C+ C
Sbjct: 1 CAHCNQVIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCSHC 30
>gnl|CDD|188795 cd09411, LIM4_Paxillin, The fourth LIM domain of Paxillin. The
fourth LIM domain of Paxillin: Paxillin is an adaptor
protein, which recruits key components of the
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations to respond to environmental changes rapidly.
The C-terminal region of paxillin contains four LIM
domains which target paxillin to focal adhesions,
presumably through a direct association with the
cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrin. The N-terminal of
paxillin is leucine-rich LD-motifs. Paxillin is found at
the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin
cytoskeleton. The binding partners of paxillin are
diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as
Src and FAK, structural proteins, such as vinculin and
actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization.
Paxillin recruits these proteins to their function sites
to control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion,
cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 56.9 bits (137), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 25/49 (51%), Positives = 34/49 (69%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
CS C KPI G+ ITA+GK +HPEHF+C C ++L F E++ +PYC
Sbjct: 1 CSGCQKPITGRCITAMGKKFHPEHFVCAFCLKQLNKGTFKEQNDKPYCH 49
Score = 41.1 bits (96), Expect = 9e-06
Identities = 19/40 (47%), Positives = 24/40 (60%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGEAMVK 183
CS C PI +C+TA+ K +H EHF CA C KQ + K
Sbjct: 1 CSGCQKPITGRCITAMGKKFHPEHFVCAFCLKQLNKGTFK 40
>gnl|CDD|188796 cd09412, LIM4_Leupaxin, The fourth LIM domain of Leupaxin. The
fourth LIM domain of Leupaxin: Leupaxin is a
cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially
expressed in hematopoietic cells. Leupaxin belongs to
the paxillin focal adhesion protein family. Same as
other members of the family, it has four leucine-rich
LD-motifs in the N-terminus and four LIM domains in the
C-terminus. It may function in cell type-specific
signaling by associating with interaction partners PYK2,
FAK, PEP and p95PKL. When expressed in human leukocytic
cells, leupaxin significantly suppressed
integrin-mediated cell adhesion to fibronectin and the
tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin. These findings
indicate that leupaxin may negatively regulate the
functions of paxillin during integrin signaling. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 56.7 bits (137), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 23/52 (44%), Positives = 33/52 (63%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C SC PI G+ I+ALG+ +HPEHF+C C + L +F E+ +PYC +
Sbjct: 1 CGSCGLPITGRCISALGRKFHPEHFVCAFCLRPLTQGSFKEQSGKPYCSTCF 52
Score = 38.2 bits (89), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 15/40 (37%), Positives = 22/40 (55%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGEAMVK 183
C C PI +C++AL + +H EHF CA C + + K
Sbjct: 1 CGSCGLPITGRCISALGRKFHPEHFVCAFCLRPLTQGSFK 40
>gnl|CDD|188794 cd09410, LIM3_Leupaxin, The third LIM domain of Leupaxin. The
third LIM domain of Leupaxin: Leupaxin is a cytoskeleton
adaptor protein, which is preferentially expressed in
hematopoietic cells. Leupaxin belongs to the paxillin
focal adhesion protein family. Same as other members of
the family, it has four leucine-rich LD-motifs in the
N-terminus and four LIM domains in the C-terminus. It
may function in cell type-specific signaling by
associating with interaction partners PYK2, FAK, PEP and
p95PKL. When expressed in human leukocytic cells,
leupaxin significantly suppressed integrin-mediated cell
adhesion to fibronectin and the tyrosine phosphorylation
of paxillin. These findings indicate that leupaxin may
negatively regulate the functions of paxillin during
integrin signaling. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 54.8 bits (132), Expect = 8e-11
Identities = 22/53 (41%), Positives = 30/53 (56%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
CS C +P+ ++A WHPE F+C+ C + +FFE D RP CE YH
Sbjct: 1 CSGCGRPVKENYLSAANGVWHPECFVCSDCLKPFTDGSFFELDGRPLCELHYH 53
Score = 36.7 bits (85), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 13/37 (35%), Positives = 19/37 (51%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGEA 180
CS C P+ + ++A WH E F C+ C K F +
Sbjct: 1 CSGCGRPVKENYLSAANGVWHPECFVCSDCLKPFTDG 37
>gnl|CDD|188793 cd09409, LIM3_Paxillin, The third LIM domain of paxillin. The
third LIM domain of paxillin: Paxillin is an adaptor
protein, which recruits key components of the
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations to respond to environmental changes rapidly.
The C-terminal region of paxillin contains four LIM
domains which target paxillin to focal adhesions,
presumably through a direct association with the
cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrin. The N-terminal of
paxillin is leucine-rich LD-motifs. Paxillin is found at
the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin
cytoskeleton. The binding partners of paxillin are
diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as
Src and FAK, structural proteins, such as vinculin and
actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization.
Paxillin recruits these proteins to their function sites
to control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion,
cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 54.8 bits (132), Expect = 8e-11
Identities = 23/53 (43%), Positives = 29/53 (54%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C C + I+ I+AL WHPE F+C C +FFE D +PYCE YH
Sbjct: 1 CGGCARAILENYISALNTLWHPECFVCRECFTPFVNGSFFEHDGQPYCEAHYH 53
Score = 33.3 bits (76), Expect = 0.007
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 17/34 (50%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
C C IL+ ++AL WH E F C +C F
Sbjct: 1 CGGCARAILENYISALNTLWHPECFVCRECFTPF 34
>gnl|CDD|188841 cd09457, LIM2_ENH, The second LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog
(ENH) family. The second LIM domain of the Enigma
Homolog (ENH) family: ENH was initially identified in
rat brain. Same as enigma, it contains three LIM domains
at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. ENH is
implicated in signal transduction processes involving
protein kinases. It has also been shown that ENH
interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM
domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C
subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel
in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ
domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ENH
is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal
muscle, heart, bone, and brain. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 52.0 bits (124), Expect = 8e-10
Identities = 22/52 (42%), Positives = 29/52 (55%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C + I+G+VI AL +TWH F+C C+ + F D PYCE DY
Sbjct: 1 CGRCQRKILGEVINALKQTWHVSCFVCVACHNPIRNNVFHLEDGEPYCETDY 52
Score = 33.5 bits (76), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 12/32 (37%), Positives = 16/32 (50%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGK 175
C C IL + + AL++TWH F C C
Sbjct: 1 CGRCQRKILGEVINALKQTWHVSCFVCVACHN 32
>gnl|CDD|188778 cd09392, LIM2_Lrg1p_like, The second LIM domain of Lrg1p, a LIM and
RhoGap domain containing protein. The second LIM domain
of Lrg1p, a LIM and RhoGap domain containing protein:
The members of this family contain three tandem repeats
of LIM domains and a Rho-type GTPase activating protein
(RhoGap) domain. Lrg1p is a Rho1 GTPase-activating
protein required for efficient cell fusion in yeast.
Lrg1p-GAP domain strongly and specifically stimulates
the GTPase activity of Rho1p, a regulator of beta
(1-3)-glucan synthase in vitro. The LIM domain is 50-60
amino acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 52.0 bits (125), Expect = 9e-10
Identities = 19/53 (35%), Positives = 28/53 (52%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGT-RNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C + G ITALG+ +H EHF C+ C G +++E + + YC Y
Sbjct: 1 CFKCGGALRGSYITALGRKYHVEHFTCSVCPTVFGPNDSYYEHEGKIYCHYHY 53
Score = 41.6 bits (98), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 14/35 (40%), Positives = 19/35 (54%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C C G + +TAL + +H EHF C+ C FG
Sbjct: 1 CFKCGGALRGSYITALGRKYHVEHFTCSVCPTVFG 35
>gnl|CDD|188839 cd09455, LIM1_Enigma_like_1, The first LIM domain of an Enigma
subfamily with unknown function. The first LIM domain
of an Enigma subfamily with unknown function: The Enigma
LIM domain family is comprised of three characterized
members: Enigma, ENH and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human).
These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at
the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus.
They serve as adaptor proteins, where the PDZ domain
tethers the protein to the cytoskeleton and the LIM
domains, recruit signaling proteins to implement
corresponding functions. The members of the Enigma
family have been implicated in regulating or organizing
cytoskeletal structure, as well as involving multiple
signaling pathways. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 51.7 bits (124), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 24/51 (47%), Positives = 30/51 (58%), Gaps = 2/51 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTH--CNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C SC++ I G ITALGK W P+HFIC + C + L F E + YCE
Sbjct: 1 CESCNQQIRGPFITALGKIWCPDHFICANASCRRPLQDIGFVEEKGQLYCE 51
Score = 35.9 bits (83), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 17/34 (50%), Gaps = 2/34 (5%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCA--QCGK 175
C CN I +TAL K W +HF CA C +
Sbjct: 1 CESCNQQIRGPFITALGKIWCPDHFICANASCRR 34
>gnl|CDD|188837 cd09453, LIM1_ENH, The first LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog (ENH)
family. The first LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog
(ENH) family: ENH was initially identified in rat brain.
Same as enigma, it contains three LIM domains at the
C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. ENH is
implicated in signal transduction processes involving
protein kinases. It has also been shown that ENH
interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM
domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C
subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel
in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ
domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ENH
is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal
muscle, heart, bone, and brain. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 51.2 bits (122), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 22/52 (42%), Positives = 29/52 (55%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C++C++ I G + ALGK+WHPE F C HC + F E YCE Y
Sbjct: 1 CATCNQVIRGPFLVALGKSWHPEEFNCAHCKSSMAYIGFVEEKGALYCEICY 52
Score = 32.7 bits (74), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 14/30 (46%), Positives = 17/30 (56%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C+ CN I + AL K+WH E F CA C
Sbjct: 1 CATCNQVIRGPFLVALGKSWHPEEFNCAHC 30
>gnl|CDD|188836 cd09452, LIM1_Enigma, The first LIM domain of Enigma. The first
LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized
in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at
the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The
third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin
receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the
receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein
APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction
processes such as mitogenic activity, insulin related
actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is
expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle,
heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 51.0 bits (122), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 20/52 (38%), Positives = 30/52 (57%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C+K I G+ + ALG+++HPE F C+ C + L FFE +C Y
Sbjct: 1 CAQCNKIIRGRYLVALGRSYHPEEFTCSQCKKVLDEGGFFEEKGSIFCPKCY 52
Score = 34.4 bits (79), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 14/36 (38%), Positives = 21/36 (58%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ CN I + + AL +++H E F C+QC K E
Sbjct: 1 CAQCNKIIRGRYLVALGRSYHPEEFTCSQCKKVLDE 36
>gnl|CDD|188727 cd09341, LIM2_Testin_like, The second LIM domain of Testin-like
family. The second LIM domain of Testin-like family:
This family includes testin, prickle, dyxin and
LIMPETin. Structurally, testin and prickle proteins
contain three LIM domains at C-terminal; LIMPETin has
six LIM domains; and dyxin presents only two LIM
domains. However, all members of the family contain a
PET protein-protein interaction domain. Testin is a
cytoskeleton associated focal adhesion protein that
localizes along actin stress fibers, at
cell-cell-contact areas, and at focal adhesion plaques.
Testin interacts with a variety of cytoskeletal
proteins, including zyxin, mena, VASP, talin, and actin
and it is involved in cell motility and adhesion events.
Prickles have been implicated in roles of regulating
tissue polarity or planar cell polarity (PCP). Dyxin
involves in lung and heart development by interaction
with GATA6 and blocking GATA6 activated target genes.
LIMPETin might be the recombinant product of genes
coding testin and four and half LIM proteins and its
function is not well understood. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 50.7 bits (122), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 21/54 (38%), Positives = 32/54 (59%), Gaps = 1/54 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C++CD+ I G+ A GK WH +HF C C++ LG + + R+ +PYC Y
Sbjct: 3 CAACDELIFSGEYTQAEGKNWHLKHFCCFQCDEPLGGQRYVLREGKPYCLDCYE 56
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 18/33 (54%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPIL-DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
PRC+ C+ I + A K WH +HF C QC
Sbjct: 1 PRCAACDELIFSGEYTQAEGKNWHLKHFCCFQC 33
>gnl|CDD|188840 cd09456, LIM2_Enigma, The second LIM domain of Enigma. The second
LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized
in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at
the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The
third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin
receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the
receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein
APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction
processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related
actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is
expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle,
heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 50.4 bits (120), Expect = 3e-09
Identities = 21/52 (40%), Positives = 28/52 (53%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C K I G+++ AL TWH F C C + R F+ + PYCE DY
Sbjct: 1 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVHCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 52
Score = 28.0 bits (62), Expect = 0.60
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 16/30 (53%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C+ C I + + AL+ TWH F CA C
Sbjct: 1 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVHCFTCAAC 30
>gnl|CDD|188739 cd09353, LIM2_Zyxin, The second LIM domain of Zyxin. The second
LIM domain of Zyxin: Zyxin exhibits three copies of the
LIM domain, an extensive proline-rich domain and a
nuclear export signal. Localized at sites of
cellsubstratum adhesion in fibroblasts, Zyxin interacts
with alpha-actinin, members of the cysteine-rich protein
(CRP) family, proteins that display Src homology 3 (SH3)
domains and Ena/VASP family members. Zyxin and its
partners have been implicated in the spatial control of
actin filament assembly as well as in pathways important
for cell differentiation. In addition to its functions
at focal adhesion plaques, recent work has shown that
zyxin moves from the sites of cell contacts to the
nucleus, where it directly participates in the
regulation of gene expression. As in other LIM domains,
this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and
shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors o r
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 60
Score = 49.9 bits (119), Expect = 6e-09
Identities = 21/60 (35%), Positives = 36/60 (60%), Gaps = 1/60 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQEL-GTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLFSPR 143
C+ CD+ I +++ A GK++HP+ F C C L G ++ ++P+C DYH ++PR
Sbjct: 1 CAVCDQKITDRMLKATGKSYHPQCFTCVVCKCPLEGESFIVDQANQPHCVNDYHRRYAPR 60
Score = 27.2 bits (60), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 10/30 (33%), Positives = 17/30 (56%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C+ C+ I D+ + A K++H + F C C
Sbjct: 1 CAVCDQKITDRMLKATGKSYHPQCFTCVVC 30
>gnl|CDD|188721 cd09335, LIM5_PINCH, The fifth LIM domain of protein PINCH. The
fifth LIM domain of protein PINCH: PINCH plays pivotal
roles in the assembly of focal adhesions (FAs),
regulating diverse functions in cell adhesion, growth,
and differentiation through LIM-mediated protein-protein
interactions. PINCH comprises an array of five LIM
domains that interact with integrin-linked kinase (ILK),
Nck2 (also called Nckbeta or Grb4) and other interaction
partners. These interactions are essential for
triggering the FA assembly and for relaying diverse
mechanical and biochemical signals between
Cell-extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton.
LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 49.3 bits (118), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 20/49 (40%), Positives = 32/49 (65%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRN-FFERDSRPYC 132
C C++ I G V++AL KTW +HF C+ C+ +L ++ F+E D +P C
Sbjct: 1 CYHCNQVIEGDVVSALNKTWCVDHFSCSFCDTKLTLKSKFYEFDMKPVC 49
Score = 39.6 bits (93), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 19/34 (55%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
C +CN I V+AL KTW +HF C+ C +
Sbjct: 1 CYHCNQVIEGDVVSALNKTWCVDHFSCSFCDTKL 34
>gnl|CDD|188715 cd09329, LIM3_abLIM, The third LIM domain of actin binding LIM
(abLIM) proteins. The third LIM domain of actin binding
LIM (abLIM) proteins: Three homologous members of the
abLIM protein family have been identified; abLIM-1,
abLIM-2 and abLIM-3. The N-terminal of abLIM consists of
four tandem repeats of LIM domains and the C-terminal of
acting binding LIM protein is a villin headpiece domain,
which has strong actin binding activity. The abLIM-1,
which is expressed in retina, brain, and muscle tissue,
has been indicated to function as a tumor suppressor.
AbLIM-2 and -3, mainly expressed in muscle and neuronal
tissue, bind to F-actin strongly. They may serve as a
scaffold for signaling modules of the actin cytoskeleton
and thereby modulate transcription. It has shown that
LIM domains of abLIMs interact with STARS (striated
muscle activator of Rho signaling), which directly binds
actin and stimulates serum-response factor
(SRF)-dependent transcription. All LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic highly
conserved zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 48.1 bits (115), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 22/53 (41%), Positives = 29/53 (54%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C + I GQ + AL K WH F C C + L T + +D +PYCE DY
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGQEIKNGQALLALDKQWHVWCFKCKECGKVL-TGEYMGKDGKPYCERDY 52
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 0.67
Identities = 17/42 (40%), Positives = 23/42 (54%), Gaps = 2/42 (4%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILD-KCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF-GEAMVK 183
C+ C I + + + AL+K WH F C +CGK GE M K
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGQEIKNGQALLALDKQWHVWCFKCKECGKVLTGEYMGK 42
>gnl|CDD|188717 cd09331, LIM1_PINCH, The first LIM domain of protein PINCH. The
first LIM domain of paxillin: Paxillin is an adaptor
protein, which recruits key components of the
signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular
locations to respond to environmental changes rapidly.
The C-terminal region of paxillin contains four LIM
domains which target paxillin to focal adhesions,
presumably through a direct association with the
cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrin. The N-terminal of
paxillin is leucine-rich LD-motifs. Paxillin is found at
the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin
cytoskeleton. The binding partners of paxillin are
diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as
Src and FAK, structural proteins, such as vinculin and
actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization.
Paxillin recruits these proteins to their function sites
to control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion,
cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 48.1 bits (115), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 15/41 (36%), Positives = 23/41 (56%)
Query: 101 GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLFS 141
G+ +H + F+C C Q F+E + R YCE D+ LF+
Sbjct: 19 GELYHEQCFVCAQCFQPFPDGLFYEFEGRKYCEHDFQVLFA 59
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.31
Identities = 11/36 (30%), Positives = 17/36 (47%), Gaps = 2/36 (5%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPIL--DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
C C +K V + + +H + F CAQC + F
Sbjct: 1 CERCREGFEPDEKIVNSNGELYHEQCFVCAQCFQPF 36
>gnl|CDD|188838 cd09454, LIM1_ZASP_Cypher, The first LIM domain of ZASP/Cypher
family. The first LIM domain of ZASP/Cypher family:
ZASP was identified in human heart and skeletal muscle
and Cypher is a mice ortholog of ZASP. ZASP/Cyppher
contains three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ
domain at N-terminus. ZASP/Cypher is required for
maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle
contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In
heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its
interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In
addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP
also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that
Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the
Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling
targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 46.5 bits (110), Expect = 8e-08
Identities = 21/52 (40%), Positives = 29/52 (55%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C+ I G + ALG++WHPE F C +C+ L +F E + YCE Y
Sbjct: 1 CGHCNNIIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCHYCHTSLADVSFVEEQNNVYCENCY 52
Score = 28.8 bits (64), Expect = 0.27
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 16/30 (53%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C +CN I + AL ++WH E F C C
Sbjct: 1 CGHCNNIIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCHYC 30
>gnl|CDD|188814 cd09430, LIM5_LIMPETin, The fifth LIM domain of protein LIMPETin.
The fifth LIM domain of protein LIMPETin: LIMPETin
contains 6 LIM domains at the C-terminal and an
N-terminal PET domain. Four of the six LIM domains are
highly homologous to the four and half LIM domain
protein family and two of them show sequence similarity
to the LIM domains of the testin family. Thus, LIMPETin
may be the recombinant product of genes coding testin
and FHL proteins. In Schistosoma mansoni, where
LIMPETin was first identified, LIMPETin is down
regulated in sexually mature adult Schistosoma females
compared to sexually immature adult females and adult
male. Its differential expression indicates that it is a
transcription regulator. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 46.3 bits (110), Expect = 9e-08
Identities = 20/48 (41%), Positives = 28/48 (58%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
CS C+K I +T + WH E F CT+C++ L + F RD +PYC
Sbjct: 1 CSKCNKIINSGGVTYKNEPWHRECFTCTNCSKSLAGQRFTSRDEKPYC 48
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 3.5
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 15/33 (45%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
CS CN I VT + WH E F C C K
Sbjct: 1 CSKCNKIINSGGVTYKNEPWHRECFTCTNCSKS 33
>gnl|CDD|188732 cd09346, LIM3_FHL, The third LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein (FHL). The third LIM domain of Four and
a half LIM domains protein (FHL): LIM-only protein
family consists of five members, designated FHL1, FHL2,
FHL3, FHL5 and LIMPETin. The first four members are
composed of four complete LIM domains arranged in tandem
and an N-terminal single zinc finger domain with a
consensus sequence equivalent to the C-terminal half of
a LIM domain. LIMPETin is an exception, containing six
LIM domains. FHL1, 2 and 3 are predominantly expressed
in muscle tissues, and FHL5 is highly expressed in male
germ cells. FHL proteins exert their roles as
transcription co-activators or co-repressors through a
wide array of interaction partners. For example, FHL1
binds to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin
filament formation and sarcomere assembly. FHL2 has
shown to interact with more than 50 different proteins,
including receptors, structural proteins, transcription
factors and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing
factors, DNA replication and repair enzymes, and
metabolic enzymes. FHL3 int eracts with many
transcription factors, such as CREB, BKLF/KLF3, CtBP2,
MyoD, and MZF_1. FHL5 is a tissue-specific coactivator
of CREB/CREM family transcription factors. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 46.2 bits (110), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 19/48 (39%), Positives = 26/48 (54%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C+ C K I +T + WH E F+CT C ++L + F RD PYC
Sbjct: 1 CAKCKKAITSGGVTYRDQPWHKECFVCTGCKKQLAGQRFTSRDEYPYC 48
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 16/33 (48%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
C+ C I VT ++ WH E F C C KQ
Sbjct: 1 CAKCKKAITSGGVTYRDQPWHKECFVCTGCKKQ 33
>gnl|CDD|188718 cd09332, LIM2_PINCH, The second LIM domain of protein PINCH. The
second LIM domain of protein PINCH: PINCH plays a
pivotal role in the assembly of focal adhesions (FAs),
regulating diverse functions in cell adhesion, growth,
and differentiation through LIM-mediated protein-protein
interactions. PINCH comprises an array of five LIM
domains that interact with integrin-linked kinase (ILK),
Nck2 (also called Nckbeta or Grb4) and other interaction
partners. These interactions are essential for
triggering the FA assembly and for relaying diverse
mechanical and biochemical signals between
Cell-extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton.
LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 45.4 bits (108), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 19/50 (38%), Positives = 27/50 (54%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEP 134
C C + ++G+VI A+ WHP+ F C CN+EL F + R C P
Sbjct: 1 CGKCGEFVIGRVIKAMNNNWHPDCFRCEICNKELADIGFVKNAGRALCHP 50
>gnl|CDD|188835 cd09451, LIM_RIL, The LIM domain of RIL. The LIM domain of RIL:
RIL contains an N-terminal PDZ domain, a LIM domain, and
a short consensus C-terminal region. It is the smallest
molecule in the ALP LIM domain containing protein
family. RIL was identified in rat fibroblasts and in
human lymphocytes. The LIM domain interacts with the
AMPA glutamate receptor in dendritic spines. The
consensus C-terminus interacts with PTP-BL, a
submembranous protein tyrosine phosphatase and the PDZ
domain is responsible to interact with alpha-actinin
molecules. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 44.9 bits (106), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 20/49 (40%), Positives = 27/49 (55%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C+ C IVG ++ A K +HPE F+C C L R +F D + YCE
Sbjct: 1 CTRCGNGIVGTIVKARDKLYHPECFMCDDCGLNLKQRGYFFIDEQLYCE 49
Score = 27.6 bits (61), Expect = 0.82
Identities = 12/31 (38%), Positives = 16/31 (51%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
C+ C I+ V A +K +H E F C CG
Sbjct: 1 CTRCGNGIVGTIVKARDKLYHPECFMCDDCG 31
>gnl|CDD|188802 cd09418, LIM2_Prickle, The second LIM domain of Prickle. The
second LIM domain of Prickle: Prickle contains three
C-terminal LIM domains and a N-terminal PET domain.
Prickles have been implicated in roles of regulating
tissue polarity or planar cell polarity (PCP). PCP
establishment requires the conserved
Frizzled/Dishevelled PCP pathway. Prickle interacts with
Dishevelled, thereby modulating Frizzled/Dishevelled
activity and PCP signaling. Two forms of prickles have
been identified; namely prickle 1 and prickle 2. Prickle
1 and prickle 2 are differentially expressed. While
prickle 1 is expressed in fetal heart and hematological
malignancies, prickle 2 is found in fetal brain, adult
cartilage, pancreatic islet, and some types of timorous
cells. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 45.1 bits (107), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 21/49 (42%), Positives = 29/49 (59%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVIT-ALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
CS+CD+ I T A G+ WH +HF C C +LG + + R+ RPYC
Sbjct: 3 CSACDEIIFADECTEAEGRHWHMKHFCCFECECQLGGQRYIMREGRPYC 51
Score = 37.0 bits (86), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 17/38 (44%), Positives = 22/38 (57%), Gaps = 1/38 (2%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPIL-DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
PRCS C+ I D+C A + WH +HF C +C Q G
Sbjct: 1 PRCSACDEIIFADECTEAEGRHWHMKHFCCFECECQLG 38
>gnl|CDD|188740 cd09354, LIM2_LPP, The second LIM domain of lipoma preferred
partner (LPP). The second LIM domain of lipoma
preferred partner (LPP): LPP is a member of the zyxin
LIM protein family and contains three LIM zinc-binding
domains at the C-terminal and proline-rich region at the
N-terminal. LPP initially identified as the most
frequent translocation partner of HMGA2 (High Mobility
Group A2) in a subgroup of benign tumors of adipose
tissue (lipomas). It was also shown to be rearranged in
a number of other soft tissues, as well as in a case of
acute monoblastic leukemia. In addition to its
involvement in tumors, LPP was inedited as a smooth
muscle restricted LIM protein that plays an important
role in SMC migration. LPP is localized at sites of cell
adhesion, cell-cell contacts and transiently in the
nucleus. In nucleus, it acts as a coactivator for the
ETS domain transcription factor PEA3. In addition to
PEA3, it interacts with alpha-actinin,vasodilator
stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP),Palladin, and Scrib.
The LIM domains are the main focal adhesion targeting
elements and that the proline- rich region, which
harbors binding sites for alpha-actinin and vasodilator-
stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), has a weak targeting
capacity. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 60
Score = 45.2 bits (107), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 22/60 (36%), Positives = 35/60 (58%), Gaps = 1/60 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNF-FERDSRPYCEPDYHNLFSPR 143
CS C KPI+ +++ A GK +HP+ F C C + L F + ++ +C D+H F+PR
Sbjct: 1 CSVCSKPILDRILRATGKPYHPQCFTCVVCGKSLDGIPFTVDATNQIHCIEDFHKKFAPR 60
Score = 32.1 bits (73), Expect = 0.023
Identities = 15/32 (46%), Positives = 20/32 (62%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGK 175
CS C+ PILD+ + A K +H + F C CGK
Sbjct: 1 CSVCSKPILDRILRATGKPYHPQCFTCVVCGK 32
>gnl|CDD|188808 cd09424, LIM2_FHL1, The second LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 1 (FHL1). The second LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1): FHL1 is
heavily expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles. It
plays important roles in muscle growth, differentiation,
and sarcomere assembly by acting as a modulator of
transcription factors. Defects in FHL1 gene are
responsible for a number of Muscular dystrophy-like
muscle disorders. It has been detected that FHL1 binds
to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin filament
formation and sarcomere assembly. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 58
Score = 44.8 bits (106), Expect = 4e-07
Identities = 20/58 (34%), Positives = 30/58 (51%), Gaps = 2/58 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLF 140
C C K I+ Q + G WH + F C++C Q +GT++FF + YC P + F
Sbjct: 1 CKGCYKDILAGDQNVEYKGNVWHKDCFTCSNCKQPIGTKSFFPKGEDFYCVPCHEKKF 58
>gnl|CDD|188714 cd09328, LIM2_abLIM, The second LIM domain on actin binding LIM
(abLIM) proteins. The second LIM domain of actin
binding LIM (abLIM) proteins: Three homologous members
of the abLIM protein family have been identified;
abLIM-1, abLIM-2 and abLIM-3. The N-terminal of abLIM
consists of four tandem repeats of LIM domains and the
C-terminal of acting binding LIM protein is a villin
headpiece domain, which has strong actin binding
activity. The abLIM-1, which is expressed in retina,
brain, and muscle tissue, has been indicated to function
as a tumor suppressor. AbLIM-2 and -3, mainly expressed
in muscle and neuronal tissue, bind to F-actin strongly.
They may serve as a scaffold for signaling modules of
the actin cytoskeleton and thereby modulate
transcription. It has shown that LIM domains of abLIMs
interact with STARS (striated muscle activator of Rho
signaling), which directly binds actin and stimulates
serum-response factor (SRF)-dependent transcription. All
LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic highly conserved zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 44.6 bits (106), Expect = 5e-07
Identities = 16/32 (50%), Positives = 24/32 (75%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQ 116
C SC + G+V++ALGKT+HP+ F+C+ C Q
Sbjct: 4 CDSCQDFVEGEVVSALGKTYHPKCFVCSVCRQ 35
Score = 35.4 bits (82), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 20/35 (57%)
Query: 143 RCSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
+C C + + V+AL KT+H + F C+ C + F
Sbjct: 3 KCDSCQDFVEGEVVSALGKTYHPKCFVCSVCRQPF 37
>gnl|CDD|188731 cd09345, LIM2_FHL, The second LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein (FHL). The second LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein (FHL): LIM-only protein
family consists of five members, designated FHL1, FHL2,
FHL3, FHL5 and LIMPETin. The first four members are
composed of four complete LIM domains arranged in tandem
and an N-terminal single zinc finger domain with a
consensus sequence equivalent to the C-terminal half of
a LIM domain. LIMPETin is an exception, containing six
LIM domains. FHL1, 2 and 3 are predominantly expressed
in muscle tissues, and FHL5 is highly expressed in male
germ cells. FHL proteins exert their roles as
transcription co-activators or co-repressors through a
wide array of interaction partners. For example, FHL1
binds to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin
filament formation and sarcomere assembly. FHL2 has
shown to interact with more than 50 different proteins,
including receptors, structural proteins, transcription
factors and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing
factors, DNA replication and repair enzymes, and
metabolic enzymes. FHL3 int eracts with many
transcription factors, such as CREB, BKLF/KLF3, CtBP2,
MyoD, and MZF_1. FHL5 is a tissue-specific coactivator
of CREB/CREM family transcription factors. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 44.2 bits (105), Expect = 7e-07
Identities = 19/54 (35%), Positives = 31/54 (57%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C +C K I+ + + GK WH + F C+ C + +GT++F +D + YC P Y
Sbjct: 1 CKACGKAIMPGSKKMEYKGKFWHEKCFTCSECKKPIGTKSFIPKDDKIYCVPCY 54
>gnl|CDD|188815 cd09431, LIM3_Fhl2, The third LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 2 (FHL2). The third LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2): FHL2 is one of
the best studied FHL proteins. FHL2 expression is most
abundant in the heart, and in brain, liver and lung to a
lesser extent. FHL2 participates in a wide range of
cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation,
signal transduction, and cell survival by binding to
various protein partners. FHL2 has shown to interact
with more than 50 different proteins, including
receptors, structural proteins, transcription factors
and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing factors, DNA
replication and repair enzymes, and metabolic enzymes.
Although FHL2 is abundantly expressed in heart, the fhl2
null mice are viable and had no detectable abnormal
cardiac phenotype. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to s upport the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 57
Score = 43.8 bits (103), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 21/57 (36%), Positives = 30/57 (52%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLFS 141
C C KPI +T + WH E F+CT C ++L + F RD YC + NL++
Sbjct: 1 CVQCKKPITTGGVTYRDQPWHKECFVCTGCKKQLSGQRFTSRDDFAYCLNCFCNLYA 57
Score = 29.2 bits (65), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
C C PI VT ++ WH E F C C KQ
Sbjct: 1 CVQCKKPITTGGVTYRDQPWHKECFVCTGCKKQL 34
>gnl|CDD|188785 cd09401, LIM_TLP_like, The LIM domains of thymus LIM protein
(TLP). The LIM domain of thymus LIM protein (TLP) like
proteins: This family includes the LIM domains of TLP
and CRIP (Cysteine-Rich Intestinal Protein). TLP is the
distant member of the CRP family of proteins. TLP has
two isomers (TLP-A and TLP-B) and sharing approximately
30% with each of the three other CRPs. Like CRP1, CRP2
and CRP3/MLP, TLP has two LIM domains, connected by a
flexible linker region. Unlike the CRPs, TLP lacks the
nuclear targeting signal (K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K) and is
localized solely in the cytoplasm. TLP is specifically
expressed in the thymus in a subset of cortical
epithelial cells. TLP has a role in development of
normal thymus and in controlling the development and
differentiation of thymic epithelial cells. CRIP is a
short LIM protein with only one LIM domain. CRIP gene is
developmentally regulated and can be induced by
glucocorticoid hormones during the first three postnatal
weeks. The domain shows close sequence homology to LIM
domain of thymus LIM protein. However, unlike the TLP
proteins which have two LIM domains, the members of this
family have only one LIM domain. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 43.5 bits (103), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 24/53 (45%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG-QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C KP+ + T+LG+ WH C C + L E + +PYC Y
Sbjct: 1 CPKCGKPVYFAEKKTSLGRDWHKPCLRCEKCKKTLTPGQHSEHEGKPYCNKCY 53
>gnl|CDD|188782 cd09396, LIM_DA1, The Lim domain of DA1. The Lim domain of DA1:
DA1 contains one copy of LIM domain and a domain of
unknown function. DA1 is predicted as an ubiquitin
receptor, which sets final seed and organ size by
restricting the period of cell proliferation. The LIM
domain is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 24/48 (50%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPY 131
C+ C I G+ ++ALG WHPE F C C + + F + PY
Sbjct: 1 CAGCKSEIGHGRFLSALGAVWHPECFRCHACRKPIAEHEFSVSGNDPY 48
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 12/33 (36%), Positives = 16/33 (48%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILD-KCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGK 175
C+ C I + ++AL WH E F C C K
Sbjct: 1 CAGCKSEIGHGRFLSALGAVWHPECFRCHACRK 33
>gnl|CDD|188750 cd09364, LIM1_LIMK, The first LIM domain of LIMK (LIM domain Kinase
). The first LIM domain of LIMK (LIM domain Kinase ):
LIMK protein family is comprised of two members LIMK1
and LIMK2. LIMK contains two LIM domains, a PDZ domain
and a kinase domain. LIMK is involved in the regulation
of actin polymerization and microtubule disassembly.
LIMK influences architecture of the actin cytoskeleton
by regulating the activity of the cofilin family
proteins cofilin1, cofilin2, and destrin. The mechanism
of the activation is to phosphorylates cofilin on serine
3 and inactivates its actin-severing activity, and
altering the rate of actin depolymerisation. LIMKs can
function in both cytoplasm and nucleus and are expressed
in all tissues. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 can act in the
nucleus to suppress Rac/Cdc42-dependent cyclin D1
expression. However, LIMK1 and LIMk2 have different
cellular locations. While LIMK1 localizes mainly at
focal adhesions, LIMK2 is found in cytoplasmic punctae,
suggesting that they may have different cellular
functions. The LIM domains of LIMK have been shown to
play an important role in regulating kinase activity and
likely also contribute to LIMK function by acting as
sites of protein-to-protein interactions. All LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 43.2 bits (102), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 18/53 (33%), Positives = 28/53 (52%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 84 CCSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C K + Q + AL + WH + F C+ C+ L + +FE+D + YC DY
Sbjct: 1 CAGCRGKILDSQYVQALNQDWHCDCFRCSVCSDSL-SNWYFEKDGKLYCRKDY 52
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 0.25
Identities = 14/31 (45%), Positives = 19/31 (61%), Gaps = 1/31 (3%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILD-KCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C+ C G ILD + V AL + WH + F C+ C
Sbjct: 1 CAGCRGKILDSQYVQALNQDWHCDCFRCSVC 31
>gnl|CDD|188741 cd09355, LIM2_Ajuba_like, The second LIM domain of Ajuba-like
proteins. The second LIM domain of Ajuba-like proteins:
Ajuba like LIM protein family includes three highly
homologous proteins Ajuba, Limd1, and WTIP. Members of
the family contain three tandem C-terminal LIM domains
and a proline-rich N-terminal region. This family of
proteins functions as scaffolds, participating in the
assembly of numerous protein complexes. In the
cytoplasm, Ajuba binds Grb2 to modulate serum-stimulated
ERK activation. Ajuba also recruits the TNF
receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to p62 and
activates PKCKappa activity. Ajuba interacts with
alpha-catenin and F-actin to contribute to the formation
or stabilization of adheren junctions by linking
adhesive receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. Although
Ajuba is a cytoplasmic protein, it can shuttle into the
nucleus. In nucleus, Ajuba functions as a corepressor
for the zinc finger-protein Snail. It binds to the SNAG
repression domain of Snail through its LIM region.
Arginine methyltransferase-5 (Prmt5), a protein in the
complex, is recruited to Snai l through an interaction
with Ajuba. This ternary complex functions to repress
E-cadherin, a Snail target gene. In addition, Ajuba
contains functional nuclear-receptor interacting motifs
and selectively interacts with retinoic acid receptors
(RARs) and rexinoid receptor (RXRs) to negatively
regulate retinoic acid signaling. Wtip, the
Wt1-interacting protein, was originally identified as an
interaction partner of the Wilms tumour protein 1 (WT1).
Wtip is involved in kidney and neural crest development.
Wtip interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ror2
and inhibits canonical Wnt signaling. LIMD1 was reported
to inhibit cell growth and metastases. The inhibition
may be mediated through an interaction with the protein
barrier-to-autointegration (BAF), a component of SWI/SNF
chromatin-remodeling protein; or through the interaction
with retinoblastoma protein (pRB), resulting in
inhibition of E2F-mediated transcription, and expression
of the majority of genes with E2F1- responsive elements.
Recently, Limd1 was shown to interact with the
p62/sequestosome protein and influence IL-1 and RANKL
signaling by facilitating the assembly of a
p62/TRAF6/a-PKC multi-protein complex. The Limd1-p62
interaction affects both NF-kappaB and AP-1 activity in
epithelial cells and osteoclasts. Moreover, LIMD1
functions as tumor repressor to block lung tumor cell
line in vitro and in vivo. Recent studies revealed that
LIM proteins Wtip, LIMD1 and Ajuba interact with
components of RNA induced silencing complexes (RISC) as
well as eIF4E and the mRNA m7GTP cap-protein complex and
are required for microRNA-mediated gene silencing. As
in other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 43.1 bits (102), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 19/53 (35%), Positives = 29/53 (54%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQEL-GTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C I+ ++ ALGK++HP F C CN+ L G + ++ YC DY
Sbjct: 1 CAVCGHLIMEMILQALGKSYHPGCFRCCVCNECLDGVPFTVDVENNIYCVKDY 53
>gnl|CDD|188834 cd09450, LIM_ALP, This family represents the LIM domain of ALP,
actinin-associated LIM protein. This family represents
the LIM domain of ALP, actinin-associated LIM protein.
ALP contains an N-terminal PDZ domain, a C-terminal LIM
domain and an ALP-subfamily-specific 34-amino-acid motif
termed ALP-like motif (AM), which contains a putative
consensus protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation site
and two alpha-helices. ALP proteins are found in heart
and in skeletal muscle. ALP may act as a signaling
molecule which is regulated by PKC-dependent signaling.
ALP plays an essential role in the development of RV
(right ventricle) chamber. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 43.0 bits (101), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 20/49 (40%), Positives = 27/49 (55%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C C IVG V+ A K HPE F+C+ CN L + +F + + YCE
Sbjct: 1 CDKCGSGIVGTVVKARDKYRHPECFVCSDCNLNLKQKGYFFVEGQLYCE 49
Score = 25.3 bits (55), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 11/31 (35%), Positives = 14/31 (45%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
C C I+ V A +K H E F C+ C
Sbjct: 1 CDKCGSGIVGTVVKARDKYRHPECFVCSDCN 31
>gnl|CDD|188777 cd09391, LIM1_Lrg1p_like, The first LIM domain of Lrg1p, a LIM and
RhoGap domain containing protein. The first LIM domain
of Lrg1p, a LIM and RhoGap domain containing protein:
The members of this family contain three tandem repeats
of LIM domains and a Rho-type GTPase activating protein
(RhoGap) domain. Lrg1p is a Rho1 GTPase-activating
protein required for efficient cell fusion in yeast.
Lrg1p-GAP domain strongly and specifically stimulates
the GTPase activity of Rho1p, a regulator of beta
(1-3)-glucan synthase in vitro. The LIM domain is 50-60
amino acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 57
Score = 43.1 bits (102), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 22/58 (37%), Positives = 30/58 (51%), Gaps = 7/58 (12%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSR------PYCEPDY 136
C+ C KPI GQ + ALG +H + F C C + + ++ FF D P CE DY
Sbjct: 1 CAKCGKPITGQFVRALGDVYHLDCFTCHDCGKPVASK-FFPVDDPDTSEQVPLCETDY 57
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 17/33 (51%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
C+ C PI + V AL +H + F C CGK
Sbjct: 1 CAKCGKPITGQFVRALGDVYHLDCFTCHDCGKP 33
>gnl|CDD|188746 cd09360, LIM_ALP_like, The LIM domain of ALP (actinin-associated
LIM protein) family. This family represents the LIM
domain of ALP (actinin-associated LIM protein) family.
Four proteins: ALP, CLP36, RIL, and Mystique have been
classified into the ALP subfamily of LIM domain
proteins. Each member of the subfamily contains an
N-terminal PDZ domain and a C-terminal LIM domain.
Functionally, these proteins bind to alpha-actinin
through their PDZ domains and bind or other signaling
molecules through their LIM domains. ALP proteins have
been implicated in cardiac and skeletal muscle
structure, function and disease, platelet, and
epithelial cell motility. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 42.0 bits (99), Expect = 4e-06
Identities = 19/49 (38%), Positives = 24/49 (48%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C C IVG V+ A K HPE F+C C L + +F + YCE
Sbjct: 1 CDKCGNGIVGVVVKARDKNRHPECFVCADCGLNLKNKGYFFIEDELYCE 49
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 2.1
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 15/31 (48%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
C C I+ V A +K H E F CA CG
Sbjct: 1 CDKCGNGIVGVVVKARDKNRHPECFVCADCG 31
>gnl|CDD|188824 cd09440, LIM1_SF3, The first Lim domain of pollen specific protein
SF3. The first Lim domain of pollen specific protein
SF3: SF3 is a Lim protein that is found exclusively in
mature plant pollen grains. It contains two LIM domains.
The exact function of SF3 is unknown. It may be a
transcription factor required for the expression of late
pollen genes. It is possible that SF3 protein is
involved in controlling pollen-specific processes such
as male gamete maturation, pollen tube formation, or
even fertilization. As in other LIM domains, this domain
family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 63
Score = 42.1 bits (99), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 22/63 (34%), Positives = 33/63 (52%), Gaps = 3/63 (4%)
Query: 79 TTQKGCCSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
TTQK C +CDK + + ++A G +H F C+HC L N+ + YC+P +
Sbjct: 1 TTQK--CKACDKTVYLVDQLSADGVVYHKSCFRCSHCKGTLKLSNYSSMEGVLYCKPHFE 58
Query: 138 NLF 140
LF
Sbjct: 59 QLF 61
>gnl|CDD|188749 cd09363, LIM3_Enigma_like, The third LIM domain of Enigma-like
family. The third LIM domain of Enigma-like family: The
Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three members:
Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These
subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the
N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus.
Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is
expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle,
heart, bone, and brain. The third LIM domain
specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the
second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine
kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is
implicated in signal transduction processes, such as
mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization,
and glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein,
was first identified in rat brain. It has been shown
that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its
LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the
alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium
channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal
PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line.
ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line
structure during muscle contraction, but not required
for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a
structural role through its interaction with
cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is
increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs
signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP
interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC
phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 40.9 bits (96), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 18/50 (36%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 2/50 (4%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C CD PI + + ALG TWH F+C C+ L + F+ + +P C
Sbjct: 1 CHGCDFPIEAGDRFLEALGHTWHDTCFVCAVCHVNLEGQTFYSKKDKPLC 50
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 14/32 (43%), Positives = 17/32 (53%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPIL--DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C C+ PI D+ + AL TWH F CA C
Sbjct: 1 CHGCDFPIEAGDRFLEALGHTWHDTCFVCAVC 32
>gnl|CDD|188843 cd09459, LIM3_ENH, The third LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog (ENH)
family. The third LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog
(ENH) family: ENH was initially identified in rat brain.
Same as enigma, it contains three LIM domains at the
C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. ENH is
implicated in signal transduction processes involving
protein kinases. It has also been shown that ENH
interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM
domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C
subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel
in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ
domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ENH
is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal
muscle, heart, bone, and brain. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 40.7 bits (95), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 19/55 (34%), Positives = 29/55 (52%), Gaps = 2/55 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C C+ PI + + ALG TWH F+C+ C + L + FF + +P C+ H
Sbjct: 1 CHGCEFPIEAGDRFLEALGHTWHDTCFVCSVCCESLEGQTFFSKKDKPLCKKHAH 55
>gnl|CDD|188758 cd09372, LIM2_FBLP-1, The second LIM domain of the filamin-binding
LIM protein-1 (FBLP-1). The second LIM domain of the
filamin-binding LIM protein-1 (FBLP-1): Fblp-1 contains
a proline-rich domain near its N terminus and two LIM
domains at its C terminus. FBLP-1 mRNA was detected in a
variety of tissues and cells including platelets and
endothelial cells. FBLP-1 binds to Filamins. The
association between filamin B and FBLP-1 may play an
unknown role in cytoskeletal function, cell adhesion,
and cell motility. As in other LIM domains, this domain
family is 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 40.5 bits (95), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 19/53 (35%), Positives = 27/53 (50%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNF-FERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C I +I ALGK +HP F C C + +G +F + + YC DY
Sbjct: 1 CAKCQGVITEHIIRALGKGYHPPCFTCVTCGRRIGDESFAVDEQNEVYCLDDY 53
Score = 32.0 bits (73), Expect = 0.017
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 20/36 (55%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ C G I + + AL K +H F C CG++ G+
Sbjct: 1 CAKCQGVITEHIIRALGKGYHPPCFTCVTCGRRIGD 36
>gnl|CDD|188737 cd09351, LIM1_LPP, The first LIM domain of lipoma preferred partner
(LPP). The first LIM domain of lipoma preferred partner
(LPP): LPP is a member of the zyxin LIM protein family
and contains three LIM zinc-binding domains at the
C-terminal and proline-rich region at the N-terminal.
LPP initially identified as the most frequent
translocation partner of HMGA2 (High Mobility Group A2)
in a subgroup of benign tumors of adipose tissue
(lipomas). It was also shown to be rearranged in a
number of other soft tissues, as well as in a case of
acute monoblastic leukemia. In addition to its
involvement in tumors, LPP was inedited as a smooth
muscle restricted LIM protein that plays an important
role in SMC migration. LPP is localized at sites of cell
adhesion, cell-cell contacts and transiently in the
nucleus. In nucleus, it acts as a coactivator for the
ETS domain transcription factor PEA3. In addition to
PEA3, it interacts with alpha-actinin,vasodilator
stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP),Palladin, and Scrib.
The LIM domains are the main focal adhesion targeting
elements and that the proline- rich region, which
harbors binding sites for alpha-actinin and vasodilator-
stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), has a weak targeting
capacity. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 54
Score = 40.5 bits (95), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 28/54 (51%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQV--ITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C + ++G+ TA+ + +H F C C L + F+ D +PYCE DY
Sbjct: 1 CVKCGEKVLGEGSGCTAMDQVYHISCFTCHQCQINLQGKPFYALDGKPYCEEDY 54
>gnl|CDD|188809 cd09425, LIM4_LIMPETin, The fourth LIM domain of protein LIMPETin.
The fourth LIM domain of protein LIMPETin: LIMPETin
contains 6 LIM domains at the C-terminal and an
N-terminal PET domain. Four of the six LIM domains are
highly homologous to the four and half LIM domain
protein family and two of them show sequence similarity
to the LIM domains of the Testin family. Thus, LIMPETin
may be the recombinant product of genes coding testin
and FHL proteins. In Schistosoma mansoni, where
LIMPETin was first identified, LIMPETin is down
regulated in sexually mature adult Schistosoma females
compared to sexually immature adult females and adult
male. Its differential expression indicates that it is a
transcription regulator. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 40.1 bits (94), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 15/36 (41%), Positives = 21/36 (58%)
Query: 101 GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
G+ WH + F C C Q +GT++F +D YC P Y
Sbjct: 19 GQQWHEKCFCCCECKQPIGTKSFIPKDDDVYCVPCY 54
>gnl|CDD|188844 cd09460, LIM3_ZASP_Cypher, The third LIM domain of ZASP/Cypher
family. The third LIM domain of ZASP/Cypher family:
ZASP was identified in human heart and skeletal muscle
and Cypher is a mice ortholog of ZASP. ZASP/Cyppher
contains three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ
domain at N-terminus. ZASP/Cypher is required for
maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle
contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In
heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its
interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In
addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP
also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that
Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the
Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling
targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 40.0 bits (93), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 20/55 (36%), Positives = 28/55 (50%), Gaps = 2/55 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C CD P+ + I ALG TWH FIC C+ L + F+ + +P C+ H
Sbjct: 1 CHGCDFPVEAGDKFIEALGHTWHDTCFICAVCHVNLEGQPFYSKKDKPLCKKHAH 55
Score = 26.2 bits (57), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 14/32 (43%), Positives = 17/32 (53%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPIL--DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C C+ P+ DK + AL TWH F CA C
Sbjct: 1 CHGCDFPVEAGDKFIEALGHTWHDTCFICAVC 32
>gnl|CDD|188846 cd09462, LIM1_LIMK1, The first LIM domain of LIMK1 (LIM domain
Kinase 1). The first LIM domain of LIMK1 (LIM domain
Kinase 1): LIMK1 belongs to the LIMK protein family,
which comprises LIMK1 and LIMK2. LIMK contains two LIM
domains, a PDZ domain, and a kinase domain. LIMK is
involved in the regulation of actin polymerization and
microtubule disassembly. LIMK influences architecture of
the actin cytoskeleton by regulating the activity of the
cofilin family proteins cofilin1, cofilin2, and destrin.
The mechanism of the activation is to phosphorylates
cofilin on serine 3 and inactivates its actin-severing
activity, and altering the rate of actin
depolymerization. LIMKs can function in both cytoplasm
and nucleus. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 can act in the nucleus
to suppress Rac/Cdc42-dependent cyclin D1 expression.
LIMK1 is expressed in all tissues and is localized to
focal adhesions in the cell. LIMK1 can form homodimers
upon binding of HSP90 and is activated by Rho effector
Rho kinase and MAPKAPK2. LIMK1 is important for normal
central nervous system development, and its deletion has
been implicated in the development of the human genetic
disorder Williams syndrome. Moreover, LIMK1 up-regulates
the promoter activity of urokinase type plasminogen
activator and induces its mRNA and protein expression in
breast cancer cells. The LIM domains have been shown to
play an important role in regulating kinase activity and
likely also contribute to LIMK function by acting as
sites of protein-to-protein interactions. All LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 74
Score = 39.9 bits (93), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 20/53 (37%), Positives = 30/53 (56%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+SC + I GQ + AL WH + F C C L + ++E+D R +C+ DY
Sbjct: 22 CASCGQSIYDGQYLQALNSDWHADCFRCCECGASL-SHWYYEKDGRLFCKKDY 73
Score = 29.5 bits (66), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 17/34 (50%), Gaps = 1/34 (2%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPILDKC-VTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
P C+ C I D + AL WH + F C +CG
Sbjct: 20 PVCASCGQSIYDGQYLQALNSDWHADCFRCCECG 53
>gnl|CDD|188810 cd09426, LIM2_FHL2, The second LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 2 (FHL2). The second LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2): FHL2 is one of
the best studied FHL proteins. FHL2 expression is most
abundant in the heart, and in brain, liver and lung to a
lesser extent. FHL2 participates in a wide range of
cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation,
signal transduction, and cell survival by binding to
various protein partners. FHL2 has shown to interact
with more than 50 different proteins, including
receptors, structural proteins, transcription factors
and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing factors, DNA
replication and repair enzymes, and metabolic enzymes.
Although FHL2 is abundantly expressed in heart, the fhl2
null mice are viable and had no detectable abnormal
cardiac phenotype. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to s upport the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 57
Score = 38.9 bits (90), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 20/54 (37%), Positives = 31/54 (57%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
CS C K I+ + + G +WH FIC C Q +GT++F +D++ +C P Y
Sbjct: 1 CSECKKTIMPGTRKMEYKGNSWHETCFICQRCQQPIGTKSFIPKDNQNFCVPCY 54
>gnl|CDD|188736 cd09350, LIM1_TRIP6, The first LIM domain of Thyroid
receptor-interacting protein 6 (TRIP6). The first LIM
domain of Thyroid receptor-interacting protein 6
(TRIP6): TRIP6 is a member of the zyxin LIM protein
family and contains three LIM zinc-binding domains at
the C-terminal. TRIP6 protein localizes to focal
adhesion sites and along actin stress fibers.
Recruitment of this protein to the plasma membrane
occurs in a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-dependent
manner. TRIP6 recruits a number of molecules involved in
actin assembly, cell motility, survival and
transcriptional control. The function of TRIP6 in cell
motility is regulated by Src-dependent phosphorylation
at a Tyr residue. The phosphorylation activates the
coupling to the Crk SH2 domain, which is required for
the function of TRIP6 in promoting lysophosphatidic acid
(LPA)-induced cell migration. TRIP6 can shuttle to the
nucleus to serve as a coactivator of AP-1 and NF-kappaB
transcriptional factors. Moreover, TRIP6 can form a
ternary complex with the NHERF2 PDZ protein and LPA2
receptor to regulate LPA-induced activation of ERK and
AKT, rendering cells resistant to chemotherapy. Recent
evidence shows that TRIP6 antagonizes Fas-Induced
apoptosis by enhancing the antiapoptotic effect of LPA
in cells. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 54
Score = 38.5 bits (90), Expect = 9e-05
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 30/54 (55%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQV--ITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C + +VG+ TA+ + +H + F C CN +L + F+ + + YCEP Y
Sbjct: 1 CGRCGENVVGEGTGCTAMDQVFHVDCFTCMTCNGKLRGQPFYAVEKKAYCEPCY 54
>gnl|CDD|188801 cd09417, LIM2_LIMPETin_like, The second LIM domain of protein
LIMPETin and related proteins. The second LIM domain of
protein LIMPETin: LIMPETin contains 6 LIM domains at the
C-terminal and an N-terminal PET domain. Four of the six
LIM domains are highly homologous to the four and half
LIM domain protein family and two of them show sequence
similarity to the LIM domains of the testin family.
Thus, LIMPETin may be the recombinant product of genes
coding testin and FHL proteins. In Schistosoma mansoni,
where LIMPETin was first identified, LIMPETin is down
regulated in sexually mature adult Schistosoma females
compared to sexually immature adult females and adult
male. Its differential expression indicates that it is a
transcription regulator. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 38.7 bits (90), Expect = 9e-05
Identities = 18/49 (36%), Positives = 25/49 (51%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
CD+ I G+ A+ K WH HF C C++ L + + RD PYC
Sbjct: 3 SVQCDELIFSGEYTKAMNKDWHSGHFCCWQCDESLTGQRYVLRDEHPYC 51
Score = 27.5 bits (61), Expect = 0.83
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 16/33 (48%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPILDKCVT-ALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
R C+ I T A+ K WH+ HF C QC
Sbjct: 1 DRSVQCDELIFSGEYTKAMNKDWHSGHFCCWQC 33
>gnl|CDD|188845 cd09461, LIM3_Enigma_like_1, The third LIM domain of an Enigma
subfamily with unknown function. The third LIM domain
of an Enigma subfamily with unknown function: The Enigma
LIM domain family is comprised of three characterized
members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human).
These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at
the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus.
They serve as adaptor proteins, where the PDZ domain
tethers the protein to the cytoskeleton and the LIM
domains, recruit signaling proteins to implement
corresponding functions. The members of the enigma
family have been implicated in regulating or organizing
cytoskeletal structure, as well as involving multiple
signaling pathways. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 38.3 bits (89), Expect = 9e-05
Identities = 18/51 (35%), Positives = 28/51 (54%), Gaps = 2/51 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C SC PI + + AL +H + F CT CN L ++F+ + RP+C+
Sbjct: 1 CVSCGFPIEAGDRWVEALNNNYHSQCFNCTRCNVNLEGQSFYAKGGRPFCK 51
>gnl|CDD|188713 cd09327, LIM1_abLIM, The first LIM domain of actin binding LIM
(abLIM) proteins. The first LIM domain of actin binding
LIM (abLIM) proteins: Three homologous members of the
abLIM protein family have been identified; abLIM-1,
abLIM-2 and abLIM-3. The N-terminal of abLIM consists of
four tandem repeats of LIM domains and the C-terminal of
acting binding LIM protein is a villin headpiece domain,
which has strong actin binding activity. The abLIM-1,
which is expressed in retina, brain, and muscle tissue,
has been indicated to function as a tumor suppressor.
AbLIM-2 and -3, mainly expressed in muscle and neuronal
tissue, bind to F-actin strongly. They may serve as a
scaffold for signaling modules of the actin cytoskeleton
and thereby modulate transcription. It has shown that
LIM domains of abLIMs interact with STARS (striated
muscle activator of Rho signaling), which directly binds
actin and stimulates serum-response factor
(SRF)-dependent transcription. All LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic highly
conserved zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 38.0 bits (89), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 17/52 (32%), Positives = 24/52 (46%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C K G+V+ K +H + F C C +L FF ++ YC DY
Sbjct: 1 CYKCGKKCKGEVLRVQDKYFHIKCFTCKVCGCDLAQGGFFVKEGEYYCTDDY 52
>gnl|CDD|188811 cd09427, LIM2_FHL3, The second LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 3 (FHL3). The second LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 3 (FHL3): FHL3 is highly
expressed in the skeleton and cardiac muscles and
possesses the transactivation and repression activities.
FHL3 interacts with many transcription factors, such as
CREB, BKLF/KLF3, CtBP2, MyoD, and MZF_1. Moreover, FHL3
interacts with alpha- and beta-subunits of the muscle
alpha7beta1 integrin receptor. FHL3 was also proved to
possess the auto-activation ability and was confirmed
that the second zinc finger motif in fourth LIM domain
was responsible for the auto-activation of FHL3. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 58
Score = 38.3 bits (89), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 19/54 (35%), Positives = 28/54 (51%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C +C K ++ + + G+TWH FIC C Q +G+R+F YC P Y
Sbjct: 4 CVACGKTVMPGSRKLEYEGQTWHEHCFICHGCEQPIGSRSFIPDKDEHYCVPCY 57
>gnl|CDD|188735 cd09349, LIM1_Zyxin, The first LIM domain of Zyxin. The first LIM
domain of Zyxin: Zyxin exhibits three copies of the LIM
domain, an extensive proline-rich domain and a nuclear
export signal. Localized at sites of cell substratum
adhesion in fibroblasts, Zyxin interacts with
alpha-actinin, members of the cysteine-rich protein
(CRP) family, proteins that display Src homology 3 (SH3)
domains and Ena/VASP family members. Zyxin and its
partners have been implicated in the spatial control of
actin filament assembly as well as in pathways important
for cell differentiation. In addition to its functions
at focal adhesion plaques, recent work has shown that
zyxin moves from the sites of cell contacts to the
nucleus, where it directly participates in the
regulation of gene expression. As in other LIM domains,
this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and
shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 87
Score = 38.7 bits (90), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 27/54 (50%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ--VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C +P+ + ALG +H F C C Q+L + F+ + +PYCE Y
Sbjct: 34 CGICGQPLSRTQPAVRALGHLFHVTCFTCHQCEQQLQGQQFYSLEGKPYCEECY 87
Score = 25.6 bits (56), Expect = 8.2
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 15/35 (42%), Gaps = 2/35 (5%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPIL--DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
C C P+ V AL +H F C QC +Q
Sbjct: 34 CGICGQPLSRTQPAVRALGHLFHVTCFTCHQCEQQ 68
>gnl|CDD|188753 cd09367, LIM1_Lhx1_Lhx5, The first LIM domain of Lhx1 (also known
as Lim1) and Lhx5. The first LIM domain of Lhx1 (also
known as Lim1) and Lhx5. Lhx1 and Lhx5 are closely
related members of LHX protein family, which features
two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a C-terminal DNA
binding homeodomain. Members of LHX family are found in
the nucleus and act as transcription factors or
cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the development
of specialized cells in multiple tissue types, including
the nervous system, skeletal muscle, the heart, the
kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as the pituitary
gland and the pancreas. Lhx1 is required for regulating
the vertebrate head organizer, the nervous system, and
female reproductive tract development. During
embryogenesis in the mouse, Lhx1 is expressed early in
mesodermal tissue, then later during urogenital, kidney,
liver, and nervous system development. In the adult,
expression is restricted to the kidney and brain. A
mouse embryos with Lhx1 gene knockout cannot grow normal
anterior head structures, kidneys, and gonads, but with
normally developed trunk and tail morphology. In the
developing nervous system, Lhx1 is required to direct
the trajectories of motor axons in the limb. Lhx1 null
female mice lack the oviducts and uterus. Lhx5 protein
may play complementary or overlapping roles with Lhx1.
The expression of Lhx5 in the anterior portion of the
mouse neural tube suggests a role in patterning of the
forebrain. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size
and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 37.8 bits (88), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 28/53 (52%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ-VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ CD+PI+ + ++ L + WH + C C L T F R+ + YC D+
Sbjct: 1 CAGCDRPILDKFLLNVLDRAWHAKCVQCCDCKCPL-TEKCFSREGKLYCRNDF 52
Score = 29.7 bits (67), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 12/31 (38%), Positives = 18/31 (58%), Gaps = 1/31 (3%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDK-CVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
C+ C+ PILDK + L++ WH + C C
Sbjct: 1 CAGCDRPILDKFLLNVLDRAWHAKCVQCCDC 31
>gnl|CDD|188742 cd09356, LIM2_TRIP6, The second LIM domain of Thyroid
receptor-interacting protein 6 (TRIP6). The second LIM
domain of Thyroid receptor-interacting protein 6
(TRIP6): TRIP6 is a member of the zyxin LIM protein
family and contains three LIM zinc-binding domains at
the C-terminal. TRIP6 protein localizes to focal
adhesion sites and along actin stress fibers.
Recruitment of this protein to the plasma membrane
occurs in a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-dependent
manner. TRIP6 recruits a number of molecules involved in
actin assembly, cell motility, survival and
transcriptional control. The function of TRIP6 in cell
motility is regulated by Src-dependent phosphorylation
at a Tyr residue. The phosphorylation activates the
coupling to the Crk SH2 domain, which is required for
the function of TRIP6 in promoting lysophosphatidic acid
(LPA)-induced cell migration. TRIP6 can shuttle to the
nucleus to serve as a coactivator of AP-1 and NF-kappaB
transcriptional factors. Moreover, TRIP6 can form a
ternary complex with the NHERF2 PDZ protein and LPA2
receptor to regulate LPA-induced activation of ERK and
AKT, rendering cells resistant to chemotherapy. Recent
evidence shows that TRIP6 antagonizes Fas-Induced
apoptosis by enhancing the antiapoptotic effect of LPA
in cells. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 37.5 bits (87), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 15/34 (44%), Positives = 22/34 (64%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQEL 118
CS C KPI+ +++ A GK +HP F C C++ L
Sbjct: 1 CSVCSKPIMERILRATGKAYHPHCFTCVVCHRSL 34
Score = 28.3 bits (63), Expect = 0.37
Identities = 11/30 (36%), Positives = 17/30 (56%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
CS C+ PI+++ + A K +H F C C
Sbjct: 1 CSVCSKPIMERILRATGKAYHPHCFTCVVC 30
>gnl|CDD|188813 cd09429, LIM3_FHL1, The third LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 1 (FHL1). The third LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1): FHL1 is
heavily expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles. It
plays important roles in muscle growth, differentiation,
and sarcomere assembly by acting as a modulator of
transcription factors. Defects in FHL1 gene are
responsible for a number of Muscular dystrophy-like
muscle disorders. It has been detected that FHL1 binds
to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin filament
formation and sarcomere assembly. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 36.7 bits (85), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 27/48 (56%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C+KPI +T + WH E F+C+ C+++L + F + + YC
Sbjct: 1 CVKCNKPITSGGVTYQDQPWHSECFVCSSCSKKLAGQRFTAVEDQYYC 48
Score = 31.7 bits (72), Expect = 0.024
Identities = 14/35 (40%), Positives = 19/35 (54%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C CN PI VT ++ WH+E F C+ C K+
Sbjct: 1 CVKCNKPITSGGVTYQDQPWHSECFVCSSCSKKLA 35
>gnl|CDD|188719 cd09333, LIM3_PINCH, The third LIM domain of protein PINCH. The
third LIM domain of protein PINCH: PINCH plays pivotal
roles in the assembly of focal adhesions (FAs),
regulating diverse functions in cell adhesion, growth,
and differentiation through LIM-mediated protein-protein
interactions. PINCH comprises an array of five LIM
domains that interact with integrin-linked kinase (ILK),
Nck2 (also called Nckbeta or Grb4) and other interaction
partners. These interactions are essential for
triggering the FA assembly and for relaying diverse
mechanical and biochemical signals between
Cell-extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton.
LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 51
Score = 36.6 bits (85), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 17/50 (34%), Positives = 22/50 (44%), Gaps = 1/50 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEP 134
C C I Q + G +HP HF C +C +EL T + E YC
Sbjct: 1 CQKCHAIIEEQHLKFKGDPYHPYHFNCANCGKEL-TADARELKGELYCLR 49
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.43
Identities = 11/37 (29%), Positives = 17/37 (45%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGEA 180
C C+ I ++ + +H HF CA CGK+
Sbjct: 1 CQKCHAIIEEQHLKFKGDPYHPYHFNCANCGKELTAD 37
>gnl|CDD|188862 cd09478, LIM_CRIP, The LIM domain of Cysteine-Rich Intestinal
Protein (CRIP). The LIM domain of Cysteine-Rich
Intestinal Protein (CRIP): CRIP is a short protein with
only one LIM domain. CRIP gene is developmentally
regulated and can be induced by glucocorticoid hormones
during the first three postnatal weeks. The domain shows
close sequence homology to LIM domain of thymus LIM
protein. However, unlike the TLP proteins which have two
LIM domains, the members of this family have only one
LIM domain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size
and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 36.8 bits (85), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 18/49 (36%), Positives = 25/49 (51%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C CDK + + +T+LGK WH C C + L + E D +PYC
Sbjct: 1 CPKCDKEVYFAERVTSLGKDWHRPCLKCEKCGKTLTPGSHAEHDGKPYC 49
>gnl|CDD|188738 cd09352, LIM1_Ajuba_like, The first LIM domain of Ajuba-like
proteins. The first LIM domain of Ajuba-like proteins:
Ajuba like LIM protein family includes three highly
homologous proteins Ajuba, Limd1, and WTIP. Members of
the family contain three tandem C-terminal LIM domains
and a proline-rich N-terminal region. This family of
proteins functions as scaffolds, participating in the
assembly of numerous protein complexes. In the
cytoplasm, Ajuba binds Grb2 to modulate serum-stimulated
ERK activation. Ajuba also recruits the TNF
receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to p62 and
activates PKCKappa activity. Ajuba interacts with
alpha-catenin and F-actin to contribute to the formation
or stabilization of adheren junctions by linking
adhesive receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. Although
Ajuba is a cytoplasmic protein, it can shuttle into the
nucleus. In nucleus, Ajuba functions as a corepressor
for the zinc finger-protein Snail. It binds to the SNAG
repression domain of Snail through its LIM region.
Arginine methyltransferase-5 (Prmt5), a protein in the
complex, is recruited to Snai l through an interaction
with Ajuba. This ternary complex functions to repress
E-cadherin, a Snail target gene. In addition, Ajuba
contains functional nuclear-receptor interacting motifs
and selectively interacts with retinoic acid receptors
(RARs) and rexinoid receptor (RXRs) to negatively
regulate retinoic acid signaling. Wtip, the
Wt1-interacting protein, was originally identified as an
interaction partner of the Wilms tumour protein 1 (WT1).
Wtip is involved in kidney and neural crest development.
Wtip interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ror2
and inhibits canonical Wnt signaling. LIMD1 was reported
to inhibit cell growth and metastases. The inhibition
may be mediated through an interaction with the protein
barrier-to-autointegration (BAF), a component of SWI/SNF
chromatin-remodeling protein; or through the interaction
with retinoblastoma protein (pRB), resulting in
inhibition of E2F-mediated transcription, and expression
of the majority of genes with E2F1- responsive elements.
Recently, Limd1 was shown to interact with the
p62/sequestosome protein and influence IL-1 and RANKL
signaling by facilitating the assembly of a
p62/TRAF6/a-PKC multi-protein complex. The Limd1-p62
interaction affects both NF-kappaB and AP-1 activity in
epithelial cells and osteoclasts. Moreover, LIMD1
functions as tumor repressor to block lung tumor cell
line in vitro and in vivo. Recent studies revealed that
LIM proteins Wtip, LIMD1 and Ajuba interact with
components of RNA induced silencing complexes (RISC) as
well as eIF4E and the mRNA m7GTP cap-protein complex and
are required for microRNA-mediated gene silencing. As
in other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 54
Score = 35.9 bits (83), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 26/54 (48%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C K + G Q A+G +H F C C + L + F+ + + YCE DY
Sbjct: 1 CVKCGKGVYGASQACQAMGNLYHTNCFTCCSCGRTLRGKAFYNVNGKVYCEEDY 54
>gnl|CDD|188755 cd09369, LIM1_Lhx2_Lhx9, The first LIM domain of Lhx2 and Lhx9
family. The first LIM domain of Lhx2 and Lhx9 family:
Lhx2 and Lhx9 are highly homologous LHX regulatory
proteins. They belong to the LHX protein family, which
features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. Although Lhx2 and
Lhx9 are highly homologous, they seems to play
regulatory roles in different organs. In animals, Lhx2
plays important roles in eye, cerebral cortex, limb, the
olfactory organs, and erythrocyte development. Lhx2 gene
knockout mice exhibit impaired patterning of the
cortical hem and the telencephalon of the developing
brain, and a lack of development in olfactory
structures. Lhx9 is expressed in several regions of the
developing mouse brain , the spinal cord, the pancreas,
in limb mesenchyme, and in the urogenital region. Lhx9
plays critical roles in gonad development. Homozygous
mice lacking functional Lhx9 alleles exhibit numerous
urogenital defects, such as gonadal agenesis,
infertility, and undetectable levels of testosterone and
estradiol coupled with high FSH levels. Lhx9 null mice
are phenotypically female, even those that are
genotypically male. As in other LIM domains, this domain
family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 54
Score = 35.8 bits (83), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 16/54 (29%), Positives = 24/54 (44%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ-VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNF-FERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C + I + + A+ + WH C C L + F RD YC+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGEKIQDRFYLLAVDRQWHASCLKCCECRLPLDSELSCFSRDGNIYCKEDY 54
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 3.8
Identities = 9/34 (26%), Positives = 15/34 (44%), Gaps = 1/34 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCV-TALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
C+ C I D+ A+++ WH C +C
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGEKIQDRFYLLAVDRQWHASCLKCCECRLP 34
>gnl|CDD|188860 cd09476, LIM1_TLP, The first LIM domain of thymus LIM protein
(TLP). The first LIM domain of thymus LIM protein
(TLP): TLP is the distant member of the CRP family of
proteins. TLP has two isomers (TLP-A and TLP-B) and
sharing approximately 30% with each of the three other
CRPs. Like CRP1, CRP2 and CRP3/MLP, TLP has two LIM
domains, connected by a flexible linker region. Unlike
the CRPs, TLP lacks the nuclear targeting signal
(K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K) and is localized solely in the
cytoplasm. TLP is specifically expressed in the thymus
in a subset of cortical epithelial cells. TLP has a
role in development of normal thymus and in controlling
the development and differentiation of thymic epithelial
cells. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 35.7 bits (82), Expect = 9e-04
Identities = 17/49 (34%), Positives = 25/49 (51%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C CDK + + +++LGK WH C C++ L E D +PYC
Sbjct: 1 CPRCDKTVYFAEKVSSLGKNWHRFCLKCERCSKILSPGGHAEHDGKPYC 49
>gnl|CDD|188726 cd09340, LIM1_Testin_like, The first LIM domain of Testin-like
family. The first LIM domain of Testin_like family:
This family includes testin, prickle, dyxin and
LIMPETin. Structurally, testin and prickle proteins
contain three LIM domains at C-terminal; LIMPETin has
six LIM domains; and dyxin presents only two LIM
domains. However, all members of the family contain a
PET protein-protein interaction domain. Testin is a
cytoskeleton associated focal adhesion protein that
localizes along actin stress fibers, at
cell-cell-contact areas, and at focal adhesion plaques.
Testin interacts with a variety of cytoskeletal
proteins, including zyxin, mena, VASP, talin, and actin
and it is involved in cell motility and adhesion events.
Prickles have been implicated in roles of regulating
tissue polarity or planar cell polarity (PCP). Dyxin
involves in lung and heart development by interaction
with GATA6 and blocking GATA6 activated target genes.
LIMPETin might be the recombinant product of genes
coding testin and four and half LIM proteins and its
function is not well understood. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 58
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 19/58 (32%), Positives = 25/58 (43%), Gaps = 6/58 (10%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI----VGQVITALGK--TWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C +PI V G+ WHP F+C CN+ L +F D + YC Y
Sbjct: 1 CEKCKEPINPGEVAVFAERAGEDACWHPGCFVCETCNELLVDLIYFYHDGKIYCGRHY 58
>gnl|CDD|188734 cd09348, LIM4_FHL1, The fourth LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 1 (FHL1). The fourth LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1): FHL1 is
heavily expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles. It
plays important roles in muscle growth, differentiation,
and sarcomere assembly by acting as a modulator of
transcription factors. Defects in FHL1 gene are
responsible for a number of Muscular dystrophy-like
muscle disorders. It has been detected that FHL1 binds
to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin filament
formation and sarcomere assembly. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 64
Score = 35.9 bits (83), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 18/60 (30%), Positives = 24/60 (40%), Gaps = 5/60 (8%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG-----QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNL 139
CS C PI G V+ G +WH F C C+ L + F + + YC L
Sbjct: 5 CSGCQNPITGFGKGTNVVNYEGSSWHDYCFNCKKCSLNLANKRFVFHNGQIYCSDCAKKL 64
>gnl|CDD|188850 cd09466, LIM1_Lhx3a, The first LIM domain of Lhx3a. The first LIM
domain of Lhx3a: Lhx3a is a member of LHX protein
family, which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains
and a C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. Lhx3a is one of
the two isoforms of Lhx3. The Lhx3 gene is expressed in
the ventral spinal cord, the pons, the medulla
oblongata, and the pineal gland of the developing
nervous system during mouse embryogenesis, and
transcripts are found in the emergent pituitary gland.
Lhx3 functions in concert with other transcription
factors to specify interneuron and motor neuron fates
during development. Lhx3 proteins have been demonstrated
to directly bind to the promoters of several pituitary
hormone gene promoters. The Lhx3 gene encodes two
isoforms, LHX3a and LHX3b that differ in their
amino-terminal sequences, where Lhx3a has longer
N-terminal. They show differential activation of
pituitary hormone genes and distinct DNA binding
properties. In human, Lhx3a trans-activated the
alpha-glycoprotein subunit promoter and genes containing
a high-affinity Lhx3 binding site more effectively than
the hLhx3b isoform. In addition, hLhx3a induce
transcription of the TSHbeta-subunit gene by acting on
pituitary POU domain factor, Pit-1, while hLhx3b does
not. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 56
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 25/54 (46%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 84 CCSSCDKPIVGQVI-TALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ CD PI + I K WH + C C +L T F R + YC+ D+
Sbjct: 3 KCAGCDHPIFDRFILKVQDKPWHSKCLKCVDCQAQL-TDKCFSRGGQVYCKEDF 55
Score = 30.5 bits (69), Expect = 0.074
Identities = 12/39 (30%), Positives = 21/39 (53%), Gaps = 1/39 (2%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPILDKCV-TALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
P+C+ C+ PI D+ + +K WH++ C C Q +
Sbjct: 2 PKCAGCDHPIFDRFILKVQDKPWHSKCLKCVDCQAQLTD 40
>gnl|CDD|188842 cd09458, LIM3_Enigma, The third LIM domain of Enigma. The third
LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized
in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at
the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The
third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin
receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the
receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein
APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction
processes such as mitogenic activity, insulin related
actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is
expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle,
heart, bone, and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 35.4 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 25/51 (49%), Gaps = 2/51 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C CD I + + ALG +WH F+C C L + F+ + +P C+
Sbjct: 1 CHGCDFKIDAGDRFLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCK 51
>gnl|CDD|188832 cd09448, LIM_CLP36, This family represents the LIM domain of CLP36.
This family represents the LIM domain of CLP36. CLP36
has also been named as CLIM1, Elfin, or PDLIM1. CLP36
contains a C-terminal LIM domain and an N-terminal PDZ
domain. CLP36 is highly expressed in heart and is
present in many other tissues including lung, liver,
spleen, and blood. CLP36 has been implicated in many
processes including hypoxia and regulation of actin
stress fibers. CLP36 co-localizes with alpha-actinin-2
at the Z-lines in myocardium. In addition, CLP36 binds
to alpha-actinin-1 and alpha-actinin-4, and associates
with F-actin filaments and stress fibers. CLP36 might be
involved in not only the function of sarcomeres in
muscle cells, but also in actin stress fiber-mediated
cellular processes, such as cell shape, migration,
polarit, and cytokinesis in non-muscle cells. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 52
Score = 34.9 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 17/49 (34%), Positives = 23/49 (46%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C C IVG + K HPE ++CT C L + F + + YCE
Sbjct: 1 CDKCGSGIVGVFVKIRDKPRHPECYVCTDCGTNLKQKGHFFVEDQIYCE 49
>gnl|CDD|188800 cd09416, LIM2_Testin, The second LIM domain of Testin. The second
LIM domain of Testin: Testin contains three C-terminal
LIM domains and a PET protein-protein interaction domain
at the N-terminal. Testin is a cytoskeleton associated
focal adhesion protein that localizes along actin stress
fibers, at cell-cell-contact areas, and at focal
adhesion plaques. Testin interacts with a variety of
cytoskeletal proteins, including zyxin, mena, VASP,
talin, and actin and it is involved in cell motility and
adhesion events. Knockout mice experiments reveal that
tumor repressor function of testin. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 34.8 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 26/53 (49%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVIT-ALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ CD+ I T A + WH +HF C C+ L + + +P C+P Y
Sbjct: 3 CAGCDELIFSNEYTQAENQNWHLKHFCCFDCDNILAGEIYVMVNDKPVCKPCY 55
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.61
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 17/33 (51%), Gaps = 1/33 (3%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPILDKCVTALE-KTWHTEHFFCAQC 173
PRC+ C+ I T E + WH +HF C C
Sbjct: 1 PRCAGCDELIFSNEYTQAENQNWHLKHFCCFDC 33
>gnl|CDD|188779 cd09393, LIM3_Lrg1p_like, The third LIM domain of Lrg1p, a LIM and
RhoGap domain containing protein. The third LIM domain
of Lrg1p, a LIM and RhoGap domain containing protein:
The members of this family contain three tandem repeats
of LIM domains and a Rho-type GTPase activating protein
(RhoGap) domain. Lrg1p is a Rho1 GTPase-activating
protein required for efficient cell fusion in yeast.
Lrg1p-GAP domain strongly and specifically stimulates
the GTPase activity of Rho1p, a regulator of beta
(1-3)-glucan synthase in vitro. The LIM domain is 50-60
amino acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 56
Score = 34.6 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 17/52 (32%), Positives = 25/52 (48%), Gaps = 4/52 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELG----TRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C+SC K I + I K WH + F C+ C++E+ F +D R C
Sbjct: 1 CASCGKSIEDECIKFEDKRWHLKCFTCSRCHREISSELSDAAFNNKDQRILC 52
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 19/32 (59%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGK 175
C+ C I D+C+ +K WH + F C++C +
Sbjct: 1 CASCGKSIEDECIKFEDKRWHLKCFTCSRCHR 32
>gnl|CDD|188812 cd09428, LIM2_FHL5, The second LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 5 (FHL5). The second LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 5 (FHL5): FHL5 is a
tissue-specific coactivator of CREB/CREM family
transcription factors , which are highly expressed in
male germ cells and is required for post-meiotic gene
expression. FHL5 associates with CREM and confers a
powerful transcriptional activation function. Activation
by CREB has known to occur upon phosphorylation at an
essential regulatory site and the subsequent interaction
with the ubiquitous coactivator CREB-binding protein
(CBP). However, the activation by FHL5 is independent of
phosphorylation and CBP association. It represents a new
route for transcriptional activation by CREM and CREB.
LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 34.4 bits (79), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 19/34 (55%)
Query: 101 GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEP 134
G WH F+C C Q +GT+ ++++ YC P
Sbjct: 19 GNEWHETCFVCQSCQQPIGTKPLITKENKNYCVP 52
>gnl|CDD|188831 cd09447, LIM_LASP, The LIM domain of LIM and SH3 Protein (LASP).
The LIM domain of LIM and SH3 Protein (LASP): LASP
family contains two highly homologous members, LASP-1
and LASP-2. LASP contains a LIM motif at its amino
terminus, a src homology 3 (SH3) domains at its
C-terminal part, and a nebulin-like region in the
middle. LASP-1 and -2 are highly conserved in their LIM,
nebulin-like, and SH3 domains ,but differ significantly
at their linker regions. Both proteins are ubiquitously
expressed and involved in cytoskeletal architecture,
especially in the organization of focal adhesions.
LASP-1 and LASP-2, are important during early embryo-
and fetogenesis and are highly expressed in the central
nervous system of the adult. However, only LASP-1 seems
to participate significantly in neuronal differentiation
and plays an important functional role in migration and
proliferation of certain cancer cells while the role of
LASP-2 is more structural. The expression of LASP-1 in
breast tumors is increased significantly. As in other
LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in
size and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 34.3 bits (79), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 16/53 (30%), Positives = 24/53 (45%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG-QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C K + + + L K WH F C C L +N+ + +PYC Y
Sbjct: 1 CARCGKTVYPTEKLNCLDKIWHKGCFKCEVCGMTLNMKNYKGYNKKPYCNAHY 53
>gnl|CDD|188745 cd09359, LIM_LASP_like, The LIM domain of LIM and SH3 Protein
(LASP)-like proteins. The LIM domain of LIM and SH3
Protein (LASP) like proteins: This family contains two
types of LIM containing proteins; LASP and N-RAP. LASP
family contains two highly homologous members, LASP-1
and LASP-2. LASP contains a LIM motif at its amino
terminus, a src homology 3 (SH3) domains at its
C-terminal part, and a nebulin-like region in the
middle. LASP-1 and -2 are highly conserved in their LIM,
nebulin-like, and SH3 domains, but differ significantly
at their linker regions. Both proteins are ubiquitously
expressed and involved in cytoskeletal architecture,
especially in the organization of focal adhesions.
LASP-1 and LASP-2, are important during early embryo-
and fetogenesis and are highly expressed in the central
nervous system of the adult. However, only LASP-1 seems
to participate significantly in neuronal differentiation
and plays an important functional role in migration and
proliferation of certain cancer cells while the role of
LASP-2 is more structural. The expression of LASP-1 in
breast tumors is increased significantly. N-RAP is a
muscle-specific protein concentrated at myotendinous
junctions in skeletal muscle and intercalated disks in
cardiac muscle. LIM domain is found at the N-terminus of
N-RAP and the C-terminal of N-RAP contains a region with
multiple of nebulin repeats. N-RAP functions as a
scaffolding protein that organizes alpha-actinin and
actin into symmetrical I-Z-I structures in developing
myofibrils. Nebulin repeat is known as actin binding
domain. The N-RAP is hypothesized to form antiparallel
dimerization via its LIM domain. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 34.2 bits (78), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 23/53 (43%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C K + + + L KTWH F C C L N+ +PYC Y
Sbjct: 1 CARCGKIVYPTEKVNCLDKTWHKACFHCEVCKMTLNMNNYKGYQKKPYCNAHY 53
>gnl|CDD|188762 cd09376, LIM2_Lhx3_Lhx4, The second LIM domain of Lhx3-Lhx4 family.
The second LIM domain of Lhx3-Lhx4 family: Lhx3 and
Lhx4 belong to the LHX protein family, which features
two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a C-terminal DNA
binding homeodomain. Members of LHX family are found in
the nucleus and act as transcription factors or
cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the development
of specialized cells in multiple tissue types, including
the nervous system, skeletal muscle, the heart, the
kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as the pituitary
gland and the pancreas. The LHX3 and LHX4
LIM-homeodomain transcription factors play essential
roles in pituitary gland and nervous system development.
Although LHX3 and LHX4 share marked sequence homology,
the genes have different expression patterns. They play
overlapping, but distinct functions during the
establishment of the specialized cells of the mammalian
pituitary gland and the nervous system. Lhx3 proteins
have been demonstrated the ability to directly bind to
the promoters/enhancers of several pituitary hormone
gene promoters to cause increased transcription.Lhx3a
and Lhx3b, whose mRNAs have distinct temporal expression
profiles during development, are two isoforms of Lhx3.
LHX4 plays essential roles in pituitary gland and
nervous system development. In mice, the lhx4 gene is
expressed in the developing hindbrain, cerebral cortex,
pituitary gland, and spinal cord. LHX4 shows significant
sequence similarity to LHX3, particularly to isoforms
Lhx3a. In gene regulation experiments, the LHX4 protein
exhibits regulation roles towards pituitary genes,
acting on their promoters/enhancers. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 56
Score = 33.9 bits (78), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 20/56 (35%), Positives = 28/56 (50%), Gaps = 4/56 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVI-TALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFE--RDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ CD+ I QV+ A +H E F C C ++L T + F D R C+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CAGCDEGIPPTQVVRRAQDNVYHLECFACFMCKRQLETGDEFYLMEDDRLVCKKDY 56
>gnl|CDD|188847 cd09463, LIM1_LIMK2, The first LIM domain of LIMK2 (LIM domain
Kinase 2). The first LIM domain of LIMK2 (LIM domain
Kinase 2): LIMK2 is a member of the LIMK protein family,
which comprises LIMK1 and LIMK2. LIMK contains two LIM
domains, a PDZ domain, and a kinase domain. LIMK is
involved in the regulation of actin polymerization and
microtubule disassembly. LIMK influences architecture of
the actin cytoskeleton by regulating the activity of the
cofilin family proteins cofilin1, cofilin2, and destrin.
The mechanism of the activation is to phosphorylates
cofilin on serine 3 and inactivates its actin-severing
activity, altering the rate of actin depolymerization.
LIMK activity is activated by phosphorylation of a
threonine residue within the activation loop of the
kinase by p21-activated kinases 1 and 4 and by Rho
kinase. LIMKs can function in both cytoplasm and
nucleus. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 can act in the nucleus to
suppress Rac/Cdc42-dependent cyclin D1 expression. LIMK2
is expressed in all tissues. While LIMK1 localizes
mainly at focal adhesions, LIMK2 is found in cytoplasmic
punctae, suggesting that they may have different
cellular functions. The activity of LIM kinase 2 to
regulate cofilin phosphorylation is inhibited by the
direct binding of Par-3. LIMK2 activation promotes cell
cycle progression. The phenotype of Limk2 knockout mice
shows a defect in spermatogenesis. The LIM domains have
been shown to play an important role in regulating
kinase activity and likely also contribute to LIMK
function by acting as sites of protein-to-protein
interactions. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 33.7 bits (77), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 15/53 (28%), Positives = 25/53 (47%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSC-DKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C + + + WH F C+ C Q+L T ++E+D + YC Y
Sbjct: 1 CTGCGGRIQDSFHYRVVQEAWHNSCFQCSVC-QDLLTNWYYEKDGKLYCHKHY 52
>gnl|CDD|188783 cd09397, LIM1_UF1, LIM domain in proteins of unknown function. The
first Lim domain of a LIM domain containing protein: The
functions of the proteins are unknown. The members of
this family contain two copies of LIM domain. The LIM
domain is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 58
Score = 33.8 bits (78), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 19/58 (32%), Positives = 25/58 (43%), Gaps = 5/58 (8%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVIT----ALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTR-NFFERDSRPYCEPDYH 137
C C I G+ I+ L WH E F+CT C + D +PYC+ YH
Sbjct: 1 CRKCGLEIEGKSISSKDGELSGQWHRECFVCTTCGCPFQFSVPCYVLDDKPYCQQHYH 58
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 7.9
Identities = 13/38 (34%), Positives = 15/38 (39%), Gaps = 4/38 (10%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVT----ALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
C C I K ++ L WH E F C CG F
Sbjct: 1 CRKCGLEIEGKSISSKDGELSGQWHRECFVCTTCGCPF 38
>gnl|CDD|188872 cd09841, LIM1_Prickle_3, The first LIM domain of Prickle 3. The
first LIM domain of Prickle 3/LIM domain only 6 (LM06):
Prickle contains three C-terminal LIM domains and a
N-terminal PET domain. Prickles have been implicated in
roles of regulating tissue polarity or planar cell
polarity (PCP). PCP establishment requires the
conserved Frizzled/Dishevelled PCP pathway. Prickle
interacts with Dishevelled, thereby modulating
Frizzled/Dishevelled activity and PCP signaling. Four
forms of prickles have been identified: prickle 1-4. The
best characterized is prickle 1 and prickle 2 which are
differentially expressed. While prickle 1 is expressed
in fetal heart and hematological malignancies, prickle 2
is found in fetal brain, adult cartilage, pancreatic
islet, and some types of timorous cells. Mutations in
prickle 1 have been linked to progressive myoclonus
epilepsy. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 33.7 bits (77), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 24/54 (44%), Gaps = 6/54 (11%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVIT------ALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C + I G I LG WHP+ F C C + L +F +D + YC
Sbjct: 1 CQQCGRQICGGDIAVFASRAGLGACWHPQCFQCASCQELLVDLIYFYQDGKIYC 54
>gnl|CDD|188716 cd09330, LIM4_abLIM, The fourth LIM domain of actin binding LIM
(abLIM) proteins. The fourth LIM domain of actin
binding LIM (abLIM) proteins: Three homologous members
of the abLIM protein family have been identified;
abLIM-1, abLIM-2 and abLIM-3. The N-terminal of abLIM
consists of four tandem repeats of LIM domains and the
C-terminal of acting binding LIM protein is a villin
headpiece domain, which has strong actin binding
activity. The abLIM-1, which is expressed in retina,
brain, and muscle tissue, has been indicated to function
as a tumor suppressor. AbLIM-2 and -3, mainly expressed
in muscle and neuronal tissue, bind to F-actin strongly.
They may serve as a scaffold for signaling modules of
the actin cytoskeleton and thereby modulate
transcription. It has shown that LIM domains of abLIMs
interact with STARS (striated muscle activator of Rho
signaling), which directly binds actin and stimulates
serum-response factor (SRF)-dependent transcription. All
LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic highly conserved zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 33.1 bits (76), Expect = 0.008
Identities = 16/35 (45%), Positives = 21/35 (60%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELG 119
C +CDK I G+V+ A GK +HP C+ C Q G
Sbjct: 1 CEACDKFITGKVLEAGGKHYHPTCARCSRCGQMFG 35
Score = 28.9 bits (65), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 19/36 (52%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C C+ I K + A K +H C++CG+ FGE
Sbjct: 1 CEACDKFITGKVLEAGGKHYHPTCARCSRCGQMFGE 36
>gnl|CDD|188733 cd09347, LIM4_FHL, The fourth LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein (FHL). The fourth LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein (FHL): LIM-only protein
family consists of five members, designated FHL1, FHL2,
FHL3, FHL5 and LIMPETin. The first four members are
composed of four complete LIM domains arranged in tandem
and an N-terminal single zinc finger domain with a
consensus sequence equivalent to the C-terminal half of
a LIM domain. LIMPETin is an exception, containing six
LIM domains. FHL1, 2 and 3 are predominantly expressed
in muscle tissues, and FHL5 is highly expressed in male
germ cells. FHL proteins exert their roles as
transcription co-activators or co-repressors through a
wide array of interaction partners. For example, FHL1
binds to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin
filament formation and sarcomere assembly. FHL2 has
shown to interact with more than 50 different proteins,
including receptors, structural proteins, transcription
factors and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing
factors, DNA replication and repair enzymes, and
metabolic enzymes. FHL3 interacts with many
transcription factors, such as CREB, BKLF/KLF3, CtBP2,
MyoD, and MZF_1. FHL5 is a tissue-specific coactivator
of CREB/CREM family transcription factors. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 33.1 bits (76), Expect = 0.008
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 23/52 (44%), Gaps = 4/52 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ----VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C++C KPI G I+ + WH + F C C+ L + F + C
Sbjct: 1 CAACTKPITGLGGAKFISFEERQWHSDCFNCGKCSVSLVGQGFLTQRDEILC 52
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 11/35 (31%), Positives = 18/35 (51%), Gaps = 4/35 (11%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILD----KCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
C+ C PI K ++ E+ WH++ F C +C
Sbjct: 1 CAACTKPITGLGGAKFISFEERQWHSDCFNCGKCS 35
>gnl|CDD|188861 cd09477, LIM2_TLP, The second LIM domain of thymus LIM protein
(TLP). The second LIM domain of thymus LIM protein
(TLP): TLP is the distant member of the CRP family of
proteins. TLP has two isomers (TLP-A and TLP-B) and
sharing approximately 30% with each of the three other
CRPs. Like CRP1, CRP2 and CRP3/MLP, TLP has two LIM
domains, connected by a flexible linker region. Unlike
the CRPs, TLP lacks the nuclear targeting signal
(K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K) and is localized solely in the
cytoplasm. TLP is specifically expressed in the thymus
in a subset of cortical epithelial cells. TLP has a role
in development of normal thymus and in controlling the
development and differentiation of thymic epithelial
cells. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 33.1 bits (75), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 16/49 (32%), Positives = 22/49 (44%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C KP+ + + +LG+ WH C C + L E D PYC
Sbjct: 1 CPGCGKPVYFAEKVMSLGRNWHRPCLRCQRCKKTLTAGGHAEHDGSPYC 49
>gnl|CDD|188868 cd09484, LIM1_Prickle_2, The first LIM domain of Prickle 2. The
first LIM domain of Prickle 2: Prickle contains three
C-terminal LIM domains and a N-terminal PET domain.
Prickles have been implicated in roles of regulating
tissue polarity or planar cell polarity (PCP). PCP
establishment requires the conserved
Frizzled/Dishevelled PCP pathway. Prickle interacts with
Dishevelled, thereby modulating Frizzled/Dishevelled
activity and PCP signaling. Four forms of prickles have
been identified: prickle 1-4. The best characterized is
prickle 1 and prickle 2 which are differentially
expressed. While prickle 1 is expressed in fetal heart
and hematological malignancies, prickle 2 is found in
fetal brain, adult cartilage, pancreatic islet, and some
types of timorous cells. Mutations in prickle 1 have
been linked to progressive myoclonus epilepsy. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 33.0 bits (75), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 25/54 (46%), Gaps = 6/54 (11%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITAL------GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C I G I G WHP+ F+C+ CN+ L +F +D + YC
Sbjct: 1 CEQCGGQINGGDIAVFASRAGHGVCWHPQCFVCSVCNELLVDLIYFYQDGKIYC 54
>gnl|CDD|188816 cd09432, LIM6_LIMPETin, The sixth LIM domain of protein LIMPETin.
The sixth LIM domain of protein LIMPETin: LIMPETin
contains 6 LIM domains at the C-terminal and an
N-terminal PET domain. Four of the six LIM domains are
highly homologous to the four and half LIM domain
protein family and two of them show sequence similarity
to the LIM domains of the testin family. Thus, LIMPETin
may be the recombinant product of genes coding testin
and FHL proteins. In Schistosoma mansoni, where
LIMPETin was first identified, LIMPETin is down
regulated in sexually mature adult Schistosoma females
compared to sexually immature adult females and adult
male. Its differential expression indicates that it is a
transcription regulator. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 32.4 bits (74), Expect = 0.015
Identities = 16/52 (30%), Positives = 23/52 (44%), Gaps = 4/52 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG----QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C++C KPI G + I+ + WH + F C C L + F R C
Sbjct: 1 CAACGKPITGIGGTKFISFEDRHWHNDCFNCAGCRTSLVGKGFITDGGRILC 52
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 11/35 (31%), Positives = 17/35 (48%), Gaps = 4/35 (11%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPIL----DKCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
C+ C PI K ++ ++ WH + F CA C
Sbjct: 1 CAACGKPITGIGGTKFISFEDRHWHNDCFNCAGCR 35
>gnl|CDD|188830 cd09446, LIM_N_RAP, The LIM domain of N-RAP. The LIM domain of
N-RAP: N-RAP is a muscle-specific protein concentrated
at myotendinous junctions in skeletal muscle and
intercalated disks in cardiac muscle. LIM domain is
found at the N-terminus of N-RAP and the C-terminal of
N-RAP contains a region with multiple of nebulin
repeats. N-RAP functions as a scaffolding protein that
organizes alpha-actinin and actin into symmetrical I-Z-I
structures in developing myofibrils. Nebulin repeat is
known as actin binding domain. The N-RAP is hypothesized
to form antiparallel dimerization via its LIM domain. As
in other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 31.8 bits (72), Expect = 0.023
Identities = 13/37 (35%), Positives = 17/37 (45%)
Query: 97 ITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
I + +TWH F C C L NF +PYC+
Sbjct: 14 INCIDQTWHKACFHCEVCKMMLTVNNFVSHQKKPYCQ 50
>gnl|CDD|188776 cd09390, LIM2_dLMO, The second LIM domain of dLMO (Beaderx). The
second LIM domain of dLMO (Beaderx): dLMO is a nuclear
protein that plays important roles in transcriptional
regulation and development. In Drosophila dLMO modulates
the activity of LIM-homeodomain protein Apterous (Ap),
which regulates the formation of the dorsal-ventral axis
of the Drosophila wing. Biochemical analysis shows that
dLMO protein influences the activity of Apterous by
binding of its cofactor Chip. Further studies shown that
dLMO proteins might function in an evolutionarily
conserved mechanism involved in patterning the
appendages. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 31.8 bits (72), Expect = 0.025
Identities = 19/56 (33%), Positives = 28/56 (50%), Gaps = 5/56 (8%)
Query: 85 CSSCDK--PIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQE--LGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C++C K P V+ A +H E F C CN +G R F+ +++ CE DY
Sbjct: 1 CAACSKTIPAFEMVMRARTNVYHLECFACQRCNHRFCVGDR-FYLCENKILCEYDY 55
>gnl|CDD|188744 cd09358, LIM_Mical_like, The LIM domain of Mical (molecule
interacting with CasL) like family. The LIM domain of
Mical (molecule interacting with CasL) like family:
Known members of this family includes LIM domain
containing proteins; Mical (molecule interacting with
CasL), pollen specific protein SF3, Eplin, xin
actin-binding repeat-containing protein 2 (XIRP2) and
Ltd-1. The members of this family function mainly at the
cytoskeleton and focal adhesions. They interact with
transcription factors or other signaling molecules to
play roles in muscle development, neuronal
differentiation, cell growth and mobility. Eplin has
also found to be tumor suppressor. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs.. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 31.5 bits (72), Expect = 0.025
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 29/54 (53%), Gaps = 3/54 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQV--ITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C K V + + A GK +H F C+HCN+ L N+ + + YC+P +
Sbjct: 1 CAVCGKT-VYPMERLVADGKLFHKSCFRCSHCNKTLRLGNYASLEGKLYCKPHF 53
>gnl|CDD|188799 cd09415, LIM1_Prickle, The first LIM domain of Prickle. The first
LIM domain of Prickle: Prickle contains three C-terminal
LIM domains and a N-terminal PET domain. Prickles have
been implicated in roles of regulating tissue polarity
or planar cell polarity (PCP). PCP establishment
requires the conserved Frizzled/Dishevelled PCP pathway.
Prickle interacts with Dishevelled, thereby modulating
Frizzled/Dishevelled activity and PCP signaling. Four
forms of prickles have been identified: prickle 1-4. The
best characterized is prickle 1 and prickle 2 which are
differentially expressed. While prickle 1 is expressed
in fetal heart and hematological malignancies, prickle 2
is found in fetal brain, adult cartilage, pancreatic
islet, and some types of timorous cells. Mutations in
prickle 1 have been linked to progressive myoclonus
epilepsy. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 31.8 bits (73), Expect = 0.026
Identities = 17/54 (31%), Positives = 24/54 (44%), Gaps = 6/54 (11%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVIT------ALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C + I G I G WHP F+C+ C + L +F +D + YC
Sbjct: 1 CEQCGEQISGGDIAVFASRAGPGACWHPACFVCSTCKELLVDLIYFYQDGKVYC 54
>gnl|CDD|188757 cd09371, LIM1_Lmx1b, The first LIM domain of Lmx1b. The first LIM
domain of Lmx1b: Lmx1b belongs to the LHX protein
family, which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains
and a C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. In mouse, Lmx1b
functions in the developing limbs and eyes, the kidneys,
the brain, and in cranial mesenchyme. The disruption of
Lmx1b gene results kidney and limb defects. In the
brain, Lmx1b is important for generation of
mesencephalic dopamine neurons and the differentiation
of serotonergic neurons. In the mouse eye, Lmx1b
regulates anterior segment (cornea, iris, ciliary body,
trabecular meshwork, and lens) development. As in other
LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in
size and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 31.6 bits (72), Expect = 0.029
Identities = 19/53 (35%), Positives = 30/53 (56%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALG-KTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C +PI + + + ++WH E C+ C Q L T +F RD + YC+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CAGCQRPISDRYLLRVNERSWHEECLQCSVCQQPLTTSCYF-RDRKLYCKQDY 52
>gnl|CDD|188787 cd09403, LIM2_CRP, The second LIM domain of Cysteine Rich Protein
(CRP). The second LIM domain of Cysteine Rich Protein
(CRP): Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) are characterized
by the presence of two LIM domains linked to a short
glycine-rich repeats (GRRs). The CRP family members
include CRP1, CRP2, CRP3/MLP. CRP1, CRP2 and CRP3 share
a conserved nuclear targeting signal (K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K),
which supports the fact that these proteins function not
only in the cytoplasm but also in the nucleus. CRPs
control regulatory pathways during cellular
differentiation, and involve in complex transcription
control, and the organization as well as the arrangement
of the myofibrillar/cytoskeletal network. It is evident
that CRP1, CRP2, and CRP3/MLP are involved in promoting
protein assembly along the actin-based cytoskeleton.
Although members of the CRP family share common binding
partners, they are also capable of recognizing different
and specific targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids
in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residu es,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 31.4 bits (71), Expect = 0.033
Identities = 16/53 (30%), Positives = 23/53 (43%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C K + + I GK WH F C C + L + ++D YC+ Y
Sbjct: 1 CPRCGKSVYAAEKIIGAGKPWHKNCFRCAKCGKSLESTTLADKDGEIYCKGCY 53
>gnl|CDD|188797 cd09413, LIM1_Testin, The first LIM domain of Testin. The first
LIM domain of Testin: Testin contains three C-terminal
LIM domains and a PET protein-protein interaction domain
at the N-terminal. Testin is a cytoskeleton associated
focal adhesion protein that localizes along actin stress
fibers, at cell-cell-contact areas, and at focal
adhesion plaques. Testin interacts with a variety of
cytoskeletal proteins, including zyxin, mena, VASP,
talin, and actin and it is involved in cell motility and
adhesion events. Knockout mice experiments reveal that
tumor repressor function of Testin. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 58
Score = 31.3 bits (71), Expect = 0.045
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 19/35 (54%)
Query: 102 KTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
K WHP F+C+ C + L +F ++ + YC Y
Sbjct: 24 KLWHPACFVCSTCGELLVDMIYFWKNGKLYCGRHY 58
>gnl|CDD|188871 cd09840, LIM2_CRP2, The second LIM domain of Cysteine Rich Protein
2 (CRP2). The second LIM domain of Cysteine Rich
Protein 2 (CRP2): Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) are
characterized by the presence of two LIM domains linked
to short glycine-rich repeats (GRRs). The CRP family
members include CRP1, CRP2, CRP3/MLP and TLPCRP1, CRP2
and CRP3 share a conserved nuclear targeting signal
(K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K), which supports the fact that these
proteins function not only in the cytoplasm but also in
the nucleus. CRPs control regulatory pathways during
cellular differentiation, and involve in complex
transcription circuits, and the organization as well as
the arrangement of the myofibrillar/cytoskeletal
network.CRP3 also called Muscle LIM Protein (MLP), which
is a striated muscle-specific factor that enhances
myogenic differentiation. The second LIM domain of
CRP3/MLP interacts with cytoskeletal protein
beta-spectrin. CRP3/MLP also interacts with the basic
helix-loop-helix myogenic transcription factors MyoD,
myogenin, and MRF4 thereby increasing their affinity for
specific DNA regulatory elements. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 30.8 bits (69), Expect = 0.048
Identities = 16/53 (30%), Positives = 23/53 (43%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
CS C + + I GK WH F C C + L + E++ YC+ Y
Sbjct: 1 CSRCGDSVYAAEKIMGAGKPWHKNCFRCAKCGKSLESTTLTEKEGEIYCKGCY 53
>gnl|CDD|188759 cd09373, LIM1_AWH, The first LIM domain of Arrowhead (AWH). The
first LIM domain of Arrowhead (AWH): Arrowhead belongs
to the LHX protein family, which features two tandem
N-terminal LIM domains and a C-terminal DNA binding
homeodomain. Members of LHX family are found in the
nucleus and act as transcription factors or cofactors.
LHX proteins are critical for the development of
specialized cells in multiple tissue types, including
the nervous system, skeletal muscle, the heart, the
kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as the pituitary
gland and the pancreas. During embryogenesis of
Drosophila, Arrowhead is expressed in each abdominal
segment and in the labial segment. Late in embryonic
development, expression of arrowhead is refined to the
abdominal histoblasts and salivary gland imaginal ring
cells themselves. The Arrowhead gene required for
establishment of a subset of imaginal tissues: the
abdominal histoblasts and the salivary gland imaginal
rings. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 54
Score = 30.8 bits (70), Expect = 0.052
Identities = 17/54 (31%), Positives = 27/54 (50%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITAL-GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELG-TRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C +PI + + + G++WH C C L + F RD + YC+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CTGCGEPITDRFLLKVSGRSWHVSCLRCCVCQTPLERQPSCFTRDRQIYCKADY 54
>gnl|CDD|188712 cd09326, LIM_CRP_like, The LIM domains of Cysteine Rich Protein
(CRP) family. The LIM domains of Cysteine Rich Protein
(CRP) family: Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) are
characterized by the presence of two LIM domains linked
to a short glycine-rich repeats (GRRs). The known CRP
family members include CRP1, CRP2, and CRP3/MLP. CRP1,
CRP2 and CRP3 share a conserved nuclear targeting signal
(K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K), which supports the fact that these
proteins function not only in the cytoplasm but also in
the nucleus. CRPs control regulatory pathways during
cellular differentiation, and involve in complex
transcription control, and the organization as well as
the arrangement of the myofibrillar/cytoskeletal
network. CRP1, CRP2, and CRP3/MLP are involved in
promoting protein assembly along the actin-based
cytoskeleton. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 30.6 bits (70), Expect = 0.064
Identities = 19/50 (38%), Positives = 24/50 (48%), Gaps = 3/50 (6%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG--QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C K + +VI A GK+WH F C CN+ L + E D YC
Sbjct: 1 CPRCGKSVYAAEEVIAA-GKSWHKSCFTCAVCNKRLDSTTLAEHDGEIYC 49
>gnl|CDD|188866 cd09482, LIM2_CRP3, The second LIM domain of Cysteine Rich Protein
3 (CRP3/MLP). The second LIM domain of Cysteine Rich
Protein 3 (CRP3/MLP): Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) are
characterized by the presence of two LIM domains linked
to short glycine-rich repeats (GRRs). The CRP family
members include CRP1, CRP2, CRP3/MLP and TLPCRP1, CRP2
and CRP3 share a conserved nuclear targeting signal
(K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K), which supports the fact that these
proteins function not only in the cytoplasm but also in
the nucleus. CRPs control regulatory pathways during
cellular differentiation, and involve in complex
transcription circuits, and the organization as well as
the arrangement of the myofibrillar/cytoskeletal
network.CRP3 also called Muscle LIM Protein (MLP), which
is a striated muscle-specific factor that enhances
myogenic differentiation. The second LIM domain of
CRP3/MLP interacts with cytoskeletal protein
beta-spectrin. CRP3/MLP also interacts with the basic
helix-loop-helix myogenic transcription factors MyoD,
myogenin, and MRF4 thereby increasing their affinity for
specific DNA regulatory elements. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 30.4 bits (68), Expect = 0.074
Identities = 15/53 (28%), Positives = 23/53 (43%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C K + + + GK WH F C C + L + ++D YC+ Y
Sbjct: 1 CPRCGKSVYAAEKVMGGGKPWHKTCFRCAICGKSLESTTVTDKDGELYCKVCY 53
>gnl|CDD|224570 COG1656, COG1656, Uncharacterized conserved protein [Function
unknown].
Length = 165
Score = 32.0 bits (73), Expect = 0.080
Identities = 11/42 (26%), Positives = 16/42 (38%), Gaps = 7/42 (16%)
Query: 143 RCSYCNGPILDK-------CVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQF 177
RC CNG + V + E + C +CGK +
Sbjct: 99 RCPECNGELEKVSREEVKEKVPEKVYRNYEEFYRCPKCGKIY 140
>gnl|CDD|188829 cd09445, LIM_Mical_like_2, This domain belongs to the LIM domain
family which are found on Mical (molecule interacting
with CasL) like proteins. The LIM domain on proteins of
unknown function: This domain belongs to the LIM domain
family which are found on Mical (molecule interacting
with CasL)-like proteins. Known members of the
Mical-like family includes single LIM domain containing
proteins, Mical (molecule interacting with CasL), pollen
specific protein SF3, Eplin, xin actin-binding
repeat-containing protein 2 (XIRP2), and Ltd-1. The
members of this family function mainly at the
cytoskeleton and focal adhesions. They interact with
transcription factors or other signaling molecules to
play roles in muscle development, neuronal
differentiation, cell growth, and mobility. As in other
LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in
size and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 30.1 bits (68), Expect = 0.087
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 25/52 (48%), Gaps = 3/52 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI--VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEP 134
C SC KP+ + ++I +H F C CN++L N+ + YC+
Sbjct: 1 CRSCGKPVYKMEEIIAE-KHIYHKNCFRCKDCNKQLKVDNYQSHEGNLYCKV 51
>gnl|CDD|188867 cd09483, LIM1_Prickle_1, The first LIM domain of Prickle 1. The
first LIM domain of Prickle 1. Prickle contains three
C-terminal LIM domains and a N-terminal PET domain
Prickles have been implicated in roles of regulating
tissue polarity or planar cell polarity (PCP). PCP
establishment requires the conserved
Frizzled/Dishevelled PCP pathway. Prickle interacts with
Dishevelled, thereby modulating Frizzled/Dishevelled
activity and PCP signaling. Four forms of prickles have
been identified: prickle 1-4. The best characterized is
prickle 1 and prickle 2 which are differentially
expressed. While prickle 1 is expressed in fetal heart
and hematological malignancies, prickle 2 is found in
mainly expressed in fetal brain, adult cartilage,
pancreatic islet, and some types of timorous cells. In
addition, Prickle 1 regulates cell movements during
gastrulation and neuronal migration through interaction
with the noncanonical Wnt11/Wnt5 pathway in zebrafish.
Mutations in prickle 1 have been linked to progressive
myoclonus epilepsy. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids
in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 30.3 bits (68), Expect = 0.089
Identities = 12/32 (37%), Positives = 18/32 (56%)
Query: 101 GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
G WHP F+C CN+ L +F +D + +C
Sbjct: 23 GVCWHPSCFVCFTCNELLVDLIYFYQDGKIHC 54
>gnl|CDD|188751 cd09365, LIM2_LIMK, The second LIM domain of LIMK (LIM domain
Kinase ). The second LIM domain of LIMK (LIM domain
Kinase ): LIMK protein family is comprised of two
members LIMK1 and LIMK2. LIMK contains two LIM domains,
a PDZ domain and a kinase domain. LIMK is involved in
the regulation of actin polymerization and microtubule
disassembly. LIMK influences architecture of the actin
cytoskeleton by regulating the activity of the cofilin
family proteins cofilin1, cofilin2, and destrin. The
mechanism of the activation is to phosphorylates cofilin
on serine 3 and inactivates its actin-severing activity,
and altering the rate of actin depolymerization. LIMKs
can function in both cytoplasm and nucleus and are
expressed in all tissues. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 can act
in the nucleus to suppress Rac/Cdc42-dependent cyclin D1
expression. However, LIMK1 and LIMk2 have different
cellular locations. While LIMK1 localizes mainly at
focal adhesions, LIMK2 is found in cytoplasmic punctae,
suggesting that they may have different cellular
functions. The LIM domains of LIMK have been shown to
play an important role in regulating kinase activity and
likely also contribute to LIMK function by acting as
sites of protein-to-protein interactions. All LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 30.0 bits (68), Expect = 0.091
Identities = 19/55 (34%), Positives = 27/55 (49%), Gaps = 4/55 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFF---ERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C + I G V+ A +HPE F C+ C +G + + ER S+ YC Y
Sbjct: 1 CHGCSQIITGPVMVAGDHKFHPECFSCSSCKAFIGDGDSYALVER-SKLYCGVCY 54
>gnl|CDD|188754 cd09368, LIM1_Lhx3_Lhx4, The first LIM domain of Lhx3 and Lhx4
family. The first LIM domain of Lhx3-Lhx4 family: Lhx3
and Lhx4 belong to the LHX protein family, which
features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. The LHX3 and LHX4
LIM-homeodomain transcription factors play essential
roles in pituitary gland and nervous system development.
Although LHX3 and LHX4 share marked sequence homology,
the genes have different expression patterns. They play
overlapping, but distinct functions during the
establishment of the specialized cells of the mammalian
pituitary gland and the nervous system. Lhx3 proteins
have been demonstrated the ability to directly bind to
the promoters/enhancers of several pituitary hormone
gene promoters to cause increased transcription. Lhx3a
and Lhx3b, whose mRNAs have distinct temporal expression
profiles during development, are two isoforms of Lhx3.
LHX4 plays essential roles in pituitary gland and
nervous system development. In mice, the lhx4 gene is
expressed in the developing hindbrain, cerebral cortex,
pituitary gland, and spinal cord. LHX4 shows significant
sequence similarity to LHX3, particularly to isoforms
Lhx3a. In gene regulation experiments, the LHX4 protein
exhibits regulation roles towards pituitary genes,
acting on their promoters/enhancers. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 52
Score = 30.1 bits (68), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 13/37 (35%), Positives = 19/37 (51%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCV-TALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C C ILD+ + L++TWH + C CG Q +
Sbjct: 1 CGGCQEHILDRFILKVLDRTWHAKCLKCNDCGAQLTD 37
>gnl|CDD|188773 cd09387, LIM2_LMO4, The second LIM domain of LMO4 (LIM domain only
protein 4). The second LIM domain of LMO4 (LIM domain
only protein 4): LMO4 is a nuclear protein that plays
important roles in transcriptional regulation and
development. LMO4 is involved in various functions in
tumorigenesis and cellular differentiation. LMO4
proteins regulate gene expression by interacting with a
wide variety of transcription factors and cofactors to
form large transcription complexes. It can interact with
Smad proteins, and associate with the promoter of the
PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) gene in a
TGFbeta (transforming growth factor beta)-dependent
manner. LMO4 can also form a complex with transcription
regulator CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein)
and interact with CLIM1 and CLIM2. In breast tissue,
LMO4 interacts with multiple proteins, including the
cofactor CtIP [CtBP (C-terminal binding
protein)-interacting protein], the breast and ovarian
tumor suppressor BRCA1 (breast-cancer susceptibility
gene 1) and the LIM-domain-binding protein LDB1.
Functionally, LMO4 is shown to repress BRCA1-mediated
transcription activation, thus invoking a potential role
for LMO4 as a negative regulator of BRCA1 in sporadic
breast cancer. LMO4 also forms complex to both ERa
(oestrogen receptor alpha), MTA1 (metastasis tumor
antigen 1), and HDACs (histone deacetylases), implying
that LMO4 is also a component of the MTA1 corepressor
complex. Over-expressed LMO4 represses ERa
transactivation functions in an HDAC-dependent manner,
and contributes to the process of breast cancer
progression by allowing the development of Era-negative
phenotypes. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 29.8 bits (67), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 18/55 (32%), Positives = 28/55 (50%), Gaps = 5/55 (9%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ--VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQEL--GTRNFFERDSRPYCEPD 135
CS+C + I V+ A G +H + F C+ C+ +L G R F + +CE D
Sbjct: 1 CSACGQSIPASELVMRAQGNVYHLKCFTCSTCHNQLVPGDR-FHYVNGSLFCEHD 54
>gnl|CDD|188752 cd09366, LIM1_Isl, The first LIM domain of Isl, a member of LHX
protein family. The first LIM domain of Isl: Isl is a
member of LHX protein family, which features two tandem
N-terminal LIM domains and a C-terminal DNA binding
homeodomain. Isl1 and Isl2 are the two conserved members
of this family. Proteins in this group are found in the
nucleus and act as transcription factors or cofactors.
LHX proteins are critical for the development of
specialized cells in multiple tissue types, including
the nervous system, skeletal muscle, the heart, the
kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as the pituitary
gland and the pancreas. Isl-1 is one of the LHX proteins
isolated originally by virtue of its ability to bind DNA
sequences from the 5'-flanking region of the rat insulin
gene in pancreatic insulin-producing cells. Mice
deficient in Isl-1 fail to form the dorsal exocrine
pancreas and islet cells fail to differentiate. On the
other hand, Isl-1 takes part in the pituitary
development by activating the gonadotropin-releasing
hormone receptor gene together with LHX3 and
steroidogenic factor 1. Mouse Is l2 is expressed in the
retinal ganglion cells and the developing spinal cord
where it plays a role in motor neuron development. Same
as Isl1, Isl2 may also be able to bind to the insulin
gene enhancer to promote gene activation. All LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.16
Identities = 20/55 (36%), Positives = 22/55 (40%), Gaps = 3/55 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVI--TALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELG-TRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C I Q I A WH C C Q L T F RD + YC+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CVGCGGKIHDQYILRVAPDLEWHAACLKCAECGQYLDETCTCFVRDGKTYCKRDY 55
>gnl|CDD|188823 cd09439, LIM_Mical, The LIM domain of Mical (molecule interacting
with CasL). The LIM domain of Mical (molecule
interacting with CasL): MICAL is a large, multidomain,
cytosolic protein with a single LIM domain, a calponin
homology (CH) domain and a flavoprotein monooxygenase
domain. In Drosophila, MICAL is expressed in axons,
interacts with the neuronal A (PlexA) receptor and is
required for Semapho-rin 1a (Sema-1a)-PlexA-mediated
repulsive axon guidance. The LIM domain and calporin
homology domain are known for interactions with the
cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal adaptor proteins, and other
signaling proteins. The flavoprotein monooxygenase (MO)
is required for semaphorin-plexin repulsive axon
guidance during axonal pathfinding in the Drosophila
neuromuscular system. In addition, MICAL was
characterized to interact with Rab13 and Rab8 to
coordinate the assembly of tight junctions and adherens
junctions in epithelial cells. Thus, MICAL was also
named junctional Rab13-binding protein (JRAB). As in
other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 55
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 0.19
Identities = 17/55 (30%), Positives = 27/55 (49%), Gaps = 3/55 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHC--NQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C K + V + ++A G +H F C++C LG F D + YC+P +
Sbjct: 1 CYFCKKRVYVMERLSAEGLFFHRSCFKCSYCGTTLRLGAYAFDRDDGKFYCKPHF 55
>gnl|CDD|188805 cd09421, LIM3_LIMPETin, The third LIM domain of protein LIMPETin.
The third LIM domain of protein LIMPETin: LIMPETin
contains 6 LIM domains at the C-terminal and an
N-terminal PET domain. Four of the six LIM domains are
highly homologous to the four and half LIM domain
protein family and two of them show sequence similarity
to the LIM domains of the testin family. Thus, LIMPETin
may be the recombinant product of genes coding testin
and FHL proteins. In Schistosoma mansoni, where
LIMPETin was first identified, LIMPETin is down
regulated in sexually mature adult Schistosoma females
compared to sexually immature adult females and adult
male. Its differential expression indicates that it is a
transcription regulator. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 29.5 bits (66), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 15/50 (30%), Positives = 22/50 (44%), Gaps = 2/50 (4%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C K I + ++ K WH F+C+ C L + F + R YC
Sbjct: 5 CEECSKIIGIDSKDLSYKDKHWHEACFLCSKCKISLVDKPFGSKADRIYC 54
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 2.4
Identities = 15/46 (32%), Positives = 24/46 (52%), Gaps = 7/46 (15%)
Query: 140 FSPRCSYCNGPI-LD-KCVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCG-----KQFG 178
F+ +C C+ I +D K ++ +K WH F C++C K FG
Sbjct: 1 FANQCEECSKIIGIDSKDLSYKDKHWHEACFLCSKCKISLVDKPFG 46
>gnl|CDD|188851 cd09467, LIM1_Lhx3b, The first LIM domain of Lhx3b. The first LIM
domain of Lhx3b. Lhx3b is a member of LHX protein
family, which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains
and a C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. Lhx3b is one of
the two isoforms of Lhx3. The Lhx3 gene is expressed in
the ventral spinal cord, the pons, the medulla
oblongata, and the pineal gland of the developing
nervous system during mouse embryogenesis, and
transcripts are found in the emergent pituitary gland.
Lhx3 functions in concert with other transcription
factors to specify interneuron and motor neuron fates
during development. Lhx3 proteins have been demonstrated
to directly bind to the promoters of several pituitary
hormone gene promoters. The Lhx3 gene encodes two
isoforms, LHX3a and LHX3b that differ in their
amino-terminal sequences, where Lhx3a has longer
N-terminal. They show differential activation of
pituitary hormone genes and distinct DNA binding
properties. In human, Lhx3a trans-activated the
alpha-glycoprotein subunit promoter and genes containing
a high-affinity Lhx3 binding site more effectively than
the hLhx3b isoform. In addition, hLhx3a induce
transcription of the TSHbeta-subunit gene by acting on
pituitary POU domain factor, Pit-1, while hLhx3b does
not. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is
50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 55
Score = 29.1 bits (65), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 13/39 (33%), Positives = 22/39 (56%), Gaps = 1/39 (2%)
Query: 142 PRCSYCNGPILDKCV-TALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
P C+ CN I+D+ + L++ WH++ C+ C Q E
Sbjct: 2 PLCAGCNQHIVDRFILKVLDRHWHSKCLKCSDCQTQLAE 40
>gnl|CDD|188775 cd09389, LIM2_LMO1_LMO3, The second LIM domain of LMO1 and LMO3
(LIM domain only protein 1 and 3). The second LIM
domain of LMO1 and LMO3 (LIM domain only protein 1 and
3): LMO1 and LMO3 are highly homologous and belong to
the LMO protein family. LMO1 and LMO3 are nuclear
protein that plays important roles in transcriptional
regulation and development. As LIM domains lack
intrinsic DNA-binding activity, nuclear LMOs are
involved in transcriptional regulation by forming
complexes with other transcription factors or cofactors.
For example, LMO1 interacts with the the bHLH domain of
bHLH transcription factor, TAL1 (T-cell acute
leukemia1)/SCL (stem cell leukemia) . LMO1 inhibits the
expression of TAL1/SCL target genes. LMO3 facilitates
p53 binding to its response elements, which suggests
that LMO3 acts as a co-repressor of p53, suppressing
p53-dependent transcriptional regulation. In addition,
LMO3 interacts with neuronal transcription factor, HEN2,
and acts as an oncogene in neuroblastoma. Another
binding partner of LMO3 is calcium- and integrin-binding
protein CIB, which binds via the second LIM domain
(LIM2) of LMO3. One role of the CIB/LMO3 complex is to
inhibit cell proliferation. Although LMO1 and LMO3 are
highly homologous proteins, they play different roles in
the regulation of the pituitary glycoprotein hormone
alpha-subunit (alpha GSU) gene. Alpha GSU promoter
activity was markedly repressed by LMO1 but activated by
LMO3. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 29.2 bits (65), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 18/56 (32%), Positives = 29/56 (51%), Gaps = 5/56 (8%)
Query: 85 CSSCDK--PIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQE--LGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C++C K P V+ A +H + F C CNQ +G + FF +++ C+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CAACSKLIPAFEMVMRAKDNVYHLDCFACQLCNQRFCVGDK-FFLKNNMILCQMDY 55
>gnl|CDD|188780 cd09394, LIM1_Rga, The first LIM domain of Rga GTPase-Activating
Proteins. The first LIM domain of Rga
GTPase-Activating Proteins: The members of this family
contain two tandem repeats of LIM domains and a Rho-type
GTPase activating protein (RhoGap) domain. Rga activates
GTPases during polarized morphogenesis. In yeast, a
known regulating target of Rga is CDC42p, a small
GTPase. The LIM domain is 50-60 amino acids in size and
shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 55
Score = 28.9 bits (65), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 10/36 (27%), Positives = 13/36 (36%), Gaps = 1/36 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCVTAL-EKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFG 178
C C I + L WH F C +C K+
Sbjct: 1 CVGCKESITEGHAYELGGDRWHIHCFKCYKCDKKLS 36
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 0.72
Identities = 11/37 (29%), Positives = 15/37 (40%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGT 120
C C + I G G WH F C C+++L
Sbjct: 1 CVGCKESITEGHAYELGGDRWHIHCFKCYKCDKKLSC 37
>gnl|CDD|188784 cd09400, LIM_like_1, LIM domain in proteins of unknown function.
LIM domain in proteins of unknown function: LIM domains
are identified in a diverse group of proteins with wide
variety of biological functions, including gene
expression regulation, cell fate determination,
cytoskeleton organization, tumor formation, and
development. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes. They perform their functions through
interactions with other protein partners. The LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic highly conserved zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. The consensus sequence of LIM domain
has been defined as
C-x(2)-C-x(16,23)-H-x(2)-[CH]-x(2)-C-x(2)-C-x(16,
21)-C-x(2,3)-[CHD] (where X denotes any amino acid).
Length = 61
Score = 28.9 bits (65), Expect = 0.32
Identities = 15/49 (30%), Positives = 25/49 (51%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI-VGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C+SC P+ + + + GK +H F C C +L +F+E + YC
Sbjct: 5 CASCGLPVFLAERLLIEGKVYHRTCFKCARCGVQLTPGSFYETEYGSYC 53
>gnl|CDD|188852 cd09468, LIM1_Lhx4, The first LIM domain of Lhx4. The first LIM
domain of Lhx4. Lhx4 belongs to the LHX protein family,
which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. LHX4 plays
essential roles in pituitary gland and nervous system
development. In mice, the lhx4 gene is expressed in the
developing hindbrain, cerebral cortex, pituitary gland,
and spinal cord. LHX4 shows significant sequence
similarity to LHX3, particularly to isoforms Lhx3a. In
gene regulation experiments, the LHX4 protein exhibits
regulation roles towards pituitary genes, acting on
their promoters/enhancers. As in other LIM domains, this
domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares
two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc
fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 52
Score = 28.4 bits (63), Expect = 0.33
Identities = 15/37 (40%), Positives = 20/37 (54%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKCV-TALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ CN ILDK + L++ WH+ CA C Q E
Sbjct: 1 CAGCNQHILDKFILKVLDRHWHSSCLKCADCQMQLAE 37
>gnl|CDD|188788 cd09404, LIM1_MLP84B_like, The LIM domain of Mlp84B and Mlp60A.
The LIM domain of Mlp84B and Mlp60A: Mlp84B and Mlp60A
belong to the CRP LIM domain protein family. The Mlp84B
protein contains five copies of the LIM domains, each
followed by a Glycin Rich Region (GRR). However, only
the first LIM domain of Mlp84B is in this family. Mlp60A
exhibits only one LIM domain linked to a glycin-rich
region. Mlp84B and Mlp60A are muscle specific proteins
and have been implicated in muscle differentiation.
While Mlp84B transcripts are enriched at the terminal
ends of muscle fibers, Mlp60A transcripts are found
throughout the muscle fibers. All LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.33
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 22/51 (43%), Gaps = 1/51 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG-QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEP 134
C C K + + A G WH F C CN+ L + N E + YC+
Sbjct: 2 CPKCGKSVYAAEERLAGGYKWHKMCFKCGMCNKLLDSTNCAEHEGELYCKQ 52
>gnl|CDD|188798 cd09414, LIM1_LIMPETin, The first LIM domain of protein LIMPETin.
The first LIM domain of protein LIMPETin: LIMPETin
contains 6 LIM domains at the C-terminal and an
N-terminal PET domain. Four of the six LIM domains are
highly homologous to the four and half LIM domain
protein family and two of them show sequence similarity
to the LIM domains of the Testin family. Thus, LIMPETin
may be the recombinant product of genes coding testin
and FHL proteins. In Schistosoma mansoni, where
LIMPETin was first identified, LIMPETin is down
regulated in sexually mature adult Schistosoma females
compared to sexually immature adult females and adult
male. Its differential expression indicates that it is a
transcription regulator. LIM domains are 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 58
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.54
Identities = 16/58 (27%), Positives = 25/58 (43%), Gaps = 6/58 (10%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI----VGQVITALGKT--WHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C +P+ + G++ WHP F C+ C + L + D + YCE Y
Sbjct: 1 CGGCSEPLKYGELAVTAPKFGESLLWHPACFRCSTCEELLVDLTYCVHDDQIYCERHY 58
>gnl|CDD|188869 cd09485, LIM_Eplin_alpha_beta, The Lim domain of Epithelial Protein
Lost in Neoplasm (Eplin). The Lim domain of Epithelial
Protein Lost in Neoplasm (Eplin): Epithelial Protein
Lost in Neoplasm is a cytoskeleton-associated tumor
suppressor whose expression inversely correlates with
cell growth, motility, invasion and cancer mortality.
Eplin interacts and stabilizes F-actin filaments and
stress fibers, which correlates with its ability to
suppress anchorage independent growth. In epithelial
cells, Eplin is required for formation of the F-actin
adhesion belt by binding to the E-cadherin-catenin
complex through alpha-catenin. Eplin is expressed in two
isoforms, a longer Eplin-beta and a shorter Eplin-alpha.
Eplin-alpha mRNA is detected in various tissues and cell
lines, but is absent or down regulated in cancer cells.
As in other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60
amino acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.56
Identities = 14/53 (26%), Positives = 25/53 (47%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG-QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C SC K + + + A + +H F C++CN +L + YC+P +
Sbjct: 1 CVSCQKTVYPLERLVANQQIYHNSCFRCSYCNTKLSLGTYASLHGNIYCKPHF 53
>gnl|CDD|188764 cd09378, LIM2_Lmx1a_Lmx1b, The second LIM domain of Lmx1a and
Lmx1b. The second LIM domain of Lmx1a and Lmx1b: Lmx1a
and Lmx1b belong to the LHX protein family, which
features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs such as the
pituitary gland and the pancreas. Mouse Lmx1a is
expressed in multiple tissues, including the roof plate
of the neural tube, the developing brain, the otic
vesicles, the notochord, and the pancreas. In mouse,
mutations in Lmx1a result in failure of the roof plate
to develop. Lmx1a may act upstream of other roof plate
markers such as MafB, Gdf7, Bmp6, and Bmp7. Further
characterization of these mice reveals numerous defects
including disorganized cerebellum, hippocampus, and
cortex; altered pigmentation; female sterility, skeletal
defects, and behavioral abnormalities. In the mouse,
Lmx1b functions in the developing limbs and eyes, the
kidneys, the brain, and in cranial mesenchyme. The
disruption of Lmx1b gene results kidney and limb
defects. In the brain, Lmx1b is important for generation
of mesencephalic dopamine neurons and the
differentiation of serotonergic neurons. In the mouse
eye, Lmx1b regulates anterior segment (cornea, iris,
ciliary body, trabecular meshwork, and lens)
development. As in other LIM domains, this domain family
is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 55
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.57
Identities = 16/55 (29%), Positives = 26/55 (47%), Gaps = 3/55 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ--VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRN-FFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
CS C + I V+ AL +H F C C ++L + F ++ + C+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CSGCLEKIAPSELVMRALENVYHLRCFCCCVCERQLQKGDEFVLKEGQLLCKSDY 55
>gnl|CDD|188833 cd09449, LIM_Mystique, The LIM domain of Mystique, a subfamily of
ALP LIM domain proteins. The LIM domain of Mystique, a
subfamily of ALP LIM domain proteins: Mystique is the
most recently identified member of the ALP protein
family. It also interacts with alpha-actinin, as other
ALP proteins do. Mystique promotes cell attachment and
migration and suppresses anchorage-independent growth.
The LIM domain of Mystique is required for the
suppression function. Moreover, Mystique functions as an
ubiquitin E3 ligase acting on STAT proteins to cause
their proteosome mediated degradation. As in all LIM
domains, this domain is 50-60 amino acids in size and
shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 53
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.65
Identities = 16/50 (32%), Positives = 21/50 (42%), Gaps = 1/50 (2%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITAL-GKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C C IV Q + G+ HP + CT C L R F + +CE
Sbjct: 1 CEKCGTSIVTQAVRIQEGRYRHPGCYTCTDCGLNLKMRGHFWAGEKMFCE 50
>gnl|CDD|188730 cd09344, LIM1_FHL1, The first LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 1. The first LIM domain of Four and a
half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1): FHL1 is heavily
expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles. It plays
important roles in muscle growth, differentiation, and
sarcomere assembly by acting as a modulator of
transcription factors. Defects in FHL1 gene are
responsible for a number of Muscular dystrophy-like
muscle disorders. It has been detected that FHL1 binds
to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin filament
formation and sarcomere assembly. LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes. .
Length = 54
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.68
Identities = 14/51 (27%), Positives = 22/51 (43%), Gaps = 2/51 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCE 133
C+ C KPI + + + WH F C C + L F +D++ C
Sbjct: 1 CAECRKPIGADSKELHHKNRYWHETCFRCAKCYKPLANEPFVAKDNKILCG 51
>gnl|CDD|188772 cd09386, LIM1_LMO4, The first LIM domain of LMO4 (LIM domain only
protein 4). The first LIM domain of LMO4 (LIM domain
only protein 4): LMO4 is a nuclear protein that plays
important roles in transcriptional regulation and
development. LMO4 is involved in various functions in
tumorigenesis and cellular differentiation. LMO4
proteins regulate gene expression by interacting with a
wide variety of transcription factors and cofactors to
form large transcription complexes. It can interact with
Smad proteins, and associate with the promoter of the
PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) gene in a
TGFbeta (transforming growth factor beta)-dependent
manner. LMO4 can also form a complex with transcription
regulator CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein)
and interact with CLIM1 and CLIM2. In breast tissue,
LMO4 interacts with multiple proteins, including the
cofactor CtIP [CtBP (C-terminal binding
protein)-interacting protein], the breast and ovarian
tumor suppressor BRCA1 (breast-cancer susceptibility
gene 1) and the LIM-domain-binding protein LDB1.
Functionally, LMO4 is shown to repress BRCA1-mediated
transcription activation, thus invoking a potential role
for LMO4 as a negative regulator of BRCA1 in sporadic
breast cancer. LMO4 also forms complex to both ERa
(oestrogen receptor alpha), MTA1 (metastasis tumor
antigen 1), and HDACs (histone deacetylases), implying
that LMO4 is also a component of the MTA1 corepressor
complex. Over-expressed LMO4 represses ERa
transactivation functions in an HDAC-dependent manner,
and contributes to the process of breast cancer
progression by allowing the development of Era-negative
phenotypes. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.69
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 21/37 (56%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDK-CVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ C G I+D+ + AL++ WH C+ C Q GE
Sbjct: 1 CAGCGGKIVDRFLLHALDRYWHNGCLKCSCCQAQLGE 37
>gnl|CDD|188826 cd09442, LIM_Eplin_like, The Lim domain of Epithelial Protein Lost
in Neoplasm (Eplin) like proteins. The Lim domain of
Epithelial Protein Lost in Neoplasm (Eplin) like
proteins: This family contains Epithelial Protein Lost
in Neoplasm in Neoplasm (Eplin), xin actin-binding
repeat-containing protein 2 (XIRP2) and a group of
protein with unknown function. The members of this
family all contain a single LIM domain. Epithelial
Protein Lost in Neoplasm is a cytoskeleton-associated
tumor suppressor whose expression inversely correlates
with cell growth, motility, invasion and cancer
mortality. Eplin interacts and stabilizes F-actin
filaments and stress fibers, which correlates with its
ability to suppress anchorage independent growth. In
epithelial cells, Eplin is required for formation of the
F-actin adhesion belt by binding to the
E-cadherin-catenin complex through alpha-catenin. Eplin
is expressed in two isoforms, a longer Eplin-beta and a
shorter Eplin-alpha. Eplin-alpha mRNA is detected in
various tissues and cell lines, but is absent or down
regulated in cancer cells. Xirp2 contains a LIM domain
and Xin re peats for binding to and stabilising F-actin.
Xirp2 is expressed in muscles and is significantly
induced in the heart in response to systemic
administration of angiotensin II. Xirp2 is an important
effector of the Ang II signaling pathway in the heart.
The expression of Xirp2 is activated by myocyte enhancer
factor (MEF)2A, whose transcriptional activity is
stimulated by angiotersin II. Thus, Xirp2 plays
important pathological roles in the angiotensin II
induced hypertension. As in other LIM domains, this
domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares
two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc
fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.70
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 18/35 (51%)
Query: 102 KTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
+ +H F C HCN +L N+ R YC+P +
Sbjct: 19 QNFHKSCFRCEHCNSKLSLGNYASLHGRIYCKPHF 53
>gnl|CDD|188770 cd09384, LIM1_LMO2, The first LIM domain of LMO2 (LIM domain only
protein 2). The first LIM domain of LMO2 (LIM domain
only protein 2): LMO2 is a nuclear protein that plays
important roles in transcriptional regulation and
development. The two tandem LIM domains of LMO2 support
the assembly of a crucial cell-regulatory complex by
interacting with both the TAL1-E47 and GATA1
transcription factors to form a DNA-binding complex that
is capable of transcriptional activation. LMOs have also
been shown to be involved in oncogenesis. LMO1 and LMO2
are activated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by
distinct chromosomal translocations. LMO2 was also shown
to be involved in erythropoiesis and is required for the
hematopoiesis in the adult animals. All LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 27.5 bits (61), Expect = 0.82
Identities = 15/55 (27%), Positives = 23/55 (41%), Gaps = 3/55 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ-VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGT--RNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C + I + + A+ + WH + C C LG R + + R C DY
Sbjct: 1 CGGCQQNIGDRYFLKAIDQYWHEDCLSCDLCGCRLGEVGRRLYYKLGRKLCRRDY 55
>gnl|CDD|188763 cd09377, LIM2_Lhx2_Lhx9, The second LIM domain of Lhx2 and Lhx9
family. The second LIM domain of Lhx2 and Lhx9 family:
Lhx2 and Lhx9 are highly homologous LHX regulatory
proteins. They belong to the LHX protein family, which
features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. Although Lhx2 and
Lhx9 are highly homologous, they seems to play
regulatory roles in different organs. In animals, Lhx2
plays important roles in eye, cerebral cortex, limb, the
olfactory organs, and erythrocyte development. Lhx2 gene
knockout mice exhibit impaired patterning of the
cortical hem and the telencephalon of the developing
brain, and a lack of development in olfactory
structures. Lhx9 is expressed in several regions of the
developing mouse brain, the spinal cord, the pancreas,
in limb mesenchyme, and in the urogenital region. Lhx9
plays critical roles in gonad development. Homozygous
mice lacking functional Lhx9 alleles exhibit numerous
urogenital defects, such as gonadal agenesis,
infertility, and undetectable levels of testosterone and
estradiol coupled with high FSH levels. Lhx9 null mice
are phenotypically female, even those that are
genotypically male. As in other LIM domains, this domain
family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 59
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 15/34 (44%), Gaps = 1/34 (2%)
Query: 104 WHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFF-ERDSRPYCEPDY 136
+H F C CN+ L + F RD YC Y
Sbjct: 26 FHLNCFTCATCNKPLTKGDHFGMRDGLVYCRLHY 59
>gnl|CDD|188825 cd09441, LIM2_SF3, The second Lim domain of pollen specific protein
SF3. The second Lim domain of pollen specific protein
SF3: SF3 is a Lim protein that is found exclusively in
mature plant pollen grains. It contains two LIM domains.
The exact function of SF3 is unknown. It may be a
transcription factor required for the expression of late
pollen genes. It is possible that SF3 protein is
involved in controlling pollen-specific processes such
as male gamete maturation, pollen tube formation, or
even fertilization. As in other LIM domains, this domain
family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 61
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 17/59 (28%), Positives = 28/59 (47%), Gaps = 5/59 (8%)
Query: 85 CSSCDK---PIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLF 140
C +C K PI + +T G ++H F C+H + N+ + R YC+ + LF
Sbjct: 1 CVACGKTVYPI--EKVTVEGTSYHKSCFKCSHGGCTISPSNYAAHEGRLYCKHHHSQLF 57
>gnl|CDD|188817 cd09433, LIM4_FHL2, The fourth LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 2 (FHL2). The fourth LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2): FHL2 is one of
the best studied FHL proteins. FHL2 expression is most
abundant in the heart, and in brain, liver and lung to a
lesser extent. FHL2 participates in a wide range of
cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation,
signal transduction, and cell survival by binding to
various protein partners. FHL2 has shown to interact
with more than 50 different proteins, including
receptors, structural proteins, transcription factors
and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing factors, DNA
replication and repair enzymes, and metabolic enzymes.
Although FHL2 is abundantly expressed in heart, the fhl2
null mice are viable and had no detectable abnormal
cardiac phenotype. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in
size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs.
The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to s upport the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 58
Score = 26.9 bits (59), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 23/48 (47%), Gaps = 5/48 (10%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG----QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFF-ERD 127
C+ C PI G + I+ + WH + F C C+ L R F ERD
Sbjct: 1 CAGCTNPISGLGGTKYISFEERQWHNDCFNCKKCSLSLVGRGFLTERD 48
>gnl|CDD|188870 cd09486, LIM_Eplin_like_1, a LIM domain subfamily on a group of
proteins with unknown function. This model represents a
LIM domain subfamily of Eplin-like family. This family
shows highest homology to the LIM domains on Eplin and
XIRP2 protein families. Epithelial Protein Lost in
Neoplasm is a cytoskeleton-associated tumor suppressor
whose expression inversely correlates with cell growth,
motility, invasion and cancer mortality. Xirp2 is
expressed in muscles and is an important effector of the
Ang II signaling pathway in the heart. As in other LIM
domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size
and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The
two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues,
mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond
to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 53
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 16/53 (30%), Positives = 25/53 (47%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG-QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
CSSC K + + + A +H F C HCN +L ++ YC+P +
Sbjct: 1 CSSCQKTVYPMERLVADKLVFHNSCFCCKHCNAKLSLGSYAALHGEFYCKPHF 53
>gnl|CDD|188756 cd09370, LIM1_Lmx1a, The first LIM domain of Lmx1a. The first LIM
domain of Lmx1a: Lmx1a belongs to the LHX protein
family, which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains
and a C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. Mouse Lmx1a is
expressed in multiple tissues, including the roof plate
of the neural tube, the developing brain, the otic
vesicles, the notochord, and the pancreas. Human Lmx1a
can be found in pancreas, skeletal muscle, adipose
tissue, developing brain, mammary glands, and pituitary.
The functions of Lmx1a in the developing nervous system
were revealed by studies of mutant mouse. In mouse,
mutations in Lmx1a result in failure of the roof plate
to develop. Lmx1a may act upstream of other roof plate
markers such as MafB, Gdf7, Bmp 6, and Bmp7. Further
characterization of these mice reveals numerous defects
including disorganized cerebellum, hippocampus, and
cortex; altered pigmentation; female sterility; skeletal
defects; and behavioral abnormalities. Within pancreatic
cells, the Lmx1a protein interacts synergistically with
the bHLH transcription factor E47 to activate the
insulin gene enhancer/promoter. As in other LIM domains,
this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and
shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 52
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 16/53 (30%), Positives = 26/53 (49%), Gaps = 2/53 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKT-WHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C C++ I + + + + WH C C + L T F+ RD + YC+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CEGCNRVIQDRFLLRVNDSLWHERCLQCASCKEPLETTCFY-RDKKLYCKEDY 52
>gnl|CDD|188729 cd09343, LIM1_FHL, The first LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein (FHL). The first LIM domain of Four and
a half LIM domains protein (FHL): LIM-only protein
family consists of five members, designated FHL1, FHL2,
FHL3, FHL5 and LIMPETin. The first four members are
composed of four complete LIM domains arranged in tandem
and an N-terminal single zinc finger domain with a
consensus sequence equivalent to the C-terminal half of
a LIM domain. LIMPETin is an exception, containing six
LIM domains. FHL1, 2 and 3 are predominantly expressed
in muscle tissues, and FHL5 is highly expressed in male
germ cells. FHL proteins exert their roles as
transcription co-activators or co-repressors through a
wide array of interaction partners. For example, FHL1
binds to Myosin-binding protein C, regulating myosin
filament formation and sarcomere assembly. FHL2 has
shown to interact with more than 50 different proteins,
including receptors, structural proteins, transcription
factors and cofactors, signal transducers, splicing
factors, DNA replication and repair enzymes, and
metabolic enzymes. FHL3 int eracts with many
transcription factors, such as CREB, BKLF/KLF3, CtBP2,
MyoD, and MZF_1. FHL5 is a tissue-specific coactivator
of CREB/CREM family transcription factors. LIM domains
are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 13/51 (25%), Positives = 20/51 (39%), Gaps = 2/51 (3%)
Query: 84 CCSSCDKPIV--GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C K I + ++ + WH F C C + L + F +D C
Sbjct: 4 TCEECKKKIGCDSKDLSYKDRHWHEGCFKCFKCQRSLVDKPFAAKDEDLLC 54
>gnl|CDD|188818 cd09434, LIM4_FHL3, The fourth LIM domain of Four and a half LIM
domains protein 3 (FHL3). The fourth LIM domain of Four
and a half LIM domains protein 3 (FHL3): FHL3 is highly
expressed in the skeleton and cardiac muscles and
possesses the transactivation and repression activities.
FHL3 interacts with many transcription factors, such as
CREB, BKLF/KLF3, CtBP2, MyoD, and MZF_1. Moreover, FHL3
interacts with alpha- and beta-subunits of the muscle
alpha7beta1 integrin receptor. FHL3 was also proved to
possess the auto-activation ability and was confirmed
that the second zinc finger motif in fourth LIM domain
was responsible for the auto-activation of FHL3. LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 56
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 25/52 (48%), Gaps = 4/52 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVG----QVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C++C+KPI G + ++ + WH F C+ C+ L FF + C
Sbjct: 1 CAACNKPITGFGGGKYVSFEDRQWHQPCFKCSRCSVSLVGAGFFPDGDQILC 52
>gnl|CDD|188804 cd09420, LIM3_Prickle, The third LIM domain of Prickle. The third
LIM domain of Prickle: Prickle contains three C-terminal
LIM domains and a N-terminal PET domain. Prickles have
been implicated in roles of regulating tissue polarity
or planar cell polarity (PCP). PCP establishment
requires the conserved Frizzled/Dishevelled PCP pathway.
Prickle interacts with Dishevelled, thereby modulating
Frizzled/Dishevelled activity and PCP signaling. Two
forms of prickles have been identified; namely prickle 1
and prickle 2. Prickle 1 and prickle 2 are
differentially expressed. While prickle 1 is expressed
in fetal heart and hematological malignancies, prickle 2
is found in fetal brain, adult cartilage, pancreatic
islet, and some types of timorous cells. LIM domains are
50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic
zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 59
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 2.5
Identities = 17/53 (32%), Positives = 25/53 (47%), Gaps = 6/53 (11%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPI---VGQVITALGKTWHP--EHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C +C + I GQ +T G+ WH + F C C + L R F + + YC
Sbjct: 3 CDTCGEHIGVDQGQ-MTYDGQHWHATEKCFCCAQCKKSLLGRPFLPKQGQIYC 54
>gnl|CDD|188774 cd09388, LIM1_LMO1_LMO3, The first LIM domain of LMO1 and LMO3 (LIM
domain only protein 1 and 3). The first LIM domain of
LMO1 and LMO3 (LIM domain only protein 1 and 3): LMO1
and LMO3 are highly homologous and belong to the LMO
protein family. LMO1 and LMO3 are nuclear protein that
plays important roles in transcriptional regulation and
development. As LIM domains lack intrinsic DNA-binding
activity, nuclear LMOs are involved in transcriptional
regulation by forming complexes with other transcription
factors or cofactors. For example, LMO1 interacts with
the the bHLH domain of bHLH transcription factor, TAL1
(T-cell acute leukemia1)/SCL (stem cell leukemia) . LMO1
inhibits the expression of TAL1/SCL target genes. LMO3
facilitates p53 binding to its response elements, which
suggests that LMO3 acts as a co-repressor of p53,
suppressing p53-dependent transcriptional regulation. In
addition, LMO3 interacts with neuronal transcription
factor, HEN2, and acts as an oncogene in neuroblastoma.
Another binding partner of LMO3 is calcium- and
integrin-binding protein CIB, which binds via the second
LIM domain (LIM2) of LMO3. One role of the CIB/LMO3
complex is to inhibit cell proliferation. Although LMO1
and LMO3 are highly homologous proteins, they play
different roles in the regulation of the pituitary
glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit (alpha GSU) gene.
Alpha GSU promoter activity was markedly repressed by
LMO1 but activated by LMO3. All LIM domains are 50-60
amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc
finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight
conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines,
which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 2.5
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 21/37 (56%), Gaps = 1/37 (2%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDK-CVTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
C+ CN I D+ + AL++ WH + CA C + GE
Sbjct: 1 CAGCNRKIKDRYLLKALDQYWHEDCLKCACCDCRLGE 37
>gnl|CDD|188848 cd09464, LIM2_LIMK1, The second LIM domain of LIMK1 (LIM domain
Kinase 1). The second LIM domain of LIMK1 (LIM domain
Kinase 1): LIMK1 belongs to the LIMK protein family,
which comprises LIMK1 and LIMK2. LIMK contains two LIM
domains, a PDZ domain, and a kinase domain. LIMK is
involved in the regulation of actin polymerization and
microtubule disassembly. LIMK influences architecture of
the actin cytoskeleton by regulating the activity of the
cofilin family proteins cofilin1, cofilin2, and destrin.
The mechanism of the activation is to phosphorylates
cofilin on serine 3 and inactivates its actin-severing
activity, and altering the rate of actin
depolymerization. LIMKs can function in both cytoplasm
and nucleus. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 can act in the nucleus
to suppress Rac/Cdc42-dependent cyclin D1 expression.
LIMK1 is expressed in all tissues and is localized to
focal adhesions in the cell. LIMK1 can form homodimers
upon binding of HSP90 and is activated by Rho effector
Rho kinase and MAPKAPK2. LIMK1 is important for normal
central nervous system development, and its deletion has
been implicated in the development of the human genetic
disorder Williams syndrome. Moreover, LIMK1 up-regulates
the promoter activity of urokinase type plasminogen
activator and induces its mRNA and protein expression in
breast cancer cells. The LIM domains have been shown to
play an important role in regulating kinase activity and
likely also contribute to LIMK function by acting as
sites of protein-to-protein interactions. All LIM
domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two
characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers
contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and
histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms.
LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support
the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.
Length = 55
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 2.5
Identities = 18/52 (34%), Positives = 24/52 (46%), Gaps = 5/52 (9%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELG---TRNFFERDSRPYC 132
C C + I G V+ A + +HPE F C C +G T E S+ YC
Sbjct: 1 CHGCSETITTGLVMVAGEQKYHPECFSCLRCGAFIGDGDTYALVEH-SKLYC 51
>gnl|CDD|149823 pfam08882, Acetone_carb_G, Acetone carboxylase gamma subunit.
Acetone carboxylase is the key enzyme of bacterial
acetone metabolism, catalyzing the condensation of
acetone and CO(2) to form acetoacetate.
Length = 106
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 2.9
Identities = 16/81 (19%), Positives = 24/81 (29%), Gaps = 26/81 (32%)
Query: 106 PEHFICTHCNQELGTR--------NFFERDSRPYCEP--DYHNLFSPRCSYCNGPILDKC 155
PE +IC C + G + RD R Y F+P + I +
Sbjct: 13 PELWICRVCGHDFGDARENYKLGALIYVRDPREIHREIIRYPFTFAPDPEWQR--IRE-- 68
Query: 156 VTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQ 176
++C CG
Sbjct: 69 ------------YYCPGCGTL 77
>gnl|CDD|234699 PRK00241, nudC, NADH pyrophosphatase; Reviewed.
Length = 256
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 5/13 (38%), Positives = 7/13 (53%)
Query: 162 TWHTEHFFCAQCG 174
++ H FC CG
Sbjct: 94 EFYRSHRFCGYCG 106
>gnl|CDD|173170 PRK14707, PRK14707, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 2710
Score = 28.2 bits (62), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 18/55 (32%), Positives = 23/55 (41%), Gaps = 1/55 (1%)
Query: 66 DSLTAEMSRQGVTTTQKGCCSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCN-QELG 119
D L + M QGV T C D P G ++AL + E + QELG
Sbjct: 196 DRLRSAMDAQGVATVLNALCKWPDTPDCGNAVSALAERLADESRLRNELKPQELG 250
>gnl|CDD|188853 cd09469, LIM1_Lhx2, The first LIM domain of Lhx2. The first LIM
domain of Lhx2: Lhx2 belongs to the LHX protein family,
which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. In animals, Lhx2
plays important roles in eye, cerebral cortex, limb, the
olfactory organs, and erythrocyte development. Lhx2 gene
knockout mice exhibit impaired patterning of the
cortical hem and the telencephalon of the developing
brain, and a lack of development in olfactory
structures. The Lhx2 protein has been shown to bind to
the mouse M71 olfactory receptor promoter. Similar to
other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 64
Score = 26.1 bits (57), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 16/54 (29%), Positives = 23/54 (42%), Gaps = 2/54 (3%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQV-ITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTR-NFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C+ C I + + A+ K WH C C L + F +D YC+ DY
Sbjct: 11 CAGCGGKISDRYYLLAVDKQWHMRCLKCCECKLNLESELTCFSKDGSIYCKEDY 64
>gnl|CDD|188857 cd09473, LIM2_Lhx4, The second LIM domain of Lhx4. The second LIM
domain of Lhx4. Lhx4 belongs to the LHX protein family,
which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. LHX4 plays
essential roles in pituitary gland and nervous system
development. In mice, the lhx4 gene is expressed in the
developing hindbrain, cerebral cortex, pituitary gland,
and spinal cord. LHX4 shows significant sequence
similarity to LHX3, particularly to isoforms Lhx3a. In
gene regulation experiments, the LHX4 protein exhibits
regulation roles towards pituitary genes, acting on
their promoters/enhancers. As in other LIM domains, this
domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares
two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc
fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 56
Score = 25.8 bits (56), Expect = 3.6
Identities = 16/56 (28%), Positives = 26/56 (46%), Gaps = 4/56 (7%)
Query: 85 CSSCDK--PIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRN--FFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C++C + P V A +H F C C+++L T + + D R C+ DY
Sbjct: 1 CTACQQGIPPTQVVRKAQDFVYHLHCFACIICSRQLATGDEFYLMEDGRLVCKEDY 56
>gnl|CDD|188865 cd09481, LIM1_CRP3, The first LIM domain of Cysteine Rich Protein 3
(CRP3/MLP). The first LIM domain of Cysteine Rich
Protein 3 (CRP3/MLP): Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) are
characterized by the presence of two LIM domains linked
to short glycine-rich repeats (GRRs). The CRP family
members include CRP1, CRP2, CRP3/MLP and TLPCRP1, CRP2
and CRP3 share a conserved nuclear targeting signal
(K/R-K/R-Y-G-P-K), which supports the fact that these
proteins function not only in the cytoplasm but also in
the nucleus. CRPs control regulatory pathways during
cellular differentiation, and involve in complex
transcription circuits, and the organization as well as
the arrangement of the myofibrillar/cytoskeletal
network.CRP3 also called Muscle LIM Protein (MLP), which
is a striated muscle-specific factor that enhances
myogenic differentiation. CRP3/MLP interacts with
cytoskeletal protein beta-spectrin. CRP3/MLP also
interacts with the basic helix-loop-helix myogenic
transcriptio n factors MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4 thereby
increasing their affinity for specific DNA regulatory
elements. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and
share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein
complexes.
Length = 54
Score = 25.5 bits (55), Expect = 3.9
Identities = 15/53 (28%), Positives = 26/53 (49%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV-GQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDY 136
C +C+K + + I G+++H FIC C + L + +S YC+ Y
Sbjct: 2 CGACEKTVYHAEEIQCNGRSFHKTCFICMACRKALDSTTVAAHESEIYCKTCY 54
>gnl|CDD|132564 TIGR03525, GldK, gliding motility-associated lipoprotein GldK.
Members of this protein family are exclusive to the
Bacteroidetes phylum (previously
Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroides). GldK is a
lipoprotein linked to a type of rapid surface gliding
motility found in certain Bacteroidetes, such as
Flavobacterium johnsoniae. Knockouts of GldK abolish the
gliding phenotype. GldK is homologous to GldJ. There is
a GldK homolog in Cytophaga hutchinsonii and several
other species that has a different, shorter architecture
and is represented by a separate model. Gliding motility
appears closely linked to chitin utilization in the
model species Flavobacterium johnsoniae. Bacteroidetes
with members of this protein family appear to have all
of the genes associated with gliding motility.
Length = 449
Score = 27.5 bits (61), Expect = 4.1
Identities = 8/22 (36%), Positives = 12/22 (54%)
Query: 86 SSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPE 107
SC G+++ GK W+PE
Sbjct: 15 YSCGSGDKGELVGVEGKKWYPE 36
>gnl|CDD|99938 cd05506, Bromo_plant1, Bromodomain, uncharacterized subfamily
specific to plants. Might function as a global
transcription factor. Bromodomains are 110 amino acid
long domains, that are found in many chromatin
associated proteins. Bromodomains can interact
specifically with acetylated lysine.
Length = 99
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 4.7
Identities = 7/28 (25%), Positives = 16/28 (57%)
Query: 40 TDSSSVSYSKPNQPVHQKGKQLDCMLDS 67
T ++++ Y+ P VH K+L + ++
Sbjct: 70 TFANAMRYNPPGNDVHTMAKELLKIFET 97
>gnl|CDD|188743 cd09357, LIM3_Zyxin_like, The third LIM domain of Zyxin-like
family. The third LIM domain of Zyxin like family: This
family includes Ajuba, Limd1, WTIP, Zyxin, LPP, and
Trip6 LIM proteins. Members of Zyxin family contain
three tandem C-terminal LIM domains, and a proline-rich
N-terminal region. Zyxin proteins are detected
primarily in focal adhesion plaques. They function as
scaffolds, participating in the assembly of multiple
interactions and signal transduction networks, which
regulate cell adhesion, spreading, and motility. They
can also shuffle into nucleus. In nucleus, zyxin
proteins affect gene transcription by interaction with a
variety of nuclear proteins, including several
transcription factors, playing regulating roles in cell
proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. As in
other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 63
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 6.3
Identities = 14/42 (33%), Positives = 20/42 (47%), Gaps = 7/42 (16%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIV---GQ----VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELG 119
CS C +PI+ GQ I AL +++H + C C L
Sbjct: 1 CSVCGEPIMPEPGQDETVRIVALDRSFHVNCYKCEDCGMLLS 42
Score = 24.7 bits (54), Expect = 8.6
Identities = 11/43 (25%), Positives = 19/43 (44%), Gaps = 7/43 (16%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKC-------VTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGKQFGE 179
CS C PI+ + + AL++++H + C CG
Sbjct: 1 CSVCGEPIMPEPGQDETVRIVALDRSFHVNCYKCEDCGMLLSS 43
>gnl|CDD|234097 TIGR03032, TIGR03032, TIGR03032 family protein. This protein
family is uncharacterized. A number of motifs are
conserved perfectly among all member sequences. The
function of this protein is unknown [Hypothetical
proteins, Conserved].
Length = 335
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 7.6
Identities = 17/61 (27%), Positives = 21/61 (34%), Gaps = 14/61 (22%)
Query: 98 TALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRN----FFERDSRP---YCEPDYHNLFSPRCSYCNGP 150
+G P+ LGTR F D+ P Y L+ PR SY G
Sbjct: 50 RPMGLAVSPQSLT-------LGTRYQLWRFANVDNLLPAGQTHPGYDRLYVPRASYVTGD 102
Query: 151 I 151
I
Sbjct: 103 I 103
>gnl|CDD|188858 cd09474, LIM2_Lhx2, The second LIM domain of Lhx2. The second LIM
domain of Lhx2: Lhx2 belongs to the LHX protein family,
which features two tandem N-terminal LIM domains and a
C-terminal DNA binding homeodomain. Members of LHX
family are found in the nucleus and act as transcription
factors or cofactors. LHX proteins are critical for the
development of specialized cells in multiple tissue
types, including the nervous system, skeletal muscle,
the heart, the kidneys, and endocrine organs, such as
the pituitary gland and the pancreas. In animals, Lhx2
plays important roles in eye, cerebral cortex, limb, the
olfactory organs, and erythrocyte development. Lhx2 gene
knockout mice exhibit impaired patterning of the
cortical hem and the telencephalon of the developing
brain, and a lack of development in olfactory
structures. The Lhx2 protein has been shown to bind to
the mouse M71 olfactory receptor promoter. Similar to
other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino
acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger
motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved
residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which
coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains
function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the
assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 59
Score = 25.0 bits (54), Expect = 7.7
Identities = 17/51 (33%), Positives = 24/51 (47%), Gaps = 3/51 (5%)
Query: 85 CSSCDKPIVGQ--VITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFF-ERDSRPYC 132
C+ C I V+ A +H F CT CN+ L T + F +D+ YC
Sbjct: 5 CARCHLGISASEMVMRARDLVYHLNCFTCTTCNKMLTTGDHFGMKDNLVYC 55
>gnl|CDD|188819 cd09435, LIM3_Zyxin, The third LIM domain of Zyxin. The third LIM
domain of Zyxin: Zyxin exhibits three copies of the LIM
domain, an extensive proline-rich domain and a nuclear
export signal. Localized at sites of cellsubstratum
adhesion in fibroblasts, Zyxin interacts with
alpha-actinin, members of the cysteine-rich protein
(CRP) family, proteins that display Src homology 3 (SH3)
domains and Ena/VASP family members. Zyxin and its
partners have been implicated in the spatial control of
actin filament assembly as well as in pathways important
for cell differentiation. In addition to its functions
at focal adhesion plaques, recent work has shown that
zyxin moves from the sites of cell contacts to the
nucleus, where it directly participates in the
regulation of gene expression. As in other LIM domains,
this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and
shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two
zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly
cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two
zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or
scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.
Length = 67
Score = 25.2 bits (55), Expect = 8.2
Identities = 13/39 (33%), Positives = 20/39 (51%), Gaps = 7/39 (17%)
Query: 144 CSYCNGPILDKC-------VTALEKTWHTEHFFCAQCGK 175
C C+ PI+ + V ALEK +H + + C CG+
Sbjct: 1 CCVCSEPIMPEPGRDETVRVVALEKNFHMKCYKCEDCGR 39
>gnl|CDD|224908 COG1997, RPL43A, Ribosomal protein L37AE/L43A [Translation,
ribosomal structure and biogenesis].
Length = 89
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 9.6
Identities = 8/35 (22%), Positives = 11/35 (31%), Gaps = 8/35 (22%)
Query: 81 QKGCCSSCDKPIVGQVITALGKTWHPEHFICTHCN 115
K C C + V ++ T W C C
Sbjct: 34 AKHVCPFCGRTTVKRIAT---GIW-----KCRKCG 60
>gnl|CDD|226801 COG4357, COG4357, Zinc finger domain containing protein (CHY type)
[Function unknown].
Length = 105
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 9.7
Identities = 12/42 (28%), Positives = 19/42 (45%), Gaps = 4/42 (9%)
Query: 105 HPEHFICTHCNQELGTRNFFERDSRPYCEPDYHNLFSPRCSY 146
+P+ IC C + L + S PYC+ + F+P C
Sbjct: 59 NPKAIICGVCRKLLTRAEYGMCGSCPYCQ----SPFNPGCKN 96
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.320 0.134 0.438
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0804 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 8,741,497
Number of extensions: 727224
Number of successful extensions: 1013
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 968
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 265
Length of query: 185
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 91
Effective length of query: 94
Effective length of database: 6,901,388
Effective search space: 648730472
Effective search space used: 648730472
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.4 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.8 bits)
S2: 56 (25.2 bits)