RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy6105
(194 letters)
>gnl|CDD|176048 cd08403, C2B_Synaptotagmin-3-5-6-9-10, C2 domain second repeat
present in Synaptotagmins 3, 5, 6, 9, and 10.
Synaptotagmin is a membrane-trafficking protein
characterized by a N-terminal transmembrane region, a
linker, and 2 C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 3, a
member of class 3 synaptotagmins, is located in the
brain and localized to the active zone and plasma
membrane. It functions as a Ca2+ sensor for fast
exocytosis. It, along with synaptotagmins 5,6, and 10,
has disulfide bonds at its N-terminus. Synaptotagmin 9,
a class 5 synaptotagmins, is located in the brain and
localized to the synaptic vesicles. It is thought to be
a Ca2+-sensor for dense-core vesicle exocytosis.
Previously all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium
sensors in the regulation of neurotransmitter release
and hormone secretion, but it has been shown that not
all of them bind calcium. Of the 17 identified
synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10).
The function of the two C2 domains that bind calcium
are: regulating the fusion step of synaptic vesicle
exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 134
Score = 176 bits (447), Expect = 4e-57
Identities = 62/100 (62%), Positives = 83/100 (83%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PYVKV L+CEG+R++KK+TSVKKN+LNP YNEAL+FDVP NV++VSLII V+DYDR+
Sbjct: 35 SDPYVKVSLMCEGRRLKKKKTSVKKNTLNPTYNEALVFDVPPENVDNVSLIIAVVDYDRV 94
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
G +EL+G +G + G GR+HW EML NPR+P+ QW+ L
Sbjct: 95 GHNELIGVCRVGPNADGQGREHWNEMLANPRKPIAQWHQL 134
>gnl|CDD|175975 cd00276, C2B_Synaptotagmin, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin. Synaptotagmin is a membrane-trafficking
protein characterized by a N-terminal transmembrane
region, a linker, and 2 C-terminal C2 domains. There are
several classes of Synaptotagmins. Previously all
synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium sensors in the
regulation of neurotransmitter release and hormone
secretion, but it has been shown that not all of them
bind calcium. Of the 17 identified synaptotagmins only
8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the
two C2 domains that bind calcium are: regulating the
fusion step of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and
binding to phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
(PIP3) in the absence of calcium ions and to
phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in their
presence (C2B). C2B also regulates also the recycling
step of synaptic vesicles. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 134
Score = 144 bits (365), Expect = 1e-44
Identities = 48/100 (48%), Positives = 72/100 (72%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PYVKV L+ GK+++KK+TSVKK +LNP +NEA FDVPA + +VSL+I V+D D +
Sbjct: 35 SDPYVKVSLLQGGKKLKKKKTSVKKGTLNPVFNEAFSFDVPAEQLEEVSLVITVVDKDSV 94
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
G +E++G +G G +HW EML +PR+P+ +W+ L
Sbjct: 95 GRNEVIGQVVLGPDSGGEELEHWNEMLASPRKPIARWHKL 134
>gnl|CDD|176047 cd08402, C2B_Synaptotagmin-1, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 1. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 1, a member of the
class 1 synaptotagmins, is located in the brain and
endocranium and localized to the synaptic vesicles and
secretory granules. It functions as a Ca2+ sensor for
fast exocytosis. It, like synaptotagmin-2, has an
N-glycosylated N-terminus. Synaptotagmin 4, a member of
class 4 synaptotagmins, is located in the brain. It
functions are unknown. It, like synaptotagmin-11, has an
Asp to Ser substitution in its C2A domain. Previously
all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium sensors in
the regulation of neurotransmitter release and hormone
secretion, but it has been shown that not all of them
bind calcium. Of the 17 identified synaptotagmins only
8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the
two C2 domains that bind calcium are: regulating the
fusion step of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and
binding to phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
(PIP3) in the absence of calcium ions and to
phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in their
presence (C2B). C2B also regulates also the recycling
step of synaptic vesicles. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 136
Score = 127 bits (321), Expect = 6e-38
Identities = 45/100 (45%), Positives = 72/100 (72%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PYVK++L+ GKR++KK+T++KK +LNP+YNE+ F+VP + V LI+ V+DYDRI
Sbjct: 36 SDPYVKIHLMQNGKRLKKKKTTIKKRTLNPYYNESFSFEVPFEQIQKVHLIVTVLDYDRI 95
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
G ++ +G +G + G HW +ML +PR+P+ QW+ L
Sbjct: 96 GKNDPIGKVVLGCNATGAELRHWSDMLASPRRPIAQWHTL 135
>gnl|CDD|176050 cd08405, C2B_Synaptotagmin-7, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 7. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 7, a member of
class 2 synaptotagmins, is located in presynaptic plasma
membranes in neurons, dense-core vesicles in endocrine
cells, and lysosomes in fibroblasts. It has been shown
to play a role in regulation of Ca2+-dependent lysosomal
exocytosis in fibroblasts and may also function as a
vesicular Ca2+-sensor. It is distinguished from the
other synaptotagmins by having over 12 splice forms.
Previously all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium
sensors in the regulation of neurotransmitter release
and hormone secretion, but it has been shown that not
all of them bind calcium. Of the 17 identified
synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10).
The function of the two C2 domains that bind calcium
are: regulating the fusion step of synaptic vesicle
exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 136
Score = 111 bits (280), Expect = 8e-32
Identities = 43/100 (43%), Positives = 69/100 (69%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PYVKV+L+ + KR+ KK+T +KK +LNP +NE+ +F++P + + +LII V+D DR+
Sbjct: 36 SDPYVKVWLMYKDKRVEKKKTVIKKRTLNPVFNESFIFNIPLERLRETTLIITVMDKDRL 95
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
++L+G +G G+ HW +ML PRQPV QW+ L
Sbjct: 96 SRNDLIGKIYLGWKSGGLELKHWKDMLSKPRQPVAQWHRL 135
>gnl|CDD|176049 cd08404, C2B_Synaptotagmin-4, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 4. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 4, a member of
class 4 synaptotagmins, is located in the brain. It
functions are unknown. It, like synaptotagmin-11, has an
Asp to Ser substitution in its C2A domain. Previously
all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium sensors in
the regulation of neurotransmitter release and hormone
secretion, but it has been shown that not all of them
bind calcium. Of the 17 identified synaptotagmins only
8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the
two C2 domains that bind calcium are: regulating the
fusion step of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and
binding to phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
(PIP3) in the absence of calcium ions and to
phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in their
presence (C2B). C2B also regulates also the recycling
step of synaptic vesicles. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 136
Score = 106 bits (266), Expect = 8e-30
Identities = 42/101 (41%), Positives = 65/101 (64%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDR 127
A+PYVKV L KRI KK+T VKK +LNP +NE+ +FD+P+ + D+S+ V+D DR
Sbjct: 35 LADPYVKVNLYYGKKRISKKKTHVKKCTLNPVFNESFVFDIPSEELEDISVEFLVLDSDR 94
Query: 128 IGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
+ +E++G +G G G HW E+ + PR+ + +W+ L
Sbjct: 95 VTKNEVIGRLVLGPKASGSGGHHWKEVCNPPRRQIAEWHML 135
>gnl|CDD|176051 cd08406, C2B_Synaptotagmin-12, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 12. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 12, a member of
class 6 synaptotagmins, is located in the brain. It
functions are unknown. It, like synaptotagmins 8 and 13,
do not have any consensus Ca2+ binding sites. Previously
all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium sensors in
the regulation of neurotransmitter release and hormone
secretion, but it has been shown that not all of them
bind calcium. Of the 17 identified synaptotagmins only
8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the
two C2 domains that bind calcium are: regulating the
fusion step of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and
binding to phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
(PIP3) in the absence of calcium ions and to
phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in their
presence (C2B). C2B also regulates also the recycling
step of synaptic vesicles. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 136
Score = 97.9 bits (244), Expect = 2e-26
Identities = 44/100 (44%), Positives = 67/100 (67%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
A+P+VKVYL+ +G++I KK+TSVK++ NP +NEA++F VPA + D+SL + V +
Sbjct: 36 ADPFVKVYLLQDGRKISKKKTSVKRDDTNPIFNEAMIFSVPAIVLQDLSLRVTVAESTED 95
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
G +G IG + G+G HW +ML + R+PV W+PL
Sbjct: 96 GKTPNVGHVIIGPAASGMGLSHWNQMLASLRKPVAMWHPL 135
>gnl|CDD|176030 cd08384, C2B_Rabphilin_Doc2, C2 domain second repeat present in
Rabphilin and Double C2 domain. Rabphilin is found
neurons and in neuroendrocrine cells, while Doc2 is
found not only in the brain but in tissues, including
mast cells, chromaffin cells, and osteoblasts.
Rabphilin and Doc2s share highly homologous tandem C2
domains, although their N-terminal structures are
completely different: rabphilin contains an N-terminal
Rab-binding domain (RBD),7 whereas Doc2 contains an
N-terminal Munc13-1-interacting domain (MID). C2 domains
fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2
structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 133
Score = 82.8 bits (205), Expect = 1e-20
Identities = 34/98 (34%), Positives = 55/98 (56%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGS 130
P+VK+YL + + K +T VKK +LNP +NE +D+ S++ +L I V D D S
Sbjct: 36 PFVKLYLKPDAGKKSKHKTQVKKKTLNPEFNEEFFYDIKHSDLAKKTLEITVWDKDIGKS 95
Query: 131 DELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
++ +G +G + G HWL+ L NP + + W+ L
Sbjct: 96 NDYIGGLQLGINAKGERLRHWLDCLKNPDKKIEAWHTL 133
>gnl|CDD|176055 cd08410, C2B_Synaptotagmin-17, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 17. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 17 is located in
the brain, kidney, and prostate and is thought to be a
peripheral membrane protein. Previously all
synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium sensors in the
regulation of neurotransmitter release and hormone
secretion, but it has been shown that not all of them
bind calcium. Of the 17 identified synaptotagmins only
8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the
two C2 domains that bind calcium are: regulating the
fusion step of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and
binding to phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
(PIP3) in the absence of calcium ions and to
phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in their
presence (C2B). C2B also regulates also the recycling
step of synaptic vesicles. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 135
Score = 81.5 bits (201), Expect = 5e-20
Identities = 36/101 (35%), Positives = 59/101 (58%), Gaps = 1/101 (0%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++P+VK+ LV K I+ K+TS + +++PFYNE+ F VP + +VSL+ V ++
Sbjct: 35 SDPFVKIQLVHGLKLIKTKKTSCMRGTIDPFYNESFSFKVPQEELENVSLVFTVYGHNVK 94
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGR-DHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
S++ +G IG G +HW ML++ R V QW+ L
Sbjct: 95 SSNDFIGRIVIGQYSSGPSETNHWRRMLNSQRTAVEQWHSL 135
>gnl|CDD|215765 pfam00168, C2, C2 domain.
Length = 85
Score = 75.0 bits (185), Expect = 3e-18
Identities = 29/68 (42%), Positives = 41/68 (60%), Gaps = 4/68 (5%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+PYVKV L G++ K+T V KN+LNP +NE F+V + + L I+V DYDR G
Sbjct: 21 DPYVKVSLG--GQKKDTKKTKVVKNTLNPVWNETFTFEVTLPELAE--LRIEVYDYDRFG 76
Query: 130 SDELMGCT 137
D+ +G
Sbjct: 77 KDDFIGEV 84
>gnl|CDD|175973 cd00030, C2, C2 domain. The C2 domain was first identified in PKC.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 102
Score = 75.6 bits (186), Expect = 3e-18
Identities = 31/99 (31%), Positives = 44/99 (44%), Gaps = 17/99 (17%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+PYVKV L +K +T V KN+LNP +NE F V + +L ++V D DR
Sbjct: 21 DPYVKVSL----GGKQKFKTKVVKNTLNPVWNETFEFPVL--DPESDTLTVEVWDKDRFS 74
Query: 130 SDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
D+ +G I L L + + W PL
Sbjct: 75 KDDFLGEVEIP-----------LSELLDSGKEGELWLPL 102
>gnl|CDD|176052 cd08407, C2B_Synaptotagmin-13, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 13. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 13, a member of
class 6 synaptotagmins, is located in the brain. It
functions are unknown. It, like synaptotagmins 8 and 12,
does not have any consensus Ca2+ binding sites.
Previously all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium
sensors in the regulation of neurotransmitter release
and hormone secretion, but it has been shown that not
all of them bind calcium. Of the 17 identified
synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10).
The function of the two C2 domains that bind calcium
are: regulating the fusion step of synaptic vesicle
exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 138
Score = 75.4 bits (185), Expect = 9e-18
Identities = 33/96 (34%), Positives = 58/96 (60%)
Query: 73 VKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDE 132
VKV L + +++KK+T K+ +NP +NE ++F++P+ + S+ ++V++ D G
Sbjct: 42 VKVTLKHQNAKLKKKQTKRAKHKINPVWNEMIMFELPSELLAASSVELEVLNQDSPGQSL 101
Query: 133 LMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
+G ++G G R HW EMLDNPR+ + W+ L
Sbjct: 102 PLGRCSLGLHTSGTERQHWEEMLDNPRRQIAMWHQL 137
>gnl|CDD|176054 cd08409, C2B_Synaptotagmin-15, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 15. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. It is thought to be involved in
the trafficking and exocytosis of secretory vesicles in
non-neuronal tissues and is Ca2+ independent. Human
synaptotagmin 15 has 2 alternatively spliced forms that
encode proteins with different C-termini. The larger,
SYT15a, contains a N-terminal TM region, a putative
fatty-acylation site, and 2 tandem C terminal C2
domains. The smaller, SYT15b, lacks the C-terminal
portion of the second C2 domain. Unlike most other
synaptotagmins it is nearly absent in the brain and
rather is found in the heart, lungs, skeletal muscle,
and testis. Previously all synaptotagmins were thought
to be calcium sensors in the regulation of
neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion, but it
has been shown that not all of them bind calcium. Of
the 17 identified synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium
(1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the two C2 domains
that bind calcium are: regulating the fusion step of
synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 137
Score = 70.8 bits (174), Expect = 4e-16
Identities = 28/102 (27%), Positives = 54/102 (52%), Gaps = 2/102 (1%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
+ YVKV L+ K ++ K+T V + +P +NE+ F V + ++ SL + V+ +
Sbjct: 35 TSVYVKVSLMIHNKVVKTKKTEVVDGAASPSFNESFSFKVTSRQLDTASLSLSVMQSGGV 94
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRD--HWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
+L+G +G G++ HW +ML P++ + +W+ L
Sbjct: 95 RKSKLLGRVVLGPFMYARGKELEHWNDMLSKPKELIKRWHAL 136
>gnl|CDD|214577 smart00239, C2, Protein kinase C conserved region 2 (CalB).
Ca2+-binding motif present in phospholipases, protein
kinases C, and synaptotagmins (among others). Some do
not appear to contain Ca2+-binding sites. Particular C2s
appear to bind phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates,
and intracellular proteins. Unusual occurrence in
perforin. Synaptotagmin and PLC C2s are permuted in
sequence with respect to N- and C-terminal beta strands.
SMART detects C2 domains using one or both of two
profiles.
Length = 101
Score = 69.8 bits (171), Expect = 5e-16
Identities = 31/71 (43%), Positives = 40/71 (56%), Gaps = 4/71 (5%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+PYVKV L +G KK+T V KN+LNP +NE F+VP L I+V D DR G
Sbjct: 22 DPYVKVSL--DGDPKEKKKTKVVKNTLNPVWNETFEFEVP--PPELAELEIEVYDKDRFG 77
Query: 130 SDELMGCTAIG 140
D+ +G I
Sbjct: 78 RDDFIGQVTIP 88
>gnl|CDD|176053 cd08408, C2B_Synaptotagmin-14_16, C2 domain second repeat present
in Synaptotagmins 14 and 16. Synaptotagmin 14 and 16
are membrane-trafficking proteins in specific tissues
outside the brain. Both of these contain C-terminal
tandem C2 repeats, but only Synaptotagmin 14 has an
N-terminal transmembrane domain and a putative
fatty-acylation site. Previously all synaptotagmins were
thought to be calcium sensors in the regulation of
neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion, but it
has been shown that not all of them bind calcium and
this is indeed the case here. Of the 17 identified
synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10).
The function of the two C2 domains that bind calcium
are: regulating the fusion step of synaptic vesicle
exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 138
Score = 68.9 bits (169), Expect = 2e-15
Identities = 28/105 (26%), Positives = 59/105 (56%), Gaps = 2/105 (1%)
Query: 66 DVPANPYVKVYLV-CEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVID 124
+ + YVK+ L+ +G+ I K +TS+++ +P + E +F V +++V+L+ V +
Sbjct: 33 NKAPDTYVKLTLLNSDGQEISKSKTSIRRGQPDPEFKETFVFQVALFQLSEVTLMFSVYN 92
Query: 125 YDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGR-DHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
++ E++G ++G + G +HW EM ++ Q V +W+ L
Sbjct: 93 KRKMKRKEMIGWFSLGLNSSGEEEEEHWNEMKESKGQQVCRWHTL 137
>gnl|CDD|175992 cd04026, C2_PKC_alpha_gamma, C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC)
alpha and gamma. A single C2 domain is found in PKC
alpha and gamma. The PKC family of serine/threonine
kinases regulates apoptosis, proliferation, migration,
motility, chemo-resistance, and differentiation. There
are 3 groups: group 1(alpha, betaI, beta II, gamma)
which require phospholipids and calcium, group 2 (delta,
epsilon, theta, eta) which do not require calcium for
activation, and group 3 (xi, iota/lambda) which are
atypical and can be activated in the absence of
diacylglycerol and calcium. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members here have a type-I
topology.
Length = 131
Score = 65.4 bits (160), Expect = 6e-14
Identities = 33/101 (32%), Positives = 54/101 (53%), Gaps = 14/101 (13%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PYVK+ L+ + K K++T K +LNP +NE FD+ ++ D L I+V D+DR
Sbjct: 34 SDPYVKLKLIPDPKNETKQKTKTIKKTLNPVWNETFTFDLKPAD-KDRRLSIEVWDWDRT 92
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLM 169
++ MG + G S E++ + PV WY L+
Sbjct: 93 TRNDFMGSLSFGVS----------ELI---KMPVDGWYKLL 120
>gnl|CDD|175995 cd04029, C2A_SLP-4_5, C2 domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin-like proteins 4 and 5. All Slp members
basically share an N-terminal Slp homology domain (SHD)
and C-terminal tandem C2 domains (named the C2A domain
and the C2B domain) with the SHD and C2 domains being
separated by a linker sequence of various length. SHD of
Slp (except for the Slp4-SHD) function as a specific
Rab27A/B-binding domain. In addition to Slp, rabphilin,
Noc2, and Munc13-4 also function as Rab27-binding
proteins. It has been demonstrated that Slp4/granuphilin
promotes dense-core vesicle exocytosis. The C2A domain
of Slp4 is Ca2+ dependent. Slp5 mRNA has been shown to
be restricted to human placenta and liver suggesting a
role in Rab27A-dependent membrane trafficking in
specific tissues. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 125
Score = 59.8 bits (145), Expect = 5e-12
Identities = 27/66 (40%), Positives = 41/66 (62%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
NPYVK YL+ + R K++TS+K+N+ NP YNE L + + S + +L + V YDR G
Sbjct: 38 NPYVKTYLLPDKSRQSKRKTSIKRNTTNPVYNETLKYSISHSQLETRTLQLSVWHYDRFG 97
Query: 130 SDELMG 135
+ +G
Sbjct: 98 RNTFLG 103
Score = 47.8 bits (114), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 18/40 (45%), Positives = 28/40 (70%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
+PYVK YL+ + R K++TS+K+N+ NP YNE L + +
Sbjct: 38 NPYVKTYLLPDKSRQSKRKTSIKRNTTNPVYNETLKYSIS 77
>gnl|CDD|176056 cd08521, C2A_SLP, C2 domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin-like proteins. All Slp members basically
share an N-terminal Slp homology domain (SHD) and
C-terminal tandem C2 domains (named the C2A domain and
the C2B domain) with the SHD and C2 domains being
separated by a linker sequence of various length.
Slp1/JFC1 and Slp2/exophilin 4 promote granule docking
to the plasma membrane. Additionally, their C2A domains
are both Ca2+ independent, unlike the case in Slp3 and
Slp4/granuphilin in which their C2A domains are Ca2+
dependent. It is thought that SHD (except for the
Slp4-SHD) functions as a specific Rab27A/B-binding
domain. In addition to Slps, rabphilin, Noc2, and
Munc13-4 also function as Rab27-binding proteins. It has
been demonstrated that Slp3 and Slp4/granuphilin promote
dense-core vesicle exocytosis. Slp5 mRNA has been shown
to be restricted to human placenta and liver suggesting
a role in Rab27A-dependent membrane trafficking in
specific tissues. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first
C2 repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 123
Score = 58.8 bits (143), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 37/102 (36%), Positives = 57/102 (55%), Gaps = 18/102 (17%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
NPYVKVYL+ + + K++TSVKKN+ NP +NE L + + S + +L + V +DR G
Sbjct: 37 NPYVKVYLLPDKSKQSKRKTSVKKNTTNPVFNETLKYHISKSQLETRTLQLSVWHHDRFG 96
Query: 130 SDELMGCTAIGSSFIG---IGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
+ +F+G I D W LD+ + ++WYPL
Sbjct: 97 RN----------TFLGEVEIPLDSWD--LDSQQ---SEWYPL 123
Score = 51.5 bits (124), Expect = 7e-09
Identities = 19/40 (47%), Positives = 29/40 (72%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
+PYVKVYL+ + + K++TSVKKN+ NP +NE L + +
Sbjct: 37 NPYVKVYLLPDKSKQSKRKTSVKKNTTNPVFNETLKYHIS 76
>gnl|CDD|176039 cd08393, C2A_SLP-1_2, C2 domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin-like proteins 1 and 2. All Slp members
basically share an N-terminal Slp homology domain (SHD)
and C-terminal tandem C2 domains (named the C2A domain
and the C2B domain) with the SHD and C2 domains being
separated by a linker sequence of various length.
Slp1/JFC1 and Slp2/exophilin 4 promote granule docking
to the plasma membrane. Additionally, their C2A domains
are both Ca2+ independent, unlike Slp3 and
Slp4/granuphilin which are Ca2+ dependent. It is
thought that SHD (except for the Slp4-SHD) functions as
a specific Rab27A/B-binding domain. In addition to
Slps, rabphilin, Noc2, and Munc13-4 also function as
Rab27-binding proteins. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 125
Score = 59.0 bits (143), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 24/66 (36%), Positives = 37/66 (56%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+PYVK YL+ + K++TSVKK +LNP +NE L + V + L + V D +G
Sbjct: 38 DPYVKTYLLPDKSNRGKRKTSVKKKTLNPVFNETLRYKVEREELPTRVLNLSVWHRDSLG 97
Query: 130 SDELMG 135
+ +G
Sbjct: 98 RNSFLG 103
Score = 54.4 bits (131), Expect = 7e-10
Identities = 20/40 (50%), Positives = 27/40 (67%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
DPYVK YL+ + K++TSVKK +LNP +NE L + V
Sbjct: 38 DPYVKTYLLPDKSNRGKRKTSVKKKTLNPVFNETLRYKVE 77
>gnl|CDD|175978 cd04011, C2B_Ferlin, C2 domain second repeat in Ferlin. Ferlins
are involved in vesicle fusion events. Ferlins and
other proteins, such as Synaptotagmins, are implicated
in facilitating the fusion process when cell membranes
fuse together. There are six known human Ferlins:
Dysferlin (Fer1L1), Otoferlin (Fer1L2), Myoferlin
(Fer1L3), Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6. Defects in these
genes can lead to a wide range of diseases including
muscular dystrophy (dysferlin), deafness (otoferlin),
and infertility (fer-1, fertilization factor-1).
Structurally they have 6 tandem C2 domains, designated
as (C2A-C2F) and a single C-terminal transmembrane
domain, though there is a new study that disputes this
and claims that there are actually 7 tandem C2 domains
with another C2 domain inserted between C2D and C2E.
In a subset of them (Dysferlin, Myoferlin, and Fer1)
there is an additional conserved domain called DysF. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 111
Score = 56.4 bits (137), Expect = 7e-11
Identities = 26/68 (38%), Positives = 34/68 (50%), Gaps = 7/68 (10%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV--PASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDR 127
+P VKV V +KK TSVKK + PFYNE F+ + D + I V D
Sbjct: 22 DPVVKVE-VGG----QKKYTSVKKGTNCPFYNEYFFFNFHESPDELFDKIIKISVYDSRS 76
Query: 128 IGSDELMG 135
+ SD L+G
Sbjct: 77 LRSDTLIG 84
>gnl|CDD|175976 cd04009, C2B_Munc13-like, C2 domain second repeat in Munc13
(mammalian uncoordinated)-like proteins. C2-like
domains are thought to be involved in phospholipid
binding in a Ca2+ independent manner in both Unc13 and
Munc13. Caenorabditis elegans Unc13 has a central domain
with sequence similarity to PKC, which includes C1 and
C2-related domains. Unc13 binds phorbol esters and DAG
with high affinity in a phospholipid manner. Mutations
in Unc13 results in abnormal neuronal connections and
impairment in cholinergic neurotransmission in the
nematode. Munc13 is the mammalian homolog which are
expressed in the brain. There are 3 isoforms (Munc13-1,
-2, -3) and are thought to play a role in
neurotransmitter release and are hypothesized to be
high-affinity receptors for phorbol esters. Unc13 and
Munc13 contain both C1 and C2 domains. There are two C2
related domains present, one central and one at the
carboxyl end. Munc13-1 contains a third C2-like domain.
Munc13 interacts with syntaxin, synaptobrevin, and
synaptotagmin suggesting a role for these as scaffolding
proteins. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the third C2
repeat, C2C, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 133
Score = 56.5 bits (137), Expect = 1e-10
Identities = 28/98 (28%), Positives = 45/98 (45%), Gaps = 7/98 (7%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGK--RIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAS--NVNDVSLIIKVIDYD 126
P+VKV L+ + +T VKK +L P ++E+ F+VP +V L+ V DYD
Sbjct: 39 PFVKVELLPRHLFPDVPTPKTQVKKKTLFPLFDESFEFNVPPEQCSVEGALLLFTVKDYD 98
Query: 127 RIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQ 164
+GS++ G + + I D P+ Q
Sbjct: 99 LLGSNDFEGEAFLPLNDIPGVEDTSSA---QGFGPLPQ 133
>gnl|CDD|175997 cd04031, C2A_RIM1alpha, C2 domain first repeat contained in
Rab3-interacting molecule (RIM) proteins. RIMs are
believed to organize specialized sites of the plasma
membrane called active zones. They also play a role in
controlling neurotransmitter release, plasticity
processes, as well as memory and learning. RIM contains
an N-terminal zinc finger domain, a PDZ domain, and two
C-terminal C2 domains (C2A, C2B). C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members here have a type-I
topology and do not bind Ca2+.
Length = 125
Score = 54.2 bits (131), Expect = 7e-10
Identities = 33/104 (31%), Positives = 51/104 (49%), Gaps = 18/104 (17%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLF-DVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYD 126
NPYVKVYL+ + K+RT K +LNP +N+ + +V + + +L + V DYD
Sbjct: 36 LRNPYVKVYLLPDRSEKSKRRTKTVKKTLNPEWNQTFEYSNVRRETLKERTLEVTVWDYD 95
Query: 127 RIGSDELMGCTAI--GSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
R G ++ +G I + LD+ +P WYPL
Sbjct: 96 RDGENDFLGEVVIDLADAL-----------LDD--EP--HWYPL 124
>gnl|CDD|176032 cd08386, C2A_Synaptotagmin-7, C2A domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 7. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 7, a member of
class 2 synaptotagmins, is located in presynaptic plasma
membranes in neurons, dense-core vesicles in endocrine
cells, and lysosomes in fibroblasts. It has been shown
to play a role in regulation of Ca2+-dependent lysosomal
exocytosis in fibroblasts and may also function as a
vesicular Ca2+-sensor. It is distinguished from the
other synaptotagmins by having over 12 splice forms.
Previously all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium
sensors in the regulation of neurotransmitter release
and hormone secretion, but it has been shown that not
all of them bind calcium. Of the 17 identified
synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10).
The function of the two C2 domains that bind calcium
are: regulating the fusion step of synaptic vesicle
exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 125
Score = 53.9 bits (130), Expect = 8e-10
Identities = 25/67 (37%), Positives = 41/67 (61%), Gaps = 3/67 (4%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD-VPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
+P+VK+YL+ + K K T VK+ +LNP +NE LF+ P + L ++V+DYDR
Sbjct: 38 DPFVKIYLLPDKKH--KLETKVKRKNLNPHWNETFLFEGFPYEKLQQRVLYLQVLDYDRF 95
Query: 129 GSDELMG 135
++ +G
Sbjct: 96 SRNDPIG 102
Score = 42.7 bits (101), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 21/47 (44%), Positives = 30/47 (63%), Gaps = 4/47 (8%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVKV 75
DP+VK+YL+ + K K T VK+ +LNP +NE LF+ PY K+
Sbjct: 38 DPFVKIYLLPDKKH--KLETKVKRKNLNPHWNETFLFE--GFPYEKL 80
>gnl|CDD|175996 cd04030, C2C_KIAA1228, C2 domain third repeat present in
uncharacterized human KIAA1228-like proteins. KIAA
proteins are uncharacterized human proteins. They were
compiled by the Kazusa mammalian cDNA project which
identified more than 2000 human genes. They are
identified by 4 digit codes that precede the KIAA
designation. Many KIAA genes are still functionally
uncharacterized including KIAA1228. C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the third C2
repeat, C2C, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 127
Score = 53.4 bits (129), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 34/54 (62%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKV 122
+PYV++YL+ + + +++TSVKK++LNP ++E F V + +L + V
Sbjct: 37 PDPYVRLYLLPDKSKSTRRKTSVKKDNLNPVFDETFEFPVSLEELKRRTLDVAV 90
Score = 53.4 bits (129), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 17/41 (41%), Positives = 29/41 (70%)
Query: 28 ADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
DPYV++YL+ + + +++TSVKK++LNP ++E F V
Sbjct: 37 PDPYVRLYLLPDKSKSTRRKTSVKKDNLNPVFDETFEFPVS 77
>gnl|CDD|176000 cd04035, C2A_Rabphilin_Doc2, C2 domain first repeat present in
Rabphilin and Double C2 domain. Rabphilin is found
neurons and in neuroendrocrine cells, while Doc2 is
found not only in the brain but in tissues, including
mast cells, chromaffin cells, and osteoblasts.
Rabphilin and Doc2s share highly homologous tandem C2
domains, although their N-terminal structures are
completely different: rabphilin contains an N-terminal
Rab-binding domain (RBD),7 whereas Doc2 contains an
N-terminal Munc13-1-interacting domain (MID). C2 domains
fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2
structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 123
Score = 52.7 bits (127), Expect = 3e-09
Identities = 23/81 (28%), Positives = 39/81 (48%), Gaps = 12/81 (14%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLF-DVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDR 127
++PYVK+ L+ + K RT + NP +NE L + + ++ +L + V+D DR
Sbjct: 36 SDPYVKLNLLPGASKATKLRTKTVHKTRNPEFNETLTYYGITEEDIQRKTLRLLVLDEDR 95
Query: 128 IGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGR 148
G+D F+G R
Sbjct: 96 FGND-----------FLGETR 105
Score = 46.1 bits (110), Expect = 7e-07
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 21/38 (55%)
Query: 28 ADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLF 65
+DPYVK+ L+ + K RT + NP +NE L +
Sbjct: 36 SDPYVKLNLLPGASKATKLRTKTVHKTRNPEFNETLTY 73
>gnl|CDD|176005 cd04040, C2D_Tricalbin-like, C2 domain fourth repeat present in
Tricalbin-like proteins. 5 to 6 copies of the C2 domain
are present in Tricalbin, a yeast homolog of
Synaptotagmin, which is involved in membrane trafficking
and sorting. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the fifth C2
repeat, C2E, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 115
Score = 52.2 bits (126), Expect = 3e-09
Identities = 28/65 (43%), Positives = 40/65 (61%), Gaps = 6/65 (9%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGS 130
P+VK YL G+++ K T K +LNP +NE+ VP S V V L ++V D+DR G
Sbjct: 22 PFVKFYL--NGEKVFK--TKTIKKTLNPVWNESFEVPVP-SRVRAV-LKVEVYDWDRGGK 75
Query: 131 DELMG 135
D+L+G
Sbjct: 76 DDLLG 80
>gnl|CDD|176036 cd08390, C2A_Synaptotagmin-15-17, C2A domain first repeat present
in Synaptotagmins 15 and 17. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. It is thought to be involved in
the trafficking and exocytosis of secretory vesicles in
non-neuronal tissues and is Ca2+ independent. Human
synaptotagmin 15 has 2 alternatively spliced forms that
encode proteins with different C-termini. The larger,
SYT15a, contains a N-terminal TM region, a putative
fatty-acylation site, and 2 tandem C terminal C2
domains. The smaller, SYT15b, lacks the C-terminal
portion of the second C2 domain. Unlike most other
synaptotagmins it is nearly absent in the brain and
rather is found in the heart, lungs, skeletal muscle,
and testis. Synaptotagmin 17 is located in the brain,
kidney, and prostate and is thought to be a peripheral
membrane protein. Previously all synaptotagmins were
thought to be calcium sensors in the regulation of
neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion, but it
has been shown that not all of them bind calcium. Of
the 17 identified synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium
(1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the two C2 domains
that bind calcium are: regulating the fusion step of
synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 123
Score = 52.3 bits (126), Expect = 3e-09
Identities = 19/68 (27%), Positives = 36/68 (52%), Gaps = 2/68 (2%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDR 127
+P+VKV L+ + +R + + VK+ + NP ++E +F V + +L + V D DR
Sbjct: 35 HCDPFVKVCLLPDERRSLQ--SKVKRKTQNPNFDETFVFQVSFKELQRRTLRLSVYDVDR 92
Query: 128 IGSDELMG 135
++G
Sbjct: 93 FSRHCIIG 100
Score = 40.7 bits (96), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 14/42 (33%), Positives = 25/42 (59%), Gaps = 2/42 (4%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN 70
DP+VKV L+ + +R + + VK+ + NP ++E +F V
Sbjct: 37 DPFVKVCLLPDERRSLQ--SKVKRKTQNPNFDETFVFQVSFK 76
>gnl|CDD|175987 cd04020, C2B_SLP_1-2-3-4, C2 domain second repeat present in
Synaptotagmin-like proteins 1-4. All Slp members
basically share an N-terminal Slp homology domain (SHD)
and C-terminal tandem C2 domains (named the C2A domain
and the C2B domain) with the SHD and C2 domains being
separated by a linker sequence of various length.
Slp1/JFC1 and Slp2/exophilin 4 promote granule docking
to the plasma membrane. Additionally, their C2A domains
are both Ca2+ independent, unlike the case in Slp3 and
Slp4/granuphilin in which their C2A domains are Ca2+
dependent. It is thought that SHD (except for the
Slp4-SHD) functions as a specific Rab27A/B-binding
domain. In addition to Slps, rabphilin, Noc2, and
Munc13-4 also function as Rab27-binding proteins. It has
been demonstrated that Slp3 and Slp4/granuphilin promote
dense-core vesicle exocytosis. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second
C2 repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 162
Score = 53.1 bits (128), Expect = 4e-09
Identities = 28/103 (27%), Positives = 53/103 (51%), Gaps = 14/103 (13%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD-VPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
+ +VK YL+ + + K++T V K S+NP +N ++D V +++ L + V D+D++
Sbjct: 49 DSFVKCYLLPDKSKKSKQKTPVVKKSVNPVWNHTFVYDGVSPEDLSQACLELTVWDHDKL 108
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGS-SFIGIGR------------DHWLEMLDNP 158
S++ +G +G + G+ W +MLDNP
Sbjct: 109 SSNDFLGGVRLGLGTGKSYGQAVDWMDSTGEEILLWQKMLDNP 151
>gnl|CDD|175994 cd04028, C2B_RIM1alpha, C2 domain second repeat contained in
Rab3-interacting molecule (RIM) proteins. RIMs are
believed to organize specialized sites of the plasma
membrane called active zones. They also play a role in
controlling neurotransmitter release, plasticity
processes, as well as memory and learning. RIM contains
an N-terminal zinc finger domain, a PDZ domain, and two
C-terminal C2 domains (C2A, C2B). C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members here have a type-I
topology and do not bind Ca2+.
Length = 146
Score = 52.4 bits (126), Expect = 5e-09
Identities = 36/105 (34%), Positives = 47/105 (44%), Gaps = 14/105 (13%)
Query: 67 VPANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYD 126
V PYVKVYL+ K I KK+T + + +L+P Y + L+FDV S +I DY
Sbjct: 49 VLPAPYVKVYLLEGKKCIAKKKTKIARKTLDPLYQQQLVFDV--SPTGKTLQVIVWGDYG 106
Query: 127 RIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMET 171
R+ MG I L+ LD V WY L T
Sbjct: 107 RMDKKVFMGVAQI-----------LLDDLD-LSNLVIGWYKLFPT 139
Score = 44.7 bits (106), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 19/38 (50%), Positives = 27/38 (71%)
Query: 30 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
PYVKVYL+ K I KK+T + + +L+P Y + L+FDV
Sbjct: 53 PYVKVYLLEGKKCIAKKKTKIARKTLDPLYQQQLVFDV 90
>gnl|CDD|176031 cd08385, C2A_Synaptotagmin-1-5-6-9-10, C2A domain first repeat
present in Synaptotagmins 1, 5, 6, 9, and 10.
Synaptotagmin is a membrane-trafficking protein
characterized by a N-terminal transmembrane region, a
linker, and 2 C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmin 1, a
member of class 1 synaptotagmins, is located in the
brain and endocranium and localized to the synaptic
vesicles and secretory granules. It functions as a Ca2+
sensor for fast exocytosis as do synaptotagmins 5, 6,
and 10. It is distinguished from the other
synaptotagmins by having an N-glycosylated N-terminus.
Synaptotagmins 5, 6, and 10, members of class 3
synaptotagmins, are located primarily in the brain and
localized to the active zone and plasma membrane. They
is distinguished from the other synaptotagmins by having
disulfide bonds at its N-terminus. Synaptotagmin 6 also
regulates the acrosome reaction, a unique Ca2+-regulated
exocytosis, in sperm. Synaptotagmin 9, a class 5
synaptotagmins, is located in the brain and localized to
the synaptic vesicles. It is thought to be a
Ca2+-sensor for dense-core vesicle exocytosis.
Previously all synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium
sensors in the regulation of neurotransmitter release
and hormone secretion, but it has been shown that not
all of them bind calcium. Of the 17 identified
synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10).
The function of the two C2 domains that bind calcium
are: regulating the fusion step of synaptic vesicle
exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 124
Score = 50.7 bits (122), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 27/65 (41%), Positives = 40/65 (61%), Gaps = 2/65 (3%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGS 130
PYVKVYL+ + K+ K T V + +LNP +NE F VP S + + +L+ V D+DR
Sbjct: 39 PYVKVYLLPDKKK--KFETKVHRKTLNPVFNETFTFKVPYSELGNKTLVFSVYDFDRFSK 96
Query: 131 DELMG 135
+L+G
Sbjct: 97 HDLIG 101
Score = 44.2 bits (105), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 20/42 (47%), Positives = 27/42 (64%), Gaps = 2/42 (4%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN 70
DPYVKVYL+ + K+ K T V + +LNP +NE F VP +
Sbjct: 38 DPYVKVYLLPDKKK--KFETKVHRKTLNPVFNETFTFKVPYS 77
>gnl|CDD|175974 cd00275, C2_PLC_like, C2 domain present in
Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipases C (PLC). PLCs
are involved in the hydrolysis of
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to
d-myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (1,4,5-IP3) and
sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG). 1,4,5-IP3 and DAG are
second messengers in eukaryotic signal transduction
cascades. PLC is composed of a N-terminal PH domain
followed by a series of EF hands, a catalytic TIM barrel
and a C-terminal C2 domain. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members here have a type-II
topology.
Length = 128
Score = 49.8 bits (120), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 21/65 (32%), Positives = 30/65 (46%), Gaps = 6/65 (9%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEG-KRIRKKRTS-VKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLI-IKVIDYD 126
+PYV+V + K +T VK N NP +NE FDV V +++ + V D D
Sbjct: 26 DPYVEVEIHGLPADDSAKFKTKVVKNNGFNPVWNETFEFDV---TVPELAFLRFVVYDED 82
Query: 127 RIGSD 131
D
Sbjct: 83 SGDDD 87
Score = 43.7 bits (104), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 20/59 (33%), Positives = 25/59 (42%), Gaps = 5/59 (8%)
Query: 11 ADNYCRPTIGNRSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEG-KRIRKKRTS-VKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
+P SI DPYV+V + K +T VK N NP +NE FDV
Sbjct: 11 GQQLPKPKGDKGSIV---DPYVEVEIHGLPADDSAKFKTKVVKNNGFNPVWNETFEFDV 66
>gnl|CDD|176027 cd08381, C2B_PI3K_class_II, C2 domain second repeat present in
class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks). There
are 3 classes of PI3Ks based on structure, regulation,
and specificity. All classes contain a N-terminal C2
domain, a PIK domain, and a kinase catalytic domain.
Unlike class I and class III, class II PI3Ks have
additionally a PX domain and a C-terminal C2 domain
containing a nuclear localization signal both of which
bind phospholipids though in a slightly different
fashion. PI3Ks (AKA phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)
3-kinases) regulate cell processes such as cell growth,
differentiation, proliferation, and motility. PI3Ks work
on phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol,
phosphatidylinositide (4)P (PtdIns (4)P),2 or
PtdIns(4,5)P2. Specifically they phosphorylate the D3
hydroxyl group of phosphoinositol lipids on the inositol
ring. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich
that can adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and
Type II, distinguished by a circular permutation
involving their N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2
domains are Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules
that bind a wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a single
C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which
only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium
binding region have negatively charged residues,
primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium
ions. This cd contains the second C2 repeat, C2B, and
has a type-I topology.
Length = 122
Score = 48.8 bits (117), Expect = 6e-08
Identities = 27/101 (26%), Positives = 50/101 (49%), Gaps = 15/101 (14%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD-VPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
+PYVK YL+ + ++ K++T V + + NP +NE L++D +P ++ L + V +D +
Sbjct: 34 DPYVKTYLLPDPQKTTKRKTKVVRKTRNPTFNEMLVYDGLPVEDLQQRVLQVSVWSHDSL 93
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLD-NPRQPVTQWYPL 168
+E +G I + + Q +WYPL
Sbjct: 94 VENEFLGGVCI-------------PLKKLDLSQETEKWYPL 121
Score = 40.4 bits (95), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 17/41 (41%), Positives = 28/41 (68%)
Query: 26 SVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD 66
S DPYVK YL+ + ++ K++T V + + NP +NE L++D
Sbjct: 31 SDPDPYVKTYLLPDPQKTTKRKTKVVRKTRNPTFNEMLVYD 71
>gnl|CDD|176019 cd08373, C2A_Ferlin, C2 domain first repeat in Ferlin. Ferlins are
involved in vesicle fusion events. Ferlins and other
proteins, such as Synaptotagmins, are implicated in
facilitating the fusion process when cell membranes fuse
together. There are six known human Ferlins: Dysferlin
(Fer1L1), Otoferlin (Fer1L2), Myoferlin (Fer1L3),
Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6. Defects in these genes can
lead to a wide range of diseases including muscular
dystrophy (dysferlin), deafness (otoferlin), and
infertility (fer-1, fertilization factor-1).
Structurally they have 6 tandem C2 domains, designated
as (C2A-C2F) and a single C-terminal transmembrane
domain, though there is a new study that disputes this
and claims that there are actually 7 tandem C2 domains
with another C2 domain inserted between C2D and C2E.
In a subset of them (Dysferlin, Myoferlin, and Fer1)
there is an additional conserved domain called DysF. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 127
Score = 48.0 bits (115), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 21/51 (41%), Positives = 31/51 (60%)
Query: 86 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGC 136
KK+T V +N LNP +NE + + S D SL I V DY+++G + L+G
Sbjct: 27 KKKTRVLENELNPVWNETFEWPLAGSPDPDESLEIVVKDYEKVGRNRLIGS 77
>gnl|CDD|176007 cd04042, C2A_MCTP_PRT, C2 domain first repeat found in Multiple C2
domain and Transmembrane region Proteins (MCTP). MCTPs
are involved in Ca2+ signaling at the membrane. MCTP is
composed of a variable N-terminal sequence, three C2
domains, two transmembrane regions (TMRs), and a short
C-terminal sequence. It is one of four protein classes
that are anchored to membranes via a transmembrane
region; the others being synaptotagmins, extended
synaptotagmins, and ferlins. MCTPs are the only
membrane-bound C2 domain proteins that contain two
functional TMRs. MCTPs are unique in that they bind Ca2+
but not phospholipids. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 121
Score = 46.1 bits (110), Expect = 6e-07
Identities = 29/68 (42%), Positives = 40/68 (58%), Gaps = 11/68 (16%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVS--LIIKVIDYDR 127
+PYVK GK + K +T + KN LNP ++E F +P + DV+ L IKV DYDR
Sbjct: 22 DPYVKFKY--GGKTVYKSKT-IYKN-LNPVWDEK--FTLP---IEDVTQPLYIKVFDYDR 72
Query: 128 IGSDELMG 135
+D+ MG
Sbjct: 73 GLTDDFMG 80
>gnl|CDD|176012 cd04047, C2B_Copine, C2 domain second repeat in Copine. There are
2 copies of the C2 domain present in copine, a protein
involved in membrane trafficking, protein-protein
interactions, and perhaps even cell division and growth.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that
can adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 110
Score = 45.6 bits (109), Expect = 8e-07
Identities = 28/107 (26%), Positives = 44/107 (41%), Gaps = 25/107 (23%)
Query: 34 VYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRK-KRTSVK 92
V L GK++ KK K ++P++++ E RT V
Sbjct: 3 VELQFSGKKLDKKDFFGK-----------------SDPFLEISRQSEDGTWVLVYRTEVI 45
Query: 93 KNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVN----DVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMG 135
KN+LNP + F +P + D + I+V DYD G +L+G
Sbjct: 46 KNTLNPVWKP---FTIPLQKLCNGDYDRPIKIEVYDYDSSGKHDLIG 89
>gnl|CDD|176033 cd08387, C2A_Synaptotagmin-8, C2A domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin 8. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Previously all synaptotagmins
were thought to be calcium sensors in the regulation of
neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion, but it
has been shown that not all of them bind calcium. Of
the 17 identified synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium
(1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the two C2 domains
that bind calcium are: regulating the fusion step of
synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 124
Score = 45.9 bits (109), Expect = 8e-07
Identities = 21/67 (31%), Positives = 40/67 (59%), Gaps = 2/67 (2%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
A+PY KV L+ + K++ + K +LNP ++E+ +F+VP + +L + + D+D+
Sbjct: 37 ADPYCKVRLLPDRSNT--KQSKIHKKTLNPEFDESFVFEVPPQELPKRTLEVLLYDFDQF 94
Query: 129 GSDELMG 135
DE +G
Sbjct: 95 SRDECIG 101
Score = 37.4 bits (87), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 17/49 (34%), Positives = 28/49 (57%), Gaps = 2/49 (4%)
Query: 22 RSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN 70
R ADPY KV L+ + K++ + K +LNP ++E+ +F+VP
Sbjct: 31 RDFSGTADPYCKVRLLPDRSNT--KQSKIHKKTLNPEFDESFVFEVPPQ 77
>gnl|CDD|176003 cd04038, C2_ArfGAP, C2 domain present in Arf GTPase Activating
Proteins (GAP). ArfGAP is a GTPase activating protein
which regulates the ADP ribosylation factor Arf, a
member of the Ras superfamily of GTP-binding proteins.
The GTP-bound form of Arf is involved in Golgi
morphology and is involved in recruiting coat proteins.
ArfGAP is responsible for the GDP-bound form of Arf
which is necessary for uncoating the membrane and
allowing the Golgi to fuse with an acceptor compartment.
These proteins contain an N-terminal ArfGAP domain
containing the characteristic zinc finger motif
(Cys-x2-Cys-x(16,17)-x2-Cys) and C-terminal C2 domain.
C2 domains were first identified in Protein Kinase C
(PKC). C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich
that can adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and
Type II, distinguished by a circular permutation
involving their N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2
domains are Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules
that bind a wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a single
C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which
only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium
binding region have negatively charged residues,
primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium
ions.
Length = 145
Score = 44.6 bits (106), Expect = 3e-06
Identities = 24/65 (36%), Positives = 32/65 (49%), Gaps = 8/65 (12%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGS 130
PYV + L + K +T V K +LNP +NE L VP N L ++V D D
Sbjct: 24 PYVVLTLGNQ-----KVKTRVIKKNLNPVWNEELTLSVP--NPMAP-LKLEVFDKDTFSK 75
Query: 131 DELMG 135
D+ MG
Sbjct: 76 DDSMG 80
Score = 37.3 bits (87), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 19/43 (44%), Positives = 24/43 (55%), Gaps = 6/43 (13%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANP 71
DPYV + L + K +T V K +LNP +NE L VP NP
Sbjct: 23 DPYVVLTLGNQ-----KVKTRVIKKNLNPVWNEELTLSVP-NP 59
>gnl|CDD|176070 cd08688, C2_KIAA0528-like, C2 domain found in the Human KIAA0528
cDNA clone. The members of this CD are named after the
Human KIAA0528 cDNA clone. All members here contain a
single C2 repeat. No other information on this protein
is currently known. The C2 domain was first identified
in PKC. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich
that can adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and
Type II, distinguished by a circular permutation
involving their N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2
domains are Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules
that bind a wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a single
C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which
only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium
binding region have negatively charged residues,
primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium
ions.
Length = 110
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 4e-06
Identities = 24/85 (28%), Positives = 44/85 (51%), Gaps = 10/85 (11%)
Query: 88 RTSVKKNSLNP-FYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGI 146
+T V K SLNP + +E F+V + D L I+V+D+D +++ AIG +I +
Sbjct: 35 KTDVVKKSLNPVWNSEWFRFEVDDEELQDEPLQIRVMDHDTYSAND-----AIGKVYIDL 89
Query: 147 GRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMET 171
+L + ++ W+P+ +T
Sbjct: 90 N----PLLLKDSVSQISGWFPIYDT 110
>gnl|CDD|176038 cd08392, C2A_SLP-3, C2 domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin-like protein 3. All Slp members basically
share an N-terminal Slp homology domain (SHD) and
C-terminal tandem C2 domains (named the C2A domain and
the C2B domain) with the SHD and C2 domains being
separated by a linker sequence of various length. SHD of
Slp (except for the Slp4-SHD) function as a specific
Rab27A/B-binding domain. In addition to Slp, rabphilin,
Noc2, and Munc13-4 also function as Rab27-binding
proteins. Little is known about the expression or
localization of Slp3. The C2A domain of Slp3 is Ca2+
dependent. It has been demonstrated that Slp3 promotes
dense-core vesicle exocytosis. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 128
Score = 43.3 bits (102), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 18/42 (42%), Positives = 28/42 (66%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAS 111
+PYVKV L+ + K++T+VKK ++NP +NE L + V A
Sbjct: 38 HPYVKVCLLPDKSHNSKRKTAVKKGTVNPVFNETLKYVVEAD 79
Score = 40.6 bits (95), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 18/40 (45%), Positives = 27/40 (67%)
Query: 30 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPA 69
PYVKV L+ + K++T+VKK ++NP +NE L + V A
Sbjct: 39 PYVKVCLLPDKSHNSKRKTAVKKGTVNPVFNETLKYVVEA 78
>gnl|CDD|176004 cd04039, C2_PSD, C2 domain present in Phosphatidylserine
decarboxylase (PSD). PSD is involved in the
biosynthesis of aminophospholipid by converting
phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) to phosphatidylethanolamine
(PtdEtn). There is a single C2 domain present and it is
thought to confer PtdSer binding motif that is common to
PKC and synaptotagmin. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 108
Score = 42.6 bits (101), Expect = 9e-06
Identities = 18/48 (37%), Positives = 29/48 (60%), Gaps = 3/48 (6%)
Query: 81 GKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
G+R+ RTS ++++LNP +NE L F+V N + KV+D D+
Sbjct: 35 GRRVF--RTSWRRHTLNPVFNERLAFEVYPHEKN-FDIQFKVLDKDKF 79
Score = 39.2 bits (92), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 16/39 (41%), Positives = 26/39 (66%), Gaps = 5/39 (12%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
DP+V + G+R+ RTS ++++LNP +NE L F+V
Sbjct: 27 DPFVIISF---GRRVF--RTSWRRHTLNPVFNERLAFEV 60
>gnl|CDD|175984 cd04017, C2D_Ferlin, C2 domain fourth repeat in Ferlin. Ferlins
are involved in vesicle fusion events. Ferlins and
other proteins, such as Synaptotagmins, are implicated
in facilitating the fusion process when cell membranes
fuse together. There are six known human Ferlins:
Dysferlin (Fer1L1), Otoferlin (Fer1L2), Myoferlin
(Fer1L3), Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6. Defects in these
genes can lead to a wide range of diseases including
muscular dystrophy (dysferlin), deafness (otoferlin),
and infertility (fer-1, fertilization factor-1).
Structurally they have 6 tandem C2 domains, designated
as (C2A-C2F) and a single C-terminal transmembrane
domain, though there is a new study that disputes this
and claims that there are actually 7 tandem C2 domains
with another C2 domain inserted between C2D and C2E.
In a subset of them (Dysferlin, Myoferlin, and Fer1)
there is an additional conserved domain called DysF. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the fourth C2
repeat, C2D, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 135
Score = 42.9 bits (102), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 23/108 (21%), Positives = 47/108 (43%), Gaps = 24/108 (22%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD---VPAS----NVNDVSLIIKVI 123
P+ +V + + + T V K +L+P +++ L+FD + S N +++++
Sbjct: 24 PFARVSFLNQSQE-----TEVIKETLSPTWDQTLIFDEVELYGSPEEIAQNPPLVVVELF 78
Query: 124 DYDRIGSDELMG-CTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVT-QWYPLM 169
D D +G DE +G A +++ P QW+P+
Sbjct: 79 DQDSVGKDEFLGRSVAKPL----------VKLDLEEDFPPKLQWFPIY 116
>gnl|CDD|176034 cd08388, C2A_Synaptotagmin-4-11, C2A domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmins 4 and 11. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Synaptotagmins 4 and 11, class 4
synaptotagmins, are located in the brain. Their
functions are unknown. They are distinguished from the
other synaptotagmins by having and Asp to Ser
substitution in their C2A domains. Previously all
synaptotagmins were thought to be calcium sensors in the
regulation of neurotransmitter release and hormone
secretion, but it has been shown that not all of them
bind calcium. Of the 17 identified synaptotagmins only
8 bind calcium (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the
two C2 domains that bind calcium are: regulating the
fusion step of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and
binding to phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
(PIP3) in the absence of calcium ions and to
phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in their
presence (C2B). C2B also regulates also the recycling
step of synaptic vesicles. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 128
Score = 42.7 bits (101), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 22/68 (32%), Positives = 41/68 (60%), Gaps = 3/68 (4%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEAL-LFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDR 127
++PYVK+ L+ E + K +T V + + NP Y+E + +P + + D+SL V+ +DR
Sbjct: 38 SDPYVKLQLLPEKEH--KVKTRVLRKTRNPVYDETFTFYGIPYNQLQDLSLHFAVLSFDR 95
Query: 128 IGSDELMG 135
D+++G
Sbjct: 96 YSRDDVIG 103
>gnl|CDD|176029 cd08383, C2A_RasGAP, C2 domain (first repeat) of Ras GTPase
activating proteins (GAPs). RasGAPs suppress Ras
function by enhancing the GTPase activity of Ras
proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. In this way it can control cellular proliferation
and differentiation. The proteins here all contain
either a single C2 domain or two tandem C2 domains, a
Ras-GAP domain, and a pleckstrin homology (PH)-like
domain. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich
that can adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and
Type II, distinguished by a circular permutation
involving their N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2
domains are Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules
that bind a wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a single
C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which
only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium
binding region have negatively charged residues,
primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium
ions. Members here have a type-I topology.
Length = 117
Score = 42.3 bits (100), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 28/99 (28%), Positives = 39/99 (39%), Gaps = 18/99 (18%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYL----VCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDY 125
+PY V L V RT + LNPF+ E +FD P +V +L D
Sbjct: 19 DPYCTVSLDQVEVA--------RTKTVE-KLNPFWGEEFVFDDPPPDVTFFTLSFYNKDK 69
Query: 126 DRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQ 164
D ++G A+ +G G+D W P PV
Sbjct: 70 RSKDRDIVIGKVALSKLDLGQGKDEWF-----PLTPVDP 103
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 6.8
Identities = 16/44 (36%), Positives = 19/44 (43%), Gaps = 13/44 (29%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYL----VCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
DPY V L V RT + LNPF+ E +FD P
Sbjct: 19 DPYCTVSLDQVEVA--------RTKTVE-KLNPFWGEEFVFDDP 53
>gnl|CDD|176037 cd08391, C2A_C2C_Synaptotagmin_like, C2 domain first and third
repeat in Synaptotagmin-like proteins. Synaptotagmin is
a membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Previously all synaptotagmins
were thought to be calcium sensors in the regulation of
neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion, but it
has been shown that not all of them bind calcium. Of
the 17 identified synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium
(1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the two C2 domains
that bind calcium are: regulating the fusion step of
synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains either the
first or third repeat in Synaptotagmin-like proteins
with a type-I topology.
Length = 121
Score = 42.3 bits (100), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 25/110 (22%), Positives = 46/110 (41%), Gaps = 24/110 (21%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRI--RKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
PYV V R+ + ++ V K +LNP +NE +++ V L I++ D D
Sbjct: 30 PYVIV-------RVGAQTFKSKVIKENLNPKWNE--VYEAVVDEVPGQELEIELFDED-P 79
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMETVPGQIPL 178
D+ +G +I + + + +W PL + G++ L
Sbjct: 80 DKDDFLGRLSIDLGSV-------EKK-----GFIDEWLPLEDVKSGRLHL 117
Score = 35.0 bits (81), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 18/64 (28%), Positives = 30/64 (46%), Gaps = 17/64 (26%)
Query: 10 RADNYCRPTIGNRSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRI--RKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYN---EALL 64
D + + +S DPYV V R+ + ++ V K +LNP +N EA++
Sbjct: 15 AKDKFVGGLVKGKS-----DPYVIV-------RVGAQTFKSKVIKENLNPKWNEVYEAVV 62
Query: 65 FDVP 68
+VP
Sbjct: 63 DEVP 66
>gnl|CDD|176002 cd04037, C2E_Ferlin, C2 domain fifth repeat in Ferlin. Ferlins are
involved in vesicle fusion events. Ferlins and other
proteins, such as Synaptotagmins, are implicated in
facilitating the fusion process when cell membranes fuse
together. There are six known human Ferlins: Dysferlin
(Fer1L1), Otoferlin (Fer1L2), Myoferlin (Fer1L3),
Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6. Defects in these genes can
lead to a wide range of diseases including muscular
dystrophy (dysferlin), deafness (otoferlin), and
infertility (fer-1, fertilization factor-1).
Structurally they have 6 tandem C2 domains, designated
as (C2A-C2F) and a single C-terminal transmembrane
domain, though there is a new study that disputes this
and claims that there are actually 7 tandem C2 domains
with another C2 domain inserted between C2D and C2E.
In a subset of them (Dysferlin, Myoferlin, and Fer1)
there is an additional conserved domain called DysF. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the fifth C2
repeat, C2E, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 124
Score = 42.2 bits (100), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 24/71 (33%), Positives = 42/71 (59%), Gaps = 5/71 (7%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PY+K+ L K+I + + LNP + + +F++ A+ + L I V+DYD +
Sbjct: 21 SDPYLKIKL--GKKKINDRDNYIPNT-LNPVFGK--MFELEATLPGNSILKISVMDYDLL 75
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAI 139
GSD+L+G T I
Sbjct: 76 GSDDLIGETVI 86
>gnl|CDD|176017 cd04052, C2B_Tricalbin-like, C2 domain second repeat present in
Tricalbin-like proteins. 5 to 6 copies of the C2 domain
are present in Tricalbin, a yeast homolog of
Synaptotagmin, which is involved in membrane trafficking
and sorting. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 111
Score = 40.7 bits (96), Expect = 5e-05
Identities = 32/113 (28%), Positives = 51/113 (45%), Gaps = 24/113 (21%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYN---EALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYD 126
+PY ++YL GK + T VKK + NP +N E L+ D S + + V D D
Sbjct: 14 SPYAELYL--NGKLV--YTTRVKKKTNNPSWNASTEFLVTDRRKS-----RVTVVVKD-D 63
Query: 127 RIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMETVPGQIPLS 179
R D ++G +I + +++D QW+PL G+I +S
Sbjct: 64 RDRHDPVLGSVSISLN----------DLIDA-TSVGQQWFPLSGNGQGRIRIS 105
Score = 29.5 bits (67), Expect = 0.44
Identities = 16/40 (40%), Positives = 22/40 (55%), Gaps = 7/40 (17%)
Query: 30 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYN---EALLFD 66
PY ++YL GK + T VKK + NP +N E L+ D
Sbjct: 15 PYAELYL--NGKLV--YTTRVKKKTNNPSWNASTEFLVTD 50
>gnl|CDD|176046 cd08401, C2A_RasA2_RasA3, C2 domain first repeat present in RasA2
and RasA3. RasA2 and RasA3 are GAP1s (GTPase activating
protein 1s ), Ras-specific GAP members, which suppresses
Ras function by enhancing the GTPase activity of Ras
proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. In this way it can control cellular proliferation
and differentiation. RasA2 and RasA3 are both inositol
1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate-binding proteins and contain
an N-terminal C2 domain, a Ras-GAP domain, a
pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain which localizes it to
the plasma membrane, and Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK)
a zinc binding domain. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 121
Score = 40.5 bits (95), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 23/79 (29%), Positives = 35/79 (44%), Gaps = 10/79 (12%)
Query: 88 RTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGI- 146
RT + SL PF+ E F++P + + L + D D + D ++G AI +
Sbjct: 37 RTKTVEKSLCPFFGEDFYFEIPRTFRH---LSFYIYDRDVLRRDSVIGKVAIKKEDLHKY 93
Query: 147 -GRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQ 164
G+D W P QPV
Sbjct: 94 YGKDTWF-----PLQPVDA 107
Score = 31.3 bits (71), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 15/59 (25%), Positives = 26/59 (44%), Gaps = 4/59 (6%)
Query: 47 RTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN-PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKR---TSVKKNSLNPFYN 101
RT + SL PF+ E F++P ++ Y+ R ++KK L+ +Y
Sbjct: 37 RTKTVEKSLCPFFGEDFYFEIPRTFRHLSFYIYDRDVLRRDSVIGKVAIKKEDLHKYYG 95
>gnl|CDD|176010 cd04045, C2C_Tricalbin-like, C2 domain third repeat present in
Tricalbin-like proteins. 5 to 6 copies of the C2 domain
are present in Tricalbin, a yeast homolog of
Synaptotagmin, which is involved in membrane trafficking
and sorting. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the third C2
repeat, C2C, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 120
Score = 40.3 bits (95), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 24/70 (34%), Positives = 40/70 (57%), Gaps = 7/70 (10%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+PYV+V + I K RT N+LNP ++E L VP ++ N + ++V+DY+++G
Sbjct: 23 DPYVRVLV----NGIVKGRTVTISNTLNPVWDEVLY--VPVTSPNQK-ITLEVMDYEKVG 75
Query: 130 SDELMGCTAI 139
D +G I
Sbjct: 76 KDRSLGSVEI 85
Score = 30.2 bits (69), Expect = 0.25
Identities = 15/35 (42%), Positives = 20/35 (57%), Gaps = 4/35 (11%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEAL 63
DPYV+V + I K RT N+LNP ++E L
Sbjct: 23 DPYVRVLV----NGIVKGRTVTISNTLNPVWDEVL 53
>gnl|CDD|176001 cd04036, C2_cPLA2, C2 domain present in cytosolic PhosphoLipase A2
(cPLA2). A single copy of the C2 domain is present in
cPLA2 which releases arachidonic acid from membranes
initiating the biosynthesis of potent inflammatory
mediators such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and
platelet-activating factor. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members of this cd have a
type-II topology.
Length = 119
Score = 39.9 bits (94), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 24/68 (35%), Positives = 36/68 (52%), Gaps = 8/68 (11%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYL--VCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDY 125
+ YV+++L + K KRT KNS+NP +NE F + S V +V L + V+D
Sbjct: 20 TPDCYVELWLPTASDEK----KRTKTIKNSINPVWNETFEFRIQ-SQVKNV-LELTVMDE 73
Query: 126 DRIGSDEL 133
D + D L
Sbjct: 74 DYVMDDHL 81
Score = 33.8 bits (78), Expect = 0.017
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 25/47 (53%), Gaps = 6/47 (12%)
Query: 26 SVADPYVKVYL--VCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN 70
S D YV+++L + K KRT KNS+NP +NE F + +
Sbjct: 19 STPDCYVELWLPTASDEK----KRTKTIKNSINPVWNETFEFRIQSQ 61
>gnl|CDD|175999 cd04033, C2_NEDD4_NEDD4L, C2 domain present in the Human neural
precursor cell-expressed, developmentally down-regulated
4 (NEDD4) and NEDD4-like (NEDD4L/NEDD42). Nedd4 and
Nedd4-2 are two of the nine members of the Human Nedd4
family. All vertebrates appear to have both Nedd4 and
Nedd4-2 genes. They are thought to participate in the
regulation of epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) activity.
They also have identical specificity for ubiquitin
conjugating enzymes (E2). Nedd4 and Nedd4-2 are
composed of a C2 domain, 2-4 WW domains, and a ubiquitin
ligase Hect domain. Their WW domains can bind PPxY (PY)
or LPSY motifs, and in vitro studies suggest that WW3
and WW4 of both proteins bind PY motifs in the key
substrates, with WW3 generally exhibiting higher
affinity. Most Nedd4 family members, especially Nedd4-2,
also have multiple splice variants, which might play
different roles in regulating their substrates. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 133
Score = 40.0 bits (94), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 22/67 (32%), Positives = 33/67 (49%), Gaps = 5/67 (7%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLV--CEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
PYVK+ L I +T K +LNP +NE F V N + L+ +V D +R+
Sbjct: 23 PYVKISLYDPDGNGEIDSVQTKTIKKTLNPKWNEEFFFRV---NPREHRLLFEVFDENRL 79
Query: 129 GSDELMG 135
D+ +G
Sbjct: 80 TRDDFLG 86
Score = 34.3 bits (79), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 17/51 (33%), Positives = 24/51 (47%), Gaps = 2/51 (3%)
Query: 19 IGNRSIPSVADPYVKVYLV--CEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
+ + I +DPYVK+ L I +T K +LNP +NE F V
Sbjct: 12 LAKKDIFGASDPYVKISLYDPDGNGEIDSVQTKTIKKTLNPKWNEEFFFRV 62
>gnl|CDD|227371 COG5038, COG5038, Ca2+-dependent lipid-binding protein, contains C2
domain [General function prediction only].
Length = 1227
Score = 41.3 bits (97), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 19/65 (29%), Positives = 34/65 (52%), Gaps = 3/65 (4%)
Query: 76 YLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMG 135
Y+ +T VKKN+LNP +NE F + ++ D L + + D++ SD+++G
Sbjct: 462 YITVTFSDRVIGKTRVKKNTLNPVWNET--FYILLNSFTD-PLNLSLYDFNSFKSDKVVG 518
Query: 136 CTAIG 140
T +
Sbjct: 519 STQLD 523
Score = 40.5 bits (95), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 27/70 (38%), Positives = 38/70 (54%), Gaps = 8/70 (11%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASN-VNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
P+VK++L K + K T V K +LNP +NE F + N V DV L I V D+D
Sbjct: 1063 PFVKLFL--NEKSVYK--TKVVKKTLNPVWNEE--FTIEVLNRVKDV-LTINVNDWDSGE 1115
Query: 130 SDELMGCTAI 139
++L+G I
Sbjct: 1116 KNDLLGTAEI 1125
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 19/50 (38%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 6/50 (12%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVKVYLV 78
DP+VK++L K + K T V K +LNP +NE F + VK L
Sbjct: 1062 DPFVKLFL--NEKSVYK--TKVVKKTLNPVWNEE--FTIEVLNRVKDVLT 1105
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 18/33 (54%), Gaps = 4/33 (12%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNE 61
DPY+ V +T VKKN+LNP +NE
Sbjct: 460 DPYITV----TFSDRVIGKTRVKKNTLNPVWNE 488
>gnl|CDD|176067 cd08685, C2_RGS-like, C2 domain of the Regulator Of G-Protein
Signaling (RGS) family. This CD contains members of the
regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) family. RGS is a
GTPase activating protein which inhibits G-protein
mediated signal transduction. The protein is largely
cytosolic, but G-protein activation leads to
translocation of this protein to the plasma membrane. A
nuclear form of this protein has also been described,
but its sequence has not been identified. There are
multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants in
this family with some members having additional domains
(ex. PDZ and RGS) downstream of the C2 domain. The C2
domain was first identified in PKC. C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 119
Score = 39.0 bits (91), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 20/76 (26%), Positives = 35/76 (46%), Gaps = 6/76 (7%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVND---VSLIIKVID 124
N YVK+ L + + +++TS +S NP ++E FDV + V++ K+
Sbjct: 31 TCNSYVKISLSPDKEVRFRQKTSTVPDSANPLFHETFSFDVNERDYQKRLLVTVWNKLSK 90
Query: 125 YDRIGSDELMGCTAIG 140
L+GC + G
Sbjct: 91 SRD---SGLLGCMSFG 103
Score = 37.0 bits (86), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 21/76 (27%), Positives = 36/76 (47%), Gaps = 4/76 (5%)
Query: 19 IGNRSIPSVA----DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVK 74
+ + + S + YVK+ L + + +++TS +S NP ++E FDV Y K
Sbjct: 19 LEAKGLRSTNSGTCNSYVKISLSPDKEVRFRQKTSTVPDSANPLFHETFSFDVNERDYQK 78
Query: 75 VYLVCEGKRIRKKRTS 90
LV ++ K R S
Sbjct: 79 RLLVTVWNKLSKSRDS 94
>gnl|CDD|176057 cd08675, C2B_RasGAP, C2 domain second repeat of Ras GTPase
activating proteins (GAPs). RasGAPs suppress Ras
function by enhancing the GTPase activity of Ras
proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. In this way it can control cellular proliferation
and differentiation. The proteins here all contain two
tandem C2 domains, a Ras-GAP domain, and a pleckstrin
homology (PH)-like domain. C2 domains fold into an
8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members here have a type-I
topology.
Length = 137
Score = 38.9 bits (91), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 35/158 (22%), Positives = 54/158 (34%), Gaps = 44/158 (27%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKR 88
DP+ +V L + KRT VKK + NP ++EA F+ + G KK
Sbjct: 20 DPFARVTL-NYSSKTDTKRTKVKKKTNNPRFDEAFYFE-----------LTIGFSYEKKS 67
Query: 89 TSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGR 148
F V ++ L +++ + D+ +G I
Sbjct: 68 -----------------FKVEEEDLEKSELRVELWHASMVSGDDFLGEVRIP-------- 102
Query: 149 DHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMETVPGQIPLSHSSNLPS 186
L+ L WY L P + P + SSN S
Sbjct: 103 ---LQGLQQ-AGSHQAWYFLQ---PREAPGTRSSNDGS 133
>gnl|CDD|176014 cd04049, C2_putative_Elicitor-responsive_gene, C2 domain present in
the putative elicitor-responsive gene. In plants
elicitor-responsive proteins are triggered in response
to specific elicitor molecules such as glycolproteins,
peptides, carbohydrates and lipids. A host of defensive
responses are also triggered resulting in localized cell
death. Antimicrobial secondary metabolites, such as
phytoalexins, or defense-related proteins, including
pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are also produced.
There is a single C2 domain present here. C2 domains
fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2
structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members have a type-II
topology.
Length = 124
Score = 38.5 bits (90), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 21/77 (27%), Positives = 36/77 (46%), Gaps = 7/77 (9%)
Query: 65 FDVPANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNS-LNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVS-LIIKV 122
F +PYV + C R +++++ V K NP +NE F V + LI+++
Sbjct: 18 FLGKIDPYVI--IQC---RTQERKSKVAKGDGRNPEWNEKFKFTVEYPGWGGDTKLILRI 72
Query: 123 IDYDRIGSDELMGCTAI 139
+D D D+ +G I
Sbjct: 73 MDKDNFSDDDFIGEATI 89
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 6.7
Identities = 14/41 (34%), Positives = 21/41 (51%), Gaps = 6/41 (14%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNS-LNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
DPYV + C R +++++ V K NP +NE F V
Sbjct: 23 DPYVI--IQC---RTQERKSKVAKGDGRNPEWNEKFKFTVE 58
>gnl|CDD|175988 cd04021, C2_E3_ubiquitin_ligase, C2 domain present in E3 ubiquitin
ligase. E3 ubiquitin ligase is part of the
ubiquitylation mechanism responsible for controlling
surface expression of membrane proteins. The sequential
action of several enzymes are involved:
ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1, ubiquitin-conjugating
enzyme E2, and ubiquitin-protein ligase E3 which is
responsible for substrate recognition and promoting the
transfer of ubiquitin to the target protein. E3
ubiquitin ligase is composed of an N-terminal C2 domain,
4 WW domains, and a HECTc domain. C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 125
Score = 38.4 bits (90), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 21/73 (28%), Positives = 34/73 (46%), Gaps = 10/73 (13%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVS-LIIKVIDYD 126
+PYV+V +G+ +K T V K + NP +NE V S L KV +
Sbjct: 21 KPDPYVEV--TVDGQPPKK--TEVSKKTSNPKWNEHF-----TVLVTPQSTLEFKVWSHH 71
Query: 127 RIGSDELMGCTAI 139
+ +D L+G ++
Sbjct: 72 TLKADVLLGEASL 84
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 18/55 (32%), Positives = 26/55 (47%), Gaps = 6/55 (10%)
Query: 18 TIGNRSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPY 72
+ + S DPYV+V +G+ +K T V K + NP +NE F V P
Sbjct: 12 KLKSNSKSFKPDPYVEV--TVDGQPPKK--TEVSKKTSNPKWNEH--FTVLVTPQ 60
>gnl|CDD|176058 cd08676, C2A_Munc13-like, C2 domain first repeat in Munc13
(mammalian uncoordinated)-like proteins. C2-like
domains are thought to be involved in phospholipid
binding in a Ca2+ independent manner in both Unc13 and
Munc13. Caenorabditis elegans Unc13 has a central domain
with sequence similarity to PKC, which includes C1 and
C2-related domains. Unc13 binds phorbol esters and DAG
with high affinity in a phospholipid manner. Mutations
in Unc13 results in abnormal neuronal connections and
impairment in cholinergic neurotransmission in the
nematode. Munc13 is the mammalian homolog which are
expressed in the brain. There are 3 isoforms (Munc13-1,
-2, -3) and are thought to play a role in
neurotransmitter release and are hypothesized to be
high-affinity receptors for phorbol esters. Unc13 and
Munc13 contain both C1 and C2 domains. There are two C2
related domains present, one central and one at the
carboxyl end. Munc13-1 contains a third C2-like domain.
Munc13 interacts with syntaxin, synaptobrevin, and
synaptotagmin suggesting a role for these as scaffolding
proteins. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 153
Score = 38.9 bits (91), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 23/82 (28%), Positives = 36/82 (43%), Gaps = 19/82 (23%)
Query: 87 KRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGI 146
K T VK +LNP +NE F+V +V++ L + + D+D D+ +GC I
Sbjct: 91 KVTEVKPQTLNPVWNETFRFEV--EDVSNDQLHLDIWDHD----DDFLGCVNIPLK---- 140
Query: 147 GRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
D P + W+ L
Sbjct: 141 ---------DLPSCGLDSWFKL 153
Score = 32.0 bits (73), Expect = 0.10
Identities = 11/22 (50%), Positives = 14/22 (63%)
Query: 46 KRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
K T VK +LNP +NE F+V
Sbjct: 91 KVTEVKPQTLNPVWNETFRFEV 112
>gnl|CDD|175977 cd04010, C2B_RasA3, C2 domain second repeat present in RAS p21
protein activator 3 (RasA3). RasA3 are members of
GTPase activating protein 1 (GAP1), a Ras-specific GAP,
which suppresses Ras function by enhancing the GTPase
activity of Ras proteins resulting in the inactive
GDP-bound form of Ras. In this way it can control
cellular proliferation and differentiation. RasA3
contains an N-terminal C2 domain, a Ras-GAP domain, a
plextrin homology (PH)-like domain, and a Bruton's
Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) zinc binding domain. C2 domains
fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2
structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a
single C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin
which only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a
calcium binding region have negatively charged
residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands
for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 148
Score = 38.9 bits (91), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 19/50 (38%), Positives = 26/50 (52%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVKVYLV 78
DPY V L+ K+ KRT VKK + NP ++EA FDV + +
Sbjct: 20 DPYASVTLIYSNKKQDTKRTKVKKKTNNPQFDEAFYFDVTIDSSPEKKQF 69
Score = 38.1 bits (89), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 33/131 (25%), Positives = 46/131 (35%), Gaps = 25/131 (19%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLI-IKVIDYDR- 127
+PY V L+ K+ KRT VKK + NP ++EA FDV + + + D ++
Sbjct: 20 DPYASVTLIYSNKKQDTKRTKVKKKTNNPQFDEAFYFDVTIDSSPEKKQFEMPEEDAEKL 79
Query: 128 -----------IGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLME-TVPGQ 175
G D +G I L LD WY L
Sbjct: 80 ELRVDLWHASMGGGDVFLGEVRIP-----------LRGLDLQAGSHQAWYFLQPREEKST 128
Query: 176 IPLSHSSNLPS 186
P + SS S
Sbjct: 129 PPGTRSSKDNS 139
>gnl|CDD|175986 cd04019, C2C_MCTP_PRT_plant, C2 domain third repeat found in
Multiple C2 domain and Transmembrane region Proteins
(MCTP); plant subset. MCTPs are involved in Ca2+
signaling at the membrane. Plant-MCTPs are composed of
a variable N-terminal sequence, four C2 domains, two
transmembrane regions (TMRs), and a short C-terminal
sequence. It is one of four protein classes that are
anchored to membranes via a transmembrane region; the
others being synaptotagmins, extended synaptotagmins,
and ferlins. MCTPs are the only membrane-bound C2 domain
proteins that contain two functional TMRs. MCTPs are
unique in that they bind Ca2+ but not phospholipids. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the third C2
repeat, C2C, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 150
Score = 38.0 bits (89), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 29/101 (28%), Positives = 43/101 (42%), Gaps = 14/101 (13%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
+VK L G ++ + R S +N NP +NE L+F V A D LI+ V D
Sbjct: 21 PEVFVKAQL---GNQVLRTRPSQTRN-GNPSWNEELMF-VAAEPFED-HLILSVEDRVGP 74
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLM 169
DE +G I + I E + R ++W+ L
Sbjct: 75 NKDEPLGRAVIPLNDI--------ERRVDDRPVPSRWFSLE 107
Score = 34.6 bits (80), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 17/46 (36%), Positives = 26/46 (56%), Gaps = 5/46 (10%)
Query: 27 VADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPY 72
V + +VK L G ++ + R S +N NP +NE L+F V A P+
Sbjct: 20 VPEVFVKAQL---GNQVLRTRPSQTRN-GNPSWNEELMF-VAAEPF 60
>gnl|CDD|175990 cd04024, C2A_Synaptotagmin-like, C2 domain first repeat present in
Synaptotagmin-like proteins. Synaptotagmin is a
membrane-trafficking protein characterized by a
N-terminal transmembrane region, a linker, and 2
C-terminal C2 domains. Previously all synaptotagmins
were thought to be calcium sensors in the regulation of
neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion, but it
has been shown that not all of them bind calcium. Of
the 17 identified synaptotagmins only 8 bind calcium
(1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). The function of the two C2 domains
that bind calcium are: regulating the fusion step of
synaptic vesicle exocytosis (C2A) and binding to
phosphatidyl-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) in the
absence of calcium ions and to phosphatidylinositol
bisphosphate (PIP2) in their presence (C2B). C2B also
regulates also the recycling step of synaptic vesicles.
C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 128
Score = 36.6 bits (85), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 23/115 (20%), Positives = 41/115 (35%), Gaps = 20/115 (17%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDR 127
++PY + +R + T N+LNP +N + P + + L + + D DR
Sbjct: 23 KSDPYAILS--VGAQRFK---TQTIPNTLNPKWNYW--CEFPIFSAQNQLLKLILWDKDR 75
Query: 128 IGSDELMG--CTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMETVPGQIPLSH 180
+ +G A+ F D +W L T PG+ +
Sbjct: 76 FAGKDYLGEFDIALEEVF-----------ADGKTGQSDKWITLKSTRPGKTSVVS 119
>gnl|CDD|176009 cd04044, C2A_Tricalbin-like, C2 domain first repeat present in
Tricalbin-like proteins. 5 to 6 copies of the C2 domain
are present in Tricalbin, a yeast homolog of
Synaptotagmin, which is involved in membrane trafficking
and sorting. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 124
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 20/66 (30%), Positives = 34/66 (51%), Gaps = 6/66 (9%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+PYV + R RT VKK++ NP +NE V +++ + L + V D++
Sbjct: 25 DPYVTFSI---SNRRELARTKVKKDTSNPVWNETKYILV--NSLTE-PLNLTVYDFNDKR 78
Query: 130 SDELMG 135
D+L+G
Sbjct: 79 KDKLIG 84
Score = 32.9 bits (76), Expect = 0.036
Identities = 16/52 (30%), Positives = 22/52 (42%), Gaps = 7/52 (13%)
Query: 10 RADNYCRPTIGNRSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNE 61
A I ++ DPYV + R RT VKK++ NP +NE
Sbjct: 10 SARGLKGSDIIGGTV----DPYVTFSI---SNRRELARTKVKKDTSNPVWNE 54
>gnl|CDD|175989 cd04022, C2A_MCTP_PRT_plant, C2 domain first repeat found in
Multiple C2 domain and Transmembrane region Proteins
(MCTP); plant subset. MCTPs are involved in Ca2+
signaling at the membrane. Plant-MCTPs are composed of
a variable N-terminal sequence, four C2 domains, two
transmembrane regions (TMRs), and a short C-terminal
sequence. It is one of four protein classes that are
anchored to membranes via a transmembrane region; the
others being synaptotagmins, extended synaptotagmins,
and ferlins. MCTPs are the only membrane-bound C2 domain
proteins that contain two functional TMRs. MCTPs are
unique in that they bind Ca2+ but not phospholipids. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 127
Score = 36.2 bits (84), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 26/47 (55%), Gaps = 5/47 (10%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVND 115
++ YV++ +G++ KRT K LNP +NE L+F+V +
Sbjct: 21 SSAYVELDF--DGQK---KRTRTKPKDLNPVWNEKLVFNVSDPSRLS 62
Score = 33.8 bits (78), Expect = 0.017
Identities = 15/40 (37%), Positives = 24/40 (60%), Gaps = 5/40 (12%)
Query: 28 ADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
+ YV++ +G++ KRT K LNP +NE L+F+V
Sbjct: 21 SSAYVELDF--DGQK---KRTRTKPKDLNPVWNEKLVFNV 55
>gnl|CDD|176011 cd04046, C2_Calpain, C2 domain present in Calpain proteins. A
single C2 domain is found in calpains (EC 3.4.22.52, EC
3.4.22.53), calcium-dependent, non-lysosomal cysteine
proteases. Caplains are classified as belonging to Clan
CA by MEROPS and include six families: C1, C2, C10, C12,
C28, and C47. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 126
Score = 36.1 bits (84), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 18/67 (26%), Positives = 36/67 (53%), Gaps = 9/67 (13%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
A+PYV + CEG+ +R + V+K++L+P ++ +F + I+V + + +
Sbjct: 24 ADPYVIIK--CEGESVR---SPVQKDTLSPEFDTQAIF---YRKKPRSPIKIQVWNSNLL 75
Query: 129 GSDELMG 135
DE +G
Sbjct: 76 -CDEFLG 81
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 25/38 (65%), Gaps = 5/38 (13%)
Query: 28 ADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLF 65
ADPYV + CEG+ +R + V+K++L+P ++ +F
Sbjct: 24 ADPYVIIK--CEGESVR---SPVQKDTLSPEFDTQAIF 56
>gnl|CDD|176064 cd08682, C2_Rab11-FIP_classI, C2 domain found in Rab11-family
interacting proteins (FIP) class I. Rab GTPases recruit
various effector proteins to organelles and vesicles.
Rab11-family interacting proteins (FIPs) are involved in
mediating the role of Rab11. FIPs can be divided into
three classes: class I FIPs (Rip11a, Rip11b, RCP, and
FIP2) which contain a C2 domain after N-terminus of the
protein, class II FIPs (FIP3 and FIP4) which contain two
EF-hands and a proline rich region, and class III FIPs
(FIP1) which exhibits no homology to known protein
domains. All FIP proteins contain a highly conserved,
20-amino acid motif at the C-terminus of the protein,
known as Rab11/25 binding domain (RBD). Class I FIPs
are thought to bind to endocytic membranes via their C2
domain, which interacts directly with phospholipids.
Class II FIPs do not have any membrane binding domains
leaving much to speculate about the mechanism involving
FIP3 and FIP4 interactions with endocytic membranes. The
members in this CD are class I FIPs. The exact function
of the Rab11 and FIP interaction is unknown, but there
is speculation that it involves the role of forming a
targeting complex that recruits a group of proteins
involved in membrane transport to organelles. The C2
domain was first identified in PKC. C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 126
Score = 35.9 bits (83), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 20/86 (23%), Positives = 43/86 (50%), Gaps = 13/86 (15%)
Query: 86 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP---ASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSS 142
K TSVK+ + +P + E F++P + N N +L + V+ + +G D+ +G +I +
Sbjct: 32 KYSTSVKEKTTSPVWKEECSFELPGLLSGNGNRATLQLTVMHRNLLGLDKFLGQVSIPLN 91
Query: 143 FIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
++ ++ + T+W+ L
Sbjct: 92 ----------DLDEDKGRRRTRWFKL 107
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 3.7
Identities = 9/24 (37%), Positives = 15/24 (62%)
Query: 45 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
K TSVK+ + +P + E F++P
Sbjct: 32 KYSTSVKEKTTSPVWKEECSFELP 55
>gnl|CDD|175985 cd04018, C2C_Ferlin, C2 domain third repeat in Ferlin. Ferlins are
involved in vesicle fusion events. Ferlins and other
proteins, such as Synaptotagmins, are implicated in
facilitating the fusion process when cell membranes fuse
together. There are six known human Ferlins: Dysferlin
(Fer1L1), Otoferlin (Fer1L2), Myoferlin (Fer1L3),
Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6. Defects in these genes can
lead to a wide range of diseases including muscular
dystrophy (dysferlin), deafness (otoferlin), and
infertility (fer-1, fertilization factor-1).
Structurally they have 6 tandem C2 domains, designated
as (C2A-C2F) and a single C-terminal transmembrane
domain, though there is a new study that disputes this
and claims that there are actually 7 tandem C2 domains
with another C2 domain inserted between C2D and C2E.
In a subset of them (Dysferlin, Myoferlin, and Fer1)
there is an additional conserved domain called DysF. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the third C2
repeat, C2C, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 151
Score = 36.1 bits (84), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 28/86 (32%), Positives = 47/86 (54%), Gaps = 23/86 (26%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDV------SLIIKVI 123
+PYV+V G+ K +TSVKKNS NP +NE ++F ++ + I++
Sbjct: 36 DPYVEVSFA--GQ---KVKTSVKKNSYNPEWNEQIVF-------PEMFPPLCERIKIQIR 83
Query: 124 DYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRD 149
D+DR+G+D+ IG+ FI + +
Sbjct: 84 DWDRVGNDD-----VIGTHFIDLSKI 104
Score = 33.4 bits (77), Expect = 0.035
Identities = 19/37 (51%), Positives = 25/37 (67%), Gaps = 5/37 (13%)
Query: 29 DPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLF 65
DPYV+V G+ K +TSVKKNS NP +NE ++F
Sbjct: 36 DPYVEVSFA--GQ---KVKTSVKKNSYNPEWNEQIVF 67
>gnl|CDD|176074 cd08692, C2B_Tac2-N, C2 domain second repeat found in Tac2-N
(Tandem C2 protein in Nucleus). Tac2-N contains two C2
domains and a short C-terminus including a WHXL motif,
which are key in stabilizing transport vesicles to the
plasma membrane by binding to a plasma membrane.
However unlike the usual carboxyl-terminal-type (C-type)
tandem C2 proteins, it lacks a transmembrane domain, a
Slp-homology domain, and a Munc13-1-interacting domain.
Homology search analysis indicate that no known protein
motifs are located in its N-terminus, making Tac2-N a
novel class of Ca2+-independent, C-type tandem C2
proteins. The C2 domain was first identified in PKC. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 135
Score = 35.7 bits (82), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 24/99 (24%), Positives = 44/99 (44%), Gaps = 3/99 (3%)
Query: 72 YVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRT-SVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGS 130
+VKV + G + KK+T VK ++ + E ++F V + +IK+ +
Sbjct: 38 FVKVGMFSTGGLLYKKKTRLVKSSNGQVKWGETMIFPVTQQEHG-IQFLIKLYSRSSVRR 96
Query: 131 DELMGCTAIGSSFIGI-GRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL 168
+G I S + W + + NP + VT+W+ L
Sbjct: 97 KHFLGQVWISSDSSSSEAVEQWKDTIANPEKVVTKWHSL 135
>gnl|CDD|176060 cd08678, C2_C21orf25-like, C2 domain found in the Human chromosome
21 open reading frame 25 (C21orf25) protein. The
members in this cd are named after the Human C21orf25
which contains a single C2 domain. Several other
members contain a C1 domain downstream of the C2 domain.
No other information on this protein is currently
known. The C2 domain was first identified in PKC. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 126
Score = 33.9 bits (78), Expect = 0.018
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 29/51 (56%), Gaps = 5/51 (9%)
Query: 86 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV-PASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMG 135
K ++S +KN+ NPF++E LF++ P S L+ +V D + + +G
Sbjct: 32 KYQSSTQKNTSNPFWDEHFLFELSPNSKE----LLFEVYDNGKKSDSKFLG 78
Score = 31.2 bits (71), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 11/26 (42%), Positives = 19/26 (73%)
Query: 45 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN 70
K ++S +KN+ NPF++E LF++ N
Sbjct: 32 KYQSSTQKNTSNPFWDEHFLFELSPN 57
>gnl|CDD|175993 cd04027, C2B_Munc13, C2 domain second repeat in Munc13 (mammalian
uncoordinated) proteins. C2-like domains are thought
to be involved in phospholipid binding in a Ca2+
independent manner in both Unc13 and Munc13.
Caenorabditis elegans Unc13 has a central domain with
sequence similarity to PKC, which includes C1 and
C2-related domains. Unc13 binds phorbol esters and DAG
with high affinity in a phospholipid manner. Mutations
in Unc13 results in abnormal neuronal connections and
impairment in cholinergic neurotransmission in the
nematode. Munc13 is the mammalian homolog which are
expressed in the brain. There are 3 isoforms
(Munc13-1, -2, -3) and are thought to play a role in
neurotransmitter release and are hypothesized to be
high-affinity receptors for phorbol esters. Unc13 and
Munc13 contain both C1 and C2 domains. There are two
C2 related domains present, one central and one at the
carboxyl end. Munc13-1 contains a third C2-like
domain. Munc13 interacts with syntaxin, synaptobrevin,
and synaptotagmin suggesting a role for these as
scaffolding proteins. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of
piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which only have a
single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium binding
region have negatively charged residues, primarily
aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium ions.
This cd contains the second C2 repeat, C2B, and has a
type-II topology.
Length = 127
Score = 32.2 bits (73), Expect = 0.056
Identities = 17/39 (43%), Positives = 22/39 (56%), Gaps = 5/39 (12%)
Query: 28 ADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD 66
+DPYV V + GK KKRT +LNP +NE F+
Sbjct: 22 SDPYVTVQV---GKT--KKRTKTIPQNLNPVWNEKFHFE 55
Score = 30.2 bits (68), Expect = 0.34
Identities = 16/39 (41%), Positives = 22/39 (56%), Gaps = 5/39 (12%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD 107
++PYV V + GK KKRT +LNP +NE F+
Sbjct: 22 SDPYVTVQV---GKT--KKRTKTIPQNLNPVWNEKFHFE 55
>gnl|CDD|175982 cd04015, C2_plant_PLD, C2 domain present in plant phospholipase D
(PLD). PLD hydrolyzes terminal phosphodiester bonds in
diester glycerophospholipids resulting in the
degradation of phospholipids. In vitro PLD transfers
phosphatidic acid to primary alcohols. In plants PLD
plays a role in germination, seedling growth,
phosphatidylinositol metabolism, and changes in
phospholipid composition. There is a single
Ca(2+)/phospholipid-binding C2 domain in PLD. C2 domains
fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2
structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 158
Score = 32.7 bits (75), Expect = 0.057
Identities = 28/103 (27%), Positives = 43/103 (41%), Gaps = 30/103 (29%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV--PASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
PY V L G R+ RT V +NS NP +NE+ AS+V V D D +
Sbjct: 60 PYATVDL--AGARV--ARTRVIENSENPVWNESFHIYCAHYASHV-----EFTVKDNDVV 110
Query: 129 GS----------DELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQP 161
G+ ++L+ + + WL +LD+ +P
Sbjct: 111 GAQLIGRAYIPVEDLLSGEPV---------EGWLPILDSNGKP 144
>gnl|CDD|176008 cd04043, C2_Munc13_fungal, C2 domain in Munc13 (mammalian
uncoordinated) proteins; fungal group. C2-like domains
are thought to be involved in phospholipid binding in a
Ca2+ independent manner in both Unc13 and Munc13.
Caenorabditis elegans Unc13 has a central domain with
sequence similarity to PKC, which includes C1 and
C2-related domains. Unc13 binds phorbol esters and DAG
with high affinity in a phospholipid manner. Mutations
in Unc13 results in abnormal neuronal connections and
impairment in cholinergic neurotransmission in the
nematode. Munc13 is the mammalian homolog which are
expressed in the brain. There are 3 isoforms (Munc13-1,
-2, -3) and are thought to play a role in
neurotransmitter release and are hypothesized to be
high-affinity receptors for phorbol esters. Unc13 and
Munc13 contain both C1 and C2 domains. There are two C2
related domains present, one central and one at the
carboxyl end. Munc13-1 contains a third C2-like domain.
Munc13 interacts with syntaxin, synaptobrevin, and
synaptotagmin suggesting a role for these as scaffolding
proteins. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 126
Score = 31.5 bits (72), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 22/96 (22%), Positives = 42/96 (43%), Gaps = 19/96 (19%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++PYV + +RI K RT ++LNP ++E F++ + + V D +
Sbjct: 22 SDPYVTLVDTNGKRRIAKTRTI--YDTLNPRWDEE--FELEVPAGEPLWISATVWDRSFV 77
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFI----------GIGRDHWLEM 154
G +L G + + G+ R+ WL++
Sbjct: 78 GKHDL-----CGRASLKLDPKRFGDDGLPREIWLDL 108
>gnl|CDD|175991 cd04025, C2B_RasA1_RasA4, C2 domain second repeat present in RasA1
and RasA4. RasA1 and RasA4 are GAP1s (GTPase activating
protein 1s ), Ras-specific GAP members, which suppresses
Ras function by enhancing the GTPase activity of Ras
proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. In this way it can control cellular proliferation
and differentiation. Both proteins contain two C2
domains, a Ras-GAP domain, a plextrin homology
(PH)-like domain, and a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK)
zinc binding domain. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 123
Score = 31.3 bits (71), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 19/67 (28%), Positives = 35/67 (52%), Gaps = 7/67 (10%)
Query: 69 ANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++P+V+V+ G+ TSV K S P +NE F++ D L ++V D+D +
Sbjct: 21 SDPFVRVF--YNGQ---TLETSVVKKSCYPRWNEVFEFELM--EGADSPLSVEVWDWDLV 73
Query: 129 GSDELMG 135
++ +G
Sbjct: 74 SKNDFLG 80
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 0.89
Identities = 14/47 (29%), Positives = 23/47 (48%), Gaps = 5/47 (10%)
Query: 22 RSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVP 68
+ +DP+V+V+ G+ TSV K S P +NE F++
Sbjct: 15 KDRNGTSDPFVRVF--YNGQ---TLETSVVKKSCYPRWNEVFEFELM 56
>gnl|CDD|176018 cd04054, C2A_Rasal1_RasA4, C2 domain first repeat present in RasA1
and RasA4. Rasal1 and RasA4 are both members of GAP1
(GTPase activating protein 1). Rasal1 responds to
repetitive Ca2+ signals by associating with the plasma
membrane and deactivating Ras. RasA4 suppresses Ras
function by enhancing the GTPase activity of Ras
proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. In this way it can control cellular proliferation
and differentiation. Both of these proteins contains
two C2 domains, a Ras-GAP domain, a plextrin homology
(PH)-like domain, and a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK)
zinc binding domain. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-I topology.
Length = 121
Score = 31.3 bits (71), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 17/70 (24%), Positives = 32/70 (45%), Gaps = 6/70 (8%)
Query: 88 RTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGI- 146
RT+ +LNPF+ E +P ++ V+D D + D+++G ++ I
Sbjct: 36 RTATVWKTLNPFWGEEYTVHLPPGFH---TVSFYVLDEDTLSRDDVIGKVSLTREVISAH 92
Query: 147 --GRDHWLEM 154
G D W+ +
Sbjct: 93 PRGIDGWMNL 102
>gnl|CDD|176022 cd08376, C2B_MCTP_PRT, C2 domain second repeat found in Multiple C2
domain and Transmembrane region Proteins (MCTP). MCTPs
are involved in Ca2+ signaling at the membrane. MCTP is
composed of a variable N-terminal sequence, three C2
domains, two transmembrane regions (TMRs), and a short
C-terminal sequence. It is one of four protein classes
that are anchored to membranes via a transmembrane
region; the others being synaptotagmins, extended
synaptotagmins, and ferlins. MCTPs are the only
membrane-bound C2 domain proteins that contain two
functional TMRs. MCTPs are unique in that they bind Ca2+
but not phospholipids. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the second C2
repeat, C2B, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 116
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 22/65 (33%), Positives = 29/65 (44%), Gaps = 7/65 (10%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGS 130
PYVK L G K + K +LNP + E FD+ + L I+V D D
Sbjct: 23 PYVKFRL---GNEKYKSKVCSK--TLNPQWLEQ--FDLHLFDDQSQILEIEVWDKDTGKK 75
Query: 131 DELMG 135
DE +G
Sbjct: 76 DEFIG 80
>gnl|CDD|176023 cd08377, C2C_MCTP_PRT, C2 domain third repeat found in Multiple C2
domain and Transmembrane region Proteins (MCTP). MCTPs
are involved in Ca2+ signaling at the membrane. The cds
in this family contain multiple C2 domains as well as a
C-terminal PRT domain. It is one of four protein
classes that are anchored to membranes via a
transmembrane region; the others being synaptotagmins,
extended synaptotagmins, and ferlins. MCTPs are the only
membrane-bound C2 domain proteins that contain two
functional TMRs. MCTPs are unique in that they bind Ca2+
but not phospholipids. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the third C2
repeat, C2C, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 119
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 24/82 (29%), Positives = 37/82 (45%), Gaps = 8/82 (9%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIG 129
+P+ V E R + ++ K LNP +N+ F P +++DV L + V D D+
Sbjct: 23 DPFC----VLELVNARLQTHTIYKT-LNPEWNKIFTF--PIKDIHDV-LEVTVYDEDKDK 74
Query: 130 SDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRDHW 151
E +G AI I G W
Sbjct: 75 KPEFLGKVAIPLLSIKNGERKW 96
>gnl|CDD|176041 cd08395, C2C_Munc13, C2 domain third repeat in Munc13 (mammalian
uncoordinated) proteins. C2-like domains are thought to
be involved in phospholipid binding in a Ca2+
independent manner in both Unc13 and Munc13.
Caenorabditis elegans Unc13 has a central domain with
sequence similarity to PKC, which includes C1 and
C2-related domains. Unc13 binds phorbol esters and DAG
with high affinity in a phospholipid manner. Mutations
in Unc13 results in abnormal neuronal connections and
impairment in cholinergic neurotransmission in the
nematode. Munc13 is the mammalian homolog which are
expressed in the brain. There are 3 isoforms (Munc13-1,
-2, -3) and are thought to play a role in
neurotransmitter release and are hypothesized to be
high-affinity receptors for phorbol esters. Unc13 and
Munc13 contain both C1 and C2 domains. There are two C2
related domains present, one central and one at the
carboxyl end. Munc13-1 contains a third C2-like domain.
Munc13 interacts with syntaxin, synaptobrevin, and
synaptotagmin suggesting a role for these as scaffolding
proteins.C2 domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich
that can adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and
Type II, distinguished by a circular permutation
involving their N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2
domains are Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules
that bind a wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a single
C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which
only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium
binding region have negatively charged residues,
primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium
ions. This cd contains the third C2 repeat, C2C, and
has a type-II topology.
Length = 120
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 25/74 (33%), Positives = 35/74 (47%), Gaps = 7/74 (9%)
Query: 71 PYVKVYLVCE--GKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVS---LIIKVIDY 125
P+V+V L+ + RK T K N+ +P YNE F + N +D L I V DY
Sbjct: 22 PFVEVNLIGPHLSDKKRKFATKSKNNNWSPKYNETFQFIL--GNEDDPESYELHICVKDY 79
Query: 126 DRIGSDELMGCTAI 139
D L+G T +
Sbjct: 80 CFARDDRLVGVTVL 93
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 2.1
Identities = 14/44 (31%), Positives = 21/44 (47%), Gaps = 2/44 (4%)
Query: 24 IPSVADPYVKVYLVCE--GKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLF 65
+ P+V+V L+ + RK T K N+ +P YNE F
Sbjct: 16 TTGMFRPFVEVNLIGPHLSDKKRKFATKSKNNNWSPKYNETFQF 59
>gnl|CDD|176013 cd04048, C2A_Copine, C2 domain first repeat in Copine. There are
2 copies of the C2 domain present in copine, a protein
involved in membrane trafficking, protein-protein
interactions, and perhaps even cell division and
growth. C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of
piccolo/aczonin and intersectin which only have a
single C2 domain. C2 domains with a calcium binding
region have negatively charged residues, primarily
aspartates, that serve as ligands for calcium ions.
This cd contains the first C2 repeat, C2A, and has a
type-I topology.
Length = 120
Score = 30.2 bits (69), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 26/48 (54%), Gaps = 2/48 (4%)
Query: 21 NRSIPSVADPYVKVYLV--CEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD 66
++ + S +DP+V VY+ G+ + RT V KN+LNP + D
Sbjct: 14 DKDVLSKSDPFVVVYVKTGGSGQWVEIGRTEVIKNNLNPDFVTTFTVD 61
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 2.0
Identities = 14/40 (35%), Positives = 21/40 (52%), Gaps = 2/40 (5%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLV--CEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFD 107
+P+V VY+ G+ + RT V KN+LNP + D
Sbjct: 22 DPFVVVYVKTGGSGQWVEIGRTEVIKNNLNPDFVTTFTVD 61
>gnl|CDD|165912 PLN02270, PLN02270, phospholipase D alpha.
Length = 808
Score = 31.5 bits (71), Expect = 0.27
Identities = 27/101 (26%), Positives = 47/101 (46%), Gaps = 25/101 (24%)
Query: 74 KVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTS-VKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV----PASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRI 128
++Y + ++ R RT ++ NP + E+ F + ASN+ I V D + I
Sbjct: 48 QLYATIDLEKARVGRTRKIENEPKNPRWYES--FHIYCAHMASNI-----IFTVKDDNPI 100
Query: 129 GSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGR-------DHWLEMLDNPRQPV 162
G+ T IG ++I + D W+E+LDN + P+
Sbjct: 101 GA------TLIGRAYIPVEEILDGEEVDRWVEILDNDKNPI 135
>gnl|CDD|176072 cd08690, C2_Freud-1, C2 domain found in 5' repressor element
under dual repression binding protein-1 (Freud-1).
Freud-1 is a novel calcium-regulated repressor that
negatively regulates basal 5-HT1A receptor expression
in neurons. It may also play a role in the altered
regulation of 5-HT1A receptors associated with anxiety
or major depression. Freud-1 contains two DM-14 basic
repeats, a helix-loop-helix DNA binding domain, and a
C2 domain. The Freud-1 C2 domain is thought to be
calcium insensitive and it lacks several acidic
residues that mediate calcium binding of the PKC C2
domain. In addition, it contains a poly-basic insert
that is not present in calcium-dependent C2 domains and
may function as a nuclear localization signal. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind
phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and
intracellular proteins. Most C2 domain proteins are
either signal transduction enzymes that contain a
single C2 domain, such as protein kinase C, or membrane
trafficking proteins which contain at least two C2
domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However, there are a
few exceptions to this including RIM isoforms and some
splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and intersectin
which only have a single C2 domain. C2 domains with a
calcium binding region have negatively charged
residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as ligands
for calcium ions. This cd contains the first C2
repeat, C2A, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 155
Score = 30.0 bits (68), Expect = 0.52
Identities = 12/43 (27%), Positives = 21/43 (48%)
Query: 25 PSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 67
P D YVK + + +TS K++ +P YNE+ ++
Sbjct: 22 PKDLDTYVKFEFPYPNEEPQSGKTSTIKDTNSPEYNESFKLNI 64
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 7/23 (30%), Positives = 14/23 (60%)
Query: 86 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDV 108
+TS K++ +P YNE+ ++
Sbjct: 42 SGKTSTIKDTNSPEYNESFKLNI 64
>gnl|CDD|233352 TIGR01310, L7, 60S ribosomal protein L7, eukaryotic. This model
describes the eukaryotic 60S (cytosolic) ribosomal
protein L7 and paralogs that may or may not also be L7.
Human, Drosophila, and Arabidopsis all have both a
typical L7 and an L7-related paralog. This family is
designated subfamily rather than equivalog to reflect
these uncharacterized paralogs. Members of this family
average ~ 250 residues in length, somewhat longer than
the archaeal L30P/L7E homolog (~ 155 residues) and much
longer than the related bacterial/organellar form (~ 60
residues).
Length = 235
Score = 30.0 bits (68), Expect = 0.59
Identities = 16/83 (19%), Positives = 29/83 (34%), Gaps = 10/83 (12%)
Query: 41 KRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFY 100
+ +KK K+ F + +VK Y E + IR KR + K
Sbjct: 21 AKAKKKANKKKRKIY---------FKRAES-FVKEYRKAEREIIRLKRLAKKPGKFYVPA 70
Query: 101 NEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVI 123
L+F + +N + + +
Sbjct: 71 EHKLVFVIRIKGINGIPPKPRKV 93
>gnl|CDD|176016 cd04051, C2_SRC2_like, C2 domain present in Soybean genes Regulated
by Cold 2 (SRC2)-like proteins. SRC2 production is a
response to pathogen infiltration. The initial response
of increased Ca2+ concentrations are coupled to
downstream signal transduction pathways via calcium
binding proteins. SRC2 contains a single C2 domain
which localizes to the plasma membrane and is involved
in Ca2+ dependent protein binding. C2 domains fold into
an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural
arrangements: Type I and Type II, distinguished by a
circular permutation involving their N- and C-terminal
beta strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 125
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 0.77
Identities = 17/69 (24%), Positives = 30/69 (43%), Gaps = 7/69 (10%)
Query: 70 NPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSV-KKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNV--NDVSLIIKVIDYD 126
Y V++ + K+ T V + NP +NE L F + + ++L I+V
Sbjct: 22 KVYAVVWI--DPSH--KQSTPVDRDGGTNPTWNETLRFPLDERLLQQGRLALTIEVYCER 77
Query: 127 RIGSDELMG 135
D+L+G
Sbjct: 78 PSLGDKLIG 86
Score = 28.0 bits (63), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 15/74 (20%), Positives = 28/74 (37%), Gaps = 11/74 (14%)
Query: 21 NRSIPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSV-KKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPANP------YV 73
N ++ Y V++ + K+ T V + NP +NE L F + +
Sbjct: 14 NVNLFGKMKVYAVVWI--DPSH--KQSTPVDRDGGTNPTWNETLRFPLDERLLQQGRLAL 69
Query: 74 KVYLVCEGKRIRKK 87
+ + CE + K
Sbjct: 70 TIEVYCERPSLGDK 83
>gnl|CDD|178538 PLN02952, PLN02952, phosphoinositide phospholipase C.
Length = 599
Score = 30.0 bits (67), Expect = 0.97
Identities = 21/73 (28%), Positives = 39/73 (53%), Gaps = 4/73 (5%)
Query: 68 PANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLI-IKVIDYD 126
P + Y K+Y+V KK+T + +++ P +NE F + V +++L+ I+V +YD
Sbjct: 496 PPDFYTKMYIVGVPADNAKKKTKIIEDNWYPAWNEEFSFPL---TVPELALLRIEVREYD 552
Query: 127 RIGSDELMGCTAI 139
D+ G T +
Sbjct: 553 MSEKDDFGGQTCL 565
>gnl|CDD|238734 cd01457, vWA_ORF176_type, VWA ORF176 type: Von Willebrand factor
type A (vWA) domain was originally found in the blood
coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF).
Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately
200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b
para-rossmann type of fold. The vWA domain, since its
discovery, has drawn great interest because of its
widespread occurrence and its involvement in a wide
variety of important cellular functions. These include
basal membrane formation, cell migration, cell
differentiation, adhesion, haemostasis, signaling,
chromosomal stability, malignant transformation and in
immune defenses. In integrins these domains form
heterodimers while in vWF it forms multimers. There are
different interaction surfaces of this domain as seen by
the various molecules it complexes with. Ligand binding
in most cases is mediated by the presence of a metal ion
dependent adhesion site termed as the MIDAS motif that
is a characteristic feature of most, if not all A
domains. The members of this subgroup are Eubacterial in
origin and have a conserved MIDAS motif. Not much is
known about the biochemistry of these.
Length = 199
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 3.1
Identities = 18/56 (32%), Positives = 27/56 (48%), Gaps = 4/56 (7%)
Query: 122 VIDYDRIGSDELMGCTAIGSSFIGIGRD----HWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPLMETVP 173
V SDEL + SF+ IGRD +L+ LD+ Q V + +++TV
Sbjct: 125 VERVIIKASDELDADNELAISFLQIGRDPAATAFLKALDDQLQEVGAKFDIVDTVT 180
>gnl|CDD|176028 cd08382, C2_Smurf-like, C2 domain present in Smad
ubiquitination-related factor (Smurf)-like proteins. A
single C2 domain is found in Smurf proteins,
C2-WW-HECT-domain E3s, which play an important role in
the downregulation of the TGF-beta signaling pathway.
Smurf proteins also regulate cell shape, motility, and
polarity by degrading small guanosine triphosphatases
(GTPases). C2 domains fold into an 8-standed
beta-sandwich that can adopt 2 structural arrangements:
Type I and Type II, distinguished by a circular
permutation involving their N- and C-terminal beta
strands. Many C2 domains are Ca2+-dependent
membrane-targeting modules that bind a wide variety of
substances including bind phospholipids, inositol
polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. Most C2
domain proteins are either signal transduction enzymes
that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein kinase
C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain at
least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1. However,
there are a few exceptions to this including RIM
isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin and
intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. Members here have type-II
topology.
Length = 123
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 4.6
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 26/54 (48%), Gaps = 8/54 (14%)
Query: 89 TSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASNVNDVSLI-IKVIDYDRI--GSDELMGCTAI 139
T V K +L+P +NE FD+ V S+I I+V D + +GC I
Sbjct: 37 TDVAKKTLDPKWNEH--FDL---TVGPSSIITIQVFDQKKFKKKDQGFLGCVRI 85
>gnl|CDD|131761 TIGR02714, amido_AtzD_TrzD, ring-opening amidohydrolases. Members
of this family are are ring-opening amidohydrolases,
including cyanuric acid amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.2.15)
(AtzD and TrzD) and barbiturase. Note that barbiturase
does not act as defined for EC 3.5.2.1 (barbiturate +
water = malonate + urea) but rather catalyzes the
ring-opening of barbituric acid to ureidomalonic acid
(see Soong, et al., PMID:11485332).
Length = 366
Score = 27.6 bits (61), Expect = 4.6
Identities = 9/30 (30%), Positives = 18/30 (60%)
Query: 105 LFDVPASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELM 134
+F VP + +D S + K+ID + +D ++
Sbjct: 3 VFRVPLHSPSDASGLAKLIDDGVLEADRVV 32
>gnl|CDD|181337 PRK08266, PRK08266, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 542
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 4.9
Identities = 16/44 (36%), Positives = 20/44 (45%), Gaps = 9/44 (20%)
Query: 139 IGSSFIGIGRDHWLEMLDNPRQ-----PVTQWYPLMETVPGQIP 177
I S+ IG GR H EM P Q T+W +E P + P
Sbjct: 104 IPSALIGKGRGHLHEM---PDQLATLRSFTKWAERIEH-PSEAP 143
>gnl|CDD|227650 COG5346, COG5346, Predicted membrane protein [Function unknown].
Length = 136
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 6.1
Identities = 9/27 (33%), Positives = 12/27 (44%)
Query: 86 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPASN 112
KR VK N LN + + P +N
Sbjct: 2 TKRFFVKNNRLNKGLAKTFSSNEPDNN 28
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 7.4
Identities = 9/26 (34%), Positives = 11/26 (42%)
Query: 45 KKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAN 70
KR VK N LN + + P N
Sbjct: 2 TKRFFVKNNRLNKGLAKTFSSNEPDN 27
>gnl|CDD|220692 pfam10324, 7TM_GPCR_Srw, Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor
Srw. Chemoreception is mediated in Caenorhabditis
elegans by members of the seven-transmembrane
G-protein-coupled receptor class (7TM GPCRs) of proteins
which are of the serpentine type. Srw is a solo family
amongst the superfamilies of chemoreceptors.
Chemoperception is one of the central senses of soil
nematodes like C. elegans which are otherwise 'blind'
and 'deaf'. The genes encoding Srw do not appear to be
under as strong an adaptive evolutionary pressure as
those of Srz.
Length = 317
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 6.6
Identities = 8/33 (24%), Positives = 18/33 (54%)
Query: 24 IPSVADPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLN 56
IP + P + + L+ E ++ +K R ++ +S
Sbjct: 203 IPCILLPILTILLIIELRKAKKSRKNLSSSSNK 235
>gnl|CDD|176020 cd08374, C2F_Ferlin, C2 domain sixth repeat in Ferlin. Ferlins are
involved in vesicle fusion events. Ferlins and other
proteins, such as Synaptotagmins, are implicated in
facilitating the fusion process when cell membranes fuse
together. There are six known human Ferlins: Dysferlin
(Fer1L1), Otoferlin (Fer1L2), Myoferlin (Fer1L3),
Fer1L4, Fer1L5, and Fer1L6. Defects in these genes can
lead to a wide range of diseases including muscular
dystrophy (dysferlin), deafness (otoferlin), and
infertility (fer-1, fertilization factor-1).
Structurally they have 6 tandem C2 domains, designated
as (C2A-C2F) and a single C-terminal transmembrane
domain, though there is a new study that disputes this
and claims that there are actually 7 tandem C2 domains
with another C2 domain inserted between C2D and C2E.
In a subset of them (Dysferlin, Myoferlin, and Fer1)
there is an additional conserved domain called DysF. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions. This cd contains the sixth C2
repeat, C2E, and has a type-II topology.
Length = 133
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 6.9
Identities = 20/87 (22%), Positives = 30/87 (34%), Gaps = 25/87 (28%)
Query: 72 YVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLN-----------PF-Y-----------NEALLFDV 108
YVK +L +G K++T V SL+ PF Y E
Sbjct: 28 YVKGWL--DGLEEDKQKTDVHYRSLDGEGNFNWRFVFPFDYLPAEKKIVVIKKEHFWSLD 85
Query: 109 PASNVNDVSLIIKVIDYDRIGSDELMG 135
L ++V D D+ D+ +G
Sbjct: 86 ETEYKIPPKLTLQVWDNDKFSPDDFLG 112
>gnl|CDD|176068 cd08686, C2_ABR, C2 domain in the Active BCR (Breakpoint cluster
region) Related protein. The ABR protein is similar to
the breakpoint cluster region protein. It has homology
to guanine nucleotide exchange proteins and
GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). ABR is expressed
primarily in the brain, but also includes non-neuronal
tissues such as the heart. It has been associated with
human diseases such as Miller-Dieker syndrome in which
mental retardation and malformations of the heart are
present. ABR contains a RhoGEF domain and a PH-like
domain upstream of its C2 domain and a RhoGAP domain
downstream of this domain. A few members also contain a
Bcr-Abl oncoprotein oligomerization domain at the very
N-terminal end. Splice variants of ABR have been
identified. ABR is found in a wide variety of organisms
including chimpanzee, dog, mouse, rat, fruit fly, and
mosquito. The C2 domain was first identified in PKC. C2
domains fold into an 8-standed beta-sandwich that can
adopt 2 structural arrangements: Type I and Type II,
distinguished by a circular permutation involving their
N- and C-terminal beta strands. Many C2 domains are
Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting modules that bind a
wide variety of substances including bind phospholipids,
inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins.
Most C2 domain proteins are either signal transduction
enzymes that contain a single C2 domain, such as protein
kinase C, or membrane trafficking proteins which contain
at least two C2 domains, such as synaptotagmin 1.
However, there are a few exceptions to this including
RIM isoforms and some splice variants of piccolo/aczonin
and intersectin which only have a single C2 domain. C2
domains with a calcium binding region have negatively
charged residues, primarily aspartates, that serve as
ligands for calcium ions.
Length = 118
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 7.5
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 65 FDVPANPYVKVYLVCEGKRIRKKRTSVKKNSLNPFYNEALLFDVPAS 111
F AN Y + + G ++K +T V +++ P +NE ++ S
Sbjct: 11 FKQSANLYCTLEVDSFGYFVKKAKTRVCRDTTEPNWNEEFEIELEGS 57
>gnl|CDD|235299 PRK04443, PRK04443, acetyl-lysine deacetylase; Provisional.
Length = 348
Score = 26.8 bits (60), Expect = 7.6
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 19/37 (51%), Gaps = 6/37 (16%)
Query: 147 GRDHWLEMLDNPRQPVTQWYPL------METVPGQIP 177
GR+ W++ N R P PL ++TVPG IP
Sbjct: 40 GREAWVDEAGNARGPAGDGPPLVLLLGHIDTVPGDIP 76
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.318 0.136 0.410
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0645 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 9,886,858
Number of extensions: 910732
Number of successful extensions: 846
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 794
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 164
Length of query: 194
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 92
Effective length of query: 102
Effective length of database: 6,857,034
Effective search space: 699417468
Effective search space used: 699417468
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.7 bits)
S2: 56 (25.5 bits)