RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy6647
(62 letters)
>gnl|CDD|187601 cd05343, Mgc4172-like_SDR_c, human Mgc4172-like, classical (c)
SDRs. Human Mgc4172-like proteins, putative SDRs.
These proteins are members of the SDR family, with a
canonical active site tetrad and a typical Gly-rich
NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 250
Score = 49.4 bits (118), Expect = 5e-09
Identities = 20/48 (41%), Positives = 28/48 (58%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
M+RW GR+ LVTGA +G + + L G+ VVG ARR ++ A
Sbjct: 1 MERWRGRVALVTGASVGIGAAVARALVQHGMKVVGCARRVDKIEALAA 48
>gnl|CDD|226674 COG4221, COG4221, Short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase of unknown
specificity [General function prediction only].
Length = 246
Score = 40.7 bits (96), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 16/34 (47%), Positives = 22/34 (64%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
G++ L+TGA S +GE + LA +G VV ARR
Sbjct: 6 GKVALITGASSGIGEATARALAEAGAKVVLAARR 39
>gnl|CDD|223377 COG0300, DltE, Short-chain dehydrogenases of various substrate
specificities [General function prediction only].
Length = 265
Score = 39.5 bits (93), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 15/37 (40%), Positives = 23/37 (62%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G+ L+TGA S +G L K+LA G ++ +ARR +
Sbjct: 6 GKTALITGASSGIGAELAKQLARRGYNLILVARREDK 42
>gnl|CDD|223959 COG1028, FabG, Dehydrogenases with different specificities
(related to short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases)
[Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and
catabolism / General function prediction only].
Length = 251
Score = 39.0 bits (91), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 23/48 (47%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVE 53
G++ LVTGA S +G + + LA G VV ARR ++
Sbjct: 5 GKVALVTGASSGIGRAIARALAREGARVVVAARRSEEEAAEALAAAIK 52
>gnl|CDD|169556 PRK08703, PRK08703, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 239
Score = 38.4 bits (89), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 16/45 (35%), Positives = 26/45 (57%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
M + +LVTGA LGE + K A +G TV+ +AR + ++ +
Sbjct: 1 MATLSDKTILVTGASQGLGEQVAKAYAAAGATVILVARHQKKLEK 45
>gnl|CDD|187605 cd05347, Ga5DH-like_SDR_c, gluconate 5-dehydrogenase
(Ga5DH)-like, classical (c) SDRs. Ga5DH catalyzes the
NADP-dependent conversion of carbon source D-gluconate
and 5-keto-D-gluconate. This SDR subgroup has a
classical Gly-rich NAD(P)-binding motif and a conserved
active site tetrad pattern. However, it has been
proposed that Arg104 (Streptococcus suis Ga5DH
numbering), as well as an active site Ca2+, play a
critical role in catalysis. In addition to Ga5DHs this
subgroup contains Erwinia chrysanthemi KduD which is
involved in pectin degradation, and is a putative
2,5-diketo-3-deoxygluconate dehydrogenase. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107,15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 248
Score = 38.5 bits (90), Expect = 5e-05
Identities = 14/55 (25%), Positives = 24/55 (43%), Gaps = 2/55 (3%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYHRGFS 60
G++ LVTGA +G + LA +G +V +R + A +E +
Sbjct: 5 GKVALVTGASRGIGFGIASGLAEAGANIVINSRNEEKA--EEAQQLIEKEGVEAT 57
>gnl|CDD|187604 cd05346, SDR_c5, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 5. These proteins
are members of the classical SDR family, with a
canonical active site tetrad and a typical Gly-rich
NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 249
Score = 38.0 bits (89), Expect = 5e-05
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 20/36 (55%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
VL+TGA S +GE + A +G ++ RR R+
Sbjct: 2 TVLITGASSGIGEATARRFAKAGAKLILTGRRAERL 37
>gnl|CDD|187564 cd05254, dTDP_HR_like_SDR_e, dTDP-6-deoxy-L-lyxo-4-hexulose
reductase and related proteins, extended (e) SDRs.
dTDP-6-deoxy-L-lyxo-4-hexulose reductase, an extended
SDR, synthesizes dTDP-L-rhamnose from
alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, providing the precursor
of L-rhamnose, an essential cell wall component of many
pathogenic bacteria. This subgroup has the
characteristic active site tetrad and NADP-binding
motif. This subgroup also contains human MAT2B, the
regulatory subunit of methionine adenosyltransferase
(MAT); MAT catalyzes S-adenosylmethionine synthesis.
The human gene encoding MAT2B encodes two major
splicing variants which are induced in human cell liver
cancer and regulate HuR, an mRNA-binding protein which
stabilizes the mRNA of several cyclins, to affect cell
proliferation. Both MAT2B variants include this
extended SDR domain. Extended SDRs are distinct from
classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 280
Score = 38.0 bits (89), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 18/36 (50%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
+L+TGA LG L + L G V+G R R +
Sbjct: 2 ILITGATGMLGRALVRLLKERGYEVIGTGRSRASLF 37
>gnl|CDD|235546 PRK05653, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Validated.
Length = 246
Score = 37.8 bits (89), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 12/40 (30%), Positives = 15/40 (37%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
G+ LVTGA +G + LA G VV
Sbjct: 5 GKTALVTGASRGIGRAIALRLAADGAKVVIYDSNEEAAEA 44
>gnl|CDD|180796 PRK07023, PRK07023, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 243
Score = 36.9 bits (86), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 14/32 (43%), Positives = 20/32 (62%)
Query: 10 LVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
+VTG LG L ++L G+ V+G+AR RH
Sbjct: 5 IVTGHSRGLGAALAEQLLQPGIAVLGVARSRH 36
>gnl|CDD|180773 PRK06949, PRK06949, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 258
Score = 36.7 bits (85), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 17/39 (43%), Positives = 24/39 (61%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
G++ LVTGA S LG + LA +G VV +RR R++
Sbjct: 9 GKVALVTGASSGLGARFAQVLAQAGAKVVLASRRVERLK 47
>gnl|CDD|235725 PRK06179, PRK06179, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 270
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 26/48 (54%), Gaps = 3/48 (6%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEF 54
++ LVTGA S +G ++LA +G V G +R R+ +P VE
Sbjct: 5 KVALVTGASSGIGRATAEKLARAGYRVFGTSR---NPARAAPIPGVEL 49
>gnl|CDD|212491 cd05233, SDR_c, classical (c) SDRs. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human prostaglandin
dehydrogenase (PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr
and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, PGDH
numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, PGDH numbering)
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional
elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain)
SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid
synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an
altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl
reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or
have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or
unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed
within the SDR family include isomerization,
decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction,
dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA
reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 234
Score = 36.5 bits (85), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 14/41 (34%), Positives = 19/41 (46%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAV 49
LVTGA S +G + + LA G VV R + A+
Sbjct: 1 ALVTGASSGIGRAIARRLAREGAKVVLADRNEEALAELAAI 41
>gnl|CDD|187609 cd05351, XR_like_SDR_c, xylulose reductase-like, classical (c)
SDRs. Members of this subgroup include proteins
identified as L-xylulose reductase (XR) and carbonyl
reductase; they are members of the SDR family. XR,
catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of L-xyulose and
other sugars. Tetrameric mouse carbonyl reductase is
involved in the metabolism of biogenic and xenobiotic
carbonyl compounds. This subgroup also includes
tetrameric chicken liver D-erythrulose reductase, which
catalyzes the reduction of D-erythrulose to D-threitol.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser).
Length = 244
Score = 36.3 bits (84), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 19/33 (57%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
G+ LVTGA +G K LA +G VV ++R
Sbjct: 7 GKRALVTGAGKGIGRATVKALAKAGARVVAVSR 39
>gnl|CDD|187608 cd05350, SDR_c6, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 6. These proteins
are members of the classical SDR family, with a
canonical active site tetrad and a fairly well
conserved typical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 239
Score = 36.2 bits (84), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 17/40 (42%), Positives = 22/40 (55%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
VL+TGA S +G L +E A +G V ARR R+ A
Sbjct: 1 VLITGASSGIGRALAREFAKAGYNVALAARRTDRLDELKA 40
>gnl|CDD|187632 cd05374, 17beta-HSD-like_SDR_c, 17beta hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase-like, classical (c) SDRs.
17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are a group of
isozymes that catalyze activation and inactivation of
estrogen and androgens. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 248
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 13/48 (27%), Positives = 21/48 (43%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEF 54
++VL+TG S +G L LA G V+ AR ++ +
Sbjct: 1 KVVLITGCSSGIGLALALALAAQGYRVIATARNPDKLESLGELLNDNL 48
>gnl|CDD|187635 cd08930, SDR_c8, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 8. This subgroup
has a fairly well conserved active site tetrad and
domain size of the classical SDRs, but has an atypical
NAD-binding motif ([ST]G[GA]XGXXG). SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 250
Score = 35.4 bits (82), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 11/52 (21%), Positives = 23/52 (44%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYHR 57
+I+L+TGA +G+ CK L +G ++ + + + +R
Sbjct: 2 DKIILITGAAGLIGKAFCKALLSAGARLILADINAPALEQLKEELTNLYKNR 53
>gnl|CDD|180448 PRK06182, PRK06182, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 273
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 16/33 (48%), Positives = 21/33 (63%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
++ LVTGA S +G+ + LA G TV G ARR
Sbjct: 4 KVALVTGASSGIGKATARRLAAQGYTVYGAARR 36
>gnl|CDD|187647 cd08943, R1PA_ADH_SDR_c, rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase/alcohol
dehydrogenase, classical (c) SDRs. This family has
bifunctional proteins with an N-terminal aldolase and a
C-terminal classical SDR domain. One member is
identified as a rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase/alcohol
dehydrogenase. The SDR domain has a canonical SDR
glycine-rich NAD(P) binding motif and a match to the
characteristic active site triad. However, it lacks an
upstream active site Asn typical of SDRs. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 250
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 17/31 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
G++ LVTG S +G + K LA G VV
Sbjct: 1 GKVALVTGGASGIGLAIAKRLAAEGAAVVVA 31
>gnl|CDD|235631 PRK05866, PRK05866, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 293
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 16/36 (44%), Positives = 23/36 (63%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
G+ +L+TGA S +GE ++ A G TVV +ARR
Sbjct: 40 GKRILLTGASSGIGEAAAEQFARRGATVVAVARRED 75
>gnl|CDD|235736 PRK06196, PRK06196, oxidoreductase; Provisional.
Length = 315
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 18/50 (36%), Positives = 25/50 (50%), Gaps = 1/50 (2%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA-VPKVEF 54
G+ +VTG S LG + LA +G V+ ARR R + A + VE
Sbjct: 26 GKTAIVTGGYSGLGLETTRALAQAGAHVIVPARRPDVAREALAGIDGVEV 75
>gnl|CDD|212492 cd05327, retinol-DH_like_SDR_c_like, retinol dehydrogenase
(retinol-DH), Light dependent Protochlorophyllide
(Pchlide) OxidoReductase (LPOR) and related proteins,
classical (c) SDRs. Classical SDR subgroup containing
retinol-DHs, LPORs, and related proteins. Retinol is
processed by a medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
followed by retinol-DHs. Pchlide reductases act in
chlorophyll biosynthesis. There are distinct enzymes
that catalyze Pchlide reduction in light or dark
conditions. Light-dependent reduction is via an
NADP-dependent SDR, LPOR. Proteins in this subfamily
share the glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the
classical SDRs, have a partial match to the canonical
active site tetrad, but lack the typical active site
Ser. This subgroup includes the human proteins: retinol
dehydrogenase -12, -13 ,and -14,
dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member (DHRS)-12 ,
-13 and -X (a DHRS on chromosome X), and WWOX (WW
domain-containing oxidoreductase), as well as a
Neurospora crassa SDR encoded by the blue light
inducible bli-4 gene. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 269
Score = 34.5 bits (80), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 13/37 (35%), Positives = 22/37 (59%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G++V++TGA S +G+ +ELA G V+ R +
Sbjct: 1 GKVVVITGANSGIGKETARELAKRGAHVIIACRNEEK 37
>gnl|CDD|236216 PRK08277, PRK08277, D-mannonate oxidoreductase; Provisional.
Length = 278
Score = 34.5 bits (80), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 13/37 (35%), Positives = 21/37 (56%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G++ ++TG LG + KELA +G V L R + +
Sbjct: 10 GKVAVITGGGGVLGGAMAKELARAGAKVAILDRNQEK 46
>gnl|CDD|181044 PRK07577, PRK07577, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 234
Score = 34.3 bits (79), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 16/33 (48%), Positives = 19/33 (57%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
R VLVTGA +G L LA G V+G+AR
Sbjct: 4 RTVLVTGATKGIGLALSLRLANLGHQVIGIARS 36
>gnl|CDD|187639 cd08934, CAD_SDR_c, clavulanic acid dehydrogenase (CAD),
classical (c) SDR. CAD catalyzes the NADP-dependent
reduction of clavulanate-9-aldehyde to clavulanic acid,
a beta-lactamase inhibitor. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 243
Score = 34.1 bits (78), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 17/39 (43%), Positives = 22/39 (56%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
G++ LVTGA S +GE + LA G V ARR R+
Sbjct: 3 GKVALVTGASSGIGEATARALAAEGAAVAIAARRVDRLE 41
>gnl|CDD|236372 PRK09072, PRK09072, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 263
Score = 34.1 bits (79), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 11/43 (25%), Positives = 22/43 (51%)
Query: 3 RWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
+ VL+TGA +G+ L + LA +G ++ + R ++
Sbjct: 2 DLKDKRVLLTGASGGIGQALAEALAAAGARLLLVGRNAEKLEA 44
>gnl|CDD|235726 PRK06181, PRK06181, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 263
Score = 34.2 bits (79), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 22/38 (57%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
G++V++TGA +G L LA +G +V AR R+
Sbjct: 1 GKVVIITGASEGIGRALAVRLARAGAQLVLAARNETRL 38
>gnl|CDD|187593 cd05332, 11beta-HSD1_like_SDR_c, 11beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1)-like, classical (c)
SDRs. Human 11beta_HSD1 catalyzes the
NADP(H)-dependent interconversion of cortisone and
cortisol. This subgroup also includes human
dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 7C (DHRS7C)
and DHRS7B. These proteins have the GxxxGxG nucleotide
binding motif and S-Y-K catalytic triad characteristic
of the SDRs, but have an atypical C-terminal domain
that contributes to homodimerization contacts. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 257
Score = 33.7 bits (78), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 17/37 (45%), Positives = 23/37 (62%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G++V++TGA S +GE L LA G +V ARR R
Sbjct: 3 GKVVIITGASSGIGEELAYHLARLGARLVLSARREER 39
>gnl|CDD|180753 PRK06924, PRK06924, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 251
Score = 33.5 bits (77), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 14/56 (25%), Positives = 25/56 (44%), Gaps = 4/56 (7%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYHRGFSQV 62
R V++TG LGE + +L G V+ ++R ++ A E Y+ +
Sbjct: 2 RYVIITGTSQGLGEAIANQLLEKGTHVISISRTENKELTKLA----EQYNSNLTFH 53
>gnl|CDD|187539 cd05228, AR_FR_like_1_SDR_e, uncharacterized subgroup of aldehyde
reductase and flavonoid reductase related proteins,
extended (e) SDRs. This subgroup contains proteins of
unknown function related to aldehyde reductase and
flavonoid reductase of the extended SDR-type. Aldehyde
reductase I (aka carbonyl reductase) is an NADP-binding
SDR; it has an NADP-binding motif consensus that is
slightly different from the canonical SDR form and
lacks the Asn of the extended SDR active site tetrad.
Aldehyde reductase I catalyzes the NADP-dependent
reduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to ethyl
(R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. The related flavonoid
reductases act in the NADP-dependent reduction of
flavonoids, ketone-containing plant secondary
metabolites. Extended SDRs are distinct from classical
SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet) core region
typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a less
conserved C-terminal extension of approximately 100
amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection of
proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 318
Score = 33.8 bits (78), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 16/46 (34%), Positives = 19/46 (41%), Gaps = 1/46 (2%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEF 54
+LVTGA LG L + L G V L R +P VE
Sbjct: 1 ILVTGATGFLGSNLVRALLAQGYRVRALVRSGSDAVLLDGLP-VEV 45
>gnl|CDD|187551 cd05240, UDP_G4E_3_SDR_e, UDP-glucose 4 epimerase (G4E), subgroup
3, extended (e) SDRs. Members of this bacterial
subgroup are identified as possible sugar epimerases,
such as UDP-glucose 4 epimerase. However, while the
NAD(P)-binding motif is fairly well conserved, not all
members retain the canonical active site tetrad of the
extended SDRs. UDP-glucose 4 epimerase (aka
UDP-galactose-4-epimerase), is a homodimeric extended
SDR. It catalyzes the NAD-dependent conversion of
UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose, the final step in Leloir
galactose synthesis. Extended SDRs are distinct from
classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 306
Score = 33.9 bits (78), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 20/50 (40%), Positives = 25/50 (50%), Gaps = 6/50 (12%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELA--LSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYH 56
+LVTGA LG L + LA + V GL RR R + PKVE+
Sbjct: 1 ILVTGAAGGLGRLLARRLAASPRVIGVDGLDRR----RPPGSPPKVEYVR 46
>gnl|CDD|235962 PRK07201, PRK07201, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 657
Score = 33.8 bits (78), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 22/37 (59%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G++VL+TGA S +G ++A +G TV +AR
Sbjct: 371 GKVVLITGASSGIGRATAIKVAEAGATVFLVARNGEA 407
>gnl|CDD|180817 PRK07060, PRK07060, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 245
Score = 33.1 bits (76), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 16/33 (48%), Positives = 18/33 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
G+ VLVTGA S +G LA G VV AR
Sbjct: 9 GKSVLVTGASSGIGRACAVALAQRGARVVAAAR 41
>gnl|CDD|236241 PRK08324, PRK08324, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 681
Score = 32.9 bits (76), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 17/31 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
G++ LVTGA +G+ K LA G VV
Sbjct: 422 GKVALVTGAAGGIGKATAKRLAAEGACVVLA 452
>gnl|CDD|236016 PRK07424, PRK07424, bifunctional sterol desaturase/short chain
dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 406
Score = 33.1 bits (76), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 16/31 (51%), Positives = 19/31 (61%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
G+ V VTGA +LG+ L KEL G VV L
Sbjct: 178 GKTVAVTGASGTLGQALLKELHQQGAKVVAL 208
>gnl|CDD|187594 cd05333, BKR_SDR_c, beta-Keto acyl carrier protein reductase
(BKR), involved in Type II FAS, classical (c) SDRs.
This subgroup includes the Escherichai coli K12 BKR,
FabG. BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of
ACP in the first reductive step of de novo fatty acid
synthesis (FAS). FAS consists of four elongation steps,
which are repeated to extend the fatty acid chain
through the addition of two-carbo units from malonyl
acyl-carrier protein (ACP): condensation, reduction,
dehydration, and a final reduction. Type II FAS,
typical of plants and many bacteria, maintains these
activities on discrete polypeptides, while type I FAS
utilizes one or two multifunctional polypeptides. BKR
resembles enoyl reductase, which catalyzes the second
reduction step in FAS. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet) NAD(P)(H)
binding region and a structurally diverse C-terminal
region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues
long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350
residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal
NAD(P)(H) binding pattern: TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs.
Extended SDRs have additional elements in the
C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs
such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase
have a GGXGXXG NAD(P) binding motif and an altered
active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type type ketoacyl
reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or
have an unusual NAD(P) binding motif and missing or
unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed
within the SDR family include isomerization,
decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction,
dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA
reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction. A
critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK
pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often
an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an
Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser,
contributing to the active site. Substrates for these
enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and
aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is
a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr-151 and
Lys-155, and well as Asn-111 (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 240
Score = 32.9 bits (76), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 11/34 (32%), Positives = 15/34 (44%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
++ LVTGA +G + LA G V R
Sbjct: 1 KVALVTGASRGIGRAIALRLAAEGAKVAVTDRSE 34
>gnl|CDD|187643 cd08939, KDSR-like_SDR_c, 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase
(KDSR) and related proteins, classical (c) SDR. These
proteins include members identified as KDSR, ribitol
type dehydrogenase, and others. The group shows strong
conservation of the active site tetrad and glycine rich
NAD-binding motif of the classical SDRs. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 239
Score = 32.6 bits (75), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 19/56 (33%), Positives = 29/56 (51%), Gaps = 2/56 (3%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYHRGFSQ 61
G+ VL+TG S +G+ L KEL G V+ +AR ++ AV ++E Q
Sbjct: 1 GKHVLITGGSSGIGKALAKELVKEGANVIIVARSESKLE--EAVEEIEAEANASGQ 54
>gnl|CDD|236399 PRK09186, PRK09186, flagellin modification protein A;
Provisional.
Length = 256
Score = 32.7 bits (75), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 17/29 (58%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G+ +L+TGA +G L K + +G V+
Sbjct: 4 GKTILITGAGGLIGSALVKAILEAGGIVI 32
>gnl|CDD|180439 PRK06171, PRK06171, sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 266
Score = 32.7 bits (75), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 15/37 (40%), Positives = 22/37 (59%), Gaps = 3/37 (8%)
Query: 1 MDRWI---GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M W+ G+I++VTG S +G + KEL +G VV
Sbjct: 1 MQDWLNLQGKIIIVTGGSSGIGLAIVKELLANGANVV 37
>gnl|CDD|168574 PRK06484, PRK06484, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 520
Score = 32.5 bits (74), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 16/40 (40%), Positives = 20/40 (50%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
R+VLVTGA +G C+ A +G VV R R R
Sbjct: 5 SRVVLVTGAAGGIGRAACQRFARAGDQVVVADRNVERARE 44
>gnl|CDD|187563 cd05253, UDP_GE_SDE_e, UDP glucuronic acid epimerase, extended
(e) SDRs. This subgroup contains UDP-D-glucuronic acid
4-epimerase, an extended SDR, which catalyzes the
conversion of UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid to
UDP-alpha-D-galacturonic acid. This group has the SDR's
canonical catalytic tetrad and the TGxxGxxG NAD-binding
motif of the extended SDRs. Extended SDRs are distinct
from classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 332
Score = 31.9 bits (73), Expect = 0.008
Identities = 12/28 (42%), Positives = 16/28 (57%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
+LVTGA +G + K L G VVG+
Sbjct: 3 ILVTGAAGFIGFHVAKRLLERGDEVVGI 30
>gnl|CDD|182531 PRK10538, PRK10538, malonic semialdehyde reductase; Provisional.
Length = 248
Score = 31.7 bits (72), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 21/38 (55%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
IVLVTGA + GE + + G V+ RR+ R++
Sbjct: 2 IVLVTGATAGFGECITRRFIQQGHKVIATGRRQERLQE 39
>gnl|CDD|188170 TIGR01832, kduD, 2-deoxy-D-gluconate 3-dehydrogenase. This model
describes 2-deoxy-D-gluconate 3-dehydrogenase (also
called 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate oxidoreductase), a
member of the family of short-chain-alcohol
dehydrogenases (pfam00106). This protein has been
characterized in Erwinia chrysanthemi as an enzyme of
pectin degradation [Energy metabolism, Biosynthesis and
degradation of polysaccharides].
Length = 248
Score = 31.7 bits (72), Expect = 0.010
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 21/34 (61%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
G++ LVTGA + LG+ + LA +G +VG R
Sbjct: 5 GKVALVTGANTGLGQGIAVGLAEAGADIVGAGRS 38
>gnl|CDD|187614 cd05356, 17beta-HSD1_like_SDR_c, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenases (17beta-HSDs) types -1, -3, and -12,
-like, classical (c) SDRs. This subgroup includes
various 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and
3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase, these are members of the SDR
family, and contain the canonical active site tetrad
and glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the classical
SDRs. 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase (KAR, aka 17beta-HSD
type 12, encoded by HSD17B12) acts in fatty acid
elongation; 17beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are
isozymes that catalyze activation and inactivation of
estrogen and androgens, and include members of the SDR
family. 17beta-estradiol dehydrogenase (aka 17beta-HSD
type 1, encoded by HSD17B1) converts estrone to
estradiol. Estradiol is the predominant female sex
hormone. 17beta-HSD type 3 (aka testosterone
17-beta-dehydrogenase 3, encoded by HSD17B3) catalyses
the reduction of androstenedione to testosterone, it
also accepts estrogens as substrates. This subgroup
also contains a putative steroid dehydrogenase let-767
from Caenorhabditis elegans, mutation in which results
in hypersensitivity to cholesterol limitation. SDRs
are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases
that have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 239
Score = 31.8 bits (73), Expect = 0.010
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 20/35 (57%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
G +VTGA +G+ +ELA G V+ ++R +
Sbjct: 1 GTWAVVTGATDGIGKAYAEELAKRGFNVILISRTQ 35
>gnl|CDD|180823 PRK07074, PRK07074, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 257
Score = 31.7 bits (72), Expect = 0.010
Identities = 11/34 (32%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
R LVTGA +G+ L + +G V+ L
Sbjct: 3 RTALVTGAAGGIGQALARRFLAAGDRVLALDIDA 36
>gnl|CDD|187611 cd05353, hydroxyacyl-CoA-like_DH_SDR_c-like, (3R)-hydroxyacyl-CoA
dehydrogenase-like, classical(c)-like SDRs. Beta
oxidation of fatty acids in eukaryotes occurs by a
four-reaction cycle, that may take place in
mitochondria or in peroxisomes. (3R)-hydroxyacyl-CoA
dehydrogenase is part of rat peroxisomal
multifunctional MFE-2, it is a member of the
NAD-dependent SDRs, but contains an additional small
C-terminal domain that completes the active site pocket
and participates in dimerization. The atypical,
additional C-terminal extension allows for more
extensive dimerization contact than other SDRs. MFE-2
catalyzes the second and third reactions of the
peroxisomal beta oxidation cycle. Proteins in this
subgroup have a typical catalytic triad, but have a His
in place of the usual upstream Asn. This subgroup also
contains members identified as 17-beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenases, including human peroxisomal
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 4 (17beta-HSD
type 4, aka MFE-2, encoded by HSD17B4 gene) which is
involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation and steroid
metabolism. This subgroup also includes two SDR domains
of the Neurospora crassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
multifunctional beta-oxidation protein (MFP, aka Fox2).
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 250
Score = 31.5 bits (72), Expect = 0.010
Identities = 14/29 (48%), Positives = 15/29 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
GR+VLVTGA LG A G VV
Sbjct: 5 GRVVLVTGAGGGLGRAYALAFAERGAKVV 33
>gnl|CDD|187585 cd05324, carb_red_PTCR-like_SDR_c, Porcine testicular carbonyl
reductase (PTCR)-like, classical (c) SDRs. PTCR is a
classical SDR which catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of ketones on steroids and prostaglandins.
Unlike most SDRs, PTCR functions as a monomer. This
subgroup also includes human carbonyl reductase 1
(CBR1) and CBR3. CBR1 is an NADPH-dependent SDR with
broad substrate specificity and may be responsible for
the in vivo reduction of quinones, prostaglandins, and
other carbonyl-containing compounds. In addition it
includes poppy NADPH-dependent salutaridine reductase
which catalyzes the stereospecific reduction of
salutaridine to 7(S)-salutaridinol in the biosynthesis
of morphine, and Arabidopsis SDR1,a menthone reductase,
which catalyzes the reduction of menthone to
neomenthol, a compound with antimicrobial activity;
SDR1 can also carry out neomenthol oxidation. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the
Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138,
15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH
numbering) contributing to the active site; while
substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which
determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism
is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay
involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule
stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have
additional elements in the C-terminal region, and
typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase
domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG
NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif
(YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 225
Score = 31.8 bits (73), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 15/43 (34%), Positives = 24/43 (55%), Gaps = 1/43 (2%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSG-LTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
++ LVTGA +G + ++LA SG TV+ AR R + +
Sbjct: 1 KVALVTGANRGIGFEIVRQLAKSGPGTVILTARDVERGQAAVE 43
>gnl|CDD|224011 COG1086, COG1086, Predicted nucleoside-diphosphate sugar epimerases
[Cell envelope biogenesis, outer membrane / Carbohydrate
transport and metabolism].
Length = 588
Score = 31.5 bits (72), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 10/25 (40%), Positives = 15/25 (60%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSG 30
G+ VLVTG S+G LC+++
Sbjct: 250 GKTVLVTGGGGSIGSELCRQILKFN 274
>gnl|CDD|187599 cd05340, Ycik_SDR_c, Escherichia coli K-12 YCIK-like, classical
(c) SDRs. Escherichia coli K-12 YCIK and related
proteins have a canonical classical SDR
nucleotide-binding motif and active site tetrad. They
are predicted oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein/ACP)
reductases. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 236
Score = 31.8 bits (72), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 15/40 (37%), Positives = 21/40 (52%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
RI+LVTGA +G A G TV+ L R ++R+
Sbjct: 4 DRIILVTGASDGIGREAALTYARYGATVILLGRNEEKLRQ 43
>gnl|CDD|212494 cd08946, SDR_e, extended (e) SDRs. Extended SDRs are distinct
from classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 200
Score = 31.5 bits (72), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 11/31 (35%), Positives = 15/31 (48%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
+LVTG +G L + L G VV + R
Sbjct: 1 ILVTGGAGFIGSHLVRRLLERGHEVVVIDRL 31
>gnl|CDD|187600 cd05341, 3beta-17beta-HSD_like_SDR_c, 3beta17beta hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase-like, classical (c) SDRs. This subgroup
includes members identified as 3beta17beta
hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 20beta hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase, and R-alcohol dehydrogenase. These
proteins exhibit the canonical active site tetrad and
glycine rich NAD(P)-binding motif of the classical
SDRs. 17beta-dehydrogenases are a group of isozymes
that catalyze activation and inactivation of estrogen
and androgens, and include members of the SDR family.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 247
Score = 31.6 bits (72), Expect = 0.012
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 14/29 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ +VTG LG + L G VV
Sbjct: 5 GKVAIVTGGARGLGLAHARLLVAEGAKVV 33
>gnl|CDD|235500 PRK05557, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Validated.
Length = 248
Score = 31.3 bits (72), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 17/29 (58%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ LVTGA +G + + LA G VV
Sbjct: 5 GKVALVTGASRGIGRAIAERLAAQGANVV 33
>gnl|CDD|235933 PRK07097, PRK07097, gluconate 5-dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 265
Score = 31.2 bits (71), Expect = 0.016
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 18/29 (62%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G+I L+TGA +G + K A +G T+V
Sbjct: 10 GKIALITGASYGIGFAIAKAYAKAGATIV 38
>gnl|CDD|183489 PRK12384, PRK12384, sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 259
Score = 31.2 bits (71), Expect = 0.016
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 14/29 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++ +V G +LG LC LA G V
Sbjct: 2 NQVAVVIGGGQTLGAFLCHGLAEEGYRVA 30
>gnl|CDD|236207 PRK08261, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 450
Score = 31.0 bits (71), Expect = 0.016
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 18/31 (58%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
G++ LVTGA +G + + LA G VV L
Sbjct: 210 GKVALVTGAARGIGAAIAEVLARDGAHVVCL 240
>gnl|CDD|187554 cd05243, SDR_a5, atypical (a) SDRs, subgroup 5. This subgroup
contains atypical SDRs, some of which are identified as
putative NAD(P)-dependent epimerases, one as a putative
NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase. Atypical SDRs are
distinct from classical SDRs. Members of this subgroup
have a glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif that is very
similar to the extended SDRs, GXXGXXG, and binds NADP.
Generally, this subgroup has poor conservation of the
active site tetrad; however, individual sequences do
contain matches to the YXXXK active site motif, the
upstream Ser, and there is a highly conserved Asp in
place of the usual active site Asn throughout the
subgroup. Atypical SDRs generally lack the catalytic
residues characteristic of the SDRs, and their
glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often different
from the forms normally seen in classical or extended
SDRs. Atypical SDRs include biliverdin IX beta
reductase (BVR-B,aka flavin reductase), NMRa (a
negative transcriptional regulator of various fungi),
progesterone 5-beta-reductase like proteins,
phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and
pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene
synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane
reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor
binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 203
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.020
Identities = 12/37 (32%), Positives = 17/37 (45%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
VLV GA +G + +EL G V L R + +
Sbjct: 2 VLVVGATGKVGRHVVRELLDRGYQVRALVRDPSQAEK 38
>gnl|CDD|216461 pfam01370, Epimerase, NAD dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.
This family of proteins utilise NAD as a cofactor. The
proteins in this family use nucleotide-sugar substrates
for a variety of chemical reactions.
Length = 233
Score = 30.7 bits (70), Expect = 0.026
Identities = 13/35 (37%), Positives = 17/35 (48%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
+LVTG +G L + L G V+ L RRR
Sbjct: 1 ILVTGGTGFIGSHLVRRLLQEGYEVIVLGRRRRSE 35
>gnl|CDD|215720 pfam00106, adh_short, short chain dehydrogenase. This family
contains a wide variety of dehydrogenases.
Length = 167
Score = 30.2 bits (69), Expect = 0.028
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
VL+TG LG L + LA G + L RR
Sbjct: 1 GTVLITGGTGGLGLALARWLAAEGARHLVLVSRR 34
>gnl|CDD|223774 COG0702, COG0702, Predicted nucleoside-diphosphate-sugar
epimerases [Cell envelope biogenesis, outer membrane /
Carbohydrate transport and metabolism].
Length = 275
Score = 30.3 bits (68), Expect = 0.031
Identities = 12/46 (26%), Positives = 17/46 (36%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEF 54
+LVTGA +G + +EL G V R +V
Sbjct: 3 ILVTGATGFVGGAVVRELLARGHEVRAAVRNPEAAAALAGGVEVVL 48
>gnl|CDD|187616 cd05358, GlcDH_SDR_c, glucose 1 dehydrogenase (GlcDH), classical
(c) SDRs. GlcDH, is a tetrameric member of the SDR
family, it catalyzes the NAD(P)-dependent oxidation of
beta-D-glucose to D-glucono-delta-lactone. GlcDH has a
typical NAD-binding site glycine-rich pattern as well
as the canonical active site tetrad (YXXXK motif plus
upstream Ser and Asn). SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 253
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.032
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 19/29 (65%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ LVTGA S +G+ + LA +G VV
Sbjct: 3 GKVALVTGASSGIGKAIAIRLATAGANVV 31
>gnl|CDD|187598 cd05339, 17beta-HSDXI-like_SDR_c, human 17-beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase XI-like, classical (c) SDRs.
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17betaHSD) are a
group of isozymes that catalyze activation and
inactivation of estrogen and androgens. 17betaHSD type
XI, a classical SDR, preferentially converts
3alpha-adiol to androsterone but not numerous other
tested steroids. This subgroup of classical SDRs also
includes members identified as retinol dehydrogenases,
which convert retinol to retinal, a property that
overlaps with 17betaHSD activity. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 243
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 0.032
Identities = 13/27 (48%), Positives = 15/27 (55%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
IVL+TG S +G L E A G VV
Sbjct: 1 IVLITGGGSGIGRLLALEFAKRGAKVV 27
>gnl|CDD|237218 PRK12825, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 249
Score = 30.2 bits (69), Expect = 0.034
Identities = 19/52 (36%), Positives = 23/52 (44%), Gaps = 1/52 (1%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYHR 57
GR+ LVTGA LG + LA +G VV + R V VE R
Sbjct: 6 GRVALVTGAARGLGRAIALRLARAGADVV-VHYRSDEEAAEELVEAVEALGR 56
>gnl|CDD|187602 cd05344, BKR_like_SDR_like, putative beta-ketoacyl acyl carrier
protein [ACP] reductase (BKR)-like, SDR. This subgroup
resembles the SDR family, but does not have a perfect
match to the NAD-binding motif or the catalytic tetrad
characteristic of the SDRs. It includes the SDRs,
Q9HYA2 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and APE0912
from Aeropyrum pernix K1. BKR catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of ACP in the first reductive
step of de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS). FAS
consists of four elongation steps, which are repeated
to extend the fatty acid chain through the addition of
two-carbo units from malonyl acyl-carrier protein
(ACP): condensation, reduction, dehydration, and a
final reduction. Type II FAS, typical of plants and
many bacteria, maintains these activities on discrete
polypeptides, while type I FAS utilizes one or two
multifunctional polypeptides. BKR resembles enoyl
reductase, which catalyzes the second reduction step in
FAS. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 253
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 0.035
Identities = 15/41 (36%), Positives = 22/41 (53%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRS 46
G++ LVT A S +G + + LA G V AR R + R+
Sbjct: 1 GKVALVTAASSGIGLAIARALAREGARVAICARNRENLERA 41
>gnl|CDD|237100 PRK12429, PRK12429, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 258
Score = 30.2 bits (69), Expect = 0.037
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 17/29 (58%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ LVTGA S +G + LA G VV
Sbjct: 4 GKVALVTGAASGIGLEIALALAKEGAKVV 32
>gnl|CDD|180399 PRK06101, PRK06101, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 240
Score = 30.2 bits (68), Expect = 0.038
Identities = 12/32 (37%), Positives = 18/32 (56%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
VL+TGA S +G+ L + A G V+ R +
Sbjct: 4 VLITGATSGIGKQLALDYAKQGWQVIACGRNQ 35
>gnl|CDD|180993 PRK07478, PRK07478, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 254
Score = 29.9 bits (68), Expect = 0.039
Identities = 16/41 (39%), Positives = 22/41 (53%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
M R G++ ++TGA S +G K A G VV ARR+
Sbjct: 1 MMRLNGKVAIITGASSGIGRAAAKLFAREGAKVVVGARRQA 41
>gnl|CDD|187640 cd08935, mannonate_red_SDR_c, putative D-mannonate
oxidoreductase, classical (c) SDR. D-mannonate
oxidoreductase catalyzes the NAD-dependent
interconversion of D-mannonate and D-fructuronate. This
subgroup includes Bacillus subtitils UxuB/YjmF, a
putative D-mannonate oxidoreductase; the B. subtilis
UxuB gene is part of a putative ten-gene operon (the
Yjm operon) involved in hexuronate catabolism.
Escherichia coli UxuB does not belong to this subgroup.
This subgroup has a canonical active site tetrad and a
typical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 271
Score = 30.1 bits (68), Expect = 0.041
Identities = 10/38 (26%), Positives = 19/38 (50%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
++ ++TG LG + + LA +G V L R + +
Sbjct: 5 NKVAVITGGTGVLGGAMARALAQAGAKVAALGRNQEKG 42
>gnl|CDD|188169 TIGR01829, AcAcCoA_reduct, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase. This model
represent acetoacetyl-CoA reductase, a member of the
family short-chain-alcohol dehydrogenases. Note that,
despite the precision implied by the enzyme name, the
reaction of EC 1.1.1.36 is defined more generally as
(R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH.
Members of this family may act in the biosynthesis of
poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (e.g. Rhizobium meliloti) and
related poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoates. Note that the
member of this family from Azospirillum brasilense,
designated NodG, appears to lack acetoacetyl-CoA
reductase activity and to act instead in the production
of nodulation factor. This family is downgraded to
subfamily for this NodG. Other proteins designated
NodG, as from Rhizobium, belong to related but distinct
protein families.
Length = 242
Score = 30.1 bits (68), Expect = 0.046
Identities = 12/28 (42%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
RI LVTG +G +C+ LA G V
Sbjct: 1 RIALVTGGMGGIGTAICQRLAKDGYRVA 28
>gnl|CDD|187548 cd05237, UDP_invert_4-6DH_SDR_e, UDP-Glcnac (UDP-linked
N-acetylglucosamine) inverting 4,6-dehydratase,
extended (e) SDRs. UDP-Glcnac inverting
4,6-dehydratase was identified in Helicobacter pylori
as the hexameric flaA1 gene product (FlaA1). FlaA1 is
hexameric, possesses UDP-GlcNAc-inverting
4,6-dehydratase activity, and catalyzes the first step
in the creation of a pseudaminic acid derivative in
protein glycosylation. Although this subgroup has the
NADP-binding motif characteristic of extended SDRs, its
members tend to have a Met substituted for the active
site Tyr found in most SDR families. Extended SDRs are
distinct from classical SDRs. In addition to the
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet) core region typical of all SDRs,
extended SDRs have a less conserved C-terminal
extension of approximately 100 amino acids. Extended
SDRs are a diverse collection of proteins, and include
isomerases, epimerases, oxidoreductases, and lyases;
they typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold, an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Sequence identity between different
SDR enzymes is typically in the 15-30% range; they
catalyze a wide range of activities including the
metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates,
lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in
redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG
cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif,
with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving
as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase numbering). In
addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream
Ser and/or an Asn, contributing to the active site;
while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region,
which determines specificity. The standard reaction
mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton
relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water
molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical
SDRs generally lack the catalytic residues
characteristic of the SDRs, and their glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif is often different from the forms
normally seen in classical or extended SDRs. Complex
(multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of
fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif
and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type
ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding
motif.
Length = 287
Score = 29.9 bits (68), Expect = 0.050
Identities = 8/22 (36%), Positives = 14/22 (63%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELA 27
G+ +LVTG S+G L +++
Sbjct: 2 GKTILVTGGAGSIGSELVRQIL 23
>gnl|CDD|180802 PRK07035, PRK07035, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 252
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.051
Identities = 15/34 (44%), Positives = 21/34 (61%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
G+I LVTGA +GE + K LA G V+ +R+
Sbjct: 8 GKIALVTGASRGIGEAIAKLLAQQGAHVIVSSRK 41
>gnl|CDD|213929 TIGR04316, dhbA_paeA, 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate
dehydrogenase. Members of this family are
2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase (EC
1.3.1.28), the third enzyme in the biosynthesis of
2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) from chorismate. The
first two enzymes are isochorismate synthase (EC
5.4.4.2) and isochorismatase (EC 3.3.2.1). Synthesis is
often followed by adenylation by the enzyme DHBA-AMP
ligase (EC 2.7.7.58) to activate (DHB) for a
non-ribosomal peptide synthetase.
Length = 250
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.051
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 18/34 (52%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
VLVTGA +G + + LA +G V + R +
Sbjct: 1 VLVTGAAQGIGYAVARALAEAGARVAAVDRNFEQ 34
>gnl|CDD|187628 cd05370, SDR_c2, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 2. Short-chain
dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs, aka Tyrosine-dependent
oxidoreductases) are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 228
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.058
Identities = 14/38 (36%), Positives = 21/38 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
G VL+TG S +G L ++ +G TV+ RR R+
Sbjct: 5 GNTVLITGGTSGIGLALARKFLEAGNTVIITGRREERL 42
>gnl|CDD|180408 PRK06114, PRK06114, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 254
Score = 29.7 bits (67), Expect = 0.058
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 18/34 (52%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
G++ VTGA S +G+ + LA +G V R
Sbjct: 8 GQVAFVTGAGSGIGQRIAIGLAQAGADVALFDLR 41
>gnl|CDD|235702 PRK06124, PRK06124, gluconate 5-dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 256
Score = 29.7 bits (67), Expect = 0.059
Identities = 13/43 (30%), Positives = 22/43 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
G++ LVTG+ LG + + LA +G V+ R + + A
Sbjct: 11 GQVALVTGSARGLGFEIARALAGAGAHVLVNGRNAATLEAAVA 53
>gnl|CDD|183833 PRK12939, PRK12939, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 250
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 0.073
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G+ LVTGA LG + LA +G TV
Sbjct: 7 GKRALVTGAARGLGAAFAEALAEAGATVA 35
>gnl|CDD|236190 PRK08220, PRK08220, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-2,3-dehydrogenase;
Validated.
Length = 252
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 0.075
Identities = 10/37 (27%), Positives = 16/37 (43%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G+ V VTGA +G + +G V+G +
Sbjct: 8 GKTVWVTGAAQGIGYAVALAFVEAGAKVIGFDQAFLT 44
>gnl|CDD|237219 PRK12827, PRK12827, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 249
Score = 29.3 bits (66), Expect = 0.076
Identities = 15/50 (30%), Positives = 19/50 (38%), Gaps = 2/50 (4%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR--RRHRVRRSTAVPKVE 53
R VL+TG LG + LA G V+ L R R +E
Sbjct: 6 SRRVLITGGSGGLGRAIAVRLAADGADVIVLDIHPMRGRAEADAVAAGIE 55
>gnl|CDD|187669 cd09809, human_WWOX_like_SDR_c-like, human WWOX (WW
domain-containing oxidoreductase)-like, classical
(c)-like SDRs. Classical-like SDR domain of human WWOX
and related proteins. Proteins in this subfamily share
the glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the classical
SDRs, have a partial match to the canonical active site
tetrad, but lack the typical active site Ser. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 284
Score = 29.1 bits (65), Expect = 0.088
Identities = 12/37 (32%), Positives = 20/37 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
G+++++TGA S +G + AL G V+ R R
Sbjct: 1 GKVIIITGANSGIGFETARSFALHGAHVILACRNMSR 37
>gnl|CDD|236357 PRK08945, PRK08945, putative oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein)
reductase; Provisional.
Length = 247
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 0.093
Identities = 14/33 (42%), Positives = 17/33 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
RI+LVTGA +G A G TV+ L R
Sbjct: 12 DRIILVTGAGDGIGREAALTYARHGATVILLGR 44
>gnl|CDD|187568 cd05258, CDP_TE_SDR_e, CDP-tyvelose 2-epimerase, extended (e)
SDRs. CDP-tyvelose 2-epimerase is a tetrameric SDR
that catalyzes the conversion of CDP-D-paratose to
CDP-D-tyvelose, the last step in tyvelose biosynthesis.
This subgroup is a member of the extended SDR
subfamily, with a characteristic active site tetrad and
NAD-binding motif. Extended SDRs are distinct from
classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 337
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.10
Identities = 15/56 (26%), Positives = 22/56 (39%), Gaps = 8/56 (14%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVG---LARR-----RHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYH 56
VL+TG +G L + G V+G L RR ++ + V F H
Sbjct: 3 VLITGGAGFIGSNLARFFLKQGWEVIGFDNLMRRGSFGNLAWLKANREDGGVRFVH 58
>gnl|CDD|187629 cd05371, HSD10-like_SDR_c, 17hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10
(HSD10)-like, classical (c) SDRs. HSD10, also known as
amyloid-peptide-binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD),
was previously identified as a L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, HADH2. In fatty acid metabolism, HADH2
catalyzes the third step of beta-oxidation, the
conversion of a hydroxyl to a keto group in the
NAD-dependent oxidation of L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA. In
addition to alcohol dehydrogenase and HADH2 activites,
HSD10 has steroid dehydrogenase activity. Although the
mechanism is unclear, HSD10 is implicated in the
formation of amyloid beta-petide in the brain (which is
linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease).
Although HSD10 is normally concentrated in the
mitochondria, in the presence of amyloid beta-peptide
it translocates into the plasma membrane, where it's
action may generate cytotoxic aldehydes and may lower
estrogen levels through its use of 17-beta-estradiol as
a substrate. HSD10 is a member of the SRD family, but
differs from other SDRs by the presence of two
insertions of unknown function. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 252
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.10
Identities = 13/52 (25%), Positives = 17/52 (32%), Gaps = 1/52 (1%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR-STAVPKVEFYH 56
G + +VTG S LG + L G VV L + F
Sbjct: 2 GLVAVVTGGASGLGLATVERLLAQGAKVVILDLPNSPGETVAKLGDNCRFVP 53
>gnl|CDD|187649 cd08945, PKR_SDR_c, Polyketide ketoreductase, classical (c) SDR.
Polyketide ketoreductase (KR) is a classical SDR with a
characteristic NAD-binding pattern and active site
tetrad. Aromatic polyketides include various aromatic
compounds of pharmaceutical interest. Polyketide KR,
part of the type II polyketide synthase (PKS) complex,
is comprised of stand-alone domains that resemble the
domains found in fatty acid synthase and multidomain
type I PKS. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 258
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 0.10
Identities = 13/38 (34%), Positives = 18/38 (47%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
+ LVTGA S +G + + L GL V AR +
Sbjct: 4 EVALVTGATSGIGLAIARRLGKEGLRVFVCARGEEGLA 41
>gnl|CDD|223528 COG0451, WcaG, Nucleoside-diphosphate-sugar epimerases [Cell
envelope biogenesis, outer membrane / Carbohydrate
transport and metabolism].
Length = 314
Score = 28.8 bits (64), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 21/48 (43%), Gaps = 2/48 (4%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYH 56
+LVTG +G L + L +G V GL R R + VEF
Sbjct: 3 ILVTGGAGFIGSHLVERLLAAGHDVRGLD--RLRDGLDPLLSGVEFVV 48
>gnl|CDD|187543 cd05232, UDP_G4E_4_SDR_e, UDP-glucose 4 epimerase, subgroup 4,
extended (e) SDRs. UDP-glucose 4 epimerase (aka
UDP-galactose-4-epimerase), is a homodimeric extended
SDR. It catalyzes the NAD-dependent conversion of
UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose, the final step in Leloir
galactose synthesis. This subgroup is comprised of
bacterial proteins, and includes the Staphylococcus
aureus capsular polysaccharide Cap5N, which may have a
role in the synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-d-fucosamine.
This subgroup has the characteristic active site tetrad
and NAD-binding motif of the extended SDRs. Extended
SDRs are distinct from classical SDRs. In addition to
the Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet) core region typical of all SDRs,
extended SDRs have a less conserved C-terminal
extension of approximately 100 amino acids. Extended
SDRs are a diverse collection of proteins, and include
isomerases, epimerases, oxidoreductases, and lyases;
they typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold, an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Sequence identity between different
SDR enzymes is typically in the 15-30% range; they
catalyze a wide range of activities including the
metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates,
lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in
redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG
cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif,
with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving
as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase numbering). In
addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream
Ser and/or an Asn, contributing to the active site;
while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region,
which determines specificity. The standard reaction
mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton
relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water
molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical
SDRs generally lack the catalytic residues
characteristic of the SDRs, and their glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif is often different from the forms
normally seen in classical or extended SDRs. Complex
(multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of
fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif
and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type
ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding
motif.
Length = 303
Score = 28.9 bits (65), Expect = 0.11
Identities = 12/32 (37%), Positives = 14/32 (43%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
VLVTGA +G L +L G V R
Sbjct: 2 VLVTGANGFIGRALVDKLLSRGEEVRIAVRNA 33
>gnl|CDD|235975 PRK07231, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 251
Score = 28.6 bits (65), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 14/40 (35%), Positives = 20/40 (50%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
G++ +VTGA S +GE + + A G VV R R
Sbjct: 5 GKVAIVTGASSGIGEGIARRFAAEGARVVVTDRNEEAAER 44
>gnl|CDD|187584 cd05323, ADH_SDR_c_like, insect type alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH)-like, classical (c) SDRs. This subgroup contains
insect type ADH, and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) type I; these proteins are
classical SDRs. ADH catalyzes the NAD+-dependent
oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes/ketones. This
subgroup is distinct from the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, and evolved in fruit
flies to allow the digestion of fermenting fruit.
15-PGDH catalyzes the NAD-dependent interconversion of
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,
15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate and
(5Z,13E)-11alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate, and
has a typical SDR glycine-rich NAD-binding motif, which
is not fully present in ADH. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 244
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 10/32 (31%), Positives = 13/32 (40%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
++TG S +G K L G V L R
Sbjct: 3 AIITGGASGIGLATAKLLLKKGAKVAILDRNE 34
>gnl|CDD|181517 PRK08642, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 253
Score = 28.5 bits (64), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 14/28 (50%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
+ VLVTG LG + + A G VV
Sbjct: 6 QTVLVTGGSRGLGAAIARAFAREGARVV 33
>gnl|CDD|187607 cd05349, BKR_2_SDR_c, putative beta-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein
[ACP]reductase (BKR), subgroup 2, classical (c) SDR.
This subgroup includes Rhizobium sp. NGR234 FabG1. The
Escherichai coli K12 BKR, FabG, belongs to a different
subgroup. BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction
of ACP in the first reductive step of de novo fatty
acid synthesis (FAS). FAS consists of four elongation
steps, which are repeated to extend the fatty acid
chain through the addition of two-carbo units from
malonyl acyl-carrier protein (ACP): condensation,
reduction, dehydration, and a final reduction. Type II
FAS, typical of plants and many bacteria, maintains
these activities on discrete polypeptides, while type I
FAS utilizes one or two multifunctional polypeptides.
BKR resembles enoyl reductase, which catalyzes the
second reduction step in FAS. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 246
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 12/28 (42%), Positives = 16/28 (57%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++VLVTGA LG + + A G VV
Sbjct: 1 QVVLVTGASRGLGAAIARSFAREGARVV 28
>gnl|CDD|212495 cd09807, retinol-DH_like_SDR_c, retinol dehydrogenases
(retinol-DHs), classical (c) SDRs. Classical SDR-like
subgroup containing retinol-DHs and related proteins.
Retinol is processed by a medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase followed by retinol-DHs. Proteins in this
subfamily share the glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of
the classical SDRs, have a partial match to the
canonical active site tetrad, but lack the typical
active site Ser. This subgroup includes the human
proteins: retinol dehydrogenase -12, -13 ,and -14. SDRs
are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases
that have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 274
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 15/49 (30%), Positives = 25/49 (51%), Gaps = 7/49 (14%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR-------VRRST 47
G+ V++TGA + +G+ +ELA G V+ R + +RR T
Sbjct: 1 GKTVIITGANTGIGKETARELARRGARVIMACRDMAKCEEAAAEIRRDT 49
>gnl|CDD|237079 PRK12367, PRK12367, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 245
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 19/33 (57%)
Query: 4 WIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
W G+ + +TGA +LG+ L K G V+GL
Sbjct: 12 WQGKRIGITGASGALGKALTKAFRAKGAKVIGL 44
>gnl|CDD|211705 TIGR01963, PHB_DH, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. This model
represents a subfamily of the short chain
dehydrogenases. Characterized members so far as
3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases and are found in
species that accumulate ester polmers called
polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (PHAs) under certain
conditions. Several members of the family are from
species not known to accumulate PHAs, including
Oceanobacillus iheyensis and Bacillus subtilis.
However, polymer formation is not required for there be
a role for 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase; it may be
members of this family have the same function in those
species.
Length = 255
Score = 28.5 bits (64), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 18/29 (62%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G+ LVTGA S +G + + LA +G VV
Sbjct: 1 GKTALVTGAASGIGLAIARALAAAGANVV 29
>gnl|CDD|187624 cd05366, meso-BDH-like_SDR_c, meso-2,3-butanediol
dehydrogenase-like, classical (c) SDRs. 2,3-butanediol
dehydrogenases (BDHs) catalyze the NAD+ dependent
conversion of 2,3-butanediol to acetonin; BDHs are
classified into types according to their
stereospecificity as to substrates and products.
Included in this subgroup are Klebsiella pneumonia
meso-BDH which catalyzes meso-2,3-butanediol to
D(-)-acetonin, and Corynebacterium glutamicum L-BDH
which catalyzes lX+)-2,3-butanediol to L(+)-acetonin.
This subgroup is comprised of classical SDRs with the
characteristic catalytic triad and NAD-binding motif.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 257
Score = 28.5 bits (64), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 8/29 (27%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++ ++TGA +G + + LA G +V
Sbjct: 2 SKVAIITGAAQGIGRAIAERLAADGFNIV 30
>gnl|CDD|176234 cd08273, MDR8, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 331
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 19/48 (39%), Positives = 26/48 (54%), Gaps = 4/48 (8%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELA-LSGLTVVGLARRRHR--VRRSTAVP 50
G+ VL+ GA +G+ L ELA L+G V G A R+ +R A P
Sbjct: 140 GQRVLIHGASGGVGQALL-ELALLAGAEVYGTASERNHAALRELGATP 186
>gnl|CDD|236094 PRK07774, PRK07774, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 250
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 20/34 (58%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M R+ ++ +VTGA +G+ + LA G +VV
Sbjct: 1 MGRFDDKVAIVTGAAGGIGQAYAEALAREGASVV 34
>gnl|CDD|235737 PRK06197, PRK06197, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 306
Score = 28.5 bits (64), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 16/34 (47%), Positives = 19/34 (55%), Gaps = 1/34 (2%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
GR+ +VTGA + LG LA G VV LA R
Sbjct: 16 GRVAVVTGANTGLGYETAAALAAKGAHVV-LAVR 48
>gnl|CDD|235630 PRK05865, PRK05865, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 854
Score = 28.5 bits (63), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 15/32 (46%), Positives = 17/32 (53%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
+ VTGA LG L L G VVG+AR R
Sbjct: 3 IAVTGASGVLGRGLTARLLSQGHEVVGIARHR 34
>gnl|CDD|181120 PRK07792, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 306
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 17/29 (58%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ +VTGA + LG LA G TVV
Sbjct: 12 GKVAVVTGAAAGLGRAEALGLARLGATVV 40
>gnl|CDD|187579 cd05271, NDUFA9_like_SDR_a, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1
alpha subcomplex, subunit 9, 39 kDa, (NDUFA9) -like,
atypical (a) SDRs. This subgroup of extended SDR-like
proteins are atypical SDRs. They have a glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif similar to the typical SDRs,
GXXGXXG, and have the YXXXK active site motif (though
not the other residues of the SDR tetrad). Members
identified include NDUFA9 (mitochondrial) and putative
nucleoside-diphosphate-sugar epimerase. Atypical SDRs
generally lack the catalytic residues characteristic of
the SDRs, and their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif
is often different from the forms normally seen in
classical or extended SDRs. Atypical SDRs include
biliverdin IX beta reductase (BVR-B,aka flavin
reductase), NMRa (a negative transcriptional regulator
of various fungi), progesterone 5-beta-reductase like
proteins, phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and
pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene
synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane
reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor
binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 273
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.16
Identities = 12/37 (32%), Positives = 15/37 (40%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
V V GA +G + LA G V+ R RR
Sbjct: 3 VTVFGATGFIGRYVVNRLAKRGSQVIVPYRCEAYARR 39
>gnl|CDD|187620 cd05362, THN_reductase-like_SDR_c,
tetrahydroxynaphthalene/trihydroxynaphthalene
reductase-like, classical (c) SDRs.
1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase (4HNR) of
Magnaporthe grisea and the related
1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene reductase (3HNR) are
typical members of the SDR family containing the
canonical glycine rich NAD(P)-binding site and active
site tetrad, and function in fungal melanin
biosynthesis. This subgroup also includes an SDR from
Norway spruce that may function to protect against both
biotic and abitoic stress. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 243
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.17
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 18/29 (62%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ LVTGA +G + K LA G +VV
Sbjct: 3 GKVALVTGASRGIGRAIAKRLARDGASVV 31
>gnl|CDD|187631 cd05373, SDR_c10, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 10. This subgroup
resembles the classical SDRs, but has an incomplete
match to the canonical glycine rich NAD-binding motif
and lacks the typical active site tetrad (instead of
the critical active site Tyr, it has Phe, but contains
the nearby Lys). SDRs are a functionally diverse family
of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 238
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.18
Identities = 11/37 (29%), Positives = 17/37 (45%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
+ V GA LG + + A G +V ARR ++
Sbjct: 1 VAAVVGAGDGLGAAIARRFAAEGFSVALAARREAKLE 37
>gnl|CDD|236040 PRK07523, PRK07523, gluconate 5-dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 255
Score = 28.2 bits (63), Expect = 0.19
Identities = 13/43 (30%), Positives = 21/43 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
GR LVTG+ +G L + LA +G V+ R ++ +
Sbjct: 10 GRRALVTGSSQGIGYALAEGLAQAGAEVILNGRDPAKLAAAAE 52
>gnl|CDD|183797 PRK12859, PRK12859, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 256
Score = 28.2 bits (63), Expect = 0.19
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 19/32 (59%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGAC--SSLGETLCKELALSG 30
M++ ++ +VTG +G +CKELA +G
Sbjct: 1 MNQLKNKVAVVTGVSRLDGIGAAICKELAEAG 32
>gnl|CDD|183775 PRK12826, PRK12826, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Reviewed.
Length = 251
Score = 28.0 bits (63), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 17/35 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
GR+ LVTGA +G + LA G V+ +
Sbjct: 6 GRVALVTGAARGIGRAIAVRLAADGAEVIVVDICG 40
>gnl|CDD|235506 PRK05565, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 247
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 0.21
Identities = 11/33 (33%), Positives = 19/33 (57%)
Query: 2 DRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
+ +G++ +VTGA +G + + LA G VV
Sbjct: 1 MKLMGKVAIVTGASGGIGRAIAELLAKEGAKVV 33
>gnl|CDD|171822 PRK12938, PRK12938, acetyacetyl-CoA reductase; Provisional.
Length = 246
Score = 28.1 bits (62), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
RI VTG +G ++C+ L G VV
Sbjct: 4 RIAYVTGGMGGIGTSICQRLHKDGFKVV 31
>gnl|CDD|187583 cd05322, SDH_SDR_c_like, Sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
(SDH), classical (c) SDRs. Sorbitol 6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (SDH, aka glucitol 6-phosphate
dehydrogenase) catalyzes the NAD-dependent
interconversion of D-fructose 6-phosphate to D-sorbitol
6-phosphate. SDH is a member of the classical SDRs,
with the characteristic catalytic tetrad, but without a
complete match to the typical NAD-binding motif. SDRs
are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases
that have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 257
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 11/29 (37%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++ +V G +LGE LC LA +G V
Sbjct: 2 NQVAVVIGGGQTLGEFLCHGLAEAGYDVA 30
>gnl|CDD|187612 cd05354, SDR_c7, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 7. These proteins
are members of the classical SDR family, with a
canonical active site triad (and also an active site
Asn) and a typical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 235
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.23
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
+ VLVTGA +G+ + L G V A R
Sbjct: 3 DKTVLVTGANRGIGKAFVESLLAHGAKKVYAAVR 36
>gnl|CDD|236116 PRK07856, PRK07856, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 252
Score = 28.0 bits (63), Expect = 0.24
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 19/34 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
GR+VLVTG +G + + +G TVV RR
Sbjct: 6 GRVVLVTGGTRGIGAGIARAFLAAGATVVVCGRR 39
>gnl|CDD|100030 cd02194, ThiL, ThiL (Thiamine-monophosphate kinase) plays a dual
role in de novo biosynthesis and in salvage of exogenous
thiamine. Thiamine salvage occurs in two steps, with
thiamine kinase catalyzing the formation of thiamine
phosphate, and ThiL catalyzing the conversion of this
intermediate to thiamine pyrophosphate. The N-terminal
domain of ThiL binds ATP and is related to the
ATP-binding domains of hydrogen expression/formation
protein HypE, the AIR synthases, FGAM synthase and
selenophosphate synthetase (SelD).
Length = 291
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 0.25
Identities = 10/27 (37%), Positives = 15/27 (55%), Gaps = 1/27 (3%)
Query: 24 KELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVP 50
EL +S +T +G + +RRS A P
Sbjct: 123 SELVIS-VTALGEVEKGKPLRRSGAKP 148
>gnl|CDD|181762 PRK09291, PRK09291, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 257
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 0.25
Identities = 14/35 (40%), Positives = 19/35 (54%), Gaps = 10/35 (28%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
+L+TGA S G +E+AL LAR+ H V
Sbjct: 5 ILITGAGSGFG----REVAL------RLARKGHNV 29
>gnl|CDD|187627 cd05369, TER_DECR_SDR_a, Trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (TER) and
2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (DECR), atypical (a) SDR.
TTER is a peroxisomal protein with a proposed role in
fatty acid elongation. Fatty acid synthesis is known to
occur in the both endoplasmic reticulum and
mitochondria; peroxisomal TER has been proposed as an
additional fatty acid elongation system, it reduces the
double bond at C-2 as the last step of elongation.
This system resembles the mitochondrial system in that
acetyl-CoA is used as a carbon donor. TER may also
function in phytol metabolism, reducting phytenoyl-CoA
to phytanoyl-CoA in peroxisomes. DECR processes double
bonds in fatty acids to increase their utility in fatty
acid metabolism; it reduces 2,4-dienoyl-CoA to an
enoyl-CoA. DECR is active in mitochondria and
peroxisomes. This subgroup has the Gly-rich NAD-binding
motif of the classical SDR family, but does not display
strong identity to the canonical active site tetrad,
and lacks the characteristic Tyr at the usual position.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 249
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 0.26
Identities = 9/40 (22%), Positives = 19/40 (47%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
G++ +TG + +G+ + K A G +V R+ +
Sbjct: 3 GKVAFITGGGTGIGKAIAKAFAELGASVAIAGRKPEVLEA 42
>gnl|CDD|237189 PRK12748, PRK12748, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 256
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 0.27
Identities = 11/30 (36%), Positives = 18/30 (60%), Gaps = 2/30 (6%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGAC--SSLGETLCKELALSGLTV 33
+I LVTGA + +G +C+ LA G+ +
Sbjct: 5 KKIALVTGASRLNGIGAAVCRRLAAKGIDI 34
>gnl|CDD|183773 PRK12824, PRK12824, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase; Provisional.
Length = 245
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.29
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 16/28 (57%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
+I LVTGA +G + +EL G V+
Sbjct: 3 KIALVTGAKRGIGSAIARELLNDGYRVI 30
>gnl|CDD|178263 PLN02657, PLN02657, 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl
reductase.
Length = 390
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.29
Identities = 14/36 (38%), Positives = 21/36 (58%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
VLV GA +G+ + +EL G VV +AR + +R
Sbjct: 63 VLVVGATGYIGKFVVRELVRRGYNVVAVAREKSGIR 98
>gnl|CDD|187586 cd05325, carb_red_sniffer_like_SDR_c, carbonyl reductase
sniffer-like, classical (c) SDRs. Sniffer is an
NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase of the classical SDR
family. Studies in Drosophila melanogaster implicate
Sniffer in the prevention of neurodegeneration due to
aging and oxidative-stress. This subgroup also includes
Rhodococcus sp. AD45 IsoH, which is an NAD-dependent
1-hydroxy-2-glutathionyl-2-methyl-3-butene
dehydrogenase involved in isoprene metabolism,
Aspergillus nidulans StcE encoded by a gene which is
part of a proposed sterigmatocystin biosynthesis gene
cluster, Bacillus circulans SANK 72073 BtrF encoded by
a gene found in the butirosin biosynthesis gene
cluster, and Aspergillus parasiticus nor-1 involved in
the biosynthesis of aflatoxins. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 233
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 12/31 (38%), Positives = 17/31 (54%), Gaps = 1/31 (3%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSG-LTVVGLAR 38
VL+TGA +G L ++L G TV+ R
Sbjct: 1 VLITGASRGIGLELVRQLLARGNNTVIATCR 31
>gnl|CDD|181113 PRK07775, PRK07775, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 274
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 15/33 (45%), Positives = 17/33 (51%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
R LV GA S +G ELA +G V ARR
Sbjct: 11 RPALVAGASSGIGAATAIELAAAGFPVALGARR 43
>gnl|CDD|180371 PRK06057, PRK06057, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 255
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 18/32 (56%)
Query: 3 RWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
R GR+ ++TG S +G + LA G TVV
Sbjct: 4 RLAGRVAVITGGGSGIGLATARRLAAEGATVV 35
>gnl|CDD|235910 PRK07024, PRK07024, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 257
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 0.31
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 20/34 (58%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
V +TGA S +G+ L +E A G T+ +ARR
Sbjct: 4 KVFITGASSGIGQALAREYARQGATLGLVARRTD 37
>gnl|CDD|187572 cd05262, SDR_a7, atypical (a) SDRs, subgroup 7. This subgroup
contains atypical SDRs of unknown function. Members of
this subgroup have a glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif
consensus that matches the extended SDRs, TGXXGXXG, but
lacks the characteristic active site residues of the
SDRs. This subgroup has basic residues (HXXXR) in place
of the active site motif YXXXK, these may have a
catalytic role. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Atypical SDRs include biliverdin IX beta
reductase (BVR-B,aka flavin reductase), NMRa (a
negative transcriptional regulator of various fungi),
progesterone 5-beta-reductase like proteins,
phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and
pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene
synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane
reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor
binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 291
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 0.32
Identities = 15/30 (50%), Positives = 19/30 (63%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
V VTGA +G + +EL +G VVGLAR
Sbjct: 3 VFVTGATGFIGSAVVRELVAAGHEVVGLAR 32
>gnl|CDD|187664 cd09763, DHRS1-like_SDR_c, human dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR
family) member 1 (DHRS1) -like, classical (c) SDRs.
This subgroup includes human DHRS1 and related
proteins. These are members of the classical SDR
family, with a canonical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif
and the typical YXXXK active site motif. However, the
rest of the catalytic tetrad is not strongly conserved.
DHRS1 mRNA has been detected in many tissues, liver,
heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas; a longer
transcript is predominantly expressed in the liver , a
shorter one in the heart. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 265
Score = 27.4 bits (61), Expect = 0.35
Identities = 12/28 (42%), Positives = 17/28 (60%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTV 33
G+I LVTGA +G + +L +G TV
Sbjct: 3 GKIALVTGASRGIGRGIALQLGEAGATV 30
>gnl|CDD|181721 PRK09242, PRK09242, tropinone reductase; Provisional.
Length = 257
Score = 27.4 bits (61), Expect = 0.35
Identities = 13/38 (34%), Positives = 20/38 (52%), Gaps = 2/38 (5%)
Query: 3 RWI--GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
RW G+ L+TGA +G + +E G V+ +AR
Sbjct: 4 RWRLDGQTALITGASKGIGLAIAREFLGLGADVLIVAR 41
>gnl|CDD|181508 PRK08628, PRK08628, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 258
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.38
Identities = 11/33 (33%), Positives = 16/33 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
++V+VTG S +G + LA G V R
Sbjct: 7 DKVVIVTGGASGIGAAISLRLAEEGAIPVIFGR 39
>gnl|CDD|180983 PRK07453, PRK07453, protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase;
Validated.
Length = 322
Score = 27.3 bits (61), Expect = 0.38
Identities = 12/37 (32%), Positives = 17/37 (45%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
V++TGA S +G K LA G V+ R +
Sbjct: 9 VIITGASSGVGLYAAKALAKRGWHVIMACRNLKKAEA 45
>gnl|CDD|187646 cd08942, RhlG_SDR_c, RhlG and related beta-ketoacyl reductases,
classical (c) SDRs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa RhlG is an
SDR-family beta-ketoacyl reductase involved in
Rhamnolipid biosynthesis. RhlG is similar to but
distinct from the FabG family of beta-ketoacyl-acyl
carrier protein (ACP) of type II fatty acid synthesis.
RhlG and related proteins are classical SDRs, with a
canonical active site tetrad and glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 250
Score = 27.4 bits (61), Expect = 0.38
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 19/34 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
G+IVLVTG +G + + +G V+ AR+
Sbjct: 6 GKIVLVTGGSRGIGRMIAQGFLEAGARVIISARK 39
>gnl|CDD|187615 cd05357, PR_SDR_c, pteridine reductase (PR), classical (c) SDRs.
Pteridine reductases (PRs), members of the SDR family,
catalyzes the NAD-dependent reduction of folic acid,
dihydrofolate and related compounds. In Leishmania,
pteridine reductase (PTR1) acts to circumvent the
anti-protozoan drugs that attack dihydrofolate
reductase activity. Proteins in this subgroup have an
N-terminal NAD-binding motif and a YxxxK active site
motif, but have an Asp instead of the usual upstream
catalytic Ser. SDRs are a functionally diverse family
of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 234
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.38
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
+ LVTGA +G + + LA G VV
Sbjct: 1 AVALVTGAAKRIGRAIAEALAAEGYRVV 28
>gnl|CDD|180446 PRK06180, PRK06180, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 277
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.41
Identities = 11/39 (28%), Positives = 15/39 (38%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
+ L+TG S G L + +G VVG R
Sbjct: 4 MKTWLITGVSSGFGRALAQAALAAGHRVVGTVRSEAARA 42
>gnl|CDD|187556 cd05245, SDR_a2, atypical (a) SDRs, subgroup 2. This subgroup
contains atypical SDRs, one member is identified as
Escherichia coli protein ybjT, function unknown.
Atypical SDRs are distinct from classical SDRs. Members
of this subgroup have a glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding
motif consensus that generally matches the extended
SDRs, TGXXGXXG, but lacks the characteristic active
site residues of the SDRs. This subgroup has basic
residues (HXXXR) in place of the active site motif
YXXXK, these may have a catalytic role. Atypical SDRs
generally lack the catalytic residues characteristic of
the SDRs, and their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif
is often different from the forms normally seen in
classical or extended SDRs. Atypical SDRs include
biliverdin IX beta reductase (BVR-B,aka flavin
reductase), NMRa (a negative transcriptional regulator
of various fungi), progesterone 5-beta-reductase like
proteins, phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and
pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene
synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane
reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor
binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 293
Score = 27.3 bits (61), Expect = 0.42
Identities = 14/45 (31%), Positives = 18/45 (40%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVE 53
VLVTGA +G L L G V L R ++ +V
Sbjct: 1 VLVTGATGYVGGRLVPRLLQEGHQVRALVRSPEKLADRPWSERVT 45
>gnl|CDD|235633 PRK05872, PRK05872, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 296
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.42
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++V+VTGA +G L + L G +
Sbjct: 9 GKVVVVTGAARGIGAELARRLHARGAKLA 37
>gnl|CDD|234024 TIGR02817, adh_fam_1, zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenase family
protein. Members of this model form a distinct subset
of the larger family of oxidoreductases that includes
zinc-binding alcohol dehydrogenases and NADPH:quinone
reductases (pfam00107). While some current members of
this family carry designations as putative alginate
lyase, it seems no sequence with a direct
characterization as such is detected by this model
[Energy metabolism, Fermentation].
Length = 336
Score = 27.4 bits (61), Expect = 0.42
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 18/35 (51%), Gaps = 1/35 (2%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKEL-ALSGLTVVGLARR 39
R +L+ G +G L + L+GLTV+ A R
Sbjct: 149 KRALLIIGGAGGVGSILIQLARQLTGLTVIATASR 183
>gnl|CDD|184025 PRK13394, PRK13394, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 262
Score = 27.2 bits (60), Expect = 0.45
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 18/29 (62%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G+ +VTGA S +G+ + ELA +G V
Sbjct: 7 GKTAVVTGAASGIGKEIALELARAGAAVA 35
>gnl|CDD|187595 cd05334, DHPR_SDR_c_like, dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR),
classical (c) SDRs. Dihydropteridine reductase is an
NAD-binding protein related to the SDRs. It converts
dihydrobiopterin into tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor
necessary in catecholamines synthesis. Dihydropteridine
reductase has the YXXXK of these tyrosine-dependent
oxidoreductases, but lacks the typical upstream Asn and
Ser catalytic residues. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 221
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 0.45
Identities = 9/31 (29%), Positives = 14/31 (45%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
R+VLV G +LG + + G V +
Sbjct: 1 ARVVLVYGGRGALGSAVVQAFKSRGWWVASI 31
>gnl|CDD|187645 cd08941, 3KS_SDR_c, 3-keto steroid reductase, classical (c) SDRs.
3-keto steroid reductase (in concert with other
enzymes) catalyzes NADP-dependent sterol C-4
demethylation, as part of steroid biosynthesis. 3-keto
reductase is a classical SDR, with a well conserved
canonical active site tetrad and fairly well conserved
characteristic NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 290
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 0.46
Identities = 15/41 (36%), Positives = 20/41 (48%), Gaps = 5/41 (12%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKEL-----ALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
+VLVTGA S LG +C+ L LT++ R R
Sbjct: 3 VVLVTGANSGLGLAICERLLAEDDENPELTLILACRNLQRA 43
>gnl|CDD|217199 pfam02719, Polysacc_synt_2, Polysaccharide biosynthesis protein.
This is a family of diverse bacterial polysaccharide
biosynthesis proteins including the CapD protein, WalL
protein mannosyl-transferase and several putative
epimerases (e.g. WbiI).
Length = 280
Score = 27.1 bits (61), Expect = 0.52
Identities = 9/19 (47%), Positives = 13/19 (68%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELA 27
VLVTG S+G LC+++
Sbjct: 1 VLVTGGGGSIGSELCRQIL 19
>gnl|CDD|187670 cd09810, LPOR_like_SDR_c_like, light-dependent
protochlorophyllide reductase (LPOR)-like, classical
(c)-like SDRs. Classical SDR-like subgroup containing
LPOR and related proteins. Protochlorophyllide
(Pchlide) reductases act in chlorophyll biosynthesis.
There are distinct enzymes that catalyze Pchlide
reduction in light or dark conditions. Light-dependent
reduction is via an NADP-dependent SDR, LPOR. Proteins
in this subfamily share the glycine-rich NAD-binding
motif of the classical SDRs, have a partial match to
the canonical active site tetrad, but lack the typical
active site Ser. SDRs are a functionally diverse family
of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 311
Score = 27.1 bits (60), Expect = 0.53
Identities = 17/54 (31%), Positives = 23/54 (42%), Gaps = 6/54 (11%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR----HRVRRSTAVPK--VEFYH 56
V++TGA S LG K LA G V +A R + + +PK H
Sbjct: 4 VVITGASSGLGLAAAKALARRGEWHVVMACRDFLKAEQAAQEVGMPKDSYSVLH 57
>gnl|CDD|187597 cd05338, DHRS1_HSDL2-like_SDR_c, human dehydrogenase/reductase
(SDR family) member 1 (DHRS1) and human hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase-like protein 2 (HSDL2), classical (c)
SDRs. This subgroup includes human DHRS1 and human
HSDL2 and related proteins. These are members of the
classical SDR family, with a canonical Gly-rich
NAD-binding motif and the typical YXXXK active site
motif. However, the rest of the catalytic tetrad is not
strongly conserved. DHRS1 mRNA has been detected in
many tissues, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and
pancreas; a longer transcript is predominantly
expressed in the liver , a shorter one in the heart.
HSDL2 may play a part in fatty acid metabolism, as it
is found in peroxisomes. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 246
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 0.54
Identities = 14/43 (32%), Positives = 21/43 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
G++ VTGA +G + LA +G TVV A+ +A
Sbjct: 3 GKVAFVTGASRGIGRAIALRLAKAGATVVVAAKTASEGDNGSA 45
>gnl|CDD|239800 cd04272, ZnMc_salivary_gland_MPs, Zinc-dependent metalloprotease,
salivary_gland_MPs. Metalloproteases secreted by the
salivary glands of arthropods.
Length = 220
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 0.56
Identities = 5/27 (18%), Positives = 10/27 (37%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELA 27
+ G V GAC+ + ++
Sbjct: 114 LQTGTGGYAYVGGACTENRVAMGEDTP 140
>gnl|CDD|180462 PRK06198, PRK06198, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 260
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 0.57
Identities = 14/49 (28%), Positives = 20/49 (40%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLT-VVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
M R G++ LVTG LG + + A G +V R + A
Sbjct: 1 MGRLDGKVALVTGGTQGLGAAIARAFAERGAAGLVICGRNAEKGEAQAA 49
>gnl|CDD|181077 PRK07677, PRK07677, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 252
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 0.59
Identities = 11/37 (29%), Positives = 20/37 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
++V++TG S +G+ + K A G VV R + +
Sbjct: 1 EKVVIITGGSSGMGKAMAKRFAEEGANVVITGRTKEK 37
>gnl|CDD|181295 PRK08213, PRK08213, gluconate 5-dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 259
Score = 26.8 bits (60), Expect = 0.60
Identities = 13/36 (36%), Positives = 18/36 (50%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
G+ LVTG LG + + L +G VV AR+
Sbjct: 12 GKTALVTGGSRGLGLQIAEALGEAGARVVLSARKAE 47
>gnl|CDD|187537 cd05226, SDR_e_a, Extended (e) and atypical (a) SDRs. Extended
or atypical short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases
(SDRs, aka tyrosine-dependent oxidoreductases) are
distinct from classical SDRs. In addition to the
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet) core region typical of all SDRs,
extended SDRs have a less conserved C-terminal
extension of approximately 100 amino acids. Extended
SDRs are a diverse collection of proteins, and include
isomerases, epimerases, oxidoreductases, and lyases;
they typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
Atypical SDRs generally lack the catalytic residues
characteristic of the SDRs, and their glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif is often different from the forms
normally seen in classical or extended SDRs. Atypical
SDRs include biliverdin IX beta reductase (BVR-B,aka
flavin reductase), NMRa (a negative transcriptional
regulator of various fungi), progesterone
5-beta-reductase like proteins, phenylcoumaran benzylic
ether and pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases,
phenylpropene synthases, eugenol synthase,
triphenylmethane reductase, isoflavone reductases, and
others. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold, an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Sequence identity between different
SDR enzymes is typically in the 15-30% range; they
catalyze a wide range of activities including the
metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates,
lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in
redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG
cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif,
with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving
as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase numbering). In
addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream
Ser and/or an Asn, contributing to the active site;
while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region,
which determines specificity. The standard reaction
mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton
relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water
molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Complex
(multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of
fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif
and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type
ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding
motif.
Length = 176
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 0.62
Identities = 12/36 (33%), Positives = 17/36 (47%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
+L+ GA +G L +EL G V L R R+
Sbjct: 1 ILILGATGFIGRALARELLEQGHEVTLLVRNTKRLS 36
>gnl|CDD|180744 PRK06914, PRK06914, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 280
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 0.64
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
+I +VTGA S G ELA G V+ R
Sbjct: 3 KKIAIVTGASSGFGLLTTLELAKKGYLVIATMRN 36
>gnl|CDD|187668 cd09808, DHRS-12_like_SDR_c-like, human dehydrogenase/reductase
SDR family member (DHRS)-12/FLJ13639-like, classical
(c)-like SDRs. Classical SDR-like subgroup containing
human DHRS-12/FLJ13639, the 36K protein of zebrafish
CNS myelin, and related proteins. DHRS-12/FLJ13639 is
expressed in neurons and oligodendrocytes in the human
cerebral cortex. Proteins in this subgroup share the
glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the classical SDRs,
have a partial match to the canonical active site
tetrad, but lack the typical active site Ser. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 255
Score = 26.8 bits (59), Expect = 0.65
Identities = 14/37 (37%), Positives = 20/37 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
GR L+TGA S +G+ +A G TV + R + R
Sbjct: 1 GRSFLITGANSGIGKAAALAIAKRGGTVHMVCRNQTR 37
>gnl|CDD|183719 PRK12747, PRK12747, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 252
Score = 26.6 bits (58), Expect = 0.69
Identities = 12/28 (42%), Positives = 16/28 (57%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTV 33
G++ LVTGA +G + K LA G V
Sbjct: 4 GKVALVTGASRGIGRAIAKRLANDGALV 31
>gnl|CDD|187625 cd05367, SPR-like_SDR_c, sepiapterin reductase (SPR)-like,
classical (c) SDRs. Human SPR, a member of the SDR
family, catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of
sepiaptern to 7,8-dihydrobiopterin (BH2). In addition
to SPRs, this subgroup also contains Bacillus cereus
yueD, a benzil reductase, which catalyzes the
stereospecific reduction of benzil to (S)-benzoin. SDRs
are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases
that have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 241
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 0.72
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 18/32 (56%), Gaps = 2/32 (6%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLT--VVGLAR 38
+++TGA +G L +EL G VV LAR
Sbjct: 2 IILTGASRGIGRALAEELLKRGSPSVVVLLAR 33
>gnl|CDD|180440 PRK06172, PRK06172, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 253
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 0.74
Identities = 12/36 (33%), Positives = 17/36 (47%), Gaps = 1/36 (2%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
G++ LVTG + +G A G VV +A R
Sbjct: 7 GKVALVTGGAAGIGRATALAFAREGAKVV-VADRDA 41
>gnl|CDD|180617 PRK06550, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 235
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 0.76
Identities = 10/31 (32%), Positives = 15/31 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
+ VL+TGA S +G + G V G+
Sbjct: 5 TKTVLITGAASGIGLAQARAFLAQGAQVYGV 35
>gnl|CDD|171531 PRK12481, PRK12481, 2-deoxy-D-gluconate 3-dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 251
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 0.77
Identities = 10/31 (32%), Positives = 20/31 (64%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
G++ ++TG + LG+ + LA +G +VG+
Sbjct: 8 GKVAIITGCNTGLGQGMAIGLAKAGADIVGV 38
>gnl|CDD|187596 cd05337, BKR_1_SDR_c, putative beta-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein
[ACP] reductase (BKR), subgroup 1, classical (c) SDR.
This subgroup includes Escherichia coli CFT073 FabG.
The Escherichai coli K12 BKR, FabG, belongs to a
different subgroup. BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of ACP in the first reductive step of de novo
fatty acid synthesis (FAS). FAS consists of four
elongation steps, which are repeated to extend the
fatty acid chain through the addition of two-carbo
units from malonyl acyl-carrier protein (ACP):
condensation, reduction, dehydration, and a final
reduction. Type II FAS, typical of plants and many
bacteria, maintains these activities on discrete
polypeptides, while type I FAS utilizes one or two
multifunctional polypeptides. BKR resembles enoyl
reductase, which catalyzes the second reduction step in
FAS. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet) NAD(P)(H)
binding region and a structurally diverse C-terminal
region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues
long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350
residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal
NAD(P)(H) binding pattern: TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs.
Extended SDRs have additional elements in the
C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs
such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase
have a GGXGXXG NAD(P) binding motif and an altered
active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type type ketoacyl
reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or
have an unusual NAD(P) binding motif and missing or
unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed
within the SDR family include isomerization,
decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction,
dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA
reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction. A
critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK
pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often
an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an
Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser,
contributing to the active site. Substrates for these
enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and
aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is
a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr-151 and
Lys-155, and well as Asn-111 (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 255
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 0.77
Identities = 9/34 (26%), Positives = 14/34 (41%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
+ +VTGA +G + ELA G +
Sbjct: 2 PVAIVTGASRGIGRAIATELAARGFDIAINDLPD 35
>gnl|CDD|171821 PRK12937, PRK12937, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 245
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 0.77
Identities = 9/30 (30%), Positives = 15/30 (50%)
Query: 5 IGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++ +VTGA +G + + LA G V
Sbjct: 4 SNKVAIVTGASRGIGAAIARRLAADGFAVA 33
>gnl|CDD|187662 cd09761, A3DFK9-like_SDR_c, Clostridium thermocellum A3DFK9-like,
a putative carbohydrate or polyalcohol metabolizing
SDR, classical (c) SDRs. This subgroup includes a
putative carbohydrate or polyalcohol metabolizing SDR
(A3DFK9) from Clostridium thermocellum. Its members
have a TGXXXGXG classical-SDR glycine-rich NAD-binding
motif, and some have a canonical SDR active site tetrad
(A3DFK9 lacks the upstream Asn). SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 242
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 0.80
Identities = 9/29 (31%), Positives = 17/29 (58%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ +VTG +G+ +C + +G VV
Sbjct: 1 GKVAIVTGGGHGIGKQICLDFLEAGDKVV 29
>gnl|CDD|181126 PRK07806, PRK07806, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 248
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 0.81
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 17/34 (50%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M G+ LVTG+ +G K LA +G VV
Sbjct: 1 MGDLPGKTALVTGSSRGIGADTAKILAGAGAHVV 34
>gnl|CDD|138873 PRK12320, PRK12320, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 699
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 0.81
Identities = 12/33 (36%), Positives = 22/33 (66%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
+LVT A ++G ++ ++L +G TV G+A+ H
Sbjct: 3 ILVTDATGAVGRSVTRQLIAAGHTVSGIAQHPH 35
>gnl|CDD|224012 COG1087, GalE, UDP-glucose 4-epimerase [Cell envelope biogenesis,
outer membrane].
Length = 329
Score = 26.4 bits (59), Expect = 0.83
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
VLVTG +G ++L +G VV L
Sbjct: 3 VLVTGGAGYIGSHTVRQLLKTGHEVVVL 30
>gnl|CDD|183832 PRK12935, PRK12935, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase; Provisional.
Length = 247
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 0.88
Identities = 10/29 (34%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ +VTG +G+ + LA G VV
Sbjct: 6 GKVAIVTGGAKGIGKAITVALAQEGAKVV 34
>gnl|CDD|181324 PRK08251, PRK08251, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 248
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 0.91
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 19/34 (55%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
+L+TGA S LG + +E A G + ARR R
Sbjct: 5 ILITGASSGLGAGMAREFAAKGRDLALCARRTDR 38
>gnl|CDD|241476 cd13322, PH_PHLPP-like, PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein
phosphatase family Pleckstrin homology-like domain. The
PHLPP family has members PHLPP1 (also called
hSCOP/Suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian oscillatory
protein; PLEKHE1/Pleckstrin homology domain-containing
family E member 1) and PHLPP2 (PHLPP-like/PHLPPL). The
PHLPP family of novel Ser/Thr phosphatases serve as
important regulators of cell survival and apoptosis.
PHLPP isozymes catalyze the dephosphorylation of a
conserved regulatory motif, the hydrophobic motif, on
the AGC kinases Akt, PKC, and S6 kinase, as well as an
inhibitory site on the kinase Mst1, to inhibit cellular
proliferation and induce apoptosis and negatively
regulates ERK1/2 activation. Reductions in their
expression have been detected in several cancers and
linked to cancer progression. PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 both
contain an N-terminal PH domain, followed by 21 LRR
(leucine-rich) repeats, and a C-terminal PP2C-like
domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in
general are involved in targeting proteins to the
appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with
a binding partner. They share little sequence
conservation, but all have a common fold, which is
electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains
bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high
affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished
from other PIP-binding domains by their specific
high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate
groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3
which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to
the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in
lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by
loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the
domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains.
PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such
as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators
of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as
cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid
associated enzymes.
Length = 194
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 0.91
Identities = 18/63 (28%), Positives = 32/63 (50%), Gaps = 6/63 (9%)
Query: 3 RWIGRIVLVTGAC---SSLGETLCKE---LALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYH 56
RW R V++ G C SS+ ++ + L L G V + + +H + S+A P+ + Y+
Sbjct: 110 RWARRQVILCGTCLIVSSVKDSQTGKMHILPLIGGKVEEVKKHQHCLAFSSAGPQSQTYY 169
Query: 57 RGF 59
F
Sbjct: 170 VSF 172
>gnl|CDD|181159 PRK07890, PRK07890, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 258
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 0.91
Identities = 16/43 (37%), Positives = 22/43 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
G++V+V+G LG TL A +G VV AR R+ A
Sbjct: 5 GKVVVVSGVGPGLGRTLAVRAARAGADVVLAARTAERLDEVAA 47
>gnl|CDD|236074 PRK07666, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 239
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 0.92
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 18/33 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
G+ L+TGA +G + LA G+ V LAR
Sbjct: 7 GKNALITGAGRGIGRAVAIALAKEGVNVGLLAR 39
>gnl|CDD|181605 PRK08993, PRK08993, 2-deoxy-D-gluconate 3-dehydrogenase;
Validated.
Length = 253
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 0.94
Identities = 11/31 (35%), Positives = 20/31 (64%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
G++ +VTG + LG+ + LA +G +VG+
Sbjct: 10 GKVAVVTGCDTGLGQGMALGLAEAGCDIVGI 40
>gnl|CDD|212493 cd08932, HetN_like_SDR_c, HetN oxidoreductase-like, classical (c)
SDR. This subgroup includes Anabaena sp. strain PCC
7120 HetN, a putative oxidoreductase involved in
heterocyst differentiation, and related proteins. SDRs
are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases
that have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 223
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 0.95
Identities = 14/48 (29%), Positives = 20/48 (41%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR-RHRVRRSTAVPKVE 53
++ LVTGA +G + + LA G V R S + VE
Sbjct: 1 KVALVTGASRGIGIEIARALARDGYRVSLGLRNPEDLAALSASGGDVE 48
>gnl|CDD|131468 TIGR02415, 23BDH, acetoin reductases. One member of this family,
as characterized in Klebsiella terrigena, is described
as able to interconvert acetoin + NADH with
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD(+). It is also called capable
of irreversible reduction of diacetyl with NADH to
acetoin. Blomqvist, et al. decline to specify either EC
1.1.1.4 which is (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase, or EC
1.1.1.5, which is acetoin dehydrogenase without a
specified stereochemistry, for this enzyme. This enzyme
is a homotetramer in the family of short chain
dehydrogenases (pfam00106). Another member of this
family, from Corynebacterium glutamicum, is called
L-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (PMID:11577733) [Energy
metabolism, Fermentation].
Length = 254
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 0.95
Identities = 9/28 (32%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++ LVTG +G+ + + LA G V
Sbjct: 1 KVALVTGGAQGIGKGIAERLAKDGFAVA 28
>gnl|CDD|187590 cd05329, TR_SDR_c, tropinone reductase-I and II (TR-1, and
TR-II)-like, classical (c) SDRs. This subgroup
includes TR-I and TR-II; these proteins are members of
the SDR family. TRs catalyze the NADPH-dependent
reductions of the 3-carbonyl group of tropinone, to a
beta-hydroxyl group. TR-I and TR-II produce different
stereoisomers from tropinone, TR-I produces tropine
(3alpha-hydroxytropane), and TR-II, produces
pseudotropine (sigma-tropine, 3beta-hydroxytropane).
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 251
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 0.98
Identities = 15/38 (39%), Positives = 19/38 (50%), Gaps = 2/38 (5%)
Query: 3 RWI--GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
RW G+ LVTG +G + +ELA G V AR
Sbjct: 1 RWNLEGKTALVTGGTKGIGYAIVEELAGLGAEVYTCAR 38
>gnl|CDD|187644 cd08940, HBDH_SDR_c, d-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH),
classical (c) SDRs. DHBDH, an NAD+ -dependent enzyme,
catalyzes the interconversion of D-3-hydroxybutyrate
and acetoacetate. It is a classical SDR, with the
canonical NAD-binding motif and active site tetrad.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 258
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 0.98
Identities = 11/29 (37%), Positives = 19/29 (65%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ LVTG+ S +G + + LA +G +V
Sbjct: 2 GKVALVTGSTSGIGLGIARALAAAGANIV 30
>gnl|CDD|187562 cd05252, CDP_GD_SDR_e, CDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratase, extended
(e) SDRs. This subgroup contains CDP-D-glucose
4,6-dehydratase, an extended SDR, which catalyzes the
conversion of CDP-D-glucose to
CDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose. This subgroup has the
characteristic active site tetrad and NAD-binding motif
of the extended SDRs. Extended SDRs are distinct from
classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 336
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 0.99
Identities = 13/35 (37%), Positives = 16/35 (45%)
Query: 4 WIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
W G+ VLVTG G L L G V+G +
Sbjct: 2 WQGKRVLVTGHTGFKGSWLSLWLQELGAKVIGYSL 36
>gnl|CDD|187578 cd05269, TMR_SDR_a, triphenylmethane reductase (TMR)-like
proteins, NMRa-like, atypical (a) SDRs. TMR is an
atypical NADP-binding protein of the SDR family. It
lacks the active site residues of the SDRs but has a
glycine rich NAD(P)-binding motif that matches the
extended SDRs. Proteins in this subgroup however, are
more similar in length to the classical SDRs. TMR was
identified as a reducer of triphenylmethane dyes,
important environmental pollutants. This subgroup also
includes Escherichia coli NADPH-dependent quinine
oxidoreductase (QOR2), which catalyzes two-electron
reduction of quinone; but is unlikely to play a major
role in protecting against quinone cytotoxicity.
Atypical SDRs are distinct from classical SDRs.
Atypical SDRs include biliverdin IX beta reductase
(BVR-B,aka flavin reductase), NMRa (a negative
transcriptional regulator of various fungi),
progesterone 5-beta-reductase like proteins,
phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and
pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene
synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane
reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor
binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 272
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 1.0
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 15/30 (50%)
Query: 10 LVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
LVTGA LG + + L +VV L R
Sbjct: 2 LVTGATGKLGTAVVELLLAKVASVVALVRN 31
>gnl|CDD|183778 PRK12829, PRK12829, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 264
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 1.0
Identities = 11/35 (31%), Positives = 15/35 (42%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
G VLVTG S +G + + A +G V
Sbjct: 11 GLRVLVTGGASGIGRAIAEAFAEAGARVHVCDVSE 45
>gnl|CDD|187654 cd08951, DR_C-13_KR_SDR_c_like, daunorubicin C-13 ketoreductase
(KR), classical (c)-like SDRs. Daunorubicin is a
clinically important therapeutic compound used in some
cancer treatments. Daunorubicin C-13 ketoreductase is
member of the classical SDR family with a canonical
glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif, but lacking a
complete match to the active site tetrad characteristic
of this group. The critical Tyr, plus the Lys and
upstream Asn are present, but the catalytic Ser is
replaced, generally by Gln. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human prostaglandin
dehydrogenase (PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr
and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, PGDH
numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, PGDH numbering)
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional
elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain)
SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid
synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an
altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type KRs have
a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical
SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an
unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual
active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the
SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation,
epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase
activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 260
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 11/34 (32%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHR 42
+ +TG+ LG + L G VV AR + R
Sbjct: 10 IFITGSSDGLGLAAARTLLHQGHEVVLHARSQKR 43
>gnl|CDD|233570 TIGR01777, yfcH, TIGR01777 family protein. This model represents
a clade of proteins of unknown function including the
E. coli yfcH protein [Hypothetical proteins,
Conserved].
Length = 291
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 10/31 (32%), Positives = 14/31 (45%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
+L+TG +G L + L G V L R
Sbjct: 1 ILITGGTGFIGRALTQRLTKRGHEVTILTRS 31
>gnl|CDD|183772 PRK12823, benD, 1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate
dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 260
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 12/34 (35%), Positives = 18/34 (52%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
R+ G++V+VTGA +G + A G VV
Sbjct: 3 NQRFAGKVVVVTGAAQGIGRGVALRAAAEGARVV 36
>gnl|CDD|139158 PRK12692, flgG, flagellar basal body rod protein FlgG; Reviewed.
Length = 262
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 13/39 (33%), Positives = 18/39 (46%), Gaps = 4/39 (10%)
Query: 3 RWIGRIVLVTGACSS----LGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLA 37
+ +G++ L A S LG L +E SG VVG
Sbjct: 168 QNLGQLTLANFANESGLEPLGNGLYRETPASGAPVVGNP 206
>gnl|CDD|235924 PRK07063, PRK07063, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 260
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 14/48 (29%), Positives = 21/48 (43%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
M+R G++ LVTGA +G + + A G V R+ A
Sbjct: 2 MNRLAGKVALVTGAAQGIGAAIARAFAREGAAVALADLDAALAERAAA 49
>gnl|CDD|233590 TIGR01830, 3oxo_ACP_reduc, 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)
reductase. This model represents 3-oxoacyl-[ACP]
reductase, also called 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein
reductase, an enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis [Fatty
acid and phospholipid metabolism, Biosynthesis].
Length = 239
Score = 26.0 bits (58), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 15/32 (46%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
LVTGA +G + +LA G V+ R
Sbjct: 1 ALVTGASRGIGRAIALKLAKEGAKVIITYRSS 32
>gnl|CDD|181297 PRK08217, fabG, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase;
Provisional.
Length = 253
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 7/25 (28%), Positives = 14/25 (56%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSG 30
+++++TG LG + + LA G
Sbjct: 5 DKVIVITGGAQGLGRAMAEYLAQKG 29
>gnl|CDD|187536 cd05193, AR_like_SDR_e, aldehyde reductase, flavonoid reductase,
and related proteins, extended (e) SDRs. This subgroup
contains aldehyde reductase and flavonoid reductase of
the extended SDR-type and related proteins. Proteins in
this subgroup have a complete SDR-type active site
tetrad and a close match to the canonical extended SDR
NADP-binding motif. Aldehyde reductase I (aka carbonyl
reductase) is an NADP-binding SDR; it catalyzes the
NADP-dependent reduction of ethyl
4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to ethyl
(R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. The related flavonoid
reductases act in the NADP-dependent reduction of
flavonoids, ketone-containing plant secondary
metabolites. Extended SDRs are distinct from classical
SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet) core region
typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a less
conserved C-terminal extension of approximately 100
amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection of
proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 295
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 10/30 (33%), Positives = 14/30 (46%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
VLVTGA + + ++L G V R
Sbjct: 1 VLVTGASGFVASHVVEQLLERGYKVRATVR 30
>gnl|CDD|187553 cd05242, SDR_a8, atypical (a) SDRs, subgroup 8. This subgroup
contains atypical SDRs of unknown function. Proteins in
this subgroup have a glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif
consensus that resembles that of the extended SDRs,
(GXXGXXG or GGXGXXG), but lacks the characteristic
active site residues of the SDRs. A Cys often replaces
the usual Lys of the YXXXK active site motif, while the
upstream Ser is generally present and Arg replaces the
usual Asn. Atypical SDRs generally lack the catalytic
residues characteristic of the SDRs, and their
glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often different
from the forms normally seen in classical or extended
SDRs. Atypical SDRs include biliverdin IX beta
reductase (BVR-B,aka flavin reductase), NMRa (a
negative transcriptional regulator of various fungi),
progesterone 5-beta-reductase like proteins,
phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and
pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene
synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane
reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are
a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor
binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 296
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 12/41 (29%), Positives = 20/41 (48%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAV 49
+++TG +G L + L +G VV L+RR + V
Sbjct: 2 IVITGGTGFIGRALTRRLTAAGHEVVVLSRRPGKAEGLAEV 42
>gnl|CDD|163279 TIGR03466, HpnA, hopanoid-associated sugar epimerase. The
sequences in this family are members of the pfam01370
superfamily of NAD-dependent epimerases and
dehydratases typically acting on nucleotide-sugar
substrates. The genes of the family modeled here are
generally in the same locus with genes involved in the
biosynthesis and elaboration of hopene, the cyclization
product of the polyisoprenoid squalene. This gene and
its association with hopene biosynthesis in Zymomonas
mobilis has been noted in the literature where the gene
symbol hpnA was assigned. Hopanoids are known to be
components of the plasma membrane and to have polar
sugar head groups in Z. mobilis and other species.
Length = 328
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 15/30 (50%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
VLVTGA +G + + L G V L R
Sbjct: 3 VLVTGATGFVGSAVVRLLLEQGEEVRVLVR 32
>gnl|CDD|177883 PLN02240, PLN02240, UDP-glucose 4-epimerase.
Length = 352
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 12/30 (40%), Positives = 17/30 (56%)
Query: 5 IGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
+GR +LVTG +G +L L+G VV
Sbjct: 4 MGRTILVTGGAGYIGSHTVLQLLLAGYKVV 33
>gnl|CDD|187589 cd05328, 3alpha_HSD_SDR_c, alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
(3alpha_HSD), classical (c) SDRs. Bacterial
3-alpha_HSD, which catalyzes the NAD-dependent
oxidoreduction of hydroxysteroids, is a dimeric member
of the classical SDR family. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 250
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 19/32 (59%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
+++TGA S +G + L +G TV+G+ R
Sbjct: 1 TIVITGAASGIGAATAELLEDAGHTVIGIDLR 32
>gnl|CDD|235712 PRK06138, PRK06138, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 252
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 13/29 (44%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
GR+ +VTGA S +G K A G VV
Sbjct: 5 GRVAIVTGAGSGIGRATAKLFAREGARVV 33
>gnl|CDD|187582 cd05274, KR_FAS_SDR_x, ketoreductase (KR) and fatty acid synthase
(FAS), complex (x) SDRs. Ketoreductase, a module of the
multidomain polyketide synthase (PKS), has 2 subdomains,
each corresponding to a SDR family monomer. The
C-terminal subdomain catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of the beta-carbonyl of a polyketide to a
hydroxyl group, a step in the biosynthesis of
polyketides, such as erythromycin. The N-terminal
subdomain, an interdomain linker, is a truncated
Rossmann fold which acts to stabilizes the catalytic
subdomain. Unlike typical SDRs, the isolated domain does
not oligomerize but is composed of 2 subdomains, each
resembling an SDR monomer. The active site resembles
that of typical SDRs, except that the usual positions of
the catalytic Asn and Tyr are swapped, so that the
canonical YXXXK motif changes to YXXXN. Modular PKSs are
multifunctional structures in which the makeup
recapitulates that found in (and may have evolved from)
FAS. In some instances, such as porcine FAS, an enoyl
reductase (ER) module is inserted between the
sub-domains. Fatty acid synthesis occurs via the
stepwise elongation of a chain (which is attached to
acyl carrier protein, ACP) with 2-carbon units.
Eukaryotic systems consist of large, multifunctional
synthases (type I) while bacterial, type II systems, use
single function proteins. Fungal fatty acid synthase
uses a dodecamer of 6 alpha and 6 beta subunits. In
mammalian type FAS cycles, ketoacyl synthase forms
acetoacetyl-ACP which is reduced by the NADP-dependent
beta-KR, forming beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP, which is in turn
dehydrated by dehydratase to a beta-enoyl intermediate,
which is reduced by NADP-dependent beta-ER. Polyketide
synthesis also proceeds via the addition of 2-carbon
units as in fatty acid synthesis. The complex SDR
NADP-binding motif, GGXGXXG, is often present, but is
not strictly conserved in each instance of the module.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding
pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding
region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region.
Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long,
while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues.
Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are
typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the
Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic
NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These
enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including
the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates,
lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in
redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG
cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif,
with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as
a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH) numbering). In
addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream
Ser (Ser-138, PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107,
PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while
substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which
determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism
is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving
the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized
by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional
elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain)
SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid
synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an
altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type KRs have
a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 375
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 11/36 (30%), Positives = 16/36 (44%)
Query: 5 IGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
+ L+TG LG + + LA G + L RR
Sbjct: 149 LDGTYLITGGLGGLGLLVARWLAARGARHLVLLSRR 184
>gnl|CDD|235627 PRK05854, PRK05854, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 313
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 16/54 (29%), Positives = 24/54 (44%), Gaps = 7/54 (12%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH-------RVRRSTAVPKV 52
G+ +VTGA LG L + LA +G V+ R R +R + K+
Sbjct: 14 GKRAVVTGASDGLGLGLARRLAAAGAEVILPVRNRAKGEAAVAAIRTAVPDAKL 67
>gnl|CDD|226476 COG3967, DltE, Short-chain dehydrogenase involved in D-alanine
esterification of lipoteichoic acid and wall teichoic
acid (D-alanine transfer protein) [Cell envelope
biogenesis, outer membrane].
Length = 245
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 14/43 (32%), Positives = 20/43 (46%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
G +L+TG S +G L K G TV+ R R+ + A
Sbjct: 5 GNTILITGGASGIGLALAKRFLELGNTVIICGRNEERLAEAKA 47
>gnl|CDD|129815 TIGR00732, dprA, DNA protecting protein DprA. Disruption of this
gene in both Haemophilus influenzae and Helicobacter
pylori drastically reduces the efficiency of
transformation with exogenous DNA, but with different
levels of effect on chromosomal (linear) and plasmid
(circular) DNA. This difference suggests the DprA is
not active in recombination, and it has been shown not
to affect DNA binding, leaving the intermediate step in
natural transformation, DNA processing. In Strep.
pneumoniae, inactivation of dprA had no effect on the
uptake of DNA. All of these data indicated that DprA is
required at a later stage in transformation.
Subsequently DprA and RecA were both shown in S.
pneumoniae to be required to protect incoming ssDNA
from immediate degradation. Role of DprA in
non-transformable species is not known. The gene symbol
smf was assigned in E. coli, but without assignment of
function [Cellular processes, DNA transformation].
Length = 220
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 13/32 (40%), Positives = 18/32 (56%), Gaps = 5/32 (15%)
Query: 12 TGACSSLGE----TLCKELALSGLTVV-GLAR 38
T + GE L +ELA +G+T+V GLA
Sbjct: 52 TRRPTKYGERWTRKLAEELAKNGVTIVSGLAL 83
>gnl|CDD|187587 cd05326, secoisolariciresinol-DH_like_SDR_c, secoisolariciresinol
dehydrogenase (secoisolariciresinol-DH)-like, classical
(c) SDRs. Podophyllum secoisolariciresinol-DH is a
homo tetrameric, classical SDR that catalyzes the
NAD-dependent conversion of (-)-secoisolariciresinol to
(-)-matairesinol via a (-)-lactol intermediate.
(-)-Matairesinol is an intermediate to various
8'-lignans, including the cancer-preventive mammalian
lignan, and those involved in vascular plant defense.
This subgroup also includes rice momilactone A synthase
which catalyzes the conversion of
3beta-hydroxy-9betaH-pimara-7,15-dien-19,6beta-olide
into momilactone A, Arabidopsis ABA2 which during
abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, catalyzes the
conversion of xanthoxin to abscisic aldehyde and, maize
Tasselseed2 which participate in the maize sex
determination pathway. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the
Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138,
15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH
numbering) contributing to the active site; while
substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which
determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism
is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay
involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule
stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have
additional elements in the C-terminal region, and
typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase
domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG
NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif
(YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 249
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 17/32 (53%)
Query: 3 RWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
R G++ ++TG S +GE + A G VV
Sbjct: 1 RLDGKVAIITGGASGIGEATARLFAKHGARVV 32
>gnl|CDD|135642 PRK05884, PRK05884, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 223
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 12/32 (37%), Positives = 16/32 (50%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
VLVTG + LG T+ + G V + RR
Sbjct: 3 VLVTGGDTDLGRTIAEGFRNDGHKVTLVGARR 34
>gnl|CDD|235925 PRK07067, PRK07067, sorbitol dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 257
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 19/34 (55%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M R G++ L+TGA S +GE + + G VV
Sbjct: 1 MMRLQGKVALLTGAASGIGEAVAERYLAEGARVV 34
>gnl|CDD|187617 cd05359, ChcA_like_SDR_c, 1-cyclohexenylcarbonyl_coenzyme
A_reductase (ChcA)_like, classical (c) SDRs. This
subgroup contains classical SDR proteins, including
members identified as 1-cyclohexenylcarbonyl coenzyme A
reductase. ChcA of Streptomyces collinus is implicated
in the final reduction step of shikimic acid to
ansatrienin. ChcA shows sequence similarity to the SDR
family of NAD-binding proteins, but it lacks the
conserved Tyr of the characteristic catalytic site.
This subgroup also contains the NADH-dependent
enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein(ACP)] reductase FabL from
Bacillus subtilis. This enzyme participates in
bacterial fatty acid synthesis, in type II fatty-acid
synthases and catalyzes the last step in each
elongation cycle. SDRs are a functionally diverse
family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain
with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRS are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a
3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern
(typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in
extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue
(Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
(15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved
YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or
additional Ser, contributing to the active site.
Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids,
alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction
mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family
members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is
not generally found among SDRs.
Length = 242
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 10/26 (38%), Positives = 13/26 (50%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
LVTG +G+ + LA G VV
Sbjct: 1 ALVTGGSRGIGKAIALRLAERGADVV 26
>gnl|CDD|181491 PRK08589, PRK08589, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 272
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 10/34 (29%), Positives = 18/34 (52%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M R ++ ++TGA + +G+ LA G V+
Sbjct: 1 MKRLENKVAVITGASTGIGQASAIALAQEGAYVL 34
>gnl|CDD|176645 cd05282, ETR_like, 2-enoyl thioester reductase-like. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 323
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 11/38 (28%), Positives = 16/38 (42%), Gaps = 6/38 (15%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGE---TLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
G V+ A S++G L K L G + + RR
Sbjct: 139 GDWVIQNAANSAVGRMLIQLAKLL---GFKTINVVRRD 173
>gnl|CDD|187591 cd05330, cyclohexanol_reductase_SDR_c, cyclohexanol reductases,
including levodione reductase, classical (c) SDRs.
Cyloclohexanol reductases,including
(6R)-2,2,6-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexanedione (levodione)
reductase of Corynebacterium aquaticum, catalyze the
reversible oxidoreduction of hydroxycyclohexanone
derivatives. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 257
Score = 25.2 bits (55), Expect = 2.0
Identities = 10/28 (35%), Positives = 14/28 (50%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++VL+TG S LG LA G +
Sbjct: 4 KVVLITGGGSGLGLATAVRLAKEGAKLS 31
>gnl|CDD|233387 TIGR01379, thiL, thiamine-monophosphate kinase. This model
describes thiamine-monophosphate kinase, an enzyme that
converts thiamine monophosphate into thiamine
pyrophosphate (TPP, coenzyme B1), an enzyme cofactor.
Thiamine monophosphate may be derived from de novo
synthesis or from unphosphorylated thiamine, known as
vitamin B1. Proteins scoring between the trusted and
noise cutoff for this model include short forms from the
Thermoplasmas (which lack the N-terminal region) and a
highly derived form from Campylobacter jejuni.
Eukaryotes lack this enzyme, and add pyrophosphate from
ATP to unphosphorylated thiamine in a single step
[Biosynthesis of cofactors, prosthetic groups, and
carriers, Thiamine].
Length = 317
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 2.0
Identities = 9/28 (32%), Positives = 15/28 (53%), Gaps = 1/28 (3%)
Query: 23 CKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVP 50
EL ++ +T +G A + + RS A P
Sbjct: 123 SPELVVT-VTAIGEAPKGRALLRSGAKP 149
>gnl|CDD|171820 PRK12936, PRK12936, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase
NodG; Reviewed.
Length = 245
Score = 25.3 bits (55), Expect = 2.0
Identities = 14/31 (45%), Positives = 18/31 (58%), Gaps = 1/31 (3%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
GR LVTGA +GE + + L G +VGL
Sbjct: 6 GRKALVTGASGGIGEEIARLLHAQG-AIVGL 35
>gnl|CDD|239167 cd02766, MopB_3, The MopB_3 CD includes a group of related
uncharacterized bacterial and archaeal
molybdopterin-binding oxidoreductase-like domains with a
putative N-terminal iron-sulfur [4Fe-4S] cluster binding
site and molybdopterin cofactor binding site. These
members belong to the molybdopterin_binding (MopB)
superfamily of proteins.
Length = 501
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 2.0
Identities = 14/43 (32%), Positives = 19/43 (44%)
Query: 17 SLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKVEFYHRGF 59
S E L + L +GL + G+ R R P V + RGF
Sbjct: 435 SDEEWLDQALDGTGLPLEGIDLERLLGPRKAGFPLVAWEDRGF 477
>gnl|CDD|180723 PRK06841, PRK06841, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 255
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 2.1
Identities = 11/33 (33%), Positives = 17/33 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
G++ +VTG S +G + + A G V L R
Sbjct: 15 GKVAVVTGGASGIGHAIAELFAAKGARVALLDR 47
>gnl|CDD|176206 cd08244, MDR_enoyl_red, Possible enoyl reductase. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 2.2
Identities = 15/33 (45%), Positives = 18/33 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
G +VLVT A LG L + +G TVVG A
Sbjct: 143 GDVVLVTAAAGGLGSLLVQLAKAAGATVVGAAG 175
>gnl|CDD|132368 TIGR03325, BphB_TodD, cis-2,3-dihydrobiphenyl-2,3-diol
dehydrogenase. Members of this family occur as the
BphD protein of biphenyl catabolism and as the TodD
protein of toluene catabolism. Members catalyze the
second step in each pathway and proved interchangeable
when tested; the first and fourth enzymes in each
pathway confer metabolic specificity. In the context of
biphenyl degradation, the enzyme acts as
cis-2,3-dihydrobiphenyl-2,3-diol dehydrogenase (EC
1.3.1.56), while in toluene degradation it acts as
cis-toluene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase.
Length = 262
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 12/38 (31%), Positives = 16/38 (42%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
G +VLVTG S LG + G V L + +
Sbjct: 5 GEVVLVTGGASGLGRAIVDRFVAEGARVAVLDKSAAGL 42
>gnl|CDD|187574 cd05264, UDP_G4E_5_SDR_e, UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (G4E), subgroup
5, extended (e) SDRs. This subgroup partially
conserves the characteristic active site tetrad and
NAD-binding motif of the extended SDRs, and has been
identified as possible UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (aka
UDP-galactose 4-epimerase), a homodimeric member of the
extended SDR family. UDP-glucose 4-epimerase catalyzes
the NAD-dependent conversion of UDP-galactose to
UDP-glucose, the final step in Leloir galactose
synthesis. Extended SDRs are distinct from classical
SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold (alpha/beta
folding pattern with a central beta-sheet) core region
typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a less
conserved C-terminal extension of approximately 100
amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection of
proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 300
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 9/31 (29%), Positives = 11/31 (35%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
VL+ G +G L L G V R
Sbjct: 2 VLIVGGNGFIGSHLVDALLEEGPQVRVFDRS 32
>gnl|CDD|181668 PRK09135, PRK09135, pteridine reductase; Provisional.
Length = 249
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 7/29 (24%), Positives = 14/29 (48%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
++ L+TG +G + + L +G V
Sbjct: 6 AKVALITGGARRIGAAIARTLHAAGYRVA 34
>gnl|CDD|178567 PLN02986, PLN02986, cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase family
protein.
Length = 322
Score = 25.4 bits (55), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 13/33 (39%), Positives = 17/33 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
G++V VTGA + + K L L G TV R
Sbjct: 5 GKLVCVTGASGYIASWIVKLLLLRGYTVKATVR 37
>gnl|CDD|225041 COG2130, COG2130, Putative NADP-dependent oxidoreductases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 340
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 2.5
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 18/32 (56%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLA 37
G V+V+ A ++G + + L G VVG+A
Sbjct: 151 GETVVVSAAAGAVGSVVGQIAKLKGCRVVGIA 182
>gnl|CDD|215606 PLN03154, PLN03154, putative allyl alcohol dehydrogenase;
Provisional.
Length = 348
Score = 25.2 bits (55), Expect = 2.6
Identities = 12/39 (30%), Positives = 19/39 (48%)
Query: 5 IGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
G V V+ A ++G+ + + L G VVG A +V
Sbjct: 158 KGDSVFVSAASGAVGQLVGQLAKLHGCYVVGSAGSSQKV 196
>gnl|CDD|222146 pfam13460, NAD_binding_10, NADH(P)-binding.
Length = 182
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 2.6
Identities = 12/31 (38%), Positives = 14/31 (45%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARR 39
+ V GA G L KEL G V L+R
Sbjct: 1 IAVIGATGKTGRRLVKELLARGHQVTALSRN 31
>gnl|CDD|180586 PRK06483, PRK06483, dihydromonapterin reductase; Provisional.
Length = 236
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 2.7
Identities = 10/33 (30%), Positives = 15/33 (45%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
+L+TGA +G L L G V+ R +
Sbjct: 5 ILITGAGQRIGLALAWHLLAQGQPVIVSYRTHY 37
>gnl|CDD|187638 cd08933, RDH_SDR_c, retinal dehydrogenase-like, classical (c)
SDR. These classical SDRs includes members identified
as retinol dehydrogenases, which convert retinol to
retinal, a property that overlaps with 17betaHSD
activity. 17beta-dehydrogenases are a group of isozymes
that catalyze activation and inactivation of estrogen
and androgens, and include members of the short-chain
dehydrogenases/reductase family. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 261
Score = 24.8 bits (54), Expect = 2.7
Identities = 11/36 (30%), Positives = 19/36 (52%)
Query: 3 RWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
R+ ++V+VTG +G + + +G VV AR
Sbjct: 6 RYADKVVIVTGGSRGIGRGIVRAFVENGAKVVFCAR 41
>gnl|CDD|187634 cd08929, SDR_c4, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 4. This subgroup
has a canonical active site tetrad and a typical
Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 226
Score = 24.8 bits (54), Expect = 2.8
Identities = 13/37 (35%), Positives = 16/37 (43%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
LVTGA +GE + L G V AR R+
Sbjct: 3 ALVTGASRGIGEATARLLHAEGYRVGICARDEARLAA 39
>gnl|CDD|187541 cd05230, UGD_SDR_e, UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase (UGD) and
related proteins, extended (e) SDRs. UGD catalyzes the
formation of UDP-xylose from UDP-glucuronate; it is an
extended-SDR, and has the characteristic glycine-rich
NAD-binding pattern, TGXXGXXG, and active site tetrad.
Extended SDRs are distinct from classical SDRs. In
addition to the Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding
pattern with a central beta-sheet) core region typical
of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a less conserved
C-terminal extension of approximately 100 amino acids.
Extended SDRs are a diverse collection of proteins, and
include isomerases, epimerases, oxidoreductases, and
lyases; they typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding
motif. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold, an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Sequence identity between different
SDR enzymes is typically in the 15-30% range; they
catalyze a wide range of activities including the
metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates,
lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in
redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG
cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif,
with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving
as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase numbering). In
addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream
Ser and/or an Asn, contributing to the active site;
while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region,
which determines specificity. The standard reaction
mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton
relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water
molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical
SDRs generally lack the catalytic residues
characteristic of the SDRs, and their glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif is often different from the forms
normally seen in classical or extended SDRs. Complex
(multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of
fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif
and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type
ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding
motif.
Length = 305
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 2.9
Identities = 10/28 (35%), Positives = 14/28 (50%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGL 36
+L+TG LG LC L G V+ +
Sbjct: 3 ILITGGAGFLGSHLCDRLLEDGHEVICV 30
>gnl|CDD|236389 PRK09134, PRK09134, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 258
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 2.9
Identities = 11/27 (40%), Positives = 14/27 (51%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTV 33
R LVTGA +G + +LA G V
Sbjct: 10 RAALVTGAARRIGRAIALDLAAHGFDV 36
>gnl|CDD|223829 COG0758, Smf, Predicted Rossmann fold nucleotide-binding protein
involved in DNA uptake [DNA replication, recombination,
and repair / Intracellular trafficking and secretion].
Length = 350
Score = 25.0 bits (55), Expect = 3.1
Identities = 10/20 (50%), Positives = 14/20 (70%), Gaps = 1/20 (5%)
Query: 20 ETLCKELALSGLTVV-GLAR 38
L + LA +G+T+V GLAR
Sbjct: 131 RDLAEYLAQNGITIVSGLAR 150
>gnl|CDD|180604 PRK06523, PRK06523, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 260
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 13/35 (37%), Positives = 16/35 (45%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
G+ LVTG +G L +G VV AR R
Sbjct: 9 GKRALVTGGTKGIGAATVARLLEAGARVVTTARSR 43
>gnl|CDD|224016 COG1091, RfbD, dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase [Cell envelope
biogenesis, outer membrane].
Length = 281
Score = 24.6 bits (54), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 9/32 (28%), Positives = 13/32 (40%), Gaps = 1/32 (3%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
+L+TGA LG L + V+ R
Sbjct: 3 ILITGANGQLGTELRR-ALPGEFEVIATDRAE 33
>gnl|CDD|235816 PRK06500, PRK06500, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 249
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 3.2
Identities = 10/34 (29%), Positives = 15/34 (44%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M R G+ L+TG S +G ++ G V
Sbjct: 1 MSRLQGKTALITGGTSGIGLETARQFLAEGARVA 34
>gnl|CDD|216283 pfam01073, 3Beta_HSD, 3-beta hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase/isomerase family. The enzyme 3
beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/5-ene-4-ene isomerase
(3 beta-HSD) catalyzes the oxidation and isomerisation
of 5-ene-3 beta-hydroxypregnene and
5-ene-hydroxyandrostene steroid precursors into the
corresponding 4-ene-ketosteroids necessary for the
formation of all classes of steroid hormones.
Length = 280
Score = 24.6 bits (54), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 8/21 (38%), Positives = 10/21 (47%)
Query: 10 LVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSG 30
LVTG LG + + L G
Sbjct: 1 LVTGGGGFLGRHIVRLLLREG 21
>gnl|CDD|235583 PRK05731, PRK05731, thiamine monophosphate kinase; Provisional.
Length = 318
Score = 24.8 bits (55), Expect = 3.4
Identities = 10/30 (33%), Positives = 16/30 (53%), Gaps = 1/30 (3%)
Query: 21 TLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVP 50
T +L++S +T +G +RRS A P
Sbjct: 123 TRGPDLSIS-VTAIGDVPGGRALRRSGAKP 151
>gnl|CDD|235935 PRK07109, PRK07109, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 334
Score = 24.5 bits (54), Expect = 4.1
Identities = 12/35 (34%), Positives = 19/35 (54%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
++V++TGA + +G + A G VV LAR
Sbjct: 8 RQVVVITGASAGVGRATARAFARRGAKVVLLARGE 42
>gnl|CDD|181335 PRK08264, PRK08264, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 238
Score = 24.5 bits (54), Expect = 4.1
Identities = 13/35 (37%), Positives = 18/35 (51%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
G++VLVTGA +G ++L G V A R
Sbjct: 6 GKVVLVTGANRGIGRAFVEQLLARGAAKVYAAARD 40
>gnl|CDD|187606 cd05348, BphB-like_SDR_c,
cis-biphenyl-2,3-dihydrodiol-2,3-dehydrogenase
(BphB)-like, classical (c) SDRs.
cis-biphenyl-2,3-dihydrodiol-2,3-dehydrogenase (BphB)
is a classical SDR, it is of particular importance for
its role in the degradation of biphenyl/polychlorinated
biphenyls(PCBs); PCBs are a significant source of
environmental contamination. This subgroup also
includes Pseudomonas putida F1
cis-biphenyl-1,2-dihydrodiol-1,2-dehydrogenase (aka
cis-benzene glycol dehydrogenase, encoded by the bnzE
gene), which participates in benzene metabolism. In
addition it includes Pseudomonas sp. C18 putative
1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene dehydrogenase (aka
dibenzothiophene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, encoded by
the doxE gene) which participates in an upper
naphthalene catabolic pathway. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 257
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 4.2
Identities = 13/39 (33%), Positives = 17/39 (43%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
G + L+TG S LG L + G V L R +V
Sbjct: 4 GEVALITGGGSGLGRALVERFVAEGAKVAVLDRSAEKVA 42
>gnl|CDD|187558 cd05247, UDP_G4E_1_SDR_e, UDP-glucose 4 epimerase, subgroup 1,
extended (e) SDRs. UDP-glucose 4 epimerase (aka
UDP-galactose-4-epimerase), is a homodimeric extended
SDR. It catalyzes the NAD-dependent conversion of
UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose, the final step in Leloir
galactose synthesis. This subgroup has the
characteristic active site tetrad and NAD-binding motif
of the extended SDRs. Extended SDRs are distinct from
classical SDRs. In addition to the Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet)
core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a
less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately
100 amino acids. Extended SDRs are a diverse collection
of proteins, and include isomerases, epimerases,
oxidoreductases, and lyases; they typically have a
TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence
identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in
the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and
Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn,
contributing to the active site; while substrate
binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines
specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a
4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the
conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by
Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical SDRs generally lack the
catalytic residues characteristic of the SDRs, and
their glycine-rich NAD(P)-binding motif is often
different from the forms normally seen in classical or
extended SDRs. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as
ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Length = 323
Score = 24.4 bits (54), Expect = 4.4
Identities = 11/26 (42%), Positives = 13/26 (50%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
VLVTG +G EL +G VV
Sbjct: 2 VLVTGGAGYIGSHTVVELLEAGYDVV 27
>gnl|CDD|187570 cd05260, GDP_MD_SDR_e, GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase, extended (e)
SDRs. GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase, a homodimeric SDR,
catalyzes the NADP(H)-dependent conversion of
GDP-(D)-mannose to GDP-4-keto, 6-deoxy-(D)-mannose in
the fucose biosynthesis pathway. These proteins have
the canonical active site triad and NAD-binding
pattern, however the active site Asn is often missing
and may be substituted with Asp. A Glu residue has been
identified as an important active site base. Extended
SDRs are distinct from classical SDRs. In addition to
the Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet) core region typical of all SDRs,
extended SDRs have a less conserved C-terminal
extension of approximately 100 amino acids. Extended
SDRs are a diverse collection of proteins, and include
isomerases, epimerases, oxidoreductases, and lyases;
they typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif.
SDRs are a functionally diverse family of
oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a
structurally conserved Rossmann fold, an
NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Sequence identity between different
SDR enzymes is typically in the 15-30% range; they
catalyze a wide range of activities including the
metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates,
lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in
redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG
cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif,
with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving
as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase numbering). In
addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream
Ser and/or an Asn, contributing to the active site;
while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region,
which determines specificity. The standard reaction
mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton
relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water
molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Atypical
SDRs generally lack the catalytic residues
characteristic of the SDRs, and their glycine-rich
NAD(P)-binding motif is often different from the forms
normally seen in classical or extended SDRs. Complex
(multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of
fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif
and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type
ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding
motif.
Length = 316
Score = 24.5 bits (54), Expect = 4.5
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 14/32 (43%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
L+TG G L + L G V G+ RR
Sbjct: 2 ALITGITGQDGSYLAEFLLEKGYEVHGIVRRS 33
>gnl|CDD|213592 TIGR01179, galE, UDP-glucose-4-epimerase GalE. Alternate name:
UDPgalactose 4-epimerase This enzyme interconverts
UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose. A set of related
proteins, some of which are tentatively identified as
UDP-glucose-4-epimerase in Thermotoga maritima,
Bacillus halodurans, and several archaea, but deeply
branched from this set and lacking experimental
evidence, are excluded from This model and described by
a separate model [Energy metabolism, Sugars].
Length = 328
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 4.5
Identities = 10/26 (38%), Positives = 14/26 (53%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
+LVTG +G ++L SG VV
Sbjct: 2 ILVTGGAGYIGSHTVRQLLESGHEVV 27
>gnl|CDD|238742 cd01465, vWA_subgroup, VWA subgroup: Von Willebrand factor type A
(vWA) domain was originally found in the blood
coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF).
Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately
200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b
para-rossmann type of fold. The vWA domain, since its
discovery, has drawn great interest because of its
widespread occurrence and its involvement in a wide
variety of important cellular functions. These include
basal membrane formation, cell migration, cell
differentiation, adhesion, haemostasis, signaling,
chromosomal stability, malignant transformation and in
immune defenses In integrins these domains form
heterodimers while in vWF it forms multimers. There are
different interaction surfaces of this domain as seen by
the various molecules it complexes with. Ligand binding
in most cases is mediated by the presence of a metal ion
dependent adhesion site termed as the MIDAS motif that
is a characteristic feature of most, if not all A
domains. Not much is known about the function of the VWA
domain in these proteins. The members do have a
conserved MIDAS motif. The biochemical function however
is not known.
Length = 170
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 4.7
Identities = 14/43 (32%), Positives = 21/43 (48%), Gaps = 7/43 (16%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELAL-------SGLTVVGL 36
+ + RI+L T ++GET ELA SG+T+ L
Sbjct: 93 VPGGVNRILLATDGDFNVGETDPDELARLVAQKRESGITLSTL 135
>gnl|CDD|218026 pfam04321, RmlD_sub_bind, RmlD substrate binding domain.
L-rhamnose is a saccharide required for the virulence
of some bacteria. Its precursor, dTDP-L-rhamnose, is
synthesised by four different enzymes the final one of
which is RmlD. The RmlD substrate binding domain is
responsible for binding a sugar nucleotide.
Length = 284
Score = 24.1 bits (53), Expect = 4.9
Identities = 15/32 (46%), Positives = 18/32 (56%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRR 40
+LVTGA LG L + LA G+ VV L R
Sbjct: 1 ILVTGANGQLGRELTRLLAERGVEVVALDRPE 32
>gnl|CDD|176252 cd08292, ETR_like_2, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 2. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 5.0
Identities = 11/45 (24%), Positives = 21/45 (46%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVP 50
G+ ++ A ++G+ + A G+ V+ L RR V A+
Sbjct: 140 GQWLIQNAAGGAVGKLVAMLAAARGINVINLVRRDAGVAELRALG 184
>gnl|CDD|236229 PRK08303, PRK08303, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 305
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 5.2
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 22/47 (46%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRST 47
M G++ LV GA G + EL +G TV + R R RRS
Sbjct: 3 MKPLRGKVALVAGATRGAGRGIAVELGAAGATVY-VTGRSTRARRSE 48
>gnl|CDD|187641 cd08936, CR_SDR_c, Porcine peroxisomal carbonyl reductase like,
classical (c) SDR. This subgroup contains porcine
peroxisomal carbonyl reductase and similar proteins.
The porcine enzyme efficiently reduces retinals. This
subgroup also includes human dehydrogenase/reductase
(SDR family) member 4 (DHRS4), and human DHRS4L1. DHRS4
is a peroxisomal enzyme with 3beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase activity; it catalyzes the reduction of
3-keto-C19/C21-steroids into 3beta-hydroxysteroids more
efficiently than it does the retinal reduction. The
human DHRS4 gene cluster contains DHRS4, DHRS4L2 and
DHRS4L1. DHRS4L2 and DHRS4L1 are paralogs of DHRS4,
DHRS4L2 being the most recent member. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 256
Score = 24.0 bits (52), Expect = 5.4
Identities = 13/43 (30%), Positives = 23/43 (53%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTA 48
++ LVT + +G + + LA G VV +R++ V R+ A
Sbjct: 10 NKVALVTASTDGIGLAIARRLAQDGAHVVVSSRKQQNVDRAVA 52
>gnl|CDD|224411 COG1494, GlpX, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase/sedoheptulose
1,7-bisphosphatase and related proteins [Carbohydrate
transport and metabolism].
Length = 332
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 5.6
Identities = 10/19 (52%), Positives = 11/19 (57%)
Query: 23 CKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
+LS LTVV L R RH
Sbjct: 149 ALGKSLSDLTVVILDRPRH 167
>gnl|CDD|180458 PRK06194, PRK06194, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 287
Score = 24.2 bits (53), Expect = 5.6
Identities = 10/34 (29%), Positives = 18/34 (52%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
M + G++ ++TGA S G + A G+ +V
Sbjct: 1 MKDFAGKVAVITGAASGFGLAFARIGAALGMKLV 34
>gnl|CDD|177895 PLN02253, PLN02253, xanthoxin dehydrogenase.
Length = 280
Score = 24.0 bits (52), Expect = 5.8
Identities = 8/23 (34%), Positives = 16/23 (69%)
Query: 2 DRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCK 24
R +G++ LVTG + +GE++ +
Sbjct: 14 QRLLGKVALVTGGATGIGESIVR 36
>gnl|CDD|187665 cd09805, type2_17beta_HSD-like_SDR_c, human 17beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase type 2 (type 2 17beta-HSD)-like,
classical (c) SDRs. 17beta-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenases are a group of isozymes that catalyze
activation and inactivation of estrogen and androgens.
This classical-SDR subgroup includes the human
proteins: type 2 17beta-HSD, type 6 17beta-HSD, type 2
11beta-HSD, dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member
9, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 9C
member 7, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase type 1, and
retinol dehydrogenase 5. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are
approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between
different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30%
range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 281
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 12/25 (48%), Positives = 14/25 (56%)
Query: 9 VLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTV 33
VL+TG S G L K+L G TV
Sbjct: 3 VLITGCDSGFGNLLAKKLDSLGFTV 27
>gnl|CDD|236747 PRK10736, PRK10736, hypothetical protein; Provisional.
Length = 374
Score = 24.1 bits (53), Expect = 6.2
Identities = 12/21 (57%), Positives = 15/21 (71%), Gaps = 1/21 (4%)
Query: 19 GETLCKELALSGLTVV-GLAR 38
G C+ELA +GLT+ GLAR
Sbjct: 126 GRLFCEELAKNGLTITSGLAR 146
>gnl|CDD|187648 cd08944, SDR_c12, classical (c) SDR, subgroup 12. These are
classical SDRs, with the canonical active site tetrad
and glycine-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a
functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that
have a single domain with a structurally conserved
Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a
central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a
structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs
are typically about 250 residues long, while extended
SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity
between different SDR enzymes are typically in the
15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold
NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and
catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a
wide range of activities including the metabolism of
steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic
compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing.
Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding
motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr
residue of the active site motif serving as a critical
catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is
often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing
to the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a
TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs
have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual
NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site
residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family
include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization,
C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity,
dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and
carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.
Length = 246
Score = 24.0 bits (52), Expect = 6.2
Identities = 11/29 (37%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++ +VTGA + +G LA G VV
Sbjct: 3 GKVAIVTGAGAGIGAACAARLAREGARVV 31
>gnl|CDD|176231 cd08270, MDR4, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 305
Score = 23.9 bits (52), Expect = 6.3
Identities = 15/39 (38%), Positives = 20/39 (51%)
Query: 5 IGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV 43
+GR VLVTGA +G + AL+G VV + R
Sbjct: 132 LGRRVLVTGASGGVGRFAVQLAALAGAHVVAVVGSPARA 170
>gnl|CDD|236173 PRK08177, PRK08177, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 225
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 6.6
Identities = 14/46 (30%), Positives = 17/46 (36%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRRSTAVPKV 52
R L+ GA LG L L G V R + A+P V
Sbjct: 2 RTALIIGASRGLGLGLVDRLLERGWQVTATVRGPQQDTALQALPGV 47
>gnl|CDD|223677 COG0604, Qor, NADPH:quinone reductase and related Zn-dependent
oxidoreductases [Energy production and conversion /
General function prediction only].
Length = 326
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 6.8
Identities = 11/42 (26%), Positives = 16/42 (38%)
Query: 4 WIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
G VLV GA +G + G TVV + ++
Sbjct: 141 KPGETVLVHGAAGGVGSAAIQLAKALGATVVAVVSSSEKLEL 182
>gnl|CDD|215232 PLN02422, PLN02422, dephospho-CoA kinase.
Length = 232
Score = 23.9 bits (52), Expect = 6.9
Identities = 10/28 (35%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
R+V +TG +S T+ SG+ VV
Sbjct: 2 RVVGLTGGIASGKSTVSNLFKSSGIPVV 29
>gnl|CDD|180343 PRK05993, PRK05993, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 277
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 6.9
Identities = 11/39 (28%), Positives = 16/39 (41%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVRR 45
R +L+TG S +G + L G V R+ V
Sbjct: 5 RSILITGCSSGIGAYCARALQSDGWRVFATCRKEEDVAA 43
>gnl|CDD|235703 PRK06125, PRK06125, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 259
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 7.0
Identities = 13/39 (33%), Positives = 19/39 (48%), Gaps = 1/39 (2%)
Query: 1 MD-RWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLAR 38
MD G+ VL+TGA +G + A G + +AR
Sbjct: 1 MDLHLAGKRVLITGASKGIGAAAAEAFAAEGCHLHLVAR 39
>gnl|CDD|187656 cd08953, KR_2_SDR_x, ketoreductase (KR), subgroup 2, complex (x)
SDRs. Ketoreductase, a module of the multidomain
polyketide synthase (PKS), has 2 subdomains, each
corresponding to a SDR family monomer. The C-terminal
subdomain catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the
beta-carbonyl of a polyketide to a hydroxyl group, a
step in the biosynthesis of polyketides, such as
erythromycin. The N-terminal subdomain, an interdomain
linker, is a truncated Rossmann fold which acts to
stabilizes the catalytic subdomain. Unlike typical SDRs,
the isolated domain does not oligomerize but is composed
of 2 subdomains, each resembling an SDR monomer. The
active site resembles that of typical SDRs, except that
the usual positions of the catalytic Asn and Tyr are
swapped, so that the canonical YXXXK motif changes to
YXXXN. Modular PKSs are multifunctional structures in
which the makeup recapitulates that found in (and may
have evolved from) FAS. Polyketide synthesis also
proceeds via the addition of 2-carbon units as in fatty
acid synthesis. The complex SDR NADP-binding motif,
GGXGXXG, is often present, but is not strictly conserved
in each instance of the module. This subfamily includes
both KR domains of the Bacillus subtilis Pks J,-L, and
PksM, and all three KR domains of PksN, components of
the megacomplex bacillaene synthase, which synthesizes
the antibiotic bacillaene. SDRs are a functionally
diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single
domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold
(alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet),
an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse
C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about
250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately
350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR
enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the
enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and
characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence
patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of
activities including the metabolism of steroids,
cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds,
and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical
SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a
YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the
active site motif serving as a critical catalytic
residue (Tyr-151, human prostaglandin dehydrogenase
(PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there
is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, PGDH numbering)
and/or an Asn (Asn-107, PGDH numbering) contributing to
the active site; while substrate binding is in the
C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The
standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride
transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr
and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and
nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in
the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG
cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such
as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a
GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site
motif (YXXXN). Fungal type KRs have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G
NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost
catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding
motif and missing or unusual active site residues.
Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include
isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond
reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation,
Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol
oxidoreduction.
Length = 436
Score = 23.9 bits (52), Expect = 7.4
Identities = 13/35 (37%), Positives = 17/35 (48%), Gaps = 1/35 (2%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELA-LSGLTVVGLARR 39
G + LVTG +G L + LA G +V L R
Sbjct: 205 GGVYLVTGGAGGIGRALARALARRYGARLVLLGRS 239
>gnl|CDD|176257 cd08297, CAD3, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 23.6 bits (52), Expect = 7.5
Identities = 10/21 (47%), Positives = 11/21 (52%)
Query: 15 CSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVG 35
C + ETLC SG TV G
Sbjct: 99 CRTGDETLCPNQKNSGYTVDG 119
>gnl|CDD|235628 PRK05855, PRK05855, short chain dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 582
Score = 23.8 bits (52), Expect = 8.2
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 16/29 (55%)
Query: 6 GRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
G++V+VTGA S +G A G VV
Sbjct: 315 GKLVVVTGAGSGIGRETALAFAREGAEVV 343
>gnl|CDD|135637 PRK05876, PRK05876, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 275
Score = 23.8 bits (51), Expect = 8.2
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 17/34 (50%)
Query: 1 MDRWIGRIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVV 34
MD + GR ++TG S +G E A G VV
Sbjct: 1 MDGFPGRGAVITGGASGIGLATGTEFARRGARVV 34
>gnl|CDD|217156 pfam02634, FdhD-NarQ, FdhD/NarQ family. A pan-bacterial lineage of
proteins. Nitrate assimilation protein, NarQ, and FdhD
are required for formate dehydrogenase activity.
Structurally, they possess a deaminase fold with a
characteristic binding pocket, suggesting that they
might bind a nucleotide or related molecule
allosterically to regulate the formate dehydrogenase
catalytic subunit.
Length = 235
Score = 23.6 bits (52), Expect = 9.0
Identities = 15/34 (44%), Positives = 20/34 (58%), Gaps = 4/34 (11%)
Query: 9 VLVT-GACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRH 41
VLV+ A +SL L +EL G+T+VG AR
Sbjct: 194 VLVSRSAPTSLAVELAEEL---GITLVGFARGGR 224
>gnl|CDD|168186 PRK05693, PRK05693, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 274
Score = 23.6 bits (51), Expect = 9.0
Identities = 12/37 (32%), Positives = 17/37 (45%)
Query: 8 IVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRVR 44
+VL+TG S +G L +G V AR+ V
Sbjct: 3 VVLITGCSSGIGRALADAFKAAGYEVWATARKAEDVE 39
>gnl|CDD|181298 PRK08219, PRK08219, short chain dehydrogenase; Provisional.
Length = 227
Score = 23.4 bits (51), Expect = 9.3
Identities = 10/51 (19%), Positives = 19/51 (37%), Gaps = 15/51 (29%)
Query: 7 RIVLVTGACSSLGETLCKELALSGLTVVGLARRRHRV----RRSTAVPKVE 53
L+TGA +G + +ELA H + R + + ++
Sbjct: 4 PTALITGASRGIGAAIARELA-----------PTHTLLLGGRPAERLDELA 43
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.328 0.139 0.425
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0728 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 3,207,623
Number of extensions: 228220
Number of successful extensions: 755
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 755
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 254
Length of query: 62
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 33
Effective length of query: 29
Effective length of database: 9,473,920
Effective search space: 274743680
Effective search space used: 274743680
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 15 ( 7.1 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 40 (21.8 bits)
S2: 53 (24.2 bits)