RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy8455
(101 letters)
>gnl|CDD|198179 cd09925, SH2_SHC, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in SH2 adaptor
protein C (SHC). SHC is involved in a wide variety of
pathways including regulating proliferation,
angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and bone
metabolism. An adapter protein, SHC has been implicated
in Ras activation following the stimulation of a number
of different receptors, including growth factors
[insulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), nerve growth
factor, and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)],
cytokines [interleukins 2, 3, and 5], erythropoietin,
and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor,
and antigens [T-cell and B-cell receptors]. SHC has been
shown to bind to tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors, and
receptor stimulation leads to tyrosine phosphorylation
of SHC. Upon phosphorylation, SHC interacts with another
adapter protein, Grb2, which binds to the Ras GTP/GDP
exchange factor mSOS which leads to Ras activation. SHC
is composed of an N-terminal domain that interacts with
proteins containing phosphorylated tyrosines, a
(glycine/proline)-rich collagen-homology domain that
contains the phosphorylated binding site, and a
C-terminal SH2 domain. SH2 has been shown to interact
with the tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors of EGF and
PDGF and with the tyrosine-phosphorylated C chain of the
T-cell receptor, providing one of the mechanisms of
T-cell-mediated Ras activation. In general SH2 domains
are involved in signal transduction. They typically
bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a
pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins
with SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 104
Score = 140 bits (354), Expect = 7e-45
Identities = 56/77 (72%), Positives = 62/77 (80%)
Query: 12 RQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQN 71
+ DGDFLVRES +PGQYVLTG Q G KHLLL+DPEGVVRTKDR+FES+SHL+NYH N
Sbjct: 24 QTDGDFLVRESTTTPGQYVLTGMQNGQPKHLLLVDPEGVVRTKDRVFESISHLINYHVTN 83
Query: 72 QLPIISAESALILRNPV 88
LPIIS S L LR PV
Sbjct: 84 GLPIISEGSELHLRRPV 100
>gnl|CDD|214585 smart00252, SH2, Src homology 2 domains. Src homology 2 domains
bind phosphotyrosine-containing polypeptides via 2
surface pockets. Specificity is provided via
interaction with residues that are distinct from the
phosphotyrosine. Only a single occurrence of a SH2
domain has been found in S. cerevisiae.
Length = 84
Score = 57.2 bits (139), Expect = 2e-12
Identities = 24/63 (38%), Positives = 35/63 (55%), Gaps = 2/63 (3%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLI-DPEGVVRTKDRM-FESVSHLVNYHCQN 71
DGDFLVR+S+ SPG YVL+ G KH + + +G + F S+ LV ++ +N
Sbjct: 22 DGDFLVRDSESSPGDYVLSVRVKGKVKHYRIRRNEDGKFYLEGGRKFPSLVELVEHYQKN 81
Query: 72 QLP 74
L
Sbjct: 82 SLG 84
>gnl|CDD|215658 pfam00017, SH2, SH2 domain.
Length = 77
Score = 54.9 bits (133), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 21/58 (36%), Positives = 28/58 (48%), Gaps = 2/58 (3%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLI--DPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYH 68
DG FLVRES+ PG Y L+ G KH + D G + F S+ LV ++
Sbjct: 20 PDGTFLVRESESKPGDYTLSVRDDGRVKHYRIQSLDNGGYYISGGVTFNSLPELVEHY 77
>gnl|CDD|198224 cd10361, SH2_Fps_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
feline sarcoma, Fujinami poultry sarcoma, and
fes-related (Fes/Fps/Fer) proteins. The Fps family
consists of members Fps/Fes and Fer/Flk/Tyk3. They are
cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinases implicated in
signaling downstream from cytokines, growth factors and
immune receptors. Fes/Fps/Fer contains three
coiled-coil regions, an SH2 (Src-homology-2) and a TK
(tyrosine kinase catalytic) domain signature. Members
here include: Fps/Fes, Fer, Kin-31, and In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 90
Score = 52.1 bits (126), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 22/68 (32%), Positives = 39/68 (57%), Gaps = 4/68 (5%)
Query: 12 RQDGDFLVRESQ---GSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLL-IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNY 67
+ DGDFLVR+++ G + VL+ G +H ++ D G + + F+S+S L+NY
Sbjct: 23 KNDGDFLVRKTEPKGGGKRKLVLSVRWDGKIRHFVINRDDGGKYYIEGKSFKSISELINY 82
Query: 68 HCQNQLPI 75
+ + + PI
Sbjct: 83 YQKTKEPI 90
>gnl|CDD|198200 cd10337, SH2_BCAR3, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain in the Breast
Cancer Anti-estrogen Resistance protein 3. BCAR3 is
part of a growing family of guanine nucleotide exchange
factors is responsible for activation of Ras-family
GTPases, including Sos1 and 2, GRF1 and 2,
CalDAG-GEF/GRP1-4, C3G, cAMP-GEF/Epac 1 and 2, PDZ-GEFs,
MR-GEF, RalGDS family members, RalGPS, RasGEF, Smg GDS,
and phospholipase C(epsilon). 12102558 21262352 BCAR3
binds to the carboxy-terminus of BCAR1/p130Cas, a focal
adhesion adapter protein. Over expression of BCAR1
(p130Cas) and BCAR3 induces estrogen independent growth
in normally estrogen-dependent cell lines. They have
been linked to resistance to anti-estrogens in breast
cancer, Rac activation, and cell motility, though the
BCAR3/p130Cas complex is not required for this activity
in BCAR3. Many BCAR3-mediated signaling events in
epithelial and mesenchymal cells are independent of
p130Cas association. Structurally these proteins contain
a single SH2 domain upstream of their RasGEF domain,
which is responsible for the ability of BCAR3 to enhance
p130Cas over-expression-induced migration. In general
SH2 domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing
proteins with SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine
phosphorylated sites.
Length = 136
Score = 51.2 bits (123), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 32/86 (37%), Positives = 45/86 (52%), Gaps = 10/86 (11%)
Query: 12 RQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLI-----DPEGVVRT----KDRMFESVS 62
+++GDFLVR+S SPG YVLT G H + E R +D F+S+
Sbjct: 23 QREGDFLVRDSLSSPGDYVLTCRWKGQPLHFKINRVVLRPSEAYTRVQYQFEDEQFDSIP 82
Query: 63 HLVNYHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPV 88
LV+++ N+ PI A A+I R PV
Sbjct: 83 ALVHFYVGNRRPISQASGAIISR-PV 107
>gnl|CDD|198173 cd00173, SH2, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain. In general, SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction; they bind
pTyr-containing polypeptide ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites. They are present in a
wide array of proteins including: adaptor proteins
(Nck1, Crk, Grb2), scaffolds (Slp76, Shc, Dapp1),
kinases (Src, Syk, Fps, Tec), phosphatases (Shp-1,
Shp-2), transcription factors (STAT1), Ras signaling
molecules (Ras-Gap), ubiquitination factors (c-Cbl),
cytoskeleton regulators (Tensin), signal regulators
(SAP), and phospholipid second messengers (PLCgamma),
amongst others.
Length = 79
Score = 48.6 bits (116), Expect = 4e-09
Identities = 24/62 (38%), Positives = 32/62 (51%), Gaps = 4/62 (6%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEG---VVRTKDRMFESVSHLVN 66
+ DG FLVRES PG YVL+ G KH L+ EG ++ R F S+ LV
Sbjct: 18 GKPDGTFLVRESSSEPGDYVLSVRSGDGKVKHYLIERNEGGYYLLGGSGRTFPSLPELVE 77
Query: 67 YH 68
++
Sbjct: 78 HY 79
>gnl|CDD|199831 cd10369, SH2_Src_Frk, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
Fyn-related kinase (Frk). Frk is a member of the Src
non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of proteins.
The Frk subfamily is composed of Frk/Rak and
Iyk/Bsk/Gst. It is expressed primarily epithelial
cells. Frk is a nuclear protein and may function
during G1 and S phase of the cell cycle and suppress
growth. Unlike the other Src members it lacks a glycine
at position 2 of SH4 which is important for addition of
a myristic acid moiety that is involved in targeting
Src PTKs to cellular membranes. FRK and SHB exert
similar effects when overexpressed in rat
phaeochromocytoma (PC12) and beta-cells, where both
induce PC12 cell differentiation and beta-cell
proliferation. Under conditions that cause beta-cell
degeneration these proteins augment beta-cell
apoptosis. The FRK-SHB responses involve FAK and
insulin receptor substrates (IRS) -1 and -2. Frk has
been demonstrated to interact with retinoblastoma
protein. Frk regulates PTEN protein stability by
phosphorylating PTEN, which in turn prevents PTEN
degradation. Frk also plays a role in regulation of
embryonal pancreatic beta cell formation. Frk has a
unique N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain,
a kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as do the other
members of the family. Like the other members of the
Src family the SH2 domain in addition to binding the
target, also plays an autoinhibitory role by binding to
its activation loop. The tryosine involved is at the
same site as the tyrosine involved in the
autophosphorylation of Src. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 96
Score = 44.9 bits (106), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 20/65 (30%), Positives = 34/65 (52%), Gaps = 2/65 (3%)
Query: 9 FPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVN 66
+ Q G FL+RES+ G++ L+ GG KH + +D G T+ + F +++ VN
Sbjct: 21 YSENQTGAFLIRESESQKGEFSLSVLDGGVVKHYRIRRLDEGGFFLTRRKTFSTLNEFVN 80
Query: 67 YHCQN 71
Y+
Sbjct: 81 YYTTT 85
>gnl|CDD|198189 cd09935, SH2_ABL, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Abelson
murine lymphosarcoma virus (ABL) proteins. ABL-family
proteins are highly conserved tyrosine kinases. Each
ABL protein contains an SH3-SH2-TK (Src homology 3-Src
homology 2-tyrosine kinase) domain cassette, which
confers autoregulated kinase activity and is common
among nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. Several types of
posttranslational modifications control ABL catalytic
activity, subcellular localization, and stability, with
consequences for both cytoplasmic and nuclear ABL
functions. Binding partners provide additional
regulation of ABL catalytic activity, substrate
specificity, and downstream signaling. By combining
this cassette with actin-binding and -bundling domain,
ABL proteins are capable of connecting
phosphoregulation with actin-filament reorganization.
Vertebrate paralogs, ABL1 and ABL2, have evolved to
perform specialized functions. ABL1 includes nuclear
localization signals and a DNA binding domain which is
used to mediate DNA damage-repair functions, while ABL2
has additional binding capacity for actin and for
microtubules to enhance its cytoskeletal remodeling
functions. SH2 is involved in several autoinhibitory
mechanism that constrain the enzymatic activity of the
ABL-family kinases. In one mechanism SH2 and SH3 cradle
the kinase domain while a cap sequence stabilizes the
inactive conformation resulting in a locked inactive
state. Another involves phosphatidylinositol
4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) which binds the SH2 domain
through residues normally required for phosphotyrosine
binding in the linker segment between the SH2 and
kinase domains. The SH2 domain contributes to ABL
catalytic activity and target site specificity. It is
thought that the ABL catalytic site and SH2 pocket have
coevolved to recognize the same sequences. Recent work
now supports a hierarchical processivity model in which
the substrate target site most compatible with ABL
kinase domain preferences is phosphorylated with
greatest efficiency. If this site is compatible with
the ABL SH2 domain specificity, it will then reposition
and dock in the SH2 pocket. This mechanism also
explains how ABL kinases phosphorylates poor targets on
the same substrate if they are properly positioned and
how relatively poor substrate proteins might be
recruited to ABL through a complex with strong
substrates that can also dock with the SH2 pocket. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 94
Score = 44.3 bits (105), Expect = 3e-07
Identities = 23/60 (38%), Positives = 38/60 (63%), Gaps = 2/60 (3%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVR-TKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQN 71
+G FLVRES+ SPGQY ++ Y G + + D +G V T++ F +++ LV++H +N
Sbjct: 24 NGSFLVRESESSPGQYSISLRYDGRVYHYRISEDSDGKVYVTQEHRFNTLAELVHHHSKN 83
>gnl|CDD|198185 cd09931, SH2_C-SH2_SHP_like, C-terminal Src homology 2 (C-SH2)
domain found in SH2 domain Phosphatases (SHP) proteins.
The SH2 domain phosphatases (SHP-1, SHP-2/Syp,
Drosophila corkscrew (csw), and Caenorhabditis elegans
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (Ptp-2)) are cytoplasmic
signaling enzymes. They are both targeted and regulated
by interactions of their SH2 domains with
phosphotyrosine docking sites. These proteins contain
two SH2 domains (N-SH2, C-SH2) followed by a tyrosine
phosphatase (PTP) domain, and a C-terminal extension.
Shp1 and Shp2 have two tyrosyl phosphorylation sites in
their C-tails, which are phosphorylated differentially
by receptor and nonreceptor PTKs. Csw retains the
proximal tyrosine and Ptp-2 lacks both sites.
Shp-binding proteins include receptors, scaffolding
adapters, and inhibitory receptors. Some of these bind
both Shp1 and Shp2 while others bind only one. Most
proteins that bind a Shp SH2 domain contain one or more
immuno-receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs
(ITIMs): [SIVL]xpYxx[IVL]. Shp1 N-SH2 domain blocks
the catalytic domain and keeps the enzyme in the
inactive conformation, and is thus believed to regulate
the phosphatase activity of SHP-1. Its C-SH2 domain is
thought to be involved in searching for phosphotyrosine
activators. The SHP2 N-SH2 domain is a conformational
switch; it either binds and inhibits the phosphatase,
or it binds phosphoproteins and activates the enzyme.
The C-SH2 domain contributes binding energy and
specificity, but it does not have a direct role in
activation. Csw SH2 domain function is essential, but
either SH2 domain can fulfill this requirement. The
role of the csw SH2 domains during Sevenless receptor
tyrosine kinase (SEV) signaling is to bind Daughter of
Sevenless rather than activated SEV. Ptp-2 acts in
oocytes downstream of sheath/oocyte gap junctions to
promote major sperm protein (MSP)-induced MAP Kinase
(MPK-1) phosphorylation. Ptp-2 functions in the oocyte
cytoplasm, not at the cell surface to inhibit multiple
RasGAPs, resulting in sustained Ras activation. It is
thought that MSP triggers PTP-2/Ras activation and ROS
production to stimulate MPK-1 activity essential for
oocyte maturation and that secreted MSP domains and
Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases function antagonistically
to control ROS and MAPK signaling. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 99
Score = 43.4 bits (103), Expect = 6e-07
Identities = 23/80 (28%), Positives = 42/80 (52%), Gaps = 7/80 (8%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRT---KDRMFESVSHLVNYHC 69
+ G FLVRESQ PG +VL+ K ++I +G + F+S++ LV ++
Sbjct: 21 KPGSFLVRESQSKPGDFVLSVRTDDDKVTHIMIRCQGGKYDVGGGEE-FDSLTDLVEHYK 79
Query: 70 QNQLPIISAESALI-LRNPV 88
+N P++ ++ L+ P+
Sbjct: 80 KN--PMVETSGTVVHLKQPL 97
>gnl|CDD|198193 cd09940, SH2_Vav_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
Vav family. Vav proteins are involved in several
processes that require cytoskeletal reorganization,
such as the formation of the immunological synapse
(IS), phagocytosis, platelet aggregation, spreading,
and transformation. Vavs function as guanine
nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Rho/Rac
family of GTPases. Vav family members have several
conserved motifs/domains including: a leucine-rich
region, a leucine-zipper, a calponin homology (CH)
domain, an acidic domain, a Dbl-homology (DH) domain, a
pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a cysteine-rich
domain, 2 SH3 domains, a proline-rich region, and a
SH2 domain. Vavs are the only known Rho GEFs that have
both the DH/PH motifs and SH2/SH3 domains in the same
protein. The leucine-rich helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain
is thought to be involved in protein heterodimerization
with other HLH proteins and it may function as a
negative regulator by forming inactive heterodimers.
The CH domain is usually involved in the association
with filamentous actin, but in Vav it controls NFAT
stimulation, Ca2+ mobilization, and its transforming
activity. Acidic domains are involved in
protein-protein interactions and contain regulatory
tyrosines. The DH domain is a GDP-GTP exchange factor
on Rho/Rac GTPases. The PH domain in involved in
interactions with GTP-binding proteins, lipids and/or
phosphorylated serine/threonine residues. The SH3
domain is involved in localization of proteins to
specific sites within the cell interacting with protein
with proline-rich sequences. The SH2 domain mediates a
high affinity interaction with tyrosine phosphorylated
proteins. There are three Vav mammalian family
members: Vav1 which is expressed in the hematopoietic
system, Vav2 and Vav3 are more ubiquitously expressed.
The members here include insect and amphibian Vavs. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 102
Score = 41.1 bits (97), Expect = 5e-06
Identities = 22/65 (33%), Positives = 35/65 (53%), Gaps = 2/65 (3%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHL-LLIDPEGVVR-TKDRMFESVSHLVNYH 68
+R DG +LVR QY L+ G KH+ + +G+ ++ R F+S+ LVNY+
Sbjct: 23 NRPDGTYLVRVRPQGETQYALSIKYNGDVKHMKIEQRSDGLYYLSESRHFKSLVELVNYY 82
Query: 69 CQNQL 73
+N L
Sbjct: 83 ERNSL 87
>gnl|CDD|198209 cd10346, SH2_SH2B_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
SH2B adapter protein family. The SH2B adapter protein
family has 3 members: SH2B1 (SH2-B, PSM), SH2B2
(APS), and SH2B3 (Lnk). SH2B family members contain a
pleckstrin homology domain, at least one dimerization
domain, and a C-terminal SH2 domain which binds to
phosphorylated tyrosines in a variety of tyrosine
kinases. SH2B1 and SH2B2 function in signaling
pathways found downstream of growth hormone receptor
and receptor tyrosine kinases, including the insulin,
insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), platelet-derived
growth factor (PDGF), nerve growth factor, hepatocyte
growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor receptors.
SH2B2beta, a new isoform of SH2B2, is an endogenous
inhibitor of SH2B1 and/or SH2B2 (SH2B2alpha),
negatively regulating insulin signaling and/or
JAK2-mediated cellular responses. SH2B3 negatively
regulates lymphopoiesis and early hematopoiesis. The
lnk-deficiency results in enhanced production of B
cells, and expansion as well as enhanced function of
hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), demonstrating negative
regulatory functions of Sh2b3/Lnk in cytokine
signaling. Sh2b3/Lnk also functions in responses
controlled by cell adhesion and in crosstalk between
integrin- and cytokine-mediated signaling. In general
SH2 domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 97
Score = 40.9 bits (96), Expect = 6e-06
Identities = 23/64 (35%), Positives = 37/64 (57%), Gaps = 1/64 (1%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHL-LLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
G FLVR+S+ G++VLT G KHL L ++ +G R + F S+ ++ + QN +
Sbjct: 33 GVFLVRQSETRRGEFVLTFNFQGRAKHLRLTLNEKGQCRVQHLWFPSIFDMLEHFRQNPI 92
Query: 74 PIIS 77
P+ S
Sbjct: 93 PLES 96
>gnl|CDD|198196 cd09943, SH2_Nck_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
Nck family. Nck proteins are adaptors that modulate
actin cytoskeleton dynamics by linking proline-rich
effector molecules to tyrosine kinases or
phosphorylated signaling intermediates. There are two
members known in this family: Nck1 (Nckalpha) and Nck2
(Nckbeta and Growth factor receptor-bound protein 4
(Grb4)). They are characterized by having 3 SH3
domains and a C-terminal SH2 domain. Nck1 and Nck2 have
overlapping functions as determined by gene knockouts.
Both bind receptor tyrosine kinases and other
tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins through their SH2
domains. In addition they also bind distinct targets.
Neuronal signaling proteins: EphrinB1, EphrinB2, and
Disabled-1 (Dab-1) all bind to Nck-2 exclusively. And
in the case of PDGFR, Tyr(P)751 binds to Nck1 while
Tyr(P)1009 binds to Nck2. Nck1 and Nck2 have a role in
the infection process of enteropathogenic Escherichia
coli (EPEC). Their SH3 domains are involved in
recruiting and activating the N-WASP/Arp2/3 complex
inducing actin polymerization resulting in the
production of pedestals, dynamic bacteria-presenting
protrusions of the plasma membrane. A similar thing
occurs in the vaccinia virus where motile plasma
membrane projections are formed beneath the virus.
Recently it has been shown that the SH2 domains of both
Nck1 and Nck2 bind the G-protein coupled receptor
kinase-interacting protein 1 (GIT1) in a
phosphorylation-dependent manner. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 93
Score = 40.2 bits (94), Expect = 9e-06
Identities = 20/66 (30%), Positives = 36/66 (54%), Gaps = 2/66 (3%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
+GDFL+R+S+ +PG Y ++ G KH + + V R F ++ LV ++ +
Sbjct: 23 EGDFLIRDSESNPGDYSVSLKAPGRNKHFKVQVVDNVYCIGQRKFHTMDELVEHY--KKA 80
Query: 74 PIISAE 79
PI ++E
Sbjct: 81 PIFTSE 86
>gnl|CDD|198195 cd09942, SH2_nSH2_p85_like, N-terminal Src homology 2 (nSH2) domain
found in p85. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are
essential for cell growth, migration, and survival.
p110, the catalytic subunit, is composed of an
adaptor-binding domain, a Ras-binding domain, a C2
domain, a helical domain, and a kinase domain. The
regulatory unit is called p85 and is composed of an SH3
domain, a RhoGap domain, a N-terminal SH2 (nSH2) domain,
an internal SH2 (iSH2) domain, and C-terminal (cSH2)
domain. There are 2 inhibitory interactions between
p110alpha and p85 of P13K: (1) p85 nSH2 domain with the
C2, helical, and kinase domains of p110alpha and (2) p85
iSH2 domain with C2 domain of p110alpha. There are 3
inhibitory interactions between p110beta and p85 of
P13K: (1) p85 nSH2 domain with the C2, helical, and
kinase domains of p110beta, (2) p85 iSH2 domain with C2
domain of p110alpha, and (3) p85 cSH2 domain with the
kinase domain of p110alpha. It is interesting to note
that p110beta is oncogenic as a wild type protein while
p110alpha lacks this ability. One explanation is the
idea that the regulation of p110beta by p85 is unique
because of the addition of inhibitory contacts from the
cSH2 domain and the loss of contacts in the iSH2 domain.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 110
Score = 40.8 bits (96), Expect = 9e-06
Identities = 26/78 (33%), Positives = 40/78 (51%), Gaps = 1/78 (1%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRM-FESVSHLVNYHCQNQ 72
DG FLVR++ G Y LT +GG K + + +G D + F SV L+NY+ N
Sbjct: 28 DGTFLVRDASTMKGDYTLTLRKGGNNKLIKIFHRDGKYGFSDPLTFNSVVELINYYRNNS 87
Query: 73 LPIISAESALILRNPVAK 90
L + + + L PV++
Sbjct: 88 LAEYNRKLDVKLLYPVSR 105
>gnl|CDD|198215 cd10352, SH2_a2chimerin_b2chimerin, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain
found in alpha2-chimerin and beta2-chimerin proteins.
Chimerins are a family of phorbol ester- and
diacylglycerol-responsive GTPase-activating proteins.
Alpha1-chimerin (formerly known as n-chimerin) and
alpha2-chimerin are alternatively spliced products of a
single gene, as are beta1- and beta2-chimerin. alpha1-
and beta1-chimerin have a relatively short N-terminal
region that does not encode any recognizable domains,
whereas alpha2- and beta2-chimerin both include a
functional SH2 domain that can bind to phosphotyrosine
motifs within receptors. All of the isoforms contain a
GAP domain with specificity in vitro for Rac1 and a
diacylglycerol (DAG)-binding C1 domain which allows
them to translocate to membranes in response to DAG
signaling and anchors them in close proximity to
activated Rac. Other C1 domain-containing
diacylglycerol receptors including: PKC, Munc-13
proteins, phorbol ester binding scaffolding proteins
involved in Ca2+-stimulated exocytosis, and RasGRPs,
diacylglycerol-activated guanine-nucleotide exchange
factors (GEFs) for Ras and Rap1. In general SH2 domains
are involved in signal transduction. They typically
bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a
pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins
with SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 91
Score = 39.3 bits (92), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 16/55 (29%), Positives = 27/55 (49%), Gaps = 2/55 (3%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVV-RTKDRMFESVSHLV 65
DG +L+RES G Y L+ + G K + L D + ++ F+++ LV
Sbjct: 26 SDGSYLIRESSRDDGYYTLSLRFNGKVKNYKLYYDGKNHYHYVGEKRFDTIHDLV 80
>gnl|CDD|199828 cd09941, SH2_Grb2_like, Src homology 2 domain found in Growth
factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) and similar
proteins. The adaptor proteins here include homologs
Grb2 in humans, Sex muscle abnormal protein 5 (Sem-5)
in Caenorhabditis elegans, and Downstream of receptor
kinase (drk) in Drosophila melanogaster. They are
composed of one SH2 and two SH3 domains. Grb2/Sem-5/drk
regulates the Ras pathway by linking the tyrosine
kinases to the Ras guanine nucleotide releasing protein
Sos, which converts Ras to the active GTP-bound state.
The SH2 domain of Grb2/Sem-5/drk binds class II
phosphotyrosyl peptides while its SH3 domain binds to
Sos and Sos-derived, proline-rich peptides. Besides it
function in Ras signaling, Grb2 is also thought to play
a role in apoptosis. Unlike most SH2 structures in
which the peptide binds in an extended conformation
(such that the +3 peptide residue occupies a
hydrophobic pocket in the protein, conferring a modest
degree of selectivity), Grb2 forms several hydrogen
bonds via main chain atoms with the side chain of +2
Asn. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 95
Score = 38.8 bits (91), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 26/75 (34%), Positives = 37/75 (49%), Gaps = 4/75 (5%)
Query: 12 RQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHL-LLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQ 70
R DG FL+RES+ SPG + L+ G +H +L D G F S++ LV+YH
Sbjct: 23 RPDGAFLIRESESSPGDFSLSVKFGNDVQHFKVLRDGAGKYFLWVVKFNSLNELVDYHRT 82
Query: 71 NQLPIISAESALILR 85
+S + LR
Sbjct: 83 TS---VSRNQQIFLR 94
>gnl|CDD|198198 cd09945, SH2_SHB_SHD_SHE_SHF_like, Src homology 2 domain found in
SH2 domain-containing adapter proteins B, D, E, and F
(SHB, SHD, SHE, SHF). SHB, SHD, SHE, and SHF are SH2
domain-containing proteins that play various roles
throughout the cell. SHB functions in generating
signaling compounds in response to tyrosine kinase
activation. SHB contains proline-rich motifs, a
phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain, tyrosine
phosphorylation sites, and a SH2 domain. SHB mediates
certain aspects of platelet-derived growth factor
(PDGF) receptor-, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
receptor-, neural growth factor (NGF) receptor TRKA-, T
cell receptor-, interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor- and
focal adhesion kinase- (FAK) signaling. SRC-like
FYN-Related Kinase FRK/RAK (also named BSK/IYK or GTK)
and SHB regulate apoptosis, proliferation and
differentiation. SHB promotes apoptosis and is also
required for proper mitogenicity, spreading and tubular
morphogenesis in endothelial cells. SHB also plays a
role in preventing early cavitation of embryoid bodies
and reduces differentiation to cells expressing
albumin, amylase, insulin and glucagon. SHB is a
multifunctional protein that has difference responses
in different cells under various conditions. SHE is
expressed in heart, lung, brain, and skeletal muscle,
while expression of SHD is restricted to the brain. SHF
is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle, brain, liver,
prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, and colon.
SHD may be a physiological substrate of c-Abl and may
function as an adapter protein in the central nervous
system. It is also thought to be involved in apoptotic
regulation. SHD contains five YXXP motifs, a substrate
sequence preferred by Abl tyrosine kinases, in addition
to a poly-proline rich region and a C-terminal SH2
domain. SHE contains two pTry protein binding domains,
protein interaction domain (PID) and a SH2 domain,
followed by a glycine-proline rich region, all of which
are N-terminal to the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB)
domain. SHF contains four putative tyrosine
phosphorylation sites and an SH2 domain. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 98
Score = 38.2 bits (89), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 24/94 (25%), Positives = 49/94 (52%), Gaps = 9/94 (9%)
Query: 1 MSRI-AKTAFPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT--GYQGGTKKHLLLI---DPEGVVRTK 54
++RI A++ ++G +LVR S+ + Y L+ +G H+ + + ++
Sbjct: 8 ITRIEAESLLRPCKEGSYLVRNSESTKQDYSLSLKSAKGFM--HMRIQRNETGQYILGQF 65
Query: 55 DRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPV 88
R FE++ ++ ++C N+LP+ AE +L PV
Sbjct: 66 SRPFETIPEMIRHYCLNKLPVRGAEHMCLLE-PV 98
>gnl|CDD|198197 cd09944, SH2_Grb7_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
the growth factor receptor bound, subclass 7 (Grb7)
proteins. The Grb family binds to the epidermal growth
factor receptor (EGFR, erbB1) via their SH2 domains.
There are 3 members of the Grb7 family of proteins:
Grb7, Grb10, and Grb14. They are composed of an
N-terminal Proline-rich domain, a Ras Associating-like
(RA) domain, a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, a
phosphotyrosine interaction region (PIR, BPS) and a
C-terminal SH2 domain. The SH2 domains of Grb7, Grb10
and Grb14 preferentially bind to a different RTK. Grb7
binds strongly to the erbB2 receptor, unlike Grb10 and
Grb14 which bind weakly to it. Grb14 binds to
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR). Grb10 has
been shown to interact with many different proteins,
including the insulin and IGF1 receptors,
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-beta,
Ret, Kit, Raf1 and MEK1, and Nedd4. Grb7 family
proteins are phosphorylated on serine/threonine as well
as tyrosine residues. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 108
Score = 38.2 bits (89), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 26/69 (37%), Positives = 33/69 (47%), Gaps = 8/69 (11%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLI---DPEGVVRTKDR---MFESVSHLVNY 67
DG FLVRESQ +PG +VL+ G KH +I D T D F + LV +
Sbjct: 28 DGVFLVRESQSNPGAFVLSLKHGQKIKHYQIIPIEDEGQWYFTLDDGVTKFYDLLQLVEF 87
Query: 68 HCQNQ--LP 74
+ N LP
Sbjct: 88 YQLNAGSLP 96
>gnl|CDD|198272 cd10409, SH2_Nck2, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Nck. Nck
proteins are adaptors that modulate actin cytoskeleton
dynamics by linking proline-rich effector molecules to
tyrosine kinases or phosphorylated signaling
intermediates. There are two members known in this
family: Nck1 (Nckalpha) and Nck2 (Nckbeta and Growth
factor receptor-bound protein 4 (Grb4)). They are
characterized by having 3 SH3 domains and a C-terminal
SH2 domain. Nck1 and Nck2 have overlapping functions as
determined by gene knockouts. Both bind receptor
tyrosine kinases and other tyrosine-phosphorylated
proteins through their SH2 domains. In addition they
also bind distinct targets. Neuronal signaling
proteins: EphrinB1, EphrinB2, and Disabled-1 (Dab-1)
all bind to Nck-2 exclusively. And in the case of
PDGFR, Tyr(P)751 binds to Nck1 while Tyr(P)1009 binds
to Nck2. Nck1 and Nck2 have a role in the infection
process of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC).
Their SH3 domains are involved in recruiting and
activating the N-WASP/Arp2/3 complex inducing actin
polymerization resulting in the production of
pedestals, dynamic bacteria-presenting protrusions of
the plasma membrane. A similar thing occurs in the
vaccinia virus where motile plasma membrane projections
are formed beneath the virus. Recently it has been
shown that the SH2 domains of both Nck1 and Nck2 bind
the G-protein coupled receptor kinase-interacting
protein 1 (GIT1) in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 98
Score = 38.1 bits (88), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 20/66 (30%), Positives = 35/66 (53%), Gaps = 2/66 (3%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
+GDFL+R+S+ SP + ++ G KH + + V R F S+ LV ++ +
Sbjct: 23 EGDFLIRDSESSPSDFSVSLKAVGKNKHFKVQLVDNVYCIGQRRFNSMDELVEHY--KKA 80
Query: 74 PIISAE 79
PI ++E
Sbjct: 81 PIFTSE 86
>gnl|CDD|198268 cd10405, SH2_Vav1, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the Vav1
proteins. Proto-oncogene vav is a member of the Dbl
family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for
the Rho family of GTP binding proteins. All vavs are
activated by tyrosine phosphorylation leading to their
activation. There are three Vav mammalian family
members: Vav1 which is expressed in the hematopoietic
system, and Vav2 and Vav3 are more ubiquitously
expressed. Vav1 plays a role in T-cell and B-cell
development and activation. It has been identified as
the specific binding partner of Nef proteins from
HIV-1, resulting in morphological changes, cytoskeletal
rearrangements, and the JNK/SAPK signaling cascade,
leading to increased levels of viral transcription and
replication. Vav1 has been shown to interact with Ku70,
PLCG1, Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2, Janus kinase 2,
SIAH2, S100B, Abl gene, ARHGDIB, SHB, PIK3R1, PRKCQ,
Grb2, MAPK1, Syk, Linker of activated T cells, Cbl gene
and EZH2. Vav proteins are involved in several
processes that require cytoskeletal reorganization,
such as the formation of the immunological synapse
(IS), phagocytosis, platelet aggregation, spreading,
and transformation. Vavs function as guanine
nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Rho/Rac
family of GTPases. Vav family members have several
conserved motifs/domains including: a leucine-rich
region, a leucine-zipper, a calponin homology (CH)
domain, an acidic domain, a Dbl-homology (DH) domain, a
pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a cysteine-rich
domain, 2 SH3 domains, a proline-rich region, and a SH2
domain. Vavs are the only known Rho GEFs that have
both the DH/PH motifs and SH2/SH3 domains in the same
protein. The leucine-rich helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain
is thought to be involved in protein heterodimerization
with other HLH proteins and it may function as a
negative regulator by forming inactive heterodimers.
The CH domain is usually involved in the association
with filamentous actin, but in Vav it controls NFAT
stimulation, Ca2+ mobilization, and its transforming
activity. Acidic domains are involved in
protein-protein interactions and contain regulatory
tyrosines. The DH domain is a GDP-GTP exchange factor
on Rho/Rac GTPases. The PH domain in involved in
interactions with GTP-binding proteins, lipids and/or
phosphorylated serine/threonine residues. The SH3
domain is involved in localization of proteins to
specific sites within the cell interacting with protein
with proline-rich sequences. The SH2 domain mediates a
high affinity interaction with tyrosine phosphorylated
proteins. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 103
Score = 38.1 bits (88), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 19/70 (27%), Positives = 38/70 (54%), Gaps = 1/70 (1%)
Query: 5 AKTAFPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVR-TKDRMFESVSH 63
A++ +R DG +LVR+ ++ ++ KH+ ++ EG+ R T+ + F ++
Sbjct: 17 AESILANRSDGTYLVRQRVKDAAEFAISIKYNVEVKHIKIMTAEGLYRITEKKAFRGLTE 76
Query: 64 LVNYHCQNQL 73
LV ++ QN L
Sbjct: 77 LVEFYQQNSL 86
>gnl|CDD|198211 cd10348, SH2_Cterm_shark_like, C-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2)
domain found in SH2 domains, ANK, and kinase domain
(shark) proteins. These non-receptor protein-tyrosine
kinases contain two SH2 domains, five ankyrin
(ANK)-like repeats, and a potential tyrosine
phosphorylation site in its carboxyl-terminal tail
which resembles the phosphorylation site in members of
the src family. Like, mammalian non-receptor
protein-tyrosine kinases, ZAP-70 and syk proteins, they
do not have SH3 domains. However, the presence of ANK
makes these unique among protein-tyrosine kinases. Both
tyrosine kinases and ANK repeats have been shown to
transduce developmental signals, and SH2 domains are
known to participate intimately in tyrosine kinase
signaling. These tyrosine kinases are believed to be
involved in epithelial cell polarity. The members of
this family include the shark (SH2 domains, ANK, and
kinase domain) gene in Drosophila and yellow fever
mosquitos, as well as the hydra protein HTK16.
Drosophila Shark is proposed to transduce
intracellularly the Crumbs, a protein necessary for
proper organization of ectodermal epithelia,
intercellular signal. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 86
Score = 37.4 bits (87), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 21/59 (35%), Positives = 29/59 (49%), Gaps = 2/59 (3%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDR--MFESVSHLVNYHCQ 70
DG FLVR S+ PG YVLT H + + + D FES+ HL+ ++ Q
Sbjct: 23 DGSFLVRYSRRRPGGYVLTLVYENHVYHFEIQNRDDKWFYIDDGPYFESLEHLIEHYTQ 81
>gnl|CDD|198183 cd09929, SH2_BLNK_SLP-76, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
B-cell linker (BLNK) protein and SH2 domain-containing
leukocyte protein of 76 kDa (SLP-76). BLNK (also known
as SLP-65 or BASH) is an important adaptor protein
expressed in B-lineage cells. BLNK consists of a
N-terminal sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain and a
C-terminal SH2 domain. BLNK is a cytoplasmic protein,
but a part of it is bound to the plasma membrane through
an N-terminal leucine zipper motif and transiently bound
to a cytoplasmic domain of Iga through its C-terminal
SH2 domain upon B cell antigen receptor
(BCR)-stimulation. A non-ITAM phosphotyrosine in Iga is
necessary for the binding with the BLNK SH2 domain
and/or for normal BLNK function in signaling and B cell
activation. Upon phosphorylation BLNK binds Btk and
PLCgamma2 through their SH2 domains and mediates
PLCgamma2 activation by Btk. BLNK also binds other
signaling molecules such as Vav, Grb2, Syk, and HPK1.
BLNK has been shown to be necessary for BCR-mediated
Ca2+ mobilization, for the activation of
mitogen-activated protein kinases such as ERK, JNK, and
p38 in a chicken B cell line DT40, and for activation of
transcription factors such as NF-AT and NF-kappaB in
human or mouse B cells. BLNK is involved in B cell
development, B cell survival, activation, proliferation,
and T-independent immune responses. BLNK is structurally
homologous to SLP-76. SLP-76 and (linker for activation
of T cells) LAT are adaptor/linker proteins in T cell
antigen receptor activation and T cell development. BLNK
interacts with many downstream signaling proteins that
interact directly with both SLP-76 and LAT. New data
suggest functional complementation of SLP-76 and LAT in
T cell antigen receptor function with BLNK in BCR
function. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 121
Score = 37.7 bits (88), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 20/85 (23%), Positives = 34/85 (40%), Gaps = 19/85 (22%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQ--YVLT------------GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDR 56
S +DG FLVR+S G Y L + T+++ L G +
Sbjct: 30 SNKDGTFLVRDSSGKDSSQPYTLMVLYNDKVYNIQIRFLENTRQYAL-----GTGLRGEE 84
Query: 57 MFESVSHLVNYHCQNQLPIISAESA 81
F SV+ ++ +H + L +I +
Sbjct: 85 TFSSVAEIIEHHQKTPLLLIDGKDN 109
>gnl|CDD|198271 cd10408, SH2_Nck1, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Nck. Nck
proteins are adaptors that modulate actin cytoskeleton
dynamics by linking proline-rich effector molecules to
tyrosine kinases or phosphorylated signaling
intermediates. There are two members known in this
family: Nck1 (Nckalpha) and Nck2 (Nckbeta and Growth
factor receptor-bound protein 4 (Grb4)). They are
characterized by having 3 SH3 domains and a C-terminal
SH2 domain. Nck1 and Nck2 have overlapping functions as
determined by gene knockouts. Both bind receptor
tyrosine kinases and other tyrosine-phosphorylated
proteins through their SH2 domains. In addition they
also bind distinct targets. Neuronal signaling
proteins: EphrinB1, EphrinB2, and Disabled-1 (Dab-1)
all bind to Nck-2 exclusively. And in the case of
PDGFR, Tyr(P)751 binds to Nck1 while Tyr(P)1009 binds
to Nck2. Nck1 and Nck2 have a role in the infection
process of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC).
Their SH3 domains are involved in recruiting and
activating the N-WASP/Arp2/3 complex inducing actin
polymerization resulting in the production of
pedestals, dynamic bacteria-presenting protrusions of
the plasma membrane. A similar thing occurs in the
vaccinia virus where motile plasma membrane projections
are formed beneath the virus. Recently it has been
shown that the SH2 domains of both Nck1 and Nck2 bind
the G-protein coupled receptor kinase-interacting
protein 1 (GIT1) in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 97
Score = 36.9 bits (85), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 24/76 (31%), Positives = 39/76 (51%), Gaps = 3/76 (3%)
Query: 5 AKTAFPSR-QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSH 63
A+ A R +GDFL+R+S+ SP + ++ G KH + E V R F S+
Sbjct: 13 AEMALNERGNEGDFLIRDSESSPNDFSVSLKAQGKNKHFKVQLKECVYCIGQRKFSSMEE 72
Query: 64 LVNYHCQNQLPIISAE 79
LV ++ + PI ++E
Sbjct: 73 LVEHY--KKAPIFTSE 86
>gnl|CDD|198273 cd10410, SH2_SH2B1, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in SH2B
adapter proteins (SH2B1, SH2B2, SH2B3). SH2B1 (SH2-B,
PSM), like other members of the SH2B adapter protein
family, contains a pleckstrin homology domain, at least
one dimerization domain, and a C-terminal SH2 domain
which binds to phosphorylated tyrosines in a variety of
tyrosine kinases. SH2B1 and SH2B2 function in
signaling pathways found downstream of growth hormone
receptor and receptor tyrosine kinases, including the
insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I),
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), nerve growth
factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and fibroblast growth
factor receptors. SH2B2beta, a new isoform of SH2B2, is
an endogenous inhibitor of SH2B1 and/or SH2B2
(SH2B2alpha), negatively regulating insulin signaling
and/or JAK2-mediated cellular responses. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 97
Score = 36.5 bits (84), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 22/65 (33%), Positives = 37/65 (56%), Gaps = 1/65 (1%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
G FLVR+S+ G+YVLT +QG K L ++ EG R + F+S+ ++ + + +
Sbjct: 33 GVFLVRQSETRRGEYVLTFNFQGKAKHLRLSLNEEGQCRVQHLWFQSIFDMLEHFRVHPI 92
Query: 74 PIISA 78
P+ S
Sbjct: 93 PLESG 97
>gnl|CDD|198274 cd10411, SH2_SH2B2, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in SH2B
adapter proteins (SH2B1, SH2B2, SH2B3). SH2B2 (APS),
like other members of the SH2B adapter protein family,
contains a pleckstrin homology domain, at least one
dimerization domain, and a C-terminal SH2 domain which
binds to phosphorylated tyrosines in a variety of
tyrosine kinases. SH2B1 and SH2B2 function in
signaling pathways found downstream of growth hormone
receptor and receptor tyrosine kinases, including the
insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I),
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), nerve growth
factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and fibroblast growth
factor receptors. SH2B2beta, a new isoform of SH2B2, is
an endogenous inhibitor of SH2B1 and/or SH2B2
(SH2B2alpha), negatively regulating insulin signaling
and/or JAK2-mediated cellular responses. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 97
Score = 36.5 bits (84), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 21/68 (30%), Positives = 37/68 (54%), Gaps = 1/68 (1%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHC 69
R G F++R+S+ PG+YVLT +QG K L ++ G + F+SV ++ +
Sbjct: 29 PRSHGLFVIRQSETRPGEYVLTFNFQGKAKHLRLSLNGHGQCHVQHLWFQSVFDMLRHFH 88
Query: 70 QNQLPIIS 77
+ +P+ S
Sbjct: 89 THPIPLES 96
>gnl|CDD|198186 cd09932, SH2_C-SH2_PLC_gamma_like, C-terminal Src homology 2
(C-SH2) domain in Phospholipase C gamma. Phospholipase
C gamma is a signaling molecule that is recruited to
the C-terminal tail of the receptor upon
autophosphorylation of a highly conserved tyrosine.
PLCgamma is composed of a Pleckstrin homology (PH)
domain followed by an elongation factor (EF) domain, 2
catalytic regions of PLC domains that flank 2 tandem
SH2 domains (N-SH2, C-SH2), and ending with a SH3
domain and C2 domain. N-SH2 SH2 domain-mediated
interactions represent a crucial step in transmembrane
signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. SH2 domains
recognize phosphotyrosine (pY) in the context of
particular sequence motifs in receptor phosphorylation
sites. Both N-SH2 and C-SH2 have a very similar binding
affinity to pY. But in growth factor stimulated cells
these domains bind to different target proteins. N-SH2
binds to pY containing sites in the C-terminal tails of
tyrosine kinases and other receptors. Recently it has
been shown that this interaction is mediated by
phosphorylation-independent interactions between a
secondary binding site found exclusively on the N-SH2
domain and a region of the FGFR1 tyrosine kinase
domain. This secondary site on the SH2 cooperates with
the canonical pY site to regulate selectivity in
mediating a specific cellular process. C-SH2 binds to
an intramolecular site on PLCgamma itself which allows
it to hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate
into diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate. These
then activate protein kinase C and release calcium. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 104
Score = 36.5 bits (85), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 23/65 (35%), Positives = 34/65 (52%), Gaps = 6/65 (9%)
Query: 12 RQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEG---VVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYH 68
+DG FLVR S+ P + ++ G KH I EG V+ T FES+ LV+Y+
Sbjct: 24 PRDGAFLVRPSETDPNSFAISFRAEGKIKH-CRIKQEGRLFVIGTSQ--FESLVELVSYY 80
Query: 69 CQNQL 73
++ L
Sbjct: 81 EKHPL 85
>gnl|CDD|198216 cd10353, SH2_Nterm_RasGAP, N-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2) domain
found in Ras GTPase-activating protein 1 (GAP). RasGAP
is part of the GAP1 family of GTPase-activating
proteins. The protein is located in the cytoplasm and
stimulates the GTPase activity of normal RAS p21, but
not its oncogenic counterpart. Acting as a suppressor
of RAS function, the protein enhances the weak
intrinsic GTPase activity of RAS proteins resulting in
RAS inactivation, thereby allowing control of cellular
proliferation and differentiation. Mutations leading to
changes in the binding sites of either protein are
associated with basal cell carcinomas. Alternative
splicing results in two isoforms. The shorter isoform
which lacks the N-terminal hydrophobic region, has the
same activity, and is expressed in placental tissues.
In general the longer isoform contains 2 SH2 domains, a
SH3 domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and a
calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding C2 domain. The
C-terminus contains the catalytic domain of RasGap
which catalyzes the activation of Ras by hydrolyzing
GTP-bound active Ras into an inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. This model contains the N-terminal SH2 domain. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 103
Score = 36.0 bits (83), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 18/58 (31%), Positives = 28/58 (48%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYH 68
+ + G +L+RES PG +VL+ H +I G R F S+S L+ Y+
Sbjct: 38 AGKLGSYLIRESDRRPGSFVLSFLSRTGVNHFRIIAMCGDYYIGGRRFSSLSDLIGYY 95
>gnl|CDD|198217 cd10354, SH2_Cterm_RasGAP, C-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2) domain
found in Ras GTPase-activating protein 1 (GAP). RasGAP
is part of the GAP1 family of GTPase-activating
proteins. The protein is located in the cytoplasm and
stimulates the GTPase activity of normal RAS p21, but
not its oncogenic counterpart. Acting as a suppressor
of RAS function, the protein enhances the weak
intrinsic GTPase activity of RAS proteins resulting in
RAS inactivation, thereby allowing control of cellular
proliferation and differentiation. Mutations leading to
changes in the binding sites of either protein are
associated with basal cell carcinomas. Alternative
splicing results in two isoforms. The shorter isoform
which lacks the N-terminal hydrophobic region, has the
same activity, and is expressed in placental tissues.
In general longer isoform contains 2 SH2 domains, a SH3
domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and a
calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding C2 domain. The
C-terminus contains the catalytic domain of RasGap
which catalyzes the activation of Ras by hydrolyzing
GTP-bound active Ras into an inactive GDP-bound form of
Ras. This model contains the C-terminal SH2 domain. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 77
Score = 35.5 bits (82), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 17/57 (29%), Positives = 25/57 (43%), Gaps = 1/57 (1%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLI-DPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYH 68
G FLVRES +PG Y L+ KH +I R F S+ +++ +
Sbjct: 21 GPGSFLVRESDNTPGDYSLSFRVNEGIKHFKIIPTGNNQFMMGGRYFSSLDDVIDRY 77
>gnl|CDD|198190 cd09937, SH2_csk_like, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
Carboxyl-Terminal Src Kinase (Csk). Both the
C-terminal Src kinase (CSK) and CSK-homologous kinase
(CHK) are members of the CSK-family of protein tyrosine
kinases. These proteins suppress activity of Src-family
kinases (SFK) by selectively phosphorylating the
conserved C-terminal tail regulatory tyrosine by a
similar mechanism. CHK is also capable of inhibiting
SFKs by a non-catalytic mechanism that involves binding
of CHK to SFKs to form stable protein complexes. The
unphosphorylated form of SFKs is inhibited by CSK and
CHK by a two-step mechanism. The first step involves
the formation of a complex of SFKs with CSK/CHK with
the SFKs in the complex are inactive. The second step,
involves the phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail
tyrosine of SFKs, which then dissociates and adopt an
inactive conformation. The structural basis of how the
phosphorylated SFKs dissociate from CSK/CHK to adopt
the inactive conformation is not known. The inactive
conformation of SFKs is stabilized by two
intramolecular inhibitory interactions: (a) the pYT:SH2
interaction in which the phosphorylated C-terminal tail
tyrosine (YT) binds to the SH2 domain, and (b) the
linker:SH3 interaction of which the SH2-kinase domain
linker binds to the SH3 domain. SFKs are activated by
multiple mechanisms including binding of the ligands to
the SH2 and SH3 domains to displace the two inhibitory
intramolecular interactions, autophosphorylation, and
dephosphorylation of YT. By selective phosphorylation
and the non-catalytic inhibitory mechanism CSK and CHK
are able to inhibit the active forms of SFKs. CSK and
CHK are regulated by phosphorylation and inter-domain
interactions. They both contain SH3, SH2, and kinase
domains separated by the SH3-SH2 connector and SH2
kinase linker, intervening segments separating the
three domains. They lack a conserved tyrosine
phosphorylation site in the kinase domain and the
C-terminal tail regulatory tyrosine phosphorylation
site. The CSK SH2 domain is crucial for stabilizing the
kinase domain in the active conformation. A disulfide
bond here regulates CSK kinase activity. The
subcellular localization and activity of CSK are
regulated by its SH2 domain. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 98
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 22/56 (39%), Positives = 28/56 (50%), Gaps = 3/56 (5%)
Query: 12 RQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRM--FESVSHLV 65
+DG FLVRES PG Y L G +H +I G + T D FE++ LV
Sbjct: 22 PEDGLFLVRESTNYPGDYTLCVSFEGKVEHYRVIYRNGKL-TIDEEEYFENLIQLV 76
>gnl|CDD|198210 cd10347, SH2_Nterm_shark_like, N-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2)
domain found in SH2 domains, ANK, and kinase domain
(shark) proteins. These non-receptor protein-tyrosine
kinases contain two SH2 domains, five ankyrin
(ANK)-like repeats, and a potential tyrosine
phosphorylation site in the carboxyl-terminal tail
which resembles the phosphorylation site in members of
the src family. Like, mammalian non-receptor
protein-tyrosine kinases, ZAP-70 and syk proteins, they
do not have SH3 domains. However, the presence of ANK
makes these unique among protein-tyrosine kinases. Both
tyrosine kinases and ANK repeats have been shown to
transduce developmental signals, and SH2 domains are
known to participate intimately in tyrosine kinase
signaling. These tyrosine kinases are believed to be
involved in epithelial cell polarity. The members of
this family include the shark (SH2 domains, ANK, and
kinase domain) gene in Drosophila and yellow fever
mosquitos, as well as the hydra protein HTK16.
Drosophila Shark is proposed to transduce
intracellularly the Crumbs, a protein necessary for
proper organization of ectodermal epithelia,
intercellular signal. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 81
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 9e-04
Identities = 15/31 (48%), Positives = 18/31 (58%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKH 41
+DG FLVRES +PG YVL+ G H
Sbjct: 21 GGRDGLFLVRESTSAPGDYVLSLLAQGEVLH 51
>gnl|CDD|198275 cd10412, SH2_SH2B3, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in SH2B
adapter proteins (SH2B1, SH2B2, SH2B3). SH2B3 (Lnk),
like other members of the SH2B adapter protein family,
contains a pleckstrin homology domain, at least one
dimerization domain, and a C-terminal SH2 domain which
binds to phosphorylated tyrosines in a variety of
tyrosine kinases. SH2B3 negatively regulates
lymphopoiesis and early hematopoiesis. The
lnk-deficiency results in enhanced production of B
cells, and expansion as well as enhanced function of
hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), demonstrating negative
regulatory functions of Sh2b3/Lnk in cytokine
signaling. Sh2b3/Lnk also functions in responses
controlled by cell adhesion and in crosstalk between
integrin- and cytokine-mediated signaling. In general
SH2 domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 97
Score = 35.3 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 23/62 (37%), Positives = 35/62 (56%), Gaps = 1/62 (1%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPE-GVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
G FLVR+S+ G+YVLT G KHL L E G R + F SV ++++ ++ +
Sbjct: 33 GVFLVRQSETRRGEYVLTFNFQGRAKHLRLSLTERGQCRVQHLHFPSVVDMLHHFQRSPI 92
Query: 74 PI 75
P+
Sbjct: 93 PL 94
>gnl|CDD|198203 cd10340, SH2_N-SH2_SHP_like, N-terminal Src homology 2 (N-SH2)
domain found in SH2 domain Phosphatases (SHP) proteins.
The SH2 domain phosphatases (SHP-1, SHP-2/Syp,
Drosophila corkscrew (csw), and Caenorhabditis elegans
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (Ptp-2)) are cytoplasmic
signaling enzymes. They are both targeted and regulated
by interactions of their SH2 domains with
phosphotyrosine docking sites. These proteins contain
two SH2 domains (N-SH2, C-SH2) followed by a tyrosine
phosphatase (PTP) domain, and a C-terminal extension.
Shp1 and Shp2 have two tyrosyl phosphorylation sites in
their C-tails, which are phosphorylated differentially
by receptor and nonreceptor PTKs. Csw retains the
proximal tyrosine and Ptp-2 lacks both sites.
Shp-binding proteins include receptors, scaffolding
adapters, and inhibitory receptors. Some of these bind
both Shp1 and Shp2 while others bind only one. Most
proteins that bind a Shp SH2 domain contain one or more
immuno-receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs
(ITIMs): [IVL]xpYxx[IVL]. Shp1 N-SH2 domain blocks the
catalytic domain and keeps the enzyme in the inactive
conformation, and is thus believed to regulate the
phosphatase activity of SHP-1. Its C-SH2 domain is
thought to be involved in searching for phosphotyrosine
activators. The SHP2 N-SH2 domain is a conformational
switch; it either binds and inhibits the phosphatase,
or it binds phosphoproteins and activates the enzyme.
The C-SH2 domain contributes binding energy and
specificity, but it does not have a direct role in
activation. Csw SH2 domain function is essential, but
either SH2 domain can fulfill this requirement. The
role of the csw SH2 domains during Sevenless receptor
tyrosine kinase (SEV) signaling is to bind Daughter of
Sevenless rather than activated SEV. Ptp-2 acts in
oocytes downstream of sheath/oocyte gap junctions to
promote major sperm protein (MSP)-induced MAP Kinase
(MPK-1) phosphorylation. Ptp-2 functions in the oocyte
cytoplasm, not at the cell surface to inhibit multiple
RasGAPs, resulting in sustained Ras activation. It is
thought that MSP triggers PTP-2/Ras activation and ROS
production to stimulate MPK-1 activity essential for
oocyte maturation and that secreted MSP domains and
Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases function antagonistically
to control ROS and MAPK signaling. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 99
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 18/68 (26%), Positives = 27/68 (39%), Gaps = 17/68 (25%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKH---------LLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHL 64
DG FL R S+ +PG + L+ +G H L E F ++S L
Sbjct: 22 DGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRGDEVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGE--------KFATLSEL 73
Query: 65 VNYHCQNQ 72
V Y+ +
Sbjct: 74 VQYYMEQH 81
>gnl|CDD|199827 cd09933, SH2_Src_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
Src family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. The Src
family kinases are nonreceptor tyrosine kinases that
have been implicated in pathways regulating
proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis,
and bone metabolism. It is thought that transforming
ability of Src is linked to its ability to activate key
signaling molecules in these pathways, rather than
through direct activity. As such blocking Src
activation has been a target for drug companies. Src
family members can be divided into 3 groups based on
their expression pattern: 1) Src, Fyn, and Yes; 2)
Blk, Fgr, Hck, Lck, and Lyn; and 3) Frk-related kinases
Frk/Rak and Iyk/Bsk Of these, cellular c-Src is the
best studied and most frequently implicated in
oncogenesis. The c-Src contains five distinct regions:
a unique N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2
domain, a kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as do
the other members of the family. Src exists in both
active and inactive conformations. Negative regulation
occurs through phosphorylation of Tyr, resulting in an
intramolecular association between phosphorylated Tyr
and the SH2 domain of SRC, which locks the protein in a
closed conformation. Further stabilization of the
inactive state occurs through interactions between the
SH3 domain and a proline-rich stretch of residues
within the kinase domain. Conversely, dephosphorylation
of Tyr allows SRC to assume an open conformation. Full
activity requires additional autophosphorylation of a
Tyr residue within the catalytic domain. Loss of the
negative-regulatory C-terminal segment has been shown
to result in increased activity and transforming
potential. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal Tyr
residue by C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and Csk homology
kinase results in increased intramolecular interactions
and consequent Src inactivation. Specific phosphatases,
protein tyrosine phosphatase a (PTPa) and the
SH-containing phosphatases SHP1/SHP2, have also been
shown to take a part in Src activation. Src is also
activated by direct binding of focal adhesion kinase
(Fak) and Crk-associated substrate (Cas) to the SH2
domain. SRC activity can also be regulated by numerous
receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as Her2,
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), fibroblast
growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor
receptor (PDGFR), and vascular endothelial growth
factor receptor (VEGFR). In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 101
Score = 33.3 bits (77), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 21/65 (32%), Positives = 31/65 (47%), Gaps = 7/65 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVS 62
P G FL+RES+ +PG Y L+ +G T KH + +D G T F ++
Sbjct: 22 PGNPRGTFLIRESETTPGAYSLSVRDGDDARGDTVKHYRIRKLDNGGYYITTRATFPTLQ 81
Query: 63 HLVNY 67
LV +
Sbjct: 82 ELVQH 86
>gnl|CDD|198229 cd10366, SH2_Src_Yes, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Yes.
Yes is a member of the Src non-receptor type tyrosine
kinase family of proteins. Yes is the cellular homolog
of the Yamaguchi sarcoma virus oncogene. In humans it
is encoded by the YES1 gene which maps to chromosome 18
and is in close proximity to thymidylate synthase. A
corresponding Yes pseudogene has been found on
chromosome 22. YES1 has been shown to interact with
Janus kinase 2, CTNND1,RPL10, and Occludin. Yes1 has a
unique N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain,
a kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as do the other
members of the family. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 101
Score = 33.1 bits (75), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 21/69 (30%), Positives = 34/69 (49%), Gaps = 7/69 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVS 62
P Q G FLVRES+ + G Y L+ +G KH + +D G T F+++
Sbjct: 22 PGNQRGIFLVRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDEVRGDNVKHYKIRKLDNGGYYITTRAQFDTLQ 81
Query: 63 HLVNYHCQN 71
LV ++ ++
Sbjct: 82 KLVKHYTEH 90
>gnl|CDD|198207 cd10344, SH2_SLAP, Src homology 2 domain found in Src-like
adaptor proteins. SLAP belongs to the subfamily of
adapter proteins that negatively regulate cellular
signaling initiated by tyrosine kinases. It has a
myristylated N-terminus, SH3 and SH2 domains with high
homology to Src family tyrosine kinases, and a unique
C-terminal tail, which is important for c-Cbl binding.
SLAP negatively regulates platelet-derived growth
factor (PDGF)-induced mitogenesis in fibroblasts and
regulates F-actin assembly for dorsal ruffles
formation. c-Cbl mediated SLAP inhibition towards actin
remodeling. Moreover, SLAP enhanced PDGF-induced c-Cbl
phosphorylation by SFK. In contrast, SLAP mitogenic
inhibition was not mediated by c-Cbl, but it rather
involved a competitive mechanism with SFK for
PDGF-receptor (PDGFR) association and mitogenic
signaling. Accordingly, phosphorylation of the Src
mitogenic substrates Stat3 and Shc were reduced by
SLAP. Thus, we concluded that SLAP regulates PDGFR
signaling by two independent mechanisms: a competitive
mechanism for PDGF-induced Src mitogenic signaling and
a non-competitive mechanism for dorsal ruffles
formation mediated by c-Cbl. SLAP is a hematopoietic
adaptor containing Src homology (SH)3 and SH2 motifs
and a unique carboxy terminus. Unlike c-Src, SLAP lacks
a tyrosine kinase domain. Unlike c-Src, SLAP does not
impact resorptive function of mature osteoclasts but
induces their early apoptosis. SLAP negatively
regulates differentiation of osteoclasts and
proliferation of their precursors. Conversely, SLAP
decreases osteoclast death by inhibiting activation of
caspase 3. In general SH2 domains are involved in
signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 104
Score = 32.8 bits (75), Expect = 0.007
Identities = 17/69 (24%), Positives = 31/69 (44%), Gaps = 7/69 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT------GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRM-FESVS 62
P Q G FL+RES+ G Y L+ + K + + G R+ F+ +
Sbjct: 29 PGNQVGSFLIRESETRRGCYSLSVRHRGSQSRDSVKHYRIFRLDNGWFYISPRLTFQCLE 88
Query: 63 HLVNYHCQN 71
+VN++ ++
Sbjct: 89 DMVNHYSES 97
>gnl|CDD|198246 cd10383, SH2_SOCS2, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins. SH2
domain found in SOCS proteins. SOCS was first
recognized as a group of cytokine-inducible SH2 (CIS)
domain proteins comprising eight family members in
human (CIS and SOCS1-SOCS7). In addition to the SH2
domain, SOCS proteins have a variable N-terminal domain
and a conserved SOCS box in the C-terminal domain. SOCS
proteins bind to a substrate via their SH2 domain. The
prototypical members, CIS and SOCS1-SOCS3, have been
shown to regulate growth hormone signaling in vitro and
in a classic negative feedback response compete for
binding at phosphotyrosine sites in JAK kinase and
receptor pathways to displace effector proteins and
target bound receptors for proteasomal degradation.
Loss of SOCS activity results in excessive cytokine
signaling associated with a variety of hematopoietic,
autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases and certain
cancers. Members (SOCS4-SOCS7) were identified by their
conserved SOCS box, an adapter motif of 3 helices that
associates substrate binding domains, such as the SOCS
SH2 domain, ankryin, and WD40 with ubiquitin ligase
components. These show limited cytokine induction. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 103
Score = 32.5 bits (74), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 25/80 (31%), Positives = 36/80 (45%), Gaps = 20/80 (25%)
Query: 5 AKTAFPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT--------------GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGV 50
AK +G FLVR+S S Y+LT YQ G + +D
Sbjct: 19 AKEKLQDAPEGTFLVRDS--SHSDYLLTISVKTSAGPTNLRIEYQDGKFR----LDSIIC 72
Query: 51 VRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQ 70
V++K + F+SV HL+ Y+ Q
Sbjct: 73 VKSKLKQFDSVVHLIEYYVQ 92
>gnl|CDD|199829 cd10341, SH2_N-SH2_PLC_gamma_like, N-terminal Src homology 2
(N-SH2) domain in Phospholipase C gamma. Phospholipase
C gamma is a signaling molecule that is recruited to
the C-terminal tail of the receptor upon
autophosphorylation of a highly conserved tyrosine.
PLCgamma is composed of a Pleckstrin homology (PH)
domain followed by an elongation factor (EF) domain, 2
catalytic regions of PLC domains that flank 2 tandem
SH2 domains (N-SH2, C-SH2), and ending with a SH3
domain and C2 domain. N-SH2 SH2 domain-mediated
interactions represent a crucial step in transmembrane
signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. SH2 domains
recognize phosphotyrosine (pY) in the context of
particular sequence motifs in receptor phosphorylation
sites. Both N-SH2 and C-SH2 have a very similar binding
affinity to pY. But in growth factor stimulated cells
these domains bind to different target proteins. N-SH2
binds to pY containing sites in the C-terminal tails of
tyrosine kinases and other receptors. Recently it has
been shown that this interaction is mediated by
phosphorylation-independent interactions between a
secondary binding site found exclusively on the N-SH2
domain and a region of the FGFR1 tyrosine kinase
domain. This secondary site on the SH2 cooperates with
the canonical pY site to regulate selectivity in
mediating a specific cellular process. C-SH2 binds to
an intramolecular site on PLCgamma itself which allows
it to hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate
into diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate. These
then activate protein kinase C and release calcium. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 99
Score = 32.3 bits (74), Expect = 0.010
Identities = 22/74 (29%), Positives = 33/74 (44%), Gaps = 23/74 (31%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRM--------------FE 59
DG FLVRES+ G Y L+ ++ G +H R + R F+
Sbjct: 30 DGTFLVRESETFVGDYTLSFWRNGKVQH---------CRIRSRQENGEKKYYLTDNLVFD 80
Query: 60 SVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
S+ L++Y+ QN L
Sbjct: 81 SLYELIDYYRQNPL 94
>gnl|CDD|198270 cd10407, SH2_Vav3, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the Vav3
proteins. Proto-oncogene vav is a member of the Dbl
family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for
the Rho family of GTP binding proteins. All vavs are
activated by tyrosine phosphorylation leading to their
activation. There are three Vav mammalian family
members: Vav1 which is expressed in the hematopoietic
system, and Vav2 and Vav3 are more ubiquitously
expressed. Vav3 preferentially activates RhoA, RhoG
and, to a lesser extent, Rac1. Alternatively spliced
transcript variants encoding different isoforms have
been described for this gene. VAV3 has been shown to
interact with Grb2. Vav proteins are involved in
several processes that require cytoskeletal
reorganization, such as the formation of the
immunological synapse (IS), phagocytosis, platelet
aggregation, spreading, and transformation. Vavs
function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs)
for the Rho/Rac family of GTPases. Vav family members
have several conserved motifs/domains including: a
leucine-rich region, a leucine-zipper, a calponin
homology (CH) domain, an acidic domain, a Dbl-homology
(DH) domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a
cysteine-rich domain, 2 SH3 domains, a proline-rich
region, and a SH2 domain. Vavs are the only known Rho
GEFs that have both the DH/PH motifs and SH2/SH3
domains in the same protein. The leucine-rich
helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain is thought to be involved
in protein heterodimerization with other HLH proteins
and it may function as a negative regulator by forming
inactive heterodimers. The CH domain is usually
involved in the association with filamentous actin, but
in Vav it controls NFAT stimulation, Ca2+ mobilization,
and its transforming activity. Acidic domains are
involved in protein-protein interactions and contain
regulatory tyrosines. The DH domain is a GDP-GTP
exchange factor on Rho/Rac GTPases. The PH domain in
involved in interactions with GTP-binding proteins,
lipids and/or phosphorylated serine/threonine residues.
The SH3 domain is involved in localization of proteins
to specific sites within the cell interacting with
protein with proline-rich sequences. The SH2 domain
mediates a high affinity interaction with tyrosine
phosphorylated proteins. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 103
Score = 31.9 bits (72), Expect = 0.015
Identities = 20/75 (26%), Positives = 38/75 (50%), Gaps = 2/75 (2%)
Query: 1 MSRI-AKTAFPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVR-TKDRMF 58
M R+ A+T +R + +LVR G+Y ++ KH+ ++ +G ++R F
Sbjct: 12 MERLQAETELINRVNSTYLVRHRTKESGEYAISIKYNNEVKHIKILTRDGFFHIAENRKF 71
Query: 59 ESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
+S+ LV Y+ + L
Sbjct: 72 KSLMELVEYYKHHSL 86
>gnl|CDD|198228 cd10365, SH2_Src_Src, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
tyrosine kinase sarcoma (Src). Src is a member of the
Src non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of
proteins. Src is thought to play a role in the
regulation of embryonic development and cell growth.
Members here include v-Src and c-Src. v-Src lacks the
C-terminal inhibitory phosphorylation site and is
therefore constitutively active as opposed to normal
cellular src (c-Src) which is only activated under
certain circumstances where it is required (e.g. growth
factor signaling). v-Src is an oncogene whereas c-Src
is a proto-oncogene. c-Src consists of three domains,
an N-terminal SH3 domain, a central SH2 domain and a
tyrosine kinase domain. The SH2 and SH3 domains work
together in the auto-inhibition of the kinase domain.
The phosphorylation of an inhibitory tyrosine near the
c-terminus of the protein produces a binding site for
the SH2 domain which then facilitates binding of the
SH3 domain to a polyproline site within the linker
between the SH2 domain and the kinase domain. Binding
of the SH3 domain inactivates the enzyme. This allows
for multiple mechanisms for c-Src activation:
dephosphorylation of the C-terminal tyrosine by a
protein tyrosine phosphatase, binding of the SH2 domain
by a competitive phospho-tyrosine residue, or
competitive binding of a polyproline binding site to
the SH3 domain. Unlike most other Src members Src
lacks cysteine residues in the SH4 domain that undergo
palmitylation. Serine and threonine phosphorylation
sites have also been identified in the unique domains
of Src and are believed to modulate protein-protein
interactions or regulate catalytic activity.
Alternatively spliced forms of Src, which contain 6- or
11-amino acid insertions in the SH3 domain, are
expressed in CNS neurons. c-Src has a unique N-terminal
domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a kinase domain
and a regulatory tail, as do the other members of the
family. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 101
Score = 31.6 bits (71), Expect = 0.021
Identities = 21/69 (30%), Positives = 31/69 (44%), Gaps = 7/69 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVS 62
G FLVRES+ + G Y L+ +G KH + +D G T F S+
Sbjct: 22 AENPRGTFLVRESETTKGAYCLSVSDFDNAKGLNVKHYKIRKLDSGGFYITSRTQFNSLQ 81
Query: 63 HLVNYHCQN 71
LV Y+ ++
Sbjct: 82 QLVAYYSKH 90
>gnl|CDD|198222 cd10359, SH2_SH3BP2, Src homology 2 domain found in c-Abl SH3
domain-binding protein-2 (SH3BP2). The adaptor protein
3BP2/SH3BP2 plays a regulatory role in signaling from
immunoreceptors. The protein-tyrosine kinase Syk
phosphorylates 3BP2 which results in the activation of
Rac1 through the interaction with the SH2 domain of
Vav1 and induces the binding to the SH2 domain of the
upstream protein-tyrosine kinase Lyn and enhances its
kinase activity. 3BP2 has a positive regulatory role in
IgE-mediated mast cell activation. In lymphocytes,
engagement of T cell or B cell receptors triggers
tyrosine phosphorylation of 3BP2. Suppression of the
3BP2 expression by siRNA results in the inhibition of T
cell or B cell receptor-mediated activation of NFAT.
3BP2 is required for the proliferation of B cells and B
cell receptor signaling. Mutations in the 3BP2 gene are
responsible for cherubism resulting in excessive bone
resorption in the jaw. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 101
Score = 31.5 bits (71), Expect = 0.021
Identities = 20/78 (25%), Positives = 35/78 (44%), Gaps = 7/78 (8%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGT---KKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHC 69
QDG + +R S + G VL + GG + + + + +F S+ LV ++
Sbjct: 26 QDGLYCIRNSS-TKGGKVLVVWDGGAEKVRNYRIFEKDCKFYLHEREVFSSLGSLVEHYA 84
Query: 70 QNQLPIISAESALILRNP 87
+ LP ++L LR P
Sbjct: 85 THVLPS---HTSLTLRVP 99
>gnl|CDD|198277 cd10414, SH2_Grb14, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
growth factor receptor bound, subclass 14 (Grb14)
proteins. The Grb family binds to the epidermal growth
factor receptor (EGFR, erbB1) via their SH2 domains.
Grb14 is part of the Grb7 family of proteins which also
includes Grb7, and Grb14. They are composed of an
N-terminal Proline-rich domain, a Ras Associating-like
(RA) domain, a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, a
phosphotyrosine interaction region (PIR, BPS) and a
C-terminal SH2 domain. The SH2 domains of Grb7, Grb10
and Grb14 preferentially bind to a different RTK. Grb14
binds to Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) and
weakly to the erbB2 receptor. In general SH2 domains
are involved in signal transduction. They typically
bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a
pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins
with SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 108
Score = 31.4 bits (71), Expect = 0.024
Identities = 16/35 (45%), Positives = 21/35 (60%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPE 48
DG FLVR+SQ +P +VL+ G KH +I E
Sbjct: 28 DGVFLVRDSQSNPRTFVLSMSHGQKIKHFQIIPVE 62
>gnl|CDD|198225 cd10362, SH2_Src_Lck, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain in lymphocyte
cell kinase (Lck). Lck is a member of the Src
non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of proteins.
It is expressed in the brain, T-cells, and NK cells.
The unique domain of Lck mediates its interaction with
two T-cell surface molecules, CD4 and CD8. It
associates with their cytoplasmic tails on CD4 T helper
cells and CD8 cytotoxic T cells to assist signaling
from the T cell receptor (TCR) complex. When the T cell
receptor is engaged by the specific antigen presented
by MHC, Lck phosphorylase the intracellular chains of
the CD3 and zeta-chains of the TCR complex, allowing
ZAP-70 to bind them. Lck then phosphorylates and
activates ZAP-70, which in turn phosphorylates Linker
of Activated T cells (LAT), a transmembrane protein
that serves as a docking site for proteins including:
Shc-Grb2-SOS, PI3K, and phospholipase C (PLC). The
tyrosine phosphorylation cascade culminates in the
intracellular mobilization of a calcium ions and
activation of important signaling cascades within the
lymphocyte, including the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway, which
goes on to activate certain transcription factors such
as NFAT, NF-kappaB, and AP-1. These transcription
factors regulate the production cytokines such as
Interleukin-2 that promote long-term proliferation and
differentiation of the activated lymphocytes. The
N-terminal tail of Lck is myristoylated and
palmitoylated and it tethers the protein to the plasma
membrane of the cell. Lck also contains a SH3 domain, a
SH2 domain, and a C-terminal tyrosine kinase domain.
Lck has 2 phosphorylation sites, the first an
autophosphorylation site that is linked to activation
of the protein and the second which is phosphorylated
by Csk, which inhibits it. Lck is also inhibited by
SHP-1 dephosphorylation and by Cbl ubiquitin ligase,
which is part of the ubiquitin-mediated pathway. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 101
Score = 31.0 bits (70), Expect = 0.032
Identities = 18/66 (27%), Positives = 29/66 (43%), Gaps = 7/66 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVS 62
P G FL+RES+ + G + L+ QG KH + +D G + F +
Sbjct: 22 PGNTHGSFLIRESETTAGSFSLSVRDFDQNQGEVVKHYKIRNLDNGGFYISPRITFPGLH 81
Query: 63 HLVNYH 68
LV ++
Sbjct: 82 ELVRHY 87
>gnl|CDD|198260 cd10397, SH2_Tec_Btk, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Tec
protein, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). A member of
the Tec protein tyrosine kinase Btk is expressed in bone
marrow, spleen, all hematopoietic cells except T
lymphocytes and plasma cells where it plays a crucial
role in B cell maturation and mast cell activation. Btk
has been shown to interact with GNAQ, PLCG2, protein
kinase D1, B-cell linker, SH3BP5, caveolin 1, ARID3A,
and GTF2I. Most of the Tec family members have a PH
domain (Txk and the short (type 1) splice variant of
Drosophila Btk29A are exceptions), a Tec homology (TH)
domain, a SH3 domain, a SH2 domain, and a protein kinase
catalytic domain. Btk is implicated in the primary
immunodeficiency disease X-linked agammaglobulinemia
(Bruton's agammaglobulinemia). The TH domain consists
of a Zn2+-binding Btk motif and a proline-rich region.
The Btk motif is found in Tec kinases, Ras GAP, and
IGBP. It is crucial for the function of Tec PH domains
and it's lack of presence in Txk is not surprising since
it lacks a PH domain. The type 1 splice form of the
Drosophila homolog also lacks both the PH domain and the
Btk motif. The proline-rich regions are highly
conserved for the most part with the exception of Bmx
whose residues surrounding the PXXP motif are not
conserved (TH-like) and Btk29A which is entirely unique
with large numbers of glycine residues (TH-extended).
Tec family members all lack a C-terminal tyrosine having
an autoinhibitory function in its phosphorylated state.
Two tyrosine phosphorylation (pY) sites have been
identified in Btk: one located in the activation loop of
the catalytic domain which regulates the transition
between open (active) and closed (inactive) states and
the other in its SH3 domain. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 106
Score = 31.0 bits (70), Expect = 0.041
Identities = 23/91 (25%), Positives = 41/91 (45%), Gaps = 26/91 (28%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVR--------------TKDRMF 58
++G F+VR+S G+Y ++ + DP+GV+R + +F
Sbjct: 27 KEGGFIVRDSS-KAGKYTVSVFAKSAG------DPQGVIRHYVVCSTPQSQYYLAEKHLF 79
Query: 59 ESVSHLVNYHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPVA 89
++ L+NYH N +IS L+ PV+
Sbjct: 80 STIPELINYHQHNAAGLISR-----LKYPVS 105
>gnl|CDD|198184 cd09930, SH2_cSH2_p85_like, C-terminal Src homology 2 (cSH2)
domain found in p85. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases
(PI3Ks) are essential for cell growth, migration, and
survival. p110, the catalytic subunit, is composed of
an adaptor-binding domain, a Ras-binding domain, a C2
domain, a helical domain, and a kinase domain. The
regulatory unit is called p85 and is composed of an SH3
domain, a RhoGap domain, a N-terminal SH2 (nSH2)
domain, a inter SH2 (iSH2) domain, and C-terminal
(cSH2) domain. There are 2 inhibitory interactions
between p110alpha and p85 of P13K: 1) p85 nSH2 domain
with the C2, helical, and kinase domains of p110alpha
and 2) p85 iSH2 domain with C2 domain of p110alpha.
There are 3 inhibitory interactions between p110beta
and p85 of P13K: 1) p85 nSH2 domain with the C2,
helical, and kinase domains of p110beta, 2) p85 iSH2
domain with C2 domain of p110alpha, and 3) p85 cSH2
domain with the kinase domain of p110alpha. It is
interesting to note that p110beta is oncogenic as a
wild type protein while p110alpha lacks this ability.
One explanation is the idea that the regulation of
p110beta by p85 is unique because of the addition of
inhibitory contacts from the cSH2 domain and the loss
of contacts in the iSH2 domain. In general SH2 domains
are involved in signal transduction. They typically
bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a
pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins
with SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 104
Score = 29.7 bits (67), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 20/66 (30%), Positives = 32/66 (48%), Gaps = 5/66 (7%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPE---GVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNY 67
+ DG FL+RES + G Y + G KH ++ E G + ++ES+ LV +
Sbjct: 24 GKPDGTFLIRESS-TQGCYACSVVCNGEVKHCVIYKTETGYGFAEPYN-LYESLKELVLH 81
Query: 68 HCQNQL 73
+ N L
Sbjct: 82 YAHNSL 87
>gnl|CDD|198252 cd10389, SH2_SHB, Src homology 2 domain found in SH2
domain-containing adapter protein B (SHB). SHB
functions in generating signaling compounds in response
to tyrosine kinase activation. SHB contains
proline-rich motifs, a phosphotyrosine binding (PTB)
domain, tyrosine phosphorylation sites, and a SH2
domain. SHB mediates certain aspects of
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-,
fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor-, neural growth
factor (NGF) receptor TRKA-, T cell receptor-,
interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor- and focal adhesion
kinase- (FAK) signaling. SRC-like FYN-Related Kinase
FRK/RAK (also named BSK/IYK or GTK) and SHB regulate
apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. SHB
promotes apoptosis and is also required for proper
mitogenicity, spreading and tubular morphogenesis in
endothelial cells. SHB also plays a role in preventing
early cavitation of embryoid bodies and reduces
differentiation to cells expressing albumin, amylase,
insulin and glucagon. SHB is a multifunctional protein
that has difference responses in different cells under
various conditions. In general SH2 domains are involved
in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 97
Score = 29.7 bits (66), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 22/70 (31%), Positives = 33/70 (47%), Gaps = 2/70 (2%)
Query: 17 FLVRESQGSPGQYVLT--GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQLP 74
+LVR SQ S Y L+ QG L + V+ F+SV +++Y+ +LP
Sbjct: 25 YLVRNSQTSKHDYSLSLKSNQGFMHMKLAKTKEKYVLGQNSPPFDSVPEVIHYYTTRKLP 84
Query: 75 IISAESALIL 84
I AE +L
Sbjct: 85 IKGAEHLSLL 94
>gnl|CDD|198180 cd09926, SH2_CRK_like, Src homology 2 domain found in
cancer-related signaling adaptor protein CRK. SH2
domain in the CRK proteins. CRKI (SH2-SH3) and CRKII
(SH2-SH3-SH3) are splicing isoforms of the oncoprotein
CRK. CRKs regulate transcription and cytoskeletal
reorganization for cell growth and motility by linking
tyrosine kinases to small G proteins. The SH2 domain of
CRK associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors
or components of focal adhesions, such as p130Cas and
paxillin. CRK transmits signals to small G proteins
through effectors that bind its SH3 domain, such as
C3G, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for
Rap1 and R-Ras, and DOCK180, the GEF for Rac6. The
binding of p130Cas to the CRK-C3G complex activates
Rap1, leading to regulation of cell adhesion, and
activates R-Ras, leading to JNK-mediated activation of
cell proliferation, whereas the binding of CRK DOCK180
induces Rac1-mediated activation of cellular migration.
The activity of the different splicing isoforms varies
greatly with CRKI displaying substantial transforming
activity, CRKII less so, and phosphorylated CRKII with
no biological activity whatsoever. CRKII has a linker
region with a phosphorylated Tyr and an additional
C-terminal SH3 domain. The phosphorylated Tyr creates a
binding site for its SH2 domain which disrupts the
association between CRK and its SH2 target proteins.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 106
Score = 29.4 bits (66), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 14/31 (45%), Positives = 16/31 (51%), Gaps = 10/31 (32%)
Query: 11 SRQD----------GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVL 31
SRQ+ G FLVR+S PG YVL
Sbjct: 15 SRQEAQELLQGQRHGVFLVRDSSTIPGDYVL 45
>gnl|CDD|198276 cd10413, SH2_Grb7, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
growth factor receptor bound, subclass 7 (Grb7)
proteins. The Grb family binds to the epidermal growth
factor receptor (EGFR, erbB1) via their SH2 domains.
Grb7 is part of the Grb7 family of proteins which also
includes Grb10, and Grb14. They are composed of an
N-terminal Proline-rich domain, a Ras Associating-like
(RA) domain, a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, a
phosphotyrosine interaction region (PIR, BPS) and a
C-terminal SH2 domain. The SH2 domains of Grb7, Grb10
and Grb14 preferentially bind to a different RTK. Grb7
binds strongly to the erbB2 receptor, unlike Grb10 and
Grb14 which bind weakly to it. Grb7 family proteins are
phosphorylated on serine/threonine as well as tyrosine
residues. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 108
Score = 29.1 bits (65), Expect = 0.16
Identities = 23/65 (35%), Positives = 31/65 (47%), Gaps = 6/65 (9%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRM------FESVSHLVNY 67
DG FLVRESQ +P +VL+ KH L++ E R M F + LV +
Sbjct: 28 DGVFLVRESQRNPQGFVLSLCHLQKVKHYLILPSEEEGRLYFSMDDGQTRFTDLLQLVEF 87
Query: 68 HCQNQ 72
H N+
Sbjct: 88 HQLNR 92
>gnl|CDD|198282 cd10419, SH2_Src_Fyn_isoform_b_like, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain
found in Fyn isoform b like proteins. Fyn is a member
of the Src non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of
proteins. This cd contains the SH2 domain found in Fyn
isoform b type proteins. Fyn is involved in the control
of cell growth and is required in the following
pathways: T and B cell receptor signaling,
integrin-mediated signaling, growth factor and cytokine
receptor signaling, platelet activation, ion channel
function, cell adhesion, axon guidance, fertilization,
entry into mitosis, and differentiation of natural
killer cells, oligodendrocytes and keratinocytes. The
protein associates with the p85 subunit of
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the
Fyn-binding protein. Alternatively spliced transcript
variants encoding distinct isoforms exist. Fyn is
primarily localized to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the
plasma membrane. Tyrosine phosphorylation of target
proteins by Fyn serves to either regulate target
protein activity, and/or to generate a binding site on
the target protein that recruits other signaling
molecules. FYN has been shown to interact with a number
of proteins including: BCAR1, Cbl, Janus kinase,
nephrin, Sky, tyrosine kinase, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
protein, and Zap-70. Fyn has a unique N-terminal
domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a kinase domain
and a regulatory tail, as do the other members of the
family. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 101
Score = 28.5 bits (63), Expect = 0.26
Identities = 19/63 (30%), Positives = 31/63 (49%), Gaps = 7/63 (11%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNY 67
G FL+RES+ + G Y L+ +G KH + +D G T FE++ LV +
Sbjct: 27 GTFLIRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDDMKGDHVKHYKIRKLDNGGYYITTRAQFETLQQLVQH 86
Query: 68 HCQ 70
+ +
Sbjct: 87 YSE 89
>gnl|CDD|198233 cd10370, SH2_Src_Src42, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
Src oncogene at 42A (Src42). Src42 is a member of the
Src non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of
proteins. The integration of receptor tyrosine
kinase-induced RAS and Src42 signals by Connector
eNhancer of KSR (CNK) as a two-component input is
essential for RAF activation in Drosophila. Src42 is
present in a wide variety of organisms including:
California sea hare, pea aphid, yellow fever mosquito,
honey bee, Panamanian leafcutter ant, and sea urchin.
Src42 has a unique N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an
SH2 domain, a kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as
do the other members of the family. Like the other
members of the Src family the SH2 domain in addition to
binding the target, also plays an autoinhibitory role
by binding to its C-terminal tail. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 96
Score = 28.6 bits (64), Expect = 0.26
Identities = 17/61 (27%), Positives = 29/61 (47%), Gaps = 2/61 (3%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNY 67
P + G FL+R+S+ Y L+ G T KH + +D G + F ++ LV +
Sbjct: 22 PENEHGAFLIRDSESRHNDYSLSVRDGDTVKHYRIRQLDEGGFFIARRTTFRTLQELVEH 81
Query: 68 H 68
+
Sbjct: 82 Y 82
>gnl|CDD|217240 pfam02816, Alpha_kinase, Alpha-kinase family. This family is a
novel family of eukaryotic protein kinase catalytic
domains, which have no detectable similarity to
conventional kinases. The family contains myosin heavy
chain kinases and Elongation Factor-2 kinase and a
bifunctional ion channel. This family is known as the
alpha-kinase family. The structure of the kinase domain
revealed unexpected similarity to eukaryotic protein
kinases in the catalytic core as well as to metabolic
enzymes with ATP-grasp domains.
Length = 187
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.39
Identities = 12/58 (20%), Positives = 15/58 (25%), Gaps = 18/58 (31%)
Query: 25 SPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFES-------------VSHLVNYHC 69
S G ++ QG L DP + T D H N C
Sbjct: 135 SNGNLLVCDLQGVGN---YLTDP--QIHTTDGERFGPGNLGEEGIEKFFQQHKCNEIC 187
>gnl|CDD|198188 cd09934, SH2_Tec_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
Tec-like proteins. The Tec protein tyrosine kinase is
the founding member of a family that includes Btk, Itk,
Bmx, and Txk. The members have a PH domain, a
zinc-binding motif, a SH3 domain, a SH2 domain, and a
protein kinase catalytic domain. Btk is involved in
B-cell receptor signaling with mutations in Btk
responsible for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in
humans and X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) in mice. Itk
is involved in T-cell receptor signaling. Tec is
expressed in both T and B cells, and is thought to
function in activated and effector T lymphocytes to
induce the expression of genes regulated by NFAT
transcription factors. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 104
Score = 28.1 bits (63), Expect = 0.42
Identities = 21/82 (25%), Positives = 36/82 (43%), Gaps = 12/82 (14%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGY----QGGTKKHLLL-IDPEGVVRTKDR-MFESVSHLVN 66
++G F+VR S + G Y ++ + KH + + ++ FE++ L+N
Sbjct: 27 KEGCFVVRNSS-TKGLYTVSLFTKVPGSPHVKHYHIKQNARSEFYLAEKHCFETIPELIN 85
Query: 67 YHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPV 88
YH N S A L+ PV
Sbjct: 86 YHQHN-----SGGLATRLKYPV 102
>gnl|CDD|198231 cd10368, SH2_Src_Fyn, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Fyn.
Fyn is a member of the Src non-receptor type tyrosine
kinase family of proteins. Fyn is involved in the
control of cell growth and is required in the following
pathways: T and B cell receptor signaling,
integrin-mediated signaling, growth factor and cytokine
receptor signaling, platelet activation, ion channel
function, cell adhesion, axon guidance, fertilization,
entry into mitosis, and differentiation of natural
killer cells, oligodendrocytes and keratinocytes. The
protein associates with the p85 subunit of
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the
Fyn-binding protein. Alternatively spliced transcript
variants encoding distinct isoforms exist. Fyn is
primarily localized to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the
plasma membrane. Tyrosine phosphorylation of target
proteins by Fyn serves to either regulate target
protein activity, and/or to generate a binding site on
the target protein that recruits other signaling
molecules. FYN has been shown to interact with a number
of proteins including: BCAR1, Cbl, Janus kinase,
nephrin, Sky, tyrosine kinase, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
protein, and Zap-70. Fyn has a unique N-terminal
domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a kinase domain
and a regulatory tail, as do the other members of the
family. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 101
Score = 28.1 bits (62), Expect = 0.44
Identities = 19/61 (31%), Positives = 30/61 (49%), Gaps = 7/61 (11%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNY 67
G FL+RES+ + G Y L+ +G KH + +D G T FE++ LV +
Sbjct: 27 GTFLIRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDDMKGDHVKHYKIRKLDNGGYYITTRAQFETLQQLVQH 86
Query: 68 H 68
+
Sbjct: 87 Y 87
>gnl|CDD|198226 cd10363, SH2_Src_HCK, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in HCK.
HCK is a member of the Src non-receptor type tyrosine
kinase family of proteins and is expressed in
hemopoietic cells. HCK is proposed to couple the Fc
receptor to the activation of the respiratory burst. It
may also play a role in neutrophil migration and in the
degranulation of neutrophils. It has two different
translational starts that have different subcellular
localization. HCK has been shown to interact with BCR
gene, ELMO1 Cbl gene, RAS p21 protein activator 1,
RASA3, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor,
ADAM15 and RAPGEF1. Like the other members of the Src
family the SH2 domain in addition to binding the
target, also plays an autoinhibitory role by binding to
its C-terminal tail. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. HCK has a unique
N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a
kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as do the other
members of the family. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 104
Score = 28.0 bits (62), Expect = 0.53
Identities = 17/66 (25%), Positives = 31/66 (46%), Gaps = 7/66 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKH--LLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVS 62
P G F++R+S+ + G Y L+ G T KH + +D G + F ++
Sbjct: 22 PGNMLGSFMIRDSETTKGSYSLSVRDYDPQHGDTVKHYKIRTLDNGGFYISPRSTFSTLQ 81
Query: 63 HLVNYH 68
LV+++
Sbjct: 82 ELVDHY 87
>gnl|CDD|198230 cd10367, SH2_Src_Fgr, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma viral (v-fgr) oncogene
homolog, Fgr. Fgr is a member of the Src non-receptor
type tyrosine kinase family of proteins. The protein
contains N-terminal sites for myristoylation and
palmitoylation, a PTK domain, and SH2 and SH3 domains
which are involved in mediating protein-protein
interactions with phosphotyrosine-containing and
proline-rich motifs, respectively. Fgr is expressed in
B-cells and myeloid cells, localizes to plasma membrane
ruffles, and functions as a negative regulator of cell
migration and adhesion triggered by the beta-2 integrin
signal transduction pathway. Multiple alternatively
spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been
identified Fgr has been shown to interact with
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein. Fgr has a unique
N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a
kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as do the other
members of the family. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 101
Score = 27.2 bits (60), Expect = 0.87
Identities = 20/66 (30%), Positives = 31/66 (46%), Gaps = 7/66 (10%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVS 62
P G FL+RES+ + G Y L+ +G KH + +D G T F++V
Sbjct: 22 PGNPRGAFLIRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDQNRGDHVKHYKIRKLDTGGYYITTRAQFDTVQ 81
Query: 63 HLVNYH 68
LV ++
Sbjct: 82 ELVQHY 87
>gnl|CDD|198278 cd10415, SH2_Grb10, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in the
growth factor receptor bound, subclass 10 (Grb10)
proteins. The Grb family binds to the epidermal growth
factor receptor (EGFR, erbB1) via their SH2 domains.
Grb10 is part of the Grb7 family of proteins which also
includes Grb7, and Grb14. They are composed of an
N-terminal Proline-rich domain, a Ras Associating-like
(RA) domain, a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, a
phosphotyrosine interaction region (PIR, BPS) and a
C-terminal SH2 domain. The SH2 domains of Grb7, Grb10
and Grb14 preferentially bind to a different RTK. Grb10
has been shown to interact with many different
proteins, including the insulin and IGF1 receptors,
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-beta,
Ret, Kit, Raf1 and MEK1, and Nedd4. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 108
Score = 27.3 bits (60), Expect = 0.88
Identities = 13/35 (37%), Positives = 20/35 (57%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPE 48
DG FL+R+SQ +P +VLT K+ ++ E
Sbjct: 28 DGLFLLRDSQSNPKAFVLTLCHHQKIKNFQILPCE 62
>gnl|CDD|198223 cd10360, SH2_Srm, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
Src-related kinase lacking C-terminal regulatory
tyrosine and N-terminal myristoylation sites (srm).
Srm is a nonreceptor protein kinase that has two SH2
domains, a SH3 domain, and a kinase domain with a
tyrosine residue for autophosphorylation. However it
lacks an N-terminal glycine for myristoylation and a
C-terminal tyrosine which suppresses kinase activity
when phosphorylated. Srm is most similar to members of
the Tec family who other members include: Tec, Btk/Emb,
and Itk/Tsk/Emt. However Srm differs in its N-terminal
unique domain it being much smaller than in the Tec
family and is closer to Src. Srm is thought to be a new
family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases that may be
redundant in function. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 79
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 10/23 (43%), Positives = 14/23 (60%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT 32
P + G FL+R S+ S G Y L+
Sbjct: 19 PPNEPGAFLIRPSESSLGGYSLS 41
>gnl|CDD|198221 cd10358, SH2_PTK6_Brk, Src homology 2 domain found in
protein-tyrosine kinase-6 (PTK6) which is also known as
breast tumor kinase (Brk). Human protein-tyrosine
kinase-6 (PTK6, also known as breast tumor kinase
(Brk)) is a member of the non-receptor protein-tyrosine
kinase family and is expressed in two-thirds of all
breast tumors. PTK6 (9). PTK6 contains a SH3 domain, a
SH2 domain, and catalytic domains. For the case of the
non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases, the SH2 domain
is typically involved in negative regulation of kinase
activity by binding to a phosphorylated tyrosine
residue near to the C terminus. The C-terminal sequence
of PTK6 (PTSpYENPT where pY is phosphotyrosine) is
thought to be a self-ligand for the SH2 domain. The
structure of the SH2 domain resembles other SH2 domains
except for a centrally located four-stranded
antiparallel beta-sheet (strands betaA, betaB, betaC,
and betaD). There are also differences in the loop
length which might be responsible for PTK6 ligand
specificity. There are two possible means of regulation
of PTK6: autoinhibitory with the phosphorylation of Tyr
playing a role in its negative regulation and
autophosphorylation at this site, though it has been
shown that PTK6 might phosphorylate signal
transduction-associated proteins Sam68 and signal
transducing adaptor family member 2 (STAP/BKS) in vivo.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 100
Score = 27.0 bits (59), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 18/61 (29%), Positives = 27/61 (44%), Gaps = 2/61 (3%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHL-LLIDPEGVVRTKDRM-FESVSHLVNYHCQNQ 72
G FL+R S+ YVL+ +H + G + + + F S+ LVNYH
Sbjct: 26 GAFLIRVSEKPSADYVLSVRDTQAVRHYKIWRRAGGRLHLNEAVSFLSLPELVNYHRAQS 85
Query: 73 L 73
L
Sbjct: 86 L 86
>gnl|CDD|198281 cd10418, SH2_Src_Fyn_isoform_a_like, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain
found in Fyn isoform a like proteins. Fyn is a member
of the Src non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of
proteins. This cd contains the SH2 domain found in Fyn
isoform a type proteins. Fyn is involved in the
control of cell growth and is required in the following
pathways: T and B cell receptor signaling,
integrin-mediated signaling, growth factor and cytokine
receptor signaling, platelet activation, ion channel
function, cell adhesion, axon guidance, fertilization,
entry into mitosis, and differentiation of natural
killer cells, oligodendrocytes and keratinocytes. The
protein associates with the p85 subunit of
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the
Fyn-binding protein. Alternatively spliced transcript
variants encoding distinct isoforms exist. Fyn is
primarily localized to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the
plasma membrane. Tyrosine phosphorylation of target
proteins by Fyn serves to either regulate target
protein activity, and/or to generate a binding site on
the target protein that recruits other signaling
molecules. FYN has been shown to interact with a number
of proteins including: BCAR1, Cbl, Janus kinase,
nephrin, Sky, tyrosine kinase, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
protein, and Zap-70. Fyn has a unique N-terminal
domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a kinase domain
and a regulatory tail, as do the other members of the
family. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 101
Score = 26.9 bits (59), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 19/61 (31%), Positives = 30/61 (49%), Gaps = 7/61 (11%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT-----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNY 67
G FL+RES+ + G Y L+ +G KH + +D G T FE++ LV +
Sbjct: 27 GTFLIRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDDMKGDHVKHYKIRKLDNGGYYITTRAQFETLQQLVQH 86
Query: 68 H 68
+
Sbjct: 87 Y 87
>gnl|CDD|198254 cd10391, SH2_SHE, Src homology 2 domain found in SH2
domain-containing adapter protein E (SHE). SHE is
expressed in heart, lung, brain, and skeletal muscle.
SHE contains two pTry protein binding domains, protein
interaction domain (PID) and a SH2 domain, followed by
a glycine-proline rich region, all of which are
N-terminal to the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 98
Score = 26.8 bits (59), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 25/95 (26%), Positives = 44/95 (46%), Gaps = 20/95 (21%)
Query: 5 AKTAFPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQY--VLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDR------ 56
A++ ++ +LVR S+ +Y L QG H++ V +TKD
Sbjct: 13 AESRLQPCKEASYLVRNSESGNSKYSIALKTSQGCV--HII------VAQTKDNKYTLNQ 64
Query: 57 ---MFESVSHLVNYHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPV 88
+F+S+ +V+Y+ +LP AE + L +PV
Sbjct: 65 TSAVFDSIPEVVHYYSNEKLPFKGAEH-MTLLHPV 98
>gnl|CDD|198181 cd09927, SH2_Tensin_like, Src homology 2 domain found in
Tensin-like proteins. SH2 domain found in Tensin-like
proteins. The Tensins are a family of intracellular
proteins that interact with receptor tyrosine kinases
(RTKs), integrins, and actin. They are thought act as
signaling bridges between the extracellular space and
the cytoskeleton. There are four homologues: Tensin1,
Tensin2 (TENC1, C1-TEN), Tensin3 and Tensin4 (cten), all
of which contain a C-terminal tandem SH2-PTB domain
pairing, as well as actin-binding regions that may
localize them to focal adhesions. The isoforms of
Tensin2 and Tensin3 contain N-terminal C1 domains, which
are atypical and not expected to bind to phorbol esters.
Tensins 1-3 contain a phosphatase (PTPase) and C2 domain
pairing which resembles PTEN (phosphatase and tensin
homologue deleted on chromosome 10) protein. PTEN is a
lipid phosphatase that dephosphorylates
phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
(PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) to yield phosphatidylinositol
4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). As PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 is
the product of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)
activity, PTEN is therefore a key negative regulator of
the PI3K pathway. Because of their PTEN-like domains,
the Tensins may also possess phosphoinositide-binding or
phosphatase capabilities. However, only Tensin2 and
Tensin3 have the potential to be phosphatases since only
their PTPase domains contain a cysteine residue that is
essential for catalytic activity. In general SH2 domains
are involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 116
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 23/84 (27%), Positives = 33/84 (39%), Gaps = 21/84 (25%)
Query: 11 SRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVL-------------TGYQGGTKKHLL---LIDP-EGVVRT 53
+ G FLVR+S G Y L +G + L+ LI+P V+
Sbjct: 21 DKPPGTFLVRDSTTYKGAYGLAVKVATPPPGVNPFEAKGDPESELVRHFLIEPSPKGVKL 80
Query: 54 K----DRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQL 73
K + +F S+S LV H L
Sbjct: 81 KGCPNEPVFGSLSALVYQHSITPL 104
>gnl|CDD|198227 cd10364, SH2_Src_Lyn, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Lyn.
Lyn is a member of the Src non-receptor type tyrosine
kinase family of proteins and is expressed in the
hematopoietic cells, in neural tissues, liver, and
adipose tissue. There are two alternatively spliced
forms of Lyn. Lyn plays an inhibitory role in myeloid
lineage proliferation. Following engagement of the B
cell receptors, Lyn undergoes rapid phosphorylation and
activation, triggering a cascade of signaling events
mediated by Lyn phosphorylation of tyrosine residues
within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation
motifs (ITAM) of the receptor proteins, and subsequent
recruitment and activation of other kinases including
Syk, phospholipase C2 (PLC2) and phosphatidyl
inositol-3 kinase. These kinases play critical roles in
proliferation, Ca2+ mobilization and cell
differentiation. Lyn plays an essential role in the
transmission of inhibitory signals through
phosphorylation of tyrosine residues within the
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM)
in regulatory proteins such as CD22, PIR-B and FC
RIIb1. Their ITIM phosphorylation subsequently leads to
recruitment and activation of phosphatases such as
SHIP-1 and SHP-1 which further down modulate signaling
pathways, attenuate cell activation and can mediate
tolerance. Lyn also plays a role in the insulin
signaling pathway. Activated Lyn phosphorylates insulin
receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) leading to an increase in
translocation of Glut-4 to the cell membrane and
increased glucose utilization. It is the primary Src
family member involved in signaling downstream of the B
cell receptor. Lyn plays an unusual, 2-fold role in B
cell receptor signaling; it is essential for initiation
of signaling but is also later involved in negative
regulation of the signal. Lyn has a unique N-terminal
domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a kinase domain
and a regulatory tail, as do the other members of the
family. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 101
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 10/23 (43%), Positives = 13/23 (56%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT 32
P G FL+RES+ G Y L+
Sbjct: 22 PGNSAGAFLIRESETLKGSYSLS 44
>gnl|CDD|198206 cd10343, SH2_SHIP, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
SH2-containing inositol-5'-phosphatase (SHIP) and
SLAM-associated protein (SAP). The SH2-containing
inositol-5'-phosphatase, SHIP (also called
SHIP1/SHIP1a), is a hematopoietic-restricted
phosphatidylinositide phosphatase that translocates to
the plasma membrane after extracellular stimulation and
hydrolyzes the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
(PI3K)-generated second messenger PI-3,4,5-P3 (PIP3) to
PI-3,4-P2. As a result, SHIP dampens down PIP3 mediated
signaling and represses the proliferation,
differentiation, survival, activation, and migration of
hematopoietic cells. PIP3 recruits lipid-binding
pleckstrin homology(PH) domain-containing proteins to
the inner wall of the plasma membrane and activates
them. PH domain-containing downstream effectors include
the survival/proliferation enhancing serine/threonine
kinase, Akt (protein kinase B), the tyrosine kinase,
Btk, the regulator of protein translation, S6K, and the
Rac and cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Vav.
SHIP is believed to act as a tumor suppressor during
leukemogenesis and lymphomagenesis, and may play a role
in activating the immune system to combat cancer. SHIP
contains an N-terminal SH2 domain, a centrally located
phosphatase domain that specifically hydrolyzes the
5'-phosphate from PIP3, PI-4,5-P2 and
inositol-1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate (IP4), a C2 domain,
that is an allosteric activating site when bound by
SHIP's enzymatic product, PI-3,4-P2; 2 NPXY motifs that
bind proteins with a phosphotyrosine binding (Shc, Dok
1, Dok 2) or an SH2 (p85a, SHIP2) domain; and a
proline-rich domain consisting of four PxxP motifs that
bind a subset of SH3-containing proteins including
Grb2, Src, Lyn, Hck, Abl, PLCg1, and PIAS1. The SH2
domain of SHIP binds to the tyrosine phosphorylated
forms of Shc, SHP-2, Doks, Gabs, CD150,
platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, Cas,
c-Cbl, immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs
(ITIMs), and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation
motifs (ITAMs). The X-linked lymphoproliferative
syndrome (XLP) gene encodes SAP (also called
SH2D1A/DSHP) a protein that consists of a 5 residue
N-terminus, a single SH2 domain, and a short 25 residue
C-terminal tail. XLP is characterized by an extreme
sensitivity to Epstein-Barr virus. Both T and natural
killer (NK) cell dysfunctions have been seen in XLP
patients. SAP binds the cytoplasmic tail of Signaling
lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM), 2B4, Ly-9, and
CD84. SAP is believed to function as a signaling
inhibitor, by blocking or regulating binding of other
signaling proteins. SAP and the SAP-like protein EAT-2
recognize the sequence motif TIpYXX(V/I), which is
found in the cytoplasmic domains of a restricted number
of T, B, and NK cell surface receptors and are proposed
to be natural inhibitors or regulators of the
physiological role of a small family of receptors on
the surface of these cells. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 103
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 10/19 (52%), Positives = 13/19 (68%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVL 31
+DG FLVR+S+ G Y L
Sbjct: 24 KDGSFLVRDSESVSGAYAL 42
>gnl|CDD|198263 cd10400, SH2_SAP1a, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
SLAM-associated protein (SAP) 1a. The X-linked
lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) gene encodes SAP
(also called SH2D1A/DSHP) a protein that consists of a
5 residue N-terminus, a single SH2 domain, and a short
25 residue C-terminal tail. XLP is characterized by an
extreme sensitivity to Epstein-Barr virus. Both T and
natural killer (NK) cell dysfunctions have been seen in
XLP patients. SAP binds the cytoplasmic tail of
Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM), 2B4,
Ly-9, and CD84. SAP is believed to function as a
signaling inhibitor, by blocking or regulating binding
of other signaling proteins. SAP and the SAP-like
protein EAT-2 recognize the sequence motif TIpYXX[VI],
which is found in the cytoplasmic domains of a
restricted number of T, B, and NK cell surface
receptors and are proposed to be natural inhibitors or
regulators of the physiological role of a small family
of receptors on the surface of these cells. In general
SH2 domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 103
Score = 26.0 bits (57), Expect = 2.5
Identities = 9/19 (47%), Positives = 13/19 (68%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVL 31
DG +L+R+S+ PG Y L
Sbjct: 24 LDGSYLLRDSESVPGVYCL 42
>gnl|CDD|198255 cd10392, SH2_SHF, Src homology 2 domain found in SH2
domain-containing adapter protein F (SHF). SHF is
thought to play a role in PDGF-receptor signaling and
regulation of apoptosis. SHF is mainly expressed in
skeletal muscle, brain, liver, prostate, testis, ovary,
small intestine, and colon. SHF contains four putative
tyrosine phosphorylation sites and an SH2 domain. In
general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 98
Score = 25.8 bits (56), Expect = 2.7
Identities = 18/75 (24%), Positives = 35/75 (46%), Gaps = 3/75 (4%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLI---DPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHC 69
++ +LVR S+ S + L+ H+ L + + V+ F SV +++++
Sbjct: 21 KEASYLVRNSETSKNDFSLSLKSSQGFMHMKLSRTKEHKYVLGQNSPPFSSVPEIIHHYA 80
Query: 70 QNQLPIISAESALIL 84
+LPI AE +L
Sbjct: 81 SRKLPIKGAEHMSLL 95
>gnl|CDD|198261 cd10398, SH2_Tec_Txk, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in Tec
protein, Txk. A member of the Tec protein tyrosine
kinase Txk is expressed in thymus, spleen, lymph node, T
lymphocytes, NK cells, mast cell lines, and myeloid cell
line. Txk plays a role in TCR signal transduction, T
cell development, and selection which is analogous to
the function of Itk. Txk has been shown to interact with
IFN-gamma. Unlike most of the Tec family members Txk
lacks a PH domain. Instead Txk has a unique region
containing a palmitoylated cysteine string which has a
similar membrane tethering function as the PH domain.
Txk also has a zinc-binding motif, a SH3 domain, a SH2
domain, and a protein kinase catalytic domain. The TH
domain consists of a Zn2+-binding Btk motif and a
proline-rich region. The Btk motif is found in Tec
kinases, Ras GAP, and IGBP and crucial to the function
of the PH domain. It is not present in Txk which is not
surprising since it lacks a PH domain. The type 1 splice
form of the Drosophila homolog also lacks both the PH
domain and the Btk motif. The proline-rich regions are
highly conserved for the most part with the exception of
Bmx whose residues surrounding the PXXP motif are not
conserved (TH-like) and Btk29A which is entirely unique
with large numbers of glycine residues (TH-extended).
Tec family members all lack a C-terminal tyrosine having
an autoinhibitory function in its phosphorylated state.
In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 106
Score = 25.7 bits (56), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 19/84 (22%), Positives = 37/84 (44%), Gaps = 14/84 (16%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVR--------TKDRMFESVSHL 64
++G F+VR+S+ G Y ++ + + I + + + +F+S+ L
Sbjct: 27 KEGAFIVRDSR-HLGSYTISVFTRARRSTEASIKHYQIKKNDSGQWYVAERHLFQSIPEL 85
Query: 65 VNYHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPV 88
+ YH N ++S LR PV
Sbjct: 86 IQYHQHNAAGLMSR-----LRYPV 104
>gnl|CDD|198234 cd10371, SH2_Src_Blk, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in B
lymphoid kinase (Blk). Blk is a member of the Src
non-receptor type tyrosine kinase family of proteins.
Blk is expressed in the B-cells. Unlike most other Src
members Blk lacks cysteine residues in the SH4 domain
that undergo palmitylation. Blk is required for the
development of IL-17-producing gamma-delta T cells.
Furthermore, Blk is expressed in lymphoid precursors
and, in this capacity, plays a role in regulating
thymus cellularity during ontogeny. Blk has a unique
N-terminal domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a
kinase domain and a regulatory tail, as do the other
members of the family. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 100
Score = 25.4 bits (55), Expect = 3.8
Identities = 18/67 (26%), Positives = 32/67 (47%), Gaps = 6/67 (8%)
Query: 10 PSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT----GYQGGTKKHLLL--IDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSH 63
P + G FL+RES+ + G + L+ QG KH + +D G + F ++
Sbjct: 22 PMNKAGSFLIRESESNKGAFSLSVKDVTTQGEVVKHYKIRSLDNGGYYISPRITFPTLQA 81
Query: 64 LVNYHCQ 70
LV ++ +
Sbjct: 82 LVQHYSK 88
>gnl|CDD|198219 cd10356, SH2_ShkA_ShkC, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in SH2
domain-bearing protein kinases A and C (ShkA and ShkC).
SH2-bearing genes cloned from Dictyostelium include
two transcription factors, STATa and STATc, and a
signaling factor, SHK1 (shkA). A database search of the
Dictyostelium discoideum genome revealed two additional
putative STAT sequences, dd-STATb and dd-STATd, and
four additional putative SHK genes, dd-SHK2 (shkB),
dd-SHK3 (shkC), dd-SHK4 (shkD), and dd-SHK5 (shkE).
This model contains members of shkA and shkC. All of
the SHK members are most closely related to the protein
kinases found in plants. However these kinases in
plants are not conjugated to any SH2 or SH2-like
sequences. Alignment data indicates that the SHK SH2
domains carry some features of the STAT SH2 domains in
Dictyostelium. When STATc's linker domain was used for
a BLAST search, the sequence between the protein kinase
domain and the SH2 domain (the linker) of SHK was
recovered, suggesting a close relationship among these
molecules within this region. SHK's linker domain is
predicted to contain an alpha-helix which is indeed
homologous to that of STAT. Based on the phylogenetic
alignment, SH2 domains can be grouped into two
categories, STAT-type and Src-type. SHK family members
are in between, but are closer to the STAT-type which
indicates a close relationship between SHK and STAT
families in their SH2 domains and further supports the
notion that SHKs linker-SH2 domain evolved from STAT or
STATL (STAT-like Linker-SH2) domain found in plants. In
SHK, STAT, and SPT6, the linker-SH2 domains all reside
exclusively in the C-terminal regions. In general SH2
domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 113
Score = 25.6 bits (56), Expect = 4.0
Identities = 16/52 (30%), Positives = 24/52 (46%), Gaps = 1/52 (1%)
Query: 15 GDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGY-QGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLV 65
G FLVR S PG Y ++ + G H + P G + + + SV L+
Sbjct: 32 GTFLVRFSTSEPGAYTISKVSKNGGISHQRIHRPGGKFQVNNSKYLSVKELI 83
>gnl|CDD|177050 CHL00128, psbW, photosystem II protein W; Reviewed.
Length = 113
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 4.0
Identities = 16/46 (34%), Positives = 21/46 (45%), Gaps = 10/46 (21%)
Query: 44 LIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQLPIISAESALILRNPVA 89
LID EG + T+D VN N P E+ I++NP A
Sbjct: 56 LIDEEGELSTRD---------VNAKFINGKPQA-IEAIYIMKNPEA 91
>gnl|CDD|239269 cd02971, PRX_family, Peroxiredoxin (PRX) family; composed of the
different classes of PRXs including many proteins
originally known as bacterioferritin comigratory
proteins (BCP), based on their electrophoretic mobility
before their function was identified. PRXs are
thiol-specific antioxidant (TSA) proteins also known as
TRX peroxidases and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase C22
(AhpC) proteins. They confer a protective antioxidant
role in cells through their peroxidase activity in which
hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrate, and organic
hydroperoxides are reduced and detoxified using reducing
equivalents derived from either TRX, glutathione,
trypanothione and AhpF. They are distinct from other
peroxidases in that they have no cofactors such as
metals or prosthetic groups. The first step of
catalysis, common to all PRXs, is the nucleophilic
attack by the catalytic cysteine (also known as the
peroxidatic cysteine) on the peroxide leading to
cleavage of the oxygen-oxygen bond and the formation of
a cysteine sulfenic acid intermediate. The second step
of the reaction, the resolution of the intermediate,
distinguishes the different types of PRXs. The presence
or absence of a second cysteine (the resolving cysteine)
classifies PRXs as either belonging to the 2-cys or
1-cys type. The resolving cysteine of 2-cys PRXs is
either on the same chain (atypical) or on the second
chain (typical) of a functional homodimer. Structural
and motif analysis of this growing family supports the
need for a new classification system. The peroxidase
activity of PRXs is regulated in vivo by irreversible
cysteine over-oxidation into a sulfinic acid,
phosphorylation and limited proteolysis.
Length = 140
Score = 25.2 bits (56), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 6/17 (35%), Positives = 10/17 (58%)
Query: 36 GGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVR 52
G + +IDP+G +R
Sbjct: 107 GLAARATFIIDPDGKIR 123
>gnl|CDD|198177 cd09921, SH2_Jak_family, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain in the Janus
kinase (Jak) family. The Janus kinases (Jak) are a
family of 4 non-receptor tyrosine kinases (Jak1, Jak2,
Jak3, Tyk2) which respond to cytokine or growth factor
receptor activation. To transduce cytokine signaling, a
series of conformational changes occur in the
receptor-Jak complex upon extracellular ligand binding.
This results in trans-activation of the
receptor-associated Jaks followed by phosphorylation of
receptor tail tyrosine sites. The Signal Transducers
and Activators of Transcription (STAT) are then
recruited to the receptor tail, become phosphorylated
and translocate to the nucleus to regulate
transcription. Jaks have four domains: the pseudokinase
domain, the catalytic tyrosine kinase domain, the FERM
(band four-point-one, ezrin, radixin, and moesin)
domain, and the SH2 (Src Homology-2) domain. The Jak
kinases are regulated by several enzymatic and
non-enzymatic mechanisms. First, the Jak kinase domain
is regulated by phosphorylation of the activation loop
which is associated with the catalytically competent
kinase conformation and is distinct from the inactive
kinase conformation. Second, the pseudokinase domain
directly modulates Jak catalytic activity with the FERM
domain maintaining an active state. Third, the
suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family and
tyrosine phosphatases directly regulate Jak activity.
Dysregulation of Jak activity can manifest as either a
reduction or an increase in kinase activity resulting
in immunodeficiency, inflammatory diseases,
hematological defects, autoimmune and
myeloproliferative disorders, and susceptibility to
infection. Altered Jak regulation occurs by many
mechanisms, including: gene translocations, somatic or
inherited point mutations, receptor mutations, and
alterations in the activity of Jak regulators such as
SOCS or phosphatases. In general SH2 domains are
involved in signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 97
Score = 24.6 bits (54), Expect = 6.7
Identities = 15/70 (21%), Positives = 25/70 (35%), Gaps = 7/70 (10%)
Query: 4 IAKTAFPSRQDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLT----GYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKD---R 56
K + G +++RES+ Y + K + EG V D R
Sbjct: 25 YRKLKERGNKPGSYILRESETEYDTYYIDVCVKDGSRFQTKTFKIEKKEGGVFFLDGDSR 84
Query: 57 MFESVSHLVN 66
+ S+ L+N
Sbjct: 85 EYPSLRDLLN 94
>gnl|CDD|198218 cd10355, SH2_DAPP1_BAM32_like, Src homology 2 domain found in
dual adaptor for phosphotyrosine and
3-phosphoinositides ( DAPP1)/B lymphocyte adaptor
molecule of 32 kDa (Bam32)-like proteins. DAPP1/Bam32
contains a putative myristoylation site at its
N-terminus, followed by a SH2 domain, and a pleckstrin
homology (PH) domain at its C-terminus. DAPP1 could
potentially be recruited to the cell membrane by any of
these domains. Its putative myristoylation site could
facilitate the interaction of DAPP1 with the lipid
bilayer. Its SH2 domain may also interact with
phosphotyrosine residues on membrane-associated
proteins such as activated tyrosine kinase receptors.
And finally its PH domain exhibits a high-affinity
interaction with the PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) PtdIns(3,4)P(2)
second messengers produced at the cell membrane
following the activation of PI 3-kinases. DAPP1 is
thought to interact with both tyrosine phosphorylated
proteins and 3-phosphoinositides and therefore may play
a role in regulating the location and/or activity of
such proteins(s) in response to agonists that elevate
PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and PtdIns(3,4)P(2). This protein is
likely to play an important role in triggering signal
transduction pathways that lie downstream from receptor
tyrosine kinases and PI 3-kinase. It is likely that
DAPP1 functions as an adaptor to recruit other proteins
to the plasma membrane in response to extracellular
signals. In general SH2 domains are involved in signal
transduction. They typically bind pTyr-containing
ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic
binding pocket, allowing proteins with SH2 domains to
localize to tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 92
Score = 24.7 bits (54), Expect = 7.0
Identities = 18/68 (26%), Positives = 29/68 (42%), Gaps = 2/68 (2%)
Query: 13 QDGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKDRMFESVSHLVNYHCQNQ 72
DG +L+R S G + L+ + KH + + F S+ V H NQ
Sbjct: 27 VDGSYLLRNSNEGTGLFSLSVRAKDSVKHFHVEYTGYSFKFGFNEFSSLQDFVK-HFANQ 85
Query: 73 LPIISAES 80
P+I +E+
Sbjct: 86 -PLIGSET 92
>gnl|CDD|198205 cd10342, SH2_SAP1, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain found in
SLAM-associated protein (SAP)1. The X-linked
lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) gene encodes SAP
(also called SH2D1A/DSHP) a protein that consists of a
5 residue N-terminus, a single SH2 domain, and a short
25 residue C-terminal tail. XLP is characterized by an
extreme sensitivity to Epstein-Barr virus. Both T and
natural killer (NK) cell dysfunctions have been seen in
XLP patients. SAP binds the cytoplasmic tail of
Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM), 2B4,
Ly-9, and CD84. SAP is believed to function as a
signaling inhibitor, by blocking or regulating binding
of other signaling proteins. SAP and the SAP-like
protein EAT-2 recognize the sequence motif TIpYXX[VI],
which is found in the cytoplasmic domains of a
restricted number of T, B, and NK cell surface
receptors and are proposed to be natural inhibitors or
regulators of the physiological role of a small family
of receptors on the surface of these cells. In general
SH2 domains are involved in signal transduction. They
typically bind pTyr-containing ligands via two surface
pockets, a pTyr and hydrophobic binding pocket,
allowing proteins with SH2 domains to localize to
tyrosine phosphorylated sites.
Length = 103
Score = 24.6 bits (53), Expect = 7.1
Identities = 9/18 (50%), Positives = 13/18 (72%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVL 31
DG +L+R+S+ PG Y L
Sbjct: 25 DGSYLLRDSESVPGVYCL 42
>gnl|CDD|234571 PRK00011, glyA, serine hydroxymethyltransferase; Reviewed.
Length = 416
Score = 25.0 bits (56), Expect = 7.8
Identities = 9/20 (45%), Positives = 13/20 (65%), Gaps = 4/20 (20%)
Query: 36 GGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRTKD 55
GGT HL+L+D +R+K
Sbjct: 309 GGTDNHLVLVD----LRSKG 324
>gnl|CDD|198191 cd09938, SH2_N-SH2_Zap70_Syk_like, N-terminal Src homology 2
(SH2) domain found in Zeta-chain-associated protein
kinase 70 (ZAP-70) and Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)
proteins. ZAP-70 and Syk comprise a family of
hematopoietic cell specific protein tyrosine kinases
(PTKs) that are required for antigen and antibody
receptor function. ZAP-70 is expressed in T and natural
killer (NK) cells and Syk is expressed in B cells, mast
cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, platelets,
macrophages, and immature T cells. They are required
for the proper development of T and B cells, immune
receptors, and activating NK cells. They consist of two
N-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2) domains and a
C-terminal kinase domain separated from the SH2 domains
by a linker or hinge region. Phosphorylation of both
tyrosine residues within the Immunoreceptor
Tyrosine-based Activation Motifs (ITAM; consensus
sequence Yxx[LI]x(7,8)Yxx[LI]) by the Src-family PTKs
is required for efficient interaction of ZAP-70 and Syk
with the receptor subunits and for receptor function.
ZAP-70 forms two phosphotyrosine binding pockets, one
of which is shared by both SH2 domains. In Syk the two
SH2 domains do not form such a phosphotyrosine-binding
site. The SH2 domains here are believed to function
independently. In addition, the two SH2 domains of Syk
display flexibility in their relative orientation,
allowing Syk to accommodate a greater variety of
spacing sequences between the ITAM phosphotyrosines and
singly phosphorylated non-classical ITAM ligands. This
model contains the N-terminus SH2 domains of both Syk
and Zap70. In general SH2 domains are involved in
signal transduction. They typically bind
pTyr-containing ligands via two surface pockets, a pTyr
and hydrophobic binding pocket, allowing proteins with
SH2 domains to localize to tyrosine phosphorylated
sites.
Length = 104
Score = 24.7 bits (54), Expect = 8.4
Identities = 17/59 (28%), Positives = 23/59 (38%), Gaps = 2/59 (3%)
Query: 14 DGDFLVRESQGSPGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLL-IDPEGVVRTKD-RMFESVSHLVNYHCQ 70
DG FL+R+S S G YVL+ G H + G + + L YH
Sbjct: 24 DGLFLLRQSLRSLGGYVLSVCHGRKFHHYTIERQLNGTYAIAGGKAHCGPAELCEYHST 82
>gnl|CDD|184990 PRK15030, PRK15030, multidrug efflux system transporter AcrA;
Provisional.
Length = 397
Score = 25.1 bits (54), Expect = 9.7
Identities = 9/28 (32%), Positives = 15/28 (53%)
Query: 26 PGQYVLTGYQGGTKKHLLLIDPEGVVRT 53
PG +V + G + +L+ +GV RT
Sbjct: 289 PGMFVRARLEEGLNPNAILVPQQGVTRT 316
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.318 0.134 0.389
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0772 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 4,924,696
Number of extensions: 395103
Number of successful extensions: 387
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 369
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 78
Length of query: 101
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 67
Effective length of query: 34
Effective length of database: 7,965,884
Effective search space: 270840056
Effective search space used: 270840056
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.7 bits)
S2: 53 (24.1 bits)