RPS-BLAST 2.2.26 [Sep-21-2011]
Database: CDD.v3.10
44,354 sequences; 10,937,602 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= psy8615
(128 letters)
>gnl|CDD|241083 cd12639, RRM3_CELF3_4_5_6, RNA recognition motif 2 in CUGBP
Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6
and similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM3 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, and CELF-6, all of
which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors
(CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding
proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic
localizations and have been implicated in the
regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of
mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed
in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like
protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or
CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal
abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1
(ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4,
or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein
(TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis
of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains):
two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the
N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the
third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein.The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is
mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2.
The divergent linker region might mediate the
interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating
its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4,
highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular
tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal
muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein
4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like
CELF-3, CELF-4 also contains three highly conserved
RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of
CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its
RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-4, can activate
cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5,
expressed in brain, is also known as bruno-like protein
5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5.
Although its biological role remains unclear, CELF-5
shares same domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6,
strongly expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is
also known as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or
CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon
inclusion of a cardiac troponin T minigene in transient
transfection assays in an muscle-specific splicing
enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner and can activate
inclusion via multiple copies of a single element,
MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes skipping of exon 11 of
insulin receptor, a known target of CELF activity that
is expressed in kidney. In addition to three highly
conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also possesses numerous
potential phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear
localization signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an
alanine-rich region within the divergent linker region.
.
Length = 79
Score = 86.8 bits (215), Expect = 1e-23
Identities = 36/53 (67%), Positives = 42/53 (79%)
Query: 40 GPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
GPEG NLFIYHLP EF DA+L MF PFG V+SAKVF+D+ N+SKCFG + F
Sbjct: 1 GPEGCNLFIYHLPQEFGDAELMQMFLPFGNVISAKVFVDRATNQSKCFGFVSF 53
>gnl|CDD|241084 cd12640, RRM3_Bruno_like, RNA recognition motif 3 in Drosophila
melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of Bruno protein, a
Drosophila RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing
protein that plays a central role in regulation of
Oskar (Osk) expression. It mediates repression by
binding to regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs) in
the Osk mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein
contains three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half
of the protein and the third near the C-terminus,
separated by a linker region. .
Length = 79
Score = 86.2 bits (213), Expect = 2e-23
Identities = 38/53 (71%), Positives = 42/53 (79%)
Query: 40 GPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
GPEG NLFIYHLP EF+D DLA F PFG V+SAKVFIDKQ N SKCFG + +
Sbjct: 1 GPEGCNLFIYHLPQEFTDTDLAQTFLPFGNVISAKVFIDKQTNLSKCFGFVSY 53
>gnl|CDD|241082 cd12638, RRM3_CELF1_2, RNA recognition motif 3 in CUGBP Elav-like
family member CELF-1, CELF-2 and similar proteins.
This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of CELF-1 (also
termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or EDEN-BP) and CELF-2
(also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR),
both of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like
factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of
RNA-binding proteins that have been implicated in the
regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of
mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-1 is strongly
expressed in all adult and fetal tissues tested. Human
CELF-1 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein
that regulates multiple aspects of nuclear and
cytoplasmic mRNA processing, with implications for
onset of type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a
neuromuscular disease associated with an unstable CUG
triplet expansion in the 3'-UTR (3'-untranslated
region) of the DMPK (myotonic dystrophy protein kinase)
gene; it preferentially targets UGU-rich mRNA elements.
It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element,
a cis-element involved in translational control of
oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity
to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this
process. The Xenopus homolog embryo deadenylation
element-binding protein (EDEN-BP) mediates
sequence-specific deadenylation of Eg5 mRNA. It
specifically binds to the EDEN motif in the
3'-untranslated regions of maternal mRNAs and targets
these mRNAs for deadenylation and translational
repression. CELF-1 contain three highly conserved RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains):
two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the
N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the
third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein. The two N-terminal RRMs of EDEN-BP are
necessary for the interaction with EDEN as well as a
part of the linker region (between RRM2 and RRM3).
Oligomerization of EDEN-BP is required for specific
mRNA deadenylation and binding. CELF-2 is expressed in
all tissues at some level, but highest in brain, heart,
and thymus. It has been implicated in the regulation of
nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA processing events,
including alternative splicing, RNA editing, stability
and translation. CELF-2 shares high sequence identity
with CELF-1, but shows different binding specificity;
it binds preferentially to sequences with UG repeats
and UGUU motifs. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno
response element, a cis-element involved in
translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and
share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila
protein that mediates this process. It also binds to
the 3'-UTR of cyclooxygenase-2 messages, affecting both
translation and mRNA stability, and binds to apoB mRNA,
regulating its C to U editing. CELF-2 also contain
three highly conserved RRMs. It binds to RNA via the
first two RRMs, which are important for localization in
the cytoplasm. The splicing activation or repression
activity of CELF-2 on some specific substrates is
mediated by RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-2,
can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5
inclusion. In addition, CELF-2 possesses a typical
arginine and lysine-rich nuclear localization signal
(NLS) in the C-terminus, within RRM3. .
Length = 92
Score = 86.3 bits (213), Expect = 3e-23
Identities = 40/56 (71%), Positives = 43/56 (76%)
Query: 37 QLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
Q GPEGANLFIYHLP EF D DL MF PFG V+SAKVFIDKQ N SKCFG + +
Sbjct: 1 QKEGPEGANLFIYHLPQEFGDQDLLQMFMPFGNVVSAKVFIDKQTNLSKCFGFVSY 56
>gnl|CDD|240808 cd12362, RRM3_CELF1-6, RNA recognition motif 3 in CELF/Bruno-like
family of RNA binding proteins CELF1, CELF2, CELF3,
CELF4, CELF5, CELF6 and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of the CUGBP1 and
ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like)
proteins, a family of structurally related RNA-binding
proteins involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA
splicing in the nucleus and in the control of mRNA
translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The
family contains six members: CELF-1 (also termed
BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or NAPOR, or EDEN-BP), CELF-2
(also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or
NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also termed BRUNOL-1, or TNRC4, or
ETR-1, or CAGH4, or ER DA4), CELF-4 (also termed
BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (also termed BRUNOL-5), CELF-6 (also
termed BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly
conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated
in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region
and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker
region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the
co-factors that associate with the various CELF family
members. Based on both sequence similarity and
function, the CELF family can be divided into two
subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and
the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The
different CELF proteins may act through different sites
on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins
may interact with each other in varying combinations to
influence alternative splicing in different contexts. .
Length = 73
Score = 78.8 bits (195), Expect = 1e-20
Identities = 29/43 (67%), Positives = 34/43 (79%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
LFIYHLP EF+D DL +F PFG V+SAKVF+DK +SKCFG
Sbjct: 1 LFIYHLPNEFTDQDLYQLFAPFGNVISAKVFVDKNTGQSKCFG 43
>gnl|CDD|214636 smart00360, RRM, RNA recognition motif.
Length = 73
Score = 55.7 bits (135), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 29/48 (60%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +LPP+ ++ +L +F FG V S ++ DK+ +SK F + F
Sbjct: 1 TLFVGNLPPDTTEEELRELFSKFGKVESVRLVRDKETGKSKGFAFVEF 48
>gnl|CDD|240689 cd12243, RRM1_MSSP, RNA recognition motif 1 in the c-myc gene
single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of c-myc gene
single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family, including
single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1 (also termed
RBMS1 or SCR2) and MSSP-2 (also termed RBMS2 or SCR3).
All MSSP family members contain two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), both of which are
responsible for the specific DNA binding activity.
Both, MSSP-1 and -2, have been identified as protein
factors binding to a putative DNA replication
origin/transcriptional enhancer sequence present
upstream from the human c-myc gene in both single- and
double-stranded forms. Thus, they have been implied in
regulating DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis
induction, and cell-cycle movement, via the interaction
with c-MYC, the product of protooncogene c-myc.
Moreover, the family includes a new member termed
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
3 (RBMS3), which is not a transcriptional regulator.
RBMS3 binds with high affinity to A/U-rich stretches of
RNA, and to A/T-rich DNA sequences, and functions as a
regulator of cytoplasmic activity. In addition, a
putative meiosis-specific RNA-binding protein termed
sporulation-specific protein 5 (SPO5, or meiotic
RNA-binding protein 1, or meiotically up-regulated gene
12 protein), encoded by Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Spo5/Mug12 gene, is also included in this family. SPO5
is a novel meiosis I regulator that may function in the
vicinity of the Mei2 dot. .
Length = 71
Score = 50.7 bits (122), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 19/48 (39%), Positives = 30/48 (62%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
N++I LPP +D DL + PFG ++S K +DK+ N+ K +G + F
Sbjct: 2 NVYIRGLPPNTTDEDLEKLCQPFGKIISTKAILDKKTNKCKGYGFVDF 49
>gnl|CDD|240826 cd12380, RRM3_I_PABPs, RNA recognition motif 3 found in type I
polyadenylate-binding proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM3 of type I poly(A)-binding
proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind
to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most
eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the
regulation of poly(A) tail length during the
polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation
and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents
type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs),
including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or
PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or
PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or
APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5
(PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein
1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding
protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32),
polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or
PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein,
cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar
proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed
multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end
formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease
activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA
decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is
thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found
in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in
nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP
particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a
less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich
C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a
testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically
expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in
mammalian and may play an important role in the
testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3
shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1.
However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than
PABP-1. PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its
5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of
translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks
the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an
inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is
primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows
significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The
RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to
be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within
the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal
brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian,
such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role
in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs,
PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the
linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like
2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the
ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain
unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a
conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A)
tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The
yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in
the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like
vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a
linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The
first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific
binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 80
Score = 50.7 bits (122), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 27/48 (56%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
N+++ +L + D L +FG +G + SAKV D +SK FG + F
Sbjct: 3 NVYVKNLGEDMDDEKLKELFGKYGKITSAKVMKD-DEGKSKGFGFVNF 49
>gnl|CDD|240823 cd12377, RRM3_Hu, RNA recognition motif 3 in the Hu proteins
family. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of the
Hu proteins family which represent a group of
RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological
processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology
with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision
(ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to
as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively
expressed in neurons and is required for the correct
differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The
neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B
(HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3
or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play
important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity
and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen
R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed
Hu family member. It has a variety of biological
functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular
response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu
proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear
molecular functions by coordinately regulating
functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu
proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements
(AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain
target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial
growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1,
eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing
mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of
some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and
p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators
of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu
protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to
maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and
might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in
protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 78
Score = 48.1 bits (115), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 18/46 (39%), Positives = 28/46 (60%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
G +F+Y+LPP+ ++ L +F PFG V + KV D N+ K +G
Sbjct: 1 GWCIFVYNLPPDADESLLWQLFSPFGAVTNVKVIRDLTTNKCKGYG 46
>gnl|CDD|240827 cd12381, RRM4_I_PABPs, RNA recognition motif 4 in type I
polyadenylate-binding proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM4 of type I poly(A)-binding
proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind
to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most
eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in theThe
CD corresponds to the RRM. regulation of poly(A) tail
length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation
initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate
of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The
family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins
(PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1
(PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3
(PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4
(PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding
protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding
protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L),
polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or
RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like
(PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding
protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and
similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed
multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end
formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease
activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA
decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is
thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found
in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in
nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP
particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a
less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich
C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a
testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically
expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in
mammalian and may play an important role in the
testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3
shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1.
However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than
PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence
in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage
of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3
lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an
inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is
primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows
significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The
RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to
be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within
the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal
brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian,
such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role
in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs,
PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the
linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like
2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the
ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain
unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a
conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A)
tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The
yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in
the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like
vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a
linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The
first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific
binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 79
Score = 48.4 bits (116), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 22/51 (43%), Positives = 28/51 (54%), Gaps = 1/51 (1%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
G NL++ +L D L F PFGT+ SAKV D + RSK FG + F
Sbjct: 1 GVNLYVKNLDDSIDDERLREEFSPFGTITSAKVMTD-EKGRSKGFGFVCFS 50
>gnl|CDD|130689 TIGR01628, PABP-1234, polyadenylate binding protein, human types 1,
2, 3, 4 family. These eukaryotic proteins recognize the
poly-A of mRNA and consists of four tandem RNA
recognition domains at the N-terminus (rrm: pfam00076)
followed by a PABP-specific domain (pfam00658) at the
C-terminus. The protein is involved in the transport of
mRNA's from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. There are four
paralogs in Homo sapiens which are expressed in testis
(GP:11610605_PABP3 ), platelets (SP:Q13310_PABP4 ),
broadly expressed (SP:P11940_PABP1) and of unknown
tissue range (SP:Q15097_PABP2).
Length = 562
Score = 51.3 bits (123), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 17/51 (33%), Positives = 29/51 (56%), Gaps = 1/51 (1%)
Query: 42 EGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+G NL++ +L +D L +F G + SAKV +D++ S+ FG + F
Sbjct: 284 QGVNLYVKNLDDTVTDEKLRELFSECGEITSAKVMLDEK-GVSRGFGFVCF 333
Score = 46.0 bits (109), Expect = 8e-07
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 26/48 (54%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
NL++ +L P ++ L +F FG + SA V D + RS+ F + F
Sbjct: 180 NLYVKNLDPSVNEDKLRELFAKFGEITSAAVMKD-GSGRSRGFAFVNF 226
Score = 37.9 bits (88), Expect = 7e-04
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 26/48 (54%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
N+F+ +L + L F FG +LS KV D +N +S+ +G + F
Sbjct: 90 NIFVKNLDKSVDNKALFDTFSKFGNILSCKVATD-ENGKSRGYGFVHF 136
Score = 33.2 bits (76), Expect = 0.023
Identities = 19/49 (38%), Positives = 29/49 (59%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
A+L++ L P+ ++A L +F PFG VLS +V D RS +G + F
Sbjct: 1 ASLYVGDLDPDVTEAKLYDLFKPFGPVLSVRVCRDSVTRRSLGYGYVNF 49
>gnl|CDD|240799 cd12353, RRM2_TIA1_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in
granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and
TIAR. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of
nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and
nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which
are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in
inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target
cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity.
They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types.
TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine
kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.
TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of
hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is
translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in
response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both,
TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to
poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three
N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich
C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a
lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with
RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their
RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich
RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be
responsible for interacting with other proteins. In
addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine
protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the
junction between their RNA binding domains and their
C-terminal auxiliary domains.
Length = 75
Score = 47.4 bits (113), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 18/51 (35%), Positives = 29/51 (56%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
++F+ L PE L + F PFG + A+V D Q +SK +G + F++K
Sbjct: 1 HIFVGDLSPEIDTETLRAAFAPFGEISDARVVKDMQTGKSKGYGFVSFVKK 51
>gnl|CDD|240845 cd12399, RRM_HP0827_like, RNA recognition motif in Helicobacter
pylori HP0827 protein and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM of H. pylori HP0827, a
putative ssDNA-binding protein 12rnp2 precursor,
containing one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain). The ssDNA binding may be important in
activation of HP0827. .
Length = 78
Score = 46.8 bits (112), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 19/44 (43%), Positives = 29/44 (65%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
NL++ +LP ++ DL +FG FG V SA+V D++ RS+ FG
Sbjct: 1 NLYVGNLPYNVTEEDLKDLFGQFGEVTSARVITDRETGRSRGFG 44
>gnl|CDD|233516 TIGR01661, ELAV_HUD_SF, ELAV/HuD family splicing factor. This
model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing
factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human
paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which
there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the
Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein.
ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as
HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3,
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated
antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are
most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of
splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659).
These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm:
pfam00076).
Length = 352
Score = 49.9 bits (119), Expect = 4e-08
Identities = 33/108 (30%), Positives = 50/108 (46%), Gaps = 4/108 (3%)
Query: 15 TMSPTALSGLASSNAAVGSSGKQLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAK 74
SP A G + A G+ G G +F+Y+L P+ + L +FGPFG V + K
Sbjct: 243 RASPPATDGQTAG-LAAGAQIAASDG-AGYCIFVYNLSPDTDETVLWQLFGPFGAVQNVK 300
Query: 75 VFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIRFDTANDY-LGQSFLKPSFNT 121
+ D N+ K +G + M + + + N Y LG L+ SF T
Sbjct: 301 IIRDLTTNQCKGYG-FVSMTNYDEAAMAILSLNGYTLGNRVLQVSFKT 347
Score = 41.1 bits (96), Expect = 4e-05
Identities = 18/55 (32%), Positives = 32/55 (58%)
Query: 42 EGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKF 96
+GANL++ LP + +L S+F PFG ++++++ D SK G I F ++
Sbjct: 88 KGANLYVSGLPKTMTQHELESIFSPFGQIITSRILSDNVTGLSKGVGFIRFDKRD 142
Score = 30.7 bits (69), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 14/50 (28%), Positives = 27/50 (54%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMR 94
NL + +LP + ++ S+F G + S K+ DK +S +G + ++R
Sbjct: 5 NLIVNYLPQTMTQEEIRSLFTSIGEIESCKLVRDKVTGQSLGYGFVNYVR 54
>gnl|CDD|241099 cd12655, RRM3_HuC, RNA recognition motif 3 in vertebrate Hu-antigen
C (HuC). This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuC,
also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or
paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated
antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen
21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu
family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in
neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like
other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or
RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE).
The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by
flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of
the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A)
tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 85
Score = 47.0 bits (111), Expect = 5e-08
Identities = 29/80 (36%), Positives = 42/80 (52%), Gaps = 2/80 (2%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIR 102
G +F+Y+L PE ++ L +FGPFG V + KV D N+ K FG + M + +
Sbjct: 1 GWCIFVYNLSPEADESVLWQLFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFTTNKCKGFG-FVTMTNYDEAAMA 59
Query: 103 FDTANDY-LGQSFLKPSFNT 121
+ N Y LG L+ SF T
Sbjct: 60 IASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKT 79
>gnl|CDD|240668 cd00590, RRM_SF, RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily. RRM,
also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), is a highly abundant domain
in eukaryotes found in proteins involved in
post-transcriptional gene expression processes
including mRNA and rRNA processing, RNA export, and RNA
stability. This domain is 90 amino acids in length and
consists of a four-stranded beta-sheet packed against
two alpha-helices. RRM usually interacts with ssRNA,
but is also known to interact with ssDNA as well as
proteins. RRM binds a variable number of nucleotides,
ranging from two to eight. The active site includes
three aromatic side-chains located within the conserved
RNP1 and RNP2 motifs of the domain. The RRM domain is
found in a variety heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), proteins implicated in
regulation of alternative splicing, and protein
components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins
(snRNPs).
Length = 72
Score = 46.5 bits (111), Expect = 5e-08
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 29/47 (61%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +LPP+ ++ DL +F FG + S ++ DK + +SK F + F
Sbjct: 1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLRELFSKFGEIESVRIVRDK-DGKSKGFAFVEF 46
>gnl|CDD|240914 cd12470, RRM1_MSSP1, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MSSP-1, also termed
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
1 (RBMS1), or suppressor of CDC2 with RNA-binding motif
2 (SCR2), a double- and single-stranded DNA binding
protein that belongs to the c-myc single-strand binding
proteins (MSSP) family. It specifically recognizes the
sequence CT(A/T)(A/T)T, and stimulates DNA replication
in the system using SV40 DNA. MSSP-1 is identical with
Scr2, a human protein which complements the defect of
cdc2 kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. MSSP-1 has
been implied in regulating DNA replication,
transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle
movement, via the interaction with C-MYC, the product
of protooncogene c-myc. MSSP-1 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
both of which are responsible for the specific DNA
binding activity as well as induction of apoptosis. .
Length = 86
Score = 46.4 bits (109), Expect = 8e-08
Identities = 19/48 (39%), Positives = 29/48 (60%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
NL+I LPP +D DL + P+G ++S K +DK N+ K +G + F
Sbjct: 9 NLYIRGLPPNTTDQDLVKLCQPYGKIVSTKAILDKTTNKCKGYGFVDF 56
>gnl|CDD|241098 cd12654, RRM3_HuB, RNA recognition motif 3 in vertebrate Hu-antigen
B (HuB). This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuB,
also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like
neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific
RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal
members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play
important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity
and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is
up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of
embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins,
HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also
termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate
in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may
help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein
complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 86
Score = 45.5 bits (107), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 29/80 (36%), Positives = 42/80 (52%), Gaps = 2/80 (2%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIR 102
G +F+Y+L P+ ++ L MFGPFG V + KV D N+ K FG + M + +
Sbjct: 3 GWCIFVYNLAPDADESILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFG-FVTMTNYDEAAMA 61
Query: 103 FDTANDY-LGQSFLKPSFNT 121
+ N Y LG L+ SF T
Sbjct: 62 IASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKT 81
>gnl|CDD|215696 pfam00076, RRM_1, RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP
domain). The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an
RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA
binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins,
proteins implicated in regulation of alternative
splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif
also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding
proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands
and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich,
with a third helix present during RNA binding in some
cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final
helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the
SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm
which is included in the seed. There is a second region
towards the C terminus that has some features
characteristic of a rrm but does not appear to have the
important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are
one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.
Length = 70
Score = 44.5 bits (106), Expect = 2e-07
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 28/47 (59%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +LPP+ ++ DL +F FG + S ++ D + RSK F + F
Sbjct: 1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFGPIESIRIVRD-ETGRSKGFAFVEF 46
>gnl|CDD|240916 cd12472, RRM1_RBMS3, RNA recognition motif 1 found in vertebrate
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
3 (RBMS3). This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of
RBMS3, a new member of the c-myc gene single-strand
binding proteins (MSSP) family of DNA regulators.
Unlike other MSSP proteins, RBMS3 is not a
transcriptional regulator. It binds with high affinity
to A/U-rich stretches of RNA, and to A/T-rich DNA
sequences, and functions as a regulator of cytoplasmic
activity. RBMS3 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and its C-terminal
region is acidic and enriched in prolines, glutamines
and threonines. .
Length = 80
Score = 44.0 bits (103), Expect = 6e-07
Identities = 19/48 (39%), Positives = 29/48 (60%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
NL+I LPP +D DL + P+G ++S K +DK N+ K +G + F
Sbjct: 6 NLYIRGLPPGTTDQDLIKLCQPYGKIVSTKAILDKNTNQCKGYGFVDF 53
>gnl|CDD|241100 cd12656, RRM3_HuD, RNA recognition motif 3 in vertebrate Hu-antigen
D (HuD). This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuD,
also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or
paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the
neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu
proteins play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been
implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such
as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal
precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature
neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of
mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich
RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts.
Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability
of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells. And it also
regulates the neurite elongation and morphological
differentiation. HuD specifically bound poly(A) RNA.
Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding
domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and
RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help
to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex,
and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in
protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 86
Score = 43.5 bits (102), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 28/80 (35%), Positives = 42/80 (52%), Gaps = 2/80 (2%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIR 102
G +F+Y+L P+ ++ L +FGPFG V + KV D N+ K FG + M + +
Sbjct: 3 GWCIFVYNLSPDSDESVLWQLFGPFGAVNNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFG-FVTMTNYDEAAMA 61
Query: 103 FDTANDY-LGQSFLKPSFNT 121
+ N Y LG L+ SF T
Sbjct: 62 IASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKT 81
>gnl|CDD|240690 cd12244, RRM2_MSSP, RNA recognition motif 2 in the c-myc gene
single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of c-myc gene
single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family, including
single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1 (also termed
RBMS1 or SCR2) and MSSP-2 (also termed RBMS2 or SCR3).
All MSSP family members contain two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), both of which are
responsible for the specific DNA binding activity.
Both, MSSP-1 and -2, have been identified as protein
factors binding to a putative DNA replication
origin/transcriptional enhancer sequence present
upstream from the human c-myc gene in both single- and
double-stranded forms. Thus they have been implied in
regulating DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis
induction, and cell-cycle movement, via the interaction
with C-MYC, the product of protooncogene c-myc.
Moreover, they family includes a new member termed
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
3 (RBMS3), which is not a transcriptional regulator.
RBMS3 binds with high affinity to A/U-rich stretches of
RNA, and to A/T-rich DNA sequences, and functions as a
regulator of cytoplasmic activity. In addition, a
putative meiosis-specific RNA-binding protein termed
sporulation-specific protein 5 (SPO5, or meiotic
RNA-binding protein 1, or meiotically up-regulated gene
12 protein), encoded by Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Spo5/Mug12 gene, is also included in this family. SPO5
is a novel meiosis I regulator that may function in the
vicinity of the Mei2 dot. .
Length = 79
Score = 42.7 bits (101), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 13/38 (34%), Positives = 22/38 (57%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNN 82
NL+I +LP + DL +M P+G V+S ++ D +
Sbjct: 2 NLYISNLPLHMDEQDLETMLKPYGQVISTRILRDSKGQ 39
>gnl|CDD|241097 cd12653, RRM3_HuR, RNA recognition motif 3 in vertebrate Hu-antigen
R (HuR). This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuR,
also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), the
ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a
variety of biological functions mostly related to the
regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other
types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function
during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and
enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic
proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha.
HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting
apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore,
HuR may be important in muscle differentiation,
adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and
modulation of gene expression in response to chronic
ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other
Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate
in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may
help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein
complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 84
Score = 43.1 bits (101), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 29/80 (36%), Positives = 40/80 (50%), Gaps = 2/80 (2%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIR 102
G +FIY+L + + L MFGPFG V + KV D N+ K FG + M + +
Sbjct: 1 GWCIFIYNLGQDADEGILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFG-FVTMTNYEEAAMA 59
Query: 103 FDTANDY-LGQSFLKPSFNT 121
+ N Y LG L+ SF T
Sbjct: 60 IASLNGYRLGDKILQVSFKT 79
>gnl|CDD|240863 cd12417, RRM_SAFB_like, RNA recognition motif in the scaffold
attachment factor (SAFB) family. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM domain of the SAFB family,
including scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1),
scaffold attachment factor B2 (SAFB2), SAFB-like
transcriptional modulator (SLTM), and similar proteins,
which are ubiquitously expressed. SAFB1, SAFB2 and SLTM
have been implicated in many diverse cellular processes
including cell growth and transformation, stress
response, and apoptosis. They share high sequence
similarities and all contain a scaffold attachment
factor-box (SAF-box, also known as SAP domain)
DNA-binding motif, an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also
known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region rich in
glutamine and arginine residues. SAFB1 is a nuclear
protein with a distribution similar to that of SLTM,
but unlike that of SAFB2, which is also found in the
cytoplasm. To a large extent, SAFB1 and SLTM might
share similar functions, such as the inhibition of an
oestrogen reporter gene. The additional cytoplasmic
localization of SAFB2 implies that it could play
additional roles in the cytoplasmic compartment which
are distinct from the nuclear functions shared with
SAFB1 and SLTM. .
Length = 74
Score = 42.3 bits (100), Expect = 2e-06
Identities = 14/48 (29%), Positives = 26/48 (54%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
NL++ L ADL +F +G V+ AK+ + ++ ++CFG +
Sbjct: 1 NLWVSGLSSTTKAADLKQLFSKYGKVVGAKIVTNARSPGARCFGFVTM 48
>gnl|CDD|240776 cd12330, RRM2_Hrp1p, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast nuclear
polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 4 (Hrp1p or Nab4p)
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM1 of Hrp1p and similar proteins. Hrp1p or Nab4p,
also termed cleavage factor IB (CFIB), is a
sequence-specific trans-acting factor that is essential
for mRNA 3'-end formation in yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. It can be UV cross-linked to RNA and
specifically recognizes the (UA)6 RNA element required
for both, the cleavage and poly(A) addition steps.
Moreover, Hrp1p can shuttle between the nucleus and the
cytoplasm, and play an additional role in the export of
mRNAs to the cytoplasm. Hrp1p also interacts with
Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF1A. In addition,
Hrp1p functions as a factor directly involved in
modulating the activity of the nonsense-mediated mRNA
decay (NMD) pathway; it binds specifically to a
downstream sequence element (DSE)-containing RNA and
interacts with Upf1p, a component of the surveillance
complex, further triggering the NMD pathway. Hrp1p
contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an
arginine-glycine-rich region harboring repeats of the
sequence RGGF/Y. .
Length = 75
Score = 41.6 bits (98), Expect = 4e-06
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 26/47 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ LPP+ ++ + F FG V+ A++ D RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 2 IFVGGLPPDVTEEEFKEYFSQFGKVVDAQLMQDHDTGRSRGFGFVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|240681 cd12235, RRM_PPIL4, RNA recognition motif in peptidyl-prolyl
cis-trans isomerase-like 4 (PPIase) and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of
PPIase, also termed cyclophilin-like protein PPIL4, or
rotamase PPIL4, a novel nuclear RNA-binding protein
encoded by cyclophilin-like PPIL4 gene. The precise
role of PPIase remains unclear. PPIase contains a
conserved N-terminal peptidyl-prolyl cistrans isomerase
(PPIase) motif, a central RNA recognition motif (RRM),
also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a lysine rich
domain, and a pair of bipartite nuclear targeting
sequences (NLS) at the C-terminus.
Length = 83
Score = 41.9 bits (99), Expect = 4e-06
Identities = 18/50 (36%), Positives = 25/50 (50%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
LF+ L P +D DL +F FG + S +V DK+ S + I F K
Sbjct: 6 LFVCKLNPVTTDEDLEIIFSRFGKIKSCEVIRDKKTGDSLQYAFIEFETK 55
>gnl|CDD|240762 cd12316, RRM3_RBM19_RRM2_MRD1, RNA recognition motif 3 in
RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and RNA recognition
motif 2 found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing
protein 1 (MRD1). This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM3 of RBM19 and RRM2 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed
RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein
conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis
by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation
development. It has a unique domain organization
containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel
yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is
well conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all
eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the
nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA
(pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is
essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2
cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5
conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural
role in organizing specific rRNA processing events. .
Length = 74
Score = 41.5 bits (98), Expect = 5e-06
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 27/48 (56%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
LF+ +LP ++ +L +F FG + + +DK+ RSK F + FM
Sbjct: 2 LFVRNLPFTTTEEELRELFEAFGEISEVHLPLDKETKRSKGFAFVSFM 49
>gnl|CDD|241096 cd12652, RRM2_Hu, RNA recognition motif 2 in the Hu proteins
family. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu
proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding
proteins involved in diverse biological processes.
Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the
Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV)
protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the
ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed
in neurons and is required for the correct
differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The
neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B
(HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3
or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play
important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity
and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen
R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed
Hu family member. It has a variety of biological
functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular
response to DNA damage and other types of stress.
Moreover, HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during
early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and
enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic
proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha.
HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting
apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore,
HuR may be important in muscle differentiation,
adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and
modulation of gene expression in response to chronic
ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins
perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular
functions by coordinately regulating functionally
related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize
and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3'
untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs,
such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor
(VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and
c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They
also bind and regulate the translation of some target
mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the
nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of
polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu
protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to
maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and
might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in
protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 79
Score = 41.1 bits (97), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 14/49 (28%), Positives = 28/49 (57%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
ANL++ LP + +L ++F P+G ++++++ D S+ G I F
Sbjct: 1 ANLYVSGLPKTMTQQELEALFSPYGRIITSRILCDNVTGLSRGVGFIRF 49
>gnl|CDD|240772 cd12326, RRM1_hnRNPA0, RNA recognition motif 1 found in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 (hnRNP A0)
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM1 of hnRNP A0 which is a low abundance hnRNP
protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in
mammalian cells. It has been identified as the
substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional
regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha),
cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory
protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A0 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
followed by a long glycine-rich region at the
C-terminus. .
Length = 79
Score = 40.9 bits (96), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 24/51 (47%)
Query: 42 EGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+ LF+ L + SD+ L F +G + V +D RS+ FG I F
Sbjct: 1 QLCKLFVGGLNLKTSDSGLRRHFTRYGKLTECVVMVDPNTKRSRGFGFITF 51
>gnl|CDD|240853 cd12407, RRM_FOX1_like, RNA recognition motif in vertebrate RNA
binding protein fox-1 homologs and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of several
tissue-specific alternative splicing isoforms of
vertebrate RNA binding protein Fox-1 homologs, which
show high sequence similarity to the Caenorhabditis
elegans feminizing locus on X (Fox-1) gene encoding
Fox-1 protein. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 1
(RBFOX1), also termed ataxin-2-binding protein 1
(A2BP1), or Fox-1 homolog A, or
hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 1 (HRNBP1), is
predominantly expressed in neurons, skeletal muscle and
heart. It regulates alternative splicing of
tissue-specific exons by binding to UGCAUG elements.
Moreover, RBFOX1 binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2
and forms an ataxin-2/A2BP1 complex involved in RNA
processing. RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2
(RBFOX2), also termed Fox-1 homolog B, or
hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 2 (HRNBP2), or
RNA-binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), or repressor of
tamoxifen transcriptional activity, is expressed in
ovary, whole embryo, and human embryonic cell lines in
addition to neurons and muscle. RBFOX2 activates
splicing of neuron-specific exons through binding to
downstream UGCAUG elements. RBFOX2 also functions as a
repressor of tamoxifen activation of the estrogen
receptor. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 3 (RBFOX3
or NeuN or HRNBP3), also termed Fox-1 homolog C, is a
nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative
splicing of the RBFOX2 pre-mRNA, producing a message
encoding a dominant negative form of the RBFOX2
protein. Its message is detected exclusively in
post-mitotic regions of embryonic brain. Like RBFOX1,
both RBFOX2 and RBFOX3 bind to the hexanucleotide
UGCAUG elements and modulate brain and muscle-specific
splicing of exon EIIIB of fibronectin, exon N1 of
c-src, and calcitonin/CGRP. Members in this family also
harbor one RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains). .
Length = 76
Score = 40.9 bits (96), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 19/50 (38%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 4/50 (8%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNR-SKCFGTIIFMR 94
L + ++P F D DL MFG FG +L ++ N R SK FG + F
Sbjct: 3 LHVSNIPFRFRDPDLRQMFGQFGPILDVEIIF---NERGSKGFGFVTFAN 49
>gnl|CDD|223796 COG0724, COG0724, RNA-binding proteins (RRM domain) [General
function prediction only].
Length = 306
Score = 43.4 bits (101), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 16/57 (28%), Positives = 31/57 (54%)
Query: 36 KQLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+Q + E LF+ +LP + ++ DL +F FG V ++ D++ +S+ F + F
Sbjct: 108 RQKSKEENNTLFVGNLPYDVTEEDLRELFKKFGPVKRVRLVRDRETGKSRGFAFVEF 164
>gnl|CDD|241062 cd12618, RRM2_TIA1, RNA recognition motif 2 in nucleolysin TIA-1
isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of p40-TIA-1, the
40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular
antigen-1 (TIA-1), and a cytotoxic granule-associated
RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of
cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a
serine/threonine kinase that is activated during
Fas-mediated apoptosis, and function as the granule
component responsible for inducing apoptosis in
cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of
three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a
glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a
lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs
containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2
can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich
RNAs. .
Length = 80
Score = 40.8 bits (95), Expect = 8e-06
Identities = 17/52 (32%), Positives = 29/52 (55%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKF 96
++F+ L PE + D+ + F PFG + A+V D +SK +G + F K+
Sbjct: 3 HVFVGDLSPEITTDDIKAAFAPFGRISDARVVKDMATGKSKGYGFVSFFNKW 54
>gnl|CDD|240828 cd12382, RRM_RBMX_like, RNA recognition motif in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein G (hnRNP G), Y chromosome RNA
recognition motif 1 (hRBMY), testis-specific
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G-T (hnRNP G-T)
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM domain of hnRNP G, also termed glycoprotein p43
or RBMX, an RNA-binding motif protein located on the X
chromosome. It is expressed ubiquitously and has been
implicated in the splicing control of several
pre-mRNAs. Moreover, hnRNP G may function as a
regulator of transcription for SREBP-1c and GnRH1.
Research has shown that hnRNP G may also act as a
tumor-suppressor since it upregulates the Txnip gene
and promotes the fidelity of DNA end-joining activity.
In addition, hnRNP G appears to play a critical role in
proper neural development of zebrafish and frog
embryos. The family also includes several paralogs of
hnRNP G, such as hRBMY and hnRNP G-T (also termed
RNA-binding motif protein, X-linked-like-2). Both,
hRBMY and hnRNP G-T, are exclusively expressed in
testis and critical for male fertility. Like hnRNP G,
hRBMY and hnRNP G-T interact with factors implicated in
the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, such as
hTra2-beta1 and T-STAR. Although members in this family
share a high conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motif
(RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), they appear to recognize
different RNA targets. For instance, hRBMY interacts
specifically with a stem-loop structure in which the
loop is formed by the sequence CA/UCAA. In contrast,
hnRNP G associates with single stranded RNA sequences
containing a CCA/C motif. In addition to the RRM, hnRNP
G contains a nascent transcripts targeting domain (NTD)
in the middle region and a novel auxiliary RNA-binding
domain (RBD) in its C-terminal region. The C-terminal
RBD exhibits distinct RNA binding specificity, and
would play a critical role in the regulation of
alternative splicing by hnRNP G. .
Length = 80
Score = 40.7 bits (96), Expect = 9e-06
Identities = 14/52 (26%), Positives = 24/52 (46%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMR 94
G LF+ L ++ +L ++F FG V + D + S+ FG + F
Sbjct: 1 GNKLFVSGLSTRTTEKELEALFSKFGRVEEVLLMKDPETGESRGFGFVTFES 52
>gnl|CDD|222631 pfam14259, RRM_6, RNA recognition motif (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP
domain).
Length = 69
Score = 40.2 bits (95), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 13/42 (30%), Positives = 22/42 (52%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCF 87
L++ +LPP ++ DL F P+G V ++ +K R F
Sbjct: 1 LYVRNLPPSVTEEDLREFFSPYGKVEGVRLVRNKDRPRGFAF 42
>gnl|CDD|241063 cd12619, RRM2_PUB1, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast nuclear and
cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS
consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly
uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein.
PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous
nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic
mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound
to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs
within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the
nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA
(mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major
cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to
polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for
cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single
stranded DNA (ssDNA). However, there is no strong
evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA
replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine
and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2
and RRM3. .
Length = 75
Score = 40.6 bits (95), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 28/48 (58%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
N+F+ L PE +DA L + F F + A+V D ++ RS+ +G + F
Sbjct: 1 NIFVGDLSPEVTDATLFAAFSAFPSCSDARVMWDMKSGRSRGYGFVSF 48
>gnl|CDD|240915 cd12471, RRM1_MSSP2, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-2. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MSSP-2, also termed
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
2 (RBMS2), or suppressor of CDC2 with RNA-binding motif
3 (SCR3), a double- and single-stranded DNA binding
protein that belongs to the c-myc single-strand binding
proteins (MSSP) family. It specifically recognizes the
sequence T(C/A)TT, and stimulates DNA replication in
the system using SV40 DNA. MSSP-2 is identical with
Scr3, a human protein which complements the defect of
cdc2 kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. MSSP-2 has
been implied in regulating DNA replication,
transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle
movement, via the interaction with C-MYC, the product
of protooncogene c-myc. MSSP-2 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
both of which are responsible for the specific DNA
binding activity as well as induction of apoptosis. .
Length = 75
Score = 40.1 bits (93), Expect = 1e-05
Identities = 18/49 (36%), Positives = 28/49 (57%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
NL+I L P +D DL + P+G ++S K +DK N+ K +G + F
Sbjct: 2 TNLYIRGLHPGTTDQDLVKLCQPYGKIVSTKAILDKTTNKCKGYGFVDF 50
>gnl|CDD|240861 cd12415, RRM3_RBM28_like, RNA recognition motif 3 in RNA-binding
protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM28 and Nop4p.
RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the
spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs),
possibly coordinating their transition through the
nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4,
U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a
role in the maturation of both small nuclear and
ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic
region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes
nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by
YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an
essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and
maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S
ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs. .
Length = 82
Score = 39.5 bits (93), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 16/50 (32%), Positives = 26/50 (52%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
+FI +LP + ++ +L +F FG V A++ DK SK + F K
Sbjct: 3 VFIRNLPFDATEEELKELFSQFGEVKYARIVKDKLTGHSKGTAFVKFKTK 52
>gnl|CDD|240771 cd12325, RRM1_hnRNPA_hnRNPD_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP A and
hnRNP D subfamilies and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in the hnRNP A
subfamily which includes hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP
A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low
abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in
mRNA stability in mammalian cells. hnRNP A1 is an
abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that
may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA
splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP
A2 response element (A2RE). hnRNP A3 is also a RNA
trafficking response element-binding protein that
participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA.
The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
followed by a long glycine-rich region at the
C-terminus. The hnRNP D subfamily includes hnRNP D0,
hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0 is a
UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be
involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation.
hnRNP A/B is an RNA unwinding protein with a high
affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B
has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein
that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA
transcripts around the editing site and thus, plays an
important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP
D-like) is a dual functional protein that possesses
DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated
in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and
post-transcriptional levels. All members in this
subfamily contain two putative RRMs and a glycine- and
tyrosine-rich C-terminus. The family also contains
DAZAP1 (Deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1),
RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog Musashi-1,
Musashi-2 and similar proteins. They all harbor two
RRMs. .
Length = 72
Score = 39.1 bits (92), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 14/48 (29%), Positives = 22/48 (45%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
LFI L + ++ L F +G V+ + D RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 1 LFIGGLSWDTTEESLREYFSKYGEVVDCVIMKDPITGRSRGFGFVTFA 48
>gnl|CDD|240854 cd12408, RRM_eIF3G_like, RNA recognition motif in eukaryotic
translation initiation factor 3 subunit G (eIF-3G) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM of eIF-3G and similar proteins. eIF-3G, also termed
eIF-3 subunit 4, or eIF-3-delta, or eIF3-p42, or
eIF3-p44, is the RNA-binding subunit of eIF3, a large
multisubunit complex that plays a central role in the
initiation of translation by binding to the 40 S
ribosomal subunit and promoting the binding of
methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA. eIF-3G binds 18 S rRNA and
beta-globin mRNA, and therefore appears to be a
nonspecific RNA-binding protein. eIF-3G is one of the
cytosolic targets and interacts with mature
apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). eIF-3G contains one
RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). This
family also includes yeast eIF3-p33, a homolog of
vertebrate eIF-3G, plays an important role in the
initiation phase of protein synthesis in yeast. It
binds both, mRNA and rRNA, fragments due to an RRM near
its C-terminus. .
Length = 77
Score = 39.1 bits (92), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 13/47 (27%), Positives = 26/47 (55%), Gaps = 4/47 (8%)
Query: 51 LPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFI--DKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
L + + DL +F PFG + ++V++ DK+ +S+ F + F +
Sbjct: 7 LSEDADEDDLRELFRPFGPI--SRVYLAKDKETGQSRGFAFVTFHTR 51
>gnl|CDD|240821 cd12375, RRM1_Hu_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in the Hu proteins
family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hu
proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a
group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse
biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high
homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal
vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes
referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is
exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for
the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in
flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include
Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C
(HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or
ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also
expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or
HuA) is ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has
a variety of biological functions mostly related to the
regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other
types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic
and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately
regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the
cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich
RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions
(UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43,
vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose
transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize
those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate
the translation of some target mRNAs, such as
neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu
proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and
alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3
may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein
complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be
involved in protein-protein interactions. This family
also includes the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from
Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual
differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in
flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing
of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra
uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the
non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the
sex-determination process. SXL binds to its own
pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative
splicing. It contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain
that may be responsible for the protein-protein
interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference
to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA
transcripts. .
Length = 77
Score = 39.3 bits (92), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 13/44 (29%), Positives = 24/44 (54%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
NL + +LP + + +L S+F G + S K+ D+ +S +G
Sbjct: 2 NLIVNYLPQDMTQEELRSLFEAIGPIESCKIVRDRITGQSLGYG 45
>gnl|CDD|241122 cd12678, RRM_SLTM, RNA recognition motif in Scaffold attachment
factor (SAF)-like transcription modulator (SLTM) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM
domain of SLTM, also termed modulator of
estrogen-induced transcription, which shares high
sequence similarity with scaffold attachment factor B1
(SAFB1). It contains a scaffold attachment factor-box
(SAF-box, also known as SAP domain) DNA-binding motif,
an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and
a region rich in glutamine and arginine residues. To a
large extent, SLTM co-localizes with SAFB1 in the
nucleus, which suggests that they share similar
functions, such as the inhibition of an oestrogen
reporter gene. However, rather than mediating a
specific inhibitory effect on oestrogen action, SLTM is
shown to exert a generalized inhibitory effect on gene
expression associated with induction of apoptosis in a
wide range of cell lines. .
Length = 74
Score = 39.3 bits (91), Expect = 3e-05
Identities = 18/46 (39%), Positives = 29/46 (63%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
NL++ L ADL ++FG +G VLSAKV + ++ +KC+G +
Sbjct: 1 NLWVSGLSSNTKAADLKNLFGKYGKVLSAKVVTNARSPGAKCYGIV 46
>gnl|CDD|241057 cd12613, RRM2_NGR1_NAM8_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast
negative growth regulatory protein NGR1, yeast protein
NAM8 and similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds
to the RRM2 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed
RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative
glucose-repressible protein that binds both, RNA and
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), in yeast. It may function
in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly
through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1
contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may
be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition,
NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl
terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region.
The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a
putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor
of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when
overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential
component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like
NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs. .
Length = 80
Score = 38.7 bits (90), Expect = 5e-05
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 27/48 (56%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMF-GPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L PE +++DL S+F F + SAK+ D S+ +G + F
Sbjct: 4 IFVGDLSPEVNESDLVSLFQSRFPSCKSAKIMTDPVTGVSRGYGFVRF 51
>gnl|CDD|240791 cd12345, RRM2_SECp43_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in tRNA
selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM2 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1
(SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1
(RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins.
SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated
specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA
[tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the
mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is
located primarily in the nucleus and contains two
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast
proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity
with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible
protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA
(ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in
early log phase, possibly through its participation in
RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which
are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be
involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1
has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which
also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a
putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor
of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when
overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential
component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8
also contains three RRMs. .
Length = 80
Score = 38.4 bits (90), Expect = 6e-05
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 25/48 (52%), Gaps = 1/48 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMF-GPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L P+ +D L F + +V AKV +D RSK +G + F
Sbjct: 4 IFVGDLAPDVTDYMLQETFRARYPSVRGAKVVMDPVTGRSKGYGFVRF 51
>gnl|CDD|241217 cd12773, RRM2_HuR, RNA recognition motif 2 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen R (HuR). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1),
the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a
variety of biological functions mostly related to the
regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other
types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function
during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs
and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic
proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha.
HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting
apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore,
HuR may be important in muscle differentiation,
adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and
modulation of gene expression in response to chronic
ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other
Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE).
RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the
RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A)
tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 84
Score = 38.5 bits (89), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 16/52 (30%), Positives = 29/52 (55%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
ANL+I LP + D+ MF FG +++++V +D+ S+ I F ++
Sbjct: 1 ANLYISGLPRTMTQKDVEDMFSRFGRIINSRVLVDQATGLSRGVAFIRFDKR 52
>gnl|CDD|240996 cd12552, RRM_Nop15p, RNA recognition motif in yeast ribosome
biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p) and similar proteins.
This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of Nop15p, also
termed nucleolar protein 15, which is encoded by YNL110C
from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and localizes to the
nucleoplasm and nucleolus. Nop15p has been identified as
a component of a pre-60S particle. It interacts with RNA
components of the early pre-60S particles. Furthermore,
Nop15p binds directly to a pre-rRNA transcript in vitro
and is required for pre-rRNA processing. It functions as
a ribosome synthesis factor required for the 5' to 3'
exonuclease digestion that generates the 5' end of the
major, short form of the 5.8S rRNA as well as for
processing of 27SB to 7S pre-rRNA. Nop15p also play a
specific role in cell cycle progression. Nop15p contains
an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 77
Score = 38.2 bits (89), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 22/65 (33%), Positives = 34/65 (52%), Gaps = 1/65 (1%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIRFDT 105
++I HLP F + +L F FGTV + +V K+ SK +G I F+ + I +
Sbjct: 2 IYIGHLPHGFLEKELKKYFSQFGTVKNVRVARSKKTGNSKHYGFIQFLNP-EVAAIAAKS 60
Query: 106 ANDYL 110
N+YL
Sbjct: 61 MNNYL 65
>gnl|CDD|241061 cd12617, RRM2_TIAR, RNA recognition motif 2 in nucleolysin TIAR
and similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related
protein, a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding
protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa
isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1
(p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of
hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is
translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in
response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR
possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic
lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA
fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may
function as an effector responsible for inducing
apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal, highly
homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary
domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It
interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of
uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific
binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. .
Length = 80
Score = 38.5 bits (89), Expect = 7e-05
Identities = 18/52 (34%), Positives = 28/52 (53%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKF 96
++F+ L PE + D+ S F PFG + A+V D +SK +G + F K
Sbjct: 3 HVFVGDLSPEITTEDIKSAFAPFGKISDARVVKDMATGKSKGYGFVSFYNKL 54
>gnl|CDD|240775 cd12329, RRM2_hnRNPD_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP D0, hnRNP
A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP
DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0, a UUAG-specific
nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in
pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is
an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G-
followed by U-rich regions. It has also been identified
as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with
apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the
editing site and thus plays an important role in apoB
mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual
functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding
properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis
at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
All memembers in this family contain two putative RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus. .
Length = 75
Score = 38.1 bits (89), Expect = 8e-05
Identities = 14/47 (29%), Positives = 27/47 (57%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L PE ++ + FG FG ++ ++ +DK+ N+ + F I F
Sbjct: 2 IFVGGLSPETTEEKIREYFGKFGNIVEIELPMDKKTNKRRGFCFITF 48
>gnl|CDD|240807 cd12361, RRM1_2_CELF1-6_like, RNA recognition motif 1 and 2 in
CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins and
plant flowering time control protein FCA. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of
the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) as well as
plant flowering time control protein FCA. CELF, also
termed BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, is a family of
structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in
regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus, and
control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the
cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1
(also known as BRUNOL-2, CUG-BP1, NAPOR, EDEN-BP),
CELF-2 (also known as BRUNOL-3, ETR-3, CUG-BP2,
NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also known as BRUNOL-1, TNRC4, ETR-1,
CAGH4, ER DA4), CELF-4 (BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (BRUNOL-5)
and CELF-6 (BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly
conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated
in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region
and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker
region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the
co-factors that associate with the various CELF family
members. Based on both, sequence similarity and
function, the CELF family can be divided into two
subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and
the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The
different CELF proteins may act through different sites
on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins
may interact with each other in varying combinations to
influence alternative splicing in different contexts.
This subfamily also includes plant flowering time
control protein FCA that functions in the
posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved
in the flowering process. FCA contains two RRMs, and a
WW protein interaction domain. .
Length = 77
Score = 37.9 bits (89), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 12/44 (27%), Positives = 22/44 (50%), Gaps = 2/44 (4%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSK--CF 87
LF+ LP ++ D+ ++F +G + + DK +SK F
Sbjct: 2 LFVGQLPKTATEEDVRALFEEYGNIEEVTIIRDKDTGQSKGCAF 45
>gnl|CDD|241120 cd12676, RRM3_Nop4p, RNA recognition motif 3 in yeast nucleolar
protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM3 of Nop4p (also known as
Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein
involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA
and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has
four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs
(RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains). .
Length = 107
Score = 38.4 bits (89), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 18/50 (36%), Positives = 26/50 (52%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +LP + ++ LA F FG+V A IDK R+K G + F
Sbjct: 1 DFTLFVRNLPYDATEESLAPHFSKFGSVRYALPVIDKSTGRAKGTGFVCF 50
>gnl|CDD|240835 cd12389, RRM2_RAVER, RNA recognition motif 2 in ribonucleoprotein
PTB-binding raver-1, raver-2 and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-1 and
raver-2. Raver-1 is a ubiquitously expressed
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that
serves as a co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing
repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein
(PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. It shuttles
between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can accumulate
in the perinucleolar compartment, a dynamic nuclear
substructure that harbors PTB. Raver-1 also modulates
focal adhesion assembly by binding to the cytoskeletal
proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and
metavinculin (an alternatively spliced isoform of
vinculin) at adhesion complexes, particularly in
differentiated muscle tissue. Raver-2 is a novel member
of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)
family. It shows high sequence homology to raver-1.
Raver-2 exerts a spatio-temporal expression pattern
during embryogenesis and is mainly limited to
differentiated neurons and glia cells. Although it
displays nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in heterokaryons,
raver2 localizes to the nucleus in glia cells and
neurons. Raver-2 can interact with PTB and may
participate in PTB-mediated RNA-processing. However,
there is no evidence indicating that raver-2 can bind to
cytoplasmic proteins. Both, raver-1 and raver-2, contain
three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also
termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), two putative nuclear
localization signals (NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a
central leucine-rich region, and a C-terminal region
harboring two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. They binds to RNA
through the RRMs. In addition, the two [SG][IL]LGxxP
motifs serve as the PTB-binding motifs in raver1.
However, raver-2 interacts with PTB through the SLLGEPP
motif only. .
Length = 77
Score = 37.6 bits (88), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 15/57 (26%), Positives = 25/57 (43%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIR 102
L + +LP EF+D + PFG V + + SK +G + + K L +
Sbjct: 2 LCVGNLPLEFTDEQFRELVSPFGAVERCFLVYSESTGESKGYGFVEYASKASALKAK 58
>gnl|CDD|241010 cd12566, RRM2_MRD1, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast multiple
RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene
MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is
well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all
eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the
nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA
(pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is
essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2
cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5
conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), which may play an important structural role
in organizing specific rRNA processing events. .
Length = 79
Score = 37.4 bits (87), Expect = 1e-04
Identities = 18/51 (35%), Positives = 28/51 (54%)
Query: 42 EGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
E LF+ +LP + DL +F FG + V IDK++ +SK F ++F
Sbjct: 1 ETGRLFVRNLPYSCKEDDLEKLFSKFGELSEVHVAIDKKSGKSKGFAYVLF 51
>gnl|CDD|240773 cd12327, RRM2_DAZAP1, RNA recognition motif 2 in Deleted in
azoospermia-associated protein 1 (DAZAP1) and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of
DAZAP1 or DAZ-associated protein 1, also termed
proline-rich RNA binding protein (Prrp), a
multi-functional ubiquitous RNA-binding protein
expressed most abundantly in the testis and essential
for normal cell growth, development, and
spermatogenesis. DAZAP1 is a shuttling protein whose
acetylated is predominantly nuclear and the
nonacetylated form is in cytoplasm. DAZAP1 also
functions as a translational regulator that activates
translation in an mRNA-specific manner. DAZAP1 was
initially identified as a binding partner of Deleted in
Azoospermia (DAZ). It also interacts with numerous
hnRNPs, including hnRNP U, hnRNP U like-1, hnRNPA1,
hnRNPA/B, and hnRNP D, suggesting DAZAP1 might
associate and cooperate with hnRNP particles to
regulate adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich
element or ARE)-containing mRNAs. DAZAP1 contains two
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. .
Length = 80
Score = 37.3 bits (87), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 18/47 (38%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ LPP ++ DL F FGTV V D + R + FG I F
Sbjct: 5 IFVGGLPPNVTETDLRKYFSQFGTVTEVVVMYDHEKKRPRGFGFITF 51
>gnl|CDD|240893 cd12447, RRM1_gar2, RNA recognition motif 1 in yeast protein gar2
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM1 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar
protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit
accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture
with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated
N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic
regions separated from each other by basic sequences,
and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The
central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is
rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues. .
Length = 76
Score = 37.0 bits (86), Expect = 2e-04
Identities = 18/48 (37%), Positives = 27/48 (56%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +L D L + F FGTV+ A+V D++ RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 1 TLFVGNLSWSVDDEWLKAEFEKFGTVVGARVITDRETGRSRGFGYVDF 48
>gnl|CDD|241118 cd12674, RRM1_Nop4p, RNA recognition motif 1 in yeast nucleolar
protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM1 of Nop4p (also known as
Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein
involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA
and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has
four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs
(RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains). .
Length = 79
Score = 36.7 bits (85), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 20/47 (42%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +L + DL F + A V D + S+ +G + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVRNLAFSVTQEDLTDFFSDVAPIKHAVVVTDPETGESRGYGFVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|241093 cd12649, RRM1_SXL, RNA recognition motif 1 in Drosophila
sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM1 of SXL which governs sexual
differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in
Drosophila melanogaster. It induces female-specific
alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA
by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract
at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the
sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own
pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative
splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich
domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein
interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference
to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA
transcripts. .
Length = 81
Score = 37.0 bits (86), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 25/48 (52%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
NL I +LP +D + S+F G V + K+ DK+ S FG + +
Sbjct: 2 NLIINYLPQTLTDEEFRSLFLAVGPVKNCKIVRDKRTGYSYGFGFVDY 49
>gnl|CDD|240822 cd12376, RRM2_Hu_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in the Hu proteins
family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu
proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a
group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse
biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high
homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal
vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes
referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is
exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for
the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in
flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include
Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C
(HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or
ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also
expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or
HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It
has a variety of biological functions mostly related to
the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and
other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their
cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by
coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In
the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to
AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated
regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43,
vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose
transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize
those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate
the translation of some target mRNAs, such as
neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu
proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and
alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3
may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein
complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be
involved in protein-protein interactions. Also included
in this subfamily is the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from
Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual
differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in
flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing
of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra
uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the
non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the
sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own
pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative
splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich
domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein
interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference
to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA
transcripts. .
Length = 79
Score = 36.8 bits (85), Expect = 3e-04
Identities = 13/52 (25%), Positives = 29/52 (55%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
ANL++ LP + +L +F +G ++++++ D+ S+ G I F ++
Sbjct: 1 ANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILRDQLTGVSRGVGFIRFDKR 52
>gnl|CDD|240829 cd12383, RRM_RBM42, RNA recognition motif in RNA-binding protein
42 (RBM42) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of RBM42 which has been
identified as a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein
K (hnRNP K)-binding protein. It also directly binds the
3' untranslated region of p21 mRNA that is one of the
target mRNAs for hnRNP K. Both, hnRNP K and RBM42, are
components of stress granules (SGs). Under nonstress
conditions, RBM42 predominantly localizes within the
nucleus and co-localizes with hnRNP K. Under stress
conditions, hnRNP K and RBM42 form cytoplasmic foci
where the SG marker TIAR localizes, and may play a role
in the maintenance of cellular ATP level by protecting
their target mRNAs. RBM42 contains an RNA recognition
motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or
RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 83
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 25/48 (52%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
+F+ L E +D LA F + + AKV DK+ +SK +G + F
Sbjct: 9 IFVGDLGNEVTDEVLARAFSKYPSFQKAKVVRDKRTGKSKGYGFVSFS 56
>gnl|CDD|233496 TIGR01622, SF-CC1, splicing factor, CC1-like family. This model
represents a subfamily of RNA splicing factors including
the Pad-1 protein (N. crassa), CAPER (M. musculus) and
CC1.3 (H.sapiens). These proteins are characterized by
an N-terminal arginine-rich, low complexity domain
followed by three (or in the case of 4 H. sapiens
paralogs, two) RNA recognition domains (rrm: pfam00706).
These splicing factors are closely related to the U2AF
splicing factor family (TIGR01642). A homologous gene
from Plasmodium falciparum was identified in the course
of the analysis of that genome at TIGR and was included
in the seed.
Length = 457
Score = 38.3 bits (89), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 18/64 (28%), Positives = 32/64 (50%)
Query: 29 AAVGSSGKQLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
AA ++ + P L++ +L ++ +L +F PFG + ++ D + RSK FG
Sbjct: 172 AAKAATHQPGDIPNFLKLYVGNLHFNITEQELRQIFEPFGDIEDVQLHRDPETGRSKGFG 231
Query: 89 TIIF 92
I F
Sbjct: 232 FIQF 235
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 20/47 (42%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L + + DL F G V + D+ + RSK + F
Sbjct: 92 VFVLQLALKARERDLYEFFSKVGKVRDVQCIKDRNSRRSKGVAYVEF 138
>gnl|CDD|240825 cd12379, RRM2_I_PABPs, RNA recognition motif 2 found in type I
polyadenylate-binding proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM2 of type I poly(A)-binding
proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind
to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most
eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the
regulation of poly(A) tail length during the
polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation
and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents
type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs),
including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or
PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or
PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or
APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5
(PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein
1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding
protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32),
polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or
PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein,
cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar
proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed
multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end
formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease
activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA
decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is
thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found
in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in
nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP
particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a
less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich
C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a
testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically
expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in
mammalian and may play an important role in the
testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3
shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1.
However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than
PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence
in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage
of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3
lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an
inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is
primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows
significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The
RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to
be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within
the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal
brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian,
such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role
in germ cell development. Unlike other PABPs, PABP-5
contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker
region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are
the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of
PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The
family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved
poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that
can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP
and its homologs may play important roles in the
initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like
vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a
linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The
first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific
binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 77
Score = 36.4 bits (85), Expect = 4e-04
Identities = 17/45 (37%), Positives = 23/45 (51%), Gaps = 1/45 (2%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
N+FI +L + L F FG +LS KV D+ N SK +G
Sbjct: 3 GNIFIKNLDKSIDNKALYDTFSAFGNILSCKVATDE-NGGSKGYG 46
>gnl|CDD|240781 cd12335, RRM2_SF3B4, RNA recognition motif 2 in splicing factor
3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SF3B4, also termed
pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or
spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 is a
component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor
3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear
ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP.
SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns
from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the
recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the
major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether
U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during
spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly
conserved protein with orthologs across diverse
species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts
directly and highly specifically with another SF3B
subunit called SAP 145. .
Length = 83
Score = 36.1 bits (84), Expect = 5e-04
Identities = 20/51 (39%), Positives = 25/51 (49%), Gaps = 1/51 (1%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSA-KVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
GANLFI +L PE + L F FG +L K+ D SK F I +
Sbjct: 1 GANLFIGNLDPEVDEKLLYDTFSAFGVILQTPKIMRDPDTGNSKGFAFISY 51
>gnl|CDD|240830 cd12384, RRM_RBM24_RBM38_like, RNA recognition motif in
eukaryotic RNA-binding protein RBM24, RBM38 and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of
RBM24 and RBM38 from vertebrate, SUPpressor family
member SUP-12 from Caenorhabditis elegans and similar
proteins. Both, RBM24 and RBM38, are preferentially
expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues. They
regulate myogenic differentiation by controlling the
cell cycle in a p21-dependent or -independent manner.
RBM24, also termed RNA-binding region-containing
protein 6, interacts with the 3'-untranslated region
(UTR) of myogenin mRNA and regulates its stability in
C2C12 cells. RBM38, also termed CLL-associated antigen
KW-5, or HSRNASEB, or RNA-binding region-containing
protein 1(RNPC1), or ssDNA-binding protein SEB4, is a
direct target of the p53 family. It is required for
maintaining the stability of the basal and
stress-induced p21 mRNA by binding to their 3'-UTRs. It
also binds the AU-/U-rich elements in p63 3'-UTR and
regulates p63 mRNA stability and activity. SUP-12 is a
novel tissue-specific splicing factor that controls
muscle-specific splicing of the ADF/cofilin pre-mRNA in
C. elegans. All family members contain a conserved RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 76
Score = 36.1 bits (84), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 16/50 (32%), Positives = 25/50 (50%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
+F+ LP +D L F FG + A V D+Q +S+ +G + F K
Sbjct: 3 IFVGGLPYHTTDDSLRKYFSQFGEIEEAVVITDRQTGKSRGYGFVTFKDK 52
>gnl|CDD|240809 cd12363, RRM_TRA2, RNA recognition motif in transformer-2 protein
homolog TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two mammalian
homologs of Drosophila transformer-2 (Tra2),
TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta (also termed SFRS10), and similar
proteins found in eukaryotes. TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that specifically
binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exonic
splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is necessary for
enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It strongly stimulates
GnRH intron A excision in a dose-dependent manner. In
addition, TRA2-alpha can interact with either 9G8 or
SRp30c, which may also be crucial for ESE-dependent
GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. TRA2-beta is a
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that controls the
pre-mRNA alternative splicing of the
calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the
survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) protein and the tau
protein. Both, TRA2-alpha and TRA2-beta, contains a
well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain), flanked by the N- and C-terminal
arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions. .
Length = 78
Score = 35.7 bits (83), Expect = 6e-04
Identities = 11/37 (29%), Positives = 21/37 (56%)
Query: 56 SDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
++ DL +F +G + +V D++ RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 12 TERDLREVFSRYGPIEKVQVVYDQKTGRSRGFGFVYF 48
>gnl|CDD|240730 cd12284, RRM2_RBM23_RBM39, RNA recognition motif 2 in vertebrate
RNA-binding protein RBM23, RBM39 and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM39 (also
termed HCC1), a nuclear autoantigen that contains an
N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is
repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Although
the cellular function of RBM23 remains unclear, it
shows high sequence homology to RBM39 and contains two
RRMs. It may possibly function as a pre-mRNA splicing
factor. .
Length = 73
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 26/47 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
L++ +L ++ DL +F PFG + ++ D + RSK +G I F
Sbjct: 1 LYVGNLHFNITEDDLRGIFEPFGEIEFVQLQRDPETGRSKGYGFIQF 47
>gnl|CDD|241023 cd12579, RRM2_hnRNPA0, RNA recognition motif 2 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 (hnRNP A0) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
hnRNP A0, a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been
implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has
been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may
be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced
post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and
macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A0
contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the
C-terminus. .
Length = 80
Score = 35.7 bits (82), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ L + + DL F FG V A+V DKQ + + FG + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVGGLKGDVGEGDLTEHFSQFGPVEKAEVIADKQTGKKRGFGFVYF 48
>gnl|CDD|240833 cd12387, RRM3_hnRNPM_like, RNA recognition motif 3 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM3 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M
(hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2
or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA
binding protein that may play an important role in the
pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to
poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able
to interact with early spliceosomes, further
influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs.
hnRNP M functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic
antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence
PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another
splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2
receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate
alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic
manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual
hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and
arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a
sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding
protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from
the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein
(MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP
gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M.
It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible
for its ssDNA binding activity. .
Length = 72
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 19/47 (40%), Positives = 27/47 (57%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ +LP + DL +F G VL A V D + RSK FGT++F
Sbjct: 1 IFVRNLPFSVTWQDLKDLFRECGNVLRADVKTD-NDGRSKGFGTVLF 46
>gnl|CDD|240859 cd12413, RRM1_RBM28_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding
protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM28 and Nop4p.
RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the
spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs),
possibly coordinating their transition through the
nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4,
U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a
role in the maturation of both small nuclear and
ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic
region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes
nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by
YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an
essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and
maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S
ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs. .
Length = 79
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 14/47 (29%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +LP + +D L F G + V DK + + + FG + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVRNLPYDTTDEQLEEFFSEVGPIKRCFVVKDKGSKKCRGFGYVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|240774 cd12328, RRM2_hnRNPA_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0,
hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins.
hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been
implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has
been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may
be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced
post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and
macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is
an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that
may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA
splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP
A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin
basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic
basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII),
microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid
precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1.
hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that participates in the
trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A
subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long
glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. .
Length = 73
Score = 35.3 bits (82), Expect = 8e-04
Identities = 13/47 (27%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ L + ++ DL F +G V S ++ DK+ + + F + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVGGLKEDVTEEDLREYFSQYGNVESVEIVTDKETGKKRGFAFVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|240675 cd12229, RRM_G3BP, RNA recognition motif (RRM) in ras
GTPase-activating protein-binding protein G3BP1, G3BP2
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM domain in the G3BP family of RNA-binding and
SH3 domain-binding proteins. G3BP acts at the level of
RNA metabolism in response to cell signaling, possibly
as RNA transcript stabilizing factors or an RNase.
Members include G3BP1, G3BP2 and similar proteins.
These proteins associate directly with the SH3 domain
of GTPase-activating protein (GAP), which functions as
an inhibitor of Ras. They all contain an N-terminal
nuclear transfer factor 2 (NTF2)-like domain, an acidic
domain, a domain containing PXXP motif(s), an RNA
recognition motif (RRM), and an Arg-Gly-rich region
(RGG-rich region, or arginine methylation motif).
Length = 81
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 26/52 (50%)
Query: 41 PEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
P+ LF+ +LP + ++ +L F FG VL ++ R FG ++F
Sbjct: 1 PDSHQLFVGNLPHDITEDELKEFFKEFGNVLEVRINSKGGGGRLPNFGFVVF 52
>gnl|CDD|240688 cd12242, RRM_SLIRP, RNA recognition motif found in SRA
stem-loop-interacting RNA-binding protein (SLIRP) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM of SLIRP, a widely expressed small steroid receptor
RNA activator (SRA) binding protein, which binds to
STR7, a functional substructure of SRA. SLIRP is
localized predominantly to the mitochondria and plays a
key role in modulating several nuclear receptor (NR)
pathways. It functions as a co-repressor to repress
SRA-mediated nuclear receptor coactivation. It
modulates SHARP- and SKIP-mediated co-regulation of NR
activity. SLIRP contains an RNA recognition motif
(RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), which is required for
SLIRP's corepression activities. .
Length = 73
Score = 34.6 bits (80), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +LP +L F FG V S V DK+ SK +G + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVGNLPWTVGSKELKEYFSQFGKVKSCNVPFDKETGLSKGYGFVSF 48
>gnl|CDD|241011 cd12567, RRM3_RBM19, RNA recognition motif 3 in RNA-binding
protein 19 (RBM19) and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM19, also termed
RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), which is a nucleolar
protein conserved in eukaryotes. It is involved in
ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA. In addition, it
is essential for preimplantation development. RBM19 has
a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). .
Length = 79
Score = 35.1 bits (81), Expect = 0.001
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 25/52 (48%)
Query: 42 EGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
E LFI +L ++ DL +F +G + + IDK + K F + +M
Sbjct: 1 ESGRLFIRNLAYTCTEEDLEKLFSKYGPLSEVHLPIDKLTKKPKGFAFVTYM 52
>gnl|CDD|241022 cd12578, RRM1_hnRNPA_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in hnRNP A0,
hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins.
hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been
implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has
been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may
be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced
post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and
macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is
an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that
may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA
splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP
A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin
basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic
basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII),
microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid
precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1.
hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that participates in the
trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A
subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long
glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. .
Length = 78
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 22/51 (43%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKF 96
LFI L E +D L + F +G + V D RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 2 LFIGGLSYETTDDSLKNYFSQWGEITDCVVMKDPNTKRSRGFGFVTFASAS 52
>gnl|CDD|240743 cd12297, RRM2_Prp24, RNA recognition motif 2 in fungal
pre-messenger RNA splicing protein 24 (Prp24) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM2 of Prp24, also termed U4/U6
snRNA-associated-splicing factor PRP24 (U4/U6 snRNP),
an RNA-binding protein with four well conserved RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
It facilitates U6 RNA base-pairing with U4 RNA during
spliceosome assembly. Prp24 specifically binds free U6
RNA primarily with RRMs 1 and 2 and facilitates pairing
of U6 RNA bases with U4 RNA bases. Additionally, it may
also be involved in dissociation of the U4/U6 complex
during spliceosome activation. .
Length = 78
Score = 34.5 bits (80), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 9/29 (31%), Positives = 18/29 (62%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLS 72
+ L++ + PP F +D+ +F +G +LS
Sbjct: 1 STLWVTNFPPSFDQSDIRDLFEQYGEILS 29
>gnl|CDD|241021 cd12577, RRM1_Hrp1p, RNA recognition motif 1 in yeast nuclear
polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 4 (Hrp1p or Nab4p)
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM1 of Hrp1p and similar proteins. Hrp1p or Nab4p,
also termed cleavage factor IB (CFIB), is a
sequence-specific trans-acting factor that is essential
for mRNA 3'-end formation in yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. It can be UV cross-linked to RNA and
specifically recognizes the (UA)6 RNA element required
for both, the cleavage and poly(A) addition, steps.
Moreover, Hrp1p can shuttle between the nucleus and the
cytoplasm, and play an additional role in the export of
mRNAs to the cytoplasm. Hrp1p also interacts with
Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF1A. In addition,
Hrp1p functions as a factor directly involved in
modulating the activity of the nonsense-mediated mRNA
decay (NMD) pathway. It binds specifically to a
downstream sequence element (DSE)-containing RNA and
interacts with Upf1p, a component of the surveillance
complex, further triggering the NMD pathway. Hrp1p
contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an
arginine-glycine-rich region harboring repeats of the
sequence RGGF/Y. .
Length = 76
Score = 34.5 bits (79), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 18/47 (38%), Positives = 22/47 (46%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+FI L E +D L FG FG V V D RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 1 MFIGGLNWETTDDSLREYFGQFGEVTDCTVMRDSATGRSRGFGFLTF 47
>gnl|CDD|241218 cd12774, RRM2_HuD, RNA recognition motif 2 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen D (HuD). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4),
or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of
the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu
proteins play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been
implicated in various aspects of neuronal function,
such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal
precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature
neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator
of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with
AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple
transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear
processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma
cells and also regulates the neurite elongation and
morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds
poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3
may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein
complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 81
Score = 34.3 bits (78), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 13/52 (25%), Positives = 30/52 (57%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
ANL++ LP + +L +F +G ++++++ +D+ S+ G I F ++
Sbjct: 3 ANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGVSRGVGFIRFDKR 54
>gnl|CDD|240824 cd12378, RRM1_I_PABPs, RNA recognition motif 1 in type I
polyadenylate-binding proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM1 of type I poly(A)-binding
proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind
to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most
eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the
regulation of poly(A) tail length during the
polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation
and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents
type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs),
including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or
PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or
PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or
APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5
(PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein
1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding
protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32),
polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or
PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein,
cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar
proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed
multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end
formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA
stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease
activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA
decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is
thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found
in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in
nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP
particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a
less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich
C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a
testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically
expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in
mammalian and may play an important role in the
testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3
shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1.
However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than
PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence
in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage
of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3
lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an
inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is
primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows
significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The
RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to
be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within
the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal
brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammals, such
as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in
germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs,
PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the
linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like
2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the
ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain
unclear. The family also includes yeast PABP, a
conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A)
tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The
yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in
the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like
vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a
linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The
first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific
binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 80
Score = 34.0 bits (79), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 15/39 (38%), Positives = 22/39 (56%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRS 84
L++ L P+ ++A L +F P G VLS +V D RS
Sbjct: 2 LYVGDLHPDVTEAMLYEIFSPAGPVLSIRVCRDLITRRS 40
>gnl|CDD|241219 cd12775, RRM2_HuB, RNA recognition motif 2 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen B (HuB). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2),
or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous
system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1),
one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The
neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also
expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal
differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like
other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE).
RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the
RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A)
tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 90
Score = 34.0 bits (77), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 13/52 (25%), Positives = 30/52 (57%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
ANL++ LP + +L +F +G ++++++ +D+ S+ G I F ++
Sbjct: 6 ANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGVSRGVGFIRFDKR 57
>gnl|CDD|241220 cd12776, RRM2_HuC, RNA recognition motif 2 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen C (HuC). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3),
or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated
antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen
21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu
family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles
in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory.
Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich
RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC
can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to
maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and
might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in
protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 81
Score = 33.8 bits (77), Expect = 0.004
Identities = 13/52 (25%), Positives = 30/52 (57%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
ANL++ LP S ++ +F +G ++++++ +D+ S+ G I F ++
Sbjct: 2 ANLYVSGLPKTMSQKEMEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGISRGVGFIRFDKR 53
>gnl|CDD|178680 PLN03134, PLN03134, glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4;
Provisional.
Length = 144
Score = 34.6 bits (79), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 20/47 (42%), Positives = 26/47 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LFI L DA L F FG V+ AKV +D++ RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 37 LFIGGLSWGTDDASLRDAFAHFGDVVDAKVIVDRETGRSRGFGFVNF 83
>gnl|CDD|241094 cd12650, RRM1_Hu, RNA recognition motif 1 in the Hu proteins
family. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the
Hu proteins family which represents a group of
RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological
processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology
with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision
(ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to
as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively
expressed in neurons and is required for the correct
differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The
neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B
(HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3
or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play
important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity
and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen
R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed
Hu family member. It has a variety of biological
functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular
response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR
has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress
response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression
of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1,
p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic
function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is
unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in
muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of
inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression
in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid
starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and
nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating
functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu
proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements
(AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain
target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial
growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1,
eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing
mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of
some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and
p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators
of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu
protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to
maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and
might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in
protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 78
Score = 33.2 bits (76), Expect = 0.005
Identities = 13/50 (26%), Positives = 26/50 (52%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMR 94
NL + +LP + ++ S+F G + S K+ DK +S +G + ++
Sbjct: 3 NLIVNYLPQNMTQDEIRSLFSSIGEIESCKLIRDKVTGQSLGYGFVNYVD 52
>gnl|CDD|240918 cd12474, RRM2_MSSP2, RNA recognition motif 2 found in vertebrate
single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-2. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MSSP-2, also termed
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
2 (RBMS2), or suppressor of CDC2 with RNA-binding motif
3 (SCR3). MSSP-2 is a double- and single-stranded DNA
binding protein that belongs to the c-myc single-strand
binding proteins (MSSP) family. It specifically
recognizes the sequence T(C/A)TT, and stimulates DNA
replication in the system using SV40 DNA. MSSP-2 is
identical with Scr3, a human protein which complements
the defect of cdc2 kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
MSSP-2 has been implied in regulating DNA replication,
transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle
movement, via the interaction with C-MYC, the product
of protooncogene c-myc. MSSP-2 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
both of which are responsible for the specific DNA
binding activity as well as induction of apoptosis. .
Length = 86
Score = 33.5 bits (76), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 14/34 (41%), Positives = 21/34 (61%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFID 78
NL+I +LP + +L SM PFG V+S ++ D
Sbjct: 2 NLYISNLPLSMDEQELESMLKPFGQVISTRILRD 35
>gnl|CDD|240672 cd12226, RRM_NOL8, RNA recognition motif in nucleolar protein 8
(NOL8) and similar proteins. This model corresponds to
the RRM of NOL8 (also termed Nop132) encoded by a novel
NOL8 gene that is up-regulated in the majority of
diffuse-type, but not intestinal-type, gastric cancers.
Thus, NOL8 may be a good molecular target for treatment
of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Also, NOL8 is a
phosphorylated protein that contains an N-terminal RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), suggesting
NOL8 is likely to function as a novel RNA-binding
protein. It may be involved in regulation of gene
expression at the post-transcriptional level or in
ribosome biogenesis in cancer cells.
Length = 78
Score = 33.3 bits (77), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 19/75 (25%), Positives = 29/75 (38%), Gaps = 13/75 (17%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIRFDT 105
LF+ L P +++DL F FGTV ++ K + F I +R
Sbjct: 2 LFVGGLSPSVTESDLEERFSRFGTVSDVEIIKKKDAGPDRGFAYI---------DLRTSE 52
Query: 106 ANDYLGQSFLKPSFN 120
A L + K + N
Sbjct: 53 AQ--LKK--CKSTLN 63
>gnl|CDD|241124 cd12680, RRM_THOC4, RNA recognition motif in THO complex subunit
4 (THOC4) and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM of THOC4, also termed
transcriptional coactivator Aly/REF, or ally of AML-1
and LEF-1, or bZIP-enhancing factor BEF, an mRNA
transporter protein with a well conserved RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It is
involved in RNA transportation from the nucleus. THOC4
was initially identified as a transcription coactivator
of LEF-1 and AML-1 for the TCRalpha enhancer function.
In addition, THOC4 specifically binds to rhesus (RH)
promoter in erythroid. It might be a novel
transcription cofactor for erythroid-specific genes. .
Length = 75
Score = 33.0 bits (76), Expect = 0.007
Identities = 15/52 (28%), Positives = 25/52 (48%), Gaps = 1/52 (1%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
L + +L SD D+ +F FG + A V D+ + RS ++F R+
Sbjct: 1 TKLLVSNLDFGVSDDDIKELFAEFGALKKAAVHYDR-SGRSLGTADVVFERR 51
>gnl|CDD|240778 cd12332, RRM1_p54nrb_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in the
p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM1 of the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family, including 54
kDa nuclear RNA- and DNA-binding protein (p54nrb or
NonO or NMT55), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein
(PTB)-associated-splicing factor (PSF or POMp100),
paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1 or PSPC1), which are
ubiquitously expressed and are conserved in
vertebrates. p54nrb is a multi-functional protein
involved in numerous nuclear processes including
transcriptional regulation, splicing, DNA unwinding,
nuclear retention of hyperedited double-stranded RNA,
viral RNA processing, control of cell proliferation,
and circadian rhythm maintenance. PSF is also a
multi-functional protein that binds RNA,
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA
(dsDNA) and many factors, and mediates diverse
activities in the cell. PSP1 is a novel nucleolar
factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic
compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely
distributes in the nucleoplasm. The cellular function
of PSP1 remains unknown currently. This subfamily also
includes some p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 homologs from
invertebrate species, such as the Drosophila
melanogaster gene no-ontransient A (nonA) encoding
puff-specific protein Bj6 (also termed NONA) and
Chironomus tentans hrp65 gene encoding protein Hrp65.
D. melanogaster NONA is involved in eye development and
behavior, and may play a role in circadian rhythm
maintenance, similar to vertebrate p54nrb. C. tentans
Hrp65 is a component of nuclear fibers associated with
ribonucleoprotein particles in transit from the gene to
the nuclear pore. All family members contain a DBHS
domain (for Drosophila behavior, human splicing), which
comprises two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a charged
protein-protein interaction module. PSF has an
additional large N-terminal domain that differentiates
it from other family members. .
Length = 71
Score = 32.6 bits (75), Expect = 0.008
Identities = 14/45 (31%), Positives = 27/45 (60%), Gaps = 6/45 (13%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
LF+ +LP + ++ + +F +G V ++VF++K+ K FG I
Sbjct: 4 LFVGNLPNDITEEEFKELFSKYGEV--SEVFLNKE----KGFGFI 42
>gnl|CDD|240684 cd12238, RRM1_RBM40_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding
protein 40 (RBM40) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM40, also known
as RNA-binding region-containing protein 3 (RNPC3) or
U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 65 kDa protein
(U11/U12-65K protein), It serves as a bridging factor
between the U11 and U12 snRNPs. It contains two repeats
of RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain),
connected by a linker that includes a proline-rich
region. It binds to the U11-associated 59K protein via
its RRM1 and employs the RRM2 to bind hairpin III of
the U12 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). The proline-rich
region might be involved in protein-protein
interactions. .
Length = 73
Score = 32.6 bits (75), Expect = 0.009
Identities = 14/44 (31%), Positives = 21/44 (47%), Gaps = 1/44 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGT 89
L + HLPPE S+ D + FG S +V + ++ F T
Sbjct: 2 LLVRHLPPELSEDDKEDLLKHFGAS-SVRVMSRRGKLKNTAFAT 44
>gnl|CDD|241075 cd12631, RRM1_CELF1_2_Bruno, RNA recognition motif 1 in CUGBP
Elav-like family member CELF-1, CELF-2, Drosophila
melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of CELF-1, CELF-2 and
Bruno protein. CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or
CUG-BP1, or EDEN-BP) and CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3,
or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR) belong to the CUGBP1
and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like)
family of RNA-binding proteins that have been
implicated in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, and
control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-1
is strongly expressed in all adult and fetal tissues
tested. The human CELF-1 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic
RNA-binding protein that regulates multiple aspects of
nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNA processing, with
implications for onset of type 1 myotonic dystrophy
(DM1), a neuromuscular disease associated with an
unstable CUG triplet expansion in the 3'-UTR
(3'-untranslated region) of the DMPK (myotonic
dystrophy protein kinase) gene; it preferentially
targets UGU-rich mRNA elements. It has been shown to
bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element
involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in
Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the
Drosophila protein that mediates this process. The
Xenopus homolog embryo deadenylation element-binding
protein (EDEN-BP) mediates sequence-specific
deadenylation of Eg5 mRNA. It binds specifically to the
EDEN motif in the 3'-untranslated regions of maternal
mRNAs and targets these mRNAs for deadenylation and
translational repression. CELF-1 contain three highly
conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated
in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region
and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein. The two N-terminal RRMs of EDEN-BP are
necessary for the interaction with EDEN as well as a
part of the linker region (between RRM2 and RRM3).
Oligomerization of EDEN-BP is required for specific
mRNA deadenylation and binding. CELF-2 is expressed in
all tissues at some level, but highest in brain, heart,
and thymus. It has been implicated in the regulation of
nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA processing events,
including alternative splicing, RNA editing, stability
and translation. CELF-2 shares high sequence identity
with CELF-1, but shows different binding specificity;
it binds preferentially to sequences with UG repeats
and UGUU motifs. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno
response element, a cis-element involved in
translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and
share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila
protein that mediates this process. It also binds to
the 3'-UTR of cyclooxygenase-2 messages, affecting both
translation and mRNA stability, and binds to apoB mRNA,
regulating its C to U editing. CELF-2 also contains
three highly conserved RRMs. It binds to RNA via the
first two RRMs, which are also important for
localization in the cytoplasm. The splicing activation
or repression activity of CELF-2 on some specific
substrates is mediated by RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and
RRM2 of CELF-2, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT)
exon 5 inclusion. In addition, CELF-2 possesses a
typical arginine and lysine-rich nuclear localization
signal (NLS) in the C-terminus, within RRM3. This
subgroup also includes Drosophila melanogaster Bruno
protein, which plays a central role in regulation of
Oskar (Osk) expression in flies. It mediates repression
by binding to regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs)
in the Osk mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein
contains three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half
of the protein and the third near the C-terminus,
separated by a linker region. .
Length = 84
Score = 32.5 bits (74), Expect = 0.011
Identities = 18/54 (33%), Positives = 27/54 (50%), Gaps = 5/54 (9%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNR--SK--CFGTIIFMRK 95
+F+ +P +S+ DL +F +G V V D+ N SK CF T + RK
Sbjct: 4 MFVGQIPRSWSEKDLRELFEQYGAVYQINVLRDRSQNPPQSKGCCFVT-FYTRK 56
>gnl|CDD|240758 cd12312, RRM_SRSF10_SRSF12, RNA recognition motif in
serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SRSF10, SRSF12 and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM of SRSF10 and SRSF12. SRSF10, also termed 40 kDa
SR-repressor protein (SRrp40), or FUS-interacting
serine-arginine-rich protein 1 (FUSIP1), or splicing
factor SRp38, or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich
13A (SFRS13A), or TLS-associated protein with Ser-Arg
repeats (TASR). It is a serine-arginine (SR) protein
that acts as a potent and general splicing repressor
when dephosphorylated. It mediates global inhibition of
splicing both in M phase of the cell cycle and in
response to heat shock. SRSF10 emerges as a modulator
of cholesterol homeostasis through the regulation of
low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) splicing
efficiency. It also regulates cardiac-specific
alternative splicing of triadin pre-mRNA and is
required for proper Ca2+ handling during embryonic
heart development. In contrast, the phosphorylated
SRSF10 functions as a sequence-specific splicing
activator in the presence of a nuclear cofactor. It
activates distal alternative 5' splice site of
adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Moreover, SRSF10
strengthens pre-mRNA recognition by U1 and U2 snRNPs.
SRSF10 localizes to the nuclear speckles and can
shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF12, also
termed 35 kDa SR repressor protein (SRrp35), or
splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13B (SFRS13B), or
splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 19 (SFRS19), is a
serine/arginine (SR) protein-like alternative splicing
regulator that antagonizes authentic SR proteins in the
modulation of alternative 5' splice site choice. For
instance, it activates distal alternative 5' splice
site of the adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Both,
SRSF10 and SRSF12, contain a single N-terminal RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by
a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine
dipeptides. .
Length = 84
Score = 32.3 bits (74), Expect = 0.012
Identities = 10/47 (21%), Positives = 22/47 (46%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
L++ ++ DL +FG +G ++ + +D R + F + F
Sbjct: 3 LYVRNVADATRPDDLRRLFGKYGPIVDVYIPLDFYTRRPRGFAYVQF 49
>gnl|CDD|241215 cd12771, RRM1_HuB, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen B (HuB). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2),
or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous
system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1),
one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The
neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also
expressed in gonads and is up-regulated during neuronal
differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like
other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may
cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE).
RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the
RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A)
tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 83
Score = 32.4 bits (73), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 15/49 (30%), Positives = 27/49 (55%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
NL + +LP + +L S+FG G + S K+ DK +S +G + ++
Sbjct: 6 NLIVNYLPQNMTQEELKSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYI 54
>gnl|CDD|240753 cd12307, RRM_NIFK_like, RNA recognition motif in nucleolar protein
interacting with the FHA domain of pKI-67 (NIFK) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM
of NIFK and Nop15p. NIFK, also termed MKI67 FHA
domain-interacting nucleolar phosphoprotein, or
nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp34, is a putative
RNA-binding protein interacting with the forkhead
associated (FHA) domain of pKi-67 antigen in a
mitosis-specific and phosphorylation-dependent manner.
It is nucleolar in interphase but associates with
condensed mitotic chromosomes. This family also includes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae YNL110C gene encoding ribosome
biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p), also termed nucleolar
protein 15. Both, NIFK and Nop15p, contain an RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 74
Score = 32.2 bits (74), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 20/65 (30%), Positives = 33/65 (50%), Gaps = 1/65 (1%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIRFDT 105
++I HLP F + +L F FGTV ++ K+ +SK + + F + I +T
Sbjct: 2 VYIGHLPHGFYEPELRKYFSQFGTVTRLRLSRSKKTGKSKGYAFVEFESP-EVAKIVAET 60
Query: 106 ANDYL 110
N+YL
Sbjct: 61 MNNYL 65
>gnl|CDD|240800 cd12354, RRM3_TIA1_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in
granule-associated RNA binding proteins (p40-TIA-1 and
TIAR), and yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated
RNA-binding protein PUB1. This subfamily corresponds
to the RRM3 of TIA-1, TIAR, and PUB1. Nucleolysin TIA-1
isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin
TIA-1-related protein (TIAR) are granule-associated RNA
binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in
cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. They share
high sequence similarity and are expressed in a wide
variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a
serine/threonine kinase that is activated during
Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the
nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It
is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in
response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both TIA-1
and TIAR bind specifically to poly(A) but not to
poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three
N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich
C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a
lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with
RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their
RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich
RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be
responsible for interacting with other proteins. In
addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine
protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the
junction between their RNA binding domains and their
C-terminal auxiliary domains. This subfamily also
includes a yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated
RNA-binding protein PUB1, termed ARS consensus-binding
protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or
poly(U)-binding protein, which has been identified as
both a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein
(hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP).
It may be stably bound to a translationally inactive
subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. PUB1 is
distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and
binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it
is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by
UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is
nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds
to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there
is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism
of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RRMs, and a GAR
motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is
located between RRM2 and RRM3. .
Length = 73
Score = 32.2 bits (74), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 11/36 (30%), Positives = 20/36 (55%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDK 79
+++ +LP ++ +L F PFG + +VF DK
Sbjct: 1 TTVYVGNLPHGLTEEELQRTFSPFGAIEEVRVFKDK 36
>gnl|CDD|241095 cd12651, RRM2_SXL, RNA recognition motif 2 in Drosophila
sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM2 of the sex-lethal protein (SXL)
which governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome
dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. It
induces female-specific alternative splicing of the
transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra
uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the
non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the
sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own
pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative
splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich
domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein
interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference
to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA
transcripts. .
Length = 79
Score = 32.2 bits (73), Expect = 0.013
Identities = 9/52 (17%), Positives = 26/52 (50%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
NL++ +LP + ++ +L +F +G ++ + DK + + + ++
Sbjct: 1 TNLYVTNLPRQLTEDELRKIFEAYGNIVQCNLLRDKSTGLPRGVAFVRYDKR 52
>gnl|CDD|240917 cd12473, RRM2_MSSP1, RNA recognition motif 2 found in vertebrate
single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MSSP-1, also termed
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
1 (RBMS1), or suppressor of CDC2 with RNA-binding motif
2 (SCR2). MSSP-1 is a double- and single-stranded DNA
binding protein that belongs to the c-myc single-strand
binding proteins (MSSP) family. It specifically
recognizes the sequence CT(A/T)(A/T)T, and stimulates
DNA replication in the system using SV40 DNA. MSSP-1 is
identical with Scr2, a human protein which complements
the defect of cdc2 kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
MSSP-1 has been implied in regulating DNA replication,
transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle
movement, via the interaction with c-MYC, the product
of protooncogene c-myc. MSSP-1 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
both of which are responsible for the specific DNA
binding activity as well as induction of apoptosis. .
Length = 85
Score = 32.4 bits (73), Expect = 0.014
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 21/34 (61%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFID 78
NL+I +LP + +L +M PFG V+S ++ D
Sbjct: 2 NLYISNLPLSMDEQELENMLKPFGQVISTRILRD 35
>gnl|CDD|240669 cd12223, RRM_SR140, RNA recognition motif (RRM) in U2-associated
protein SR140 and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM of SR140 (also termed U2
snRNP-associated SURP motif-containing protein
orU2SURP, or 140 kDa Ser/Arg-rich domain protein) which
is a putative splicing factor mainly found in higher
eukaryotes. Although it is initially identified as one
of the 17S U2 snRNP-associated proteins, the molecular
and physiological function of SR140 remains unclear.
SR140 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif
(RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), a SWAP/SURP domain that is
found in a number of pre-mRNA splicing factors in the
middle region, and a C-terminal arginine/serine-rich
domain (RS domain).
Length = 84
Score = 32.2 bits (74), Expect = 0.014
Identities = 11/32 (34%), Positives = 19/32 (59%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
NL++ +L P+ ++ L FG FG + S K+
Sbjct: 2 TNLYVGNLNPKVTEEVLCQEFGRFGPLASVKI 33
>gnl|CDD|241019 cd12575, RRM1_hnRNPD_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP D0, hnRNP
A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM1 in hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP
DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0 is a UUAG-specific
nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in
pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is
an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G-
followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also been
identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts
with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around
the editing site and thus plays an important role in
apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual
functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding
properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis
at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
All members in this family contain two putative RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus. .
Length = 74
Score = 32.2 bits (73), Expect = 0.014
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L + + DL F FG V+ + ID RS+ FG ++F
Sbjct: 1 MFVGGLSWDTTKKDLKEYFSKFGEVVDCTIKIDPVTGRSRGFGFVLF 47
>gnl|CDD|241201 cd12757, RRM1_hnRNPAB, RNA recognition motif 1 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (hnRNP A/B) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of
hnRNP A/B, also termed APOBEC1-binding protein 1
(ABBP-1), which is an RNA unwinding protein with a high
affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B
has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein
that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA
transcripts around the editing site and thus plays an
important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP A/B contains
two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs
(RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), followed by a long C-terminal glycine-rich
domain that contains a potential ATP/GTP binding loop.
.
Length = 75
Score = 31.5 bits (71), Expect = 0.023
Identities = 16/47 (34%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L + S DL F FG V + +D RS+ FG I+F
Sbjct: 2 MFVGGLSWDTSKKDLKDYFTKFGEVTDCTIKMDPNTGRSRGFGFILF 48
>gnl|CDD|240919 cd12475, RRM2_RBMS3, RNA recognition motif 2 found in vertebrate
RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein
3 (RBMS3). This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
RBMS3, a new member of the c-myc gene single-strand
binding proteins (MSSP) family of DNA regulators.
Unlike other MSSP proteins, RBMS3 is not a
transcriptional regulator. It binds with high affinity
to A/U-rich stretches of RNA, and to A/T-rich DNA
sequences, and functions as a regulator of cytoplasmic
activity. RBMS3 contain two N-terminal RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and its C-terminal
region is acidic and enriched in prolines, glutamines
and threonines. .
Length = 88
Score = 32.0 bits (72), Expect = 0.024
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 21/34 (61%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFID 78
NL+I +LP + +L +M PFG V+S ++ D
Sbjct: 3 NLYISNLPVSMDEQELENMLKPFGHVISTRILRD 36
>gnl|CDD|240812 cd12366, RRM1_RBM45, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding
protein 45 (RBM45) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM45, also termed
developmentally-regulated RNA-binding protein 1 (DRB1),
a new member of RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type neural
RNA-binding proteins, which expresses under
spatiotemporal control. It is encoded by gene drb1 that
is expressed in neurons, not in glial cells. RBM45
predominantly localizes in cytoplasm of cultured cells
and specifically binds to poly(C) RNA. It could play an
important role during neurogenesis. RBM45 carries four
RRMs, also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). .
Length = 81
Score = 31.5 bits (72), Expect = 0.025
Identities = 12/27 (44%), Positives = 13/27 (48%)
Query: 59 DLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSK 85
DL F PFG + V DKQ SK
Sbjct: 18 DLREAFAPFGEIQDIWVVKDKQTKESK 44
>gnl|CDD|240769 cd12323, RRM2_MSI, RNA recognition motif 2 in RNA-binding protein
Musashi homologs Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2.in
Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1), a neural RNA-binding
protein putatively expressed in central nervous system
(CNS) stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and
associated with asymmetric divisions in neural
progenitor cells. It is evolutionarily conserved from
invertebrates to vertebrates. Musashi-1 is a homolog of
Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous
system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1). It has been
implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state,
differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally
regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by
binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb,
encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch
signaling, and further influences neural development.
Moreover, Musashi-1 represses translation by
interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and
competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation
factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) has
been identified as a regulator of the hematopoietic
stem cell (HSC) compartment and of leukemic stem cells
after transplantation of cells with loss and gain of
function of the gene. It influences proliferation and
differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and
further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes
aggressive myeloid leukemia. Both, Musashi-1 and
Musashi-2, contain two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
along with other domains of unknown function. .
Length = 74
Score = 31.3 bits (71), Expect = 0.025
Identities = 16/47 (34%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L ++ D+ F FG V A + DKQ NR + FG + F
Sbjct: 2 IFVGGLSANTTEDDVKKYFSQFGKVEDAMLMFDKQTNRHRGFGFVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|240813 cd12367, RRM2_RBM45, RNA recognition motif 2 in RNA-binding
protein 45 (RBM45) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM45, also termed
developmentally-regulated RNA-binding protein 1 (DRB1),
a new member of RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type neural
RNA-binding proteins, which expresses under
spatiotemporal control. It is encoded by gene drb1 that
is expressed in neurons, not in glial cells. RBM45
predominantly localizes in cytoplasm of cultured cells
and specifically binds to poly(C) RNA. It could play an
important role during neurogenesis. RBM45 carries four
RRMs, also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). .
Length = 74
Score = 31.2 bits (71), Expect = 0.034
Identities = 15/49 (30%), Positives = 24/49 (48%), Gaps = 1/49 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMR 94
LF+ +P +++ DL F FG + + DK SK FG + F +
Sbjct: 4 LFVV-IPKSYTEEDLREKFKEFGDIEYVSIVKDKNTGESKGFGYVKFHK 51
>gnl|CDD|240895 cd12449, RRM_CIRBP_RBM3, RNA recognition motif in cold inducible
RNA binding protein (CIRBP), RNA binding motif protein
3 (RBM3) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM domain of two structurally
related heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, CIRBP
(also termed CIRP or A18 hnRNP) and RBM3 (also termed
RNPL), both of which belong to a highly conserved cold
shock proteins family. The cold shock proteins can be
induced after exposure to a moderate cold-shock and
other cellular stresses such as UV radiation and
hypoxia. CIRBP and RBM3 may function in
posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by
binding to different transcripts, thus allowing the
cell to response rapidly to environmental signals.
However, the kinetics and degree of cold induction are
different between CIRBP and RBM3. Tissue distribution
of their expression is different. CIRBP and RBM3 may be
differentially regulated under physiological and stress
conditions and may play distinct roles in cold
responses of cells. CIRBP, also termed glycine-rich
RNA-binding protein CIRP, is localized in the nucleus
and mediates the cold-induced suppression of cell cycle
progression. CIRBP also binds DNA and possibly serves
as a chaperone that assists in the folding/unfolding,
assembly/disassembly and transport of various proteins.
RBM3 may enhance global protein synthesis and the
formation of active polysomes while reducing the levels
of ribonucleoprotein complexes containing microRNAs.
RBM3 may also serve to prevent the loss of muscle mass
by its ability to decrease cell death. Furthermore,
RBM3 may be essential for cell proliferation and
mitosis. Both, CIRBP and RBM3, contain an N-terminal
RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), that
is involved in RNA binding, and C-terminal glycine-rich
domain (RGG motif) that probably enhances RNA-binding
via protein-protein and/or protein-RNA interactions.
Like CIRBP, RBM3 can also bind to both RNA and DNA via
its RRM domain. .
Length = 80
Score = 31.4 bits (71), Expect = 0.035
Identities = 14/49 (28%), Positives = 24/49 (48%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LFI L + ++ L +F +G + V D++ RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 1 GKLFIGGLSFDTNEQSLEQVFSKYGQISEVVVVKDRETQRSRGFGFVTF 49
>gnl|CDD|240817 cd12371, RRM2_PUF60, RNA recognition motif 2 in
(U)-binding-splicing factor PUF60 and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of PUF60, also
termed FUSE-binding protein-interacting repressor
(FBP-interacting repressor or FIR), or Ro-binding
protein 1 (RoBP1), or Siah-binding protein 1
(Siah-BP1). PUF60 is an essential splicing factor that
functions as a poly-U RNA-binding protein required to
reconstitute splicing in depleted nuclear extracts. Its
function is enhanced through interaction with U2
auxiliary factor U2AF65. PUF60 also controls human
c-myc gene expression by binding and inhibiting the
transcription factor far upstream sequence element
(FUSE)-binding-protein (FBP), an activator of c-myc
promoters. PUF60 contains two central RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal
U2AF (U2 auxiliary factor) homology motifs (UHM) that
harbors another RRM and binds to tryptophan-containing
linear peptide motifs (UHM ligand motifs, ULMs) in
several nuclear proteins. Research indicates that PUF60
binds FUSE as a dimer, and only the first two RRM
domains participate in the single-stranded DNA
recognition. .
Length = 77
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.036
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 26/47 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+++ + P+ S+ D+ S+F FG + S + D + + K +G I +
Sbjct: 3 IYVASVHPDLSEDDIKSVFEAFGKIKSCSLAPDPETGKHKGYGFIEY 49
>gnl|CDD|240858 cd12412, RRM_DAZL_BOULE, RNA recognition motif in AZoospermia
(DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two
Deleted in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL
(DAZ-like) and BOULE. BOULE is the founder member of
the family and DAZL arose from BOULE in an ancestor of
vertebrates. The DAZ gene subsequently originated from
a duplication transposition of the DAZL gene.
Invertebrates contain a single DAZ homolog, BOULE,
while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates,
possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine
primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. The family
members encode closely related RNA-binding proteins
that are required for fertility in numerous organisms.
These proteins contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM),
also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), and a varying number of
copies of a DAZ motif, believed to mediate
protein-protein interactions. DAZL and BOULE contain a
single copy of the DAZ motif, while DAZ proteins can
contain 8-24 copies of this repeat. Although their
specific biochemical functions remain to be
investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with
poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as
translational activators of specific mRNAs during
gametogenesis. .
Length = 80
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.036
Identities = 14/46 (30%), Positives = 25/46 (54%), Gaps = 1/46 (2%)
Query: 47 FIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
F+ +PP+ ++ +L F FG+V K+ D+ SK +G + F
Sbjct: 6 FVGGIPPDTTEEELRDFFSRFGSVKDVKIITDRA-GVSKGYGFVTF 50
>gnl|CDD|241207 cd12763, RRM1_hnRNPA3, RNA recognition motif 1 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (hnRNP A3) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of
hnRNP A3 which is a novel RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP
A2 response element (A2RE) independently of hnRNP A2
and participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing
RNA. hnRNP A3 can shuttle between the nucleus and the
cytoplasm. It contains two RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long
glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. .
Length = 81
Score = 31.2 bits (70), Expect = 0.037
Identities = 17/47 (36%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LFI L E +D L F +GT+ V D Q RS+ FG + +
Sbjct: 5 LFIGGLSFETTDDSLREHFEKWGTLTDCVVMRDPQTKRSRGFGFVTY 51
>gnl|CDD|241123 cd12679, RRM_SAFB1_SAFB2, RNA recognition motif in scaffold
attachment factor B1 (SAFB1), scaffold attachment
factor B2 (SAFB2), and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to RRM of SAFB1, also termed scaffold
attachment factor B (SAF-B), heat-shock protein 27
estrogen response element ERE and TATA-box-binding
protein (HET), or heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein hnRNP A1- associated protein (HAP), a
large multi-domain protein with well-described
functions in transcriptional repression, RNA splicing
and metabolism, and a proposed role in chromatin
organization. Based on the numerous functions, SAFB1
has been implicated in many diverse cellular processes
including cell growth and transformation, stress
response, and apoptosis. SAFB1 specifically binds to
AT-rich scaffold or matrix attachment region DNA
elements (S/MAR DNA) by using its N-terminal scaffold
attachment factor-box (SAF-box, also known as SAP
domain), a homeodomain-like DNA binding motif. The
central region of SAFB1 is composed of an RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a
nuclear localization signal (NLS). The C-terminus of
SAFB1 contains Glu/Arg- and Gly-rich regions that might
be involved in protein-protein interaction. Additional
studies indicate that the C-terminal region contains a
potent and transferable transcriptional repression
domain. Another family member is SAFB2, a homolog of
SAFB1. Both SAFB1 and SAFB2 are ubiquitously
coexpressed and share very high sequence similarity,
suggesting that they might function in a similar
manner. However, unlike SAFB1, exclusively existing in
the nucleus, SAFB2 is also present in the cytoplasm.
The additional cytoplasmic localization of SAFB2
implies that it could play additional roles in the
cytoplasmic compartment which are distinct from the
nuclear functions shared with SAFB1.
Length = 76
Score = 31.2 bits (70), Expect = 0.037
Identities = 14/48 (29%), Positives = 27/48 (56%)
Query: 43 GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
G NL++ L DL ++F +G V+ AKV + ++ ++C+G +
Sbjct: 1 GRNLWVSGLSSTTRATDLKNLFSKYGKVVGAKVVTNARSPGARCYGFV 48
>gnl|CDD|241213 cd12769, RRM1_HuR, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen R (HuR). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1),
a ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a
variety of biological functions mostly related to the
regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other
types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function
during early cell stress response; it binds to mRNAs
and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic
proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha.
Meanwhile, HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by
promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable.
Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle
differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of
inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression
in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid
starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich
RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the
stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also
bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein
interactions. .
Length = 81
Score = 31.2 bits (70), Expect = 0.038
Identities = 16/49 (32%), Positives = 26/49 (53%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
NL + +LP + +L S+F G V SAK+ DK S +G + ++
Sbjct: 3 NLIVNYLPQNMTQDELRSLFSSIGEVESAKLIRDKVAGHSLGYGFVNYV 51
>gnl|CDD|240872 cd12426, RRM4_PTBPH3, RNA recognition motif 4 in plant
polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 3
(PTBPH3). This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of
PTBPH3. Although its biological roles remain unclear,
PTBPH3 shows significant sequence similarity to
polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) that is an
important negative regulator of alternative splicing in
mammalian cells and also functions at several other
aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA
localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and
translation. Like PTB, PTBPH3 contains four RNA
recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 79
Score = 30.9 bits (70), Expect = 0.038
Identities = 7/31 (22%), Positives = 18/31 (58%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVF 76
+ + +LP + ++ D+ + G +++ KVF
Sbjct: 10 IHVSNLPSDVTEEDVINHLAEHGVIVNVKVF 40
>gnl|CDD|240789 cd12343, RRM1_2_CoAA_like, RNA recognition motif 1 and 2 in
RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA)
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM in CoAA (also known as RBM14 or PSP2) and
RNA-binding protein 4 (RBM4). CoAA is a heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein
identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It
mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing
effects in a promoter-preferential manner, and is
enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein
(TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a
TRBP-interacting domain. RBM4 is a ubiquitously
expressed splicing factor with two isoforms, RBM4A
(also known as Lark homolog) and RBM4B (also known as
RBM30), which are very similar in structure and
sequence. RBM4 may also function as a translational
regulator of stress-associated mRNAs as well as play a
role in micro-RNA-mediated gene regulation. RBM4
contains two N-terminal RRMs, a CCHC-type zinc finger,
and three alanine-rich regions within their C-terminal
regions. This family also includes Drosophila
RNA-binding protein lark (Dlark), a homolog of human
RBM4. It plays an important role in embryonic
development and in the circadian regulation of adult
eclosion. Dlark shares high sequence similarity with
RBM4 at the N-terminal region. However, Dlark has three
proline-rich segments instead of three alanine-rich
segments within the C-terminal region. .
Length = 66
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 0.062
Identities = 10/30 (33%), Positives = 17/30 (56%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
LF+ +LP + +L ++F +GTV V
Sbjct: 2 LFVGNLPDATTSEELRALFEKYGTVTECDV 31
>gnl|CDD|241009 cd12565, RRM1_MRD1, RNA recognition motif 1 in yeast multiple
RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene
MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is
well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all
eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the
nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA
(pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1
is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2
cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5
conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), which may play an important structural role
in organizing specific rRNA processing events. .
Length = 76
Score = 30.3 bits (69), Expect = 0.062
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 23/47 (48%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+ + +LP ++ L F G V KV + ++ +S+ FG + F
Sbjct: 3 IIVKNLPKYVTEDRLREHFESKGEVTDVKV-MRTRDGKSRRFGFVGF 48
>gnl|CDD|240767 cd12321, RRM1_TDP43, RNA recognition motif 1 in TAR DNA-binding
protein 43 (TDP-43) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of TDP-43 (also
termed TARDBP), a ubiquitously expressed pathogenic
protein whose normal function and abnormal aggregation
are directly linked to the genetic disease cystic
fibrosis, and two neurodegenerative disorders:
frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). TDP-43 binds both
DNA and RNA, and has been implicated in transcriptional
repression, pre-mRNA splicing and translational
regulation. TDP-43 is a dimeric protein with two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
and a C-terminal glycine-rich domain. The RRMs are
responsible for DNA and RNA binding; they bind to TAR
DNA and RNA sequences with UG-repeats. The glycine-rich
domain can interact with the hnRNP family proteins to
form the hnRNP-rich complex involved in splicing
inhibition. It is also essential for the cystic
fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)
exon 9-skipping activity. .
Length = 77
Score = 30.4 bits (69), Expect = 0.064
Identities = 16/48 (33%), Positives = 26/48 (54%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+L + LP + ++ DL F FG +L +V D + +SK FG + F
Sbjct: 1 DLIVLGLPWKTTEQDLKDYFSTFGELLMVQVKKDPKTGQSKGFGFVRF 48
>gnl|CDD|240777 cd12331, RRM_NRD1_SEB1_like, RNA recognition motif in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Nrd1,
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rpb7-binding protein seb1 and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM of Nrd1 and Seb1. Nrd1 is a novel heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like RNA-binding
protein encoded by gene NRD1 (for nuclear pre-mRNA
down-regulation) from yeast S. cerevisiae. It is
implicated in 3' end formation of small nucleolar and
small nuclear RNAs transcribed by polymerase II, and
plays a critical role in pre-mRNA metabolism. Nrd1
contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain), a short arginine-, serine-, and glutamate-rich
segment similar to the regions rich in RE and RS
dipeptides (RE/RS domains) in many metazoan splicing
factors, and a proline- and glutamine-rich C-terminal
domain (P+Q domain) similar to domains found in several
yeast hnRNPs. Disruption of NRD1 gene is lethal to
yeast cells. Its N-terminal domain is sufficient for
viability, which may facilitate interactions with RNA
polymerase II where Nrd1 may function as an auxiliary
factor. By contrast, the RRM, RE/RS domains, and P+Q
domain are dispensable. Seb1 is an RNA-binding protein
encoded by gene seb1 (for seven binding) from fission
yeast S. pombe. It is essential for cell viability and
bound directly to Rpb7 subunit of RNA polymerase II.
Seb1 is involved in processing of polymerase II
transcripts. It also contains one RRM motif and a
region rich in arginine-serine dipeptides (RS domain).
Length = 79
Score = 30.2 bits (68), Expect = 0.069
Identities = 11/28 (39%), Positives = 13/28 (46%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLS 72
LF + + DL S FG FG V S
Sbjct: 5 TLFPGGVTFNMIEYDLRSGFGRFGEVQS 32
>gnl|CDD|233866 TIGR02435, CobG, precorrin-3B synthase. An iron-sulfur protein. An
oxygen atom from dioxygen is incorporated into the
macrocycle at C-20. In the aerobic cobalamin biosythesis
pathway, four enzymes are involved in the conversion of
precorrin-3A to precorrin-6A. The first of the four
steps is carried out by EC 1.14.13.83, precorrin-3B
synthase (CobG), yielding precorrin-3B as the product.
This is followed by three methylation reactions, which
introduce a methyl group at C-17 (CobJ; EC 2.1.1.131),
C-11 (CobM; EC 2.1.1.133) and C-1 (CobF; EC 2.1.1.152)
of the macrocycle, giving rise to precorrin-4,
precorrin-5 and precorrin-6A, respectively [Biosynthesis
of cofactors, prosthetic groups, and carriers, Heme,
porphyrin, and cobalamin].
Length = 390
Score = 31.7 bits (72), Expect = 0.075
Identities = 24/70 (34%), Positives = 30/70 (42%), Gaps = 3/70 (4%)
Query: 5 VTLAAMTGAGTMSPTALSGLASSNAAVGSSGKQLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMF 64
VTL A G ++ L GLA A+G +LT L + LPPE +DA
Sbjct: 257 VTLGAGLALGQLTAAQLRGLAQLAQALGDGDLRLT--PWRALLVLGLPPERADA-AQRAL 313
Query: 65 GPFGTVLSAK 74
G V SA
Sbjct: 314 AALGLVTSAS 323
>gnl|CDD|241214 cd12770, RRM1_HuD, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen D (HuD). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4),
or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of
the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu
proteins play important roles in neuronal
differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been
implicated in various aspects of neuronal function,
such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal
precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature
neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator
of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with
AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple
transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear
processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma
cells, as well as the neurite elongation and
morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds
poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3
may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein
complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be
involved in protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 83
Score = 30.5 bits (68), Expect = 0.077
Identities = 14/49 (28%), Positives = 26/49 (53%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
NL + +LP + + S+FG G + S K+ DK +S +G + ++
Sbjct: 4 NLIVNYLPQNMTQEEFRSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYI 52
>gnl|CDD|240844 cd12398, RRM_CSTF2_RNA15_like, RNA recognition motif in cleavage
stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), yeast ortholog
mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain
of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs.
CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa
subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast
mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed
in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage
stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for
polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a
CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region
and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the
transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF
interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64
at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides
downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed
tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage
stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports
polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed
during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation
in a more limited set of tissues and cell types,
largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and
to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will
cause male infertility, as it is necessary for
spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is
required for expression of genes involved in
morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as
for genes having products that function during
interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It
promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation
by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements
downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64.
The family also includes yeast ortholog mRNA
3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins.
RNA15 is a core subunit of cleavage factor IA (CFIA),
an essential transcriptional 3'-end processing factor
from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA recognition by CFIA
is mediated by an N-terminal RRM, which is contained in
the RNA15 subunit of the complex. The RRM of RNA15 has
a strong preference for GU-rich RNAs, mediated by a
binding pocket that is entirely conserved in both yeast
and vertebrate RNA15 orthologs.
Length = 75
Score = 29.9 bits (68), Expect = 0.082
Identities = 11/46 (23%), Positives = 24/46 (52%)
Query: 47 FIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
F+ ++P + ++ L +F G V+S ++ D+ + K +G F
Sbjct: 2 FVGNIPYDATEEQLIEIFSEVGPVVSFRLVTDRDTGKPKGYGFCEF 47
>gnl|CDD|240792 cd12346, RRM3_NGR1_NAM8_like, RNA recognition motif 3 in yeast
negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast
protein NAM8 and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM3 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also
termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative
glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in yeast. It may function
in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly
through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1
contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may
be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition,
NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl
terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region.
The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a
putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor
of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when
overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential
component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like
NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs. .
Length = 72
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.12
Identities = 11/30 (36%), Positives = 20/30 (66%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
+F+ L P ++ +L S+FGPFG ++ K+
Sbjct: 4 VFVGGLDPAVTEDELRSLFGPFGEIVYVKI 33
>gnl|CDD|233503 TIGR01642, U2AF_lg, U2 snRNP auxilliary factor, large subunit,
splicing factor. These splicing factors consist of an
N-terminal arginine-rich low complexity domain followed
by three tandem RNA recognition motifs (pfam00076). The
well-characterized members of this family are auxilliary
components of the U2 small nuclear ribonuclearprotein
splicing factor (U2AF). These proteins are closely
related to the CC1-like subfamily of splicing factors
(TIGR01622). Members of this subfamily are found in
plants, metazoa and fungi.
Length = 509
Score = 31.0 bits (70), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 10/60 (16%), Positives = 22/60 (36%), Gaps = 1/60 (1%)
Query: 30 AVGSSGKQLTGPEGAN-LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
V T + + ++I +LP + + + FG + + + D SK +
Sbjct: 281 NVEKLVNSTTVLDSKDRIYIGNLPLYLGEDQIKELLESFGDLKAFNLIKDIATGLSKGYA 340
>gnl|CDD|233515 TIGR01659, sex-lethal, sex-lethal family splicing factor. This
model describes the sex-lethal family of splicing
factors found in Dipteran insects. The sex-lethal
phenotype, however, may be limited to the Melanogasters
and closely related species. In Drosophila the protein
acts as an inhibitor of splicing. This subfamily is most
closely related to the ELAV/HUD subfamily of splicing
factors (TIGR01661).
Length = 346
Score = 31.1 bits (70), Expect = 0.13
Identities = 19/83 (22%), Positives = 38/83 (45%), Gaps = 1/83 (1%)
Query: 10 MTGAGTMSPTALSGLASSNAAVGSSGKQLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGT 69
+ G M+ A + +S + GS T G NL + +LP + +D +L ++F G
Sbjct: 75 LGSMGNMANMASTNSLNSLGSGGSDDND-TNNSGTNLIVNYLPQDMTDRELYALFRTIGP 133
Query: 70 VLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+ + ++ D + S + + F
Sbjct: 134 INTCRIMRDYKTGYSFGYAFVDF 156
Score = 29.2 bits (65), Expect = 0.59
Identities = 12/51 (23%), Positives = 26/51 (50%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
NL++ +LP +D L ++FG +G ++ + DK + + F ++
Sbjct: 195 NLYVTNLPRTITDDQLDTIFGKYGQIVQKNILRDKLTGTPRGVAFVRFNKR 245
>gnl|CDD|241080 cd12636, RRM2_Bruno_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in Drosophila
melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Bruno, a Drosophila
RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing protein that
plays a central role in regulation of Oskar (Osk)
expression. It mediates repression by binding to
regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs) in the Osk
mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein contains
three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half of the
protein and the third near the C-terminus, separated by
a linker region. .
Length = 81
Score = 29.8 bits (67), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 15/50 (30%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 1/50 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
LF+ L + ++ D+ MF PFG++ V D QN +S+ + F +
Sbjct: 4 LFVGMLSKKCNENDVRIMFAPFGSIEECTVLRD-QNGQSRGCAFVTFASR 52
>gnl|CDD|240896 cd12450, RRM1_NUCLs, RNA recognition motif 1 found in
nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of a group of plant
nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also
termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also
termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel
like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome
synthesis and in the growth and development of plants.
Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess
two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs
(RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains). .
Length = 77
Score = 29.6 bits (67), Expect = 0.14
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 22/47 (46%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +L DL F G V+ ++ D + RSK FG + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVGNLSWSAEQDDLEEFFKECGEVVDVRIAQDD-DGRSKGFGHVEF 47
>gnl|CDD|241200 cd12756, RRM1_hnRNPD, RNA recognition motif 1 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (hnRNP D0) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of
hnRNP D0, also termed AU-rich element RNA-binding
protein 1, which is a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding
protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and
telomere elongation. hnRNP D0 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
in the middle and an RGG box rich in glycine and
arginine residues in the C-terminal part. Each of RRMs
can bind solely to the UUAG sequence specifically. .
Length = 74
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+FI L + + DL F FG V+ + +D RS+ FG ++F
Sbjct: 1 MFIGGLSWDTTKKDLKDYFSKFGEVVDCTLKLDPITGRSRGFGFVLF 47
>gnl|CDD|241202 cd12758, RRM1_hnRPDL, RNA recognition motif 1 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like (hnRNP D-like or hnRNP
DL) and similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to
the RRM1 of hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like), also termed
AU-rich element RNA-binding factor, or JKT41-binding
protein (protein laAUF1 or JKTBP), which is a dual
functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding
properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis
at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
hnRNP DL binds single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or
double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a non-sequencespecific
manner, and interacts with poly(G) and poly(A)
tenaciously. It contains two putative two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus. .
Length = 76
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 16/47 (34%), Positives = 22/47 (46%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+FI L + S DL FG VL + D RS+ FG ++F
Sbjct: 2 MFIGGLSWDTSKKDLTEYLSRFGEVLDCTIKTDPVTGRSRGFGFVLF 48
>gnl|CDD|241205 cd12761, RRM1_hnRNPA1, RNA recognition motif 1 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of
hnRNP A1, also termed helix-destabilizing protein, or
single-strand RNA-binding protein, or hnRNP core
protein A1, and is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear
RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site
selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A1 has been
characterized as a splicing silencer, often acting in
opposition to an activating hnRNP H. It silences exons
when bound to exonic elements in the alternatively
spliced transcripts of c-src, HIV, GRIN1, and
beta-tropomyosin. hnRNP A1 can shuttle between the
nucleus and the cytoplasm. Thus, it may be involved in
transport of cellular RNAs, including the packaging of
pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles and transport of poly A+
mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic
hnRNP A1 has high affinity with AU-rich elements,
whereas the nuclear hnRNP A1 has high affinity with a
polypyrimidine stretch bordered by AG at the 3' ends of
introns. hnRNP A1 is also involved in the replication
of an RNA virus, such as mouse hepatitis virus (MHV),
through an interaction with the
transcription-regulatory region of viral RNA. hnRNP A1,
together with the scaffold protein septin 6, serves as
host protein to form a complex with NS5b and viral RNA,
and further plays important roles in the replication of
Hepatitis C virus (HCV). hnRNP A1 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
followed by a long glycine-rich region at the
C-terminus. The RRMs of hnRNP A1 play an important role
in silencing the exon and the glycine-rich domain is
responsible for protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 81
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 23/48 (47%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
LFI L E +D L S F +GT+ V D RS+ FG + +
Sbjct: 5 LFIGGLSFETTDESLRSHFEQWGTLTDCVVMRDPNTKRSRGFGFVTYS 52
>gnl|CDD|240839 cd12393, RRM_ZCRB1, RNA recognition motif in Zinc finger
CCHC-type and RNA-binding motif-containing protein 1
(ZCRB1) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of ZCRB1, also termed MADP-1, or
U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 31 kDa protein
(U11/U12 snRNP 31 or U11/U12-31K), a novel
multi-functional nuclear factor, which may be involved
in morphine dependence, cold/heat stress, and
hepatocarcinoma. It is located in the nucleoplasm, but
outside the nucleolus. ZCRB1 is one of the components
of U11/U12 snRNPs that bind to U12-type pre-mRNAs and
form a di-snRNP complex, simultaneously recognizing the
5' splice site and branchpoint sequence. ZCRB1 is
characterized by an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also
termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), and a CCHC-type Zinc finger
motif. In addition, it contains core nucleocapsid
motifs, and Lys- and Glu-rich domains. .
Length = 78
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 0.17
Identities = 13/50 (26%), Positives = 28/50 (56%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
+++ +LP ++ DL +F +G V+ + DK+ +SK I+F+ +
Sbjct: 4 VYVSNLPFSLTNNDLHKIFSKYGKVVKVTIVKDKETRKSKGVAFILFLDR 53
>gnl|CDD|241016 cd12572, RRM2_MSI1, RNA recognition motif 2 in RNA-binding
protein Musashi homolog 1 (Musashi-1) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
Musashi-1. The mammalian MSI1 gene encoding Musashi-1
(also termed Msi1) is a neural RNA-binding protein
putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS)
stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and associated
with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells.
Musashi-1 is evolutionarily conserved from
invertebrates to vertebrates. It is a homolog of
Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous
system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1) and has been
implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state,
differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally
regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by
binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb,
encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch
signaling, and further influences neural development.
It represses translation by interacting with the
poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the
eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-1
contains two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
along with other domains of unknown function. .
Length = 74
Score = 29.2 bits (65), Expect = 0.17
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 22/47 (46%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L + D+ F FG V A + DK NR + FG + F
Sbjct: 2 IFVGGLSVNTTVEDVKQYFEQFGKVDDAMLMFDKTTNRHRGFGFVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|240790 cd12344, RRM1_SECp43_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in tRNA
selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM1 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1
(SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1
(RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins.
SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated
specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA
[tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the
mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is
located primarily in the nucleus and contains two
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast
proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity
with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible
protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA
(ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in
early log phase, possibly through its participation in
RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which
are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be
involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1
has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which
also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a
putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor
of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when
overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential
component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8
also contains three RRMs. .
Length = 81
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 0.18
Identities = 14/42 (33%), Positives = 21/42 (50%)
Query: 51 LPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
L P +A + S F G V S K+ +KQ +S +G + F
Sbjct: 7 LEPWMDEAYIYSAFAECGEVTSVKIIRNKQTGKSAGYGFVEF 48
>gnl|CDD|241216 cd12772, RRM1_HuC, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
Hu-antigen C (HuC). This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3),
or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated
antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen
21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu
family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles
in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory.
Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich
RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC
can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to
maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and
might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in
protein-protein interactions. .
Length = 84
Score = 29.3 bits (65), Expect = 0.18
Identities = 14/46 (30%), Positives = 24/46 (52%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
NL + +LP + + S+FG G + S K+ DK +S +G +
Sbjct: 5 NLIVNYLPQNMTQEEFKSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFV 50
>gnl|CDD|240836 cd12390, RRM3_RAVER, RNA recognition motif 3 in ribonucleoprotein
PTB-binding raver-1, raver-2 and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of raver-1 and
raver-2. Raver-1 is a ubiquitously expressed
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that
serves as a co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing
repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein
(PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. It shuttles
between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can
accumulate in the perinucleolar compartment, a dynamic
nuclear substructure that harbors PTB. Raver-1 also
modulates focal adhesion assembly by binding to the
cytoskeletal proteins, including alpha-actinin,
vinculin, and metavinculin (an alternatively spliced
isoform of vinculin) at adhesion complexes,
particularly in differentiated muscle tissue. Raver-2
is a novel member of the heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family. It shows high
sequence homology to raver-1. Raver-2 exerts a
spatio-temporal expression pattern during embryogenesis
and is mainly limited to differentiated neurons and
glia cells. Although it displays nucleo-cytoplasmic
shuttling in heterokaryons, raver2 localizes to the
nucleus in glia cells and neurons. Raver-2 can interact
with PTB and may participate in PTB-mediated
RNA-processing. However, there is no evidence
indicating that raver-2 can bind to cytoplasmic
proteins. Both, raver-1 and raver-2, contain three
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), two putative nuclear localization signals
(NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich
region, and a C-terminal region harboring two
[SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. They binds to RNA through the
RRMs. In addition, the two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs serve
as the PTB-binding motifs in raver1. However, raver-2
interacts with PTB through the SLLGEPP motif only. .
Length = 92
Score = 29.2 bits (66), Expect = 0.20
Identities = 12/48 (25%), Positives = 20/48 (41%), Gaps = 2/48 (4%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDAD-LASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ LP F D L +F G ++ I N + + F + +
Sbjct: 5 LFVDRLPKTFRDVSILRKLFSQVGKPTFCQLAIA-PNGQPRGFAFVEY 51
>gnl|CDD|240910 cd12464, RRM_G3BP2, RNA recognition motif in ras
GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 2 (G3BP2) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM
of G3BP2, also termed GAP SH3 domain-binding protein 2,
a cytoplasmic protein that interacts with both
IkappaBalpha and IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB complexes,
indicating that G3BP2 may play a role in the control of
nucleocytoplasmic distribution of IkappaBalpha and
cytoplasmic anchoring of the IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB
complex. G3BP2 contains an N-terminal nuclear transfer
factor 2 (NTF2)-like domain, an acidic domain, a domain
containing five PXXP motifs, an RNA recognition motif
(RRM domain), and an Arg-Gly-rich region (RGG-rich
region, or arginine methylation motif). It binds to the
SH3 domain of RasGAP, a multi-functional protein
controlling Ras activity, through its N-terminal
NTF2-like domain. The acidic domain is sufficient for
the interaction of G3BP2 with the IkappaBalpha
cytoplasmic retention sequence. Furthermore, G3BP2
might influence stability or translational efficiency
of particular mRNAs by binding to RNA-containing
structures within the cytoplasm through its RNA-binding
domain.
Length = 83
Score = 29.2 bits (65), Expect = 0.21
Identities = 13/52 (25%), Positives = 26/52 (50%)
Query: 41 PEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
P+ LF+ +LP + +++L F FG V+ ++ + FG ++F
Sbjct: 3 PDSHQLFVGNLPHDIDESELKEFFMSFGNVVELRINTKGVGGKLPNFGFVVF 54
>gnl|CDD|240793 cd12347, RRM_PPIE, RNA recognition motif in cyclophilin-33
(Cyp33) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of Cyp33, also termed
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase E (PPIase E), or
cyclophilin E, or rotamase E. Cyp33 is a nuclear
RNA-binding cyclophilin with an N-terminal RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a
C-terminal PPIase domain. Cyp33 possesses RNA-binding
activity and preferentially binds to polyribonucleotide
polyA and polyU, but hardly to polyG and polyC. It
binds specifically to mRNA, which can stimulate its
PPIase activity. Moreover, Cyp33 interacts with the
third plant homeodomain (PHD3) zinc finger cassette of
the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) proto-oncoprotein and
a poly-A RNA sequence through its RRM domain. It
further mediates downregulation of the expression of
MLL target genes HOXC8, HOXA9, CDKN1B, and C-MYC, in a
proline isomerase-dependent manner. Cyp33 also
possesses a PPIase activity that catalyzes cis-trans
isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline,
which has been implicated in the stimulation of folding
and conformational changes in folded and unfolded
proteins. The PPIase activity can be inhibited by the
immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. .
Length = 73
Score = 28.7 bits (65), Expect = 0.21
Identities = 11/47 (23%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
L++ L E + L + F PFG + ++ +D + + + F + F
Sbjct: 1 LYVGGLAEEVDEKVLHAAFIPFGDIKDIQIPLDYETQKHRGFAFVEF 47
>gnl|CDD|240857 cd12411, RRM_ist3_like, RNA recognition motif in ist3 family.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the ist3
family that includes fungal U2 small nuclear
ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) component increased sodium
tolerance protein 3 (ist3), X-linked 2 RNA-binding
motif proteins (RBMX2) found in Metazoa and plants, and
similar proteins. Gene IST3 encoding ist3, also termed
U2 snRNP protein SNU17 (Snu17p), is a novel yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein required for the first
catalytic step of splicing and for progression of
spliceosome assembly. It binds specifically to the U2
snRNP and is an intrinsic component of prespliceosomes
and spliceosomes. Yeast ist3 contains an atypical RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). In the yeast
pre-mRNA retention and splicing complex, the atypical
RRM of ist3 functions as a scaffold that organizes the
other two constituents, Bud13p (bud site selection 13)
and Pml1p (pre-mRNA leakage 1). Fission yeast
Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene cwf29 encoding ist3,
also termed cell cycle control protein cwf29, is an
RNA-binding protein complexed with cdc5 protein 29. It
also contains one RRM. The biological function of RBMX2
remains unclear. It shows high sequence similarity to
yeast ist3 protein and harbors one RRM as well. .
Length = 89
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 0.25
Identities = 13/45 (28%), Positives = 25/45 (55%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
A ++I LP E ++ D+ +F +G ++ + DK+ +SK F
Sbjct: 10 AYIYIGGLPYELTEGDILCVFSQYGEIVDINLVRDKKTGKSKGFA 54
>gnl|CDD|240900 cd12454, RRM2_RIM4_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast meiotic
activator RIM4 and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM2 of RIM4, also termed regulator
of IME2 protein 4, a putative RNA binding protein that
is expressed at elevated levels early in meiosis. It
functions as a meiotic activator required for both the
IME1- and IME2-dependent pathways of meiotic gene
expression, as well as early events of meiosis, such as
meiotic division and recombination, in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. RIM4 contains two RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). The family also includes a
putative RNA-binding protein termed multicopy
suppressor of sporulation protein Msa1. It is a
putative RNA-binding protein encoded by a novel gene,
msa1, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Msa1 may be involved in the inhibition of sexual
differentiation by controlling the expression of
Ste11-regulated genes, possibly through the
pheromone-signaling pathway. Like RIM4, Msa1 also
contains two RRMs, both of which are essential for the
function of Msa1. .
Length = 80
Score = 28.8 bits (65), Expect = 0.27
Identities = 14/49 (28%), Positives = 22/49 (44%), Gaps = 2/49 (4%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMR 94
+F+ L P+ + +L F G +L I K+ N + F I F R
Sbjct: 6 IFVGQLSPDVTKEELNERFSRHGKILEVN-LI-KRANHTNAFAFIKFER 52
>gnl|CDD|241109 cd12665, RRM2_RAVER1, RNA recognition motif 2 found in vertebrate
ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding 1 (raver-1). This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-1, a
ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that serves as a co-repressor
of the nucleoplasmic splicing repressor polypyrimidine
tract-binding protein (PTB)-directed splicing of select
mRNAs. It shuttles between the cytoplasm and the
nucleus and can accumulate in the perinucleolar
compartment, a dynamic nuclear substructure that
harbors PTB. Raver-1 also modulates focal adhesion
assembly by binding to the cytoskeletal proteins,
including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and metavinculin (an
alternatively spliced isoform of vinculin) at adhesion
complexes, particularly in differentiated muscle
tissue. Raver-1 contains three N-terminal RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
two putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) at the
N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich region, and a
C-terminal region harboring two PTB-binding
[SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. Raver1 binds to PTB through the
PTB-binding motifs at its C-terminal half, and binds to
other partners, such as RNA having the sequence
UCAUGCAGUCUG, through its N-terminal RRMs.
Interestingly, the 12-nucleotide RNA having the
sequence UCAUGCAGUCUG with micromolar affinity is found
in vinculin mRNA. Additional research indicates that
the RRM1 of raver-1 directs its interaction with the
tail domain of activated vinculin. Then the
raver1/vinculin tail (Vt) complex binds to vinculin
mRNA, which is permissive for vinculin binding to
F-actin. .
Length = 77
Score = 28.8 bits (64), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 13/50 (26%), Positives = 24/50 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
L I +LPP ++ + PFG + + + SK +G + +M+K
Sbjct: 2 LCIANLPPTYTQQQFEELVRPFGNLERCFLVYSETTGHSKGYGFVEYMKK 51
>gnl|CDD|240894 cd12448, RRM2_gar2, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast protein gar2
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM2 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar
protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit
accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture
with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated
N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic
regions separated from each other by basic sequences,
and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The
central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is
rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues. .
Length = 73
Score = 28.5 bits (64), Expect = 0.30
Identities = 13/47 (27%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +L + + + FG +G + S ++ D + R K FG + F
Sbjct: 1 LFVGNLSFDADEDSIYEAFGEYGEISSVRLPTDPDSGRPKGFGYVEF 47
>gnl|CDD|240864 cd12418, RRM_Aly_REF_like, RNA recognition motif in the Aly/REF
family. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of
Aly/REF family which includes THO complex subunit 4
(THOC4, also termed Aly/REF), S6K1 Aly/REF-like target
(SKAR, also termed PDIP3 or PDIP46) and similar
proteins. THOC4 is an mRNA transporter protein with a
well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain). It is involved in RNA transportation from the
nucleus, and was initially identified as a
transcription coactivator of LEF-1 and AML-1 for the
TCRalpha enhancer function. In addition, THOC4
specifically binds to rhesus (RH) promoter in
erythroid, and might be a novel transcription cofactor
for erythroid-specific genes. SKAR shows high sequence
homology with THOC4 and possesses one RRM as well. SKAR
is widely expressed and localizes to the nucleus. It
may be a critical player in the function of S6K1 in
cell and organism growth control by binding the
activated, hyperphosphorylated form of S6K1 but not
S6K2. Furthermore, SKAR functions as a protein partner
of the p50 subunit of DNA polymerase delta. In
addition, SKAR may have particular importance in
pancreatic beta cell size determination and insulin
secretion. .
Length = 75
Score = 28.3 bits (64), Expect = 0.32
Identities = 13/50 (26%), Positives = 27/50 (54%), Gaps = 1/50 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
L + +L + ++ DL +FG G V K+ D+ + RS+ ++F ++
Sbjct: 3 LRVSNLHYDVTEEDLEELFGRVGEVKKVKINYDR-SGRSEGTADVVFEKR 51
>gnl|CDD|240860 cd12414, RRM2_RBM28_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in RNA-binding
protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM28 and Nop4p.
RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the
spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs),
possibly coordinating their transition through the
nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4,
U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a
role in the maturation of both small nuclear and
ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic
region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes
nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by
YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an
essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and
maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S
ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs. .
Length = 76
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.33
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 26/51 (50%), Gaps = 1/51 (1%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKF 96
L + +LP + ++ADL +F PFG V + K + + K F + F K
Sbjct: 2 LIVRNLPFKCTEADLKKLFSPFGFVWEVTI-PRKPDGKKKGFAFVQFTSKA 51
>gnl|CDD|241029 cd12585, RRM2_hnRPDL, RNA recognition motif 2 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like (hnRNP DL) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like), also termed AU-rich element
RNA-binding factor, or JKT41-binding protein (protein
laAUF1 or JKTBP), is a dual functional protein that
possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been
implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional
and post-transcriptional levels. hnRNP DL binds
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA
(dsDNA) in a non-sequencespecific manner, and interacts
with poly(G) and poly(A) tenaciously. It contains two
putative two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus.
.
Length = 75
Score = 28.4 bits (63), Expect = 0.36
Identities = 13/46 (28%), Positives = 25/46 (54%), Gaps = 2/46 (4%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNN--RSKCFGT 89
+F+ L P+ ++ + FG FG + + ++ +D + N R CF T
Sbjct: 2 VFVGGLSPDTTEEQIKEYFGAFGEIENIELPMDTKTNERRGFCFVT 47
>gnl|CDD|240682 cd12236, RRM_snRNP70, RNA recognition motif in U1 small nuclear
ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa (U1-70K) and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of U1-70K, also
termed snRNP70, a key component of the U1 snRNP
complex, which is one of the key factors facilitating
the splicing of pre-mRNA via interaction at the 5'
splice site, and is involved in regulation of
polyadenylation of some viral and cellular genes,
enhancing or inhibiting efficient poly(A) site usage.
U1-70K plays an essential role in targeting the U1
snRNP to the 5' splice site through protein-protein
interactions with regulatory RNA-binding splicing
factors, such as the RS protein ASF/SF2. Moreover,
U1-70K protein can specifically bind to stem-loop I of
the U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA) contained in the U1
snRNP complex. It also mediates the binding of U1C,
another U1-specific protein, to the U1 snRNP complex.
U1-70K contains a conserved RNA recognition motif
(RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent
glycine-rich region at the N-terminal half, and two
serine/arginine-rich (SR) domains at the C-terminal
half. The RRM is responsible for the binding of
stem-loop I of U1 snRNA molecule. Additionally, the
most prominent immunodominant region that can be
recognized by auto-antibodies from autoimmune patients
may be located within the RRM. The SR domains are
involved in protein-protein interaction with SR
proteins that mediate 5' splice site recognition. For
instance, the first SR domain is necessary and
sufficient for ASF/SF2 Binding. The family also
includes Drosophila U1-70K that is an essential
splicing factor required for viability in flies, but
its SR domain is dispensable. The yeast U1-70k doesn't
contain easily recognizable SR domains and shows low
sequence similarity in the RRM region with other U1-70k
proteins and therefore not included in this family. The
RRM domain is dispensable for yeast U1-70K function.
Length = 91
Score = 28.4 bits (64), Expect = 0.38
Identities = 10/50 (20%), Positives = 24/50 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
LF+ L + +++ L F +G + ++ DK+ + + + I F +
Sbjct: 4 LFVARLNYDTTESKLRREFEEYGPIKRIRLVRDKKTGKPRGYAFIEFEHE 53
>gnl|CDD|241027 cd12583, RRM2_hnRNPD, RNA recognition motif 2 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (hnRNP D0) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
hnRNP D0, also termed AU-rich element RNA-binding
protein 1, a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein
that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere
elongation. hnRNP D0 contains two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), in the middle and
an RGG box rich in glycine and arginine residues in the
C-terminal part. Each of RRMs can bind solely to the
UUAG sequence specifically. .
Length = 75
Score = 28.4 bits (63), Expect = 0.38
Identities = 14/47 (29%), Positives = 25/47 (53%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L P+ + + FG FG V S ++ +D + N+ + F I F
Sbjct: 2 IFVGGLSPDTPEEKIREYFGAFGEVESIELPMDNKTNKRRGFCFITF 48
>gnl|CDD|241017 cd12573, RRM2_MSI2, RNA recognition motif 2 in RNA-binding
protein Musashi homolog 2 (Musashi-2) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) which has been identified
as a regulator of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)
compartment and of leukemic stem cells after
transplantation of cells with loss and gain of function
of the gene. It influences proliferation and
differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and
further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes
aggressive myeloid leukemia. Musashi-2 contains two
conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains
of unknown function. .
Length = 79
Score = 28.5 bits (63), Expect = 0.40
Identities = 13/34 (38%), Positives = 17/34 (50%)
Query: 59 DLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
D+ F FG V A + DK NR + FG + F
Sbjct: 19 DVKQYFEQFGKVEDAMLMFDKTTNRHRGFGFVTF 52
>gnl|CDD|241030 cd12586, RRM1_PSP1, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1). This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM1 of PSPC1, also termed
paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1), a novel nucleolar
factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic
compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely
distributes in the nucleoplasm. It is ubiquitously
expressed and highly conserved in vertebrates. Its
cellular function remains unknown currently, however,
PSPC1 forms a novel heterodimer with the nuclear
protein p54nrb, also known as non-POU domain-containing
octamer-binding protein (NonO), which localizes to
paraspeckles in an RNA-dependent manner. PSPC1 contains
two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also
termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), at the N-terminus. .
Length = 71
Score = 28.0 bits (62), Expect = 0.41
Identities = 15/45 (33%), Positives = 25/45 (55%), Gaps = 6/45 (13%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
LF+ +LP + ++ D +F +G ++VFI NR + FG I
Sbjct: 4 LFVGNLPTDITEEDFKKLFEKYGE--PSEVFI----NRDRGFGFI 42
>gnl|CDD|241018 cd12574, RRM1_DAZAP1, RNA recognition motif 1 in Deleted in
azoospermia-associated protein 1 (DAZAP1) and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of
DAZAP1 or DAZ-associated protein 1, also termed
proline-rich RNA binding protein (Prrp), a
multi-functional ubiquitous RNA-binding protein
expressed most abundantly in the testis and essential
for normal cell growth, development, and
spermatogenesis. DAZAP1 is a shuttling protein whose
acetylated form is predominantly nuclear and the
nonacetylated form is in cytoplasm. It also functions
as a translational regulator that activates translation
in an mRNA-specific manner. DAZAP1 was initially
identified as a binding partner of Deleted in
Azoospermia (DAZ). It also interacts with numerous
hnRNPs, including hnRNP U, hnRNP U like-1, hnRNPA1,
hnRNPA/B, and hnRNP D, suggesting DAZAP1 might
associate and cooperate with hnRNP particles to
regulate adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich
element or ARE)-containing mRNAs. DAZAP1 contains two
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed
RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domains), and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. .
Length = 82
Score = 28.2 bits (63), Expect = 0.42
Identities = 16/47 (34%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ L E + L F +G V+ + DK NRS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 2 LFVGGLSWETTQETLRRYFSQYGEVVDCVIMKDKTTNRSRGFGFVKF 48
>gnl|CDD|241003 cd12559, RRM_SRSF10, RNA recognition motif in
serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 10 (SRSF10) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM
of SRSF10, also termed 40 kDa SR-repressor protein
(SRrp40), or FUS-interacting serine-arginine-rich
protein 1 (FUSIP1), or splicing factor SRp38, or
splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13A (SFRS13A), or
TLS-associated protein with Ser-Arg repeats (TASR).
SRSF10 is a serine-arginine (SR) protein that acts as a
potent and general splicing repressor when
dephosphorylated. It mediates global inhibition of
splicing both in M phase of the cell cycle and in
response to heat shock. SRSF10 emerges as a modulator
of cholesterol homeostasis through the regulation of
low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) splicing
efficiency. It also regulates cardiac-specific
alternative splicing of triadin pre-mRNA and is
required for proper Ca2+ handling during embryonic
heart development. In contrast, the phosphorylated
SRSF10 functions as a sequence-specific splicing
activator in the presence of a nuclear cofactor. It
activates distal alternative 5' splice site of
adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Moreover, SRSF10
strengthens pre-mRNA recognition by U1 and U2 snRNPs.
SRSF10 localizes to the nuclear speckles and can
shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. It contains a
single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also
termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a C-terminal RS
domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. .
Length = 84
Score = 28.4 bits (63), Expect = 0.43
Identities = 12/49 (24%), Positives = 24/49 (48%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
++LF+ ++ + DL FG +G ++ V +D R + F + F
Sbjct: 1 SSLFVRNIADDTRSEDLRREFGRYGPIVDVYVPLDFYTRRPRGFAYVQF 49
>gnl|CDD|241066 cd12622, RRM3_PUB1, RNA recognition motif 3 in yeast nuclear and
cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM3 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS
consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly
uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein.
PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous
nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic
mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound
to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs
within the cytoplasm. PUB1 is distributed in both, the
nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA
(mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major
cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to
polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for
cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single
stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong
evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA
replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine
and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2
and RRM3. .
Length = 74
Score = 28.2 bits (63), Expect = 0.44
Identities = 10/33 (30%), Positives = 19/33 (57%)
Query: 47 FIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDK 79
++ ++PP + ADL +F FG +L + D+
Sbjct: 4 YVGNIPPYTTQADLIPLFQNFGYILEFRHQPDR 36
>gnl|CDD|241050 cd12606, RRM1_RBM4, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
RNA-binding protein 4 (RBM4). This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM4, a ubiquitously
expressed splicing factor that has two isoforms, RBM4A
(also known as Lark homolog) and RBM4B (also known as
RBM30), which are very similar in structure and
sequence. RBM4 may function as a translational
regulator of stress-associated mRNAs and also plays a
role in micro-RNA-mediated gene regulation. RBM4
contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), a CCHC-type zinc finger,
and three alanine-rich regions within their C-terminal
regions. The C-terminal region may be crucial for
nuclear localization and protein-protein interaction.
The RRMs, in combination with the C-terminal region,
are responsible for the splicing function of RBM4. .
Length = 67
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.44
Identities = 11/26 (42%), Positives = 19/26 (73%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVL 71
LF+ +LPPE ++ ++ S+F +G VL
Sbjct: 3 LFVGNLPPEATEQEIRSLFEQYGKVL 28
>gnl|CDD|241041 cd12597, RRM1_SRSF1, RNA recognition motif 1 in
serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of SRSF1, also termed alternative-splicing factor
1 (ASF-1), or pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF2, P33
subunit. SRSF1 is a splicing regulatory serine/arginine
(SR) protein involved in constitutive and alternative
splicing, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), mRNA
export and translation. It also functions as a
splicing-factor oncoprotein that regulates apoptosis
and proliferation to promote mammary epithelial cell
transformation. SRSF1 is a shuttling SR protein and
contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), separated by a long
glycine-rich spacer, and a C-terminal RS domains rich
in serine-arginine dipeptides. .
Length = 73
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.50
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 23/47 (48%), Gaps = 4/47 (8%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+++ +LPP+ D+ +F +G + ID +N R F + F
Sbjct: 2 IYVGNLPPDIRTKDIEDLFYKYGAIR----DIDLKNRRGPPFAFVEF 44
>gnl|CDD|241032 cd12588, RRM1_p54nrb, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate 54
kDa nuclear RNA- and DNA-binding protein (p54nrb).
This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of p54nrb, also
termed non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding
protein (NonO), or 55 kDa nuclear protein (NMT55), or
DNA-binding p52/p100 complex 52 kDa subunit. p54nrb is
a multifunctional protein involved in numerous nuclear
processes including transcriptional regulation,
splicing, DNA unwinding, nuclear retention of
hyperedited double-stranded RNA, viral RNA processing,
control of cell proliferation, and circadian rhythm
maintenance. It is ubiquitously expressed and highly
conserved in vertebrates. p54nrb binds both, single-
and double-stranded RNA and DNA, and also possesses
inherent carbonic anhydrase activity. It forms a
heterodimer with paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1 or
PSP1), localizing to paraspeckles in an RNA-dependent
manneras well as with polypyrimidine tract-binding
protein-associated-splicing factor (PSF). p54nrb
contains two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), at the N-terminus. .
Length = 71
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 0.53
Identities = 13/47 (27%), Positives = 28/47 (59%), Gaps = 6/47 (12%)
Query: 44 ANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
+ LF+ +LPP+ ++ ++ +F +G + ++FI ++ K FG I
Sbjct: 2 SRLFVGNLPPDITEEEMRKLFEKYGK--AGEIFI----HKDKGFGFI 42
>gnl|CDD|241028 cd12584, RRM2_hnRNPAB, RNA recognition motif 2 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (hnRNP A/B) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
hnRNP A/B, also termed APOBEC1-binding protein 1
(ABBP-1), an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity
for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also
been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that
interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts
around the editing site and thus plays an important
role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP A/B contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
followed by a long C-terminal glycine-rich domain that
contains a potential ATP/GTP binding loop. .
Length = 80
Score = 27.6 bits (61), Expect = 0.66
Identities = 13/47 (27%), Positives = 26/47 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ L PE ++ + FG FG + + ++ +D + N+ + F I F
Sbjct: 7 IFVGGLNPEATEEKIREYFGEFGEIEAIELPMDPKTNKRRGFVFITF 53
>gnl|CDD|241115 cd12671, RRM_CSTF2_CSTF2T, RNA recognition motif in cleavage
stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), cleavage
stimulation factor subunit 2 tau variant (CSTF2T) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM
domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic
homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation
factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate
conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein
RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is
one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF)
subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains
an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known
as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA
helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain
reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During
polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA
through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences
within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage
site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of
the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein
that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It
is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid
differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and
cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male
germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss
of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is
necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization.
Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes
involved in morphological differentiation of
spermatids, as well as for genes having products that
function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with
eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of
polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different
sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites
than does CstF64. .
Length = 75
Score = 27.5 bits (61), Expect = 0.69
Identities = 11/43 (25%), Positives = 25/43 (58%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
+F+ ++P E ++ L +F G V+S ++ D++ + K +G
Sbjct: 1 VFVGNIPYEATEEQLKDIFSEVGPVVSFRLVYDRETGKPKGYG 43
>gnl|CDD|240722 cd12276, RRM2_MEI2_EAR1_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in
Mei2-like proteins and terminal EAR1-like proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Mei2-like
proteins from plant and fungi, terminal EAR1-like
proteins from plant, and other eukaryotic homologs.
Mei2-like proteins represent an ancient eukaryotic
RNA-binding proteins family whose corresponding
Mei2-like genes appear to have arisen early in
eukaryote evolution, been lost from some lineages such
as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metazoans, and
diversified in the plant lineage. The plant Mei2-like
genes may function in cell fate specification during
development, rather than as stimulators of meiosis. In
the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the Mei2
protein is an essential component of the switch from
mitotic to meiotic growth. S. pombe Mei2 stimulates
meiosis in the nucleus upon binding a specific
non-coding RNA. The terminal EAR1-like protein 1 and 2
(TEL1 and TEL2) are mainly found in land plants. They
may play a role in the regulation of leaf initiation.
All members in this family are putative RNA-binding
proteins carrying three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). In addition to the RRMs,
the terminal EAR1-like proteins also contain TEL
characteristic motifs that allow sequence and putative
functional discrimination between them and Mei2-like
proteins. .
Length = 71
Score = 27.6 bits (62), Expect = 0.69
Identities = 10/27 (37%), Positives = 15/27 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLS 72
L +++L SD +L S+F FG V
Sbjct: 4 LLVFNLDSPISDQELRSLFSQFGEVKD 30
>gnl|CDD|178509 PLN02921, PLN02921, naphthoate synthase.
Length = 327
Score = 29.0 bits (65), Expect = 0.71
Identities = 18/56 (32%), Positives = 24/56 (42%), Gaps = 15/56 (26%)
Query: 16 MSPTALSGLASS-NAAV-GSSGKQLTG-------------PEGANLFIYHLPPEFS 56
SPTA+ L S+ NAA G +G Q G EG ++ P+FS
Sbjct: 266 NSPTAIRVLKSALNAADDGHAGLQELGGNATLLFYGSEEGNEGRTAYLEGRAPDFS 321
>gnl|CDD|241052 cd12608, RRM1_CoAA, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA).
This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of CoAA, also
termed RNA-binding protein 14 (RBM14), or paraspeckle
protein 2 (PSP2), or synaptotagmin-interacting protein
(SYT-interacting protein), a heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a
nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates
transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects
in a promoter-preferential manner and is enhanced by
thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA
contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting
domain. It stimulates transcription through its
interactions with coactivators, such as TRBP and
CREB-binding protein CBP/p300, via the TRBP-interacting
domain and interaction with an RNA-containing complex,
such as DNA-dependent protein kinase-poly(ADP-ribose)
polymerase complexes, via the RRMs. .
Length = 69
Score = 27.5 bits (61), Expect = 0.74
Identities = 9/30 (30%), Positives = 18/30 (60%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
+F+ ++ + S +L ++F +G VLS V
Sbjct: 3 IFVGNVDEDTSQEELRALFEAYGAVLSCAV 32
>gnl|CDD|241076 cd12632, RRM1_CELF3_4_5_6, RNA recognition motif 1 in CUGBP
Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6
and similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to
the RRM1 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6, all of
which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors
(CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding
proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic
localizations and have been implicated in the
regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of
mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed
in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like
protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or
CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal
abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1
(ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4,
or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein
(TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis
of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains):
two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the
N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the
third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein.The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is
mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2.
The divergent linker region might mediate the
interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating
its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4,
highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular
tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal
muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein
4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like
CELF-3, CELF-4 also contain three highly conserved
RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of
CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its
RRM1/RRM2. On the other hand, both RRM1 and RRM2 of
CELF-4 can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5
inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is also known as
bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and
ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its biological role
remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same domain architecture
with CELF-3. CELF-6, strongly expressed in kidney,
brain, and testis, is also known as bruno-like protein
6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It
activates exon inclusion of a cardiac troponin T
minigene in transient transfection assays in an
muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent
manner and can activate inclusion via multiple copies
of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes
skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a known target
of CELF activity that is expressed in kidney. In
additiona to three highly conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also
possesses numerous potential phosphorylation sites, a
potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) at the C
terminus, and an alanine-rich region within the
divergent linker region. .
Length = 87
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.74
Identities = 11/34 (32%), Positives = 16/34 (47%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDK 79
LF+ +P + DL +F FG + V DK
Sbjct: 8 LFVGQIPRNLEEKDLRPLFEQFGKIYELTVLKDK 41
>gnl|CDD|222766 pfam14464, Prok-JAB, Prokaryotic homologs of the JAB domain.
These are metalloenzymes that function as the ubiquitin
isopeptidase/ deubiquitinase in the ubiquitin-based
signaling and protein turnover pathways in eukaryotes.
Prokaryotic JAB domains are predicted to have a similar
role in their cognates of the ubiquitin modification
pathway. The domain is widely found in bacteria,
archaea and phages where they are present in several
gene contexts in addition to those that correspond to
the prokaryotic cognates of the eukaryotic Ub pathway.
Other contexts in which JAB domains are present include
gene neighbor associations with ubiquitin fold domains
in cysteine and siderophore biosynthesis, and phage
tail morphogenesis, where they are shown or predicted
to process the associated ubiquitin. A distinct family,
the RadC-like JAB domains are widespread in bacteria
and are predicted to function as nucleases. In
halophilic archaea the JAB domain shows strong
gene-neighborhood associations with a
nucleotidyltransferase suggesting a role in nucleotide
metabolism.
Length = 98
Score = 27.8 bits (62), Expect = 0.79
Identities = 6/24 (25%), Positives = 7/24 (29%), Gaps = 4/24 (16%)
Query: 48 IYH----LPPEFSDADLASMFGPF 67
IYH P S+ D
Sbjct: 65 IYHSHPGGPAYPSETDRRLARPLA 88
>gnl|CDD|240867 cd12421, RRM1_PTBP1_hnRNPL_like, RNA recognition motif in
polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTB or hnRNP
I), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L
(hnRNP-L), and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM1 of the majority of family
members that include polypyrimidine tract-binding
protein 1 (PTB or hnRNP I), polypyrimidine
tract-binding protein 2 (PTBP2 or nPTB), regulator of
differentiation 1 (Rod1), heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP-L), heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNP-LL), polypyrimidine
tract-binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3),
polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 1 and 2
(PTBPH1 and PTBPH2), and similar proteins. PTB is an
important negative regulator of alternative splicing in
mammalian cells and also functions at several other
aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA
localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and
translation. PTBP2 is highly homologous to PTB and is
perhaps specific to the vertebrates. Unlike PTB, PTBP2
is enriched in the brain and in some neural cell lines.
It binds more stably to the downstream control sequence
(DCS) RNA than PTB does but is a weaker repressor of
splicing in vitro. PTBP2 also greatly enhances the
binding of two other proteins, heterogeneous nuclear
ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) H and KH-type
splicing-regulatory protein (KSRP), to the DCS RNA. The
binding properties of PTBP2 and its reduced inhibitory
activity on splicing imply roles in controlling the
assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. Rod1 is
a mammalian polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB)
homolog of a regulator of differentiation in the
fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, where the nrd1
gene encodes an RNA binding protein negatively
regulates the onset of differentiation. ROD1 is
predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells or
organs. It might play a role controlling
differentiation in mammals. hnRNP-L is a higher
eukaryotic specific subunit of human KMT3a (also known
as HYPB or hSet2) complex required for histone H3
Lys-36 trimethylation activity. It plays both, nuclear
and cytoplasmic, roles in mRNA export of intronless
genes, IRES-mediated translation, mRNA stability, and
splicing. hnRNP-LL protein plays a critical and unique
role in the signal-induced regulation of CD45 and acts
as a global regulator of alternative splicing in
activated T cells. The family also includes
polypyrimidine tract binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3)
found in plant. Although its biological roles remain
unclear, PTBPH3 shows significant sequence similarity
to other family members, all of which contain four RNA
recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).
Although their biological roles remain unclear, both
PTBPH1 and PTBPH2 show significant sequence similarity
to PTB. However, in contrast to PTB, they have three
RRMs. In addition, this family also includes
RNA-binding motif protein 20 (RBM20) that is an
alternative splicing regulator associated with dilated
cardiomyopathy (DCM) and contains only one RRM. .
Length = 74
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.82
Identities = 10/25 (40%), Positives = 18/25 (72%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTV 70
L + +LPP+ +++DL ++ PFG V
Sbjct: 2 LHLRNLPPDVTESDLIALVSPFGKV 26
>gnl|CDD|240734 cd12288, RRM_La_like_plant, RNA recognition motif in plant
proteins related to the La autoantigen. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of plant La-like proteins
related to the La autoantigen. A variety of La-related
proteins (LARPs or La ribonucleoproteins), with
differing domain architecture, appear to function as
RNA-binding proteins in eukaryotic cellular processes.
Members in this family contain an LAM domain followed
by an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 93
Score = 27.5 bits (61), Expect = 0.87
Identities = 10/34 (29%), Positives = 17/34 (50%), Gaps = 1/34 (2%)
Query: 51 LPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRS 84
LP + S +L +FG G+V + ++ D S
Sbjct: 8 LPEDHSIENLEEIFGTVGSVKNVRIC-DPGRVGS 40
>gnl|CDD|240729 cd12283, RRM1_RBM39_like, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39) and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RNA-binding
protein 39 (RBM39), RNA-binding protein 23 (RBM23) and
similar proteins. RBM39 (also termed HCC1) is a nuclear
autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine
rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence
called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS
region of RBM39. Although the cellular function of
RBM23 remains unclear, it shows high sequence homology
to RBM39 and contains two RRMs. It may possibly
function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. .
Length = 73
Score = 27.2 bits (61), Expect = 0.89
Identities = 12/46 (26%), Positives = 20/46 (43%)
Query: 47 FIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
F+ L + + DL F G V ++ D+ + RSK + F
Sbjct: 3 FVMQLSLKVRERDLYEFFSKAGKVRDVRIIRDRNSRRSKGVAYVEF 48
>gnl|CDD|240811 cd12365, RRM_RNPS1, RNA recognition motif in RNA-binding protein
with serine-rich domain 1 (RNPS1) and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RNPS1 and its
eukaryotic homologs. RNPS1, also termed RNA-binding
protein prevalent during the S phase, or SR-related
protein LDC2, was originally characterized as a general
pre-mRNA splicing activator, which activates both
constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA in
vitro.It has been identified as a protein component of
the splicing-dependent mRNP complex, or exon-exon
junction complex (EJC), and is directly involved in
mRNA surveillance. Furthermore, RNPS1 is a splicing
regulator whose activator function is controlled in
part by CK2 (casein kinase II) protein kinase
phosphorylation. It can also function as a
squamous-cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells-3
(SART3)-binding protein, and is involved in the
regulation of mRNA splicing. RNPS1 contains an
N-terminal serine-rich (S) domain, a central RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and the
C-terminal arginine/serine/proline-rich (RS/P) domain.
.
Length = 73
Score = 27.1 bits (61), Expect = 0.92
Identities = 11/50 (22%), Positives = 21/50 (42%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
L + L + L +F +GTV + ID++ N + + + F
Sbjct: 1 LHVGKLTRNVNKDHLKEIFSNYGTVKDVDLPIDREVNLPRGYAYVEFESP 50
>gnl|CDD|130706 TIGR01645, half-pint, poly-U binding splicing factor, half-pint
family. The proteins represented by this model contain
three RNA recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076) and have
been characterized as poly-pyrimidine tract binding
proteins associated with RNA splicing factors. In the
case of PUF60 (GP|6176532), in complex with p54, and in
the presence of U2AF, facilitates association of U2
snRNP with pre-mRNA.
Length = 612
Score = 28.5 bits (63), Expect = 0.99
Identities = 10/50 (20%), Positives = 24/50 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
+++ + P+ S+ D+ S+F FG ++ ++ K +G I +
Sbjct: 207 IYVASVHPDLSETDIKSVFEAFGEIVKCQLARAPTGRGHKGYGFIEYNNL 256
>gnl|CDD|241020 cd12576, RRM1_MSI, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding protein
Musashi homolog Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in
Musashi-1 and Musashi-2. Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1)
is a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in
central nervous system (CNS) stem cells and neural
progenitor cells, and associated with asymmetric
divisions in neural progenitor cells. It is
evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates to
vertebrates. Musashi-1 is a homolog of Drosophila
Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous system-specific RNP
protein-1 (Nrp-1). It has been implicated in the
maintenance of the stem-cell state, differentiation,
and tumorigenesis. It translationally regulates the
expression of a mammalian numb gene by binding to the
3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb, encoding a
membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling, and
further influences neural development. Moreover,
Musashi-1 represses translation by interacting with the
poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the
eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-2
(also termed Msi2) has been identified as a regulator
of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment and of
leukemic stem cells after transplantation of cells with
loss and gain of function of the gene. It influences
proliferation and differentiation of HSCs and myeloid
progenitors, and further modulates normal hematopoiesis
and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia. Both,
Musashi-1 and Musashi-2, contain two conserved
N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also
termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains
of unknown function. .
Length = 75
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 1.0
Identities = 14/48 (29%), Positives = 20/48 (41%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
+FI L + + L F FG + V D RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 1 MFIGGLSWQTTAEGLREYFSKFGEIKECMVMRDPTTKRSRGFGFVTFS 48
>gnl|CDD|240978 cd12534, RRM_SARFH, RNA recognition motif in Drosophila
melanogaster RNA-binding protein cabeza and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM in
cabeza, also termed P19, or sarcoma-associated
RNA-binding fly homolog (SARFH). It is a putative
homolog of human RNA-binding proteins FUS (also termed
TLS or Pigpen or hnRNP P2), EWS (also termed EWSR1),
TAF15 (also termed hTAFII68 or TAF2N or RPB56), and
belongs to the of the FET (previously TET) (FUS/TLS,
EWS, TAF15) family of RNA- and DNA-binding proteins
whose expression is altered in cancer. It is a nuclear
RNA binding protein that may play an important role in
the regulation of RNA metabolism during fly
development. Cabeza contains one RNA recognition motif
(RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 83
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 14/40 (35%), Positives = 22/40 (55%), Gaps = 5/40 (12%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSK 85
+F+ +LPP ++ DLA FG G + IDK+ + K
Sbjct: 1 VFVSNLPPNTTEQDLAEHFGSIGIIK-----IDKKTGKPK 35
>gnl|CDD|240967 cd12523, RRM2_MRN1, RNA recognition motif 2 of RNA-binding
protein MRN1 and similar proteins. This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM2 of MRN1, also termed multicopy
suppressor of RSC-NHP6 synthetic lethality protein 1,
or post-transcriptional regulator of 69 kDa, which is a
RNA-binding protein found in yeast. Although its
specific biological role remains unclear, MRN1 might be
involved in translational regulation. Members in this
family contain four copies of conserved RNA recognition
motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or
RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 78
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 10/35 (28%), Positives = 19/35 (54%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDK 79
N++I +LP +S+ +L FG + K+ +K
Sbjct: 5 NVYIGNLPESYSEEELREDLEKFGPIDQIKIVKEK 39
>gnl|CDD|238139 cd00227, CPT, Chloramphenicol (Cm) phosphotransferase (CPT).
Cm-inactivating enzyme; modifies the primary (C-3)
hydroxyl of the antibiotic. Related structurally to
shikimate kinase II.
Length = 175
Score = 27.9 bits (62), Expect = 1.2
Identities = 16/58 (27%), Positives = 20/58 (34%), Gaps = 12/58 (20%)
Query: 31 VGSSGK-------QLTGPE-----GANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVF 76
S+GK Q E G + FI LP + DA+ F G V F
Sbjct: 10 GSSAGKSSIARALQSVLAEPWLHFGVDSFIEALPLKCQDAEGGIEFDGDGGVSPGPEF 67
>gnl|CDD|240909 cd12463, RRM_G3BP1, RNA recognition motif found in ras
GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM
of G3BP1, also termed ATP-dependent DNA helicase VIII
(DH VIII), or GAP SH3 domain-binding protein 1, which
has been identified as a phosphorylation-dependent
endoribonuclease that interacts with the SH3 domain of
RasGAP, a multi-functional protein controlling Ras
activity. The acidic RasGAP binding domain of G3BP1
harbors an arsenite-regulated phosphorylation site and
dominantly inhibits stress granule (SG) formation.
G3BP1 also contains an N-terminal nuclear transfer
factor 2 (NTF2)-like domain, an RNA recognition motif
(RRM domain), and an Arg-Gly-rich region (RGG-rich
region, or arginine methylation motif). The RRM domain
and RGG-rich region are canonically associated with RNA
binding. G3BP1 co-immunoprecipitates with mRNAs. It
binds to and cleaves the 3'-untranslated region
(3'-UTR) of the c-myc mRNA in a
phosphorylation-dependent manner. Thus, G3BP1 may play
a role in coupling extra-cellular stimuli to mRNA
stability. It has been shown that G3BP1 is a novel
Dishevelled-associated protein that is methylated upon
Wnt3a stimulation and that arginine methylation of
G3BP1 regulates both Ctnnb1 mRNA and canonical
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Furthermore, G3BP1 can be
associated with the 3'-UTR of beta-F1 mRNA in
cytoplasmic RNA-granules, demonstrating that G3BP1 may
specifically repress the translation of the transcript.
Length = 80
Score = 26.8 bits (59), Expect = 1.4
Identities = 12/52 (23%), Positives = 25/52 (48%), Gaps = 3/52 (5%)
Query: 41 PEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
P+ LF+ +LP + ++L F +G V+ ++ + FG ++F
Sbjct: 1 PDSHQLFVGNLPHDVDKSELKEFFQQYGNVVELRI---NSGGKLPNFGFVVF 49
>gnl|CDD|241085 cd12641, RRM_TRA2B, RNA recognition motif in Transformer-2
protein homolog beta (TRA-2 beta) and similar proteins.
This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of TRA2-beta or
TRA-2-beta, also termed splicing factor,
arginine/serine-rich 10 (SFRS10), or transformer-2
protein homolog B, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila
transformer-2 (Tra2). TRA2-beta is a
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that controls the
pre-mRNA alternative splicing of the
calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the
survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) protein and the tau
protein. It contains a well conserved RNA recognition
motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or
RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and
C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions. TRA2-beta
specifically binds to two types of RNA sequences, the
CAA and (GAA)2 sequences, through the RRMs in different
RNA binding modes. .
Length = 89
Score = 26.9 bits (59), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
L ++ L ++ DL +F +G + + D+Q+ RS+ F + F
Sbjct: 12 LGVFGLSLYTTERDLREVFSKYGPIADVSIVYDQQSRRSRGFAFVYF 58
>gnl|CDD|240832 cd12386, RRM2_hnRNPM_like, RNA recognition motif 2 in
heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM2 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M
(hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2
or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA
binding protein that may play an important role in the
pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to
poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able
to interact with early spliceosomes, further
influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. It
functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen
(CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK
signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another
splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2
receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate
alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic
manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual
hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and
arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a
sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding
protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from
the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein
(MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP
gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M.
It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible
for its ssDNA binding activity. .
Length = 74
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 12/47 (25%), Positives = 22/47 (46%), Gaps = 1/47 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+F+ +L + L +F G V+ A + DK+ S+ G + F
Sbjct: 1 IFVANLDYKVGWKKLKEVFKLAGKVVRADIKEDKEGK-SRGMGVVQF 46
>gnl|CDD|241031 cd12587, RRM1_PSF, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
polypyrimidine tract-binding protein
(PTB)-associated-splicing factor (PSF). This subgroup
corresponds to the RRM1 of PSF, also termed proline-
and glutamine-rich splicing factor, or 100 kDa
DNA-pairing protein (POMp100), or 100 kDa subunit of
DNA-binding p52/p100 complex, a multifunctional protein
that mediates diverse activities in the cell. It is
ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved in
vertebrates. PSF binds not only RNA but also both
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA
(dsDNA) and facilitates the renaturation of
complementary ssDNAs. Besides, it promotes the
formation of D-loops in superhelical duplex DNA, and is
involved in cell proliferation. PSF can also interact
with multiple factors. It is an RNA-binding component
of spliceosomes and binds to insulin-like growth factor
response element (IGFRE). PSF functions as a
transcriptional repressor interacting with Sin3A and
mediating silencing through the recruitment of histone
deacetylases (HDACs) to the DNA binding domain (DBD) of
nuclear hormone receptors. Additionally, PSF is an
essential pre-mRNA splicing factor and is dissociated
from PTB and binds to U1-70K and serine-arginine (SR)
proteins during apoptosis. PSF forms a heterodimer with
the nuclear protein p54nrb, also known as non-POU
domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO). The
PSF/p54nrb complex displays a variety of functions,
such as DNA recombination and RNA synthesis,
processing, and transport. PSF contains two conserved
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
which are responsible for interactions with RNA and for
the localization of the protein in speckles. It also
contains an N-terminal region rich in proline, glycine,
and glutamine residues, which may play a role in
interactions recruiting other molecules. .
Length = 71
Score = 26.4 bits (58), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 14/45 (31%), Positives = 24/45 (53%), Gaps = 6/45 (13%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTI 90
LF+ +LP + ++ + +F +G +VFI N+ K FG I
Sbjct: 4 LFVGNLPADITEDEFKKLFAKYGE--PGEVFI----NKGKGFGFI 42
>gnl|CDD|215382 PLN02712, PLN02712, arogenate dehydrogenase.
Length = 667
Score = 28.0 bits (62), Expect = 1.5
Identities = 11/22 (50%), Positives = 13/22 (59%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGP 66
NLF+ HLP +F MFGP
Sbjct: 468 NLFLQHLPQDFDILCTHPMFGP 489
>gnl|CDD|180054 PRK05396, tdh, L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase; Validated.
Length = 341
Score = 27.9 bits (63), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 18/29 (62%), Gaps = 5/29 (17%)
Query: 48 IYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFG----TVLS 72
++ +P + D DLA++F PFG T LS
Sbjct: 132 VWKIPDDIPD-DLAAIFDPFGNAVHTALS 159
>gnl|CDD|241203 cd12759, RRM1_MSI1, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding
protein Musashi homolog 1 (Musashi-1) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of
Musashi-1. The mammalian MSI1 gene encoding Musashi-1
(also termed Msi1) is a neural RNA-binding protein
putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS)
stem cells and neural progenitor cells and associated
with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells.
Musashi-1 is evolutionarily conserved from
invertebrates to vertebrates. It is a homolog of
Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous
system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1). Musashi-1 has
been implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell
state, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It
translationally regulates the expression of a mammalian
numb gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of
mRNA of Numb, encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor
of Notch signaling, and further influences neural
development. Moreover, it represses translation by
interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and
competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation
factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-1 contains two conserved
N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also
termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains
of unknown function. .
Length = 77
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 17/48 (35%), Positives = 22/48 (45%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFM 93
+FI L + + L FG FG V V D RS+ FG + FM
Sbjct: 3 MFIGGLSWQTTQEGLREYFGQFGEVKECLVMRDPLTKRSRGFGFVTFM 50
>gnl|CDD|240882 cd12436, RRM1_2_MATR3_like, RNA recognition motif 1 and 2 in the
matrin 3 family of nuclear proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of the matrin 3 family of
nuclear proteins consisting of Matrin 3 (MATR3),
nuclear protein 220 (NP220) and similar proteins. MATR3
is a highly conserved inner nuclear matrix protein that
has been implicated in various biological processes.
NP220 is a large nucleoplasmic DNA-binding protein that
binds to cytidine-rich sequences, such as CCCCC (G/C),
in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Both, Matrin 3 and
NP220, contain two RNA recognition motif (RRM), also
termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), and a Cys2-His2 zinc
finger-like motif at the C-terminal region. .
Length = 76
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 12/43 (27%), Positives = 21/43 (48%), Gaps = 5/43 (11%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPP-EFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCF 87
+ + +LP +++A+L + PFG V NR+K F
Sbjct: 3 VRLSNLPEGGYTEAELLKLAEPFGKVDHYIFL----PNRNKAF 41
>gnl|CDD|240840 cd12394, RRM1_RBM34, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding
protein 34 (RBM34) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM34, a putative
RNA-binding protein containing two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). Although the
function of RBM34 remains unclear currently, its RRM
domains may participate in mRNA processing. RBM34 may
act as an mRNA processing-related protein. .
Length = 91
Score = 26.8 bits (60), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 9/28 (32%), Positives = 14/28 (50%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLS 72
+F+ +LP DL +F FG + S
Sbjct: 2 TVFVGNLPLTTKKKDLKKLFKQFGPIES 29
>gnl|CDD|240786 cd12340, RBD_RRM1_NPL3, RNA recognition motif 1 in yeast
nucleolar protein 3 (Npl3p) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Npl3p, also termed
mitochondrial targeting suppressor 1 protein, or
nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 1. Npl3p is
a major yeast RNA-binding protein that competes with
3'-end processing factors, such as Rna15, for binding
to the nascent RNA, protecting the transcript from
premature termination and coordinating transcription
termination and the packaging of the fully processed
transcript for export. It specifically recognizes a
class of G/U-rich RNAs. Npl3p is a multi-domain protein
containing two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), separated by a short
linker and a C-terminal domain rich in glycine,
arginine and serine residues. .
Length = 67
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 8/25 (32%), Positives = 16/25 (64%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTV 70
L++ PP+ S++ + +F P+G V
Sbjct: 2 LYVRPFPPDTSESAIREIFSPYGAV 26
>gnl|CDD|241077 cd12633, RRM1_FCA, RNA recognition motif 1 in plant flowering
time control protein FCA and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of FCA, a gene
controlling flowering time in Arabidopsis, encoding a
flowering time control protein that functions in the
posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved
in the flowering process. FCA contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domains),
and a WW protein interaction domain. .
Length = 80
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 10/41 (24%), Positives = 19/41 (46%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKC 86
LF+ +P ++ ++ MF G VL + DK+ +
Sbjct: 2 LFVGSVPRTITEQEVRPMFEEHGNVLEVAIIKDKRTGHQQG 42
>gnl|CDD|227885 COG5598, COG5598, Trimethylamine:corrinoid methyltransferase
[Coenzyme metabolism].
Length = 526
Score = 27.7 bits (62), Expect = 1.9
Identities = 26/74 (35%), Positives = 33/74 (44%), Gaps = 7/74 (9%)
Query: 5 VTLAAMTGAGTMSPTALSG-LASSNAAV--GSSGKQLTGPEGANLFIYHLPPEFSDADLA 61
V + AG MSP L+G L NA V G + QL P GA + +Y S+ D+
Sbjct: 271 VVVTPFALAGAMSPVTLAGALVQQNAEVLAGVALAQLVRP-GAPV-VYGTFT--SNVDMK 326
Query: 62 SMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
S FGT A
Sbjct: 327 SGAPAFGTPEPALA 340
>gnl|CDD|241025 cd12581, RRM2_hnRNPA2B1, RNA recognition motif 2 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of hnRNP A2/B1, an RNA trafficking response
element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP
A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin
basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic
basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII),
microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid
precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1.
hnRNP A2/B1 also functions as a splicing factor that
regulates alternative splicing of the tumor
suppressors, such as BIN1, WWOX, the antiapoptotic
proteins c-FLIP and caspase-9B, the insulin receptor
(IR), and the RON proto-oncogene among others.
Overexpression of hnRNP A2/B1 has been described in
many cancers. It functions as a nuclear matrix protein
involving in RNA synthesis and the regulation of
cellular migration through alternatively splicing
pre-mRNA. It may play a role in tumor cell
differentiation. hnRNP A2/B1 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
followed by a long glycine-rich region at the
C-terminus. .
Length = 80
Score = 26.6 bits (58), Expect = 2.0
Identities = 10/47 (21%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ + + + L F +G + + ++ D+Q+ + + FG + F
Sbjct: 3 LFVGGIKEDTEEHHLRDYFEEYGKIDTIEIITDRQSGKKRGFGFVTF 49
>gnl|CDD|240846 cd12400, RRM_Nop6, RNA recognition motif in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae nucleolar protein 6 (Nop6) and similar
proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of
Nop6, also known as Ydl213c, a component of 90S
pre-ribosomal particles in yeast S. cerevisiae. It is
enriched in the nucleolus and is required for 40S
ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Nop6 is a non-essential
putative RNA-binding protein with two N-terminal
putative nuclear localisation sequences (NLS-1 and
NLS-2) and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain). It binds to the pre-rRNA early during
transcription and plays an essential role in pre-rRNA
processing. .
Length = 74
Score = 26.2 bits (58), Expect = 2.3
Identities = 13/40 (32%), Positives = 22/40 (55%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSK 85
LF+ +LP + + DL + F G S ++ DK+ +SK
Sbjct: 3 LFVGNLPYDTTAEDLLAHFKNAGAPPSVRLLTDKKTGKSK 42
>gnl|CDD|240763 cd12317, RRM4_RBM19_RRM3_MRD1, RNA recognition motif 4 in
RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and RNA recognition
motif 3 in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing
protein 1 (MRD1). This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM4 of RBM19 and the RRM3 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed
RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein
conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis
by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation
development. It has a unique domain organization
containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel
yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is
well conserved in yeast and its homologues exist in all
eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the
nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA
(pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1
is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2
cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5
conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural
role in organizing specific rRNA processing events. .
Length = 72
Score = 25.6 bits (57), Expect = 2.8
Identities = 6/25 (24%), Positives = 15/25 (60%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTV 70
+ + +LP ++ +L +F FG++
Sbjct: 3 ILVKNLPFGTTEEELRELFEKFGSL 27
>gnl|CDD|240874 cd12428, RRM_PARN, RNA recognition motif in poly(A)-specific
ribonuclease PARN and similar proteins. The subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of PARN, also termed
deadenylating nuclease, or deadenylation nuclease, or
polyadenylate-specific ribonuclease, a processive
poly(A)-specific 3'-exoribonuclease involved in the
decay of eukaryotic mRNAs. It specifically binds both,
the poly(A) tail at the 3' end and the
7-methylguanosine (m7G) cap located at the 5' end of
eukaryotic mRNAs, and catalyzes the 3'- to 5'-end
deadenylation of single-stranded mRNA with a free 3'
hydroxyl group both in the nucleus and in the
cytoplasm. PARN belongs to the DEDD superfamily of
exonucleases. It contains a nuclease domain, an RNA
recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding
domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and an R3H
domain. PARN exists as a homodimer. The nuclease domain
is involved in the dimerization. RRM and R3H domains
are essential for the RNA-binding. .
Length = 65
Score = 25.7 bits (57), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 9/26 (34%), Positives = 14/26 (53%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTV 70
++F P E+ DL +F PFG +
Sbjct: 3 HVFHLTFPKEWKTNDLLQLFSPFGGI 28
>gnl|CDD|241079 cd12635, RRM2_CELF3_4_5_6, RNA recognition motif 2 in CUGBP
Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6
and similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM2 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, and CELF-6, all of
which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors
(CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding
proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic
localizations and have been implicated in the
regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of
mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed
in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like
protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or
CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal
abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1
(ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4,
or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein
(TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis
of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains):
two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the
N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the
third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the
protein. The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is
mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2.
The divergent linker region might mediate the
interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating
its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4,
being highly expressed throughout the brain and in
glandular tissues, moderately expressed in heart,
skeletal muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like
protein 4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor
4. Like CELF-3, CELF-4 also contain three highly
conserved RRMs. The splicing activation or repression
activity of CELF-4 on some specific substrates is
mediated by its RRM1/RRM2. On the other hand, both RRM1
and RRM2 of CELF-4 can activate cardiac troponin T
(cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is
also known as bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or
CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its
biological role remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same
domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6, being strongly
expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is also known
as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and
ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon inclusion of a
cardiac troponin T minigene in transient transfection
assays in a muscle-specific splicing enhancer
(MSE)-dependent manner and can activate inclusion via
multiple copies of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also
promotes skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a
known target of CELF activity that is expressed in
kidney. In addition to three highly conserved RRMs,
CELF-6 also possesses numerous potential
phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear localization
signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an alanine-rich
region within the divergent linker region. .
Length = 81
Score = 25.9 bits (57), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 9/25 (36%), Positives = 16/25 (64%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTV 70
LF+ L + ++ D+ +F PFGT+
Sbjct: 4 LFVGMLSKQQTEDDVRRLFEPFGTI 28
>gnl|CDD|241086 cd12642, RRM_TRA2A, RNA recognition motif in transformer-2
protein homolog alpha (TRA-2 alpha) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of
TRA2-alpha or TRA-2-alpha, also termed transformer-2
protein homolog A, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila
transformer-2 (Tra2). TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa
serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein (SRp40) that
specifically binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone
(GnRH) exonic splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is
necessary for enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It
strongly stimulates GnRH intron A excision in a
dose-dependent manner. In addition, TRA2-alpha can
interact with either 9G8 or SRp30c, which may also be
crucial for ESE-dependent GnRH pre-mRNA splicing.
TRA2-alpha contains a well conserved RNA recognition
motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or
RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and
C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions. .
Length = 79
Score = 26.1 bits (57), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 11/39 (28%), Positives = 20/39 (51%)
Query: 56 SDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMR 94
++ DL +F +G + V D++ RS+ F + F R
Sbjct: 12 TERDLREVFSRYGPLAGVNVVYDQRTGRSRGFAFVYFER 50
>gnl|CDD|240673 cd12227, RRM_SCAF4_SCAF8, RNA recognition motif in SR-related and
CTD-associated factor 4 (SCAF4), SR-related and
CTD-associated factor 8 (SCAF8) and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in a new class of
SCAFs (SR-like CTD-associated factors), including
SCAF4, SCAF8 and similar proteins. The biological role
of SCAF4 remains unclear, but it shows high sequence
similarity to SCAF8 (also termed CDC5L
complex-associated protein 7, or RNA-binding motif
protein 16, or CTD-binding SR-like protein RA8). SCAF8
is a nuclear matrix protein that interacts specifically
with a highly serine-phosphorylated form of the
carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of
RNA polymerase II (pol II). The pol II CTD plays a role
in coupling transcription and pre-mRNA processing. In
addition, SCAF8 co-localizes primarily with
transcription sites that are enriched in nuclear matrix
fraction, which is known to contain proteins involved
in pre-mRNA processing. Thus, SCAF8 may play a direct
role in coupling with both, transcription and pre-mRNA
processing, processes. SCAF8 and SCAF4 both contain a
conserved N-terminal CTD-interacting domain (CID), an
atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD
(RNA binding domain) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein
domain), and serine/arginine-rich motifs.
Length = 77
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 3.1
Identities = 9/30 (30%), Positives = 18/30 (60%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
L+I HL + ++ DL ++F +G + S +
Sbjct: 5 LWIGHLSKKVTEEDLKNLFEEYGEIQSIDM 34
>gnl|CDD|241206 cd12762, RRM1_hnRNPA2B1, RNA recognition motif 1 in heterogeneous
nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) and
similar proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the
RRM1 of hnRNP A2/B1 which is an RNA trafficking
response element-binding protein that interacts with
the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such
as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated
oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase
II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and
amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP
A2/B1. hnRNP A2/B1 also functions as a splicing factor
that regulates alternative splicing of the tumor
suppressors, such as BIN1, WWOX, the antiapoptotic
proteins c-FLIP and caspase-9B, the insulin receptor
(IR), and the RON proto-oncogene among others.
Moreover, the overexpression of hnRNP A2/B1 has been
described in many cancers. It functions as a nuclear
matrix protein involving in RNA synthesis and the
regulation of cellular migration through alternatively
splicing pre-mRNA. It may play a role in tumor cell
differentiation. hnRNP A2/B1 contains two RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
followed by a long glycine-rich region at the
C-terminus. .
Length = 81
Score = 25.8 bits (56), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 14/47 (29%), Positives = 23/47 (48%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LFI L E ++ L + + +G + V D + RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 5 LFIGGLSFETTEESLRNYYEQWGKLTDCVVMRDPASKRSRGFGFVTF 51
>gnl|CDD|240736 cd12290, RRM1_LARP7, RNA recognition motif 1 in La-related
protein 7 (LARP7) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM1 of LARP7, also termed La
ribonucleoprotein domain family member 7, or
P-TEFb-interaction protein for 7SK stability (PIP7S),
an oligopyrimidine-binding protein that binds to the
highly conserved 3'-terminal U-rich stretch (3'
-UUU-OH) of 7SK RNA. LARP7 is a stable component of the
7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (7SK snRNP). It
intimately associates with all the nuclear 7SK and is
required for 7SK stability. LARP7 also acts as a
negative transcriptional regulator of cellular and
viral polymerase II genes, acting by means of the 7SK
snRNP system. It plays an essential role in the
inhibition of positive transcription elongation factor
b (P-TEFb)-dependent transcription, which has been
linked to the global control of cell growth and
tumorigenesis. LARP7 contains a La motif (LAM) and an
RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA
binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), at
the N-terminal region, which mediates binding to the
U-rich 3' terminus of 7SK RNA. LARP7 also carries
another putative RRM domain at its C-terminus. .
Length = 80
Score = 25.8 bits (57), Expect = 3.3
Identities = 13/51 (25%), Positives = 22/51 (43%), Gaps = 8/51 (15%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFID----KQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+++ LP + L ++F +GTV V++ K K F I F
Sbjct: 2 VYVECLPKNATHEWLKAVFSKYGTV----VYVSLPRYKHTGDIKGFAFIEF 48
>gnl|CDD|240843 cd12397, RRM2_Nop13p_fungi, RNA recognition motif 2 in yeast
nucleolar protein 13 (Nop13p) and similar proteins.
This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop13p
encoded by YNL175c from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It
shares high sequence similarity with nucleolar protein
12 (Nop12p). Both Nop12p and Nop13p are not essential
for growth. However, unlike Nop12p that is localized to
the nucleolus, Nop13p localizes primarily to the
nucleolus but is also present in the nucleoplasm to a
lesser extent. Nop13p contains two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). .
Length = 73
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 3.4
Identities = 11/47 (23%), Positives = 24/47 (51%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ +L E ++ +L + FG G + ++ + + + K F + F
Sbjct: 1 LFVGNLSFETTEDELRAHFGRVGRIRRVRMMTFEDSGKCKGFAFVDF 47
>gnl|CDD|240719 cd12273, RRM1_NEFsp, RNA recognition motif 1 in vertebrate
putative RNA exonuclease NEF-sp. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM1 of NEF-sp., including
uncharacterized putative RNA exonuclease NEF-sp found
in vertebrates. Although its cellular functions remains
unclear, NEF-sp contains an exonuclease domain and two
RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains),
suggesting it may possess both exonuclease and
RNA-binding activities. .
Length = 71
Score = 25.5 bits (56), Expect = 3.4
Identities = 6/25 (24%), Positives = 10/25 (40%)
Query: 51 LPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
P F +D+ +F G V +
Sbjct: 7 FPTSFCLSDVKRLFETCGPVRKVTM 31
>gnl|CDD|215144 PLN02256, PLN02256, arogenate dehydrogenase.
Length = 304
Score = 26.5 bits (59), Expect = 3.8
Identities = 10/22 (45%), Positives = 11/22 (50%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGP 66
NL + LP EF MFGP
Sbjct: 135 NLLLQVLPEEFDILCTHPMFGP 156
>gnl|CDD|241204 cd12760, RRM1_MSI2, RNA recognition motif 1 in RNA-binding
protein Musashi homolog 2 (Musashi-2 ) and similar
proteins. This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of
Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) which has been identified
as a regulator of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)
compartment and of leukemic stem cells after
transplantation of cells with loss and gain of function
of the gene. It influences proliferation and
differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and
further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes
aggressive myeloid leukemia. Musashi-2 contains two
conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs
(RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains
of unknown function. .
Length = 76
Score = 25.4 bits (55), Expect = 3.8
Identities = 15/47 (31%), Positives = 20/47 (42%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
+FI L + S L F FG + V D RS+ FG + F
Sbjct: 2 MFIGGLSWQTSPDSLRDYFSKFGEIRECMVMRDPTTKRSRGFGFVTF 48
>gnl|CDD|240711 cd12265, RRM_SLT11, RNA recognition motif of pre-mRNA-splicing
factor SLT11 and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of SLT11, also known as
extracellular mutant protein 2, or synthetic lethality
with U2 protein 11, and is a splicing factor required
for spliceosome assembly in yeast. It contains a
conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain). SLT11 can facilitate the cooperative formation
of U2/U6 helix II in association with stem II in the
yeast spliceosome by utilizing its RNA-annealing and
-binding activities. .
Length = 86
Score = 25.4 bits (56), Expect = 4.5
Identities = 10/41 (24%), Positives = 18/41 (43%), Gaps = 5/41 (12%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKC 86
F++ + + + + F FG S V N+R+KC
Sbjct: 5 FFLFGVEDDLPEYKIRDYFEQFGKSKSVIV-----NHRAKC 40
>gnl|CDD|241059 cd12615, RRM1_TIA1, RNA recognition motif 1 in nucleolysin TIA-1
isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins. This
subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of TIA-1, the 40-kDa
isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1
(TIA-1) and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding
protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic
lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a
serine/threonine kinase that is activated during
Fas-mediated apoptosis, and functions as the granule
component responsible for inducing apoptosis in
cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of
three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a
glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a
lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs
containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2
can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich
RNAs. .
Length = 74
Score = 25.4 bits (55), Expect = 4.8
Identities = 11/42 (26%), Positives = 21/42 (50%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCF 87
L++ +L + ++A + +F G S K+ +D N CF
Sbjct: 2 LYVGNLSRDVTEALILQLFSQIGPCKSCKMIMDTAGNDPYCF 43
>gnl|CDD|240766 cd12320, RRM6_RBM19_RRM5_MRD1, RNA recognition motif 6 in
RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19 or RBD-1) and RNA
recognition motif 5 in multiple RNA-binding
domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1). This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM6 of RBM19 and RRM5 of MRD1.
RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a
nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes. It is
involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and
is essential for preimplantation development. It has a
unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA
recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA
binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).
MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple
RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and
its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present
in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with
the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small
nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the
initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the
35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which
may play an important structural role in organizing
specific rRNA processing events. .
Length = 76
Score = 24.9 bits (55), Expect = 5.5
Identities = 14/50 (28%), Positives = 26/50 (52%), Gaps = 1/50 (2%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRK 95
L + ++P E + +L +F PFG V S ++ K + + F + F+ K
Sbjct: 3 LIVRNVPFEATKKELRELFSPFGQVKSVRL-PKKFDGSHRGFAFVEFVTK 51
>gnl|CDD|240794 cd12348, RRM1_SHARP, RNA recognition motif 1 in
SMART/HDAC1-associated repressor protein (SHARP) and
similar proteins. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM1 of SHARP, also termed Msx2-interacting protein
(MINT), or SPEN homolog, an estrogen-inducible
transcriptional repressor that interacts directly with
the nuclear receptor corepressor SMRT, histone
deacetylases (HDACs) and components of the NuRD
complex. SHARP recruits HDAC activity and binds to the
steroid receptor RNA coactivator SRA through four
conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains), further suppressing
SRA-potentiated steroid receptor transcription
activity. Thus, SHARP has the capacity to modulate both
liganded and nonliganded nuclear receptors. SHARP also
has been identified as a component of transcriptional
repression complexes in Notch/RBP-Jkappa signaling
pathways. In addition to the N-terminal RRMs, SHARP
possesses a C-terminal SPOC domain (Spen paralog and
ortholog C-terminal domain), which is highly conserved
among Spen proteins. .
Length = 75
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 5.7
Identities = 8/31 (25%), Positives = 17/31 (54%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKV 75
+L++ +LP + ++ F +G V S K+
Sbjct: 1 HLWVGNLPENVREERISEHFKRYGRVESVKI 31
>gnl|CDD|240683 cd12237, RRM_snRNP35, RNA recognition motif found in U11/U12
small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 35 kDa protein
(U11/U12-35K) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K, also termed
protein HM-1, or U1 snRNP-binding protein homolog, and
is one of the components of the U11/U12 snRNP, which is
a subunit of the minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome
required for splicing U12-type nuclear pre-mRNA
introns. U11/U12-35K is highly conserved among
bilateria and plants, but lacks in some organisms, such
as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans.
Moreover, U11/U12-35K shows significant sequence
homology to U1 snRNP-specific 70 kDa protein (U1-70K or
snRNP70). It contains a conserved RNA recognition motif
(RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent
glycine-rich region, and Arg-Asp and Arg-Glu dipeptide
repeats rich domain, making U11/U12-35K a possible
functional analog of U1-70K. It may facilitate 5'
splice site recognition in the minor spliceosome and
play a role in exon bridging, interacting with
components of the major spliceosome bound to the
pyrimidine tract of an upstream U2-type intron. The
family corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K that may
directly contact the U11 or U12 snRNA through the RRM
domain.
Length = 93
Score = 25.3 bits (56), Expect = 6.0
Identities = 9/47 (19%), Positives = 21/47 (44%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
LF+ L + ++ L +F +G + ++ D SK + + +
Sbjct: 6 LFVGRLSLQTTEETLREVFSRYGDIRRLRLVRDIVTGFSKGYAFVEY 52
>gnl|CDD|215249 PLN02454, PLN02454, triacylglycerol lipase.
Length = 414
Score = 26.3 bits (58), Expect = 6.1
Identities = 12/40 (30%), Positives = 19/40 (47%), Gaps = 2/40 (5%)
Query: 76 FIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIFMRKFFILTIRFDTANDYLGQSFL 115
F + QN SK G + + F + + A+DY +FL
Sbjct: 47 FNNDQN--SKYCGASRYGKSSFFDKVMLEAASDYEVAAFL 84
>gnl|CDD|217188 pfam02689, Herpes_Helicase, Helicase. This family consists of
Helicases from the Herpes viruses. Helicases are
responsible for the unwinding of DNA and are essential
for replication and completion of the viral life cycle.
Length = 801
Score = 26.1 bits (58), Expect = 6.3
Identities = 8/31 (25%), Positives = 13/31 (41%), Gaps = 2/31 (6%)
Query: 93 MRKFFILTIRFDTANDYLGQSFLKPSFNTYV 123
++ F+ R+ G F F+TYV
Sbjct: 591 LKDIFLS--RYAILQRLFGGEFADAPFSTYV 619
>gnl|CDD|241130 cd12686, RRM1_PTBPH1_PTBPH2, RNA recognition motif 1 in plant
polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 1 and 2
(PTBPH1 and PTBPH2). This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM1 of PTBPH1 and PTBPH2. Although their biological
roles remain unclear, PTBPH1 and PTBPH2 show
significant sequence similarity to polypyrimidine tract
binding protein (PTB) that is an important negative
regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells
and also functions at several other aspects of mRNA
metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization,
polyadenylation, and translation. Both, PTBPH1 and
PTBPH2, contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRM),
also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP
(ribonucleoprotein domain). .
Length = 81
Score = 24.9 bits (54), Expect = 6.5
Identities = 10/39 (25%), Positives = 22/39 (56%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRS 84
L + +LP E ++ +L + PFG +++ K + N++
Sbjct: 5 LHLRNLPWECTEEELIELCKPFGKIVNTKCNVGANRNQA 43
>gnl|CDD|240755 cd12309, RRM2_Spen, RNA recognition motif 2 in the Spen (split
end) protein family. This subfamily corresponds to the
RRM2 domain in the Spen (split end) protein family
which includes RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15),
putative RNA binding motif protein 15B (RBM15B), and
similar proteins found in Metazoa. RBM15, also termed
one-twenty two protein 1 (OTT1), conserved in
eukaryotes, is a novel mRNA export factor and component
of the NXF1 pathway. It binds to NXF1 and serves as
receptor for the RNA export element RTE. It also
possess mRNA export activity and can facilitate the
access of DEAD-box protein DBP5 to mRNA at the nuclear
pore complex (NPC). RNA-binding protein 15B (RBM15B),
also termed one twenty-two 3 (OTT3), is a paralog of
RBM15 and therefore has post-transcriptional regulatory
activity. It is a nuclear protein sharing with RBM15
the association with the splicing factor compartment
and the nuclear envelope as well as the binding to mRNA
export factors NXF1 and Aly/REF. Members in this family
belong to the Spen (split end) protein family, which
share a domain architecture comprising of three
N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as
RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein
domain), and a C-terminal SPOC (Spen paralog and
ortholog C-terminal) domain. .
Length = 79
Score = 25.1 bits (55), Expect = 6.8
Identities = 7/27 (25%), Positives = 13/27 (48%)
Query: 45 NLFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVL 71
LF+ +L ++ +L F +G V
Sbjct: 4 TLFVGNLEITITEEELRRAFERYGVVE 30
>gnl|CDD|226290 COG3767, COG3767, Uncharacterized low-complexity protein
[Function unknown].
Length = 95
Score = 24.9 bits (54), Expect = 7.8
Identities = 15/48 (31%), Positives = 23/48 (47%), Gaps = 4/48 (8%)
Query: 1 MQNLVTLAAMTGAGTMSPTALSG--LASSNAAVG--SSGKQLTGPEGA 44
M+ L T AA+ GA + A++ S++ AVG SG + A
Sbjct: 1 MKKLATAAALAGALLLGAAAVAQAENKSASFAVGALKSGHGVCAASKA 48
>gnl|CDD|176258 cd08298, CAD2, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 329
Score = 25.6 bits (57), Expect = 9.3
Identities = 5/18 (27%), Positives = 10/18 (55%)
Query: 47 FIYHLPPEFSDADLASMF 64
F Y +P ++ D + A +
Sbjct: 133 FAYPIPEDYDDEEAAPLL 150
>gnl|CDD|240677 cd12231, RRM2_U2AF65, RNA recognition motif 2 found in U2 large
nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor U2AF 65 kDa
subunit (U2AF65) and similar proteins. This subfamily
corresponds to the RRM2 of U2AF65 and dU2AF50. U2AF65,
also termed U2AF2, is the large subunit of U2 small
nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) auxiliary factor
(U2AF), which has been implicated in the recruitment of
U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs and is a highly conserved
heterodimer composed of large and small subunits.
U2AF65 specifically recognizes the intron
polypyrimidine tract upstream of the 3' splice site and
promotes binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA
branchpoint. U2AF65 also plays an important role in the
nuclear export of mRNA. It facilitates the formation of
a messenger ribonucleoprotein export complex,
containing both the NXF1 receptor and the RNA
substrate. Moreover, U2AF65 interacts directly and
specifically with expanded CAG RNA, and serves as an
adaptor to link expanded CAG RNA to NXF1 for RNA
export. U2AF65 contains an N-terminal RS domain rich in
arginine and serine, followed by a proline-rich segment
and three C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs),
also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs
(ribonucleoprotein domains). The N-terminal RS domain
stabilizes the interaction of U2 snRNP with the branch
point (BP) by contacting the branch region, and further
promotes base pair interactions between U2 snRNA and
the BP. The proline-rich segment mediates
protein-protein interactions with the RRM domain of the
small U2AF subunit (U2AF35 or U2AF1). The RRM1 and RRM2
are sufficient for specific RNA binding, while RRM3 is
responsible for protein-protein interactions. The
family also includes Splicing factor U2AF 50 kDa
subunit (dU2AF50), the Drosophila ortholog of U2AF65.
dU2AF50 functions as an essential pre-mRNA splicing
factor in flies. It associates with intronless mRNAs
and plays a significant and unexpected role in the
nuclear export of a large number of intronless mRNAs.
Length = 77
Score = 24.5 bits (54), Expect = 9.4
Identities = 10/43 (23%), Positives = 18/43 (41%)
Query: 46 LFIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFG 88
+FI LP S+ + + FG + + + D SK +
Sbjct: 3 IFIGGLPNYLSEDQVKELLESFGKLKAFNLVKDSATGLSKGYA 45
>gnl|CDD|240841 cd12395, RRM2_RBM34, RNA recognition motif 2 in RNA-binding
protein 34 (RBM34) and similar proteins. This
subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM34, a putative
RNA-binding protein containing two RNA recognition
motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains)
or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). Although the
function of RBM34 remains unclear currently, its RRM
domains may participate in mRNA processing. RBM34 may
act as an mRNA processing-related protein. .
Length = 73
Score = 24.4 bits (54), Expect = 9.6
Identities = 12/46 (26%), Positives = 24/46 (52%)
Query: 47 FIYHLPPEFSDADLASMFGPFGTVLSAKVFIDKQNNRSKCFGTIIF 92
F+ +LP + + +L F G V + ++ D++ K FG ++F
Sbjct: 3 FVGNLPFDIEEEELRKHFEDCGDVEAVRIVRDRKTGIGKGFGYVLF 48
Database: CDD.v3.10
Posted date: Mar 20, 2013 7:55 AM
Number of letters in database: 10,937,602
Number of sequences in database: 44,354
Lambda K H
0.322 0.136 0.392
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0783 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 44354
Number of Hits to DB: 6,370,808
Number of extensions: 558594
Number of successful extensions: 770
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 766
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 218
Length of query: 128
Length of database: 10,937,602
Length adjustment: 86
Effective length of query: 42
Effective length of database: 7,123,158
Effective search space: 299172636
Effective search space used: 299172636
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.4 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.9 bits)
S2: 53 (24.1 bits)