>TIGR00978 asd_EA aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; InterPro: IPR005676 Bacteria, plants and fungi metabolise aspartic acid to produce four amino acids - lysine, threonine, methionine and isoleucine - in a series of reactions known as the aspartate pathway. Additionally, several important metabolic intermediates are produced by these reactions, such as diaminopimelic acid, an essential component of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis, and dipicolinic acid, which is involved in sporulation in Gram-positive bacteria. Members of the animal kingdom do not posses this pathway and must therefore acquire these essential amino acids through their diet. Research into improving the metabolic flux through this pathway has the potential to increase the yield of the essential amino acids in important crops, thus improving their nutritional value. Additionally, since the enzymes are not present in animals, inhibitors of them are promising targets for the development of novel antibiotics and herbicides. For more information see . Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, the second enzyme in the aspartate pathway, converts aspartyl phosphate to aspartate-semialdehyde, the branch point intermediate between the lysine and threonine/methionine pathways. Based on sequence alignments, the aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase family appears to have two distinct subgroups, one found in most bacteria (Gram-positve and Gram-negative), while the other is found primarily in organisms lacking peptidoglycan (archaea,fungi and some bacteria). Most studies have been performed on enzymes isolated from Gram-negative bacteria , , , . The N-terminal domain forms the active site and NADP-binding pocket, while C-terminal domain is primarily involved in hydrophobic intersubunit contacts. The catalytic mechanism involves the formation of a covalent thioester acyl-enzyme intermediate mediated through nucleophilic attack by an active site cysteine residue on the substrate aspartyl phosphate. Release of inorganic phosphate is followed by hydride transfer from NADPH to yield the product. The recently described archaeal structure suggests that the two subgroups of aspartate semi-aldehyde dehydrogenase share similar structures and have an identical catalytic mechanism, despite their relatively low sequence identity . Unlike the bacterial enzymes, the archaeal enzyme utilised both NAD and NADP as cofactor. This entry represents the subgroup of aspartate dehydrogenases found primarily in organisms lacking peptidoglycan. In addition to its role in aspartate metabolism, the enzyme from Sulfolobus solfataricus has been shown recently to exhibit RNase activity, suggesting that these enzymes may perform additional cellular functions .; GO: 0004073 aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity, 0009086 methionine biosynthetic process, 0009088 threonine biosynthetic process.

Probab=100.00 E-value=0 Score=541.44 Aligned_cols=301 Identities=41% Similarity=0.596 Sum_probs=274.6 Q ss_pred EEEEEECCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHCCCC-EEEEEEE-ECCCCCCEEE--------------ECCCCEEEEEECCHH----HH Q ss_conf 17999816677899999999744998-0789999-7476587560--------------027815899877943----63 Q gi|254780307|r 3 FKVAVVGATGNVGREMLNIICERGFP-ISEVVAL-ASERSAGTKV--------------PFGKETIDVQDVKSY----DF 62 (335) Q Consensus 3 ~kvaIiGatG~vG~el~~lL~~~~~p-~~~l~~~-~s~~~~G~~i--------------~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----~~ 62 (335) T Consensus 1 ~~VavLGaTG~VGq~f~~lL~~H--Pr~Fe~~~v~AS~~saGk~Yge~~~W~~~~~g~~Pe~~~dl~i~~~~p~ri~~d~ 78 (358) T TIGR00978 1 VRVAVLGATGLVGQKFVKLLEKH--PRYFELAKVVASERSAGKRYGEVVKWREILSGDIPEEVRDLEIVETEPVRIAEDH 78 (358) T ss_pred CEEEEEECCCHHHHHHHHHHHHC--CCEEEEEEEEECCCCCCCCHHHHHHHCCCCCCCCCHHHCCCEEECCCCCEEEECC T ss_conf 96899706554689999997526--9812288988368655767445430121236858432347654134743356617 Q ss_pred CCCCEEEECCCHHHHHHHHHHHCCCCEEEEECCCCHHCCCCCCCCCCCHHHHHHCCCCCCC--------EECCCCCCCCC Q ss_conf 1884786068758999999750456517996145100112111236410111110333431--------21267643222 Q gi|254780307|r 63 SDTDICLMSAGHAVSSQMSPKIAANGCIVIDNSSAWRYDSDVPLIVPEVNPQTISLASRKN--------IIANPNCSTIQ 134 (335) Q Consensus 63 ~~~Divf~a~p~~~s~~~~~~~~~~g~~VIDlS~~~R~~~d~p~~lPein~~~i~~~~~~~--------~VanPgC~at~ 134 (335) T Consensus 79 ~dVD~vfSALp~~~A~~~E~~la~~G~~VfSNAs~~RmdpdVPli~PEVN~~hL~l~~~Q~~RrgW~G~ivtNPNC~t~~ 158 (358) T TIGR00978 79 KDVDIVFSALPSEVAEEVEPKLAEEGIIVFSNASAHRMDPDVPLIVPEVNSDHLELLKVQKERRGWKGFIVTNPNCTTAG 158 (358) T ss_pred CCCEEEEECCCHHHHHHHHHHHHHCCCEEEECCCCCCCCCCCCEEECCCCHHHHHHHHHCCCCCCCCCEEEECCHHHHHH T ss_conf 98269981499799999999998569889876847788888677833356147999985400168861799576167887 Q ss_pred CCCCCCHHHHCCCCCCEEEEECCCCCCCCCCCCCCHHHHHHHHCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCHHHH Q ss_conf 11122001101787411465215221123211000000000000124554444551013740422553234720000110 Q gi|254780307|r 135 LVVALKPLHDLAMIKRVVVTTYQSVSGAGKKGIDELLAQTKAFLAKKTIENRVFTKNIAFNVIPHIDVFMDGGSTKEEWK 214 (335) Q Consensus 135 ~~l~L~PL~~~~~i~~v~v~s~~g~SGaG~~~~~eL~~q~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~la~n~iP~i~~~~~~g~~~ee~k 214 (335) T Consensus 159 lTl~LkPl~d~~~~~~V~v~TmQAvSGAGY~GVp~--------------------~~I~dN~iP~I~--------GEE~K 210 (358) T TIGR00978 159 LTLALKPLIDAFGIKKVIVTTMQAVSGAGYPGVPS--------------------MDILDNVIPHIG--------GEEEK 210 (358) T ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHCCCCCEEEEEEECCHHCCCCCCCCH--------------------HHHHCCCCCCCC--------CHHHH T ss_conf 76101346430584569998720001488888754--------------------555336165506--------33589 Q ss_pred EEEEEEEEE-CC---------CCCCCCCCEEEEEEECCEEEEEEEECCCCCHHHHHHHHHHCC--------------CCE Q ss_conf 112100010-23---------432211200112110215798767246587899987310069--------------838 Q gi|254780307|r 215 VLVETQKIL-DP---------NIKVSCTAARVPVFIGHAESVNIEFEKDISIKDAVAAINKSK--------------GCI 270 (335) Q Consensus 215 ~~~E~~kil-~~---------~~~v~~t~~~vPv~rG~~~ti~i~l~~~~~~~~i~~~~~~~~--------------~~~ 270 (335) T Consensus 211 Ie~E~~KilsGkl~~g~~~PA~~~~~at~~RVPV~~GHt~~v~v~~~~~~d~~EI~~~~~~f~~~Pq~l~lP~~P~~p~~ 290 (358) T TIGR00978 211 IERETLKILSGKLENGKIEPAEFEVSATTTRVPVLDGHTESVHVEFDKKFDIEEIREALKSFRGLPQKLGLPSAPEKPII 290 (358) T ss_pred HHHHHHHHHCCCCCCCEEEEECCEEEEEEEECCCCCCCEEEEEEEECCCCCHHHHHHHHHHCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCEE T ss_conf 87621333344003884642044068998744411164699999866877989999999840677642577988695379 Q ss_pred EECCCCCCCCCCHHH-----HCCCCCEEEEEEEECCCCCCEEEEEEEECCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Q ss_conf 810268899976154-----348973267527763668886999997013022367999999999885 Q gi|254780307|r 271 VVDKPDKNEYITPVE-----SIRRDLVFVSRIRKDPTLKSGLNLWIVANNLRKGAALNAVQIAELVAQ 333 (335) Q Consensus 271 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-----~~g~~~v~Vgrvr~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~DNL~kGAAg~AVq~anlm~~ 333 (335) T Consensus 291 ~~d~edrPQPrlD~~nGGsa~~~GM~V~vGRlr~~~~f~~~l~~VVLghNLVRGAAG~~lLnaEl~~~ 358 (358) T TIGR00978 291 VRDEEDRPQPRLDRDNGGSAAGKGMAVTVGRLREDSGFRGSLKYVVLGHNLVRGAAGATLLNAELAYK 358 (358) T ss_pred EECCCCCCCCHHHHCCCCCCCCCCCEEEEEEEEECCCCCCCEEEEEEECCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHC T ss_conf 87588678504420258621268967897536434355551137997233125888999999998609

HHsearch alignment for GI: 254780307 and conserved domain: TIGR00978