RPS-BLAST 2.2.22 [Sep-27-2009]
Database: CddA
21,609 sequences; 6,263,737 total letters
Searching..................................................done
Query= gi|254780290|ref|YP_003064703.1| quinone oxidoreductase
[Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus str. psy62]
(332 letters)
>gnl|CDD|176180 cd05276, p53_inducible_oxidoreductase, PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase. PIG3 p53-inducible quinone
oxidoreductase, a medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family member, acts in the apoptotic pathway. PIG3
reduces ortho-quinones, but its apoptotic activity has
been attributed to oxidative stress generation, since
overexpression of PIG3 accumulates reactive oxygen
species. PIG3 resembles the MDR family member quinone
reductases, which catalyze the reduction of quinone to
hydroxyquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 506 bits (1305), Expect = e-144
Identities = 169/324 (52%), Positives = 223/324 (68%), Gaps = 1/324 (0%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + + G V+ L E P P P E+LI+V A GVNR D++QR+GLYPPP A+ I
Sbjct: 1 MKAIVIKEPGGPEVLELGEVPKPAPGPGEVLIRVAAAGVNRADLLQRQGLYPPPPGASDI 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASL 126
LGLEVAG +V +G T W +GD VCAL+ GGGYAEY + G LP+P+G + ++AA+L
Sbjct: 61 LGLEVAGVVVAVGPGVTGWKVGDRVCALLAGGGYAEYVVVPAGQLLPVPEGLSLVEAAAL 120
Query: 127 PESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLAC 186
PE FFT W NLFQ L++G+TVLIHGG+SG+GT AIQLA GA V TA SEEK AC
Sbjct: 121 PEVFFTAWQNLFQLGGLKAGETVLIHGGASGVGTAAIQLAKALGARVIATAGSEEKLEAC 180
Query: 187 LKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFL 246
LGA AINY EDF E +++ T GRG+D+ILDMVG +YL ++L L+ +G+L++I L
Sbjct: 181 RALGADVAINYRTEDFAEEVKEATGGRGVDVILDMVGGDYLARNLRALAPDGRLVLIGLL 240
Query: 247 GGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTV 306
GG A E++L P++ KR+T+TGSTLR R+ K ++ + + +WPL S I PVI V
Sbjct: 241 GGAKA-ELDLAPLLRKRLTLTGSTLRSRSLEEKAALAAAFREHVWPLFASGRIRPVIDKV 299
Query: 307 LPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
PL + A AH ME +EHIGKI+L
Sbjct: 300 FPLEEAAEAHRRMESNEHIGKIVL 323
>gnl|CDD|30949 COG0604, Qor, NADPH:quinone reductase and related Zn-dependent
oxidoreductases [Energy production and conversion /
General function prediction only].
Length = 326
Score = 284 bits (727), Expect = 3e-77
Identities = 124/330 (37%), Positives = 183/330 (55%), Gaps = 8/330 (2%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ V + +G V+ + E P P+P E+L++V+A GVN DV+ R+GL PP + I
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVVEEFGGPEVLKVVEVPEPEPGPGEVLVRVKAAGVNPIDVLVRQGLAPPVRPLPFI 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALV---NGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQA 123
G E AG +V +G T + +GD V AL GGYAEY + +P+P G + +A
Sbjct: 61 PGSEAAGVVVAVGSGVTGFKVGDRVAALGGVGRDGGYAEYVVVPADWLVPLPDGLSFEEA 120
Query: 124 ASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKC 183
A+LP + T W LF A L+ G+TVL+HG + G+G+ AIQLA GATV S EK
Sbjct: 121 AALPLAGLTAWLALFDRAGLKPGETVLVHGAAGGVGSAAIQLAKALGATVVAVVSSSEKL 180
Query: 184 LACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIII 243
+LGA H INY +EDF+E +++ T G+G+D++LD VG + L L+ G+L+ I
Sbjct: 181 ELLKELGADHVINYREEDFVEQVRELTGGKGVDVVLDTVGGDTFAASLAALAPGGRLVSI 240
Query: 244 SFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVI 303
L G +NL P++ KR+T+ G TL R A +++ LL S + PVI
Sbjct: 241 GALSGGPPVPLNLLPLLGKRLTLRGVTLGSRDPEALAEALA----ELFDLLASGKLKPVI 296
Query: 304 HTVLPLGKVAMA-HDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
V PL + A ++ + GK++L
Sbjct: 297 DRVYPLAEAPAAAAHLLLERRTTGKVVLKV 326
>gnl|CDD|176203 cd08241, QOR1, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). QOR catalyzes the
conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone +
NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts in the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 323
Score = 251 bits (644), Expect = 2e-67
Identities = 113/333 (33%), Positives = 172/333 (51%), Gaps = 20/333 (6%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKE-EILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLY---PPPKN 62
M+ V G + L E P P+P E+ I+VEA GVN PD++ +G Y PP
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVCKELGGPEDLVLEEVP-PEPGAPGEVRIRVEAAGVNFPDLLMIQGKYQVKPPL-- 57
Query: 63 ANP-ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
P + G EVAG + +GE T + +GD V AL GG+AE + P+P G +
Sbjct: 58 --PFVPGSEVAGVVEAVGEGVTGFKVGDRVVALTGQGGFAEEVVVPAAAVFPLPDGLSFE 115
Query: 122 QAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEE 181
+AA+LP ++ T + L + A L+ G+TVL+ G + G+G A+QLA GA V A SEE
Sbjct: 116 EAAALPVTYGTAYHALVRRARLQPGETVLVLGAAGGVGLAAVQLAKALGARVIAAASSEE 175
Query: 182 KCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLI 241
K LGA H I+Y D E ++ T GRG+D++ D VG + L L+ G+L+
Sbjct: 176 KLALARALGADHVIDYRDPDLRERVKALTGGRGVDVVYDPVGGDVFEASLRSLAWGGRLL 235
Query: 242 IISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITG----STLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSH 297
+I F G I I N ++ K I++ G + RR ++ + ++ + ++ LL
Sbjct: 236 VIGFASGEIPQ-IPANLLLLKNISVVGVYWGAYARREPELLRANLAE-----LFDLLAEG 289
Query: 298 VIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
I P + V PL + A A + + GK++L
Sbjct: 290 KIRPHVSAVFPLEQAAEALRALADRKATGKVVL 322
>gnl|CDD|176227 cd08266, Zn_ADH_like1, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group contains proteins related to the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. However, while
the group has structural zinc site characteristic of
these enzymes, it lacks the consensus site for a
catalytic zinc. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 342
Score = 248 bits (635), Expect = 2e-66
Identities = 114/355 (32%), Positives = 180/355 (50%), Gaps = 42/355 (11%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ V + G+G V+ + P P+P +E+L++V+A +N D+ R+G+ I
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVIRGHGGPEVLEYGDLPEPEPGPDEVLVRVKAAALNHLDLWVRRGMPGIKLPLPHI 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGG---GYAEYCLS--------------HQG 109
LG + AG + +G T+ G V ++ G G EYCL+ H
Sbjct: 61 LGSDGAGVVEAVGPGVTNVKPGQRV--VIYPGISCGRCEYCLAGRENLCAQYGILGEHVD 118
Query: 110 HT------------LPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG 157
LPIP + +AA+ P +F T W L A LR G+TVL+HG SG
Sbjct: 119 GGYAEYVAVPARNLLPIPDNLSFEEAAAAPLTFLTAWHMLVTRARLRPGETVLVHGAGSG 178
Query: 158 IGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDI 217
+G+ AIQ+A FGATV TA SE+K +LGA + I+Y KEDF+ +++ T RG+D+
Sbjct: 179 VGSAAIQIAKLFGATVIATAGSEDKLERAKELGADYVIDYRKEDFVREVRELTGKRGVDV 238
Query: 218 ILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDI 277
+++ VGA + L L++ G+L+ G A I+L + ++++I GST+ + ++
Sbjct: 239 VVEHVGAATWEKSLKSLARGGRLVTCGATTGYEA-PIDLRHVFWRQLSILGSTMGTKAEL 297
Query: 278 AKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
+ L+ + PVI +V PL + A AH +E E GKI+L P
Sbjct: 298 D----------EALRLVFRGKLKPVIDSVFPLEEAAEAHRRLESREQFGKIVLTP 342
>gnl|CDD|176229 cd08268, MDR2, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 328
Score = 232 bits (594), Expect = 9e-62
Identities = 115/340 (33%), Positives = 164/340 (48%), Gaps = 26/340 (7%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
MR V +G V+ + E P+P P E+LI+VEAIG+NR D M R+G Y P
Sbjct: 1 MRAVRFHQFGGPEVLRIEELPVPAPGAGEVLIRVEAIGLNRADAMFRRGAYIEPPPLPAR 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCA-----LVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
LG E AG + +G T + +GD V L G YAEY L + +P G + +
Sbjct: 61 LGYEAAGVVEAVGAGVTGFAVGDRVSVIPAADLGQYGTYAEYALVPAAAVVKLPDGLSFV 120
Query: 122 QAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEE 181
+AA+L + T + L + A LR G +VLI SS +G AIQ+A+ GATV T ++ E
Sbjct: 121 EAAALWMQYLTAYGALVELAGLRPGDSVLITAASSSVGLAAIQIANAAGATVIATTRTSE 180
Query: 182 KCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLI 241
K A L LGA H I +ED + + + T G+G+D++ D VG + L+ G L+
Sbjct: 181 KRDALLALGAAHVIVTDEEDLVAEVLRITGGKGVDVVFDPVGGPQFAKLADALAPGGTLV 240
Query: 242 IISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTL---------RRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWP 292
+ L G + K +T G +L RRR A I D
Sbjct: 241 VYGALSGEPTPFPLKAA-LKKSLTFRGYSLDEITLDPEARRR---AIAFILD-------- 288
Query: 293 LLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
L S + PV+ V P + AH +E + IGKI++ P
Sbjct: 289 GLASGALKPVVDRVFPFDDIVEAHRYLESGQQIGKIVVTP 328
>gnl|CDD|176215 cd08253, zeta_crystallin, Zeta-crystallin with NADP-dependent
quinone reductase activity (QOR). Zeta-crystallin is a
eye lens protein with NADP-dependent quinone reductase
activity (QOR). It has been cited as a structural
component in mammalian eyes, but also has homology to
quinone reductases in unrelated species. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 222 bits (568), Expect = 1e-58
Identities = 103/332 (31%), Positives = 164/332 (49%), Gaps = 13/332 (3%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
MR + +G +V+ L + P+P P E+L++V A GVN D R G YP +
Sbjct: 1 MRAIRYHEFGAPDVLRLGDLPVPTPGPGEVLVRVHASGVNPVDTYIRAGAYPGLPPLPYV 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNG------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNA 120
G + AG + +GE +GD V L N G AEY + +P+P G +
Sbjct: 61 PGSDGAGVVEAVGEGVDGLKVGDRV-WLTNLGWGRRQGTAAEYVVVPADQLVPLPDGVSF 119
Query: 121 IQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSE 180
Q A+L T + LF A ++G+TVL+HGGS +G A+QLA + GA V TA S
Sbjct: 120 EQGAALGIPALTAYRALFHRAGAKAGETVLVHGGSGAVGHAAVQLARWAGARVIATASSA 179
Query: 181 EKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKL 240
E + GA NY ED + + T G+G+D+I++++ L + L +L+ G++
Sbjct: 180 EGAELVRQAGADAVFNYRAEDLADRILAATAGQGVDVIIEVLANVNLAKDLDVLAPGGRI 239
Query: 241 IIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIA 300
++ G + I +NP+++K +I G L T + + +++ L +
Sbjct: 240 VVYG--SGGLRGTIPINPLMAKEASIRGVLLYTATPEERAAAAEAIA----AGLADGALR 293
Query: 301 PVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
PVI PL + A AH+ +E IGK++L P
Sbjct: 294 PVIAREYPLEEAAAAHEAVESGGAIGKVVLDP 325
>gnl|CDD|176233 cd08272, MDR6, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 326
Score = 218 bits (558), Expect = 1e-57
Identities = 109/340 (32%), Positives = 161/340 (47%), Gaps = 32/340 (9%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + + +G V L E P PQP ++L++V A GVN D R+G I
Sbjct: 1 MKALVLESFGGPEVFELREVPRPQPGPGQVLVRVHASGVNPLDTKIRRGGAAARPPLPAI 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNG-----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
LG +VAG + +GE T + +GDEV G G AEY + P +
Sbjct: 61 LGCDVAGVVEAVGEGVTRFRVGDEVYGCAGGLGGLQGSLAEYAVVDARLLALKPANLSMR 120
Query: 122 QAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEE 181
+AA+LP T W L A +++GQTVLIHGG+ G+G A+QLA GA VY TA SE+
Sbjct: 121 EAAALPLVGITAWEGLVDRAAVQAGQTVLIHGGAGGVGHVAVQLAKAAGARVYATASSEK 180
Query: 182 KCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLI 241
A LGA I Y +E +E + + T GRG D++ D VG E L+ ++ G+++
Sbjct: 181 AAFAR-SLGADPIIYY-RETVVEYVAEHTGGRGFDVVFDTVGGETLDASFEAVALYGRVV 238
Query: 242 IISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITI----------TGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIW 291
I LGG +L P+ + T TG +I +++ R
Sbjct: 239 SI--LGG---ATHDLAPLSFRNATYSGVFTLLPLLTGEGRAHHGEILREAAR-------- 285
Query: 292 PLLNSHVIAPVIH-TVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
L+ + P++ PL + A AH +E GKI++
Sbjct: 286 -LVERGQLRPLLDPRTFPLEEAAAAHARLESGSARGKIVI 324
>gnl|CDD|176191 cd05289, MDR_like_2, alcohol dehydrogenase and quinone
reductase-like medium chain degydrogenases/reductases.
Members identified as zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases and quinone oxidoreductase. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 309
Score = 214 bits (548), Expect = 2e-56
Identities = 106/329 (32%), Positives = 158/329 (48%), Gaps = 25/329 (7%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPP-PKNANP 65
M+ V + YG V+ LA+ P P+P E+L+KV A GVN D+ R+GL P
Sbjct: 1 MKAVRIHEYGGPEVLELADVPTPEPGPGEVLVKVHAAGVNPVDLKIREGLLKAAFPLTLP 60
Query: 66 -ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVN---GGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
I G +VAG +V +G T + +GDEV + GG YAEY + P +
Sbjct: 61 LIPGHDVAGVVVAVGPGVTGFKVGDEVFGMTPFTRGGAYAEYVVVPADELALKPANLSFE 120
Query: 122 QAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEE 181
+AA+LP + T W LF+ L++GQTVLIHG + G+G+ A+QLA GA V TA +
Sbjct: 121 EAAALPLAGLTAWQALFELGGLKAGQTVLIHGAAGGVGSFAVQLAKARGARVIATASAAN 180
Query: 182 KCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLI 241
LGA I+Y K DF ++ G+D +LD VG E L + L L+ G+
Sbjct: 181 ADFL-RSLGADEVIDYTKGDF----ERAAAPGGVDAVLDTVGGETLARSLALVKPGGR-- 233
Query: 242 IISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAP 301
++S G A + + + ++A+ L+ + + P
Sbjct: 234 LVSIAGPPPAEQAAKRRGVRAGFVFVEPDGEQLAELAE-------------LVEAGKLRP 280
Query: 302 VIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
V+ V PL A AH+ +E GK++L
Sbjct: 281 VVDRVFPLEDAAEAHERLESGHARGKVVL 309
>gnl|CDD|176189 cd05286, QOR2, Quinone oxidoreductase (QOR). Quinone
oxidoreductase (QOR) and 2-haloacrylate reductase. QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. 2-haloacrylate reductase,
a member of this subgroup, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in
organohalogen compounds. Although similar to QOR,
Burkholderia 2-haloacrylate reductase does not act on
the quinones 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 320
Score = 206 bits (527), Expect = 8e-54
Identities = 102/330 (30%), Positives = 155/330 (46%), Gaps = 19/330 (5%)
Query: 10 VAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGL 69
V + G V+ + P+P+P E+L++ AIGVN D R GLYP P +LG+
Sbjct: 3 VRIHKTGGPEVLEYEDVPVPEPGPGEVLVRNTAIGVNFIDTYFRSGLYPLPLPF--VLGV 60
Query: 70 EVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPES 129
E AG + +G T + +GD V G YAEY + + +P G + AA+L
Sbjct: 61 EGAGVVEAVGPGVTGFKVGDRVAYAGPPGAYAEYRVVPASRLVKLPDGISDETAAALLLQ 120
Query: 130 FFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKL 189
T L +T ++ G TVL+H + G+G Q A GATV T SEEK
Sbjct: 121 GLTAHYLLRETYPVKPGDTVLVHAAAGGVGLLLTQWAKALGATVIGTVSSEEKAELARAA 180
Query: 190 GAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGN 249
GA H INY EDF+E +++ T GRG+D++ D VG + L L G ++SF GN
Sbjct: 181 GADHVINYRDEDFVERVREITGGRGVDVVYDGVGKDTFEGSLDSLRPRG--TLVSF--GN 236
Query: 250 I---ATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTL----RRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPV 302
+L + + +T +L R ++ ++ ++ + S +
Sbjct: 237 ASGPVPPFDLLRLSKGSLFLTRPSLFHYIATREELLARAAE------LFDAVASGKLKVE 290
Query: 303 IHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
I PL A AH +E + GK++L+P
Sbjct: 291 IGKRYPLADAAQAHRDLESRKTTGKLLLIP 320
>gnl|CDD|36412 KOG1198, KOG1198, KOG1198, Zinc-binding oxidoreductase [Energy
production and conversion, General function prediction
only].
Length = 347
Score = 201 bits (512), Expect = 2e-52
Identities = 112/343 (32%), Positives = 169/343 (49%), Gaps = 16/343 (4%)
Query: 3 ICKKMRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKN 62
+ K R +S G V+F E PIP+P+ E+LIKV A+ +N D+ R G Y P
Sbjct: 2 VKKIRRVSLVSPPGGGEVLFSEEVPIPEPEDGEVLIKVVAVALNPIDLKIRNGYYSPIPL 61
Query: 63 AN------PILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTT-HWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIP 115
G V G + +G++ W GD V A ++ GG AEY + + + IP
Sbjct: 62 GREFPGIIGRDGSGVVGAVESVGDDVVGGWVHGDAVVAFLSSGGLAEYVVVPEKLLVKIP 121
Query: 116 KGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTA------NLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYF 169
+ + +AA+LP + T + LFQ A L G++VL+ GGS G+GT AIQLA +
Sbjct: 122 ESLSFEEAAALPLAALTALSALFQLAPGKRSKKLSKGKSVLVLGGSGGVGTAAIQLAKHA 181
Query: 170 GATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQ 229
GA TA S+EK KLGA ++Y E+ +E+++K T G+D++LD VG L +
Sbjct: 182 GAIKVVTACSKEKLELVKKLGADEVVDYKDENVVELIKKYTGK-GVDVVLDCVGGSTLTK 240
Query: 230 HLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIIS-KRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQL 288
L+ L K G I +G +A + S I + L+ + + L
Sbjct: 241 SLSCLLKGGGGAYIGLVGDELANYKLDDLWQSANGIKLYSLGLKGVNYRWLYFVPSAEYL 300
Query: 289 K-IWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
K + L+ I PVI +V P + A + +EKS GK++L
Sbjct: 301 KALVELIEKGKIKPVIDSVYPFSQAKEAFEKLEKSHATGKVVL 343
>gnl|CDD|176236 cd08275, MDR3, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 199 bits (508), Expect = 1e-51
Identities = 100/341 (29%), Positives = 167/341 (48%), Gaps = 20/341 (5%)
Query: 8 RHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPIL 67
R V ++G+G + + + + +P+P E+ ++VEA G+N D+M R+GLY +
Sbjct: 1 RAVVLTGFGGLDKLKVEKEALPEPSSGEVRVRVEACGLNFADLMARQGLYDSAPKPPFVP 60
Query: 68 GLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLP 127
G E AG + +GE + +GD V L GGYAE P+P G + +AA+ P
Sbjct: 61 GFECAGTVEAVGEGVKDFKVGDRVMGLTRFGGYAEVVNVPADQVFPLPDGMSFEEAAAFP 120
Query: 128 ESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLAS-YFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLAC 186
++ T + LF+ NLR GQ+VL+H + G+G A QL TV TA S K A
Sbjct: 121 VNYLTAYYALFELGNLRPGQSVLVHSAAGGVGLAAGQLCKTVPNVTVVGTA-SASKHEAL 179
Query: 187 LKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISF- 245
+ G H I+Y +D++E ++K + G+DI+LD +G E + LL G+L++
Sbjct: 180 KENGVTHVIDYRTQDYVEEVKKIS-PEGVDIVLDALGGEDTRKSYDLLKPMGRLVVYGAA 238
Query: 246 ------------LGGNIATEINLNPI--ISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIW 291
L ++P+ IS+ ++ G L + ++ + + K+
Sbjct: 239 NLVTGEKRSWFKLAKKWWNRPKVDPMKLISENKSVLGFNLGWLFE--ERELLTEVMDKLL 296
Query: 292 PLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
L I P I +V P +V A ++ ++IGK++L P
Sbjct: 297 KLYEEGKIKPKIDSVFPFEEVGEAMRRLQSRKNIGKVVLTP 337
>gnl|CDD|176228 cd08267, MDR1, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 190 bits (485), Expect = 5e-49
Identities = 94/325 (28%), Positives = 146/325 (44%), Gaps = 20/325 (6%)
Query: 15 YGKSNVM--FLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPP--PKNANPILGLE 70
YG V+ E PIP P+ E+L+KV A VN D R+G + PI G++
Sbjct: 6 YGSPEVLLLLEVEVPIPTPKPGEVLVKVHAASVNPVDWKLRRGPPKLLLGRPFPPIPGMD 65
Query: 71 VAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVN---GGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLP 127
AG++V +G T + +GDEV + GG AEY ++ + P+G + +AA+LP
Sbjct: 66 FAGEVVAVGSGVTRFKVGDEVFGRLPPKGGGALAEYVVAPESGLAKKPEGVSFEEAAALP 125
Query: 128 ESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACL 187
+ T L ++ GQ VLI+G S G+GT A+Q+A GA V S
Sbjct: 126 VAGLTALQALRDAGKVKPGQRVLINGASGGVGTFAVQIAKALGAHVTGVC-STRNAELVR 184
Query: 188 KLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQ--HLTLLSKEGKLIIISF 245
LGA I+Y EDF+ G D+I D VG + L G+ + +
Sbjct: 185 SLGADEVIDYTTEDFVA---LTAGGEKYDVIFDAVGNSPFSLYRASLALKPGGRYVSVGG 241
Query: 246 LGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHT 305
+ L ++ +T+ G R + +AK + D QL + + PVI +
Sbjct: 242 GPSGL-----LLVLLLLPLTLGGGGRRLKFFLAKPNAEDLEQLAEL--VEEGKLKPVIDS 294
Query: 306 VLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
V PL A+ ++ GK+++
Sbjct: 295 VYPLEDAPEAYRRLKSGRARGKVVI 319
>gnl|CDD|176179 cd05195, enoyl_red, enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Putative enoyl reductase of polyketide synthase.
Polyketide synthases produce polyketides in step by step
mechanism that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl
reductase reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin
is one example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex
enzymes (megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase
(ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 293
Score = 186 bits (475), Expect = 7e-48
Identities = 87/315 (27%), Positives = 149/315 (47%), Gaps = 42/315 (13%)
Query: 35 EILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCAL 94
E+ ++V+A G+N DV+ GL P + LGLE +G + +G T +GD V L
Sbjct: 2 EVEVEVKAAGLNFRDVLVALGLLPGDETP---LGLECSGIVTRVGSGVTGLKVGDRVMGL 58
Query: 95 VNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGG 154
G +A + + IP + +AA+LP ++ T + L A L+ G++VLIH
Sbjct: 59 APGA-FATHVRVDARLVVKIPDSLSFEEAATLPVAYLTAYYALVDLARLQKGESVLIHAA 117
Query: 155 SSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKE-------------- 200
+ G+G AIQLA + GA V+ T SEEK +L+E
Sbjct: 118 AGGVGQAAIQLAQHLGAEVFATVGSEEK------------REFLRELGGPVDHIFSSRDL 165
Query: 201 DFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLN-PI 259
F + + + T GRG+D++L+ + E L L+ G+ + I +I + L
Sbjct: 166 SFADGILRATGGRGVDVVLNSLSGELLRASWRCLAPFGRFVEIG--KRDILSNSKLGMRP 223
Query: 260 ISKRITITG----STLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMA 315
+ ++ + R R ++ ++ +R+ L+ LL + V+ P+ TV+P A
Sbjct: 224 FLRNVSFSSVDLDQLARERPELLRELLREVLE-----LLEAGVLKPLPPTVVPSASEIDA 278
Query: 316 HDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
+M+ +HIGK++L
Sbjct: 279 FRLMQSGKHIGKVVL 293
>gnl|CDD|176178 cd05188, MDR, Medium chain reductase/dehydrogenase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
The medium chain reductase/dehydrogenases
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH) , quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines. Other MDR members have only
a catalytic zinc, and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 271
Score = 185 bits (472), Expect = 1e-47
Identities = 95/269 (35%), Positives = 136/269 (50%), Gaps = 27/269 (10%)
Query: 35 EILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCAL 94
E+L++VEA G+ D+ R+G YPPP ILG E AG +V++G T +GD V L
Sbjct: 1 EVLVRVEAAGLCGTDLHIRRGGYPPPPKLPLILGHEGAGVVVEVGPGVTGVKVGDRVVVL 60
Query: 95 VNG-----------------------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFF 131
N GG+AEY + + +P+P G + +AA LPE
Sbjct: 61 PNLGCGTCELCRELCPGGGILGEGLDGGFAEYVVVPADNLVPLPDGLSLEEAALLPEPLA 120
Query: 132 TVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGA 191
T + L + L+ G TVL+ G G+G A QLA GA V T +S+EK +LGA
Sbjct: 121 TAYHALRRAGVLKPGDTVLVLGA-GGVGLLAAQLAKAAGARVIVTDRSDEKLELAKELGA 179
Query: 192 KHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNI 250
H I+Y +ED E L + T G G D+++D VG E L Q L LL G+++++ G
Sbjct: 180 DHVIDYKEEDLEEEL-RLTGGGGADVVIDAVGGPETLAQALRLLRPGGRIVVVGGTSGGP 238
Query: 251 ATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAK 279
+ L ++ K +TI GST R D +
Sbjct: 239 PLDD-LRRLLFKELTIIGSTGGTREDFEE 266
>gnl|CDD|176234 cd08273, MDR8, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 331
Score = 181 bits (461), Expect = 2e-46
Identities = 110/341 (32%), Positives = 166/341 (48%), Gaps = 26/341 (7%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
R V ++ G V+ + E+ +P+P E+++KVEA GV+ DV R+GLYP
Sbjct: 1 NREVVVTRRGGPEVLKVVEADLPEPAAGEVVVKVEASGVSFADVQMRRGLYPDQPPLPFT 60
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASL 126
G ++ G++ LG T + +GD V AL GG AEY + +P+P+G +A +A L
Sbjct: 61 PGYDLVGRVDALGSGVTGFEVGDRVAALTRVGGNAEYINLDAKYLVPVPEGVDAAEAVCL 120
Query: 127 PESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLAC 186
++ T + L + A + +GQ VLIHG S G+G ++LA GA VY TA SE A
Sbjct: 121 VLNYVTAYQMLHRAAKVLTGQRVLIHGASGGVGQALLELALLAGAEVYGTA-SERNHAAL 179
Query: 187 LKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFL 246
+LGA I+Y +D+L T G G+D++ D VG E + L+ G L+
Sbjct: 180 RELGATP-IDYRTKDWLP--AMLTPG-GVDVVFDGVGGESYEESYAALAPGGTLVCYGGN 235
Query: 247 GGNIATEINLNPIIS--------------KRITITGSTLRRRTDIA--KQSIRDSLQLKI 290
+ +L + S +R T R D +Q + + L
Sbjct: 236 SSLLQGRRSLAALGSLLARLAKLKLLPTGRRATFYYVWRDRAEDPKLFRQDLTELLD--- 292
Query: 291 WPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILL 331
LL I P I LPL +VA AH ++E + +GKI+LL
Sbjct: 293 --LLAKGKIRPKIAKRLPLSEVAEAHRLLESGKVVGKIVLL 331
>gnl|CDD|31264 COG1064, AdhP, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 339
Score = 175 bits (444), Expect = 2e-44
Identities = 106/357 (29%), Positives = 163/357 (45%), Gaps = 50/357 (14%)
Query: 5 KKMRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNAN 64
M+ + +G+ + + E P+P+P E+LIKVEA GV D+ KG +P PK
Sbjct: 2 MTMKAAVLKKFGQP--LEIEEVPVPEPGPGEVLIKVEACGVCHTDLHVAKGDWPVPK--L 57
Query: 65 P-ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV-----------C-------------ALVNG-- 97
P I G E+ G +V++GE T +GD V C + G
Sbjct: 58 PLIPGHEIVGTVVEVGEGVTGLKVGDRVGVGWLVISCGECEYCRSGNENLCPNQKITGYT 117
Query: 98 --GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGS 155
GGYAEY + + + IP+G + +AA L + T + L + AN++ G+ V + G+
Sbjct: 118 TDGGYAEYVVVPARYVVKIPEGLDLAEAAPLLCAGITTYRALKK-ANVKPGKWVAVV-GA 175
Query: 156 SGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
G+G A+Q A GA V +SEEK KLGA H IN D LE +++
Sbjct: 176 GGLGHMAVQYAKAMGAEVIAITRSEEKLELAKKLGADHVINSSDSDALEAVKEI-----A 230
Query: 216 DIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRT 275
D I+D VG L L L + G L+++ GG + +I K I+I GS + R
Sbjct: 231 DAIIDTVGPATLEPSLKALRRGGTLVLVGLPGGGPIPLLPAFLLILKEISIVGSLVGTRA 290
Query: 276 DIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
D+ + I P I +PL ++ A++ MEK + G+ ++
Sbjct: 291 DLE----------EALDFAAEGKIKPEILETIPLDEINEAYERMEKGKVRGRAVIDM 337
>gnl|CDD|176232 cd08271, MDR5, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 325
Score = 174 bits (443), Expect = 3e-44
Identities = 82/240 (34%), Positives = 123/240 (51%), Gaps = 5/240 (2%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + G + + L E IP P E+L+KV A G+N D P + +
Sbjct: 1 MKAWVLPKPGAALQLTLEEIEIPGPGAGEVLVKVHAAGLNPVDWKVIAWGPPAWSYPH-V 59
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVC---ALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQA 123
G++ AG +V +G T W +GD V +L GG +AEY + LP+P + +A
Sbjct: 60 PGVDGAGVVVAVGAKVTGWKVGDRVAYHASLARGGSFAEYTVVDARAVLPLPDSLSFEEA 119
Query: 124 ASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKC 183
A+LP + T + LF+ + +G+T+LI GG+ G+G+ A+QLA G V TT S+
Sbjct: 120 AALPCAGLTAYQALFKKLRIEAGRTILITGGAGGVGSFAVQLAKRAGLRVITTC-SKRNF 178
Query: 184 LACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIII 243
LGA H I+Y ED E +++ T GRG+D +LD VG E L+ G L+ I
Sbjct: 179 EYVKSLGADHVIDYNDEDVCERIKEITGGRGVDAVLDTVGGETAAALAPTLAFNGHLVCI 238
>gnl|CDD|36411 KOG1197, KOG1197, KOG1197, Predicted quinone oxidoreductase [Energy
production and conversion, General function prediction
only].
Length = 336
Score = 172 bits (437), Expect = 1e-43
Identities = 104/330 (31%), Positives = 166/330 (50%), Gaps = 12/330 (3%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLY-PPPKNANP 65
++ + ++ +G +V+ L + P+P P E+ IK +A G+N D+ RKGLY P P P
Sbjct: 9 LKCIVVTEFGGYDVLKLEDRPVPPPAPGELTIKNKACGLNFIDLYFRKGLYDPAPLPYTP 68
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAAS 125
G+E AG +V +GE T +GD V L G YAE +P+ +AA+
Sbjct: 69 --GMEAAGVVVAVGEGVTDRKVGDRVAYLNPFGAYAEEVTVPSVKVFKVPEAITLKEAAA 126
Query: 126 LPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLA 185
L T + LF+ N++ G TVL+H + G+G QL GA TA + EK
Sbjct: 127 LLLQGLTAYMLLFEAYNVKPGHTVLVHAAAGGVGLLLCQLLRAVGAHTIATASTAEKHEI 186
Query: 186 CLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISF 245
+ GA+H I+Y ED+++ ++K T G+G+D + D VG + + L L GK ++SF
Sbjct: 187 AKENGAEHPIDYSTEDYVDEVKKITNGKGVDAVYDSVGKDTFAKSLAALKPMGK--MVSF 244
Query: 246 LGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQL---KIWPLLNSHVIAPV 302
+ +PI +++ L R + + L +++ L+NS +
Sbjct: 245 GNASGLI----DPIPLNQLSPKALQLVRPSLLGYIDGEVELVSYVARLFALVNSGHLKIH 300
Query: 303 IHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
I V PL KVA AH +E + +GK++LLP
Sbjct: 301 IDHVYPLSKVADAHADIESRKTVGKVLLLP 330
>gnl|CDD|176237 cd08276, MDR7, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 336
Score = 166 bits (424), Expect = 6e-42
Identities = 101/332 (30%), Positives = 155/332 (46%), Gaps = 42/332 (12%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
L E P+P+P E+L++V A+ +N D++ G YPPP I + AG++V +GE
Sbjct: 17 LVEEPVPEPGPGEVLVRVHAVSLNYRDLLILNGRYPPPVKDPLIPLSDGAGEVVAVGEGV 76
Query: 83 THWNIGDEVCALVN-----------------GGGY----AEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
T + +GD V GG AEY + + + P +
Sbjct: 77 TRFKVGDRVVPTFFPNWLDGPPTAEDEASALGGPIDGVLAEYVVLPEEGLVRAPDHLSFE 136
Query: 122 QAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEE 181
+AA+LP + T W LF L+ G TVL+ G+ G+ A+Q A GA V T+ S+E
Sbjct: 137 EAATLPCAGLTAWNALFGLGPLKPGDTVLVQ-GTGGVSLFALQFAKAAGARVIATSSSDE 195
Query: 182 KCLACLK-LGAKHAINYLKE-DFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGK 239
K L K LGA H INY D+ E + K T GRG+D ++++ G L Q + ++ G
Sbjct: 196 K-LERAKALGADHVINYRTTPDWGEEVLKLTGGRGVDHVVEVGGPGTLAQSIKAVAPGGV 254
Query: 240 LIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIA---KQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNS 296
+ +I FL G + L P+++K T+ G IA + + + +
Sbjct: 255 ISLIGFLSG-FEAPVLLLPLLTKGATLRG--------IAVGSRAQFEAMNR-----AIEA 300
Query: 297 HVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKI 328
H I PVI V P + A+ +E H GK+
Sbjct: 301 HRIRPVIDRVFPFEEAKEAYRYLESGSHFGKV 332
>gnl|CDD|176205 cd08243, quinone_oxidoreductase_like_1, Quinone oxidoreductase
(QOR). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 320
Score = 166 bits (422), Expect = 9e-42
Identities = 95/337 (28%), Positives = 156/337 (46%), Gaps = 29/337 (8%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + + G V+ L E PIP+P+ +LI+V+A G+NR ++ R+G P K +
Sbjct: 1 MKAIVIEQPGGPEVLKLREIPIPEPKPGWVLIRVKAFGLNRSEIFTRQGHSPSVK-FPRV 59
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNG------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNA 120
LG+E G V+ + G V + G G YAEY L I +
Sbjct: 60 LGIEAVG-EVEEAP-GGTFTPGQRVATAMGGMGRTFDGSYAEYTLVPNEQVYAIDSDLSW 117
Query: 121 IQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSE 180
+ A+LPE+++T W +LF++ L+ G T+LI GG+S +G A++LA GATV T +S
Sbjct: 118 AELAALPETYYTAWGSLFRSLGLQPGDTLLIRGGTSSVGLAALKLAKALGATVTATTRSP 177
Query: 181 EKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKL 240
E+ +LGA + E L+ G D +L++VG L L L G
Sbjct: 178 ERAALLKELGADEVV-IDDGAIAEQLRAAPG--GFDKVLELVGTATLKDSLRHLRPGG-- 232
Query: 241 IIISFLG--GNIATEINLNPI----ISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLL 294
I+ G G T + NP+ +T+TGS+ D+ + +++ +
Sbjct: 233 -IVCMTGLLGGQWTLEDFNPMDDIPSGVNLTLTGSSS---GDVPQTPLQELFD-----FV 283
Query: 295 NSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILL 331
+ + V ++ AH ME + GK+++L
Sbjct: 284 AAGHLDIPPSKVFTFDEIVEAHAYMESNRAFGKVVVL 320
>gnl|CDD|176213 cd08251, polyketide_synthase, polyketide synthase. Polyketide
synthases produce polyketides in step by step mechanism
that is similar to fatty acid synthesis. Enoyl reductase
reduces a double to single bond. Erythromycin is one
example of a polyketide generated by 3 complex enzymes
(megasynthases). 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 303
Score = 156 bits (397), Expect = 6e-39
Identities = 92/308 (29%), Positives = 156/308 (50%), Gaps = 11/308 (3%)
Query: 28 IPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYP--PPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHW 85
+ P E+ I+V A +N D++ +GLYP PP P G E +G + +G + T
Sbjct: 2 VAPPGPGEVRIQVRAFSLNFGDLLCVRGLYPTMPPYPFTP--GFEASGVVRAVGPHVTRL 59
Query: 86 NIGDEVCALVNG--GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANL 143
+GDEV A GG+A + + P + +A +LP F TV + F A L
Sbjct: 60 AVGDEVIAGTGESMGGHATLVTVPEDQVVRKPASLSFEEACALPVVFLTVI-DAFARAGL 118
Query: 144 RSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK-LGAKHAINYLKEDF 202
G+ +LI + G G A+QLA GA +Y TA S++K L LK LG H INY++EDF
Sbjct: 119 AKGEHILIQTATGGTGLMAVQLARLKGAEIYATASSDDK-LEYLKQLGVPHVINYVEEDF 177
Query: 203 LEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISK 262
E + + T GRG+D++++ + E + + L L+ G+ + I+ A ++L+ ++S
Sbjct: 178 EEEIMRLTGGRGVDVVINTLSGEAIQKGLNCLAPGGRYVEIAMTALKSAPSVDLS-VLSN 236
Query: 263 RITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKS 322
+ LR+ + + I D Q ++ L+ + P + + P + A+ +
Sbjct: 237 NQSFHSVDLRKLLLLDPEFIAD-YQAEMVSLVEEGELRPTVSRIFPFDDIGEAYRYLSDR 295
Query: 323 EHIGKIIL 330
E+IGK+++
Sbjct: 296 ENIGKVVV 303
>gnl|CDD|176235 cd08274, MDR9, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 350
Score = 156 bits (396), Expect = 8e-39
Identities = 96/365 (26%), Positives = 163/365 (44%), Gaps = 54/365 (14%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVM-FLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYP----PPK 61
MR V ++G+G + + + + P+P P E+LI+V A GVN D+ R+G Y
Sbjct: 1 MRAVLLTGHGGLDKLVYRDDVPVPTPAPGEVLIRVGACGVNNTDINTREGWYSTEVDGAT 60
Query: 62 NANP---------------ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV--------------- 91
++ I G ++ G++V +GE IG+ V
Sbjct: 61 DSTGAGEAGWWGGTLSFPRIQGADIVGRVVAVGEGVDTARIGERVLVDPSIRDPPEDDPA 120
Query: 92 -CALVNG---GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQ 147
+ GG+AEY + + P+ + ++ A+ P S+ T N+ + A + +G+
Sbjct: 121 DIDYIGSERDGGFAEYTVVPAENAYPVNSPLSDVELATFPCSYSTAE-NMLERAGVGAGE 179
Query: 148 TVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQ 207
TVL+ G S G+G+ +QLA GA V A K A LGA I L++ L
Sbjct: 180 TVLVTGASGGVGSALVQLAKRRGAIVIAVA-GAAKEEAVRALGADTVI--LRDAPLLADA 236
Query: 208 KETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITIT 267
K G +D++ D+VG L LL G+ + + G + E++L + K +T+
Sbjct: 237 KALGGEPVDVVADVVGGPLFPDLLRLLRPGGRYVTAGAIAGPV-VELDLRTLYLKDLTLF 295
Query: 268 GSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGK 327
GSTL R + ++ +R + I PV+ PL ++ A + H+GK
Sbjct: 296 GSTLGTRE-VFRRLVR---------YIEEGEIRPVVAKTFPLSEIREAQAEFLEKRHVGK 345
Query: 328 IILLP 332
++L+P
Sbjct: 346 LVLVP 350
>gnl|CDD|176211 cd08249, enoyl_reductase_like, enoyl_reductase_like. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 339
Score = 154 bits (392), Expect = 3e-38
Identities = 78/252 (30%), Positives = 117/252 (46%), Gaps = 27/252 (10%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
+ + P+P+P +E+L+KV+A+ +N D + + P A ILG + AG +V++G
Sbjct: 16 VVDVPVPKPGPDEVLVKVKAVALNPVDWKHQDYGFIPSYPA--ILGCDFAGTVVEVGSGV 73
Query: 83 THWNIGDEVCALVNG--------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVW 134
T + +GD V V+G G + EY ++ T IP + +AA+LP T
Sbjct: 74 TRFKVGDRVAGFVHGGNPNDPRNGAFQEYVVADADLTAKIPDNISFEEAATLPVGLVTAA 133
Query: 135 ANLFQTANLR----------SGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTA--KSEEK 182
LFQ L G+ VLI GGSS +GT AIQLA G V TTA K+ +
Sbjct: 134 LALFQKLGLPLPPPKPSPASKGKPVLIWGGSSSVGTLAIQLAKLAGYKVITTASPKNFDL 193
Query: 183 CLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLI 241
LGA +Y D +E ++ T G+ + LD + E L + G
Sbjct: 194 ---VKSLGADAVFDYHDPDVVEDIRAATGGK-LRYALDCISTPESAQLCAEALGRSGGGK 249
Query: 242 IISFLGGNIATE 253
++S L TE
Sbjct: 250 LVSLLPVPEETE 261
>gnl|CDD|176220 cd08259, Zn_ADH5, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group contains proteins that
share the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine
(His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48), then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 332
Score = 151 bits (384), Expect = 2e-37
Identities = 92/339 (27%), Positives = 151/339 (44%), Gaps = 53/339 (15%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP--ILGLEVAGKIVDLGE 80
+ E P P+P E+LIKV+A GV D++ KG +P ILG E+ G + ++GE
Sbjct: 15 IEEVPDPEPGPGEVLIKVKAAGVCYRDLLFWKGFFP---RGKYPLILGHEIVGTVEEVGE 71
Query: 81 NTTHWNIGDEVCAL---------------------------VNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLP 113
+ GD V GG+AEY + +
Sbjct: 72 GVERFKPGDRVILYYYIPCGKCEYCLSGEENLCRNRAEYGEEVDGGFAEYVKVPERSLVK 131
Query: 114 IPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATV 173
+P + AA T L + A ++ G TVL+ G G+G AIQLA GA V
Sbjct: 132 LPDNVSDESAALAACVVGTAVHALKR-AGVKKGDTVLVTGAGGGVGIHAIQLAKALGARV 190
Query: 174 YTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLK--EDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHL 231
+S EK +LGA + I+ K ED ++ G D+++++VG+ + + L
Sbjct: 191 IAVTRSPEKLKILKELGADYVIDGSKFSEDVKKLG-------GADVVIELVGSPTIEESL 243
Query: 232 TLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIW 291
L+K G+L++I + + A + +I K I I GS + D + ++L+
Sbjct: 244 RSLNKGGRLVLIGNVTPDPA-PLRPGLLILKEIRIIGSISATKAD-----VEEALK---- 293
Query: 292 PLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
L+ I PVI V+ L + A + ++ + +G+I+L
Sbjct: 294 -LVKEGKIKPVIDRVVSLEDINEALEDLKSGKVVGRIVL 331
>gnl|CDD|176210 cd08248, RTN4I1, Human Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1. Human
Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 is a member of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/ reductase (MDR) family.
Riticulons are endoplasmic reticulum associated proteins
involved in membrane trafficking and neuroendocrine
secretion. The MDR/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 350
Score = 143 bits (363), Expect = 7e-35
Identities = 103/354 (29%), Positives = 150/354 (42%), Gaps = 37/354 (10%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVM-FLAESPIPQPQKE-EILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKG--------- 55
M+ + YG + + L + IP +K ++LIKV A VN DV+ R G
Sbjct: 1 MKAWQIHSYGGIDSLLLLENARIPVIRKPNQVLIKVHAASVNPIDVLMRSGYGRTLLNKK 60
Query: 56 LYPPPKNANP-----ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNG---GGYAEYCLSH 107
P + LG + +G +VD+G + IGDEV V G +AEY +
Sbjct: 61 RKPQSCKYSGIEFPLTLGRDCSGVVVDIGSGVKSFEIGDEVWGAVPPWSQGTHAEYVVVP 120
Query: 108 QGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLR----SGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAI 163
+ PK + +AASLP + T W+ L L +G+ VLI GGS G+GT AI
Sbjct: 121 ENEVSKKPKNLSHEEAASLPYAGLTAWSALVNVGGLNPKNAAGKRVLILGGSGGVGTFAI 180
Query: 164 QLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG 223
QL +GA V TT S + LGA I+Y EDF E L + D+ILD VG
Sbjct: 181 QLLKAWGAHVTTTC-STDAIPLVKSLGADDVIDYNNEDFEEELTERG---KFDVILDTVG 236
Query: 224 AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIII--------SFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRT 275
+ L LL K G + + LG + + + + + +
Sbjct: 237 GDTEKWALKLLKKGGTYVTLVSPLLKNTDKLG--LVGGMLKSAVDLLKKNVKSLLKGSHY 294
Query: 276 DIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKII 329
S S ++ L+ I PVI V P +V A++ +E GK +
Sbjct: 295 RWGFFSPSGSALDELAKLVEDGKIKPVIDKVFPFEEVPEAYEKVESGHARGKTV 348
>gnl|CDD|176257 cd08297, CAD3, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 139 bits (352), Expect = 1e-33
Identities = 87/333 (26%), Positives = 146/333 (43%), Gaps = 42/333 (12%)
Query: 27 PIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWN 86
P+P+P E+L+K+EA GV D+ G +P I G E AG +V +G +
Sbjct: 20 PVPEPGPGEVLVKLEASGVCHTDLHAALGDWPVKPKLPLIGGHEGAGVVVAVGPGVSGLK 79
Query: 87 IGD--------------EVC----------ALVNG----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGY 118
+GD E C +G G +AEY ++ + PIP G
Sbjct: 80 VGDRVGVKWLYDACGKCEYCRTGDETLCPNQKNSGYTVDGTFAEYAIADARYVTPIPDGL 139
Query: 119 NAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAK 178
+ QAA L + TV+ L + A L+ G V+I G G+G +Q A G V
Sbjct: 140 SFEQAAPLLCAGVTVYKAL-KKAGLKPGDWVVISGAGGGLGHLGVQYAKAMGLRVIAIDV 198
Query: 179 SEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGID-IILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKE 237
+EK +LGA +++ K D +E +++ T G G +++ V A Q L L
Sbjct: 199 GDEKLELAKELGADAFVDFKKSDDVEAVKELTGGGGAHAVVVTAVSAAAYEQALDYLRPG 258
Query: 238 GKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSH 297
G L+ + G ++ ++ + ITI GS + R D ++++L+
Sbjct: 259 GTLVCVGLPPGGFI-PLDPFDLVLRGITIVGSLVGTRQD-----LQEALE-----FAARG 307
Query: 298 VIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
+ P I V+PL + + ME+ + G++++
Sbjct: 308 KVKPHI-QVVPLEDLNEVFEKMEEGKIAGRVVV 339
>gnl|CDD|176206 cd08244, MDR_enoyl_red, Possible enoyl reductase. Member
identified as possible enoyl reductase of the MDR
family. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of trans-2-enoyl
acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to
acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 139 bits (351), Expect = 2e-33
Identities = 90/331 (27%), Positives = 147/331 (44%), Gaps = 12/331 (3%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP- 65
MR + + +G V+ + P P P ++ I V A GV+ D R G P P
Sbjct: 1 MRAIRLHEFGPPEVLVPEDVPDPVPGPGQVRIAVAAAGVHFVDTQLRSGWGPGPFPPELP 60
Query: 66 -ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT-THWNIGDEVCA--LVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
+ G EVAG + +G W +G V A GGGYAE ++ P+P G +
Sbjct: 61 YVPGGEVAGVVDAVGPGVDPAW-LGRRVVAHTGRAGGGYAELAVADVDSLHPVPDGLDLE 119
Query: 122 QAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEE 181
A ++ T L A L G VL+ + G+G+ +QLA GATV A
Sbjct: 120 AAVAVVHDGRTALG-LLDLATLTPGDVVLVTAAAGGLGSLLVQLAKAAGATVVGAAGGPA 178
Query: 182 KCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLI 241
K LGA A++Y + D+ + +++ G G+ ++LD VG L LL+ G+ +
Sbjct: 179 KTALVRALGADVAVDYTRPDWPDQVREALGGGGVTVVLDGVGGAIGRAALALLAPGGRFL 238
Query: 242 IISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAP 301
+ G T ++ + + +T+ G + + +R L+ + + + P
Sbjct: 239 TYGWASGE-WTALDEDDARRRGVTVVGLLGVQA---ERGGLRA-LEARALAEAAAGRLVP 293
Query: 302 VIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
V+ PL + A AH +E +GK++LLP
Sbjct: 294 VVGQTFPLERAAEAHAALEARSTVGKVLLLP 324
>gnl|CDD|176216 cd08254, hydroxyacyl_CoA_DH, 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase,
and other MDR family members. This group contains
enzymes of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
family, including members (aka MDR) identified as
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase and
N-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinol dehydrogenase.
6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase
catalyzes the conversion of
6-Hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA and NAD+ to
6-Ketoxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA,NADH, and H+. This
group displays the characteristic catalytic and
structural zinc sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 338
Score = 129 bits (327), Expect = 9e-31
Identities = 87/353 (24%), Positives = 151/353 (42%), Gaps = 47/353 (13%)
Query: 12 MSGYGKSNV----MFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPIL 67
M + + L E P+P+P E+L+KV+A GV D+ G P L
Sbjct: 1 MKAWRFHKGSKGLLVLEEVPVPEPGPGEVLVKVKAAGVCHSDLHILDGGVPTLTKLPLTL 60
Query: 68 GLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV----------CALVNG-----------------GGY 100
G E+AG +V++G T++ +GD V CAL GG+
Sbjct: 61 GHEIAGTVVEVGAGVTNFKVGDRVAVPAVIPCGACALCRRGRGNLCLNQGMPGLGIDGGF 120
Query: 101 AEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGT 160
AEY + +P+P G QAA ++ T + + + ++ G+TVL+ G G+G
Sbjct: 121 AEYIVVPARALVPVPDGVPFAQAAVATDAVLTPYHAVVRAGEVKPGETVLV-IGLGGLGL 179
Query: 161 TAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILD 220
A+Q+A GA V EEK +LGA +N L + + G G D+I D
Sbjct: 180 NAVQIAKAMGAAVIAVDIKEEKLELAKELGADEVLNSLDDSPKDKKAAG-LGGGFDVIFD 238
Query: 221 MVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAK 279
VG + G+++++ G ++L+ +I++ + I GS
Sbjct: 239 FVGTQPTFEDAQKAVKPGGRIVVVGL--GRDKLTVDLSDLIARELRIIGS-----FGGTP 291
Query: 280 QSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
+ + + L L+ + P + T PL ++ + + K + G+++L+P
Sbjct: 292 EDLPEVLD-----LIAKGKLDPQVETR-PLDEIPEVLERLHKGKVKGRVVLVP 338
>gnl|CDD|176224 cd08263, Zn_ADH10, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 367
Score = 127 bits (320), Expect = 5e-30
Identities = 90/328 (27%), Positives = 151/328 (46%), Gaps = 60/328 (18%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + G + + E P+P+P++ EILI+V A GV D+ KG P P +
Sbjct: 1 MKAAVLKGPNPP--LTIEEIPVPRPKEGEILIRVAACGVCHSDLHVLKGELPFPPPF--V 56
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWN---IGDEV-------------CA----------------- 93
LG E++G++V++G N + +GD V CA
Sbjct: 57 LGHEISGEVVEVGPNVENPYGLSVGDRVVGSFIMPCGKCRYCARGKENLCEDFFAYNRLK 116
Query: 94 --LVNG-----------------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVW 134
L +G GG AEY + P+P+ + ++A L + FT +
Sbjct: 117 GTLYDGTTRLFRLDGGPVYMYSMGGLAEYAVVPATALAPLPESLDYTESAVLGCAGFTAY 176
Query: 135 ANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKH 193
L A++R G+TV + G G+G++AIQLA FGA + +EK +LGA H
Sbjct: 177 GALKHAADVRPGETVAVIG-VGGVGSSAIQLAKAFGASPIIAVDVRDEKLAKAKELGATH 235
Query: 194 AINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIAT 252
+N KED + +++ T GRG+D++++ +G E L ++ G+ +++ G
Sbjct: 236 TVNAAKEDAVAAIREITGGRGVDVVVEALGKPETFKLALDVVRDGGRAVVVGLAPGGATA 295
Query: 253 EINLNPIISKRITITGST-LRRRTDIAK 279
EI + ++ + I I GS R R D+ +
Sbjct: 296 EIPITRLVRRGIKIIGSYGARPRQDLPE 323
>gnl|CDD|176207 cd08245, CAD, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD) and related
proteins. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD),
members of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in
the last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells
walls. CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent.
CAD family members are also found in non-plant species,
e.g. in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase
activity. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes, or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 330
Score = 123 bits (311), Expect = 7e-29
Identities = 87/336 (25%), Positives = 145/336 (43%), Gaps = 51/336 (15%)
Query: 25 ESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTT 83
E P+P+P E+LIK+EA GV D+ +G + K P + G E+ G++V++G
Sbjct: 16 EVPVPEPGPGEVLIKIEACGVCHTDLHAAEGDWGGSKY--PLVPGHEIVGEVVEVGAGVE 73
Query: 84 HWNIGDEV----------------------------CALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIP 115
+GD V GGYAEY ++ +T+ +P
Sbjct: 74 GRKVGDRVGVGWLVGSCGRCEYCRRGLENLCQKAVNTGYTTQGGYAEYMVADAEYTVLLP 133
Query: 116 KGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYT 175
G QAA L + TV++ L + A R G+ V + G G+G A+Q A G
Sbjct: 134 DGLPLAQAAPLLCAGITVYSAL-RDAGPRPGERVAVL-GIGGLGHLAVQYARAMGFETVA 191
Query: 176 TAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEY-LNQHLTLL 234
+S +K KLGA ++ E ++ G D+IL V + L L
Sbjct: 192 ITRSPDKRELARKLGADEVVDSGAEL-----DEQAAAGGADVILVTVVSGAAAEAALGGL 246
Query: 235 SKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLL 294
+ G+++++ + ++ P+I KR +I GST R D ++++L
Sbjct: 247 RRGGRIVLVGLPESPPFS-PDIFPLIMKRQSIAGSTHGGRAD-----LQEALD-----FA 295
Query: 295 NSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
+ P+I T PL + A++ MEK + + +L
Sbjct: 296 AEGKVKPMIETF-PLDQANEAYERMEKGDVRFRFVL 330
>gnl|CDD|176197 cd08235, iditol_2_DH_like, L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase. Putative
L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase based on annotation of some
members in this subgroup. L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase
catalyzes the NAD+-dependent conversion of L-iditol to
L-sorbose in fructose and mannose metabolism. This
enzyme is related to sorbitol dehydrogenase, alcohol
dehydrogenase, and other medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductases. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn)-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group is
also called the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
family (MDR) to highlight its broad range of activities
and to distinguish from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic
domain. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability. ADH-like
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
The active site zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two
cysteines, and a water molecule. The second zinc seems
to play a structural role, affects subunit interactions,
and is typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 343
Score = 121 bits (306), Expect = 2e-28
Identities = 87/291 (29%), Positives = 136/291 (46%), Gaps = 41/291 (14%)
Query: 15 YGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGK 74
+G ++V L E P+P+P E+L+KV A G+ DV + +G + K ILG E+AG+
Sbjct: 7 HGPNDVR-LEEVPVPEPGPGEVLVKVRACGICGTDVKKIRGGHTDLK-PPRILGHEIAGE 64
Query: 75 IVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVN---------------------------GGGYAEYCL-- 105
IV++G+ T + +GD V + GG+AEY
Sbjct: 65 IVEVGDGVTGFKVGDRVFVAPHVPCGECHYCLRGNENMCPNYKKFGNLYDGGFAEYVRVP 124
Query: 106 ---SHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG-IGTT 161
+G L +P + +AA L E + A ++ G TVL+ G +G IG
Sbjct: 125 AWAVKRGGVLKLPDNVSFEEAA-LVEPLACCINAQ-RKAGIKPGDTVLVIG--AGPIGLL 180
Query: 162 AIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILD 220
LA GA V + +E + KLGA + I+ +ED +E +++ T GRG D+++
Sbjct: 181 HAMLAKASGARKVIVSDLNEFRLEFAKKLGADYTIDAAEEDLVEKVRELTDGRGADVVIV 240
Query: 221 MVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGST 270
G+ E Q L L+ K G+++ L I+ N I + ITITGS
Sbjct: 241 ATGSPEAQAQALELVRKGGRILFFGGLPKGSTVNIDPNLIHYREITITGSY 291
>gnl|CDD|176256 cd08296, CAD_like, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step of
monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD binds 2
zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family members
are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in yeast where
they have an aldehyde reductase activity. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADHs), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 333
Score = 119 bits (300), Expect = 1e-27
Identities = 84/278 (30%), Positives = 123/278 (44%), Gaps = 41/278 (14%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPIL-GLEVAGKIVDLGEN 81
L E +P P E+LIKVEA GV D ++G P P + G EV G+I +GE
Sbjct: 15 LVERDVPLPGPGEVLIKVEACGVCHSDAFVKEGAMPGLS--YPRVPGHEVVGRIDAVGEG 72
Query: 82 TTHWNIGDEV-----------CA-------------LVNG----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLP 113
+ W +GD V C V G GGYAEY L+
Sbjct: 73 VSRWKVGDRVGVGWHGGHCGTCDACRRGDFVHCENGKVTGVTRDGGYAEYMLAPAEALAR 132
Query: 114 IPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG-GSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT 172
IP +A +AA L + T + N + + + G V + G G G+G A+Q A+ G
Sbjct: 133 IPDDLDAAEAAPLLCAGVTTF-NALRNSGAKPGDLVAVQGIG--GLGHLAVQYAAKMGFR 189
Query: 173 VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHL 231
++ +K KLGA H I+ KED E LQ+ G G +IL A+ ++ +
Sbjct: 190 TVAISRGSDKADLARKLGAHHYIDTSKEDVAEALQE--LG-GAKLILATAPNAKAISALV 246
Query: 232 TLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
L+ GKL+I+ G + ++ +I R +I G
Sbjct: 247 GGLAPRGKLLILGAAGEPV--AVSPLQLIMGRKSIHGW 282
>gnl|CDD|31263 COG1063, Tdh, Threonine dehydrogenase and related Zn-dependent
dehydrogenases [Amino acid transport and metabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 350
Score = 117 bits (295), Expect = 4e-27
Identities = 94/364 (25%), Positives = 154/364 (42%), Gaps = 52/364 (14%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + Y + L E P P P ++LI+V A G+ D+ +G P + I
Sbjct: 1 MKAAVV--YVGGGDVRLEEPPPPIPGPGDVLIRVTATGICGSDLHIYRGGEPFVPPGDII 58
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVN------------------------------ 96
LG E G++V++G + +GD V N
Sbjct: 59 LGHEFVGEVVEVGV-VRGFKVGDRVVVEPNIPCGHCRYCRAGEYNLCENPGFYGYAGLGG 117
Query: 97 --GGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGG 154
GG+AEY L +AA+L E T + + A +R G TV++ G
Sbjct: 118 GIDGGFAEYVRVPADFNLAKLPDGIDEEAAALTEPLATAYHGHAERAAVRPGGTVVVVGA 177
Query: 155 SSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKC-LACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQG 212
IG AI LA GA+ V +S E+ LA GA +N ++D + + T G
Sbjct: 178 GP-IGLLAIALAKLLGASVVIVVDRSPERLELAKEAGGADVVVNPSEDDAGAEILELTGG 236
Query: 213 RGIDIILDMVGAEY-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTL 271
RG D++++ VG+ L+Q L L G ++++ GG + ++SK +T+ GS
Sbjct: 237 RGADVVIEAVGSPPALDQALEALRPGGTVVVVGVYGGED-IPLPAGLVVSKELTLRGSLR 295
Query: 272 RRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAP--VIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIM-EKSEHIGKI 328
+ ++++ LL S I P +I LPL A A+++ ++ E K+
Sbjct: 296 PSGREDFERALD---------LLASGKIDPEKLITHRLPLDDAAEAYELFADRKEEAIKV 346
Query: 329 ILLP 332
+L P
Sbjct: 347 VLKP 350
>gnl|CDD|176212 cd08250, Mgc45594_like, Mgc45594 gene product and other MDR family
members. Includes Human Mgc45594 gene product of
undetermined function. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 117 bits (296), Expect = 4e-27
Identities = 75/227 (33%), Positives = 118/227 (51%), Gaps = 6/227 (2%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI-LGLEVAGKIVDLGEN 81
+ + P+P P E+L+K +G+N D+ G Y P P G E G++V +GE
Sbjct: 20 IVDVPVPLPGPGEVLVKNRFVGINASDINFTAGRYDPGV-KPPFDCGFEGVGEVVAVGEG 78
Query: 82 TTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTA 141
T + +GD V A ++ G +AEY + H +P+P+ + L S T L +
Sbjct: 79 VTDFKVGDAV-ATMSFGAFAEYQVVPARHAVPVPEL--KPEVLPLLVSGLTASIALEEVG 135
Query: 142 NLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKED 201
++SG+TVL+ + G G A+QLA G V T S+EK LG INY ED
Sbjct: 136 EMKSGETVLVTAAAGGTGQFAVQLAKLAGCHVIGTCSSDEKAEFLKSLGCDRPINYKTED 195
Query: 202 FLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGG 248
E+L+KE +G+D++ + VG E + + L+ +G+LI+I F+ G
Sbjct: 196 LGEVLKKEYP-KGVDVVYESVGGEMFDTCVDNLALKGRLIVIGFISG 241
>gnl|CDD|176214 cd08252, AL_MDR, Arginate lyase and other MDR family members. This
group contains a structure identified as an arginate
lyase. Other members are identified quinone reductases,
alginate lyases, and other proteins related to the
zinc-dependent dehydrogenases/reductases. QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone and NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone and NAD(P+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR acts
in the respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria,
while soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones
(e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in
some vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces
quinones through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 336
Score = 116 bits (294), Expect = 7e-27
Identities = 96/346 (27%), Positives = 157/346 (45%), Gaps = 33/346 (9%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKS---NVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNA 63
M+ + + + + E P P P ++L++VEA+ VN D R G P P
Sbjct: 1 MKAIGFTQPLPITDPDSLIDIELPKPVPGGRDLLVRVEAVSVNPVDTKVRAGGAPVPGQP 60
Query: 64 NPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVC---ALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNA 120
ILG + +G + +G T + +GDEV + G AEY L + PK +
Sbjct: 61 K-ILGWDASGVVEAVGSEVTLFKVGDEVYYAGDITRPGSNAEYQLVDERIVGHKPKSLSF 119
Query: 121 IQAASLPESFFTVWANLF-----QTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLAS-YFGATVY 174
+AA+LP + T W LF G+T+LI GG+ G+G+ AIQLA G TV
Sbjct: 120 AEAAALPLTSLTAWEALFDRLGISEDAENEGKTLLIIGGAGGVGSIAIQLAKQLTGLTVI 179
Query: 175 TTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRG-IDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLT 232
TA E +LGA H IN+ +D E Q E G +D I + ++ +
Sbjct: 180 ATASRPESIAWVKELGADHVINH-HQDLAE--QLEALGIEPVDYIFCLTDTDQHWDAMAE 236
Query: 233 LLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR-----TDIAKQSIRDSLQ 287
L++ +G + +I + ++L P+ SK + + R D+ +Q + L
Sbjct: 237 LIAPQGHICLIV----DPQEPLDLGPLKSKSASFHWEFMFTRSMFQTPDMIEQ--HEILN 290
Query: 288 LKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVL-PLG--KVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
++ LL++ + + L P+ + AH ++E + IGKI+L
Sbjct: 291 -EVADLLDAGKLKTTLTETLGPINAENLREAHALLESGKTIGKIVL 335
>gnl|CDD|176645 cd05282, ETR_like, 2-enoyl thioester reductase-like. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the alcohol
dehydrogenases in this family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Candida tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p)
catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 323
Score = 116 bits (292), Expect = 1e-26
Identities = 86/318 (27%), Positives = 137/318 (43%), Gaps = 15/318 (4%)
Query: 20 VMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYP--PPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVD 77
V+ L PIP P E+L+++ A +N D++ G Y PP A + G E G +V+
Sbjct: 13 VLELVSLPIPPPGPGEVLVRMLAAPINPSDLITISGAYGSRPPLPA--VPGNEGVGVVVE 70
Query: 78 LGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASL---PESFFTVW 134
+G + +G V L G + EY ++ +P+P + QAA L P T W
Sbjct: 71 VGSGVSGLLVGQRVLPLGGEGTWQEYVVAPADDLIPVPDSISDEQAAMLYINP---LTAW 127
Query: 135 ANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK-LGAK 192
L + L G V+ + +S +G IQLA G T+ ++ + LK LGA
Sbjct: 128 LMLTEYLKLPPGDWVIQNAANSAVGRMLIQLAKLLGFKTINVV--RRDEQVEELKALGAD 185
Query: 193 HAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIAT 252
I+ ED + +++ T G G + LD VG E + L G L+ L G
Sbjct: 186 EVIDSSPEDLAQRVKEATGGAGARLALDAVGGESATRLARSLRPGGTLVNYGLLSGEPVP 245
Query: 253 EINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKV 312
+ I K IT+ G LR+ A + + ++ L+ + V+ + PL
Sbjct: 246 -FPRSVFIFKDITVRGFWLRQWLHSATKEAKQETFAEVIKLVEAGVLTTPVGAKFPLEDF 304
Query: 313 AMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
A E+ GK++L
Sbjct: 305 EEAVAAAEQPGRGGKVLL 322
>gnl|CDD|176219 cd08258, Zn_ADH4, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group shares the zinc coordination sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 306
Score = 115 bits (289), Expect = 2e-26
Identities = 89/302 (29%), Positives = 137/302 (45%), Gaps = 39/302 (12%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ + +G G NV L E P P+P E+LIKV A G+ D+ KG Y P + +
Sbjct: 1 MKALVKTGPGPGNVE-LREVPEPEPGPGEVLIKVAAAGICGSDLHIYKGDYDPVE-TPVV 58
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV-----------CALVN-----------------GG 98
LG E +G IV++G + W +GD V C G
Sbjct: 59 LGHEFSGTIVEVGPDVEGWKVGDRVVSETTFSTCGRCPYCRRGDYNLCPHRKGIGTQADG 118
Query: 99 GYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGI 158
G+AEY L + +P+ + AA L E + + + +R G TV++ G I
Sbjct: 119 GFAEYVLVPEESLHELPENLSLEAAA-LTEPLAVAVHAVAERSGIRPGDTVVVF-GPGPI 176
Query: 159 GTTAIQLASYFGATVY---TTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
G A Q+A GATV T +A +LGA +N +ED E++ + T G G
Sbjct: 177 GLLAAQVAKLQGATVVVVGTEKDEVRLDVA-KELGADA-VNGGEEDLAELVNEITDGDGA 234
Query: 216 DIILDMVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR 274
D++++ GA L Q L LL K G+++ + + G +A I++ II K +++ GS
Sbjct: 235 DVVIECSGAVPALEQALELLRKGGRIVQVG-IFGPLAASIDVERIIQKELSVIGSRSSTP 293
Query: 275 TD 276
Sbjct: 294 AS 295
>gnl|CDD|35246 KOG0023, KOG0023, KOG0023, Alcohol dehydrogenase, class V
[Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and
catabolism].
Length = 360
Score = 112 bits (282), Expect = 1e-25
Identities = 84/341 (24%), Positives = 147/341 (43%), Gaps = 55/341 (16%)
Query: 27 PIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWN 86
P+ +P + ++L+K+E GV D+ KG + K + G E+AG +V +G N T +
Sbjct: 30 PVREPGENDVLVKIEYCGVCHSDLHAWKGDWGLSK-YPLVPGHEIAGVVVKVGSNVTGFK 88
Query: 87 IGDEV----------------------CAL-------------VNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHT 111
IGD V C + GG+ EY + +
Sbjct: 89 IGDRVGVGWLNGSCLSCEYCKSGNENYCPKMHFTYNGVYHDGTITQGGFQEYAVVDEVFA 148
Query: 112 LPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA 171
+ IP+ AA L + TV++ L + + L G+ V I G G+G A+Q A G
Sbjct: 149 IKIPENLPLASAAPLLCAGITVYSPL-KRSGLGPGKWVGI-VGLGGLGHMAVQYAKAMGM 206
Query: 172 TVYTTAKSEEKCL-ACLKLGAKHAINYLKE-DFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQ 229
V + S +K A LGA ++ ++ D ++ + K T G GID + ++ L
Sbjct: 207 RVTVISTSSKKKEEAIKSLGADVFVDSTEDPDIMKAIMKTTDG-GIDTVSNLAEHA-LEP 264
Query: 230 HLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLK 289
L LL G L+++ + +++ P+I R +I GS + R + +++L
Sbjct: 265 LLGLLKVNGTLVLVGLPEKPL--KLDTFPLILGRKSIKGSIVGSRKE-----TQEALD-- 315
Query: 290 IWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
+ +I I V L +V A++ MEK + + ++
Sbjct: 316 ---FVARGLIKSPIELV-KLSEVNEAYERMEKGDVRYRFVV 352
>gnl|CDD|176221 cd08260, Zn_ADH6, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. This group has the characteristic
catalytic and structural zinc sites of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. Alcohol
dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to
acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other
microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde
to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR),
which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold
of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs
in the cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 345
Score = 110 bits (278), Expect = 5e-25
Identities = 76/296 (25%), Positives = 129/296 (43%), Gaps = 39/296 (13%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP- 65
MR +G+ + + E P P+P + ++++VEA GV R D +G P P
Sbjct: 1 MRAAVYEEFGE--PLEIREVPDPEPPPDGVVVEVEACGVCRSDWHGWQG--HDPDVTLPH 56
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCA---LVNG------------------------G 98
+ G E AG +V++GE+ + W +GD V L G G
Sbjct: 57 VPGHEFAGVVVEVGEDVSRWRVGDRVTVPFVLGCGTCPYCRAGDSNVCEHQVQPGFTHPG 116
Query: 99 GYAEYCLSHQG-HTL-PIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSS 156
+AEY + L +P + + AA L F T + L A ++ G+ V +HG
Sbjct: 117 SFAEYVAVPRADVNLVRLPDDVDFVTAAGLGCRFATAFRALVHQARVKPGEWVAVHGC-G 175
Query: 157 GIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINY-LKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
G+G +A+ +AS GA V ++K +LGA +N ED ++ T G G
Sbjct: 176 GVGLSAVMIASALGARVIAVDIDDDKLELARELGAVATVNASEVEDVAAAVRDLTGG-GA 234
Query: 216 DIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIIS-FLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
+ +D +G E + L K G+ + + LG + ++ ++++ + I GS
Sbjct: 235 HVSVDALGIPETCRNSVASLRKRGRHVQVGLTLGEEAGVALPMDRVVARELEIVGS 290
>gnl|CDD|176198 cd08236, sugar_DH, NAD(P)-dependent sugar dehydrogenases. This
group contains proteins identified as sorbitol
dehydrogenases and other sugar dehydrogenases of the
medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), which
includes zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and
related proteins. Sorbitol and aldose reductase are
NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose. Sorbitol
dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single catalytic
zinc per subunit. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Related proteins include
threonine dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and
butanediol dehydrogenase. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. Horse
liver alcohol dehydrogenase is a dimeric enzyme and each
subunit has two domains. The NAD binding domain is in a
Rossmann fold and the catalytic domain contains a zinc
ion to which substrates bind. There is a cleft between
the domains that closes upon formation of the ternary
complex.
Length = 343
Score = 109 bits (275), Expect = 1e-24
Identities = 93/359 (25%), Positives = 153/359 (42%), Gaps = 51/359 (14%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDV--MQRKGLYPPPKNAN 64
M+ + ++G G + + P P+P E+L+KV+A G+ D+ G Y PP
Sbjct: 1 MKALVLTGPGD---LRYEDIPKPEPGPGEVLVKVKACGICGSDIPRYLGTGAYHPPL--- 54
Query: 65 PILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV--CALVN-------------------------G 97
+LG E +G + ++G +GD V L+
Sbjct: 55 -VLGHEFSGTVEEVGSGVDDLAVGDRVAVNPLLPCGKCEYCKKGEYSLCSNYDYIGSRRD 113
Query: 98 GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG 157
G +AEY + + IP + +AA + E + A + G TV++ G +
Sbjct: 114 GAFAEYVSVPARNLIKIPDHVDYEEAA-MIEPAAVALHAVRL-AGITLGDTVVVIGAGT- 170
Query: 158 IGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGID 216
IG AIQ GA V +EK +LGA IN +ED +E +++ T+GRG D
Sbjct: 171 IGLLAIQWLKILGAKRVIAVDIDDEKLAVARELGADDTINPKEED-VEKVRELTEGRGAD 229
Query: 217 IILDMVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIA-TEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR 274
++++ G+ + Q L L GK++++ G++ +E I+ K +TI GS
Sbjct: 230 LVIEAAGSPATIEQALALARPGGKVVLVGIPYGDVTLSEEAFEKILRKELTIQGSWNSYS 289
Query: 275 TDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIA--PVIHTVLPLGKVAMA-HDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
R +L LL S I P+I LPL A + ++ E GK++L
Sbjct: 290 APFPGDEWRTALD-----LLASGKIKVEPLITHRLPLEDGPAAFERLADREEFSGKVLL 343
>gnl|CDD|176187 cd05284, arabinose_DH_like, D-arabinose dehydrogenase. This group
contains arabinose dehydrogenase (AraDH) and related
alcohol dehydrogenases. AraDH is a member of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family and catalyzes the
NAD(P)-dependent oxidation of D-arabinose and other
pentoses, the initial step in the metabolism of
d-arabinose into 2-oxoglutarate. Like the alcohol
dehydrogenases, AraDH binds a zinc in the catalytic
cleft as well as a distal structural zinc. AraDH forms
homotetramers as a dimer of dimers. AraDH replaces a
conserved catalytic His with replace with Arg, compared
to the canonical ADH site. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 340
Score = 109 bits (275), Expect = 1e-24
Identities = 80/301 (26%), Positives = 135/301 (44%), Gaps = 51/301 (16%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP- 65
M+ + YGK + L + P+P+P ++L++V GV D+ G P
Sbjct: 1 MKAARLYEYGKP--LRLEDVPVPEPGPGQVLVRVGGAGVCHSDLHVIDG---VWGGILPY 55
Query: 66 ----ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNG------------------------ 97
LG E AG + ++G GD V +V+
Sbjct: 56 KLPFTLGHENAGWVEEVGSGVDGLKEGDPV--VVHPPWGCGTCRYCRRGEENYCENARFP 113
Query: 98 -----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTAN-LRSGQTVLI 151
GG+AEY L + +P+G + ++AA L ++ T + + + L G TV++
Sbjct: 114 GIGTDGGFAEYLLVPSRRLVKLPRGLDPVEAAPLADAGLTAYHAVKKALPYLDPGSTVVV 173
Query: 152 HG-GSSGIGTTAIQLASYF-GATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKE 209
G G G+G A+Q+ ATV +SEE +LGA H +N +D +E +++
Sbjct: 174 IGVG--GLGHIAVQILRALTPATVIAVDRSEEALKLAERLGADHVLN-ASDDVVEEVREL 230
Query: 210 TQGRGIDIILDMVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITG 268
T GRG D ++D VG+ E L LL+K G+ +I+ GG+ + + ++ I++ G
Sbjct: 231 TGGRGADAVIDFVGSDETLALAAKLLAKGGRYVIVG-YGGHG--RLPTSDLVPTEISVIG 287
Query: 269 S 269
S
Sbjct: 288 S 288
>gnl|CDD|176222 cd08261, Zn_ADH7, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes
various activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 106 bits (266), Expect = 1e-23
Identities = 78/297 (26%), Positives = 128/297 (43%), Gaps = 45/297 (15%)
Query: 16 GKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGL-----YPPPKNANPILGLE 70
K + + + P P P E+L++V+ +G+ D+ G YP ILG E
Sbjct: 7 EKPGRLEVVDIPEPVPGAGEVLVRVKRVGICGSDLHIYHGRNPFASYPR------ILGHE 60
Query: 71 VAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVC-----------ALVNG----------------GGYAEY 103
++G++V++GE +GD V A G GG+AEY
Sbjct: 61 LSGEVVEVGEGVAGLKVGDRVVVDPYISCGECYACRKGRPNCCENLQVLGVHRDGGFAEY 120
Query: 104 CLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAI 163
+ L +P+G + QAA L E + A+ + A + +G TVL+ G + IG I
Sbjct: 121 IVVPADA-LLVPEGLSLDQAA-LVE-PLAIGAHAVRRAGVTAGDTVLVVG-AGPIGLGVI 176
Query: 164 QLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG 223
Q+A GA V +E+ +LGA IN ED L++ T G G D+++D G
Sbjct: 177 QVAKARGARVIVVDIDDERLEFARELGADDTINVGDEDVAARLRELTDGEGADVVIDATG 236
Query: 224 A-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAK 279
+ + + L++ G+++++ G + K +TI GS R D
Sbjct: 237 NPASMEEAVELVAHGGRVVLVGLSKGPVT--FPDPEFHKKELTILGSRNATREDFPD 291
>gnl|CDD|176190 cd05288, PGDH, Prostaglandin dehydrogenases. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 106 bits (266), Expect = 1e-23
Identities = 78/268 (29%), Positives = 118/268 (44%), Gaps = 39/268 (14%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGV---NRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNAN-PILGLEVAGKIVDL 78
L E P+P+ + E+L++ + V R M Y PP P+ G V G++V+
Sbjct: 22 LVEVPLPELKDGEVLVRTLYLSVDPYMR-GWMSDAKSYSPPVQLGEPMRGGGV-GEVVE- 78
Query: 79 GENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTL-PIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFF------ 131
+ + +GD V G+ EY + L + LP S +
Sbjct: 79 -SRSPDFKVGDLVSGF---LGWQEYAVVDGASGLRKLDPSLG------LPLSAYLGVLGM 128
Query: 132 ---TVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK 188
T + L + + G+TV++ + +G+ Q+A GA V A S+EKC L
Sbjct: 129 TGLTAYFGLTEIGKPKPGETVVVSAAAGAVGSVVGQIAKLLGARVVGIAGSDEKC-RWLV 187
Query: 189 --LGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLII---I 243
LG AINY D E L++ GID+ D VG E L+ LTLL+K G++ + I
Sbjct: 188 EELGFDAAINYKTPDLAEALKEAAPD-GIDVYFDNVGGEILDAALTLLNKGGRIALCGAI 246
Query: 244 SFLGGNIATE---INLNPIISKRITITG 268
S N NL II+KR+T+ G
Sbjct: 247 S--QYNATEPPGPKNLGNIITKRLTMQG 272
>gnl|CDD|36416 KOG1202, KOG1202, KOG1202, Animal-type fatty acid synthase and
related proteins [Lipid transport and metabolism].
Length = 2376
Score = 105 bits (264), Expect = 1e-23
Identities = 71/303 (23%), Positives = 131/303 (43%), Gaps = 36/303 (11%)
Query: 45 VNRPDVMQRKGLYPP---PKN---ANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGG 98
+N D+M G P P + + +LG+E +G+ G V +V
Sbjct: 1456 LNFRDIMLASGKLSPDAIPGDLASQDCLLGMEFSGRDAS----------GRRVMGMVPAK 1505
Query: 99 GYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGI 158
A L+ + +P + +A+++P + T + L ++ G+ +LIH GS G+
Sbjct: 1506 SLATTVLASRDFLWEVPSKWTLEEASTVPVVYSTAYYALVVRGQMKKGEKILIHAGSGGV 1565
Query: 159 GTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACL----KLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRG 214
G AI +A G TV+TT S EK L +L + N F + + T+GRG
Sbjct: 1566 GQAAIAIALAHGCTVFTTVGSAEKREFLLKRFPQLQETNFANSRDTSFEQHVLWHTKGRG 1625
Query: 215 IDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR 274
+D++L+ + E L + L+ G+ + I + + + + + K ++ G L
Sbjct: 1626 VDLVLNSLAEEKLQASIRCLALHGRFLEIGKFDLSQNSPLGMA-VFLKNVSFHGILL--- 1681
Query: 275 TDIAKQSIRD---SLQLKIWPLL----NSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGK 327
S+ + + ++ L+ S V+ P+ TV +V A M +HIGK
Sbjct: 1682 -----DSVMEGEEEMWREVAALVAEGIKSGVVRPLPTTVFHGQQVEDAFRFMASGKHIGK 1736
Query: 328 IIL 330
+++
Sbjct: 1737 VVI 1739
>gnl|CDD|32313 COG2130, COG2130, Putative NADP-dependent oxidoreductases [General
function prediction only].
Length = 340
Score = 105 bits (263), Expect = 2e-23
Identities = 63/257 (24%), Positives = 112/257 (43%), Gaps = 18/257 (7%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI-LGLEVAGKIVDLGEN 81
L E +P+P + ++L++ + ++ P R + P A P+ LG + G V
Sbjct: 29 LEEVDVPEPGEGQVLLRTLYLSLD-PY--MRGRMSDAPSYAPPVELGEVMVGGTVAKVVA 85
Query: 82 TTH--WNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAA--SLPESFFTVWANL 137
+ H + GD V V G+ EY +S + + A L T + L
Sbjct: 86 SNHPGFQPGDIV---VGVSGWQEYAISDGEGLRKLDPSPAPLSAYLGVLGMPGLTAYFGL 142
Query: 138 FQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK-LGAKHAIN 196
++G+TV++ + +G+ Q+A G V A EKC + LG I+
Sbjct: 143 LDIGQPKAGETVVVSAAAGAVGSVVGQIAKLKGCRVVGIAGGAEKCDFLTEELGFDAGID 202
Query: 197 YLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINL 256
Y EDF + L++ +GID+ + VG E L+ L LL+ ++ + + A E+
Sbjct: 203 YKAEDFAQALKEAC-PKGIDVYFENVGGEVLDAVLPLLNLFARIPVCGAISQYNAPELPP 261
Query: 257 NP-----IISKRITITG 268
P +++KR+ + G
Sbjct: 262 GPRRLPLLMAKRLRVQG 278
>gnl|CDD|176225 cd08264, Zn_ADH_like2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family.
This group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the medium chain dehydrogenase family.
However, this subgroup does not contain the
characteristic catalytic zinc site. Also, it contains an
atypical structural zinc-binding pattern:
DxxCxxCxxxxxxxC. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the cleft
between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at
the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 101 bits (253), Expect = 3e-22
Identities = 88/318 (27%), Positives = 150/318 (47%), Gaps = 51/318 (16%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPD--VMQRKGLYPPPKNAN 64
M+ + G N+ + P+P E+LI+V+ GVN D V+ + P P
Sbjct: 1 MKALVFEKSGIENLKVE-DVKDPKPGPGEVLIRVKMAGVNPVDYNVINAVKVKPMPH--- 56
Query: 65 PILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV----------CAL---------VNG-------- 97
I G E AG + ++G++ GD V C + NG
Sbjct: 57 -IPGAEFAGVVEEVGDHVKGVKKGDRVVVYNRVFDGTCDMCLSGNEMLCRNGGIIGVVSN 115
Query: 98 GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG 157
GGYAEY + + + IP + AASLP + T + + +TA L G+TV++ G S
Sbjct: 116 GGYAEYIVVPEKNLFKIPDSISDELAASLPVAALTAY-HALKTAGLGPGETVVVFGASGN 174
Query: 158 IGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINY--LKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
G A+QLA GA V A S + L + GA ++Y ++E EI +
Sbjct: 175 TGIFAVQLAKMMGAEVI--AVSRKDWLK--EFGADEVVDYDEVEEKVKEIT------KMA 224
Query: 216 DIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIII-SFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR 274
D++++ +G+ + + L++L + G+L+ + GG + ++L+ + SK+I+I GST R
Sbjct: 225 DVVINSLGSSFWDLSLSVLGRGGRLVTFGTLTGGEVK--LDLSDLYSKQISIIGSTGGTR 282
Query: 275 TDIAK-QSIRDSLQLKIW 291
++ + I L++K+W
Sbjct: 283 KELLELVKIAKDLKVKVW 300
>gnl|CDD|176258 cd08298, CAD2, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). These
alcohol dehydrogenases are related to the cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases
(CAD) reduce cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the
last step of monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls.
CAD binds 2 zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD
family members are also found in non-plant species, e.g.
in yeast where they have an aldehyde reductase activity.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 329
Score = 98.0 bits (245), Expect = 3e-21
Identities = 66/203 (32%), Positives = 97/203 (47%), Gaps = 43/203 (21%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
L E P+P+P E+LIKVEA GV R D+ +G PPPK I G E+ G++ +G
Sbjct: 19 LTEVPVPEPGPGEVLIKVEACGVCRTDLHIVEGDLPPPK-LPLIPGHEIVGRVEAVGPGV 77
Query: 83 THWNIGDEV-----------C-------------ALVNG----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPI 114
T +++GD V C A G GGYAEY ++ + PI
Sbjct: 78 TRFSVGDRVGVPWLGSTCGECRYCRSGRENLCDNARFTGYTVDGGYAEYMVADERFAYPI 137
Query: 115 PKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANL-----FQTANLRSGQTVLIHG-GSSGIGTTAIQLASY 168
P+ Y+ +AA L + A + + A L+ GQ + ++G G+S A+Q+A Y
Sbjct: 138 PEDYDDEEAAPL------LCAGIIGYRALKLAGLKPGQRLGLYGFGAS--AHLALQIARY 189
Query: 169 FGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGA 191
GA V+ +S E +LGA
Sbjct: 190 QGAEVFAFTRSGEHQELARELGA 212
>gnl|CDD|176184 cd05281, TDH, Threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via NAD(H)-
dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal region typically
has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria) and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose reductase
are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which
interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 341
Score = 96.5 bits (241), Expect = 9e-21
Identities = 102/357 (28%), Positives = 152/357 (42%), Gaps = 77/357 (21%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDV---------MQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAG 73
L E P+P+P E+LIKV A + DV R PP I G E AG
Sbjct: 15 LVEVPVPKPGPGEVLIKVLAASICGTDVHIYEWDEWAQSRI---KPPL----IFGHEFAG 67
Query: 74 KIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCA---LVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGH-------------------- 110
++V++GE T +GD V A +V G Y C + H
Sbjct: 68 EVVEVGEGVTRVKVGDYVSAETHIVCGKCYQ--CRTGNYHVCQNTKILGVDTDGCFAEYV 125
Query: 111 TLP----------IPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG-IG 159
+P IP +IQ L + TV ++ SG++VLI G G IG
Sbjct: 126 VVPEENLWKNDKDIPPEIASIQE-PLGNAVHTV-----LAGDV-SGKSVLITG--CGPIG 176
Query: 160 TTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDII 218
AI +A GA V + + + K+GA IN +ED +E+ T G G+D++
Sbjct: 177 LMAIAVAKAAGASLVIASDPNPYRLELAKKMGADVVINPREEDVVEVK-SVTDGTGVDVV 235
Query: 219 LDMVGAEY-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDI 277
L+M G + Q L L+ G++ I+ G + ++N N +I K +T+ G T R+ +
Sbjct: 236 LEMSGNPKAIEQGLKALTPGGRVSILGLPPGPVDIDLN-NLVIFKGLTVQGITGRKMFET 294
Query: 278 AKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVI--APVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIILLP 332
Q LL S + +PVI LPL A ++M + GK++L P
Sbjct: 295 WYQVSA---------LLKSGKVDLSPVITHKLPLEDFEEAFELMRSGK-CGKVVLYP 341
>gnl|CDD|176251 cd08291, ETR_like_1, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 1. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 94.6 bits (236), Expect = 4e-20
Identities = 77/270 (28%), Positives = 117/270 (43%), Gaps = 12/270 (4%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMF---LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNA 63
M+ + + YGK + L E +P+P E+LIKVEA +N D+ KG Y K
Sbjct: 1 MKALLLEEYGKPLEVKELSLPEPEVPEPGPGEVLIKVEAAPINPSDLGFLKGQYGSTKAL 60
Query: 64 NPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWN-IGDEVCALVNGGG-YAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAI 121
G E +G +V G + IG V L G YAEY ++ LP+P G +
Sbjct: 61 PVPPGFEGSGTVVAAGGGPLAQSLIGKRVAFLAGSYGTYAEYAVADAQQCLPLPDGVSFE 120
Query: 122 QAASLPESF---FTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAK 178
Q AS SF T + +TA + V+ +S +G ++L G V +
Sbjct: 121 QGAS---SFVNPLTALG-MLETAREEGAKAVVHTAAASALGRMLVRLCKADGIKVINIVR 176
Query: 179 SEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEG 238
+E+ K+GA++ +N DFLE L++ I D VG Q L +
Sbjct: 177 RKEQVDLLKKIGAEYVLNSSDPDFLEDLKELIAKLNATIFFDAVGGGLTGQILLAMPYGS 236
Query: 239 KLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITG 268
L + +L G + I+ +I K +I G
Sbjct: 237 TLYVYGYLSGKLDEPIDPVDLIFKNKSIEG 266
>gnl|CDD|176231 cd08270, MDR4, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, but lacks the zinc-binding
sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 305
Score = 94.0 bits (234), Expect = 5e-20
Identities = 72/274 (26%), Positives = 112/274 (40%), Gaps = 19/274 (6%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
MR + + + E P PQP E L++V AI +NR ++ K P A P
Sbjct: 1 MRALVVDPDAPLRLRL-GEVPDPQPAPHEALVRVAAISLNRGEL---KFAAERPDGAVP- 55
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASL 126
G + AG + + + +G V L G +AE G +P G + QAA+L
Sbjct: 56 -GWDAAGVVERAAADGSGPAVGARVVGLGAMGAWAELVAVPTGWLAVLPDGVSFAQAATL 114
Query: 127 PESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLAC 186
P + T L + L G+ VL+ G S G+G A+QLA+ GA V S +
Sbjct: 115 PVAGVTALRALRRGGPL-LGRRVLVTGASGGVGRFAVQLAALAGAHVVAVVGSPARAEGL 173
Query: 187 LKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFL 246
+LGA + E+ G +D+++D VG L + L LL+ G ++ +
Sbjct: 174 RELGAAEVV----VGGSEL-----SGAPVDLVVDSVGGPQLARALELLAPGGTVVSVGSS 224
Query: 247 GGNIATEINLNPIISK--RITITGSTLRRRTDIA 278
G A N + + L +A
Sbjct: 225 SGEPAV-FNPAAFVGGGGGRRLYTFFLYDGEPLA 257
>gnl|CDD|143884 pfam00107, ADH_zinc_N, Zinc-binding dehydrogenase.
Length = 131
Score = 93.5 bits (233), Expect = 7e-20
Identities = 48/125 (38%), Positives = 70/125 (56%), Gaps = 3/125 (2%)
Query: 157 GIGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
G+G A+QLA GA V +SEEK +LGA H INY EDF+E +++ T GRG+
Sbjct: 1 GVGLAAVQLAKALGAARVIAVDRSEEKLELAKELGADHVINYRDEDFVERVRELTGGRGV 60
Query: 216 DIILDMVGA-EYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR 274
D+++D VGA L Q L LL G+++++ GG L ++ K +TI GS R
Sbjct: 61 DVVIDCVGAPATLEQALELLRPGGRVVVVGLPGGAP-VPFPLRDLLLKELTILGSLGGGR 119
Query: 275 TDIAK 279
+ +
Sbjct: 120 EEFEE 124
>gnl|CDD|176186 cd05283, CAD1, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD). Cinnamyl
alcohol dehydrogenases (CAD), members of the medium
chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, reduce
cinnamaldehydes to cinnamyl alcohols in the last step of
monolignal metabolism in plant cells walls. CAD binds 2
zinc ions and is NADPH- dependent. CAD family members
are also found in non-plant species, e.g. in yeast where
they have an aldehyde reductase activity. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion
of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc
has a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 337
Score = 92.6 bits (231), Expect = 1e-19
Identities = 72/341 (21%), Positives = 134/341 (39%), Gaps = 79/341 (23%)
Query: 29 PQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIG 88
+++ IK+ GV D+ + + P + G E+ G +V +G T + +G
Sbjct: 20 RPLGPDDVDIKITYCGVCHSDLHTLRNEWGPT-KYPLVPGHEIVGIVVAVGSKVTKFKVG 78
Query: 89 DEV-----------------------------------CALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLP 113
D V + GGYA++ + +
Sbjct: 79 DRVGVGCQVDSCGTCEQCKSGEEQYCPKGVVTYNGKYPDGTITQGGYADHIVVDERFVFK 138
Query: 114 IPKGYNAIQAASLPESFF---TVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG-GSSGIGTTAIQLASYF 169
IP+G ++ AA L TV++ L + + G+ V + G G G+G A++ A
Sbjct: 139 IPEGLDSAAAAPL---LCAGITVYSPL-KRNGVGPGKRVGVVGIG--GLGHLAVKFAKAL 192
Query: 170 GATVY----TTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAE 225
GA V + +K E+ LKLGA I + ++ +D+I+D V A
Sbjct: 193 GAEVTAFSRSPSKKED----ALKLGADEFIATKDPEAMKKAAGS-----LDLIIDTVSAS 243
Query: 226 Y-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRD 284
+ L+ +L+LL G L+++ + + P+I R ++ GS + R + +
Sbjct: 244 HDLDPYLSLLKPGGTLVLVGAPEEPL--PVPPFPLIFGRKSVAGSLIGGRKETQE----- 296
Query: 285 SLQLKIWPLLNS---HVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKS 322
+L+ H I P + + P+ + A + +EK
Sbjct: 297 --------MLDFAAEHGIKPWVEVI-PMDGINEALERLEKG 328
>gnl|CDD|176196 cd08234, threonine_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine
dehydrogenase (TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent
formation of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine,
via NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. THD is a member of the
zinc-requiring, medium chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR). MDRs have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The N-terminal region typically
has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins
typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals)
or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly
bound zinc atoms per subunit. Sorbitol and aldose
reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol
pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose.
Length = 334
Score = 92.6 bits (231), Expect = 1e-19
Identities = 73/279 (26%), Positives = 116/279 (41%), Gaps = 42/279 (15%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEVAGKIVDLGEN 81
+ E P+P+P +E+LIKV A G+ D+ +G + A P + G E AG +V +G
Sbjct: 14 VEEVPVPEPGPDEVLIKVAACGICGTDLHIYEGEFGA---APPLVPGHEFAGVVVAVGSK 70
Query: 82 TTHWNIGDEVCALVN-----------------------G----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPI 114
T + +GD V N G GG+AEY + I
Sbjct: 71 VTGFKVGDRVAVDPNIYCGECFYCRRGRPNLCENLTAVGVTRNGGFAEYVVVPAKQVYKI 130
Query: 115 PKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLA-SYFGATV 173
P + +AA L E + ++ G +VL+ G IG QL + V
Sbjct: 131 PDNLSFEEAA-LAEPLSCA-VHGLDLLGIKPGDSVLVFGAGP-IGLLLAQLLKLNGASRV 187
Query: 174 YTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLT 232
+EEK KLGA ++ +ED QKE G D++++ G + L Q +
Sbjct: 188 TVAEPNEEKLELAKKLGATETVDPSRED--PEAQKEDNPYGFDVVIEATGVPKTLEQAIE 245
Query: 233 LLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNP--IISKRITITGS 269
+ G +++ F ++++P I K +TI GS
Sbjct: 246 YARRGGTVLV--FGVYAPDARVSISPFEIFQKELTIIGS 282
>gnl|CDD|176230 cd08269, Zn_ADH9, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 312
Score = 91.6 bits (228), Expect = 3e-19
Identities = 66/229 (28%), Positives = 107/229 (46%), Gaps = 13/229 (5%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGV---NRPDVMQ-RKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDL 78
+ E P P P ++L++VE GV + P Q R P + P G E G++V L
Sbjct: 9 VEEHPRPTPGPGQVLVRVEGCGVCGSDLPAFNQGRPWFVYPAEPGGP--GHEGWGRVVAL 66
Query: 79 GENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLF 138
G +GD V L GG +AEY L+ H +P+P + + P N+F
Sbjct: 67 GPGVRGLAVGDRVAGLS-GGAFAEYDLADADHAVPLPS---LLDGQAFPGEPLGCALNVF 122
Query: 139 QTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK-LGAKHAINY 197
+ +R+G+TV + G IG +QLA+ GA LA + LGA +
Sbjct: 123 RRGWIRAGKTVAVIGAGF-IGLLFLQLAAAAGARRVIAIDRRPARLALARELGATEVVTD 181
Query: 198 LKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISF 245
E +E +++ T G G D++++ VG L+ L+++ G+L+I +
Sbjct: 182 DSEAIVERVRELTGGAGADVVIEAVGHQWPLDLAGELVAERGRLVIFGY 230
>gnl|CDD|176208 cd08246, crotonyl_coA_red, crotonyl-CoA reductase. Crotonyl-CoA
reductase, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent conversion of crotonyl-CoA to
butyryl-CoA, a step in (2S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
production for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.
Like enoyl reductase, another enzyme in fatty acid
synthesis, crotonyl-CoA reductase is a member of the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 393
Score = 90.6 bits (225), Expect = 5e-19
Identities = 63/218 (28%), Positives = 90/218 (41%), Gaps = 47/218 (21%)
Query: 27 PIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVN---------RP----DVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAG 73
P+P+ E+L+ V A GVN P QR+G P I G + +G
Sbjct: 36 PVPELGPGEVLVAVMAAGVNYNNVWAALGEPVSTFAARQRRGRDEPYH----IGGSDASG 91
Query: 74 KIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV---CALVNG-------------------------GGYAEYCL 105
+ +GE +W +GDEV C++ +G G +A++ L
Sbjct: 92 IVWAVGEGVKNWKVGDEVVVHCSVWDGNDPERAGGDPMFDPSQRIWGYETNYGSFAQFAL 151
Query: 106 SHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLF--QTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAI 163
+P PK + +AA+ T + LF ++ G VLI G S G+G+ AI
Sbjct: 152 VQATQLMPKPKHLSWEEAAAYMLVGATAYRMLFGWNPNTVKPGDNVLIWGASGGLGSMAI 211
Query: 164 QLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKED 201
QLA GA SEEK C LGA+ IN D
Sbjct: 212 QLARAAGANPVAVVSSEEKAEYCRALGAEGVINRRDFD 249
>gnl|CDD|176252 cd08292, ETR_like_2, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR) like
proteins, child 2. 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR)
like proteins. ETR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent
conversion of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier
protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty
acid synthesis. 2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has
been linked in Candida tropicalis as essential in
maintaining mitiochondrial respiratory function. This
ETR family is a part of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack the zinc
coordination sites characteristic of the 2-enoyl
thioester reductase (ETR) like proteins. ETR catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent dependent conversion of
trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A (ACP/CoA)
to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis. 2-enoyl
thioester reductase activity has been linked in Candida
tropicalis as essential in maintaining mitiochondrial
respiratory function. This ETR family is a part of the
medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lack
the zinc coordination sites characteristic of the
alcohol dehydrogenases in this family.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically
form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or
tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active
site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic
domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the
catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active
site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational
closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically
precedes and contributes to substrate binding. Candida
tropicalis enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes
the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl
thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p
forms homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 324
Score = 90.1 bits (224), Expect = 8e-19
Identities = 73/329 (22%), Positives = 135/329 (41%), Gaps = 11/329 (3%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGK-SNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP 65
MR + +G ++V+ + E P P P E+L++ ++ D+ +G Y
Sbjct: 1 MRAAVHTQFGDPADVLEIGEVPKPTPGAGEVLVRTTLSPIHNHDLWTIRGTYGYKPELPA 60
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYN---AIQ 122
I G E G + +GE +G V G +AEY ++ +P+P G + A Q
Sbjct: 61 IGGSEAVGVVDAVGEGVKGLQVGQRVAVAPVHGTWAEYFVAPADGLVPLPDGISDEVAAQ 120
Query: 123 AASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEK 182
++P S L ++ GQ ++ + +G LA+ G V + +
Sbjct: 121 LIAMPLSA----LMLLDFLGVKPGQWLIQNAAGGAVGKLVAMLAAARGINVINLVRRDAG 176
Query: 183 CLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLII 242
LG ++ + + + +++ G I + LD VG + + L+LL + G L+
Sbjct: 177 VAELRALGIGPVVSTEQPGWQDKVREAAGGAPISVALDSVGGKLAGELLSLLGEGGTLVS 236
Query: 243 ISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPL-LNSHVIAP 301
+ G +I+ +I K+ T+ G R + R + ++ L L ++ P
Sbjct: 237 FGSMSGEP-MQISSGDLIFKQATVRGFWGGRWSQEMSVEYRKRMIAELLTLALKGQLLLP 295
Query: 302 VIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
V V LG A A + GK++L
Sbjct: 296 V-EAVFDLGDAAKAAAASMRPGRAGKVLL 323
>gnl|CDD|31262 COG1062, AdhC, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, class III
[Energy production and conversion].
Length = 366
Score = 89.5 bits (222), Expect = 1e-18
Identities = 80/356 (22%), Positives = 125/356 (35%), Gaps = 67/356 (18%)
Query: 28 IPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNI 87
+ P+ E+L+++ A GV D G P A +LG E AG + +GE T
Sbjct: 22 LDPPRAGEVLVRITATGVCHTDAHTLSGDDPEGFPA--VLGHEGAGIVEAVGEGVTSVKP 79
Query: 88 GDEV-------------------------------CALVNG-----------------GG 99
GD V + +G
Sbjct: 80 GDHVILLFTPECGQCKFCLSGKPNLCEAIRATQGKGTMPDGTTRLSGNGVPVYHYLGCST 139
Query: 100 YAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIG 159
+AEY + H+ + I +A L T + TA + G TV + G G+G
Sbjct: 140 FAEYTVVHEISLVKIDPDAPLEKACLLGCGVTTGIGAVVNTAKVEPGDTVAVF-GLGGVG 198
Query: 160 TTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDII 218
AIQ A GA + + EK K GA H +N + D + E G D
Sbjct: 199 LAAIQGAKAAGAGRIIAVDINPEKLELAKKFGATHFVNPKEVDDVVEAIVELTDGGADYA 258
Query: 219 LDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPI-ISKRITITGSTL---RR 273
+ VG E + Q L + G +II EI+ P + GS R
Sbjct: 259 FECVGNVEVMRQALEATHRGGTSVIIGV--AGAGQEISTRPFQLVTGRVWKGSAFGGARP 316
Query: 274 RTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKII 329
R+DI + + + K+ + ++ +PL + A D+M + + I +I
Sbjct: 317 RSDIPRL-VDLYMAGKL-------PLDRLVTHTIPLEDINEAFDLMHEGKSIRSVI 364
>gnl|CDD|176209 cd08247, AST1_like, AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein associated with
the periplasmic membrane in yeast. This group contains
members identified in targeting of yeast membrane
proteins ATPase. AST1 is a cytoplasmic protein
associated with the periplasmic membrane in yeast,
identified as a multicopy suppressor of pma1 mutants
which cause temperature sensitive growth arrest due to
the inability of ATPase to target to the cell surface.
This family is homologous to the medium chain family of
dehydrogenases and reductases. Medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 352
Score = 88.9 bits (221), Expect = 2e-18
Identities = 65/221 (29%), Positives = 94/221 (42%), Gaps = 27/221 (12%)
Query: 25 ESPIP-QPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI-LGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
+ P+P + EI++KV A +N D+ Y LG + +G IV +G N
Sbjct: 19 KLPLPNCYKDNEIVVKVHAAALNPVDLKLYNS-YTFHFKVKEKGLGRDYSGVIVKVGSNV 77
Query: 83 -THWNIGDEVCAL---VNG--GGYAEYCL-----SHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFF 131
+ W +GDEVC + G G ++Y L + T P+ + +AA+ P
Sbjct: 78 ASEWKVGDEVCGIYPHPYGGQGTLSQYLLVDPKKDKKSIT-RKPENISLEEAAAWPLVLG 136
Query: 132 TVWANLFQT-ANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA--TVYTTA--KSEEKCLAC 186
T + L L VL+ GGS+ +G AIQLA TV T +S E
Sbjct: 137 TAYQILEDLGQKLGPDSKVLVLGGSTSVGRFAIQLAKNHYNIGTVVGTCSSRSAEL---N 193
Query: 187 LKLGAKHAINYLKED----FLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG 223
KLGA H I+Y +L+ D+ILD VG
Sbjct: 194 KKLGADHFIDYDAHSGVKLLKPVLENVKGQGKFDLILDCVG 234
>gnl|CDD|176202 cd08240, 6_hydroxyhexanoate_dh_like, 6-hydroxyhexanoate
dehydrogenase. 6-hydroxyhexanoate dehydrogenase, an
enzyme of the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family of medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases
catalyzes the conversion of 6-hydroxyhexanoate and
NAD(+) to 6-oxohexanoate + NADH and H+.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H)-binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains, at the active site, and coenzyme binding
induces a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme
binding typically precedes and contributes to substrate
binding. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine, the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the
alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 350
Score = 86.9 bits (216), Expect = 8e-18
Identities = 75/310 (24%), Positives = 120/310 (38%), Gaps = 60/310 (19%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLY--------- 57
M+ A+ GK + E P+P E+L+KV A GV D+ G Y
Sbjct: 1 MKAAAVVEPGKP--LEEVEIDTPKPPGTEVLVKVTACGVCHSDLHIWDGGYDLGGGKTMS 58
Query: 58 ------PPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV-------------------- 91
P +LG E+ G++V +G + +GD+V
Sbjct: 59 LDDRGVKLPL----VLGHEIVGEVVAVGPDAADVKVGDKVLVYPWIGCGECPVCLAGDEN 114
Query: 92 -CA------LVNGGGYAEYCL-SHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANL 143
CA + GGYAEY + H + + G + AA+L S T ++ + +
Sbjct: 115 LCAKGRALGIFQDGGYAEYVIVPHSRYLVDPG-GLDPALAATLACSGLTAYSAV-KKLMP 172
Query: 144 RSGQT--VLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTA-KSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKE 200
V+I G+ G+G A+ L G E K A GA +N
Sbjct: 173 LVADEPVVII--GAGGLGLMALALLKALGPANIIVVDIDEAKLEAAKAAGADVVVNGSDP 230
Query: 201 DFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAE-YLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPI 259
D + + K G G+D ++D V + +L+K GKL+++ GG + L +
Sbjct: 231 DAAKRIIKAAGG-GVDAVIDFVNNSATASLAFDILAKGGKLVLVGLFGGEA--TLPLPLL 287
Query: 260 ISKRITITGS 269
+ +TI GS
Sbjct: 288 PLRALTIQGS 297
>gnl|CDD|176195 cd08233, butanediol_DH_like, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase.
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, a zinc-dependent
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase, catalyzes the
NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and
meso-butanediol to acetoin. BDH functions as a
homodimer. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Sorbitol and aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding
proteins of the polyol pathway, which interconverts
glucose and fructose. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is
tetrameric and has a single catalytic zinc per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 84.5 bits (210), Expect = 3e-17
Identities = 70/297 (23%), Positives = 117/297 (39%), Gaps = 50/297 (16%)
Query: 15 YGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPP---PKNANP------ 65
+G+ ++ E P P + E+ IKV G+ D+ + L P P +P
Sbjct: 7 HGRKDIRV-EEVPEPPVKPGEVKIKVAWCGICGSDLHEY--LDGPIFIPTEGHPHLTGET 63
Query: 66 ---ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCA----------------------------L 94
LG E +G +V++G T + +GD V
Sbjct: 64 APVTLGHEFSGVVVEVGSGVTGFKVGDRVVVEPTIKCGTCGACKRGLYNLCDSLGFIGLG 123
Query: 95 VNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGG 154
GGG+AEY + H +P +AA L E W + + + + G T L+ G
Sbjct: 124 GGGGGFAEYVVVPAYHVHKLPDNVPLEEAA-LVEPLAVAW-HAVRRSGFKPGDTALVLGA 181
Query: 155 SSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGR 213
IG I GA+ + + SE + +LGA ++ + D + ++K T G
Sbjct: 182 GP-IGLLTILALKAAGASKIIVSEPSEARRELAEELGATIVLDPTEVDVVAEVRKLTGGG 240
Query: 214 GIDIILDMVGAEY-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
G+D+ D G + L+ + L G + ++ I N N ++ K T+TGS
Sbjct: 241 GVDVSFDCAGVQATLDTAIDALRPRGTAVNVAIWEKPI--SFNPNDLVLKEKTLTGS 295
>gnl|CDD|176240 cd08279, Zn_ADH_class_III, Class III alcohol dehydrogenase.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs,
Class III ADH) are members of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. Class III ADH are also known as
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH),
which convert aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid
and alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 363
Score = 84.5 bits (210), Expect = 4e-17
Identities = 77/308 (25%), Positives = 118/308 (38%), Gaps = 63/308 (20%)
Query: 28 IPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNI 87
+ P E+L+++ A G+ D+ G P P A +LG E AG + ++G T
Sbjct: 20 LDDPGPGEVLVRIAAAGLCHSDLHVVTGDLPAPLPA--VLGHEGAGVVEEVGPGVTGVKP 77
Query: 88 GDEV---------------------CALVNG--------------------------GGY 100
GD V C L G G +
Sbjct: 78 GDHVVLSWIPACGTCRYCSRGQPNLCDLGAGILGGQLPDGTRRFTADGEPVGAMCGLGTF 137
Query: 101 AEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG-GSSGIG 159
AEY + + + I +AA L T + TA +R G TV + G G G+G
Sbjct: 138 AEYTVVPEASVVKIDDDIPLDRAALLGCGVTTGVGAVVNTARVRPGDTVAVIGCG--GVG 195
Query: 160 TTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDII 218
AIQ A GA + EK + GA H +N ++D +E ++ T GRG D
Sbjct: 196 LNAIQGARIAGASRIIAVDPVPEKLELARRFGATHTVNASEDDAVEAVRDLTDGRGADYA 255
Query: 219 LDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPII----SKRI--TITGSTL 271
+ VG A + Q L + K G +++ G ++L + KR+ ++ GS
Sbjct: 256 FEAVGRAATIRQALAMTRKGGTAVVVG--MGPPGETVSLPALELFLSEKRLQGSLYGSA- 312
Query: 272 RRRTDIAK 279
R DI +
Sbjct: 313 NPRRDIPR 320
>gnl|CDD|176250 cd08290, ETR, 2-enoyl thioester reductase (ETR). 2-enoyl thioester
reductase (ETR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion
of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein/coenzyme A
(ACP/CoA) to acyl-(ACP/CoA) in fatty acid synthesis.
2-enoyl thioester reductase activity has been linked in
Candida tropicalis as essential in maintaining
mitiochondrial respiratory function. This ETR family is
a part of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lack the zinc coordination sites
characteristic of the alcohol dehydrogenases in this
family. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a
distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains, at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. Candida tropicalis
enoyl thioester reductase (Etr1p) catalyzes the
NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in
mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Etr1p forms
homodimers, with each subunit containing a
nucleotide-binding Rossmann fold domain and a catalytic
domain.
Length = 341
Score = 79.2 bits (196), Expect = 2e-15
Identities = 75/315 (23%), Positives = 125/315 (39%), Gaps = 26/315 (8%)
Query: 13 SGYGK-SNVMFLAESPIPQPQ-KEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYP--PPKNANP--I 66
+ +G+ V+ L IP P E+L+K+ A +N D+ Q +G+YP PP P +
Sbjct: 7 TEHGEPKEVLQLESYEIPPPGPPNEVLVKMLAAPINPADINQIQGVYPIKPPTTPEPPAV 66
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGG-YAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAAS 125
G E G++V +G GD V L G G + + + + +P + QAA+
Sbjct: 67 GGNEGVGEVVKVGSGVKSLKPGDWVIPLRPGLGTWRTHAVVPADDLIKVPNDVDPEQAAT 126
Query: 126 LPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATV---------YTT 176
L + T + L L+ G V+ +G +S +G IQLA G
Sbjct: 127 LSVNPCTAYRLLEDFVKLQPGDWVIQNGANSAVGQAVIQLAKLLGIKTINVVRDRPDLEE 186
Query: 177 AKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINY---LKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTL 233
K K LGA H + E+L K G + L+ VG + + L
Sbjct: 187 LKERLK-----ALGADHVLTEEELRSLLATELL-KSAPGGRPKLALNCVGGKSATELARL 240
Query: 234 LSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPL 293
LS G ++ + G + + +I K IT+ G L R A ++ + ++ L
Sbjct: 241 LSPGGTMVTYGGMSGQ-PVTVPTSLLIFKDITLRGFWLTRWLKRANPEEKEDMLEELAEL 299
Query: 294 LNSHVIAPVIHTVLP 308
+ + +
Sbjct: 300 IREGKLKAPPVEKVT 314
>gnl|CDD|36410 KOG1196, KOG1196, KOG1196, Predicted NAD-dependent oxidoreductase
[General function prediction only].
Length = 343
Score = 75.3 bits (185), Expect = 2e-14
Identities = 62/233 (26%), Positives = 94/233 (40%), Gaps = 36/233 (15%)
Query: 56 LYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQ--GHTLP 113
PP + PI G V K++D G ++ GD V +V G+ EY +
Sbjct: 65 YAPPYEPGKPIDGFGV-AKVIDSGH--PNYKKGDLVWGIV---GWEEYSVITPNDLEHFK 118
Query: 114 IPKGYNAIQAASLPESFF---------TVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQ 164
I + +P S++ T +A ++ + + G+TV + S +G Q
Sbjct: 119 IQHPTD------VPLSYYLGLLGMPGLTAYAGFYEICSPKKGETVFVSAASGAVGQLVGQ 172
Query: 165 LASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACL-KLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG 223
A G V +A S+EK K G A NY +E L K GIDI + VG
Sbjct: 173 FAKLMGCYVVGSAGSKEKVDLLKTKFGFDDAFNYKEESDLSAALKRCFPEGIDIYFENVG 232
Query: 224 AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNP--------IISKRITITG 268
+ L+ L ++ G++ + G I+ NP II KRI I G
Sbjct: 233 GKMLDAVLLNMNLHGRIA----VCGMISQYNLENPEGLHNLSTIIYKRIRIQG 281
>gnl|CDD|176201 cd08239, THR_DH_like, L-threonine dehydrogenase (TDH)-like.
MDR/AHD-like proteins, including a protein annotated as
a threonine dehydrogenase. L-threonine dehydrogenase
(TDH) catalyzes the zinc-dependent formation of
2-amino-3-ketobutyrate from L-threonine via
NAD(H)-dependent oxidation. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Zinc-dependent ADHs are medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase type proteins (MDRs) and have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. In addition to alcohol
dehydrogenases, this group includes quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and
numerous others. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 75.0 bits (185), Expect = 2e-14
Identities = 74/279 (26%), Positives = 113/279 (40%), Gaps = 39/279 (13%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
L E P+P P E+L++V+A G+ D+ + P I G E AG +V +G
Sbjct: 14 LREFPVPVPGPGEVLLRVKASGLCGSDLHYYYHGHRAPAYQGVIPGHEPAGVVVAVGPGV 73
Query: 83 THWNIGDEV-------CALVNG---------------------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPI 114
TH+ +GD V C GG+AEY L + +P+
Sbjct: 74 THFRVGDRVMVYHYVGCGACRNCRRGWMQLCTSKRAAYGWNRDGGHAEYMLVPEKTLIPL 133
Query: 115 PKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG-GSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT- 172
P + A L T + L + + TVL+ G G G+G LA GA
Sbjct: 134 PDDLSFADGALLLCGIGTAYHAL-RRVGVSGRDTVLVVGAGPVGLGALM--LARALGAED 190
Query: 173 VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYL-NQHL 231
V S E+ LGA IN ++D EI ++ T G G D+ ++ G L
Sbjct: 191 VIGVDPSPERLELAKALGADFVINSGQDDVQEI-RELTSGAGADVAIECSGNTAARRLAL 249
Query: 232 TLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNP-IISKRITITGS 269
+ G+L+ +G I ++ +I K+ T+ GS
Sbjct: 250 EAVRPWGRLV---LVGEGGELTIEVSNDLIRKQRTLIGS 285
>gnl|CDD|35248 KOG0025, KOG0025, KOG0025, Zn2+-binding dehydrogenase (nuclear
receptor binding factor-1) [Transcription, Energy
production and conversion].
Length = 354
Score = 70.7 bits (173), Expect = 5e-13
Identities = 74/344 (21%), Positives = 136/344 (39%), Gaps = 18/344 (5%)
Query: 1 MPICKKMRHVAMSGYGK-SNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYP- 58
+ + + + S +G + V+ L +P ++L+K+ A +N D+ Q +G+YP
Sbjct: 14 SQMPARSKALVYSEHGDPAKVLQLKNLELPAVPGSDVLVKMLAAPINPSDINQIQGVYPV 73
Query: 59 -PPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCAL-VNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPK 116
P A + G E G++V +G N + GD V L N G + + + + + K
Sbjct: 74 RPELPA--VGGNEGVGEVVAVGSNVKGFKPGDWVIPLSANLGTWRTEAVFSESDLIKVDK 131
Query: 117 GYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFG----AT 172
AA+L + T + L L G +V+ +G +SG+G IQLA G
Sbjct: 132 DIPLASAATLSVNPCTAYRMLKDFVQLNKGDSVIQNGANSGVGQAVIQLAKALGIKTINV 191
Query: 173 VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLT 232
V EE LGA I + ++ + + + L+ VG + +
Sbjct: 192 VRDRPNIEELKKQLKSLGATEVITEEELRDRKMKKFKGDNPRPRLALNCVGGKSATEIAR 251
Query: 233 LLSKEGKLIIISFLGG--NIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQS-IRDSLQLK 289
L + G ++ GG + + +I K + + G + R K R + +
Sbjct: 252 YLERGGTMVT---YGGMSKQPVTVPTSLLIFKDLKLRGFWVTRWKKEHKSPEERKEMIDE 308
Query: 290 IWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHD--IMEKSEHIGKIILL 331
+ L + +PL A D + + + +II+L
Sbjct: 309 LCDLYRRGKLKAPNCEKVPLADHKTALDAALSKFGKSGKQIIVL 352
>gnl|CDD|176193 cd08231, MDR_TM0436_like, Hypothetical enzyme TM0436 resembles the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH). This group
contains the hypothetical TM0436 alcohol dehydrogenase
from Thermotoga maritima, proteins annotated as
5-exo-alcohol dehydrogenase, and other members of the
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
MDR, which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. MDRs display
a broad range of activities and are distinguished from
the smaller short chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino
acids vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR
proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P)
binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and an
N-terminal catalytic domain with distant homology to
GroES. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 361
Score = 69.6 bits (171), Expect = 1e-12
Identities = 72/298 (24%), Positives = 109/298 (36%), Gaps = 60/298 (20%)
Query: 25 ESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKG---LYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLG-E 80
E P+P + +L++V GV DV G P P ILG E G++V LG
Sbjct: 17 EVPLPDLEPGAVLVRVRLAGVCGSDVHTVAGRRPRVPLPI----ILGHEGVGRVVALGGG 72
Query: 81 NTTHWN-----IGDEV---------------------CALV-------------NGGGYA 101
TT +GD V C GGYA
Sbjct: 73 VTTDVAGEPLKVGDRVTWSVGAPCGRCYRCLVGDPTKCENRKKYGHEASCDDPHLSGGYA 132
Query: 102 EYCLSHQG-HTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRS-GQTVLIHGGSSGIG 159
E+ G + +P AA + TV A G TV++ G+ +G
Sbjct: 133 EHIYLPPGTAIVRVPDNVPDEVAAPANCALATV-LAALDRAGPVGAGDTVVVQ-GAGPLG 190
Query: 160 TTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAIN---YLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
A+ A GA V S E+ + GA I+ I++ T GRG
Sbjct: 191 LYAVAAAKLAGARRVIVIDGSPERLELAREFGADATIDIDELPDPQRRAIVRDITGGRGA 250
Query: 216 DIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNP--IISKRITITGST 270
D++++ G + + L LL + G +++ + A + L+P I+ K +TI G
Sbjct: 251 DVVIEASGHPAAVPEGLELLRRGGTYVLVGSVAP--AGTVPLDPERIVRKNLTIIGVH 306
>gnl|CDD|176188 cd05285, sorbitol_DH, Sorbitol dehydrogenase. Sorbitol and aldose
reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol
pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose.
Sorbitol dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single
catalytic zinc per subunit. Aldose reductase catalyzes
the NADP(H)-dependent conversion of glucose to sorbital,
and SDH uses NAD(H) in the conversion of sorbitol to
fructose. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the
major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 343
Score = 67.5 bits (166), Expect = 4e-12
Identities = 79/291 (27%), Positives = 122/291 (41%), Gaps = 54/291 (18%)
Query: 21 MFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDV----MQRKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEVAGKI 75
+ L E PIP+P E+L++V A+G+ DV R G + + P +LG E AG +
Sbjct: 10 LRLEERPIPEPGPGEVLVRVRAVGICGSDVHYYKHGRIGDFVVKE---PMVLGHESAGTV 66
Query: 76 VDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGG---GYAEYCLSHQGH-----------TLPIPKG---- 117
V +G TH +GD V + G E+C S G T P+ G
Sbjct: 67 VAVGSGVTHLKVGDRVA--IEPGVPCRTCEFCKS--GRYNLCPDMRFAATPPVD-GTLCR 121
Query: 118 YNAIQAA---SLPESFFTVWANLF----------QTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG-IGTTAI 163
Y A LP++ L + A +R G TVL+ G +G IG
Sbjct: 122 YVNHPADFCHKLPDNVSLEEGALVEPLSVGVHACRRAGVRPGDTVLVFG--AGPIGLLTA 179
Query: 164 QLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEI---LQKETQGRGIDIIL 219
+A FGAT V T + +LGA H +N ED E + + G+G D+++
Sbjct: 180 AVAKAFGATKVVVTDIDPSRLEFAKELGATHTVNVRTEDTPESAEKIAELLGGKGPDVVI 239
Query: 220 DMVGAEY-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
+ GAE + + G ++++ +G T + L+ + I I G
Sbjct: 240 ECTGAESCIQTAIYATRPGGTVVLVG-MGKPEVT-LPLSAASLREIDIRGV 288
>gnl|CDD|176244 cd08284, FDH_like_2, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 2.
Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases (FDHs)
are members of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)
is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD
to formate and NADH. The initial step in this process
the spontaneous formation of a
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from formaldehyde
and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated oxidation (and
detoxification) of the adduct to S-formylglutathione.
These tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that resides
between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. The
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 344
Score = 67.3 bits (165), Expect = 5e-12
Identities = 91/369 (24%), Positives = 148/369 (40%), Gaps = 68/369 (18%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQ-KEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP 65
M+ V G G V E PIPQ Q + ++KV A + D+ +G P
Sbjct: 1 MKAVVFKGPGDVRV---EEVPIPQIQDPTDAIVKVTAAAICGSDLHIYRGHIPSTPGF-- 55
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV---------------------CALVN-------- 96
+LG E G++V++G +GD V CA
Sbjct: 56 VLGHEFVGEVVEVGPEVRTLKVGDRVVSPFTIACGECFYCRRGQSGRCAKGGLFGYAGSP 115
Query: 97 --GGGYAEYCL-SHQGHTL-PIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIH 152
G AEY TL +P G + A L + T + + A +R G TV +
Sbjct: 116 NLDGAQAEYVRVPFADGTLLKLPDGLSDEAALLLGDILPTGYFGA-KRAQVRPGDTVAVI 174
Query: 153 GGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQ 211
G +G A+ A GA V+ E+ LGA IN+ + +E +++ T+
Sbjct: 175 GCGP-VGLCAVLSAQVLGAARVFAVDPVPERLERAAALGA-EPINFEDAEPVERVREATE 232
Query: 212 GRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPI--ISKRITITG 268
GRG D++L+ VG A L+ L+ G +IS +G + A E + +K +T+
Sbjct: 233 GRGADVVLEAVGGAAALDLAFDLVRPGG---VISSVGVHTAEEFPFPGLDAYNKNLTL-- 287
Query: 269 STLRRRTDIAK---QSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAP--VIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSE 323
+ +S+ L PLL S + +I +PL + A+ + +K +
Sbjct: 288 -------RFGRCPVRSLFPEL----LPLLESGRLDLEFLIDHRMPLEEAPEAYRLFDKRK 336
Query: 324 HIGKIILLP 332
+ K++L P
Sbjct: 337 -VLKVVLDP 344
>gnl|CDD|176218 cd08256, Zn_ADH2, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group has the characteristic catalytic and structural
zinc-binding sites of the zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 350
Score = 66.3 bits (162), Expect = 1e-11
Identities = 89/359 (24%), Positives = 133/359 (37%), Gaps = 73/359 (20%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGL--------YPPPKNANPILGLEVAGK 74
L E P+P+P EIL+KVEA G+ D+ G PP I G E G+
Sbjct: 14 LEEVPVPRPGPGEILVKVEACGICAGDIKCYHGAPSFWGDENQPPYVKPPMIPGHEFVGR 73
Query: 75 IVDLGENTTHWN--IGDEV----------CALVNGGGY-------------------AEY 103
+V+LGE +GD V C N G Y AEY
Sbjct: 74 VVELGEGAEERGVKVGDRVISEQIVPCWNCRFCNRGQYWMCQKHDLYGFQNNVNGGMAEY 133
Query: 104 ------CLSHQ-GHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG-GS 155
+ H+ +P AI L + V AN++ V++ G G
Sbjct: 134 MRFPKEAIVHKVPDDIPPED---AILIEPLACALHAV-----DRANIKFDDVVVLAGAGP 185
Query: 156 SGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI 215
G+G + K E LA K GA +N + D +E +++ T G G
Sbjct: 186 LGLGMIGAARLKNPKKLIVLDLKDERLALA-RKFGADVVLNPPEVDVVEKIKELTGGYGC 244
Query: 216 DIILDMVGAEY-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIIS--KRITITGSTLR 272
DI ++ G + Q L ++ K G+ + S G + + + II K + + GS L
Sbjct: 245 DIYIEATGHPSAVEQGLNMIRKLGRFVEFSVFGDPVTVDWS---IIGDRKELDVLGSHLG 301
Query: 273 RRT-DIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
IA I L + I V H PL A ++M + + K++L
Sbjct: 302 PYCYPIAIDLIASG-------RLPTDGI--VTHQ-FPLEDFEEAFELMARGDDSIKVVL 350
>gnl|CDD|35245 KOG0022, KOG0022, KOG0022, Alcohol dehydrogenase, class III
[Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and
catabolism].
Length = 375
Score = 64.1 bits (156), Expect = 5e-11
Identities = 72/367 (19%), Positives = 126/367 (34%), Gaps = 71/367 (19%)
Query: 21 MFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEVAGKIVDLG 79
+ + E + P+ E+ IK+ A GV D G P P ILG E AG + +G
Sbjct: 20 LVIEEIEVAPPKAHEVRIKILATGVCHTDAYVWSGKDPEG--LFPVILGHEAAGIVESVG 77
Query: 80 ENTTHWNIGDEV-------------CA--------------------------------- 93
E T GD V C
Sbjct: 78 EGVTTVKPGDHVIPLFTPQCGECKFCKSPKTNLCEKFRADNGKGGMPYDGTSRFTCKGKP 137
Query: 94 ---LVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVL 150
+ ++EY + I + L T + + TA + G TV
Sbjct: 138 IYHFMGTSTFSEYTVVDDISVAKIDPSAPLEKVCLLGCGVSTGYGAAWNTAKVEPGSTVA 197
Query: 151 IHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAIN--YLKEDFLEILQ 207
+ G G+G A GA+ + + +K + GA IN LK+ E++
Sbjct: 198 VF-GLGGVGLAVAMGAKAAGASRIIGVDINPDKFEKAKEFGATEFINPKDLKKPIQEVII 256
Query: 208 KETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKE--GKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRIT 265
+ T G G+D + +G + + GK ++I +++ R T
Sbjct: 257 EMTDG-GVDYSFECIGNVSTMRAALESCHKGWGKSVVIGVAAAGQEISTRPFQLVTGR-T 314
Query: 266 ITGST---LRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKS 322
GS + ++DI K ++D ++ K+ + I LP ++ A D++ +
Sbjct: 315 WKGSAFGGFKSKSDIPK-LVKDYMKKKL-------NLDEFITHELPFEEINKAFDLLHEG 366
Query: 323 EHIGKII 329
+ I ++
Sbjct: 367 KSIRCVL 373
>gnl|CDD|176223 cd08262, Zn_ADH8, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 341
Score = 64.3 bits (157), Expect = 5e-11
Identities = 83/360 (23%), Positives = 135/360 (37%), Gaps = 56/360 (15%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGV--------NRPDVMQRKGLYP 58
MR + + + P P+P ++L+KV A G+ P+ M P
Sbjct: 1 MRAAVFRD----GPLVVRDVPDPEPGPGQVLVKVLACGICGSDLHATAHPEAMVDDAGGP 56
Query: 59 PPKNANP--ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTH-WNIGDEVCAL-----------------VNGG 98
+ +LG E G++VD G T +G V +L G
Sbjct: 57 SLMDLGADIVLGHEFCGEVVDYGPGTERKLKVGTRVTSLPLLLCGQGASCGIGLSPEAPG 116
Query: 99 GYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGI 158
GYAEY L + L +P G + AA L E V + + A L G+ L+ G I
Sbjct: 117 GYAEYMLLSEALLLRVPDGLSMEDAA-LTEP-LAVGLHAVRRARLTPGEVALVIGCGP-I 173
Query: 159 GTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGI-- 215
G I G + + S E+ L +GA ++ + E G
Sbjct: 174 GLAVIAALKARGVGPIVASDFSPERRALALAMGADIVVDPAADSPFAAWAAELARAGGPK 233
Query: 216 -DIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPI--ISKRITITGSTLR 272
+I + VGA L Q + + G I++ +G + ++ N+ P I K +T+ S
Sbjct: 234 PAVIFECVGAPGLIQQIIEGAPPGGRIVV--VGVCMESD-NIEPALAIRKELTLQFSLGY 290
Query: 273 RRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVI--APVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
+ A D+L L + AP++ + L V A + + EH KI++
Sbjct: 291 TPEEFA-----DALD-----ALAEGKVDVAPMVTGTVGLDGVPDAFEALRDPEHHCKILV 340
>gnl|CDD|176217 cd08255, 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl_bacteriochlorophyllide_like,
2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide and
other MDR family members. This subgroup of the medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family has members identified
as 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide A
dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenases. The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability.
Length = 277
Score = 63.1 bits (154), Expect = 1e-10
Identities = 61/277 (22%), Positives = 104/277 (37%), Gaps = 34/277 (12%)
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAAS 125
G G++V++G T + GD V G +AE + +P+P G +AA
Sbjct: 23 PPGYSSVGRVVEVGSGVTGFKPGDRVFCF---GPHAERVVVPANLLVPLPDGLPPERAA- 78
Query: 126 LPESFFTVWA---NLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG-IGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSE 180
+ A N + A R G+ V + G G +G A QLA GA V
Sbjct: 79 ----LTALAATALNGVRDAEPRLGERVAVVGL--GLVGLLAAQLAKAAGAREVVGVDPDA 132
Query: 181 EKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGK 239
+ LG + E GRG D++++ G L L LL G+
Sbjct: 133 ARRELAEALGPADPVA-------ADTADEIGGRGADVVIEASGSPSALETALRLLRDRGR 185
Query: 240 LIIISFLGGNIAT---EINLN--PIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLL 294
++++ + G E + PI S ++ G R R +++ ++L L L
Sbjct: 186 VVLVGWYGLKPLLLGEEFHFKRLPIRSSQVYGIGRYDRPRRWTEARNLEEALDLLAEGRL 245
Query: 295 NSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIG-KIIL 330
+I +P A+ ++ + K++L
Sbjct: 246 -----EALITHRVPFEDAPEAYRLLFEDPPECLKVVL 277
>gnl|CDD|176226 cd08265, Zn_ADH3, Alcohol dehydrogenases of the MDR family. This
group resembles the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
and has the catalytic and structural zinc-binding sites
characteristic of this group. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group contains a
host of activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has
a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in
stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines. Other MDR members have only a catalytic zinc,
and some contain no coordinated zinc.
Length = 384
Score = 62.5 bits (152), Expect = 1e-10
Identities = 62/246 (25%), Positives = 98/246 (39%), Gaps = 45/246 (18%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDV----MQRKG--LYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIV 76
+ + P+P + +EILI+V+A G+ D+ + G LYP ++G E +G +
Sbjct: 41 VEDVPVPNLKPDEILIRVKACGICGSDIHLYETDKDGYILYPGLTEFPVVIGHEFSGVVE 100
Query: 77 DLGENTTHWNIGDEVCA---------------------------LVNGGGYAEYCLSHQG 109
G+N ++ GD V A G +AEY +
Sbjct: 101 KTGKNVKNFEKGDPVTAEEMMWCGMCRACRSGSPNHCKNLKELGFSADGAFAEYIAVNAR 160
Query: 110 HTLPIPK------GYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTA-NLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTA 162
+ I + A +A +L E + LF R G V+++G IG A
Sbjct: 161 YAWEINELREIYSEDKAFEAGALVEPTSVAYNGLFIRGGGFRPGAYVVVYGAGP-IGLAA 219
Query: 163 IQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQK---ETQGRGIDII 218
I LA GA+ V SEE+ ++GA + N K +K T+G G DI
Sbjct: 220 IALAKAAGASKVIAFEISEERRNLAKEMGADYVFNPTKMRDCLSGEKVMEVTKGWGADIQ 279
Query: 219 LDMVGA 224
++ GA
Sbjct: 280 VEAAGA 285
>gnl|CDD|35247 KOG0024, KOG0024, KOG0024, Sorbitol dehydrogenase [Secondary
metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism].
Length = 354
Score = 62.6 bits (152), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 57/291 (19%), Positives = 104/291 (35%), Gaps = 41/291 (14%)
Query: 15 YGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQK-EEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQ-RKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEV 71
GK ++ + PIP +E+L+ ++A+G+ DV G P +LG E
Sbjct: 11 RGKGDIRI-EQRPIPTITDPDEVLVAIKAVGICGSDVHYYTHGRIGDFVVKKPMVLGHES 69
Query: 72 AGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV---------------------------CAL-VNGGGYAEY 103
+G + ++G+ H +GD V CA G AEY
Sbjct: 70 SGIVEEVGDEVKHLKVGDRVAIEPGLPCRDCDFCKEGRYNLCPHMVFCATPPVDGTLAEY 129
Query: 104 CLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAI 163
+ +P + + +L E + A ++ G VL+ G IG
Sbjct: 130 YVHPADFCYKLPDNV-SFEEGALIEPLSVGVHACRR-AGVKKGSKVLVLGAGP-IGLLTG 186
Query: 164 QLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQG----RGIDII 218
+A GA+ V T + K GA + + L + + + D+
Sbjct: 187 LVAKAMGASDVVITDLVANRLELAKKFGATVTDPSSHKSSPQELAELVEKALGKKQPDVT 246
Query: 219 LDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
D GAE + ++ G +++ +G + + + K + + GS
Sbjct: 247 FDCSGAEVTIRAAIKATRSGGTVVLVGMGAEE-IQFPIIDVALKEVDLRGS 296
>gnl|CDD|176183 cd05280, MDR_yhdh_yhfp, Yhdh and yhfp-like putative quinone
oxidoreductases. Yhdh and yhfp-like putative quinone
oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR catalyzes the conversion of a
quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones
are cyclic diones derived from aromatic compounds.
Membrane bound QOR actin the respiratory chains of
bacteria and mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to
protect from toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a
soluble eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 325
Score = 61.8 bits (151), Expect = 2e-10
Identities = 63/224 (28%), Positives = 97/224 (43%), Gaps = 31/224 (13%)
Query: 22 FLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGEN 81
FL P+ + ++LI+V +N D + G +N G++ AG +V +
Sbjct: 16 FLRTLPLDDLPEGDVLIRVHYSSLNYKDALAATGNGGVTRNYPHTPGIDAAGTVVSSDDP 75
Query: 82 TTHWNIGDEVCALVNG--------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTV 133
+ GDEV LV G GG+AEY +P+P+G + +A L + FT
Sbjct: 76 R--FREGDEV--LVTGYDLGMNTDGGFAEYVRVPADWVVPLPEGLSLREAMILGTAGFT- 130
Query: 134 WANLFQTANLRSGQT-----VLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVY-TTAKSEEKCLACL 187
A L +GQT VL+ G + G+G+ A+ + + G TV T K E+
Sbjct: 131 -AALSVHRLEDNGQTPEDGPVLVTGATGGVGSIAVAILAKLGYTVVALTGKEEQADYL-K 188
Query: 188 KLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEI----LQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYL 227
LGA ++ +ED L+ L K I D VG + L
Sbjct: 189 SLGASEVLD--REDLLDESKKPLLKARWAGAI----DTVGGDVL 226
>gnl|CDD|176182 cd05279, Zn_ADH1, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase and related
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48), then the alcohol, which allows the transfer of
a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 61.7 bits (150), Expect = 3e-10
Identities = 80/364 (21%), Positives = 128/364 (35%), Gaps = 71/364 (19%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
+ E + P+ E+ IKV A GV D+ G P P ILG E AG + +G
Sbjct: 15 IEEIEVAPPKAGEVRIKVVATGVCHTDLHVIDGKLPTPLPV--ILGHEGAGIVESIGPGV 72
Query: 83 THWNIGDEV----------CALVNGG---------------------------------- 98
T GD+V C
Sbjct: 73 TTLKPGDKVIPLFGPQCGKCKQCLNPRPNLCSKSRGTNGRGLMSDGTSRFTCKGKPIHHF 132
Query: 99 ----GYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGG 154
+AEY + + I + + F T + TA + G T + G
Sbjct: 133 LGTSTFAEYTVVSEISLAKIDPDAPLEKVCLIGCGFSTGYGAAVNTAKVTPGSTCAVF-G 191
Query: 155 SSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAK-SEEKCLACLKLGAKHAIN--YLKEDFLEILQKETQ 211
G+G + I GA+ +++K +LGA IN + +E+L E
Sbjct: 192 LGGVGLSVIMGCKAAGASRIIAVDINKDKFEKAKQLGATECINPRDQDKPIVEVL-TEMT 250
Query: 212 GRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNP--IISKRITITG 268
G+D +++G A+ L Q L G ++ + TE L+P +++ R TI G
Sbjct: 251 DGGVDYAFEVIGSADTLKQALDATRLGGGTSVVVGV-PPSGTEATLDPNDLLTGR-TIKG 308
Query: 269 S---TLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHI 325
+ + + + K + Q K PL +I VLP ++ D+M E I
Sbjct: 309 TVFGGWKSKDSVPKL-VALYRQKKF-PL------DELITHVLPFEEINDGFDLMRSGESI 360
Query: 326 GKII 329
I+
Sbjct: 361 RTIL 364
>gnl|CDD|176255 cd08295, double_bond_reductase_like, Arabidopsis alkenal double
bond reductase and leukotriene B4
12-hydroxydehydrogenase. This group includes proteins
identified as the Arabidopsis alkenal double bond
reductase and leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase.
The Arabidopsis enzyme, a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, catalyzes the reduction
of 7-8-double bond of phenylpropanal substrates as a
plant defense mechanism. Prostaglandins and related
eicosanoids (lipid mediators involved in host defense
and inflamation) are metabolized by the oxidation of the
15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
can be metabolized by LTB4 20-hydroxylase in inflamatory
cells, and in other cells by bifunctional LTB4
12-HD/PGR. These 15-PGDH and related enzymes are members
of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. The
medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of an
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 338
Score = 59.6 bits (145), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 70/229 (30%), Positives = 96/229 (41%), Gaps = 27/229 (11%)
Query: 55 GLYPPP-KNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLP 113
LY PP K I G VA K+VD + +GD V G+ EY L +G L
Sbjct: 63 SLYLPPFKPGEVITGYGVA-KVVD--SGNPDFKVGDLVWGFT---GWEEYSLIPRGQDL- 115
Query: 114 IPKGYNAIQAASLPESF---------FTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQ 164
I +P S+ T +A ++ + G+TV + S +G Q
Sbjct: 116 -----RKIDHTDVPLSYYLGLLGMPGLTAYAGFYEVCKPKKGETVFVSAASGAVGQLVGQ 170
Query: 165 LASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKC-LACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG 223
LA G V +A S+EK L KLG A NY +E L+ K GIDI D VG
Sbjct: 171 LAKLKGCYVVGSAGSDEKVDLLKNKLGFDDAFNYKEEPDLDAALKRYFPNGIDIYFDNVG 230
Query: 224 AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLII---IS-FLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITG 268
+ L+ L ++ G++ IS + NL II KR+ I G
Sbjct: 231 GKMLDAVLLNMNLHGRIAACGMISQYNLEWPEGVRNLLNIIYKRVKIQG 279
>gnl|CDD|176239 cd08278, benzyl_alcohol_DH, Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Benzyl
alcohol dehydrogenase is similar to liver alcohol
dehydrogenase, but has some amino acid substitutions
near the active site, which may determine the enzyme's
specificity of oxidizing aromatic substrates. Also
known as aryl-alcohol dehydrogenases, they catalyze the
conversion of an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ to an aromatic
aldehyde + NADH + H+. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 365
Score = 59.0 bits (144), Expect = 2e-09
Identities = 70/295 (23%), Positives = 109/295 (36%), Gaps = 65/295 (22%)
Query: 31 PQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDE 90
P+ +E+L+++ A G+ D++ R G P P A +LG E AG + +G T GD
Sbjct: 25 PRPDEVLVRIVATGICHTDLVVRDGGLPTPLPA--VLGHEGAGVVEAVGSAVTGLKPGDH 82
Query: 91 VCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQ----GHTLPI------PKGYNAIQAASLPE---SFF------ 131
V G CLS + P+ P G + FF
Sbjct: 83 VVLSFASCGECANCLSGHPAYCENFFPLNFSGRRPDGSTPLSLDDGTPVHGHFFGQSSFA 142
Query: 132 -------------------TVWANL---FQT--------ANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTT 161
+ A L QT R G ++ + G +G
Sbjct: 143 TYAVVHERNVVKVDKDVPLELLAPLGCGIQTGAGAVLNVLKPRPGSSIAVFGA-GAVGLA 201
Query: 162 AIQLASYFGAT----VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDI 217
A+ A G T V E LA +LGA H IN +ED + +++ T G G+D
Sbjct: 202 AVMAAKIAGCTTIIAVDIVDSRLE--LA-KELGATHVINPKEEDLVAAIREIT-GGGVDY 257
Query: 218 ILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIII--SFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
LD G + Q + L+ G L ++ G + +++N ++ TI G
Sbjct: 258 ALDTTGVPAVIEQAVDALAPRGTLALVGAPPPGAEV--TLDVNDLLVSGKTIRGV 310
>gnl|CDD|176181 cd05278, FDH_like, Formaldehyde dehydrogenases. Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase (aka ADH3) may be
the ancestral form of alcohol dehydrogenase, which
evolved to detoxify formaldehyde. This CD contains
glutathione dependant FDH, glutathione independent FDH,
and related alcohol dehydrogenases. FDH converts
formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and NAD(P)H. The
initial step in this process the spontaneous formation
of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione adduct from
formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by FDH-mediated
oxidation (and detoxification) of the adduct to
S-formylglutathione. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas
putida aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 347
Score = 56.9 bits (138), Expect = 7e-09
Identities = 80/366 (21%), Positives = 136/366 (37%), Gaps = 59/366 (16%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKE-EILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP 65
M+ + G GK + L E P P+ Q + +++V A + D+ +G P K+
Sbjct: 1 MKALVYLGPGK---IGLEEVPDPKIQGPHDAIVRVTATSICGSDLHIYRGGVPGAKH-GM 56
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV----------------------------CALVNG 97
ILG E G++V++G + GD V L N
Sbjct: 57 ILGHEFVGEVVEVGSDVKRLKPGDRVSVPCITFCGRCRFCRRGYHAHCENGLWGWKLGNR 116
Query: 98 --GGYAEYCL--SHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAAS----LPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTV 149
GG AEY + IP G A LP F + A ++ G TV
Sbjct: 117 IDGGQAEYVRVPYADMNLAKIPDGLPDEDALMLSDILPTGFHGA-----ELAGIKPGSTV 171
Query: 150 LIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQK 208
+ G +G A+ A GA + + E+ + GA IN D +E + +
Sbjct: 172 AVIGAGP-VGLCAVAGARLLGAARIIAVDSNPERLDLAKEAGATDIINPKNGDIVEQILE 230
Query: 209 ETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITIT 267
T GRG+D +++ VG E Q + ++ G + + G L K +T
Sbjct: 231 LTGGRGVDCVIEAVGFEETFEQAVKVVRPGGTIANVGVYGKPD-PLPLLGEWFGKNLTFK 289
Query: 268 GSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIME-KSEHIG 326
+ R + + L L ++ + + H PL + A+ + + K +
Sbjct: 290 TGLVPVRARMPE-----LLDLIEEGKIDPSKL--ITH-RFPLDDILKAYRLFDNKPDGCI 341
Query: 327 KIILLP 332
K+++ P
Sbjct: 342 KVVIRP 347
>gnl|CDD|176194 cd08232, idonate-5-DH, L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase. L-idonate
5-dehydrogenase (L-ido 5-DH ) catalyzes the conversion
of L-lodonate to 5-ketogluconate in the metabolism of
L-Idonate to 6-P-gluconate. In E. coli, this GntII
pathway is a subsidiary pathway to the canonical GntI
system, which also phosphorylates and transports
gluconate. L-ido 5-DH is found in an operon with a
regulator indR, transporter idnT, 5-keto-D-gluconate
5-reductase, and Gnt kinase. L-ido 5-DH is a
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein. The
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH-like family of proteins is a
diverse group of proteins related to the first
identified member, class I mammalian ADH. This group is
also called the medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
family (MDR) which displays a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases(~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal GroES-like catalytic
domain. The MDR group contains a host of activities,
including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl
reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the
NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. ADH-like proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound
zinc atoms per subunit. The active site zinc is
coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water
molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural
role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically
coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Length = 339
Score = 56.5 bits (137), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 82/350 (23%), Positives = 139/350 (39%), Gaps = 65/350 (18%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDV-MQRKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEVAGKIVDLGE 80
+ E P P+P E+ ++V A G+ D+ + G + + P +LG EV+G + +G
Sbjct: 11 VEERPAPEPGPGEVRVRVAAGGICGSDLHYYQHGGFGTVRLREPMVLGHEVSGVVEAVGP 70
Query: 81 NTTHWNIGDEVCALVNG---GGYAEYCLSHQ----------G------HT---------- 111
T G V VN G +YC + + G H
Sbjct: 71 GVTGLAPGQRVA--VNPSRPCGTCDYCRAGRPNLCLNMRFLGSAMRFPHVQGGFREYLVV 128
Query: 112 -----LPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG-IGTTAIQL 165
+P+P G +++ A+L E + + +L G+ VL+ G +G IG +
Sbjct: 129 DASQCVPLPDGL-SLRRAALAEPLAVALHAVNRAGDLA-GKRVLVTG--AGPIGALVVAA 184
Query: 166 ASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLA-CLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRG-IDIILDMVG 223
A GA + LA +GA +N L D L +G D++ + G
Sbjct: 185 ARRAGAAEIVATDLADAPLAVARAMGADETVN-LARDPLAAYA---ADKGDFDVVFEASG 240
Query: 224 AEY-LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSI 282
A L L ++ G ++ + LGG + LN +++K + + GS R + A +++
Sbjct: 241 APAALASALRVVRPGGTVVQVGMLGG--PVPLPLNALVAKELDLRGS-FRFDDEFA-EAV 296
Query: 283 RDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVI--APVIHTVLPLGKVAMAHDIMEKSEHIGKIIL 330
R LL + I P+I V PL + A A + K+ L
Sbjct: 297 R---------LLAAGRIDVRPLITAVFPLEEAAEAFALAADRTRSVKVQL 337
>gnl|CDD|176254 cd08294, leukotriene_B4_DH_like, 13-PGR is a bifunctional enzyme
with delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase and leukotriene
B4 12 hydroxydehydrogenase activity. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto- 13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 329
Score = 55.7 bits (135), Expect = 1e-08
Identities = 64/274 (23%), Positives = 114/274 (41%), Gaps = 34/274 (12%)
Query: 13 SGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVA 72
G K + L E +P + E+L + + V+ P M+ + ++G +VA
Sbjct: 13 DGKPKESDFELVEEELPPLKDGEVLCEALFLSVD-P-YMRPYSKRLNEGD--TMIGTQVA 68
Query: 73 GKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFF- 131
K+++ + + +G V A G+ + +S G P A LP S
Sbjct: 69 -KVIE--SKNSKFPVGTIVVA---SFGWRTHTVS-DGKDQPDLYKLPADLPDDLPPSLAL 121
Query: 132 --------TVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKC 183
T + L + ++G+TV+++G + +G+ Q+A G V A S++K
Sbjct: 122 GVLGMPGLTAYFGLLEICKPKAGETVVVNGAAGAVGSLVGQIAKIKGCKVIGCAGSDDKV 181
Query: 184 LACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIII 243
+LG NY E L KE GID D VG E+ + L+ ++ G++ +
Sbjct: 182 AWLKELGFDAVFNYKTVSLEEAL-KEAAPDGIDCYFDNVGGEFSSTVLSHMNDFGRVAVC 240
Query: 244 SFLGGNIATEINLNP---------IISKRITITG 268
G+I+T + P II K++ + G
Sbjct: 241 ----GSISTYNDKEPKKGPYVQETIIFKQLKMEG 270
>gnl|CDD|176241 cd08281, liver_ADH_like1, Zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH) and class III ADG (AKA formaldehyde
dehydrogenase). NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are
the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. This group contains members
identified as zinc dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
(ADH), and class III ADG (aka formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, FDH). Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
Class III ADH are also know as glutathione-dependent
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), which convert
aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acid and
alcohol. ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains
at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a
conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 371
Score = 55.5 bits (134), Expect = 2e-08
Identities = 67/267 (25%), Positives = 108/267 (40%), Gaps = 55/267 (20%)
Query: 8 RHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI- 66
A + Y S + + E + P E+L+K+ A G+ D+ G P P P+
Sbjct: 8 ETGAPTPYADSRPLVIEEVELDPPGPGEVLVKIAAAGLCHSDLSVINGDRPRPL---PMA 64
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV-------------CA------------------LV 95
LG E AG +V++GE T +GD V CA L+
Sbjct: 65 LGHEAAGVVVEVGEGVTDLEVGDHVVLVFVPSCGHCRPCAEGRPALCEPGAAANGAGTLL 124
Query: 96 NGG-----------------GYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLF 138
+GG +AEY + + + I K AA + T +
Sbjct: 125 SGGRRLRLRGGEINHHLGVSAFAEYAVVSRRSVVKIDKDVPLEIAALFGCAVLTGVGAVV 184
Query: 139 QTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINY 197
TA +R GQ+V + G G+G +A+ A GA+ V +E+K +LGA +N
Sbjct: 185 NTAGVRPGQSVAVV-GLGGVGLSALLGAVAAGASQVVAVDLNEDKLALARELGATATVNA 243
Query: 198 LKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGA 224
+ +E +++ T G G+D +M G+
Sbjct: 244 GDPNAVEQVRELTGG-GVDYAFEMAGS 269
>gnl|CDD|176249 cd08289, MDR_yhfp_like, Yhfp putative quinone oxidoreductases.
yhfp putative quinone oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR
catalyzes the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a
hydroquinone + NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones
derived from aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR
actin the respiratory chains of bacteria and
mitochondria, while soluble QOR acts to protect from
toxic quinones (e.g. DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble
eye-lens protein in some vertebrates (e.g.
zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones through a
semi-quinone intermediate via a NAD(P)H-dependent single
electron transfer. QOR is a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family, but lacks the
zinc-binding sites of the prototypical alcohol
dehydrogenases of this group. NAD(P)(H)-dependent
oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and
NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some
other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion
acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH
is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a
Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding
region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves,
each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif
after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the
close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone.
The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology
to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers
(typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast,
bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a
structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic
and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of
NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the
transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a
zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 326
Score = 55.0 bits (133), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 64/255 (25%), Positives = 104/255 (40%), Gaps = 18/255 (7%)
Query: 25 ESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTH 84
+ + ++LI+V VN D + K I G+++AG +V+ N
Sbjct: 19 NLTLDDLPEGDVLIRVAYSSVNYKDGLASIPGGKIVKRYPFIPGIDLAGTVVE--SNDPR 76
Query: 85 WNIGDEVCALVNG------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLF 138
+ GDEV GGY+EY +P+PKG +A L + FT A L
Sbjct: 77 FKPGDEVIVTSYDLGVSHHGGYSEYARVPAEWVVPLPKGLTLKEAMILGTAGFT--AALS 134
Query: 139 QTANLRSGQT-----VLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKH 193
+G T VL+ G + G+G+ A+ + + G V + + KLGAK
Sbjct: 135 IHRLEENGLTPEQGPVLVTGATGGVGSLAVSILAKLGYEVVASTGKADAADYLKKLGAKE 194
Query: 194 AINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATE 253
I +E+ E K + + +D VG + L L+ L G + + GG E
Sbjct: 195 VIP--REELQEESIKPLEKQRWAGAVDPVGGKTLAYLLSTLQYGGSVAVSGLTGGG-EVE 251
Query: 254 INLNPIISKRITITG 268
+ P I + + + G
Sbjct: 252 TTVFPFILRGVNLLG 266
>gnl|CDD|176245 cd08285, NADP_ADH, NADP(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. This
group is predominated by atypical alcohol
dehydrogenases; they exist as tetramers and exhibit
specificity for NADP(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like other zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH)
of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase
family (MDR), tetrameric ADHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains;
however, they do not have and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 351
Score = 54.9 bits (133), Expect = 3e-08
Identities = 64/277 (23%), Positives = 104/277 (37%), Gaps = 42/277 (15%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPI 66
M+ AM G GK + E PIP + +++ A+ DV G P ++ I
Sbjct: 1 MKAFAMLGIGKVGWI---EKPIPVCGPNDAIVRPTAVAPCTSDVHTVWGGAPGERH-GMI 56
Query: 67 LGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCA-LVNGGGYAEYCL----SHQGHTL--------- 112
LG E G + ++G + GD V + + S G L
Sbjct: 57 LGHEAVGVVEEVGSEVKDFKPGDRVIVPAITPDWRSVAAQRGYPSQSGGMLGGWKFSNFK 116
Query: 113 ------------------PIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG- 153
P+P G QA LP+ T + + AN++ G TV + G
Sbjct: 117 DGVFAEYFHVNDADANLAPLPDGLTDEQAVMLPDMMSTGFHG-AELANIKLGDTVAVFGI 175
Query: 154 GSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCL-ACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQG 212
G +G A+ A GA S + + GA ++Y D +E + K T G
Sbjct: 176 GP--VGLMAVAGARLRGAGRIIAVGSRPNRVELAKEYGATDIVDYKNGDVVEQILKLTGG 233
Query: 213 RGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGG 248
+G+D ++ G + Q L +L G + +++ G
Sbjct: 234 KGVDAVIIAGGGQDTFEQALKVLKPGGTISNVNYYGE 270
>gnl|CDD|176253 cd08293, PTGR2, Prostaglandin reductase. Prostaglandins and
related eicosanoids are metabolized by the oxidation of
the 15(S)-hydroxyl group of the NAD+-dependent (type I
15-PGDH) 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)
followed by reduction by NADPH/NADH-dependent (type II
15-PGDH) delta-13 15-prostaglandin reductase (13-PGR) to
15-keto-13,14,-dihydroprostaglandins. 13-PGR is a
bifunctional enzyme, since it also has leukotriene B(4)
12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity. These 15-PGDH and
related enzymes are members of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/reductase family. The medium chain
dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related
to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH.
MDRs display a broad range of activities and are
distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES.
Length = 345
Score = 52.8 bits (127), Expect = 1e-07
Identities = 31/108 (28%), Positives = 52/108 (48%), Gaps = 7/108 (6%)
Query: 147 QTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGAT-VYTTAKSEEKCLACLK-LGAKHAINYLKEDFLE 204
QT+++ G + G+ A Q+ G + V S+EKC LG AINY ++ E
Sbjct: 156 QTMVVSGAAGACGSLAGQIGRLLGCSRVVGICGSDEKCQLLKSELGFDAAINYKTDNVAE 215
Query: 205 ILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIAT 252
L +E G+D+ D VG E + ++ +++ +I L G I+
Sbjct: 216 RL-RELCPEGVDVYFDNVGGEISDTVISQMNENSHII----LCGQISQ 258
>gnl|CDD|176204 cd08242, MDR_like, Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family.
This group contains members identified as related to
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members
of the MDR family, including threonine dehydrogenase.
The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities
and are distinguished from the smaller short chain
dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino
acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a
C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a
beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with
distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes
various activities, including the founding alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol
dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol
DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous
others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs)
catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of
alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a
catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per
subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a
histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The
second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects
subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4
cysteines.
Length = 319
Score = 51.1 bits (123), Expect = 5e-07
Identities = 59/280 (21%), Positives = 99/280 (35%), Gaps = 56/280 (20%)
Query: 22 FLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGEN 81
+ + P P+P E L++V G+ D+ KG YP P + G E G + + E
Sbjct: 13 RVEDLPKPEPPPGEALVRVLLAGICNTDLEIYKGYYPFPG----VPGHEFVGIVEEGPE- 67
Query: 82 TTHW---------NIGDEVCAL-------------VNG-----GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPI 114
NI C V G G +AEY + +
Sbjct: 68 -AELVGKRVVGEINIACGRCEYCRRGLYTHCPNRTVLGIVDRDGAFAEYLTLPLENLHVV 126
Query: 115 PKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWA---NLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSG-IGTTAIQLASYFG 170
P QA F A + + + G V + G G +G Q+ + G
Sbjct: 127 PDLVPDEQAV-----FAEPLAAALEILEQVPITPGDKVAVLG--DGKLGLLIAQVLALTG 179
Query: 171 ATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVG-AEYLNQ 229
V + EK L L + + + + + E++G G D++++ G L
Sbjct: 180 PDVVLVGRHSEK----LALARRLGV-----ETVLPDEAESEGGGFDVVVEATGSPSGLEL 230
Query: 230 HLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGS 269
L L+ G +++ S G + +L + IT+ GS
Sbjct: 231 ALRLVRPRGTVVLKSTYAGPAS--FDLTKAVVNEITLVGS 268
>gnl|CDD|176246 cd08286, FDH_like_ADH2, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH)-like.
This group is related to formaldehyde dehydrogenase
(FDH), which is a member of the zinc-dependent/medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family. This family uses
NAD(H) as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols
and aldehydes, or ketones. Another member is identified
as a dihydroxyacetone reductase. Like the zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), tetrameric FDHs
have a catalytic zinc that resides between the catalytic
and NAD(H)binding domains and a structural zinc in a
lobe of the catalytic domain. Unlike ADH, where
NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor, NADH in FDH is a tightly
bound redox cofactor (similar to nicotinamide proteins).
The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has
a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 345
Score = 49.9 bits (120), Expect = 1e-06
Identities = 50/194 (25%), Positives = 84/194 (43%), Gaps = 42/194 (21%)
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEV----------CAL---------VNGG---GY--- 100
ILG E G + ++G T++ +GD V C +GG G
Sbjct: 57 ILGHEGVGVVEEVGSAVTNFKVGDRVLISCISSCGTCGYCRKGLYSHCESGGWILGNLID 116
Query: 101 ---AEYC-LSHQGHTL-PIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGS 155
AEY + H ++L +P+G + A L + T + ++ G TV I
Sbjct: 117 GTQAEYVRIPHADNSLYKLPEGVDEEAAVMLSDILPTGYECGVLNGKVKPGDTVAI---- 172
Query: 156 SGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAK------SEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKE 209
+G + LA+ A +Y+ +K + + KLGA H +N K D +E + +
Sbjct: 173 --VGAGPVGLAALLTAQLYSPSKIIMVDLDDNRLEVAKKLGATHTVNSAKGDAIEQVLEL 230
Query: 210 TQGRGIDIILDMVG 223
T GRG+D++++ VG
Sbjct: 231 TDGRGVDVVIEAVG 244
>gnl|CDD|176248 cd08288, MDR_yhdh, Yhdh putative quinone oxidoreductases. Yhdh
putative quinone oxidoreductases (QOR). QOR catalyzes
the conversion of a quinone + NAD(P)H to a hydroquinone
+ NAD(P)+. Quinones are cyclic diones derived from
aromatic compounds. Membrane bound QOR actin the
respiratory chains of bacteria and mitochondria, while
soluble QOR acts to protect from toxic quinones (e.g.
DT-diaphorase) or as a soluble eye-lens protein in some
vertebrates (e.g. zeta-crystalin). QOR reduces quinones
through a semi-quinone intermediate via a
NAD(P)H-dependent single electron transfer. QOR is a
member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase
family, but lacks the zinc-binding sites of the
prototypical alcohol dehydrogenases of this group.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These
proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants,
mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2
tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc
at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe of
the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate
the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine,
the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which
allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH
and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some
bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde,
polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
Length = 324
Score = 45.6 bits (109), Expect = 2e-05
Identities = 48/191 (25%), Positives = 85/191 (44%), Gaps = 27/191 (14%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENT 82
L E + ++ ++V +N D + G + + G+++AG +V+ +
Sbjct: 17 LRELDESDLPEGDVTVEVHYSTLNYKDGLAITGKGGIVRTFPLVPGIDLAGTVVE----S 72
Query: 83 TH--WNIGDEVCALVNG--------GGYAEYCLSHQGHTLPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFT 132
+ + GD V ++ G GGYA+ +P+P+G +A QA ++ + FT
Sbjct: 73 SSPRFKPGDRV--VLTGWGVGERHWGGYAQRARVKADWLVPLPEGLSARQAMAIGTAGFT 130
Query: 133 VWANLFQTANLRSGQT-----VLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVY-TTAKSEEKCLAC 186
A L A G T VL+ G + G+G+ A+ L + G V +T + EE
Sbjct: 131 --AMLCVMALEDHGVTPGDGPVLVTGAAGGVGSVAVALLARLGYEVVASTGRPEEA--DY 186
Query: 187 LK-LGAKHAIN 196
L+ LGA I+
Sbjct: 187 LRSLGASEIID 197
>gnl|CDD|176238 cd08277, liver_alcohol_DH_like, Liver alcohol dehydrogenase.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the
liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and
NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7
classes, 6 of which have been identified in humans.
Class III, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, has been identified as the primordial
form and exists in diverse species, including plants,
micro-organisms, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class
I, typified by liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving
form. Gene duplication and functional specialization of
ADH into ADH classes and subclasses created numerous
forms in vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C
(formerly alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits
have high overall structural similarity, but differ in
the substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48) , then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which
contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the
first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 365
Score = 38.5 bits (90), Expect = 0.002
Identities = 22/66 (33%), Positives = 32/66 (48%), Gaps = 6/66 (9%)
Query: 31 PQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPP--PKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIG 88
P+ E+ IK+ A V D++ +G P ILG E AG + +GE T+ G
Sbjct: 25 PKANEVRIKMLATSVCHTDILAIEGFKATLFPV----ILGHEGAGIVESVGEGVTNLKPG 80
Query: 89 DEVCAL 94
D+V L
Sbjct: 81 DKVIPL 86
>gnl|CDD|35944 KOG0725, KOG0725, KOG0725, Reductases with broad range of substrate
specificities [General function prediction only].
Length = 270
Score = 38.1 bits (88), Expect = 0.003
Identities = 19/45 (42%), Positives = 26/45 (57%), Gaps = 2/45 (4%)
Query: 145 SGQTVLIHGGSSGIG-TTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK 188
+G+ L+ GGSSGIG A+ LA GA V T +SEE+ +
Sbjct: 7 AGKVALVTGGSSGIGKAIALLLAKA-GAKVVITGRSEERLEETAQ 50
>gnl|CDD|176260 cd08300, alcohol_DH_class_III, class III alcohol dehydrogenases.
Members identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the zinc
dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family.
FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate and
NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 368
Score = 37.2 bits (87), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 27/79 (34%), Positives = 35/79 (44%), Gaps = 4/79 (5%)
Query: 31 PQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP-ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGD 89
P+ E+ IK+ A GV D G P+ P ILG E AG + +GE T GD
Sbjct: 25 PKAGEVRIKILATGVCHTDAYTLSGA--DPEGLFPVILGHEGAGIVESVGEGVTSVKPGD 82
Query: 90 EVCAL-VNGGGYAEYCLSH 107
V L G ++C S
Sbjct: 83 HVIPLYTPECGECKFCKSG 101
>gnl|CDD|36422 KOG1208, KOG1208, KOG1208, Dehydrogenases with different
specificities (related to short-chain alcohol
dehydrogenases) [Secondary metabolites biosynthesis,
transport and catabolism].
Length = 314
Score = 37.3 bits (86), Expect = 0.006
Identities = 17/42 (40%), Positives = 24/42 (57%), Gaps = 2/42 (4%)
Query: 145 SGQTVLIHGGSSGIGT-TAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLA 185
SG+ L+ G +SGIG TA +LA GA V ++EE+
Sbjct: 34 SGKVALVTGATSGIGFETARELALR-GAHVVLACRNEERGEE 74
>gnl|CDD|30648 COG0300, DltE, Short-chain dehydrogenases of various substrate
specificities [General function prediction only].
Length = 265
Score = 36.0 bits (83), Expect = 0.014
Identities = 29/82 (35%), Positives = 37/82 (45%), Gaps = 10/82 (12%)
Query: 145 SGQTVLIHGGSSGIG-TTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK-LGAKH-------AI 195
G+T LI G SSGIG A QLA G + A+ E+K A K L K
Sbjct: 5 KGKTALITGASSGIGAELAKQLARR-GYNLILVARREDKLEALAKELEDKTGVEVEVIPA 63
Query: 196 NYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDI 217
+ + LE L+ E + RG I
Sbjct: 64 DLSDPEALERLEDELKERGGPI 85
>gnl|CDD|176243 cd08283, FDH_like_1, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase related proteins, child 1. Members
identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase(FDH), a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. FDH converts formaldehyde and NAD(P) to formate
and NAD(P)H. The initial step in this process the
spontaneous formation of a S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione
adduct from formaldehyde and glutathione, followed by
FDH-mediated oxidation (and detoxification) of the
adduct to S-formylglutathione. MDH family uses NAD(H)
as a cofactor in the interconversion of alcohols and
aldehydes, or ketones. Like many zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADH) of the medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), these FDHs form
dimers, with 4 zinc ions per dimer. The medium chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an
all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form
dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers
(yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms
per subunit.
Length = 386
Score = 35.6 bits (83), Expect = 0.018
Identities = 65/273 (23%), Positives = 104/273 (38%), Gaps = 60/273 (21%)
Query: 98 GGYAEYCLSHQGHT--LPIPKGYNAIQAASLPESFFTVW-ANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHG- 153
GG AEY IP + +A L + T + A A ++ G TV + G
Sbjct: 136 GGQAEYVRVPFADVGPFKIPDDLSDEKALFLSDILPTGYHAAEL--AEVKPGDTVAVWGC 193
Query: 154 GSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK--LGAKHAINYLKEDF-LEILQKE 209
G +G A + A GA V + E+ L + LGA IN+ + D +E L++
Sbjct: 194 G--PVGLFAARSAKLLGAERVIAIDRVPER-LEMARSHLGA-ETINFEEVDDVVEALREL 249
Query: 210 TQGRGIDIILDMVGAEY----------------------LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLG 247
T GRG D+ +D VG E L + + + K G + II G
Sbjct: 250 TGGRGPDVCIDAVGMEAHGSPLHKAEQALLKLETDRPDALREAIQAVRKGGTVSIIGVYG 309
Query: 248 GNIATEINLNPIISKRITI-TGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSHVIAPVIHT- 305
G + + + ++K +T+ G T +R P L + + +
Sbjct: 310 GTV-NKFPIGAAMNKGLTLRMGQTHVQR---------------YLPRLLELIESGELDPS 353
Query: 306 -----VLPLGKVAMAHDIM-EKSEHIGKIILLP 332
LPL A+ I +K + K++L P
Sbjct: 354 FIITHRLPLEDAPEAYKIFDKKEDGCIKVVLKP 386
>gnl|CDD|176200 cd08238, sorbose_phosphate_red, L-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase.
L-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase, a member of the MDR
family, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion of
l-sorbose 1-phosphate to d-glucitol 6-phosphate in the
metabolism of L-sorbose to (also converts d-fructose
1-phosphate to d-mannitol 6-phosphate). The medium
chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent
alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and
related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins
related to the first identified member, class I
mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold
domain of an beta-alpha form and an N-terminal
catalytic domain with distant homology to GroES. The
MDR group contains a host of activities, including the
founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone
reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde
dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase,
cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The
zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze
the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to
aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic
role, while structural zinc aids in stability.
Length = 410
Score = 35.5 bits (82), Expect = 0.024
Identities = 20/84 (23%), Positives = 34/84 (40%), Gaps = 7/84 (8%)
Query: 7 MRHVAMSGYGKSNVMFLAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVM------QRKGLYPPP 60
M+ A YGK + L + +P+ +EIL++V + + K +
Sbjct: 1 MKTKAWRMYGK-GDLRLEKFELPEIADDEILVRVISDSLCFSTWKLALQGSDHKKVPNDL 59
Query: 61 KNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTH 84
ILG E AG I+ +G+
Sbjct: 60 AKEPVILGHEFAGTILKVGKKWQG 83
>gnl|CDD|31231 COG1028, FabG, Dehydrogenases with different specificities (related
to short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases) [Secondary
metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism /
General function prediction only].
Length = 251
Score = 35.2 bits (80), Expect = 0.027
Identities = 38/147 (25%), Positives = 59/147 (40%), Gaps = 19/147 (12%)
Query: 145 SGQTVLIHGGSSGIG-TTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKS-----EEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYL 198
SG+ L+ G SSGIG A LA GA V A+ E A +K +
Sbjct: 4 SGKVALVTGASSGIGRAIARALARE-GARVVVAARRSEEEAAEALAAAIKEAGGGRAAAV 62
Query: 199 KEDFLEILQ---------KETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEG--KLIIISFLG 247
D + + +E GR IDI+++ G + L L++E ++I ++ LG
Sbjct: 63 AADVSDDEESVEALVAAAEEEFGR-IDILVNNAGIAGPDAPLEELTEEDWDRVIDVNLLG 121
Query: 248 GNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRR 274
+ T L + +RI S
Sbjct: 122 AFLLTRAALPLMKKQRIVNISSVAGLG 148
>gnl|CDD|30582 COG0233, Frr, Ribosome recycling factor [Translation, ribosomal
structure and biogenesis].
Length = 187
Score = 34.7 bits (80), Expect = 0.039
Identities = 26/132 (19%), Positives = 50/132 (37%), Gaps = 22/132 (16%)
Query: 177 AKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEY------LNQH 230
+ L + + A+ LK + +I GR +LD + EY LNQ
Sbjct: 1 MMMINEILKDAEEKMEKALEALKNELSKI----RTGRANPSLLDRITVEYYGSPTPLNQL 56
Query: 231 LTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEI---------NLNPII---SKRITITGSTLRRRTDIA 278
++ E + ++I ++ I LNP R+ + T RR ++
Sbjct: 57 ASISVPEARTLVIKPFDKSMVKAIEKAILASNLGLNPNNDGNVIRVPLPPLTEERRKELV 116
Query: 279 KQSIRDSLQLKI 290
K + + + + K+
Sbjct: 117 KVAKKYAEEAKV 128
>gnl|CDD|36419 KOG1205, KOG1205, KOG1205, Predicted dehydrogenase [Secondary
metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism].
Length = 282
Score = 34.5 bits (79), Expect = 0.043
Identities = 22/61 (36%), Positives = 29/61 (47%), Gaps = 6/61 (9%)
Query: 146 GQTVLIHGGSSGIG-TTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKS----EEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKE 200
G+ VLI G SSGIG A +LA GA + A+ E KLG+ + L+
Sbjct: 12 GKVVLITGASSGIGEALAYELAKR-GAKLVLVARRARRLERVAEELRKLGSLEKVLVLQL 70
Query: 201 D 201
D
Sbjct: 71 D 71
>gnl|CDD|176242 cd08282, PFDH_like, Pseudomonas putida aldehyde-dismutating
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (PFDH). Formaldehyde
dehydrogenase (FDH) is a member of the
zinc-dependent/medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family. Unlike typical FDH, Pseudomonas putida
aldehyde-dismutating FDH (PFDH) is
glutathione-independent. PFDH converts 2 molecules of
aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol.
MDH family uses NAD(H) as a cofactor in the
interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones.
Like the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) of
the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase family
(MDR), these tetrameric FDHs have a catalytic zinc that
resides between the catalytic and NAD(H)binding domains
and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain.
Unlike ADH, where NAD(P)(H) acts as a cofactor, NADH in
FDH is a tightly bound redox cofactor (similar to
nicotinamide proteins). The medium chain alcohol
dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding
domain in a Rossmann fold of an beta-alpha form. The
N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic
domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit.
Length = 375
Score = 33.7 bits (78), Expect = 0.072
Identities = 40/145 (27%), Positives = 59/145 (40%), Gaps = 18/145 (12%)
Query: 97 GGGYAEYCLSHQG--HTLPIPKGYNAIQA---ASLPESFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLI 151
GGG AEY + L +P A + L + F T W L + A ++ G TV +
Sbjct: 124 GGGQAEYLRVPYADFNLLKLPDRDGAKEKDDYLMLSDIFPTGWHGL-ELAGVQPGDTVAV 182
Query: 152 HGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGA-TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKH---AINYLKEDFLE-IL 206
G + +G A A GA VY E+ L L I++ D +E IL
Sbjct: 183 FG-AGPVGLMAAYSAILRGASRVYVVDHVPER----LDLAESIGAIPIDFSDGDPVEQIL 237
Query: 207 QKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHL 231
+ G+D +D VG E ++
Sbjct: 238 --GLEPGGVDRAVDCVGYEARDRGG 260
>gnl|CDD|33748 COG3967, DltE, Short-chain dehydrogenase involved in D-alanine
esterification of lipoteichoic acid and wall teichoic
acid (D-alanine transfer protein) [Cell envelope
biogenesis, outer membrane].
Length = 245
Score = 32.6 bits (74), Expect = 0.15
Identities = 15/38 (39%), Positives = 22/38 (57%)
Query: 145 SGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEK 182
+G T+LI GG+SGIG + G TV ++EE+
Sbjct: 4 TGNTILITGGASGIGLALAKRFLELGNTVIICGRNEER 41
>gnl|CDD|144654 pfam01139, UPF0027, Uncharacterized protein family UPF0027.
Length = 419
Score = 32.2 bits (74), Expect = 0.22
Identities = 17/57 (29%), Positives = 26/57 (45%), Gaps = 8/57 (14%)
Query: 148 TVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSE-----EKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLK 199
V+IH GS G+G Q+A+ + K ++ LA L LG+ +YL
Sbjct: 190 WVMIHSGSRGLGH---QIATDYLRLAEKAMKKYGIKLPDRQLAYLPLGSPEGQDYLA 243
>gnl|CDD|31876 COG1690, RtcB, Uncharacterized conserved protein [Function
unknown].
Length = 432
Score = 31.4 bits (71), Expect = 0.31
Identities = 18/63 (28%), Positives = 28/63 (44%), Gaps = 9/63 (14%)
Query: 143 LRSGQ-TVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYF-----GATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAIN 196
L G V+IH GS G+G Q+A+ F A ++ LAC+ + ++
Sbjct: 204 LAEGTVWVMIHTGSRGLGH---QIATDFVRLAEQAMGRYGIAVPDRQLACVPVDSEDGQA 260
Query: 197 YLK 199
YL
Sbjct: 261 YLA 263
>gnl|CDD|33946 COG4221, COG4221, Short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase of unknown
specificity [General function prediction only].
Length = 246
Score = 31.3 bits (71), Expect = 0.35
Identities = 19/53 (35%), Positives = 27/53 (50%), Gaps = 1/53 (1%)
Query: 144 RSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLA-CLKLGAKHAI 195
G+ LI G SSGIG + + GA V A+ EE+ A ++GA A+
Sbjct: 4 LKGKVALITGASSGIGEATARALAEAGAKVVLAARREERLEALADEIGAGAAL 56
>gnl|CDD|176259 cd08299, alcohol_DH_class_I_II_IV, class I, II, IV alcohol
dehydrogenases. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases
are the major enzymes in the interconversion of
alcohols and aldehydes or ketones. This group includes
alcohol dehydrogenases corresponding to mammalian
classes I, II, IV. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver
converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH,
while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH
catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in
alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium
chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which have a
NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is
comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of
which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after
the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close
contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The
N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to
GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically
higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria),
and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a
catalytic zinc at the active site and a structural zinc
in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding
occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and
coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and
coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of
this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and
contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH
catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol,
followed by deprotonation of a histidine (His-51), the
ribose of NAD, a serine (Ser-48) , then the alcohol,
which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+,
creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In
yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an
aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse
reaction.
Length = 373
Score = 31.1 bits (71), Expect = 0.43
Identities = 23/64 (35%), Positives = 30/64 (46%), Gaps = 2/64 (3%)
Query: 31 PQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDE 90
P+ E+ IK+ A G+ R D G P ILG E AG + +GE T GD+
Sbjct: 30 PKAHEVRIKIVATGICRSDDHVVSGKLVTPFPV--ILGHEAAGIVESVGEGVTTVKPGDK 87
Query: 91 VCAL 94
V L
Sbjct: 88 VIPL 91
>gnl|CDD|32411 COG2230, Cfa, Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase and related
methyltransferases [Cell envelope biogenesis, outer
membrane].
Length = 283
Score = 30.2 bits (68), Expect = 0.75
Identities = 36/170 (21%), Positives = 64/170 (37%), Gaps = 15/170 (8%)
Query: 137 LFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLK----LGAK 192
+ + L+ G T+L G G G AI A +G TV SEE+ K G +
Sbjct: 64 ILEKLGLKPGMTLLDIG--CGWGGLAIYAAEEYGVTVVGVTLSEEQLAYAEKRIAARGLE 121
Query: 193 HAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDI-ILDMVG----AEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLG 247
+ +D+ + +E R + + + + VG ++ + LL G++++ S
Sbjct: 122 DNVEVRLQDYRDF--EEPFDRIVSVGMFEHVGKENYDDFFKKVYALLKPGGRMLLHSI-T 178
Query: 248 GNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLNSH 297
G I K I G L ++I + + + L H
Sbjct: 179 GPDQEFRRFPDFIDKYI-FPGGELPSISEILELASEAGFVVLDVESLRPH 227
>gnl|CDD|36424 KOG1210, KOG1210, KOG1210, Predicted 3-ketosphinganine reductase
[Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and
catabolism].
Length = 331
Score = 29.9 bits (67), Expect = 0.93
Identities = 17/38 (44%), Positives = 23/38 (60%), Gaps = 2/38 (5%)
Query: 149 VLIHGGSSGIG-TTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLA 185
+LI GGSSG+G A++ GA V TA+S +K L
Sbjct: 36 ILITGGSSGLGLALALECKRE-GADVTITARSGKKLLE 72
>gnl|CDD|176261 cd08301, alcohol_DH_plants, Plant alcohol dehydrogenase.
NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major
enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes
or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts
ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in
yeast and some other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the
conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic
fermentation. There are 7 vertebrate ADH 7 classes, 6
of which have been identified in humans. Class III,
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase, has
been identified as the primordial form and exists in
diverse species, including plants, micro-organisms,
vertebrates, and invertebrates. Class I, typified by
liver dehydrogenase, is an evolving form. Gene
duplication and functional specialization of ADH into
ADH classes and subclasses created numerous forms in
vertebrates. For example, the A, B and C (formerly
alpha, beta, gamma) human class I subunits have high
overall structural similarity, but differ in the
substrate binding pocket and therefore in substrate
specificity. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps
coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a
histidine (His-51), the ribose of NAD, a serine
(Ser-48) , then the alcohol, which allows the transfer
of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound
aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the
active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and
leading to the reverse reaction. ADH is a member of the
medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which
has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of an
beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised
of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts
a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first
mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of
the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal
catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES.
These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher
plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and
have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic
zinc at the active site and a structural zinc in a lobe
of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the
cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding
domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces
a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding
typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding.
Length = 369
Score = 30.0 bits (68), Expect = 0.93
Identities = 24/83 (28%), Positives = 33/83 (39%), Gaps = 10/83 (12%)
Query: 31 PQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLYPPPKNANP----ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWN 86
PQ E+ IK+ + DV + K P ILG E AG + +GE T
Sbjct: 25 PQAMEVRIKILHTSLCHTDVYFWEA-----KGQTPLFPRILGHEAAGIVESVGEGVTDLK 79
Query: 87 IGDEVCALVNGG-GYAEYCLSHQ 108
GD V + G +C S +
Sbjct: 80 PGDHVLPVFTGECKECRHCKSEK 102
>gnl|CDD|32849 COG3034, COG3034, Uncharacterized protein conserved in bacteria
[Function unknown].
Length = 298
Score = 29.6 bits (66), Expect = 1.1
Identities = 12/54 (22%), Positives = 21/54 (38%), Gaps = 6/54 (11%)
Query: 115 PKGYNAIQAASLPE------SFFTVWANLFQTANLRSGQTVLIHGGSSGIGTTA 162
P+G+ + L S + N + A R+G ++IHG G +
Sbjct: 101 PEGFYRLTRKQLNPDSYYYLSINIGYPNAYDKALGRTGGGIMIHGACLSDGCYS 154
>gnl|CDD|176192 cd08230, glucose_DH, Glucose dehydrogenase. Glucose
dehydrogenase (GlcDH), a member of the medium chain
dehydrogenase/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like
family, catalyzes the NADP(+)-dependent oxidation of
glucose to gluconate, the first step in the
Entner-Doudoroff pathway, an alternative to or
substitute for glycolysis or the pentose phosphate
pathway. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase
(MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family,
which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of
proteins related to the first identified member, class
I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of
activities and are distinguished from the smaller short
chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350
amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2
domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossman fold
domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic
domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group
contains a host of activities, including the founding
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase,
sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase,
butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase,
and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent
interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural
zinc aids in stability.
Length = 355
Score = 29.5 bits (67), Expect = 1.3
Identities = 17/62 (27%), Positives = 30/62 (48%), Gaps = 2/62 (3%)
Query: 23 LAESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRKGLY--PPPKNANPILGLEVAGKIVDLGE 80
+ + P P+P E+L++ +GV D G Y PP +LG E G + ++G+
Sbjct: 15 VVDIPEPEPTPGEVLVRTLEVGVCGTDREIVAGEYGTAPPGEDFLVLGHEALGVVEEVGD 74
Query: 81 NT 82
+
Sbjct: 75 GS 76
>gnl|CDD|34854 COG5257, GCD11, Translation initiation factor 2, gamma subunit
(eIF-2gamma; GTPase) [Translation, ribosomal structure
and biogenesis].
Length = 415
Score = 29.4 bits (66), Expect = 1.6
Identities = 13/31 (41%), Positives = 18/31 (58%)
Query: 24 AESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRK 54
A P PQPQ E L+ +E IG+ ++Q K
Sbjct: 119 ANEPCPQPQTREHLMALEIIGIKNIIIVQNK 149
>gnl|CDD|38269 KOG3059, KOG3059, KOG3059, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase complex,
subunit PIG-C/GPI2, required for phosphatidylinositol
biosynthesis [Lipid transport and metabolism].
Length = 292
Score = 29.1 bits (65), Expect = 1.7
Identities = 20/81 (24%), Positives = 34/81 (41%), Gaps = 1/81 (1%)
Query: 186 CLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISF 245
L L ++ NY E FLE L+ D+ + + L+QHL +++ +I +S
Sbjct: 15 VLYLKQEYPDNYTDESFLEELRMNINISIYDLWSAVAESMVLSQHLDMITSF-VVIFVST 73
Query: 246 LGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITI 266
L N++ L S
Sbjct: 74 LESNLSENKILYGSNSIPGIG 94
>gnl|CDD|143883 pfam00106, adh_short, short chain dehydrogenase. This family
contains a wide variety of dehydrogenases.
Length = 167
Score = 29.1 bits (66), Expect = 1.8
Identities = 16/51 (31%), Positives = 25/51 (49%), Gaps = 7/51 (13%)
Query: 148 TVLIHGGSSGIGT-TAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSE-----EKCLACLK-LGA 191
TVLI GG+ G+G A LA+ + ++ + +A L+ LGA
Sbjct: 2 TVLITGGTGGLGLALARWLAAEGARHLVLVSRRGDAPGAAELVAELEALGA 52
>gnl|CDD|36415 KOG1201, KOG1201, KOG1201, Hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 11
[Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and
catabolism].
Length = 300
Score = 28.3 bits (63), Expect = 3.0
Identities = 12/23 (52%), Positives = 16/23 (69%), Gaps = 1/23 (4%)
Query: 145 SGQTVLIHGGSSGIG-TTAIQLA 166
SG+ VLI GG SG+G A++ A
Sbjct: 37 SGEIVLITGGGSGLGRLIALEFA 59
>gnl|CDD|31794 COG1606, COG1606, ATP-utilizing enzymes of the PP-loop superfamily
[General function prediction only].
Length = 269
Score = 27.6 bits (61), Expect = 5.7
Identities = 12/59 (20%), Positives = 18/59 (30%), Gaps = 12/59 (20%)
Query: 172 TVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDIILDMVGAEYLNQH 230
E +C C K L +E + RG D++ D A L +
Sbjct: 83 DPEFKENPENRCYLC------------KRAVYSTLVEEAEKRGYDVVADGTNASDLFDY 129
>gnl|CDD|30680 COG0332, FabH, 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].
Length = 323
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 8.1
Identities = 15/79 (18%), Positives = 25/79 (31%), Gaps = 8/79 (10%)
Query: 66 ILGLEVAGKIVDLGENTTHWNIGDEVCALVNGGGYAE--------YCLSHQGHTLPIPKG 117
++G E +I+D + T GD A+V + QG L +P G
Sbjct: 137 VVGAETLSRILDWTDRDTCVLFGDGAGAVVLEATEDDNGILDTDLGSDGSQGDLLYLPGG 196
Query: 118 YNAIQAASLPESFFTVWAN 136
+A +
Sbjct: 197 GSATPKEESGGGLLVMDGR 215
>gnl|CDD|176392 cd01797, NIRF_N, amino-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of Np95 and
NIRF. NIRF_N This CD represents the amino-terminal
ubiquitin-like domain of a family of nuclear proteins
that includes Np95 and NIRF (Np95/ICBP90-like RING
finger) protein. Both Np95 and NIRF have a domain
architecture consisting of a ubiquitin-like domain, a
PHD finger, a YDG/SRA domain, Rb-binding motifs and a
RING finger domain. Both Np95 and NIRF are ubiquitin
ligases that ubiquitinate PCNP (PEST-containing nuclear
proteins). While Np95 is capable of binding histones,
NIRF is involved in cell cycle regulation.
Length = 78
Score = 26.7 bits (59), Expect = 8.1
Identities = 8/31 (25%), Positives = 15/31 (48%)
Query: 265 TITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQLKIWPLLN 295
T+ G R +++ + + L+ KI L N
Sbjct: 7 TMDGKETRTVDSLSRLTKVEELREKIQELFN 37
>gnl|CDD|144375 pfam00750, tRNA-synt_1d, tRNA synthetases class I (R). Other tRNA
synthetase sub-families are too dissimilar to be
included. This family includes only arginyl tRNA
synthetase.
Length = 345
Score = 27.0 bits (60), Expect = 8.2
Identities = 13/47 (27%), Positives = 19/47 (40%), Gaps = 3/47 (6%)
Query: 227 LNQHLTLLSKEGKLIIISFLGGNIATEINLNPIISKRITITGSTLRR 273
L E K +++ F N A I++ + R TI G L R
Sbjct: 7 AQGGLGSALLENKKVVVEFSSPNPAKPIHVGHL---RSTIIGDALSR 50
>gnl|CDD|133288 cd01888, eIF2_gamma, eIF2-gamma (gamma subunit of initiation factor
2). eIF2 is a heterotrimeric translation initiation
factor that consists of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits.
The GTP-bound gamma subunit also binds initiator
methionyl-tRNA and delivers it to the 40S ribosomal
subunit. Following hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, eIF2:GDP
is released from the ribosome. The gamma subunit has no
intrinsic GTPase activity, but is stimulated by the
GTPase activating protein (GAP) eIF5, and GDP/GTP
exchange is stimulated by the guanine nucleotide
exchange factor (GEF) eIF2B. eIF2B is a heteropentamer,
and the epsilon chain binds eIF2. Both eIF5 and
eIF2B-epsilon are known to bind strongly to eIF2-beta,
but have also been shown to bind directly to eIF2-gamma.
It is possible that eIF2-beta serves simply as a
high-affinity docking site for eIF5 and eIF2B-epsilon,
or that eIF2-beta serves a regulatory role. eIF2-gamma
is found only in eukaryotes and archaea. It is closely
related to SelB, the selenocysteine-specific elongation
factor from eubacteria. The translational factor
components of the ternary complex, IF2 in eubacteria and
eIF2 in eukaryotes are not the same protein (despite
their unfortunately similar names). Both factors are
GTPases; however, eubacterial IF-2 is a single
polypeptide, while eIF2 is heterotrimeric. eIF2-gamma
is a member of the same family as eubacterial IF2, but
the two proteins are only distantly related. This
family includes translation initiation, elongation, and
release factors.
Length = 203
Score = 26.8 bits (60), Expect = 8.4
Identities = 12/31 (38%), Positives = 17/31 (54%)
Query: 24 AESPIPQPQKEEILIKVEAIGVNRPDVMQRK 54
A P PQPQ E L +E +G+ ++Q K
Sbjct: 116 ANEPCPQPQTSEHLAALEIMGLKHIIIVQNK 146
>gnl|CDD|119337 cd06569, GH20_Sm-chitobiase-like, The chitobiase of Serratia
marcescens is a beta-N-1,4-acetylhexosaminidase with a
glycosyl hydrolase family 20 (GH20) domain that
hydrolyzes the beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages in oligomers
derived from chitin. Chitin is degraded by a two step
process: i) a chitinase hydrolyzes the chitin to
oligosaccharides and disaccharides such as
di-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and chitobiose, ii) chitobiase
then further degrades these oligomers into monomers. The
GH20 hexosaminidases are thought to act via a catalytic
mechanism in which the catalytic nucleophile is not
provided by solvent or the enzyme, but by the substrate
itself..
Length = 445
Score = 26.9 bits (60), Expect = 8.7
Identities = 12/29 (41%), Positives = 19/29 (65%), Gaps = 3/29 (10%)
Query: 197 YLKEDFLEILQKETQGRGIDII--LDMVG 223
Y + D++EIL K + R I++I +DM G
Sbjct: 94 YSRADYIEIL-KYAKARHIEVIPEIDMPG 121
>gnl|CDD|145441 pfam02287, Dehydratase_SU, Dehydratase small subunit. This family
contains the small subunit of the trimeric diol
dehydratases and glycerol dehydratases. These enzymes
are produced by some enterobacteria in response to
growth substances.
Length = 136
Score = 26.6 bits (59), Expect = 9.0
Identities = 13/41 (31%), Positives = 22/41 (53%), Gaps = 5/41 (12%)
Query: 252 TEINLNPIISKRIT-----ITGSTLRRRTDIAKQSIRDSLQ 287
+I L ++S ++T IT TLR + IA+ + R +L
Sbjct: 28 DDITLENVLSGKVTAQDLRITPETLRMQAQIAESAGRPALA 68
>gnl|CDD|39037 KOG3833, KOG3833, KOG3833, Uncharacterized conserved protein,
contains RtcB domain [Function unknown].
Length = 505
Score = 26.5 bits (58), Expect = 9.9
Identities = 17/57 (29%), Positives = 25/57 (43%), Gaps = 3/57 (5%)
Query: 146 GQ-TVLIHGGSSGIG--TTAIQLASYFGATVYTTAKSEEKCLACLKLGAKHAINYLK 199
GQ V+IH GS G+G L A ++ LAC ++ + +YLK
Sbjct: 252 GQVVVMIHSGSRGLGHQVATDSLVKMEKAMARDKIVVNDRQLACARINSVEGQDYLK 308
Database: CddA
Posted date: Feb 4, 2011 9:38 PM
Number of letters in database: 6,263,737
Number of sequences in database: 21,609
Lambda K H
0.319 0.137 0.402
Gapped
Lambda K H
0.267 0.0784 0.140
Matrix: BLOSUM62
Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1
Number of Sequences: 21609
Number of Hits to DB: 3,984,325
Number of extensions: 210637
Number of successful extensions: 863
Number of sequences better than 10.0: 1
Number of HSP's gapped: 633
Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 150
Length of query: 332
Length of database: 6,263,737
Length adjustment: 94
Effective length of query: 238
Effective length of database: 4,232,491
Effective search space: 1007332858
Effective search space used: 1007332858
Neighboring words threshold: 11
Window for multiple hits: 40
X1: 16 ( 7.4 bits)
X2: 38 (14.6 bits)
X3: 64 (24.7 bits)
S1: 41 (21.7 bits)
S2: 58 (26.0 bits)