Go terms map to parent GO term: GO:0000003   reproduction
GOID
Link to GO
 Functional Category Description Protein Count
link to
protein list
GO:0009793 embryo development ending in seed dormancy The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 889
GO:0040035 hermaphrodite genitalia development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hermaphrodite genitalia over time, from formation to the mature structures. 659
GO:0010228 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem The process involved in transforming a meristem that produces vegetative structures, such as leaves, into a meristem that produces reproductive structures, such as a flower or an inflorescence. 562
GO:0009908 flower development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. 310
GO:0019083 viral transcription The mechanisms involved in viral gene transcription, especially referring to those with temporal properties unique to viral transcription. 257
GO:0048573 photoperiodism, flowering A change from the vegetative to the reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length. The length of the period of light or dark required to initiate the change is set relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. 256
GO:0008406 gonad development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The gonad is an animal organ that produces gametes; in some species it also produces hormones. 244
GO:0018991 oviposition The deposition of eggs (either fertilized or not) upon a surface or into a medium such as water. 234
GO:0010162 seed dormancy process A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a seed. Seed dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth in a seed, including the embryo contained therein, that can be reactivated. It often requires special conditions for reactivation, such as specific temperature, scarification, or leaching of inhibitors. 221
GO:0007283 spermatogenesis The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis. 220
GO:0030437 ascospore formation The process in which cells that are products of meiosis acquire the specialized features of ascospores. Ascospores are generally found in clusters of four or eight spores within a single mother cell, the ascus, and are characteristic of the ascomycete fungi (phylum Ascomycota). 198
GO:0007131 reciprocal meiotic recombination The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate. This results in the equal exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes. These reciprocal recombinant products ensure the proper segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I and create genetic diversity. 192
GO:0045132 meiotic chromosome segregation The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during M phase of the meiotic cell cycle. 180
GO:0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. 178
GO:0009560 embryo sac egg cell differentiation The process in which an uncellularized embryo sac nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of an egg cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 171
GO:0048477 oogenesis The complete process of formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell. Examples of this process are found in Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster. 161
GO:0048825 cotyledon development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cotyledon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cotyledon is the modified leaf (seed leaf), found as part of the embryo in plant seeds. It is involved in either storage or absorption of food reserves. Dicotyledonous seeds contain two cotyledons, while monocotyledonous seeds contain only one. The cotyledons may appear above ground and show photosynthetic activity in the seedling. 154
GO:0019048 virus-host interaction Interactions, directly with the host cell macromolecular machinery, to allow virus replication. 154
GO:0007281 germ cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an immature germ cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure (gamete). A germ cell is any reproductive cell in a multicellular organism. 153
GO:0048316 seed development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A seed is a propagating organ formed in the sexual reproductive cycle of gymnosperms and angiosperms, consisting of a protective coat enclosing an embryo and food reserves. 148
GO:0010072 primary shoot apical meristem specification The specification of the meristem which will give rise to all post-embryonic above-ground structures of the plant as well as the non-root below-ground structures, such as rhizomes and tubers. 135
GO:0007140 male meiosis A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle in the male germline. 132
GO:0042138 meiotic DNA double-strand break formation The cell cycle process in which double-strand breaks are generated at defined hotspots throughout the genome during meiosis I. This results in the initiation of meiotic recombination. 127
GO:0009567 double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm Fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 125
GO:0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. 118
GO:0048235 pollen sperm cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a haploid sperm cell within the plant gametophyte. 116
GO:0007286 spermatid development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spermatid over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 115
GO:0008103 oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization Establishment and maintenance of a specific axis of polarity of the oocyte microtubule network. The axis is set so that the minus and plus ends of the microtubules of the mid stage oocyte are positioned along the anterior cortex and at the posterior pole, respectively. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 109
GO:0030587 sorocarp development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sorocarp over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the aggregation of individual cells and ends with the mature sorocarp. The sorocarp is a structure containing a spore-bearing sorus that sits on top of a stalk. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum. 104
GO:0007126 meiosis A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle. A meiotic cell cycle is the specialized nuclear and cell division in which a single diploid cell undergoes two nuclear divisions following a single round of DNA replication in order to produce four daughter cells that contain half the number of chromosomes as the diploid cell. Meiotic division occurs during the formation of gametes from diploid organisms and at the beginning of haplophase in those organisms that alternate between diploid and haploid generations. 104
GO:0010431 seed maturation A process in seed development that occurs after embryogenesis by which a quiescent state is established in a seed. Seed maturation is characterized by storage compound accumulation, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, growth arrest and the entry into a dormancy period of variable length that is broken upon germination. 104
GO:0007112 male meiosis cytokinesis A cell cycle process that occurs as part of the male meiotic cell cycle and results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell to produce two daughter cells. 101
GO:0007129 synapsis The cell cycle process in which the side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of homologous chromosomes is created at the metaphase plate. 95
GO:0019953 sexual reproduction The regular alternation, in the life cycle of haplontic, diplontic and diplohaplontic organisms, of meiosis and fertilization which provides for the production offspring. In diplontic organisms there is a life cycle in which the products of meiosis behave directly as gametes, fusing to form a zygote from which the diploid, or sexually reproductive polyploid, adult organism will develop. In diplohaplontic organisms a haploid phase (gametophyte) exists in the life cycle between meiosis and fertilization (e.g. higher plants, many algae and Fungi); the products of meiosis are spores that develop as haploid individuals from which haploid gametes develop to form a diploid zygote; diplohaplontic organisms show an alternation of haploid and diploid generations. In haplontic organisms meiosis occurs in the zygote, giving rise to four haploid cells (e.g. many algae and protozoa), only the zygote is diploid and this may form a resistant spore, tiding organisms over hard times. 93
GO:0007298 border follicle cell migration The directed movement of a border cell through the nurse cells to reach the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 92
GO:0035046 pronuclear migration The directed movement of the male and female pronuclei towards each other prior to their fusion. 91
GO:0007143 female meiosis A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle in the female germline. 90
GO:0009960 endosperm development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endosperm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endosperm is formed during fertilization and provides nutrients to the developing embryo. 87
GO:0007276 gamete generation The generation and maintenance of gametes in a multicellular organism. A gamete is a haploid reproductive cell. 83
GO:0010229 inflorescence development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an inflorescence over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 81
GO:0010214 seed coat development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed coat over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 81
GO:0007141 male meiosis I A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through male meiosis I, the first meiotic division in the male germline. 81
GO:0010067 procambium histogenesis The formation of the primary meristem or meristematic tissue that gives rise to the primary vascular tissue. 78
GO:0007291 sperm individualization The resolution of the male germline syncytium or cyst into individual gametes by packaging each spermatid into its own plasma membrane. 77
GO:0048610 cellular process involved in reproduction A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. 74
GO:0000750 pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion A signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 74
GO:0010154 fruit development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit is a reproductive body of a seed plant. 73
GO:0031152 aggregation involved in sorocarp development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the aggregate over time, from its formation to the point when a slug is formed. Aggregate development begins in response to starvation and continues by the chemoattractant-mediated movement of cells toward each other. The aggregate is a multicellular structure that gives rise to the slug. 72
GO:0060135 maternal process involved in female pregnancy A reproductive process occurring in the mother that allows an embryo or fetus to develop within it. 70
GO:0008542 visual learning Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue. 69
GO:0048132 female germ-line stem cell division The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell in the female gonad, to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the female gametes. 66
GO:0022414 reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. 63
GO:0008585 female gonad development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 63
GO:0031288 sorocarp morphogenesis The process in which the sorocarp is generated and organized. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum. 62
GO:0044702 single organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. 62
GO:0007339 binding of sperm to zona pellucida The process in which the sperm binds to the zona pellucida glycoprotein layer of the egg. The process begins with the attachment of the sperm plasma membrane to the zona pellucida and includes attachment of the acrosome inner membrane to the zona pellucida after the acrosomal reaction takes place. 62
GO:0045451 pole plasm oskar mRNA localization Any process in which oskar mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. 61
GO:0007301 female germline ring canal formation Assembly of the intercellular bridges that connect the germ-line cells of a female cyst. 60
GO:0030728 ovulation The release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. 58
GO:0032504 multicellular organism reproduction The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. 57
GO:0009556 microsporogenesis The process in which the microsporocyte undergoes meiosis, giving rise to four haploid microspores. 55
GO:0051026 chiasma assembly The cell cycle process in which a connection between chromatids assembles, indicating where an exchange of homologous segments has taken place by the crossing-over of non-sister chromatids. 52
GO:0019058 viral infectious cycle A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome. 49
GO:0040022 feminization of hermaphroditic germ-line The determination of female sex and sexual phenotype in the germ-line of the hermaphrodite. 49
GO:0048137 spermatocyte division The meiotic divisions undergone by the primary and secondary spermatocytes to produce haploid spermatids. 48
GO:0048136 male germ-line cyst formation Formation of a group of interconnected cells derived from a single male gonial founder cell. 46
GO:0060136 embryonic process involved in female pregnancy A reproductive process occurring in the embryo or fetus that allows the embryo or fetus to develop within the mother. 45
GO:0008584 male gonad development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 45
GO:0048599 oocyte development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. 44
GO:0030707 ovarian follicle cell development The process that occurs during oogenesis involving the ovarian follicle cells, somatic cells which surround the germ cells of an ovary. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 43
GO:0048232 male gamete generation Generation of the male gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a female gamete takes part in sexual reproduction. 43
GO:0031321 ascospore-type prospore assembly During ascospore formation, the process in which each haploid nucleus becomes encapsulated by a double membrane. 43
GO:0030538 embryonic genitalia morphogenesis The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the genitalia are generated and organized. 42
GO:0042078 germ-line stem cell division The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the gametes. 42
GO:0018985 pronuclear envelope synthesis Synthesis and ordering of the envelope of pronuclei. 42
GO:0030723 ovarian fusome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fusome of ovarian cells, an organelle derived from the spectrosome. It anchors the mitotic spindle pole to provide orientation during cystoblast cell divisions. 42
GO:0051229 meiotic spindle disassembly The controlled breakdown of the spindle during a meiotic cell cycle. 42
GO:0031154 culmination involved in sorocarp development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the culminant over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Culmination begins with a morphogenetic change of the finger-like or migratory slug giving rise to an organized structure containing a stalk and a sorus. This process is the final stage of sorocarp development. 41
GO:0080001 mucilage extrusion from seed coat The process in which seed mucilage expands through hydration and breaks the outer cell wall that encapsulates the whole seed upon imbibition. Mucilage, mainly composed of pectins, is formed during seed development and deposited into the apoplast underneath the outer wall of the seed coat. 41
GO:0051038 negative regulation of transcription during meiosis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription during meiosis. 40
GO:0060471 cortical granule exocytosis The process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules contained within a cortical granule by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. A cortical granule is a specialized secretory vesicle that is released during egg activation that changes the surface of the egg to prevent polyspermy. 40
GO:0048359 mucilage metabolic process involved seed coat development The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur as part of seed coat development; mucilage is normally synthesized during seed coat development. 40
GO:0007288 sperm axoneme assembly The assembly and organization of the sperm flagellar axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of the eukaryotic sperm flagellum, and is responsible for movement. 40
GO:0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs. 39
GO:0048281 inflorescence morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of inflorescences are generated and organized. An inflorescence is the part of a seed plant body that is usually above ground and that can bear flowers. 39
GO:0048354 mucilage biosynthetic process involved in seed coat development The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage that occur as part of seed coat development; mucilage is normally synthesized during seed coat development. 39
GO:0048575 short-day photoperiodism, flowering A change from vegetative to reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that falls short of the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is short-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness exceeds the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length. 38
GO:0010047 fruit dehiscence The process leading to the spontaneous opening of the fruit permitting the escape of seeds. 38
GO:0060206 estrous cycle phase The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the estrous cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The estrous cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is resorbed if pregnancy does not occur. 36
GO:0007144 female meiosis I The cell cycle process in which the first meiotic division occurs in the female germline. 36
GO:0072462 signal transduction involved in meiotic recombination checkpoint A signal transduction process that contributes to a meiotic recombination checkpoint. 35
GO:0010231 maintenance of seed dormancy Any process that maintains a seed in a dormant state. 35
GO:0007114 cell budding A form of asexual reproduction, occurring in certain bacteria and fungi (e.g. yeasts) and some primitive animals in which an individual arises from a daughter cell formed by pinching off a part of the parent cell. The budlike outgrowths so formed may sometimes remain attached to the parent cell. 35
GO:0030703 eggshell formation Construction of the eggshell, a product of the somatic follicle cell epithelium and a structure that supports the egg in a hostile environment, minimizing water loss whilst allowing gas exchanges essential for embryonic respiration. 35
GO:0007117 budding cell bud growth The process in which the bud portion of a cell that reproduces by budding irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. 35
GO:0007121 bipolar cellular bud site selection The process of defining subsequent sites of bud emergence such that budding takes place at alternating poles of a budding cell. 35
GO:0046784 intronless viral mRNA export from host nucleus The directed movement of intronless viral mRNA from the host nucleus to the cytoplasm for translation. 35
GO:0000909 sporocarp development involved in sexual reproduction The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a fruiting body organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruiting body is a spore bearing structure. In fungi, the sporocarp (also known as fruiting body) is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruiting body is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cycle, with the rest of the life cycle being characterized by vegetative mycelial growth. The sporocarp of a basidiomycete is known as a basidiocarp, while the fruiting body of an ascomycete is known as an ascocarp. A significant range of different shapes and morphologies is found in both basidiocarps and ascocarps; these features play an important role in the identification and taxonomy of fungi. 34
GO:0007292 female gamete generation Generation of the female gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a male gamete takes part in sexual reproduction. 34
GO:0007294 germarium-derived oocyte fate determination The cell fate determination process in which a germarium-derived cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oocyte cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 34
GO:0016321 female meiosis chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a female. 33
GO:0072520 seminiferous tubule development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seminiferous tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Seminiferous tubules are ducts located in the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes, namely spermatozoa. 33
GO:0009835 fruit ripening An aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal. 33
GO:0046788 egress of virus within host cell The process of moving the (often) incomplete virion to the cell surface in order to be released from the cell. Egress can involve travel through the endoplasmic reticulum or cytoplasm and will often include final maturation stages of the virion, but it occurs entirely within the cell. 32
GO:0043935 sexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore The formation of spores derived from the products of meiosis. A cellular spore is a cell form that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction. 31
GO:0051455 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in homologous chromosome segregation The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during meiosis I. During meiosis I sister kinetochores are lying next to each other facing the same spindle pole and monopolar attachment of the chromatid to the spindle occurs. 31
GO:0046692 sperm competition Any process that contributes to the success of sperm fertilization in multiply-mated females. 31
GO:0000212 meiotic spindle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a meiotic cell cycle. 31
GO:0007119 budding cell isotropic bud growth Unlocalized bud growth such that the entire surface of the bud expands evenly, in a cell that reproduces by budding. 30
GO:0048574 long-day photoperiodism, flowering A change from the vegetative to the reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that exceeds the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is long-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness falls short of the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length. 30
GO:0007595 lactation The secretion of milk by the mammary gland. 30
GO:0046843 dorsal appendage formation Establishment of the dorsal filaments, elaborate specializations of the chorion that protrude from the anterior end of the egg and facilitate embryonic respiration. 29
GO:0001410 chlamydospore formation The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the chlamydospore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A chlamydospores is a mitotic (asexual) one-celled spore, produced primarily for survival, not dispersal, originating endogenously and singly within part of a pre-existing cell and possessing an inner secondary and often thickened cell wall. An example of this is found in Candida albicans. 29
GO:0007312 oocyte nucleus migration involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification The directed movement of the oocyte nucleus within the cell as part of the establishment and maintenance of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 29
GO:0007280 pole cell migration The directed movement of a pole cell (germline progenitors in insects) from its site of production at the posterior pole of the embryo through to the site where the gonads will form. 29
GO:0010262 somatic embryogenesis Initiation of a somatic embryo-an embryo arising from previously differentiated somatic cells, rather than from fused haploid gametes. 28
GO:0007307 eggshell chorion gene amplification Amplification by up to 60-fold of the loci containing the chorion gene clusters. Amplification is necessary for the rapid synthesis of chorion proteins by the follicle cells, and occurs by repeated firing of one or more origins located within each gene cluster. 28
GO:0042698 ovulation cycle The type of sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. 28
GO:0007565 female pregnancy The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth. 28
GO:0001556 oocyte maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization. 27
GO:0048240 sperm capacitation A process required for sperm to reach fertilization competence. Sperm undergo an incompletely understood series of morphological and molecular maturational processes, termed capacitation, involving, among other processes, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and increased intracellular calcium. 25
GO:0030476 ascospore wall assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an ascospore wall. During sporulation in Ascomycota, each ascospore nucleus becomes surrounded by a specialized spore wall, formed by deposition of spore wall components in the lumenal space between the outer and inner leaflets of the prospore membrane. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 24
GO:0048838 release of seed from dormancy The process in which the dormant state is broken in a seed. Dormancy is characterized by a suspension of physiological activity that can be reactivated upon release. 24
GO:0000747 conjugation with cellular fusion A conjugation process that results in the union of cellular and genetic information from compatible mating types. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 23
GO:0044703 multi-organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism. 23
GO:0019076 viral release from host cell The dissemination of mature viral particles from the host cell, e.g. by cell lysis or the budding of virus particles from the cell membrane. 23
GO:0048803 imaginal disc-derived male genitalia morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of male genitalia are generated and organized from the genital imaginal disc. 22
GO:0030540 female genitalia development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female genitalia over time, from formation to the mature structure. 22
GO:0034606 response to hermaphrodite contact The response by the male to a hermaphrodite after initial contact following mate finding. The male stops forward locomotion, presses the ventral side of his tail against his partner's body, and begins moving backward along the hermaphrodite. Male response behavior is initiated when sensory neurons located in the rays of his tail contact a potential mate. 20
GO:0009942 longitudinal axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the longitudinal axis. In plants, this is the axis that runs from the shoot to the root. 19
GO:0045143 homologous chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets. 19
GO:0033206 meiotic cytokinesis A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after meiosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells. 19
GO:0048315 conidium formation Formation of asexual, nonmotile spores in fungi, by conversion of hyphal elements or arising from specialized sporogenous cells. 19
GO:0035047 centrosomal and pronuclear rotation The rotation of centrosomes and associated pronuclei in one-cell embryos such as those of Caenorhabditis elegans, occurring as a transition between pronuclear migration and pronuclear fusion. 18
GO:0000751 cell cycle arrest in response to pheromone The cell cycle regulatory process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M) as a result of a pheromone stimulus. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 18
GO:0007567 parturition The reproductive process in which the parent is separated from its offspring either by giving birth to live young or by laying eggs. 18
GO:0001541 ovarian follicle development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 18
GO:0031322 ascospore-type prospore-specific spindle pole body remodeling A spindle pole body (SPB) organization process that takes place during the second meiotic division during ascospore formation and results in the structural reorganization of the SPB; includes the recruitment of sporulation-specific proteins to the outer plaque to form the meiotic outer plaque (MOP). 17
GO:0000743 nuclear migration involved in conjugation with cellular fusion The net movement of nuclei towards one another as a prelude to karyogamy in organisms undergoing conjugation with cellular fusion. 17
GO:0030582 fruiting body development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruiting body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A fruiting body is a multicellular structure that contains spores. 17
GO:0035044 sperm aster formation Formation and organization of an aster composed of microtubule arrays originating from the sperm basal body and extending virtually to the egg periphery. The sperm aster ensures the appropriate positioning of the male and female pronuclei. 17
GO:0019068 virion assembly A late phase of viral replication during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed. 17
GO:0019061 uncoating of virus A general term applied to the events that occur after penetration; refers to the 'uncoating' of the viral genome from the nucleocapsid core. 17
GO:0035038 female pronucleus assembly Assembly of the haploid nucleus of the unfertilized egg. 17
GO:0007128 meiotic prophase I Prophase occurring as part of meiosis I. Prophase is the part of nuclear division in which, canonically, chromosomes condense and the two daughter centrioles and their asters migrate toward the poles of the cell. Meiosis I is the first phase of meiosis, in which cells divide and homologous chromosomes are paired and segregated from each other. 16
GO:0046697 decidualization The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta. 15
GO:0060008 Sertoli cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Sertoli cell. A Sertoli cell is a supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. 15
GO:0034608 vulval location Location, by the male, of his partner's vulva when backing along the ventral side of the hermaphrodite during mating. The male stops at the vulva, coordinates his movements to the hermaphrodite's, and positions his tail precisely over the vulva so that he may insert his spicules and ejaculate. 15
GO:0019954 asexual reproduction The biological process in which new individuals are produced by either a single cell or a group of cells, in the absence of any sexual process. 14
GO:0008315 meiotic G2/MI transition The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from meiotic prophase to metaphase I. 13
GO:0000706 meiotic DNA double-strand break processing The cell cycle process in which the 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang occurs. This takes place during meiosis. 13
GO:0048806 genitalia development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 12
GO:0000742 karyogamy involved in conjugation with cellular fusion During sexual reproduction, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. This occurs after cytogamy. 12
GO:0000710 meiotic mismatch repair A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules. Correction of the mismatch can result in non-Mendelian segregation of alleles following meiosis. 12
GO:0048826 cotyledon morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the cotyledon are generated and organized. The cotyledon is the modified leaf (seed leaf), found as part of the embryo in plant seeds. It is involved in either storage or absorption of food reserves. Dicotyledonous seeds contain two cotyledons, while monocotyledonous seeds contain only one. The cotyledons may appear above ground and show photosynthetic activity in the seedling. 12
GO:0010450 inflorescence meristem growth The increase in size or mass of an inflorescence meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant shoot which produces small leaves and then floral meristems, which will give rise to flowers. 12
GO:0007535 donor selection The process that determines which donor locus a cell uses, in preference to another, in mating type switching. 12
GO:0070787 conidiophore development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores. 12
GO:0007118 budding cell apical bud growth Growth at the tip of a bud, in a cell that reproduces by budding. 12
GO:0009994 oocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized immature germ cell acquires the specialized features of a mature female gamete. 12
GO:0007130 synaptonemal complex assembly The cell cycle process in which the synaptonemal complex is formed. This is a structure that holds paired chromosomes together during prophase I of meiosis and that promotes genetic recombination. 12
GO:0007617 mating behavior The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. 11
GO:0048530 fruit morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a fruit are generated and organized. A fruit is a reproductive body of a seed plant. 11
GO:0009554 megasporogenesis The process in which the megasporocyte undergoes meiosis, giving rise to four haploid megaspores in the nucellus. 11
GO:0007338 single fertilization The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote. 11
GO:0048317 seed morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the seed are generated and organized. 11
GO:0000905 sporocarp development involved in asexual reproduction The formation of a spore-bearing structure by fungus where spores will arise from asexual reproduction. 11
GO:0007548 sex differentiation The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation. 10
GO:0006311 meiotic gene conversion The cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another. It often occurs in association with general genetic recombination events, and is believed to be a straightforward consequence of the mechanisms of general recombination and DNA repair. For example, meiosis might yield three copies of the maternal version of an allele and only one copy of the paternal allele, indicating that one of the two copies of the paternal allele has been changed to a copy of the maternal allele. 10
GO:0008354 germ cell migration The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form. 10
GO:0043936 asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore The formation of a cellular spore derived from the products of mitosis. A cellular spore is a cell form that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction. 10
GO:0046844 micropyle formation Establishment of the micropyle, a single cone-shaped specialization of the chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization. 10
GO:0001555 oocyte growth The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. 9
GO:0007344 pronuclear fusion The merging of two pronuclei in a fertilized egg to fuse and produce a single zygotic genome. 9
GO:0048508 embryonic meristem development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryonic meristem over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 9
GO:0048700 acquisition of desiccation tolerance in seed The process in which a seed acquires tolerance to severe drying, before entering into a dry, either dormant or quiescent state. 9
GO:0000239 pachytene A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the third stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which crossing over occurs between a chromatid in one partner and another chromatid in the homologous chromosome. 9
GO:0022602 ovulation cycle process A process involved in the sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. 9
GO:0007293 germarium-derived egg chamber formation Construction of a stage-1 egg chamber in the anterior part of the germarium, from the progeny of germ-line and somatic stem cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 8
GO:0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. 8
GO:0019060 intracellular transport of viral proteins in host cell The directed movement of viral proteins within the host cell. 8
GO:0046740 spread of virus in host, cell to cell The process of viral dissemination within an infected host organism where infectious virion particles are passed from infected to uninfected host cells. 8
GO:0048142 germarium-derived cystoblast division The four rounds of incomplete mitosis undergone by a cystoblast to form a 16-cell cyst of interconnected cells within a germarium. Within the cyst, one cell differentiates into an oocyte while the rest become nurse cells. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 8
GO:0007290 spermatid nucleus elongation The change in shape of the spermatid nucleus from a spherical structure to an elongated organelle, during the latter part of spermatid differentiation. 8
GO:0007284 spermatogonial cell division The mitotic divisions of the primary spermatogonial cell (a primordial male germ cell) to form secondary spermatogonia (primary spermatocytes). 8
GO:0035262 gonad morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the gonads are generated and organized. A gonad is an animal organ producing gametes, e.g. the testes or the ovary in mammals. 8
GO:0070791 cleistothecium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cleistothecium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella. 7
GO:0007566 embryo implantation Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining. 7
GO:0000734 gene conversion at mating-type locus, DNA repair synthesis Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end uses the homologous intact duplex as the template during gene conversion at the mating-type locus. 7
GO:0019094 pole plasm mRNA localization Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 7
GO:0040040 thermosensory behavior Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of temperature. 7
GO:0019098 reproductive behavior The specific actions or reactions of an organism that are associated with reproduction. 6
GO:0046732 active induction of host immune response by virus The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of a host defense response to viral infection. 6
GO:0030717 karyosome formation The chromosome organization process in which meiotic chromosomes in the oocyte nucleus cluster together to form a compact spherical structure called the karyosome. 6
GO:0033327 Leydig cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Leydig cell. A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. 6
GO:0009900 dehiscence The opening of an anther, fruit or other structure, which permits the escape of reproductive bodies contained within it. 6
GO:0000712 resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates The cleavage and rejoining of intermediates, such as Holliday junctions, formed during meiotic recombination to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged. 6
GO:0030713 ovarian follicle cell stalk formation Development of ovarian follicle cells to create the interfollicular stalks that connect the egg chambers of progressive developmental stages. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 6
GO:0007127 meiosis I A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the first phase of meiosis, in which cells divide and homologous chromosomes are paired and segregated from each other, producing two daughter cells. 6
GO:0007304 chorion-containing eggshell formation The construction of a chorion-containing eggshell. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 5
GO:0046739 spread of virus in multicellular host The dissemination of infectious virion particles within an infected host organism. 5
GO:0022605 oogenesis stage A reproductive process that is a step in the formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell. 5
GO:0007138 meiotic anaphase II An anaphase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of meiosis II. 5
GO:0007303 cytoplasmic transport, nurse cell to oocyte The directed movement of cytoplasmic constituents synthesized in the nurse cells to the oocyte. 5
GO:0032120 ascospore-type prospore membrane assembly The process in which the nascent membrane forms at the meiotic outer plaque and grows until closure occurs and forespores, or prospores, are formed. 5
GO:0001552 ovarian follicle atresia A periodic process in which immature ovarian follicles degenerate and are subsequently re-absorbed. 5
GO:0042006 masculinization of hermaphroditic germ-line The determination of male sex and sexual phenotype in the germ-line of the hermaphrodite. An example of this is found in Caenorhabditis elegans. 5
GO:0051078 meiotic nuclear envelope disassembly The cell cycle process in which the controlled breakdown of the nuclear envelope during meiotic cell division occurs. 5
GO:0060744 mammary gland branching involved in thelarche The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized during the period of sexual maturity in mammals. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. 5
GO:0051296 establishment of meiotic spindle orientation Any process that set the alignment of meiotic spindle relative to other cellular structures. 4
GO:0019079 viral genome replication Any process involved directly in viral genome replication, including viral nucleotide metabolism. 4
GO:0007340 acrosome reaction The discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule following the sperm's attachment to the zona pellucida surrounding the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents into the egg. 4
GO:0046719 regulation by virus of viral protein levels in host cell Any virus-mediated process that modulates the levels of viral proteins in a cell. 4
GO:0051487 activation of anaphase-promoting complex activity involved in meiotic cell cycle Any process that initiates the ubiquitin ligase activity of the anaphase-promoting complex during the meiotic cell cycle. 4
GO:0000753 cell morphogenesis involved in conjugation with cellular fusion The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo conjugation cellular fusion. 4
GO:0051754 meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric The cell cycle process in which centromeres of sister chromatids are joined during meiosis. 4
GO:0071432 peptide mating pheromone maturation involved in conjugation with cellular fusion The formation of a mature peptide mating pheromone by proteolysis and/or modification of a peptide precursor, occurring in the context of conjugation with cellular fusion. 4
GO:0032220 plasma membrane fusion involved in cytogamy The joining of two or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround cells, that contributes to cytogamy. 4
GO:0060378 regulation of brood size Any process that modulates the extent of brood size. Brood size is the number of progeny that survive embryogenesis and are cared for at one time. 4
GO:0046786 viral replication complex formation and maintenance The process of organizing and assembling viral replication proteins in preparation for viral replication. 4
GO:0007120 axial cellular bud site selection The process of defining the next site of bud emergence adjacent to the last site of bud emergence on a budding cell. 3
GO:0030708 germarium-derived female germ-line cyst encapsulation Formation of a single follicular epithelium around the germ-line derived cells of a cyst formed in the germarium. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 3
GO:0010032 meiotic chromosome condensation Compaction of chromatin structure prior to meiosis in eukaryotic cells. 3
GO:0007297 ovarian follicle cell migration The directed movement of an ovarian follicle cell that takes place during oogenesis. During egg chamber formation, follicle cells migrate to envelop the germ-line cysts and move in between cysts. At stage 10B, follicle cells migrate centripetally between the nurse cells and the oocyte, enclosing the anterior of the egg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 3
GO:0051307 meiotic chromosome separation The process in which chromosomes are physically detached from each other during meiosis. 3
GO:0009856 pollination The cascade of biological processes occurring in plants beginning when the pollen lands on the stigma and continuing up to, but not including, fertilization, as defined by sperm-central cell fusion. 3
GO:0045450 bicoid mRNA localization Any process in which bicoid mRNA is transported to and maintained within the oocyte as part of the specification of the anterior/posterior axis. 3
GO:0007300 ovarian nurse cell to oocyte transport Transfer of constituents synthesized in the ovarian nurse cells to the oocyte, through the ring canals, as the egg chamber is growing. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 3
GO:0001542 ovulation from ovarian follicle The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus. 3
GO:0008049 male courtship behavior The actions or reactions of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 3
GO:0048283 indeterminate inflorescence morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of determinate inflorescences are generated and organized. A determinate inflorescence is one that can produce an undefined number of floral meristems. 3
GO:0010071 root meristem specification The specification of a meristem which will give rise to a primary or lateral root. 3
GO:0009566 fertilization The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy). 3
GO:0007279 pole cell formation Formation of a small group of cells (pole cells) at the posterior pole of the insect blastula. They are the first cells to cellularize after the arrival of nuclei at the end of the syncytial blastula stage and are the precursors to the insect germ cells. 3
GO:0045141 meiotic telomere clustering The cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body. This plays an important role in homologous chromosome pairing and therefore progression through meiosis. 3
GO:0007057 spindle assembly involved in female meiosis I The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 3
GO:0090306 spindle assembly involved in meiosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle that contributes to the process of meiosis. 3
GO:0080173 male-female gamete recognition during double fertilization The initial contact step made between the male gamete and the female gamete during double fertilization. An example can be found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 3
GO:0010069 zygote asymmetric cytokinesis in embryo sac The division of the zygote in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the embryo sac to produce a larger basal cell near the micropyle and a small terminal cell close to what was the central cell and is now the developing endosperm. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 3
GO:0007343 egg activation The process in which the egg becomes metabolically active, initiates protein and DNA synthesis and undergoes structural changes to its cortex and/or cytoplasm. 3
GO:0007533 mating type switching The conversion of a single-cell organism from one mating type to another by the precise replacement of a DNA sequence at the expressed mating type locus with a copy of a sequence from a donor locus. 2
GO:0010068 protoderm histogenesis The formation of the primary meristem or meristematic tissue that gives rise to the epidermis. 2
GO:0000709 meiotic joint molecule formation The conversion of the paired broken DNA and homologous duplex DNA into a four-stranded branched intermediate, known as a joint molecule, formed during meiotic recombination. These joint molecules contain Holliday junctions on either side of heteroduplex DNA. 2
GO:0000238 zygotene A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the second stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which each chromosome pairs with its homolog; the two become aligned and crossing over may occur. 2
GO:0007341 penetration of zona pellucida The infiltration by sperm of the zona pellucida to reach the oocyte. The process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm. 2
GO:0007289 spermatid nucleus differentiation The specialization of the spermatid nucleus during the development of a spermatid into a mature male gamete competent for fertilization. 2
GO:0007053 spindle assembly involved in male meiosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 2
GO:0007314 oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification Polarization of the oocyte along its anterior-posterior axis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 2
GO:0000711 meiotic DNA repair synthesis During meiosis, the synthesis of DNA proceeding from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end that uses the homologous intact duplex as the template. 2
GO:0007310 oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 2
GO:0007135 meiosis II A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the second phase of meiosis, in which cells divide and separate the two chromatids in each chromosome. 2
GO:0060137 maternal process involved in parturition A reproductive process occurring in the mother that results in birth. 2
GO:0042697 menopause Cessation of menstruation, occurring in (e.g.) the human female usually around the age of 50. 2
GO:0030727 germarium-derived female germ-line cyst formation Formation, in a germarium, of a group of interconnected cells derived from a single female gonial founder cell (a cystoblast). The germarium is the most anterior portion of an insect ovariole. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 2
GO:0045144 meiotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and randomly apportioned to two sets during the second division of the meiotic cell cycle. 2
GO:0001893 maternal placenta development Maternally driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin. 2
GO:0009971 anastral spindle assembly involved in male meiosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the anastral spindle in male meiotic cells. 2
GO:0001675 acrosome assembly The formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi. 2
GO:0051663 oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell during the establishment and maintenance of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte. 1
GO:0045476 nurse cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a nurse cell. During late oogenesis, following the transfer of substances from the nurse cells to the oocyte, nurse cell remnants are cleared from the egg chamber by apoptotic process. 1
GO:0007311 maternal specification of dorsal/ventral axis, oocyte, germ-line encoded Polarization of the oocyte along the dorsal-ventral axis, by a gene product encoded by cells of the germ line. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0007318 pole plasm protein localization Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0007110 meiosis I cytokinesis A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after meiosis I, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells. 1
GO:0040038 polar body extrusion after meiotic divisions The cell cycle process in which two small cells are generated, as byproducts destined to degenerate, as a result of the first and second meiotic divisions of a primary oocyte during its development to a mature ovum. One polar body is formed in the first division of meiosis and the other in the second division; at each division, the cytoplasm divides unequally, so that the polar body is of much smaller size than the developing oocyte. At the second division in which a polar body is formed, the polar body and the developing oocyte each contain a haploid set of chromosomes. 1
GO:0007136 meiotic prophase II Prophase occurring as part of meiosis II. Prophase is the part of nuclear division in which, canonically, chromosomes condense and the two daughter centrioles and their asters migrate toward the poles of the cell. Meiosis II is the second phase of meiosis, in which cells divide and separate the two chromatids in each chromosome. 1
GO:0001553 luteinization The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation. 1
GO:0051316 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in meiotic chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex contributing to meiotic chromosome segregation. 1
GO:0046594 maintenance of pole plasm mRNA location The process of maintaining mRNA in a specific location in the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0048236 plant-type spore development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spore gives rise to gametophytes. 1
GO:0075733 intracellular transport of viral material The directed movement of the viral genome or the intact virus (virion) within the host cell cytoplasm. 1
GO:0040021 hermaphrodite germ-line sex determination The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in the germ line of a hermaphrodite. 1
GO:0007321 sperm displacement The physical displacement of sperm stored from previous mating encounters. 1
GO:0080127 fruit septum development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit septum is a thin partition or membrane that divides a cavity or a mass of tissue in the fruit. 1
GO:0043046 DNA methylation involved in gamete generation The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine that contributes to the establishment of DNA methylation patterns in the gamete. 1
GO:0033316 meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint A cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a meiotic cell cycle until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. 1
GO:0035092 sperm chromatin condensation The progressive compaction of the spermatid chromatin so that it reaches a level of condensation that is not compatible with nuclear activities such as transcription or DNA replication. 1
GO:0046595 establishment of pole plasm mRNA localization Any process that results in the directed movement of mRNA to the oocyte pole plasm. 1
GO:0048047 mating behavior, sex discrimination The actions or reactions of individuals for the purpose of discriminating between the sexes, for the purpose of finding a suitable mating partner. 1
GO:0030539 male genitalia development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure. 1
GO:0045137 development of primary sexual characteristics The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary sexual characteristics are the testes in males and the ovaries in females and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion. 1
GO:0007111 meiosis II cytokinesis A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after meiosis II, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells. 1
GO:0070192 chromosome organization involved in meiosis A process of chromosome organization that is involved in meiosis. 1
GO:0000237 leptotene A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the first stage of prophase I in meiosis, in which chromosomes first become visible. 1
GO:0043060 meiotic metaphase I plate congression The alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the meiotic spindle, during meiosis I. 1
GO:0051759 sister chromosome movement towards spindle pole involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation The directed movement of sister chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during meiosis II. 1
GO:0032505 reproduction of a single-celled organism The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two single-celled organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. 1
GO:0043147 meiotic spindle stabilization The cell cycle process in which spindle integrity is maintained during M phase of meiosis. 1
GO:0007147 female meiosis II The cell cycle process in which the second meiotic division occurs in the female germline. 1
GO:0007309 oocyte axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of an axis in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0007054 spindle assembly involved in male meiosis I The formation of the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0051177 meiotic sister chromatid cohesion The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome during meiosis. 1