| GOID Link to GO |
Functional Category | Description | Protein Count link to protein list |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0009506 | plasmodesma | A fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell. | 7057 |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. | 1976 |
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. | 1754 |
| GO:0043234 | protein complex | Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules. | 758 |
| GO:0045202 | synapse | The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell; the site of interneuronal communication. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. | 176 |
| GO:0005911 | cell-cell junction | A cell junction that forms a connection between two cells; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. | 130 |
| GO:0031012 | extracellular matrix | A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants). | 129 |
| GO:0005925 | focal adhesion | Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. | 109 |
| GO:0005923 | tight junction | An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes. | 98 |
| GO:0005912 | adherens junction | A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments. | 90 |
| GO:0031982 | vesicle | Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane or protein. | 83 |
| GO:0031594 | neuromuscular junction | The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a post-synaptic potential responsible of the muscle contraction. | 76 |
| GO:0030054 | cell junction | A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix. | 73 |
| GO:0032991 | macromolecular complex | A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which the constituent parts function together. | 71 |
| GO:0014704 | intercalated disc | A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. | 69 |
| GO:0031974 | membrane-enclosed lumen | The enclosed volume within a sealed membrane or between two sealed membranes. Encompasses the volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the space between the two lipid bilayers of a double membrane surrounding an organelle, e.g. nuclear envelope lumen. | 64 |
| GO:0002199 | zona pellucida receptor complex | A multisubunit complex comprising the chaperonin-containing T-complex and several other components involved in mediating sperm-oocyte Interaction. | 62 |
| GO:0046581 | intercellular canaliculus | An extremely narrow tubular channel located between adjacent cells. An instance of this is the secretory canaliculi occurring between adjacent parietal cells in the gastric mucosa of vertebrates. | 46 |
| GO:0031983 | vesicle lumen | The volume enclosed by the membrane or protein that forms a vesicle. | 46 |
| GO:0043674 | columella | A rod-like element of the sexine and ectexine, supporting either the tectum (the layer of sexine which forms a roof over the columella), or supporting a caput (an architectural element on top of a columella). | 45 |
| GO:0000974 | Prp19 complex | A protein complex consisting of Prp19 and associated proteins that is involved in the transition from the precatalytic spliceosome to the activated form that catalyzes step 1 of splicing, and which remains associated with the spliceosome through the second catalytic step. It is widely conserved, found in both yeast and mammals, though the exact composition varies. In S. cerevisiae, it contains Prp19p, Ntc20p, Snt309p, Isy1p, Syf2p, Cwc2p, Prp46p, Clf1p, Cef1p, and Syf1p. | 39 |
| GO:0044456 | synapse part | Any constituent part of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. | 34 |
| GO:0031988 | membrane-bounded vesicle | Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by a lipid bilayer. | 31 |
| GO:0034464 | BBSome | A protein complex that associates with the primary cilium and is involved in cilium biogenesis; consists of seven conserved proteins: BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS8 and BBS9. | 25 |
| GO:0044422 | organelle part | Any constituent part of an organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, but excludes the plasma membrane. | 23 |
| GO:0043296 | apical junction complex | A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability. | 21 |
| GO:0090443 | FAR/SIN/STRIPAK complex | A conserved protein phosphatase type 2A complex which contains a protein phosphatase type 2A, a protein phosphatase regulatory subunit, a striatin, an FHA domain protein and other subunits (at least six proteins). In fission yeast this complex negatively regulate the septation initiation network at the spindle pole body. | 20 |
| GO:0097078 | FAl1-SGD1 complex | A protein complex involved in the 18S rRNA biogenesis. In S. cerevisiae this complex consists of Fal1p and Sgd1p and in humans this complex consists of NOM1 and eIF4AIII subunits. | 19 |
| GO:0043668 | exine | The outer layer of the pollen grain wall which is composed primarily of sporopollenin. | 17 |
| GO:0010330 | cellulose synthase complex | A large, multimeric protein complex, organized in a rosette, which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant cell wall. | 17 |
| GO:0009295 | nucleoid | The region of a virus, bacterial cell, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the nucleic acid is confined. | 17 |
| GO:0033186 | CAF-1 complex | A conserved heterotrimeric protein complex that promotes histone H3 and H4 deposition onto newly synthesized DNA during replication or DNA repair; specifically facilitates replication-dependent nucleosome assembly with the major histone H3 (H3.1). In many species the CAF-1 subunits are designated p150, p60, and p48. | 14 |
| GO:0097362 | MCM8-MCM9 complex | A hexameric protein complex composed of MCM8 and MCM9 and involved in homologous recombination repair following DNA interstrand cross-links. | 8 |
| GO:0002189 | ribose phosphate diphosphokinase complex | A protein complex having ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity. | 7 |
| GO:0005921 | gap junction | A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons. | 7 |
| GO:0043227 | membrane-bounded organelle | Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. | 5 |
| GO:0010317 | pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase complex, alpha-subunit complex | Refers to the alpha subunit of the heterodimeric complex that possesses pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase activity. | 5 |
| GO:0005913 | cell-cell adherens junction | An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell. | 5 |
| GO:0097255 | R2TP complex | A highly conserved protein complex comprised of two ATP-dependent DNA helicases (Rvb1p and Rvb2p in yeast, Pontin52 and Reptin52 in humans), Pih1p in yeast or PIH1D1 in humans, and Tah1 in yeast or RPAP3 in humans. The complex associates with Hsp90 and is thought to have a role in assembly of large protein or protein/nucleic acid complexes. In this role it is involved in multiple processes such as box C/D snoRNP biogenesis, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) signaling, RNA polymerase II assembly, and others. | 4 |
| GO:0030056 | hemidesmosome | A cell-substrate junction that forms a point of contact between the basal surface of epithelial cells and the basal lamina. Morphologically resembles desmosomes; attached to intermediate filaments. | 4 |
| GO:0097373 | MCM core complex | A protein complex that contains Mcm4, Mcm6, and Mcm7 proteins, and possesses DNA helicase activity. In the heterohexameric MCM complex, the Mcm4/6/7 proteins form a stable core, and Mcm2, Mcm3, and Mcm5 are more peripherally associated. | 4 |
| GO:0010318 | pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase complex, beta-subunit complex | Refers to the beta subunit of the heterodimeric complex that possesses pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase activity. | 3 |
| GO:0042555 | MCM complex | A hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication. | 3 |
| GO:0043235 | receptor complex | Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. | 3 |
| GO:0035859 | Seh1-associated complex | A protein complex that associates dynamically with the vacuolar membrane, and is proposed to have a role in membrane-associated trafficking or regulatory processes. In S. cerevisiae the complex contains Seh1p, Sec13p, Npr2p, Npr3p, Iml1p, Mtc5p, Rtc1p, and Sea4p. | 2 |
| GO:0000441 | SSL2-core TFIIH complex | A complex which is part of both the general transcription factor TFIIH and the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex. It is composed of the tightly associated 5 subunit core TFIIH subcomplex plus one additional, more loosely associated subunit. The subunits are well conserved from yeast to humans. In S. cerevisiae, the 5-subunit core is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4 and the loosely associated subunit is Ssl2p (also called Rad25). In humans, the 5 subunit core is composed of ERCC2, p62, p55, p44, p34 and the loosely associated subunit is XPB. | 2 |
| GO:0005924 | cell-substrate adherens junction | An adherens junction which connects a cell to the extracellular matrix. | 2 |
| GO:0060077 | inhibitory synapse | A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell reduces the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. | 2 |
| GO:0032994 | protein-lipid complex | A macromolecular complex containing both protein and lipid molecules. | 2 |
| GO:0060076 | excitatory synapse | A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. | 2 |
| GO:0044420 | extracellular matrix part | Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants). | 2 |
| GO:0036026 | protein C inhibitor-PLAT complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (PLAT); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of tissue-type plasminogen activator. | 1 |
| GO:0030055 | cell-substrate junction | A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix. | 1 |
| GO:0032476 | decaprenyl diphosphate synthase complex | A complex that possesses di-trans,poly-cis-decaprenylcistransferase activity; involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis. | 1 |
| GO:0036030 | protein C inhibitor-plasma kallikrein complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and plasma kallikrein (KLK1B); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of plasma kallikrein. | 1 |
| GO:0043226 | organelle | Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. | 1 |
| GO:0097196 | Shu complex | A protein complex involved in error-free DNA post-replication repair (PRR). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Csm2p, Psy3p, Shu1p, and Shu2p. | 1 |
| GO:0036028 | protein C inhibitor-thrombin complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and thrombin (F2); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of thrombin. | 1 |
| GO:0005915 | zonula adherens | A cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells. | 1 |
| GO:0036024 | protein C inhibitor-TMPRSS7 complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and transmembrane protease serine 7 (TMPRSS7); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of transmembrane protease serine 7. | 1 |
| GO:0032993 | protein-DNA complex | A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. | 1 |
| GO:0036029 | protein C inhibitor-KLK3 complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and prostate-specific antigen (KLK3); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of prostate-specific antigen. | 1 |
| GO:0036027 | protein C inhibitor-PLAU complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of urokinase-type plasminogen activator. | 1 |
| GO:0097183 | protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor XI complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and coagulation factor XI (F11); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of coagulation factor XI. | 1 |
| GO:0097181 | protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor V complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and coagulation factor V (F5); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of coagulation factor V. | 1 |
| GO:0097182 | protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor Xa complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and coagulation factor Xa (F10); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of coagulation factor Xa. | 1 |
| GO:0036025 | protein C inhibitor-TMPRSS11E complex | A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and transmembrane protease serine 11E (TMPRSS11E); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of transmembrane protease serine 11E. | 1 |
| GO:0005914 | spot adherens junction | A small cell-cell adherens junction assembled during the cellularization stage of insect embyrogenesis; spot adherens junctions later fuse to form the zonula adherens. | 1 |