| GOID Link to GO |
Functional Category | Description | Protein Count link to protein list |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0046331 | lateral inhibition | Signaling between cells of equivalent developmental potential that results in these cells adopting different developmental fates. An example is the suppression by cells with a particular fate of the adoption of the same fate by surrounding cells. | 173 |
| GO:0007268 | synaptic transmission | The process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. | 112 |
| GO:0007269 | neurotransmitter secretion | The regulated release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. A neurotransmitter is any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. Among the many substances that have the properties of a neurotransmitter are acetylcholine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, glycine, gamma-aminobutyrate, glutamic acid, substance P, enkephalins, endorphins and serotonin. | 98 |
| GO:0048488 | synaptic vesicle endocytosis | An endocytosis process that results in the invagination of the axonal plasma membrane to create a membrane-bounded vesicle. This process takes up excess membrane that would otherwise accumulate at the presynaptic terminal due to fusion of vesicle membranes during neurotransmitter release. The vesicles created may subsequently be used for neurotransmitter storage and release. | 75 |
| GO:0042136 | neurotransmitter biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. | 48 |
| GO:0050807 | regulation of synapse organization | Any process that modulates the physical form of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). | 42 |
| GO:0007274 | neuromuscular synaptic transmission | The process of communication from a neuron to a muscle, across a synapse. | 36 |
| GO:0048489 | synaptic vesicle transport | The directed movement of substances in synaptic membrane-bounded vesicles within the neuron along the cytoskeleton either toward or away from the neuronal cell body. | 35 |
| GO:0045886 | negative regulation of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction. | 33 |
| GO:0002553 | histamine secretion by mast cell | The regulated release of histamine by a mast cell or group of mast cells. | 29 |
| GO:0016183 | synaptic vesicle coating | A protein coat is added to the synaptic vesicle to form the proper shape of the vesicle and to target the vesicle for transport to its destination. | 28 |
| GO:0016079 | synaptic vesicle exocytosis | Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. | 28 |
| GO:0050803 | regulation of synapse structure and activity | Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). | 20 |
| GO:0001504 | neurotransmitter uptake | The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. It does not occur during cholinergic synaptic transmission. Instead, acetylcholine is enzymatically degraded in the synaptic cleft. | 20 |
| GO:0045213 | neurotransmitter receptor metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving neurotransmitter receptors. | 19 |
| GO:0008582 | regulation of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junctions. | 17 |
| GO:0016188 | synaptic vesicle maturation | Steps required to form an initiated synaptic vesicle into a fully formed and transmissible synaptic vesicle. | 16 |
| GO:0051963 | regulation of synapse assembly | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. | 14 |
| GO:0051835 | positive regulation of synapse structural plasticity | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic structural plasticity. | 14 |
| GO:0014047 | glutamate secretion | The controlled release of glutamate by a cell. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system. | 14 |
| GO:0030073 | insulin secretion | The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin. | 13 |
| GO:0060684 | epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling | Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell where it is interpreted. | 13 |
| GO:0042133 | neurotransmitter metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving neurotransmitters, any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. | 13 |
| GO:0007271 | synaptic transmission, cholinergic | The process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. | 11 |
| GO:0060078 | regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential | Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the postsynaptic membrane potential, which is generated by changes in the membrane potential of the post synaptic neuron that receives information at a synapse. The presynaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft which bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. After being bound by the neurotransmitters, these receptors can open or close an ion channel, allowing ions to enter or leave the cell and therefore altering the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron. | 10 |
| GO:0042135 | neurotransmitter catabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. | 10 |
| GO:0035249 | synaptic transmission, glutamatergic | The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. | 9 |
| GO:0007270 | neuron-neuron synaptic transmission | The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse. | 9 |
| GO:0051935 | L-glutamate uptake involved in synaptic transmission | The uptake of L-glutamate by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. | 8 |
| GO:0048490 | anterograde synaptic vesicle transport | The directed movement of substances in synaptic membrane-bounded vesicles within the neuron, along the cytoskeleton, away from the neuronal cell body. | 8 |
| GO:0048629 | trichome patterning | The regionalization process of establishing the non-random spatial arrangement of trichomes on the surface and margin of a leaf. Process involves signaling between adjacent epidermal cells that results in differentiation of some epidermal cells into trichomes. | 8 |
| GO:0001505 | regulation of neurotransmitter levels | Any process that modulates levels of neurotransmitter. | 8 |
| GO:0001963 | synaptic transmission, dopaminergic | The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine. | 8 |
| GO:0060079 | regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential | Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. | 8 |
| GO:0015842 | synaptic vesicle amine transport | The directed movement of amines into, out of or within synaptic vesicles. | 7 |
| GO:0051458 | corticotropin secretion | The regulated release of corticotropin by a cell. Corticotropin hormone is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted from corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus. | 5 |
| GO:0090129 | positive regulation of synapse maturation | Any process that increases the extent of synapse maturation, the process that organizes a synapse so that it attains its fully functional state. | 5 |
| GO:0051965 | positive regulation of synapse assembly | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. | 5 |
| GO:0060025 | regulation of synaptic activity | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic activity, the controlled release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft and their subsequent detection by a postsynaptic cell. | 3 |
| GO:0003131 | mesodermal-endodermal cell signaling | Any process that mediates the transfer of information from mesodermal cells to endodermal cells. | 2 |
| GO:0031129 | inductive cell-cell signaling | Signaling at short range between cells of different ancestry and developmental potential that results in one cell or group of cells effecting a developmental change in the other. This is often done by secretion of proteins by one cell which affects the neighboring cells and causes them to adopt a certain fate. | 2 |
| GO:0016081 | synaptic vesicle docking involved in exocytosis | The initial attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the synaptic vesicle and the target membrane. | 1 |
| GO:0023061 | signal release | The process in which a signal is secreted or discharged into the extracellular medium from a cellular source. | 1 |
| GO:0045168 | cell-cell signaling involved in cell fate commitment | Signaling at long or short range between cells that results in the commitment of a cell to a certain fate. | 1 |
| GO:2000331 | regulation of terminal button organization | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of terminal button organization. | 1 |