| GOID Link to GO |
Functional Category | Description | Protein Count link to protein list |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006915 | apoptotic process | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase, and an execution phase, which is triggered by the former. | 975 |
| GO:0009626 | plant-type hypersensitive response | The rapid, localized death of plant cells in response to invasion by a pathogen. | 167 |
| GO:0043154 | negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process. | 166 |
| GO:0006919 | activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process. | 121 |
| GO:0012501 | programmed cell death | A process which begins when a cell receives an internal or external signal and activates a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway). The process ends with the death of the cell. | 82 |
| GO:0035071 | salivary gland cell autophagic cell death | The stage-specific programmed cell death of salivary gland cells during salivary gland histolysis. | 58 |
| GO:0010421 | hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death | Programmed cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes. | 48 |
| GO:0006309 | apoptotic DNA fragmentation | The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments. | 47 |
| GO:0008637 | apoptotic mitochondrial changes | The morphological and physiological alterations undergone by mitochondria during apoptosis. | 34 |
| GO:0070265 | necrotic cell death | A cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. | 32 |
| GO:0001836 | release of cytochrome c from mitochondria | The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation. | 32 |
| GO:0008630 | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the detection of DNA damage, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. | 29 |
| GO:0051402 | neuron apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. | 29 |
| GO:0097193 | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP). | 29 |
| GO:0010623 | developmental programmed cell death | The activation of endogenous cellular processes that result in the death of a cell as part of its development. | 29 |
| GO:0048102 | autophagic cell death | A form of programmed cell death that is accompanied by macroautophagy, which is characterized by the sequestration of cytoplasmic material within autophagosomes for bulk degradation by lysosomes. Autophagic cell death is characterized by lack of chromatin condensation, massive vacuolization of the cytoplasm, and accumulation of (double-membraned) autophagic vacuoles, with little or no uptake by phagocytic cells. | 24 |
| GO:0070059 | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. | 23 |
| GO:0043280 | positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. | 22 |
| GO:0072332 | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. | 21 |
| GO:0042771 | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. | 19 |
| GO:0010343 | singlet oxygen-mediated programmed cell death | Programmed cell death induced by singlet oxygen. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes. | 16 |
| GO:0006927 | transformed cell apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a transformed cell, a cell that has undergone changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm. | 15 |
| GO:0034050 | host programmed cell death induced by symbiont | Cell death in a host resulting from activation of host endogenous cellular processes after direct or indirect interaction with a symbiont (defined as the smaller of two, or more, organisms engaged in symbiosis, a close interaction encompassing mutualism through parasitism). An example of direct interaction is contact with penetrating hyphae of a fungus; an example of indirect interaction is encountering symbiont-secreted molecules. | 11 |
| GO:0010659 | cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process | A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. | 9 |
| GO:0043653 | mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process | The change in the morphology of the mitochondria in an apoptotic cell from a highly branched network to a fragmented vesicular form. | 9 |
| GO:0006921 | cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis | The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis. | 5 |
| GO:0008625 | extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors | A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with a ligand binding to a death domain receptor on the cell surface, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. | 5 |
| GO:0006924 | activation-induced cell death of T cells | A T cell apoptotic process that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors. | 5 |
| GO:0070997 | neuron death | The process of cell death in a neuron. | 4 |
| GO:0008631 | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. | 4 |
| GO:0097285 | cell-type specific apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a specific cell type. | 4 |
| GO:0008635 | activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process and is mediated by cytochrome c. | 3 |
| GO:0019835 | cytolysis | The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. | 3 |
| GO:0034349 | glial cell apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a glial cell, a non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. | 3 |
| GO:0097190 | apoptotic signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. | 2 |
| GO:0030262 | apoptotic nuclear changes | Alterations undergone by nuclei at the molecular and morphological level and that contribute to the execution phase of apoptosis. | 2 |
| GO:0045476 | nurse cell apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a nurse cell. During late oogenesis, following the transfer of substances from the nurse cells to the oocyte, nurse cell remnants are cleared from the egg chamber by apoptotic process. | 1 |
| GO:0046667 | compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death | Programmed cell death that occurs in the retina to remove excess cells between ommatidia, thus resulting in a hexagonal lattice, precise with respect to cell number and position surrounding each ommatidium. | 1 |
| GO:0010657 | muscle cell apoptotic process | A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. | 1 |
| GO:0035096 | larval midgut cell programmed cell death | The stage-specific programmed cell death of cells of the larval midgut, during histolysis of the larval organ. | 1 |
| GO:0010198 | synergid death | Synergid cells undergo degeneration and death in response to penetration by the pollen tube. It is an active process that involves a dramatic decrease in cell volume, collapse of the vacuoles, and complete disintegration of the plasma membrane and most organelles. | 1 |
| GO:0030264 | nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change | The breakdown of the nucleus into small membrane-bounded compartments, or blebs, each of which contain compacted DNA. | 1 |