| GOID Link to GO |
Functional Category | Description | Protein Count link to protein list |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0009507 | chloroplast | A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. | 5541 |
| GO:0009941 | chloroplast envelope | The double lipid bilayer enclosing the chloroplast and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. | 2603 |
| GO:0009570 | chloroplast stroma | The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chloroplast but excluding the thylakoid space. It contains DNA, ribosomes and some temporary products of photosynthesis. | 2435 |
| GO:0009535 | chloroplast thylakoid membrane | The pigmented membrane of a chloroplast thylakoid. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. | 1082 |
| GO:0009534 | chloroplast thylakoid | Sac-like membranous structures (cisternae) in a chloroplast combined into stacks (grana) and present singly in the stroma (stroma thylakoids or frets) as interconnections between grana. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. | 400 |
| GO:0010319 | stromule | Thin filamentous structure extending from the surface of all plastid types examined so far, including chloroplast, proplastid, etioplast, leucoplast, amyloplast, and chromoplast. In general, stromules are more abundant in tissues containing non-green plastids, and in cells containing smaller plastids. The primary function of stromules is still unresolved, although the presence of stromules markedly increases the plastid surface area, potentially increasing transport to and from the cytosol. Other functions of stromules, such as transfer of macromolecules between plastids and starch granule formation in cereal endosperm, may be restricted to particular tissues and cell types. | 326 |
| GO:0010287 | plastoglobule | A lipoprotein particle present in chloroplasts. They are rich in non-polar lipids (triglycerides, esters) as well as in prenylquinones, plastoquinone and tocopherols. Plastoglobules are often associated with thylakoid membranes, suggesting an exchange of lipids with thylakoids. | 264 |
| GO:0009706 | chloroplast inner membrane | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the chloroplast envelope; also faces the chloroplast stroma. | 173 |
| GO:0009543 | chloroplast thylakoid lumen | The cavity enclosed within the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. | 155 |
| GO:0009707 | chloroplast outer membrane | The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the chloroplast envelope. | 99 |
| GO:0009533 | chloroplast stromal thylakoid | Unstacked thylakoids that connect the grana stacks through the stroma. | 82 |
| GO:0020011 | apicoplast | The plastid organelle found in apicomplexans. | 78 |
| GO:0009516 | leucoplast | A colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes. | 51 |
| GO:0031969 | chloroplast membrane | Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a chloroplast and form the chloroplast envelope. | 44 |
| GO:0009517 | PSII associated light-harvesting complex II | Protein-pigment complex associated with photosystem II. | 37 |
| GO:0009508 | plastid chromosome | A circular DNA molecule containing plastid encoded genes. | 36 |
| GO:0044434 | chloroplast part | Any constituent part of a chloroplast, a chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. | 32 |
| GO:0009840 | chloroplastic endopeptidase Clp complex | A Clp endopeptidase complex located in the chloroplast. | 28 |
| GO:0042644 | chloroplast nucleoid | The region of a chloroplast to which the DNA is confined. | 24 |
| GO:0009526 | plastid envelope | The double lipid bilayer enclosing a plastid and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. | 22 |
| GO:0031359 | integral to chloroplast outer membrane | Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the chloroplast outer membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. | 20 |
| GO:0030095 | chloroplast photosystem II | An integral chloroplast membrane complex containing the P680 reaction center. In the light, PSII functions as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from water to plastoquinone. | 18 |
| GO:0009501 | amyloplast | A plastid whose main function is to synthesize and store starch. | 16 |
| GO:0009528 | plastid inner membrane | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the plastid envelope; also faces the plastid stroma. | 16 |
| GO:0042170 | plastid membrane | Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a plastid and form the plastid envelope. | 13 |
| GO:0031897 | Tic complex | The translocon of the inner envelope of chloroplasts, which facilitates the import of proteins across the chloroplast inner membrane. | 12 |
| GO:0009527 | plastid outer membrane | The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the plastid envelope. | 10 |
| GO:0009513 | etioplast | A plastid arrested in the development of chloroplasts from proplastids due to absence of light or low light conditions. | 9 |
| GO:0000311 | plastid large ribosomal subunit | The larger of the two subunits of a plastid ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | 9 |
| GO:0010240 | plastid pyruvate dehydrogenase complex | Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). This complex is found in plant plastids and is distinct from the one found in mitochondria. | 9 |
| GO:0031357 | integral to chloroplast inner membrane | Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the chloroplast inner membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. | 8 |
| GO:0010007 | magnesium chelatase complex | A heterotrimeric enzyme complex composed of three subunits, all of which are required for enzyme activity, which catalyzes the chelation of Mg by proto IX in an ATP-dependent manner. | 8 |
| GO:0031351 | integral to plastid membrane | Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a plastid membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. | 7 |
| GO:0042646 | plastid nucleoid | The region of a plastid to which the DNA is confined. | 6 |
| GO:0009569 | chloroplast starch grain | Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter, and located in chloroplasts. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped. | 6 |
| GO:0030093 | chloroplast photosystem I | Photosystem located in the chloroplast that functions as a light-dependent plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. | 6 |
| GO:0034426 | etioplast membrane | Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a etioplast and form the etioplast envelope. | 5 |
| GO:0044435 | plastid part | Any constituent part of a plastid, a member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. Plant plastids develop from a common type, the proplastid. | 5 |
| GO:0010368 | chloroplast isoamylase complex | A protein complex whose composition varies amongst species; in rice it probably exists in a homo-tetramer to homo-hexamer form and in Gram negative bacteria as a dimer. Functions in the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages. Isoamylases in plants are intracellular and probably chloroplast localized. | 4 |
| GO:0009544 | chloroplast ATP synthase complex | The protein complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP in chloroplasts. | 3 |
| GO:0009573 | chloroplast ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex | A complex, located in the chloroplast, containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits which carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. | 3 |
| GO:0009532 | plastid stroma | The proteinaceous ground substance of plastids. | 3 |
| GO:0043036 | starch grain | Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped. | 2 |
| GO:0009571 | proplastid stroma | The space enclosed by the double membrane of a proplastid. | 2 |
| GO:0009537 | proplastid | The precursor of other plastids. | 1 |
| GO:0010006 | Toc complex | Protein translocon complex at the chloroplast outer membrane. | 1 |
| GO:0000312 | plastid small ribosomal subunit | The smaller of the two subunits of a plastid ribosome. | 1 |
| GO:0009509 | chromoplast | A plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments. | 1 |