Go terms map to parent GO term: GO:0016043   cellular component organization
GOID
Link to GO
 Functional Category Description Protein Count
link to
protein list
GO:0007030 Golgi organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the Golgi apparatus. 803
GO:0009860 pollen tube growth Growth of pollen via tip extension of the intine wall. 586
GO:0006944 cellular membrane fusion The cellular process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane. 571
GO:0080129 proteasome core complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a mature, active 20S proteasome core particle complex that does not contain any regulatory particles. 385
GO:0009827 plant-type cell wall modification The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 362
GO:0009826 unidimensional cell growth The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one [spatial] dimension or along one axis, resulting in the morphogenesis of the cell. 358
GO:0010027 thylakoid membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the thylakoid membrane. 354
GO:0007067 mitosis A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell. 339
GO:0006415 translational termination The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code). 307
GO:0051289 protein homotetramerization The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits. 280
GO:0009932 cell tip growth Growth that occurs specifically at the tip of a cell. 279
GO:0071555 cell wall organization A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis. 276
GO:0007052 mitotic spindle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a mitotic cell cycle. 269
GO:0010207 photosystem II assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a photosystem II complex on the thylakoid membrane. The photosystem II complex consists of at least 20 polypeptides and around 80 cofactors in most organisms. 261
GO:0009658 chloroplast organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chloroplast. 260
GO:0007411 axon guidance The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. 257
GO:0010090 trichome morphogenesis The process in which the structures of a hair cell (trichome) cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized epidermal cell is acquiring the specialized features of a hair cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 255
GO:0009664 plant-type cell wall organization A process that results in the assembly and arrangement of constituent parts of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall, or in the disassembly of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. This process is carried out at the cellular level. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 253
GO:0000022 mitotic spindle elongation Lengthening of the distance between poles of the mitotic spindle. 248
GO:0051298 centrosome duplication The replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized. 245
GO:0006911 phagocytosis, engulfment The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis. 244
GO:0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. 242
GO:0051567 histone H3-K9 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 9 of the histone. 241
GO:0007010 cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. 234
GO:0051260 protein homooligomerization The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. 233
GO:0007062 sister chromatid cohesion The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are associated with each other. 228
GO:0006626 protein targeting to mitochondrion The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein. 221
GO:0016558 protein import into peroxisome matrix The import of proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. A peroxisome targeting signal (PTS) binds to a soluble receptor protein in the cytosol, and the resulting complex then binds to a receptor protein in the peroxisome membrane and is imported. The cargo protein is then released into the peroxisome matrix. 214
GO:0009902 chloroplast relocation The process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells migrate toward illuminated sites to optimize photosynthesis and move away from excessively illuminated areas to protect the photosynthetic machinery. 212
GO:0016226 iron-sulfur cluster assembly The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster. 198
GO:0007033 vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. 194
GO:0052544 defense response by callose deposition in cell wall Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, the cell wall during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls. 194
GO:0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. 188
GO:0006461 protein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex. 187
GO:0000902 cell morphogenesis The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized. 177
GO:0007020 microtubule nucleation The 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell. 173
GO:0045010 actin nucleation The initial step in the formation of an actin filament, in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament. Nucleation is slow relative to the subsequent addition of more monomers to extend the filament. 171
GO:0008361 regulation of cell size Any process that modulates the size of a cell. 171
GO:0051225 spindle assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle, the array of microtubules and associated molecules that serves to move duplicated chromosomes apart. 169
GO:0043652 engulfment of apoptotic cell The removal of the apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte. 164
GO:0007015 actin filament organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. 156
GO:0042545 cell wall modification The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly. 153
GO:0071688 striated muscle myosin thick filament assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in striated muscle. 150
GO:0016572 histone phosphorylation The modification of histones by addition of phosphate groups. 147
GO:0031505 fungal-type cell wall organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fungal-type cell wall. 140
GO:0030866 cortical actin cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane. 138
GO:0006338 chromatin remodeling Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation. 137
GO:0006346 methylation-dependent chromatin silencing Repression of transcription by methylation of DNA, leading to the formation of heterochromatin. 133
GO:0042793 transcription from plastid promoter The synthesis of RNA from a plastid DNA template, usually by a specific plastid RNA polymerase. 131
GO:0043622 cortical microtubule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane of a cell. 121
GO:0010584 pollen exine formation The formation of the pollen exine. The reticulate pollen wall pattern consists of two layers, exine and intine. 110
GO:0008103 oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization Establishment and maintenance of a specific axis of polarity of the oocyte microtubule network. The axis is set so that the minus and plus ends of the microtubules of the mid stage oocyte are positioned along the anterior cortex and at the posterior pole, respectively. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 109
GO:0000132 establishment of mitotic spindle orientation A cell cycle process that sets the alignment of mitotic spindle relative to other cellular structures. 105
GO:0042384 cilium assembly The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole. 105
GO:0000070 mitotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets. 104
GO:0042052 rhabdomere development The assembly and arrangement of a rhabdomere within a cell. The rhabdomere is the organelle on the apical surface of a photoreceptor cell that contains the visual pigments. 103
GO:0030036 actin cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. 102
GO:0007409 axonogenesis Generation of a long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. 102
GO:0010208 pollen wall assembly The formation of reticulate pollen wall pattern consisting of two layers, exine and intine. 101
GO:0052546 cell wall pectin metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall. 100
GO:0007129 synapsis The cell cycle process in which the side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of homologous chromosomes is created at the metaphase plate. 95
GO:0048813 dendrite morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendrite are generated and organized. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell. 94
GO:0051017 actin filament bundle assembly The assembly of actin filament bundles; actin filaments are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. 92
GO:0034968 histone lysine methylation The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to a lysine residue. 92
GO:0006333 chromatin assembly or disassembly The formation or destruction of chromatin structures. 91
GO:0030261 chromosome condensation The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells. 88
GO:0010994 free ubiquitin chain polymerization The process of creating free ubiquitin chains, compounds composed of a large number of ubiquitin monomers. These chains are not conjugated to a protein. 88
GO:0033523 histone H2B ubiquitination The modification of histone H2B by addition of ubiquitin groups. 87
GO:0010091 trichome branching Any process involved in the formation of branches in plant hair cells. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 85
GO:0043248 proteasome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a mature, active proteasome complex. 85
GO:0007172 signal complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a complex capable of relaying a signal within a cell. 85
GO:0052541 plant-type cell wall cellulose metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall. 84
GO:0051299 centrosome separation The process in which duplicated centrosome components move away from each other. The centriole pair within each centrosome becomes part of a separate microtubule organizing center that nucleates a radial array of microtubules called an aster. The two asters move to opposite sides of the nucleus to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle. 83
GO:0010390 histone monoubiquitination The modification of histones by addition of a single ubiquitin group. 83
GO:0033522 histone H2A ubiquitination The modification of histone H2A by addition of one or more ubiquitin groups. 82
GO:0010197 polar nucleus fusion The merging of the polar nuclei, the two nuclei contained within the same cell that are created from the mitotic division of the megaspore during angiosperm reproduction. Polar nuclear fusion takes place in the ovule, forming in the fusion nucleus and giving rise to the endosperm when fertilized. 80
GO:0051258 protein polymerization The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. 80
GO:0007005 mitochondrion organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. 79
GO:0022607 cellular component assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cellular component. 79
GO:0042144 vacuole fusion, non-autophagic The fusion of two vacuole membranes to form a single vacuole. 77
GO:0016573 histone acetylation The modification of a histone by the addition of an acetyl group. 77
GO:0031034 myosin filament assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a filament composed of myosin molecules. 76
GO:0072659 protein localization to plasma membrane A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the plasma membrane. 75
GO:0009657 plastid organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plastid. 75
GO:0016575 histone deacetylation The modification of histones by removal of acetyl groups. 74
GO:0051291 protein heterooligomerization The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. 73
GO:0031122 cytoplasmic microtubule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell. 72
GO:0051259 protein oligomerization The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers; protein oligomers may be composed of different or identical monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. 72
GO:0051297 centrosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized. 70
GO:0034334 adherens junction maintenance The maintenance of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. 70
GO:0051131 chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex, mediated by chaperone molecules that do not form part of the finished complex. 69
GO:0071786 endoplasmic reticulum tubular network organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network. The ER tubular network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with high curvature in cross-section. 68
GO:0048210 Golgi vesicle fusion to target membrane The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a Golgi transport vesicle to the target lipid bilayer membrane. 68
GO:0000028 ribosomal small subunit assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the small ribosomal subunit. 66
GO:0016571 histone methylation The modification of histones by addition of methyl groups. 65
GO:0045046 protein import into peroxisome membrane The targeting of proteins into the peroxisomal membrane. The process is not well understood, but both signals and mechanism differ from those involved in peroxisomal matrix protein import. 65
GO:0007031 peroxisome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules. 65
GO:0000723 telomere maintenance Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA. These processes includes those that shorten and lengthen the telomeric DNA sequences. 65
GO:0000236 mitotic prometaphase A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through prometaphase, the stage following prophase in mitosis (in higher eukaryotes) during which the nuclear envelope is disrupted and breaks into membrane vesicles, and the spindle microtubules enter the nuclear region. Kinetochores mature on each centromere and attach to some of the spindle microtubules. Kinetochore microtubules begin the process of aligning chromosomes in one plane halfway between the poles. 63
GO:0016044 cellular membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. 63
GO:0045451 pole plasm oskar mRNA localization Any process in which oskar mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. 61
GO:0048768 root hair cell tip growth Localized growth of a plant root hair tip by extension of the cell wall. 60
GO:0071822 protein complex subunit organization Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein complex. 60
GO:0007301 female germline ring canal formation Assembly of the intercellular bridges that connect the germ-line cells of a female cyst. 60
GO:0009828 plant-type cell wall loosening The series of events causing chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that results in greater extensibility of the wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 59
GO:0048812 neuron projection morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites. 59
GO:0007394 dorsal closure, elongation of leading edge cells The change in shape of cells at the dorsal-most (leading) edge of the epidermis from being polygonal to being elongated in the dorsal/ventral axis. 59
GO:0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells in a different central nervous system region. 59
GO:0030041 actin filament polymerization Assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament. 58
GO:0007032 endosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of endosomes. 57
GO:0048194 Golgi vesicle budding The evagination of the Golgi membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. 57
GO:0048205 COPI coating of Golgi vesicle The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat. 56
GO:0000741 karyogamy The creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. 56
GO:0030042 actin filament depolymerization Disassembly of actin filaments by the removal of actin monomers from a filament. 55
GO:0009903 chloroplast avoidance movement The relocation process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells avoid strong light and move away from it in order to preserve the photosynthetic machinery. 54
GO:0006344 maintenance of chromatin silencing The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin. 54
GO:0035494 SNARE complex disassembly The disaggregation of the SNARE protein complex into its constituent components. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. 53
GO:0031532 actin cytoskeleton reorganization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in dynamic structural changes to the arrangement of constituent parts of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. 53
GO:0034332 adherens junction organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. 53
GO:0009920 cell plate formation involved in plant-type cell wall biogenesis The cell cycle process in which the cell plate is formed at the equator of the spindle in the dividing cells during early telophase. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 52
GO:0051026 chiasma assembly The cell cycle process in which a connection between chromatids assembles, indicating where an exchange of homologous segments has taken place by the crossing-over of non-sister chromatids. 52
GO:0043966 histone H3 acetylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group. 51
GO:0000915 cytokinesis, actomyosin contractile ring assembly The process of assembly of a ring composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins that will function in cytokinesis. 51
GO:0097051 establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum membrane The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. 50
GO:0090382 phagosome maturation A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the arrangement of constituent parts of a phagosome within a cell. Phagosome maturation begins with endocytosis and formation of the early phagosome and ends with the formation of the hybrid organelle, the phagolysosome. 50
GO:0090114 COPII-coated vesicle budding The evagination of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane, resulting in formation of a COPII-coated vesicle. 49
GO:0043247 telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage Any process that occur in response to the presence of critically short telomeres. 48
GO:0007021 tubulin complex assembly The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer. 47
GO:0006309 apoptotic DNA fragmentation The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments. 47
GO:0034214 protein hexamerization The formation of a protein hexamer, a macromolecular structure consisting of six noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits. 47
GO:0006336 DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly The formation of nucleosomes outside the context of DNA replication. 46
GO:0000245 spliceosomal complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a spliceosomal complex, a ribonucleoprotein apparatus that catalyzes nuclear mRNA splicing via transesterification reactions. 45
GO:0070208 protein heterotrimerization The formation of a protein heterotrimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated subunits, of which not all are identical. 45
GO:0010020 chloroplast fission The division of a chloroplast within a cell to form two or more separate chloroplast compartments. This division occurs independently of mitosis. 45
GO:0034389 lipid particle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lipid particle. 45
GO:0007413 axonal fasciculation The collection of axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle. 44
GO:0033298 contractile vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a contractile vacuole. A specialized vacuole that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. 44
GO:0006325 chromatin organization Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin. 44
GO:0031321 ascospore-type prospore assembly During ascospore formation, the process in which each haploid nucleus becomes encapsulated by a double membrane. 43
GO:0000045 autophagic vacuole assembly The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm. 42
GO:0009830 cell wall modification involved in abscission A cellular process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall that contributes to the process of abscission. 42
GO:0046785 microtubule polymerization The addition of tubulin heterodimers to one or both ends of a microtubule. 42
GO:0018985 pronuclear envelope synthesis Synthesis and ordering of the envelope of pronuclei. 42
GO:0030723 ovarian fusome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fusome of ovarian cells, an organelle derived from the spectrosome. It anchors the mitotic spindle pole to provide orientation during cystoblast cell divisions. 42
GO:0051229 meiotic spindle disassembly The controlled breakdown of the spindle during a meiotic cell cycle. 42
GO:0007084 mitotic nuclear envelope reassembly The cell cycle process that results in reformation of the nuclear envelope during mitotic cell division. 41
GO:0070193 synaptonemal complex organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synaptonemal complex. A synaptonemal complex is a proteinaceous scaffold formed between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. 40
GO:0070076 histone lysine demethylation The modification of a histone by the removal of a methyl group from a lysine residue. 40
GO:0045793 positive regulation of cell size Any process that increases cell size. 40
GO:0030865 cortical cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane. 40
GO:0007019 microtubule depolymerization The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of a microtubule. 40
GO:0090307 spindle assembly involved in mitosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle that contributes to the process of mitosis. 40
GO:0000027 ribosomal large subunit assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the large ribosomal subunit. 40
GO:0007288 sperm axoneme assembly The assembly and organization of the sperm flagellar axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of the eukaryotic sperm flagellum, and is responsible for movement. 40
GO:0051568 histone H3-K4 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 4 of the histone. 39
GO:0006906 vesicle fusion Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with its target membrane. 39
GO:0008594 photoreceptor cell morphogenesis The process in which the structures of a photoreceptor cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 38
GO:0030950 establishment or maintenance of actin cytoskeleton polarity Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized actin-based cytoskeletal structures. 38
GO:0007412 axon target recognition The process in which an axon recognizes and binds to a set of cells with which it may form stable connections. 38
GO:0016584 nucleosome positioning Ordering of successions of nucleosomes into regular arrays so that nucleosomes are positioned at defined distances from one another. 37
GO:0000002 mitochondrial genome maintenance The maintenance of the structure and integrity of the mitochondrial genome; includes replication and segregation of the mitochondrial chromosome. 37
GO:0006334 nucleosome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA. 37
GO:0046902 regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the mitochondrial membrane. 37
GO:0052386 cell wall thickening A type of cell wall modification in which the cell wall is reinforced and made thicker. 37
GO:0001837 epithelial to mesenchymal transition A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. 37
GO:0032989 cellular component morphogenesis The process in which cellular structures, including whole cells or cell parts, are generated and organized. 37
GO:0031175 neuron projection development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). 37
GO:0001845 phagolysosome assembly The process that results in the fusion of a phagosome, a vesicle formed by phagocytosis, with a lysosome. 36
GO:0030240 skeletal muscle thin filament assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the actin-based thin filaments of myofibrils in skeletal muscle. 36
GO:0007080 mitotic metaphase plate congression The cell cycle process in which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the mitotic spindle, during mitosis. 36
GO:0031529 ruffle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell. 36
GO:0033962 cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body. 35
GO:0010458 exit from mitosis The cell cycle process where a cell leaves M phase. M phase is the part of the mitotic cell cycle during which mitosis and cytokinesis take place. 35
GO:0090143 nucleoid organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleoid. The nucleoid is the region of a bacterial cell, virion, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the DNA is confined. 35
GO:0045229 external encapsulating structure organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of external structures that lie outside the plasma membrane and surround the entire cell. 35
GO:0000011 vacuole inheritance The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton. 35
GO:0051124 synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction The growth of a synapse at a neuromuscular junction, the site of apposition of a motor end plate and the subneural cleft of the skeletal muscle fiber that it innervates. 35
GO:0008637 apoptotic mitochondrial changes The morphological and physiological alterations undergone by mitochondria during apoptosis. 34
GO:0051262 protein tetramerization The formation of a protein tetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits. 34
GO:0045773 positive regulation of axon extension Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension. 34
GO:0042073 intraflagellar transport The bidirectional movement of large protein complexes along microtubules within a cilium, mediated by motor proteins. 34
GO:0001737 establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation Orientation of hairs in the imaginal disc-derived wing along a proximal-distal axis, such that each cell of the wing produces one wing hair which points in a distal direction. 33
GO:0034333 adherens junction assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. 33
GO:0070830 tight junction assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tight junction, an occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet. 33
GO:0030838 positive regulation of actin filament polymerization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization. 33
GO:0009831 plant-type cell wall modification involved in multidimensional cell growth The series of events that occur during cell growth that result in chemical or structural changes to existing cell walls of the type composed chiefly of cellulose and pectin. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 33
GO:0051276 chromosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information. 33
GO:0080110 sporopollenin biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sporopollenin, a primary constituent of the pollen exine layer. 32
GO:0001836 release of cytochrome c from mitochondria The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation. 32
GO:0034727 piecemeal microautophagy of nucleus Degradation of a cell nucleus by microautophagy. 32
GO:0043967 histone H4 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group. 32
GO:0034080 CENP-A containing nucleosome assembly at centromere The formation of nucleosomes containing the histone H3 variant CenH3 (also called CENP-A) to form centromeric chromatin; occurs outside the context of DNA replication. 32
GO:0072661 protein targeting to plasma membrane The process of directing proteins towards the plasma membrane; usually uses signals contained within the protein. 32
GO:0000001 mitochondrion inheritance The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton. 32
GO:0031134 sister chromatid biorientation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids establish stable attachments to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles. 32
GO:0000395 mRNA 5'-splice site recognition Recognition of the intron 5'-splice site by components of the assembling spliceosome. 31
GO:0051228 mitotic spindle disassembly The controlled breakdown of the spindle during a mitotic cell cycle. 31
GO:0010289 homogalacturonan biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pectidic homogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of (1->4)-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3. 31
GO:0007416 synapse assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. 31
GO:0051455 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in homologous chromosome segregation The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during meiosis I. During meiosis I sister kinetochores are lying next to each other facing the same spindle pole and monopolar attachment of the chromatid to the spindle occurs. 31
GO:0000212 meiotic spindle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a meiotic cell cycle. 31
GO:0030198 extracellular matrix organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix. 31
GO:0030150 protein import into mitochondrial matrix The import of proteins across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes into the matrix. Unfolded proteins enter the mitochondrial matrix with a chaperone protein; the information required to target the precursor protein from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix is contained within its N-terminal matrix-targeting sequence. Translocation of precursors to the matrix occurs at the rare sites where the outer and inner membranes are close together. 31
GO:0006267 nuclear pre-replicative complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the nuclear pre-replicative complex, a protein-DNA complex that forms at eukaryotic DNA replication origins during late M phase; its presence is required for replication initiation. 30
GO:0048280 vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi. 30
GO:0032544 plastid translation The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a plastid. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the plastid has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code. 30
GO:0042547 cell wall modification involved in multidimensional cell growth The series of events resulting in chemical or structural changes to existing cell walls and contribute to multidimensional cell growth. 30
GO:0001578 microtubule bundle formation A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules. 30
GO:0035080 heat shock-mediated polytene chromosome puffing The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of heat shock genes on polytene chromosomes in response to a heat shock stimulus. 30
GO:0051315 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in mitotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during mitosis. During mitosis, the kinetochores of sister chromosomes are situated facing opposite spindle poles and bipolar attachment of the sister chromosomes to the spindle occurs. 30
GO:0046843 dorsal appendage formation Establishment of the dorsal filaments, elaborate specializations of the chorion that protrude from the anterior end of the egg and facilitate embryonic respiration. 29
GO:0000059 protein import into nucleus, docking A protein complex assembly process that contributes to protein import into the nucleus, and that results in the association of a cargo protein, a carrier protein such as an importin alpha/beta heterodimer, and a nucleoporin located at the periphery of the nuclear pore complex. 29
GO:0000722 telomere maintenance via recombination Any recombinational process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length. 29
GO:0000963 mitochondrial RNA processing The conversion of a primary RNA molecule transcribed from a mitochondrial genome into one or more mature RNA molecules; occurs in the mitochondrion. 29
GO:0043044 ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin that require energy from the hydrolysis of ATP, ranging from local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation, mediated by ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling factors. 29
GO:0007307 eggshell chorion gene amplification Amplification by up to 60-fold of the loci containing the chorion gene clusters. Amplification is necessary for the rapid synthesis of chorion proteins by the follicle cells, and occurs by repeated firing of one or more origins located within each gene cluster. 28
GO:0006997 nucleus organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleus. 28
GO:0016183 synaptic vesicle coating A protein coat is added to the synaptic vesicle to form the proper shape of the vesicle and to target the vesicle for transport to its destination. 28
GO:0043486 histone exchange The replacement, within chromatin, of resident histones or histone subunits with alternative, sometimes variant, histones or subunits. 28
GO:0016358 dendrite development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell. 28
GO:0007099 centriole replication The cell cycle process in which a daughter centriole is formed perpendicular to an existing centriole. An immature centriole contains a ninefold radially symmetric array of single microtubules; mature centrioles consist of a radial array of nine microtubule triplets, doublets, or singlets depending upon the species and cell type. 28
GO:0000280 nuclear division The division of a cell nucleus into two nuclei, with DNA and other nuclear contents distributed between the daughter nuclei. 27
GO:0034314 Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins. 27
GO:0090158 endoplasmic reticulum membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane. 27
GO:0032201 telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication The process in which telomeric DNA is synthesized semi-conservatively by the conventional replication machinery and telomeric accessory factors. 27
GO:0016570 histone modification The covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a histone protein. 27
GO:0030037 actin filament reorganization involved in cell cycle The cell cycle process in which rearrangement of the spatial distribution of actin filaments and associated proteins occurs. 27
GO:0045214 sarcomere organization The myofibril assembly process that results in the organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. 27
GO:0030952 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures. 26
GO:0051290 protein heterotetramerization The formation of a protein heterotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated subunits, of which not all are identical. 26
GO:0016568 chromatin modification The alteration of DNA, protein, or sometimes RNA, in chromatin, which may result in changing the chromatin structure. 26
GO:0033169 histone H3-K9 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 9 of the histone. 26
GO:0000387 spliceosomal snRNP assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of one or more snRNA and multiple protein components to form a ribonucleoprotein complex that is involved in formation of the spliceosome. 26
GO:0031268 pseudopodium organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a pseudopodium, a temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with cellular movement. 26
GO:0008045 motor neuron axon guidance The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a motor neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. 26
GO:0016559 peroxisome fission The division of a mature peroxisome within a cell to form two or more separate peroxisome compartments. 25
GO:0030476 ascospore wall assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an ascospore wall. During sporulation in Ascomycota, each ascospore nucleus becomes surrounded by a specialized spore wall, formed by deposition of spore wall components in the lumenal space between the outer and inner leaflets of the prospore membrane. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 24
GO:0048268 clathrin coat assembly The process that results in the assembly of clathrin triskelia into the ordered structure known as a clathrin cage. 24
GO:0051382 kinetochore assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. 24
GO:0070842 aggresome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an aggresome; requires the microtubule cytoskeleton and dynein. 24
GO:0040001 establishment of mitotic spindle localization The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of the mitotic spindle to a specific location in the cell occurs. 24
GO:0010400 rhamnogalacturonan I side chain metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving the side chains of the pectin, rhamnogalacturonan I. 23
GO:0045041 protein import into mitochondrial intermembrane space The import of proteins into the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. 23
GO:0000266 mitochondrial fission The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. 23
GO:0045040 protein import into mitochondrial outer membrane The process comprising the insertion of proteins from outside the organelle into the mitochondrial outer membrane, mediated by large outer membrane translocase complexes. 22
GO:0010190 cytochrome b6f complex assembly Formation of cytochrome b6f complex, a complex that transfers electrons from reduced plastoquinone to oxidized plastocyanin and translocates protons from the stroma to the lumen, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents. 22
GO:0055003 cardiac myofibril assembly The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells. 22
GO:0010387 signalosome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a signalosome. 22
GO:0034728 nucleosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of one or more nucleosomes. 22
GO:0016576 histone dephosphorylation The modification of histones by removal of phosphate groups. 21
GO:0030031 cell projection assembly Formation of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. 21
GO:0032438 melanosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a melanosome. A melanosome is a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. 21
GO:0070932 histone H3 deacetylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of one or more acetyl groups. 21
GO:0048675 axon extension Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development. 21
GO:0030032 lamellipodium assembly Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell. 20
GO:0070682 proteasome regulatory particle assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a mature, active proteasome regulatory particle complex. 20
GO:0033363 secretory granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. 20
GO:0048790 maintenance of presynaptic active zone structure The process in which a neuronal cell maintains the organization and the arrangement of proteins at the active zone to ensure the fusion and dock of vesicles and the release of neurotransmitters. 20
GO:0052543 callose deposition in cell wall Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, the cell wall. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls. 20
GO:0042766 nucleosome mobilization The movement of nucleosomes along a DNA fragment. 20
GO:0043149 stress fiber assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a stress fiber. A stress fiber is a contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity. 20
GO:0022618 ribonucleoprotein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. 20
GO:0080119 ER body organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation of ER (endoplasmic reticulum) body. ER body is a compartment found in plant cells that is derived from the ER. The structures have a characteristic shape and size (10 mm long and 0.5 mm wide) and are surrounded with ribosomes. They have been found in Arabidopsis thaliana and related Brassicaceae species. 19
GO:0070933 histone H4 deacetylation The modification of histone H4 by the removal of one or more acetyl groups. 19
GO:0031507 heterochromatin assembly The assembly of chromatin into heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form that is often, but not always, transcriptionally silent. 19
GO:0030241 skeletal muscle myosin thick filament assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in skeletal muscle. 19
GO:0051383 kinetochore organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. 19
GO:0042814 monopolar cell growth Polarized growth from one end of a cell. 19
GO:0000281 mitotic cytokinesis A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells. 19
GO:0070194 synaptonemal complex disassembly The controlled breakdown of a synaptonemal complex. 19
GO:0070072 vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex, proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across the vacuolar membrane. 19
GO:0048208 COPII vesicle coating The addition of COPII proteins and adaptor proteins to ER membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat. 19
GO:0034329 cell junction assembly A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell junction. 19
GO:0000390 spliceosomal complex disassembly Disassembly of a spliceosomal complex with the ATP-dependent release of the product RNAs, one of which is composed of the joined exons. In cis splicing, the other product is the excised sequence, often a single intron, in a lariat structure. 18
GO:0010306 rhamnogalacturonan II biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan II, a low molecular mass (5 - 10KDa) pectic polysaccharide, conserved in the primary walls of dicotyledenous and monocotyledenous plants and gymnosperms. 18
GO:0032060 bleb assembly The assembly of a bleb, a cell extension characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusions. 18
GO:0010265 SCF complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the SKP1-Cullin/Cdc53-F-box protein ubiquitin ligase (SCF) complex. 18
GO:0043988 histone H3-S28 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a serine residue at position 28 of the histone. 18
GO:0072499 photoreceptor cell axon guidance The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of a photoreceptor cell axon growth cone to its target in the optic lobe in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. 18
GO:0070207 protein homotrimerization The formation of a protein homotrimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical subunits. 18
GO:0035317 imaginal disc-derived wing hair organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an imaginal disc-derived wing hair. A wing hair is an actin-rich, polarized, non-sensory apical projection that protrudes from each of the approximately 30,000 wing epithelial cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 18
GO:0048312 intracellular distribution of mitochondria Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria within the cell. 18
GO:0006999 nuclear pore organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear pore. 18
GO:0001766 membrane raft polarization The clustering and aggregation of membrane rafts at a single cellular pole during activation of particular cell types, such as lymphocytes. 18
GO:0060271 cilium morphogenesis A process that is carried out at the cellular level and in which the structure of a cilium is organized. 18
GO:0030834 regulation of actin filament depolymerization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the disassembly of actin filaments by the removal of actin monomers from a filament. 18
GO:0031322 ascospore-type prospore-specific spindle pole body remodeling A spindle pole body (SPB) organization process that takes place during the second meiotic division during ascospore formation and results in the structural reorganization of the SPB; includes the recruitment of sporulation-specific proteins to the outer plaque to form the meiotic outer plaque (MOP). 17
GO:0043982 histone H4-K8 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 8 of the histone. 17
GO:0043206 extracellular fibril organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of extracellular fibrils, extracellular matrix material consisting of polysaccharides and/or proteins. 17
GO:0007528 neuromuscular junction development A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuromuscular junction. 17
GO:0035044 sperm aster formation Formation and organization of an aster composed of microtubule arrays originating from the sperm basal body and extending virtually to the egg periphery. The sperm aster ensures the appropriate positioning of the male and female pronuclei. 17
GO:0034063 stress granule assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a stress granule. 17
GO:0043984 histone H4-K16 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 16 of the histone. 17
GO:0007000 nucleolus organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleolus. 17
GO:0010275 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex, which is involved in electron transport from an unidentified electron donor, possibly NAD(P)H or ferredoxin(Fd) to the plastoquinone pool. 17
GO:0034446 substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate. 17
GO:0043981 histone H4-K5 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 5 of the histone. 17
GO:0051693 actin filament capping The binding of a protein or protein complex to the end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits. 17
GO:0019068 virion assembly A late phase of viral replication during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed. 17
GO:0002093 auditory receptor cell morphogenesis Any process that alters the size or shape of an auditory receptor cell. 17
GO:0035038 female pronucleus assembly Assembly of the haploid nucleus of the unfertilized egg. 17
GO:0003382 epithelial cell morphogenesis The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. 17
GO:0097178 ruffle assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. The formation of ruffles (also called membrane ruffling) is thought to be controlled by a group of enzymes known as Rho GTPases, specifically RhoA, Rac1 and cdc42. 17
GO:0007183 SMAD protein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex that contains SMAD proteins. 17
GO:0016237 microautophagy The transfer of cytosolic components into the lysosomal compartment by direct invagination of the lysosomal membrane without prior sequestration into an autophagosome. The engulfing membranes fuse, resulting in the lysosomal delivery of the cargo wrapped in a single membrane derived from the invaginated lysosomal membrane. In S. cerevisiae, the vacuole is the lysosomal compartment. 16
GO:0006627 protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion The cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins, usually near the N terminus, contributing to the process of import into the mitochondrion. Several different peptidases mediate cleavage of proteins destined for different mitochondrial compartments. 16
GO:0060996 dendritic spine development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission. 16
GO:0090385 phagosome-lysosome fusion The creation of a phagolysosome from a phagosome and a lysosome. 16
GO:0016188 synaptic vesicle maturation Steps required to form an initiated synaptic vesicle into a fully formed and transmissible synaptic vesicle. 16
GO:0030030 cell projection organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. 16
GO:0007043 cell-cell junction assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a junction between cells. 16
GO:0080159 zygote elongation The process in which the zygote irreversibly increases in size in one dimension after fertilization. An example of such a process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. 16
GO:0043933 macromolecular complex subunit organization Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a macromolecular complex. 15
GO:0048846 axon extension involved in axon guidance The long distance growth of a single cell process, that is involved in the migration of an axon growth cone, where the migration is directed to a specific target site by a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. 15
GO:0033563 dorsal/ventral axon guidance The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site along the dorsal-ventral body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. 15
GO:0030397 membrane disassembly The controlled breakdown of any cell membrane in the context of a normal process such as autophagy. 15
GO:0043297 apical junction assembly The formation of an apical junction, a functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens junction and the desmosomes, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents. 15
GO:0042256 mature ribosome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the large and small ribosomal subunits into a functional ribosome. 15
GO:0010111 glyoxysome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the glyoxysome. A glyoxysome is a microbody that contains the enzymes of the glyoxylate pathway. 15
GO:0031508 centromeric heterochromatin assembly The assembly of chromatin into heterochromatin near the centromere. 15
GO:0090387 phagolysosome assembly involved in apoptotic cell clearance The process in which a phagosome, a vesicle formed by phagocytosis, fuses with a lysosome as a part of apoptotic cell clearance. 15
GO:0046847 filopodium assembly The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone. 15
GO:0016233 telomere capping A process in which telomeres are protected from degradation and fusion, thereby ensuring chromosome stability by protecting the ends from both degradation and from being recognized as damaged DNA. May be mediated by specific single- or double-stranded telomeric DNA binding proteins. 15
GO:0035320 imaginal disc-derived wing hair site selection Determination of the site in the cell of an imaginal disc-derived wing at which a prehair initiates outgrowth. Restriction of prehair initiation to the distalmost part of a cell is essential to ensure that each wing epithelial cell produces one adult hair that points distally. 14
GO:0034379 very-low-density lipoprotein particle assembly The aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids in the liver to form a very-low-density lipoprotein particle. 14
GO:0017004 cytochrome complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cytochrome complex. A cytochrome complex is a protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. 14
GO:0070584 mitochondrion morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mitochondrion are generated and organized. 14
GO:0003374 dynamin polymerization involved in mitochondrial fission The process of creating dynamin polymers, compounds composed of a large number of dynamin monomers around a lipid tube of a dividing mitochondrion. Dynamin polymers form around lipid tubes and contribute to membrane fission. 14
GO:0090135 actin filament branching The formation of daughter actin filament branches at an angle on the sides of preexisting mother filaments. 14
GO:0090149 membrane fission involved in mitochondrial fission A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the separation of a single continuous mitochondrial membrane into two membranes and contributes to mitochondrial fission. 14
GO:0016320 endoplasmic reticulum membrane fusion The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the endoplasmic reticulum. 14
GO:0010215 cellulose microfibril organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose microfibril, any of the cellulose structures laid down in orthogonal layers in a plant cell wall. 14
GO:0006463 steroid hormone receptor complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a steroid hormone receptor complex, an intracellular receptor that binds steroid hormones. The complex is often a dimer, and forms after the steroid has bound the receptor. 14
GO:0061166 establishment of endoplasmic reticulum localization involved in endoplasmic reticulum polarization at cell division site The directed movement of the endoplasmic reticulum to the site where a cell will divide. 14
GO:0031103 axon regeneration The regrowth of axons following their loss or damage. 14
GO:0000349 generation of catalytic spliceosome for first transesterification step Formation of a catalytic spliceosome complex ready to perform the first splicing reaction. This occurs by an ATP-dependent conformational change of the pre-catalytic spliceosome. 14
GO:0042407 cristae formation The assembly of cristae, the inwards folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane. 14
GO:0010246 rhamnogalacturonan I biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan I component of pectin, a rhamnose-rich pectic polysaccharide. 13
GO:0009904 chloroplast accumulation movement The relocation process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells move toward a brighter area in a cell to optimize photosynthesis. 13
GO:0007040 lysosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases. 13
GO:0000091 mitotic anaphase A An anaphase during which the kinetochore microtubules shorten as chromosomes move toward the spindle poles as part of mitosis. 13
GO:0016578 histone deubiquitination The modification of histones by removal of ubiquitin groups. 13
GO:0007051 spindle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the spindle, the array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during DNA segregation and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart. 12
GO:0034058 endosomal vesicle fusion The homotypic fusion of endocytic vesicles to form or add to an early endosome. 12
GO:0090386 phagosome maturation involved in apoptotic cell clearance A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the arrangement of constituent parts of a phagosome within a cell and contributes to apoptotic cell clearance. Phagosome maturation begins with endocytosis and formation of the early phagosome and ends with the formation of the hybrid organelle, the phagolysosome. 12
GO:0034401 regulation of transcription by chromatin organization Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-dependent transcription. 12
GO:0000742 karyogamy involved in conjugation with cellular fusion During sexual reproduction, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. This occurs after cytogamy. 12
GO:0043968 histone H2A acetylation The modification of histone H2A by the addition of an acetyl group. 12
GO:0048041 focal adhesion assembly The aggregation and bonding together of a set of components to form a focal adhesion, a complex of intracellular signaling and structural proteins that provides a structural link between the internal actin cytoskeleton and the ECM, and also function as a locus of signal transduction activity. 12
GO:0000740 nuclear membrane fusion The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus. 12
GO:0031247 actin rod assembly The assembly of actin rods, a cellular structure consisting of parallel, hexagonally arranged actin tubules. 12
GO:0051123 RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on an RNA polymerase II promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription by RNA polymerase. 12
GO:0048564 photosystem I assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a photosystem I complex on the thylakoid membrane. 12
GO:0010797 regulation of multivesicular body size involved in endosome transport Any process that modulates the volume of a multivesicular body as part of the directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles. 12
GO:0043985 histone H4-R3 methylation The modification of histone H4 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 3 of the histone. 12
GO:0043987 histone H3-S10 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a serine residue at position 10 of the histone. 12
GO:0007130 synaptonemal complex assembly The cell cycle process in which the synaptonemal complex is formed. This is a structure that holds paired chromosomes together during prophase I of meiosis and that promotes genetic recombination. 12
GO:0070983 dendrite guidance The process in which the migration of a dendrite is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. 11
GO:0002502 peptide antigen assembly with MHC class I protein complex The binding of a peptide to the antigen binding groove of an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules. 11
GO:0071854 cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in fungal-type cell wall disassembly The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the fungal-type cell wall. 11
GO:0070143 mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. 11
GO:0052325 cell wall pectin biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall. 11
GO:0035318 imaginal disc-derived wing hair outgrowth Extrusion of a cellular projection from the apical membrane of an epithelial cell in an imaginal disc-derived wing. Outgrowth initiates approximately 35 hours after puparium formation from the distal side of the cell, and at this stage the cellular extension is termed a prehair. 11
GO:0033108 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. 11
GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion. 11
GO:0016050 vesicle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle. 11
GO:0007028 cytoplasm organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. 11
GO:0006337 nucleosome disassembly The controlled breakdown of nucleosomes, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA. 11
GO:0071940 fungal-type cell wall assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a fungal-type cell wall. 11
GO:0034970 histone H3-R2 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 2 of the histone. 11
GO:0007091 metaphase/anaphase transition of mitotic cell cycle The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the destruction of mitotic cyclins. 11
GO:0060303 regulation of nucleosome density Any process that modulates the number of nucleosomes in a given region of a chromosome. 11
GO:0032790 ribosome disassembly The disaggregation of a ribosome into its constituent components; includes the dissociation of ribosomal subunits. 11
GO:0045109 intermediate filament organization Control of the spatial distribution of intermediate filaments; includes organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. 11
GO:0009660 amyloplast organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an amyloplast. An amyloplast is a plastid whose main function is to synthesize and store starch. 11
GO:0051205 protein insertion into membrane The process that results in the incorporation of a protein into a biological membrane. 11
GO:0042255 ribosome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits. 11
GO:0033109 cortical actin cytoskeleton stabilization The process in which the assembly and arrangement of cytoskeletal structures in the actin cortex with respect to the plasma membrane is maintained. 11
GO:0034724 DNA replication-independent nucleosome organization The formation or destruction of chromatin structures, occurring outside the context of DNA replication. 10
GO:0007076 mitotic chromosome condensation The cell cycle process in which chromatin structure is compacted prior to and during mitosis in eukaryotic cells. 10
GO:0048674 collateral sprouting of injured axon The process resulting in reformation of a growth cone by the tip of an injured axon, or in collateral sprouting of the axon. Collateral sprouting is the process in which outgrowths develop from the shafts of existing axons. 10
GO:0030833 regulation of actin filament polymerization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament. 10
GO:0006998 nuclear envelope organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear envelope. 10
GO:0050808 synapse organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). 10
GO:0000904 cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. 10
GO:0006335 DNA replication-dependent nucleosome assembly The formation of nucleosomes on newly replicated DNA, coupled to strand elongation. 10
GO:0043570 maintenance of DNA repeat elements Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA repeat elements. 10
GO:0070125 mitochondrial translational elongation The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in a mitochondrion. 10
GO:2000775 histone H3-S10 phosphorylation involved in chromosome condensation Any histone H3-S10 phosphorylation that is involved in chromosome condensation. 10
GO:0007029 endoplasmic reticulum organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum. 10
GO:0031581 hemidesmosome assembly Assembly of hemidesmosomes, integrin-containing protein complexes that bind to laminin in the basal lamina. Hemidesmosomes form the contact between the basal surface of epithelial cells and the underlying basal lamina. 10
GO:0048388 endosomal lumen acidification Any process that reduces the pH of the endosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. 10
GO:0002184 cytoplasmic translational termination The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in the cytoplasm, usually in response to a termination codon. 10
GO:0000819 sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. 10
GO:0007042 lysosomal lumen acidification Any process that reduces the pH of the lysosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. 10
GO:0000919 cell plate assembly The process of assembly, maturation, and growth of the cell plate to the cell periphery in cells that divide by cell plate formation; often involves deposition of cell wall material in and around the phragmoplast. 10
GO:0046844 micropyle formation Establishment of the micropyle, a single cone-shaped specialization of the chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization. 10
GO:0080182 histone H3-K4 trimethylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of three methyl groups to lysine at position 4 of the histone. 10
GO:0000917 barrier septum assembly The assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. The progeny cells that form a barrier septum are not able to exchange intracellular material. 10
GO:0071894 histone H2B conserved C-terminal lysine ubiquitination A histone ubiquitination process in which a ubiquitin monomer is added to a conserved lysine residue in the C-terminus of histone H2B. The conserved lysine residue is K119 in fission yeast, K123 in budding yeast, or K120 in mammals. 9
GO:0007344 pronuclear fusion The merging of two pronuclei in a fertilized egg to fuse and produce a single zygotic genome. 9
GO:0034729 histone H3-K79 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 79 of the histone. 9
GO:0071433 cell wall repair A process of cell wall organization that results in the restoration of the cell wall following damage. 9
GO:0000492 box C/D snoRNP assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and a box C/D snoRNA to form a box C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex. 9
GO:0090254 cell elongation involved in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis The process in which a cell elongates and contributes to imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis. 9
GO:0043113 receptor clustering The receptor metabolic process that results in grouping of a set of receptors at a cellular location, often to amplify the sensitivity of a signaling response. 9
GO:0030517 negative regulation of axon extension Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon outgrowth. 9
GO:0051016 barbed-end actin filament capping The binding of a protein or protein complex to the barbed (or plus) end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits. 9
GO:0034622 cellular macromolecular complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a complex, carried out at the cellular level. 9
GO:0043653 mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process The change in the morphology of the mitochondria in an apoptotic cell from a highly branched network to a fragmented vesicular form. 9
GO:0090383 phagosome acidification Any process that reduces the pH of the phagosome, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. 8
GO:0032981 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. 8
GO:0032543 mitochondrial translation The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a mitochondrion. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the mitochondrion has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code. 8
GO:0007098 centrosome cycle The cell cycle process in which centrosome duplication and separation takes place. The centrosome cycle can operate with a considerable degree of independence from other processes of the cell cycle. 8
GO:0048311 mitochondrion distribution Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria between and within cells. 8
GO:0034720 histone H3-K4 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 4 of the histone. 8
GO:0043241 protein complex disassembly The disaggregation of a protein complex into its constituent components. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleic acids, metal ions or carbohydrate groups. 8
GO:0043623 cellular protein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex, occurring at the level of an individual cell. 8
GO:0035518 histone H2A monoubiquitination The modification of histone H2A by addition of a single ubiquitin group. 8
GO:0051417 microtubule nucleation by spindle pole body The 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, mediated by the spindle pole body. 8
GO:0090390 phagosome acidification involved in apoptotic cell clearance Any process that reduces the pH of the phagosome, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion, and occurs as a part of apoptotic cell clearance. 8
GO:0007290 spermatid nucleus elongation The change in shape of the spermatid nucleus from a spherical structure to an elongated organelle, during the latter part of spermatid differentiation. 8
GO:0045792 negative regulation of cell size Any process that reduces cell size. 8
GO:0048766 root hair initiation The process in which a protrusion or bulge is formed at the site of plant root hair outgrowth. 8
GO:0006617 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, signal sequence recognition The process in which SRP binds to the signal peptide in a nascent protein, causing protein elongation to pause, during cotranslational membrane targeting. 8
GO:0007103 spindle pole body duplication associated with nuclear envelope Construction of a new spindle pole body adjacent to the existing spindle pole body occurring at or near the nuclear envelope; usually occurs about the time of bud emergence. An example of this is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 7
GO:0045494 photoreceptor cell maintenance Any process preventing the degeneration of the photoreceptor, a specialized cell type that is sensitive to light. 7
GO:0048769 sarcomerogenesis The process in which sarcomeres are added in series within a fiber. 7
GO:0006376 mRNA splice site selection Selection of a splice site by components of the assembling spliceosome. 7
GO:0009661 chromoplast organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chromoplast. A chromoplast is a plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments. 7
GO:0071668 plant-type cell wall assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall. 7
GO:0006390 transcription from mitochondrial promoter The synthesis of RNA from a mitochondrial DNA template, usually by a specific mitochondrial RNA polymerase. 7
GO:0070206 protein trimerization The formation of a protein trimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits. 7
GO:0070829 heterochromatin maintenance The chromatin organization process that preserves heterochromatin in a stable functional or structural state. 7
GO:0010270 photosystem II oxygen evolving complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II on a thylakoid membrane. The OEC protects the calcium-4 manganese-5 oxide cluster which is bound to the D1 and CP43 proteins. The exact protein composition of the OEC varies between cyanobacteria and plants, and in plants consists of three extrinsic nuclear-encoded polypeptides: PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ. 7
GO:0072657 protein localization to membrane A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane. 7
GO:0019094 pole plasm mRNA localization Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 7
GO:0065004 protein-DNA complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and DNA molecules to form a protein-DNA complex. 6
GO:0030994 primary cell septum disassembly Dissolution of the primary septum during cell separation. 6
GO:0009662 etioplast organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an etioplast. An etioplast is a plastid arrested in the development of chloroplasts from proplastids due to absence of light or low light conditions. 6
GO:0030717 karyosome formation The chromosome organization process in which meiotic chromosomes in the oocyte nucleus cluster together to form a compact spherical structure called the karyosome. 6
GO:0030199 collagen fibril organization Any process that determines the size and arrangement of collagen fibrils within an extracellular matrix. 6
GO:0032535 regulation of cellular component size A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. 6
GO:0008057 eye pigment granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of intracellular pigment storage granules in the eye. 6
GO:0072660 maintenance of protein location in plasma membrane Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in the plasma membrane, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. 6
GO:0051469 vesicle fusion with vacuole The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle with the lipid bilayer membrane around the vacuole. 6
GO:0065003 macromolecular complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a complex. 6
GO:0030713 ovarian follicle cell stalk formation Development of ovarian follicle cells to create the interfollicular stalks that connect the egg chambers of progressive developmental stages. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 6
GO:0016569 covalent chromatin modification The alteration of DNA or protein in chromatin by the covalent addition or removal of chemical groups. 6
GO:0080175 phragmoplast microtubule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in phragmoplast, a plant cell specific structure that forms during late cytokinesis. Phragmoplast serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent formation of a new cell wall separating the two daughter cells. 6
GO:0000921 septin ring assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of septins and associated proteins to form an organized structure resembling a ring at the cell cortex. 6
GO:0008053 mitochondrial fusion Merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment. 6
GO:0032287 peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance The process in which the structure and material content of mature peripheral nervous system myelin is kept in a functional state. 5
GO:0043954 cellular component maintenance The organization process that preserves a cellular component in a stable functional or structural state. 5
GO:0060088 auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a stereocilium. A stereocilium is an actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory hair cells. 5
GO:0051300 spindle pole body organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the spindle pole body (SPB). The SPB is the microtubule organizing center in fungi, and is functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome. 5
GO:0035063 nuclear speck organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of nuclear specks, a class of nuclear body in which splicing factors are localized. 5
GO:0032289 central nervous system myelin formation The process in which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon by an oligodendrocyte in the central nervous system. 5
GO:0080171 lytic vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lytic vacuole. 5
GO:0016199 axon midline choice point recognition The recognition of molecules at the central nervous system midline choice point by an axon growth cone; this choice point determines whether the growth cone will cross the midline. 5
GO:0070734 histone H3-K27 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 27 of the histone. 5
GO:0060052 neurofilament cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising neurofilaments and their associated proteins. 5
GO:0007004 telomere maintenance via telomerase The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. 5
GO:0070185 mitochondrial valyl-tRNA aminoacylation The process of coupling valine to valyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by valyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. 5
GO:0007007 inner mitochondrial membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane. 5
GO:0030836 positive regulation of actin filament depolymerization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin depolymerization. 5
GO:0022411 cellular component disassembly A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a cellular component. 5
GO:0032120 ascospore-type prospore membrane assembly The process in which the nascent membrane forms at the meiotic outer plaque and grows until closure occurs and forespores, or prospores, are formed. 5
GO:0051078 meiotic nuclear envelope disassembly The cell cycle process in which the controlled breakdown of the nuclear envelope during meiotic cell division occurs. 5
GO:0035407 histone H3-T11 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a threonine residue at position 11 of the histone. 5
GO:0035280 miRNA loading onto RISC involved in gene silencing by miRNA The transfer of a microRNA (miRNA) strand from a miRNA:miRNA duplex onto the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). 5
GO:0030220 platelet formation The process in which platelets bud from long processes extended by megakaryocytes. 5
GO:0006625 protein targeting to peroxisome The process of directing proteins towards the peroxisome, usually using signals contained within the protein. 5
GO:0006921 cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis. 5
GO:0000389 mRNA 3'-splice site recognition Recognition of the intron 3'-splice site by components of the assembling U2- or U12-type spliceosome. 5
GO:0000393 spliceosomal conformational changes to generate catalytic conformation Structural rearrangements of the spliceosome complex, containing RNA to be spliced, to generate a catalytic conformation. 4
GO:0051296 establishment of meiotic spindle orientation Any process that set the alignment of meiotic spindle relative to other cellular structures. 4
GO:0055005 ventricular cardiac myofibril development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventricular cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells. 4
GO:0035459 cargo loading into vesicle The formation of a protein complex between the coat proteins and proteins that are going to be transported by a vesicle. 4
GO:0032042 mitochondrial DNA metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving mitochondrial DNA. 4
GO:0070183 mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. 4
GO:0070676 intralumenal vesicle formation The evagination of the endosome membrane, resulting in the formation of a vesicle. 4
GO:0044375 regulation of peroxisome size Any process that modulates the volume of a peroxisome, a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules. 4
GO:0000348 mRNA branch site recognition Recognition of the pre-mRNA branch site sequence by components of the assembling spliceosome. 4
GO:0007009 plasma membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the plasma membrane. 4
GO:0010258 NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone) assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form NADH:plastoquinone dehydrogenase complex, which is involved in the non-photochemical reduction of plastoquinones, as well as the cyclic electron transport around photosystem I. 4
GO:0000354 cis assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the intact pre-mRNA and all of the spliceosomal snRNPs. This occurs when the tri-snRNP associates with the pre-mRNA and associated snRNPs in an ATP-dependent manner. 4
GO:0018283 iron incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster The incorporation of iron into a metallo-sulfur cluster. 4
GO:0035404 histone-serine phosphorylation The modification of histones by addition of a phosphate group to a serine residue. 4
GO:0010256 endomembrane system organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system. 4
GO:0051764 actin crosslink formation The process in which two or more actin filaments are connected together by proteins that act as crosslinks between the filaments. The crosslinked filaments may be on the same or differing axes. 4
GO:0007100 mitotic centrosome separation Separation of duplicated centrosome components at the beginning of mitosis. The centriole pair within each centrosome becomes part of a separate microtubule organizing center that nucleates a radial array of microtubules called an aster. The two asters move to opposite sides of the nucleus to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle. 4
GO:0045039 protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane The process comprising the import of proteins into the mitochondrion from outside the organelle and their insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The translocase of the outer membrane complex mediates the passage of these proteins across the outer membrane, after which they are guided by either of two inner membrane translocase complexes into their final destination in the inner membrane. 4
GO:0000147 actin cortical patch assembly Assembly of an actin cortical patch, a discrete actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane of fungal cells. 4
GO:0001113 transcriptional open complex formation at RNA polymerase II promoter Any process involved in the melting of the DNA hybrid of the core promoter region within the transcriptional closed complex of an RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) to produce an open complex where the DNA duplex around the transcription initiation site is unwound to form the transcription bubble. 4
GO:0000753 cell morphogenesis involved in conjugation with cellular fusion The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo conjugation cellular fusion. 4
GO:0051754 meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric The cell cycle process in which centromeres of sister chromatids are joined during meiosis. 4
GO:0032220 plasma membrane fusion involved in cytogamy The joining of two or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround cells, that contributes to cytogamy. 4
GO:0034454 microtubule anchoring at centrosome Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a centrosome. 4
GO:0031023 microtubule organizing center organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microtubule organizing center, a structure from which microtubules grow. 4
GO:0007064 mitotic sister chromatid cohesion The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome, from their formation in S phase through metaphase during a mitotic cell cycle. This cohesion cycle is critical for high fidelity chromosome transmission. 3
GO:0071711 basement membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the basement membrane. 3
GO:0010032 meiotic chromosome condensation Compaction of chromatin structure prior to meiosis in eukaryotic cells. 3
GO:0006323 DNA packaging Any process in which DNA and associated proteins are formed into a compact, orderly structure. 3
GO:0030382 sperm mitochondrion organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of sperm mitochondria; the process in which they take on their characteristic morphology; they are flattened, elongated, and arranged circumferentially into a tight helical coil around the tail-dense fibers of the mature sperm. 3
GO:0010442 guard cell morphogenesis Generation and organization of the polarized cell that is capable of turgor driven movement. 3
GO:0051292 nuclear pore complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nuclear pore complex. 3
GO:0034971 histone H3-R17 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 17 of the histone. 3
GO:0051256 spindle midzone assembly involved in mitosis The formation of the spindle midzone, the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap, as a part of the process of mitosis. 3
GO:0051036 regulation of endosome size Any process that modulates the volume of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. 3
GO:0000090 mitotic anaphase An anaphase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of mitosis. 3
GO:0070898 RNA polymerase III transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription from an RNA polymerase III promoter. 3
GO:0016557 peroxisome membrane biogenesis The process in which a peroxisome membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. 3
GO:0033259 plastid DNA replication The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in a plastid. 3
GO:0090110 cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicle The formation of a protein complex between the COPII coat proteins and proteins that are going to be transported by the COPII vesicle to the Golgi. 3
GO:0045332 phospholipid translocation The movement of a phospholipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet. 3
GO:0008064 regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament. 3
GO:0030516 regulation of axon extension Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon extension. 3
GO:0051294 establishment of spindle orientation Any process that set the alignment of spindle relative to other cellular structures. 3
GO:0000730 DNA recombinase assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA. 3
GO:0031081 nuclear pore distribution Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of nuclear pores within the nuclear envelope. 3
GO:0042794 rRNA transcription from plastid promoter The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from a plastid DNA template, usually by a specific plastid RNA polymerase. 3
GO:0001831 trophectodermal cellular morphogenesis The morphogenesis of trophectoderm cells. 3
GO:0000913 preprophase band assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the preprophase band, a dense band of microtubules that marks the position in the cell where cytokinesis will occur in cells that perform cytokinesis by cell plate formation. 3
GO:0043983 histone H4-K12 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 12 of the histone. 3
GO:0045141 meiotic telomere clustering The cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body. This plays an important role in homologous chromosome pairing and therefore progression through meiosis. 3
GO:0007057 spindle assembly involved in female meiosis I The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 3
GO:0090306 spindle assembly involved in meiosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle that contributes to the process of meiosis. 3
GO:0019991 septate junction assembly The assembly of a septate junction, an intercellular junction found in invertebrate epithelia that is characterized by a ladder like appearance in electron micrographs and thought to provide structural strength and to provide a barrier to diffusion of solutes through the intercellular space. 3
GO:0000914 phragmoplast assembly The formation of a structure composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins that will function in cytokinesis in cells that perform cytokinesis by cell plate formation. The structure usually contains antiparallel microtubules and membrane (often visible as vesicles). 3
GO:0000244 assembly of spliceosomal tri-snRNP The formation of a tri-snRNP complex containing U4 and U6 (or U4atac and U6atac) snRNAs and U5 snRNAs and associated proteins. This includes reannealing of U4 and U6 (or U4atac and U6atac) snRNAs released from previous rounds of splicing to reform the U4/U6 snRNP (or U4atac/U6atac snRNP) as well as the subsequent association of the U5 snRNP with the U4/U6 snRNP (or U4atac/U6atac snRNP) to form a tri-snRNP that is ready to reassemble into another spliceosome complex. 3
GO:0034972 histone H3-R26 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 26 of the histone. 3
GO:0016574 histone ubiquitination The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups. 3
GO:0060988 lipid tube assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a macromolecular complex that contains a tube of lipid surrounded by a protein coat involved in membrane shaping of vesicle membranes as the fuse or undergo fission. 3
GO:0032984 macromolecular complex disassembly The disaggregation of a macromolecular complex into its constituent components. 3
GO:0070159 mitochondrial threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. 3
GO:0030951 establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized microtubule-based cytoskeletal structures. 3
GO:0021955 central nervous system neuron axonogenesis Generation of a long process from a neuron whose cell body resides in the central nervous system. The process carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. 3
GO:0042989 sequestering of actin monomers The selective interaction of actin monomers with specific molecules that inhibit their polymerization by preventing their access to other monomers. 3
GO:0030423 targeting of mRNA for destruction involved in RNA interference The process in which small interfering RNAs target cognate mRNA molecules for degradation. 3
GO:0016562 protein import into peroxisome matrix, receptor recycling The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol. 3
GO:0045026 plasma membrane fusion The joining of two or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround a cell. 2
GO:0016560 protein import into peroxisome matrix, docking The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the preoxisomal membrane. 2
GO:0070127 tRNA aminoacylation for mitochondrial protein translation The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis in a mitochondrion. 2
GO:0060997 dendritic spine morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic spine are generated and organized. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission. 2
GO:0033955 mitochondrial DNA inheritance The process in which copies of the mitochondrial genome are distributed into daughter mitochondria upon mitochondrial fission. 2
GO:0045048 protein insertion into ER membrane The process that results in incorporation of a protein into an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. It depends on specific topogenic sequences of amino acids that ensure that a protein acquires the proper orientation during its insertion into the ER membrane. 2
GO:0048914 myelination of anterior lateral line nerve axons The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of the anterior lateral line nerve. 2
GO:0070278 extracellular matrix constituent secretion The controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell. 2
GO:0034374 low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters from LDL to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride to LDL. 2
GO:0048932 myelination of posterior lateral line nerve axons The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of the posterior lateral line nerve. 2
GO:1900160 plastid DNA packaging Any process in which plastidial DNA and associated proteins are formed into a compact, orderly structure. 2
GO:0071770 DIM/DIP cell wall layer assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including (phenyl)phthiocerol, phthiodiolone, phthiotriol dimycocerosate and diphthioceranate, to form the DIM/DIP layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall. 2
GO:0007289 spermatid nucleus differentiation The specialization of the spermatid nucleus during the development of a spermatid into a mature male gamete competent for fertilization. 2
GO:0030835 negative regulation of actin filament depolymerization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin depolymerization. 2
GO:0048096 chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription Maintenance of transcription by remodelling of chromatin into an 'open configuration'. Once established, this regulation is mitotically stable and is maintained over many cell divisions. It is also heritable. 2
GO:0010324 membrane invagination The infolding of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. 2
GO:0030033 microvillus assembly Formation of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell. 2
GO:0071769 mycolate cell wall layer assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including arabinogalactan mycolate and trehalose dimycolate, to form the mycolate layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall. The mycolate layer is physically attached to the peptidoglycan layer. 2
GO:0000918 barrier septum site selection The process of marking the site where a barrier septum will form. 2
GO:0061025 membrane fusion The membrane organization process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane. 2
GO:0008154 actin polymerization or depolymerization Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament. 2
GO:0007053 spindle assembly involved in male meiosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 2
GO:0031497 chromatin assembly The assembly of DNA, histone proteins, other associated proteins, and sometimes RNA, into chromatin structure, beginning with the formation of the basic unit, the nucleosome, followed by organization of the nucleosomes into higher order structures, ultimately giving rise to a complex organization of specific domains within the nucleus. 2
GO:0033617 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the mitochondrial inner membrane. 2
GO:1900018 phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 5 residues involved in recruitment of mRNA capping enzyme to RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex Any phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 5 residues that is involved in recruitment of mRNA capping enzyme to RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex. 2
GO:0048933 afferent axon development in posterior lateral line nerve The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an afferent axon in the posterior lateral line nerve over time from its formation to the mature structure. This process includes axonogenesis and pathfinding of the afferent axons in the posterior lateral line nerve. 2
GO:0035964 COPI-coated vesicle budding The evagination of a Golgi membrane, resulting in formation of a COPI-coated vesicle. 2
GO:0051306 mitotic sister chromatid separation The process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis. 2
GO:0045216 cell-cell junction organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells. 2
GO:0010245 radial microtubular system formation Formation of radial microtubular systems during male meiotic cytokinesis in plants. 2
GO:0033615 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase in the mitochondrial inner membrane. 2
GO:0010457 centriole-centriole cohesion The process in which the two centrioles within a centrosome remain tightly paired. 2
GO:0030242 peroxisome degradation The process in which peroxisomes are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing nutrient conditions. 2
GO:0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation The process in which the structures of a neuron are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a neuron. 2
GO:0048929 efferent axon development in posterior lateral line nerve The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an efferent axon in the posterior lateral line nerve over time from its formation to the mature structure. This process includes axonogenesis and pathfinding of the efferent axons in the posterior lateral line nerve. 2
GO:0034375 high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a high-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters from LDL to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride to LDL. 2
GO:0035522 monoubiquitinated histone H2A deubiquitination The removal of the ubiquitin group from a monoubiquitinated histone H2A protein. 2
GO:0034087 establishment of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion The process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome become joined along the entire length of the chromosome during S phase during a mitotic cell cycle. 2
GO:0045144 meiotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and randomly apportioned to two sets during the second division of the meiotic cell cycle. 2
GO:0010927 cellular component assembly involved in morphogenesis The cellular component assembly that is part of the initial shaping of the component during its developmental progression. 2
GO:0048284 organelle fusion The creation of a single organelle from two or more organelles. 2
GO:0030262 apoptotic nuclear changes Alterations undergone by nuclei at the molecular and morphological level and that contribute to the execution phase of apoptosis. 2
GO:0072553 terminal button organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a terminal button. A terminal button is the terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. 2
GO:0030472 mitotic spindle organization in nucleus A process resulting in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle in the nucleus. The process occurs during a mitotic cell cycle and takes place at the cellular level. 2
GO:0009971 anastral spindle assembly involved in male meiosis The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the anastral spindle in male meiotic cells. 2
GO:0006900 membrane budding The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. 2
GO:0001675 acrosome assembly The formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi. 2
GO:0031032 actomyosin structure organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures containing both actin and myosin or paramyosin. The myosin may be organized into filaments. 2
GO:0045162 clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels The process in which voltage-gated sodium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, nodes of Ranvier differ dramatically from internodal axonal regions in very high densities of voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels responsible for the rapid, inward ionic currents that produce membrane depolarization. 2
GO:0030043 actin filament fragmentation The severing of actin filaments into numerous short fragments, usually mediated by actin severing proteins. 1
GO:0051418 microtubule nucleation by microtubule organizing center The 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, mediated by the microtubule organizing center. 1
GO:0007318 pole plasm protein localization Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0090171 chondrocyte morphogenesis The process in which the structures of a chondrocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a chondrocyte. 1
GO:0048858 cell projection morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a cell projection are generated and organized. 1
GO:0051316 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in meiotic chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex contributing to meiotic chromosome segregation. 1
GO:0046594 maintenance of pole plasm mRNA location The process of maintaining mRNA in a specific location in the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0090391 granum assembly A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly of a granum. A granum is a distinct stack of lamellae seen within chloroplasts. 1
GO:0030239 myofibril assembly Formation of myofibrils, the repeating units of striated muscle. 1
GO:0070217 transcription factor TFIIIB complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a transcription factor TFIIIB complex. 1
GO:0008535 respiratory chain complex IV assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase), the terminal member of the respiratory chain of the mitochondrion and some aerobic bacteria. Cytochrome c oxidases are multi-subunit enzymes containing from 13 subunits in the mammalian mitochondrial form to 3-4 subunits in the bacterial forms. 1
GO:0035087 siRNA loading onto RISC involved in RNA interference The transfer of small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) from the Dicer family of enzymes that cleave the double-stranded RNA, onto the nuclease-containing RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC), in the context of RNA interference. 1
GO:0000350 generation of catalytic spliceosome for second transesterification step Conformational rearrangement of the spliceosomal complex containing the RNA products from the 1st step of splicing to form the catalytic site for the second step of splicing. 1
GO:0034463 90S preribosome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a 90S preribosome. The 90S preribosome represents the complex that forms on the primary rRNA transcript before it splits into the small subunit and large subunit portions. 1
GO:0000965 mitochondrial RNA 3'-end processing Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an RNA molecule transcribed from a mitochondrial genome; occurs in the mitochondrion. 1
GO:0000973 posttranscriptional tethering of RNA polymerase II gene DNA at nuclear periphery The chromosome organization process in which the DNA sequence containing a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery even after transcription has been repressed. 1
GO:0072355 histone H3-T3 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a threonine residue at position 3 of the histone. 1
GO:0045218 zonula adherens maintenance Maintaining the zonula adherens junction, the cell-cell adherens junction formed near the apex of epithelial cells. 1
GO:0070544 histone H3-K36 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 36 of the histone. 1
GO:0071824 protein-DNA complex subunit organization Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-DNA complex. 1
GO:0035092 sperm chromatin condensation The progressive compaction of the spermatid chromatin so that it reaches a level of condensation that is not compatible with nuclear activities such as transcription or DNA replication. 1
GO:0034508 centromere complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and centromeric DNA molecules to form a centromeric protein-DNA complex. Includes the formation of the chromatin structures which form a platform for the kinetochore, and assembly of the kinetochore onto this specialized chromatin. In fission yeast and higher eukaryotes this process also includes the formation of heterochromatin at the outer repeat (pericentric) regions of the centromere. 1
GO:0000388 spliceosome conformational change to release U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) Rearrangement of the pre-catalytic spliceosome containing U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) snRNPs to unpair U4 (or U4atac) from U6 (or U6atac) and release it from the spliceosomal complex along with U1 (or U11). 1
GO:0048789 cytoskeletal matrix organization at active zone The assembly and arrangement of cytomatrix proteins to form complexes in the cell cortex beneath the active zone, i.e. just beneath the presynaptic plasma membrane. 1
GO:0001731 formation of translation preinitiation complex The joining of the small ribosomal subunit, ternary complex, and mRNA. 1
GO:0034088 maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle. 1
GO:0017126 nucleologenesis A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. 1
GO:0060155 platelet dense granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a platelet dense granule. A platelet dense granule is an electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins. 1
GO:0070058 tRNA gene clustering The process in which tRNA genes, which are not linearly connected on the chromosome, are transported in three dimensions to, and maintained together in, the nucleolus. This clustered positioning leads to transcriptional silencing of nearby RNA polymerase II promoters (termed tRNA gene mediated (tgm) silencing) in S. cerevisiae. 1
GO:0034553 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex II, in the mitochondrial inner membrane. 1
GO:0046595 establishment of pole plasm mRNA localization Any process that results in the directed movement of mRNA to the oocyte pole plasm. 1
GO:0035845 photoreceptor cell outer segment organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level and results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the outer segment of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. The outer segment of the photoreceptor cell contains the light-absorbing materials. 1
GO:0036078 minus-end specific microtubule depolymerization The removal of tubulin heterodimers from the minus end of a microtubule. 1
GO:0006649 phospholipid transfer to membrane The transfer of a phospholipid from its site of synthesis to the plasma membrane. 1
GO:0070903 mitochondrial tRNA thio-modification The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a mitochondrial tRNA molecule. 1
GO:0031566 actomyosin contractile ring maintenance The cell cycle process in which the contractile ring is maintained in response to the cytokinesis checkpoint; that is when cytokinesis is delayed awaiting completion of nuclear division or the correct formation of cytokinetic structures. This process occurs in the context of cytokinesis that takes place as part of a cell cycle. 1
GO:0016243 regulation of autophagic vacuole size Any process that modulates the size of the autophagic vacuole. 1
GO:0070192 chromosome organization involved in meiosis A process of chromosome organization that is involved in meiosis. 1
GO:0009663 plasmodesma organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plasmodesma, a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell. 1
GO:0010452 histone H3-K36 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 36 of the histone. 1
GO:0051759 sister chromosome movement towards spindle pole involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation The directed movement of sister chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during meiosis II. 1
GO:0000412 histone peptidyl-prolyl isomerization The modification of a histone by cis-trans isomerization of a proline residue. 1
GO:0008608 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex. 1
GO:0043461 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase (also known as F-type ATPase), a two-sector ATPase found in the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts, and in bacterial plasma membranes. 1
GO:0072689 MCM complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MCM complex, a hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication. 1
GO:0070184 mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation The process of coupling threonine to tyrosyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. 1
GO:0070462 plus-end specific microtubule depolymerization The removal of tubulin heterodimers from the plus end of a microtubule. 1
GO:0006343 establishment of chromatin silencing The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin. 1
GO:0043147 meiotic spindle stabilization The cell cycle process in which spindle integrity is maintained during M phase of meiosis. 1
GO:0030837 negative regulation of actin filament polymerization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization. 1
GO:0034969 histone arginine methylation The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to an arginine residue. 1
GO:0030264 nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change The breakdown of the nucleus into small membrane-bounded compartments, or blebs, each of which contain compacted DNA. 1
GO:1990019 protein storage vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a protein storage vacuole, a storage vacuole that contains a lytic vacuole. 1
GO:0018063 cytochrome c-heme linkage The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme. 1
GO:0060317 cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. 1
GO:0007054 spindle assembly involved in male meiosis I The formation of the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in males. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. 1
GO:0051177 meiotic sister chromatid cohesion The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome during meiosis. 1
GO:0051312 chromosome decondensation The alteration of chromosome structure from the condensed form to a relaxed disperse form. 1
GO:0007107 membrane addition at site of cytokinesis Any process involved in the net addition of membrane at the site of cytokinesis; includes vesicle recruitment and fusion, local lipid synthesis and insertion. 1