Go terms map to parent GO term: GO:0040029   regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
GOID
Link to GO
 Functional Category Description Protein Count
link to
protein list
GO:0016246 RNA interference The process in which double-stranded RNAs silence cognate genes. Involves posttranscriptional gene inactivation ('silencing') both of transgenes or dsRNA introduced into a germline, and of the host gene(s) homologous to the transgenes or dsRNA. This silencing is triggered by the introduction of transgenes or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and can occur through a specific decrease in the level of mRNA, or by negative regulation of translation, of both host genes and transgenes. 211
GO:0006342 chromatin silencing Repression of transcription by altering the structure of chromatin, e.g. by conversion of large regions of DNA into an inaccessible state often called heterochromatin. 188
GO:0006306 DNA methylation The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine. 141
GO:0006346 methylation-dependent chromatin silencing Repression of transcription by methylation of DNA, leading to the formation of heterochromatin. 133
GO:0035196 production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA Cleavage of stem-loop RNA precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small RNAs that primarily silence genes by blocking the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein. 127
GO:0031048 chromatin silencing by small RNA Repression of transcription by conversion of large regions of DNA into heterochromatin, directed by small RNAs sharing sequence identity to the repressed region. 124
GO:0010267 production of ta-siRNAs involved in RNA interference Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form trans-acting small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides. ta-siRNAs arise from PolII genes and function like miRNAs to guide cleavage of target mRNAs. 121
GO:0030466 chromatin silencing at silent mating-type cassette Repression of transcription at silent mating-type loci by alteration of the structure of chromatin. 79
GO:0006348 chromatin silencing at telomere Repression of transcription of telomeric DNA by altering the structure of chromatin. 66
GO:0006349 regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting Heritable alterations in the activity of a gene that depend on whether it passed through the paternal or the maternal germline, but that are not encoded by DNA itself. 61
GO:0006344 maintenance of chromatin silencing The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin. 54
GO:0030422 production of siRNA involved in RNA interference Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of RNA interference. 35
GO:0035278 negative regulation of translation involved in gene silencing by miRNA The process in which microRNAs (miRNAs) block the translation of target mRNAs into proteins. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA will typically repress translation if the miRNA imperfectly base-pairs with the 3' untranslated regions of target mRNAs. 34
GO:0030702 chromatin silencing at centromere Repression of transcription of centromeric DNA by altering the structure of chromatin. 29
GO:0031054 pre-miRNA processing Any process involved in the conversion of a pre-microRNA transcript into a mature microRNA molecule. 20
GO:0035195 gene silencing by miRNA Downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: mRNA cleavage or translational repression. 18
GO:0080188 RNA-directed DNA methylation An epigenetic RNA-based gene silencing process first elucidated in plants whereby 24-nt small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) guide DNA methyltransferases to the siRNA-generating genomic loci and other loci that are homologous to the siRNAs for de novo DNA methylation. In general this process consists of three phases: biogenesis of siRNAs, scaffold RNA production, and the formation of the guiding complex that recruits de novo DNA methyltransferases to the target loci. 18
GO:0031053 primary miRNA processing Any process involved in the conversion of a primary microRNA transcript into a pre-microRNA molecule. 14
GO:0010216 maintenance of DNA methylation Any process involved in maintaining the methylation state of a nucleotide sequence. 13
GO:0061188 negative regulation of chromatin silencing at rDNA Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the repression of transcription of ribosomal DNA by altering the structure of chromatin. 11
GO:0010495 long-distance posttranscriptional gene silencing A posttranscriptional gene silencing process in which the silencing signal originates in a tissue separate from the tissue in which the silencing takes place. 11
GO:0061186 negative regulation of chromatin silencing at silent mating-type cassette Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of chromatin silencing at silent mating-type cassette. Chromatin silencing at silent mating-type cassette is the repression of transcription at silent mating-type loci by altering the structure of chromatin. 11
GO:0007549 dosage compensation Compensating for the two-fold variation in X:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by a global activation or inactivation of all, or most of, genes on one or both of the X chromosomes. 10
GO:0009048 dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex. 9
GO:0016441 posttranscriptional gene silencing The inactivation of gene expression by a posttranscriptional mechanism. 8
GO:0035194 posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA Any process of posttranscriptional gene inactivation (silencing) mediated by small RNA molecules that may trigger mRNA degradation or negatively regulate translation. 7
GO:0080111 DNA demethylation The removal of a methyl group from one or more nucleotides within an DNA molecule. 7
GO:0031939 negative regulation of chromatin silencing at telomere Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin silencing at telomeres. 6
GO:0035279 mRNA cleavage involved in gene silencing by miRNA The process in which microRNAs (miRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA will typically direct cleavage by base pairing with near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA. Many plant miRNAs downregulate gene expression through this mechanism. 5
GO:0035280 miRNA loading onto RISC involved in gene silencing by miRNA The transfer of a microRNA (miRNA) strand from a miRNA:miRNA duplex onto the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). 5
GO:0010424 DNA methylation on cytosine within a CG sequence The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 or N-4 of a cytosine located within a CG sequence in a DNA molecule. 3
GO:0090116 C-5 methylation of cytosine The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine in a DNA molecule. 3
GO:0030423 targeting of mRNA for destruction involved in RNA interference The process in which small interfering RNAs target cognate mRNA molecules for degradation. 3
GO:0060816 random inactivation of X chromosome Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on either the paternal or maternal X-chromosome in the XX sex. 2
GO:0000183 chromatin silencing at rDNA Repression of transcription of ribosomal DNA by altering the structure of chromatin. 2
GO:0048096 chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription Maintenance of transcription by remodelling of chromatin into an 'open configuration'. Once established, this regulation is mitotically stable and is maintained over many cell divisions. It is also heritable. 2
GO:0010425 DNA methylation on cytosine within a CNG sequence The covalent transfer of a methyl group, to C-5 or N-4, of a cytosine located within a CNG sequence in a DNA molecule. N stands for any nucleotide. 2
GO:0032776 DNA methylation on cytosine The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 or N-4 of cytosine in a DNA molecule. 2
GO:0010599 production of lsiRNA involved in RNA interference Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form lsiRNA (long small interfering RNA), a class of siRNAs 30 to 40 nt in length. lsiRNAs are induced by pathogen infection or under specific growth conditions. 2
GO:0035511 oxidative DNA demethylation Removal of the methyl group from one or more nucleotides within a DNA molecule involving the oxidation (i.e. electron loss) of one or more atoms. 2
GO:0070919 production of siRNA involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of chromatin silencing by small RNA. 2
GO:0031936 negative regulation of chromatin silencing Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin silencing. 1
GO:0035087 siRNA loading onto RISC involved in RNA interference The transfer of small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) from the Dicer family of enzymes that cleave the double-stranded RNA, onto the nuclease-containing RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC), in the context of RNA interference. 1
GO:0043046 DNA methylation involved in gamete generation The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine that contributes to the establishment of DNA methylation patterns in the gamete. 1
GO:0006343 establishment of chromatin silencing The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin. 1
GO:0045814 negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic Any epigenetic process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of gene expression. 1