Go terms map to parent GO term: GO:0005737   other cytoplasm
GOID
Link to GO
 Functional Category Description Protein Count
link to
protein list
GO:0005829 cytosol The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. 2069
GO:0005739 mitochondrion A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. 1083
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions. 737
GO:0044444 cytoplasmic part Any constituent part of the cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. 658
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). 515
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. 513
GO:0005811 lipid particle Any particle of coalesced lipids in the cytoplasm of a cell. May include associated proteins. 510
GO:0005938 cell cortex The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. 204
GO:0030018 Z disc Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. 200
GO:0005768 endosome A membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. 181
GO:0005773 vacuole A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. 145
GO:0031672 A band The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. 127
GO:0005777 peroxisome A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism. 116
GO:0016023 cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle A membrane-bounded vesicle found in the cytoplasm of the cell. 102
GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle A vesicle formed of membrane or protein, found in the cytoplasm of a cell. 92
GO:0045179 apical cortex The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane on the apical edge of a cell. 78
GO:0043186 P granule A small cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregates in the primordial germ cells of many higher eukaryotes. 72
GO:0030017 sarcomere The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. 71
GO:0045169 fusome A large intracellular spectrin-rich structure that has been found in insect germline cells and mammalian hematopoietic cells. The fusome is an elongated, branched structure, formed from the spherical spectrosome organelle. 70
GO:0055120 striated muscle dense body A vinculin-containing myofibril attachment structure of striated muscle that connects sarcomeres to the extracellular matrix. In nematode body wall muscle, the dense body performs the dual role of Z-disk and costamere. 69
GO:0031674 I band A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. 62
GO:0000932 cytoplasmic mRNA processing body A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. mRNA processing and binding proteins are localized to these foci. 62
GO:0005814 centriole A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle. 62
GO:0005826 actomyosin contractile ring A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells. In animal cells, the contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In budding fungal cells, e.g. mitotic S. cerevisiae cells, the contractile ring forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck before mitosis. 60
GO:0005840 ribosome An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. 58
GO:0010494 cytoplasmic stress granule A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. 54
GO:0005881 cytoplasmic microtubule Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell. 52
GO:0005793 endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment A complex system of membrane-bounded compartments located between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, with a distinctive membrane protein composition; involved in ER-to-Golgi transport. 51
GO:0005865 striated muscle thin filament Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils. 51
GO:0031430 M band The midline of aligned thick filaments in a sarcomere; location of specific proteins that link thick filaments. Depending on muscle type the M band consists of different numbers of M lines. 47
GO:0000235 astral microtubule Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell. 46
GO:0005859 muscle myosin complex A filament of myosin found in a muscle cell of any type. 43
GO:0035085 cilium axoneme The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements. 41
GO:0009524 phragmoplast Fibrous structure (light microscope view) that arises between the daughter nuclei at telophase and within which the initial partition (cell plate), dividing the mother cell in two (cytokinesis), is formed. Appears at first as a spindle connected to the two nuclei, but later spreads laterally in the form of a ring. Consists of microtubules. 41
GO:0032839 dendrite cytoplasm All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane. 39
GO:0009536 plastid Any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. Plant plastids develop from a common type, the proplastid. 37
GO:0030864 cortical actin cytoskeleton The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. 33
GO:0051285 cell cortex of cell tip The region directly beneath the plasma membrane at the cell tip. The cell tip is the region at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell. 29
GO:0030479 actin cortical patch A discrete actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane in cells, at sites of endocytosis; formed of networks of branched actin filaments that lie just beneath the plasma membrane and assemble, move, and disassemble rapidly. An example of this is the actin cortical patch found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 27
GO:0005863 striated muscle myosin thick filament Bipolar filaments formed of polymers of a muscle-specific myosin II isoform, found in the middle of sarcomeres in myofibrils. 26
GO:0000407 pre-autophagosomal structure A punctate structure localized in the vicinity of the vacuole that is required for the formation of autophagosomes. 24
GO:0009504 cell plate The nascent cell membrane and cell wall structure that forms between two daughter nuclei near the center of a dividing plant cell. It develops at the equitorial region of the phragmoplast. It grows outwards to join with the lateral walls and form two daughter cells. 23
GO:0030863 cortical cytoskeleton The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. 22
GO:0033391 chromatoid body A ribonucleoprotein complex found in the cytoplasm of male germ cells, composed of exceedingly thin filaments that are consolidated into a compact mass or into dense strands of varying thickness that branch to form an irregular network. Contains mRNAs, miRNAs, and protein components involved in miRNA processing (such as Argonaute proteins and the endonuclease Dicer) and in RNA decay (such as the decapping enzyme DCP1a and GW182). 21
GO:0005868 cytoplasmic dynein complex Any dynein complex that catalyzes movement along a cytoplasmic microtubule; cytoplasmic dynein complexes participates in many transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes,and may include light chains and light intermediate chains. 20
GO:0031201 SNARE complex A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25. 20
GO:0043034 costamere Regular periodic sub membranous arrays of vinculin in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells, these arrays link Z-discs to the sarcolemma and are associated with links to extracellular matrix. 19
GO:0000164 protein phosphatase type 1 complex A protein complex that possesses magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) activity, and consists of a catalytic subunit and one or more regulatory subunits that dictates the phosphatase's substrate specificity, function, and activity. 19
GO:0044448 cell cortex part Any constituent part of the cell cortex, the region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. 19
GO:0005852 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. 18
GO:0000145 exocyst A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals. 18
GO:0043292 contractile fiber Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. 17
GO:0030485 smooth muscle contractile fiber The contractile fiber of smooth muscle cells. 17
GO:0030016 myofibril The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. 15
GO:0042587 glycogen granule Cytoplasmic bead-like structures of animal cells, visible by electron microscope. Each granule is a functional unit with the biosynthesis and catabolism of glycogen being catalyzed by enzymes bound to the granule surface. 15
GO:0034451 centriolar satellite A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; centriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome. 15
GO:0031097 medial cortex A medial cortical band overlaying the nucleus which acts as a landmark for contractile ring positioning and plays a role in cell cycle regulation. 14
GO:0000142 cellular bud neck contractile ring A contractile ring, i.e. a cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin, that forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck in mitotic cells that divide by budding in preparation for completing cytokinesis. An example of this structure is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 14
GO:0000242 pericentriolar material A network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles in cells; contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome. 12
GO:0005940 septin ring A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane at the site of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament-forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. This type of septin structure is observed at the bud neck of budding fungal cells, at the site of cell division in animal cells, at the junction between the mother cell and a pseudohyphal projection, and also within hyphae of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form. 12
GO:0000177 cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex) Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the cytoplasm. 10
GO:0005861 troponin complex A complex of accessory proteins (typically troponin T, troponin I and troponin C) found associated with actin in muscle thin filaments; involved in calcium regulation of muscle contraction. 10
GO:0005823 central plaque of spindle pole body One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the central plaque is embedded in the nuclear envelope. 10
GO:0010005 cortical microtubule, transverse to long axis Arrays of microtubules underlying and connected to the plasma membrane, in the cortical cytosol, oriented mainly with their axes transverse to the long axis of the cell (and root in plants). In plants it influences the direction of cellulose microfibril deposition. 9
GO:0032168 hyphal septin ring A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane within hyphae of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form; composed of septins as well as septin-associated proteins. 9
GO:0030478 actin cap Polarized accumulation of cytoskeletal proteins (including F-actin) and regulatory proteins in a cell. An example of this is the actin cap found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 9
GO:0009574 preprophase band A dense band of microtubules, 1-3 pm wide, that appears just beneath the cell membrane before the start of cell division in the cells of higher plants. It precedes the onset of prophase and then disappears as mitosis begins, yet it somehow determines the plane of orientation of the new cell plate forming in late telophase and marks the zone of the parental cell wall where fusion with the growing cell plate ultimately occurs. 8
GO:0043614 multi-eIF complex A multifactor complex composed of multiple translation initiation factors and the initiatior tRNAiMet, which is ready to bind to the small (40S) ribosome to form the 43S preinitiation complex. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is composed of eIF1, eIF2, eIF3, and eIF5. 8
GO:0030314 junctional membrane complex Complex formed in muscle cells between the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and invaginations of the plasma membrane (T-tubules). 8
GO:0033116 endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment system. 8
GO:0030117 membrane coat Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. 8
GO:0016281 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex is composed of eIF4E, eIF4A and eIF4G; it is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of the 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of the mRNA to the ribosome. 8
GO:0030123 AP-3 adaptor complex A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. AP-3 does not appear to associate with clathrin in all organisms. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B). 7
GO:0000930 gamma-tubulin complex A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species. 7
GO:0032437 cuticular plate A dense network of actin filaments found beneath the apical cell surface of hair cells, and into which stereocilia are inserted. 7
GO:0031105 septin complex Any of several heterooligomeric complexes containing multiple septins. 7
GO:0005971 ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex An enzyme complex composed of 2-4 or more subunits, which usually contains nonheme iron and requires ATP for catalysis. Catalyzes the formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate from ribonucleoside diphosphate, using either thioredoxin disulfide or glutaredoxin disulfide as an acceptor. 7
GO:0031562 hyphal tip polarisome Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the tip of a growing fungal hypha. 7
GO:0030891 VCB complex A protein complex that possesses ubiquitin ligase activity; the complex is usually pentameric; for example, in mammals the subunits are pVHL, elongin B, elongin C, cullin-2 (Cul2), and Rbx1. 6
GO:0031209 SCAR complex A heterotetrameric complex that includes orthologues of human PIR121, Nap125 and HSPC300 and regulates actin polymerization and/or depolymerization through small GTPase mediated signal transduction. 6
GO:0045495 pole plasm Differentiated cytoplasm associated with a pole (animal, vegetal, anterior, or posterior) of an oocyte, egg or early embryo. 6
GO:0016528 sarcoplasm The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 6
GO:0071521 Cdc42 GTPase complex A protein complex formed by the association of the small GTPase Cdc42 with additional proteins. In Schizosaccharomyces the complex contains the Cdc42, Ras1, Scd1, Scd2, andShk1 proteins, and functions in the Ras1-Scd GTPase signalling pathway. 6
GO:0045254 pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). 6
GO:0034045 pre-autophagosomal structure membrane A cellular membrane associated with the pre-autophagosomal structure. 6
GO:0005825 half bridge of spindle pole body Structure adjacent to the plaques of the spindle pole body. 5
GO:0005786 signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting A ribonucleoprotein particle of 325 kDa composed of a 7S (300 nucleotide) RNA molecule and a complex of six different polypeptides. This binds both to the N-terminal signal peptide for proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum as they emerge from the large ribosomal subunit and also to the ribosome. This binding arrests further translation thereby preventing the proteins from being released into the cytosol. The SRP-ribosome complex then diffuses to the endoplasmic reticulum where it is bound to the signal recognition particle receptor, which allows resumption of protein synthesis and facilitates the passage of the growing polypeptide chain through the translocon. Through a process involving GTP hydrolysis, the SRP-SRP receptor complex dissociates and SRP returns to the cytosol. Of the six polypeptides of SRP the 54 kDa subunit (SRP54) is the central player. It contains an N-terminal GTPase domain and a C-terminal domain that binds directly to the signal peptide and the SRP RNA. Examples of this component are found in Mus musculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. 5
GO:0070044 synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a complex A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 1a (or orthologs thereof). 5
GO:0005851 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B complex A multisubunit guanine nucleotide exchange factor which catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF2 for GTP, generating active eIF2-GTP. In humans, it is composed of five subunits, alpha, beta, delta, gamma and epsilon. 5
GO:0071341 medial cortical node A protein complex that contains the mid1, cdr2, wee1, klp8, and blt1 proteins, and is involved in contractile ring localization. Medial cortical node complexes appear as cortical dots in the middle of the cell during interphase, and function to recruit other ring components in early mitosis. 5
GO:0044449 contractile fiber part Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. 5
GO:0055028 cortical microtubule Arrays of microtubules underlying and connected to the plasma membrane in the cortical cytosol. 5
GO:0070033 synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin II complex A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin II (or orthologs thereof). 5
GO:0031673 H zone A relatively pale zone traversing the center of the A band of a sarcomere, visible in relaxed muscle fibers; consists of the central portion of thick (myosin) filaments that are not overlapped by thin (actin) filaments. 5
GO:0000308 cytoplasmic cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex Cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) complex found in the cytoplasm. 5
GO:0018444 translation release factor complex A heterodimeric complex involved in the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome. 5
GO:0000144 cellular bud neck septin ring A ring-shaped structure that forms at the site of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. In S. cerevisiae, this structure forms at the time of bud emergence and the septins show a high rate of exchange. 5
GO:0032019 mitochondrial cloud A prominent mass in the cytoplasm of previtellogenic oocytes. The cloud contains both mitochondria and electron-dense granulofibrillar material (GFM) and is the source of germinal granule material. 5
GO:0070937 CRD-mediated mRNA stability complex A protein complex that binds to, and promotes stabilization of, mRNA molecules containing the coding region instability determinant (CRD). In human, IGF2BP1 and at least four additional proteins: HNRNPU, SYNCRIP, YBX1, and DHX9. 5
GO:0008091 spectrin Membrane associated dimeric protein (240 and 220 kDa) of erythrocytes. Forms a complex with ankyrin, actin and probably other components of the membrane cytoskeleton, so that there is a mesh of proteins underlying the plasma membrane, potentially restricting the lateral mobility of integral proteins. 5
GO:0071203 WASH complex A protein complex that localizes at the surface of endosomes, where it recruits and activates the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization. In human, the WASH complex is composed of F-actin-capping protein subunits alpha and beta, WASH1, FAM21, KIAA1033, KIAA0196 and CCDC53. 5
GO:0048788 presynaptic cytoskeletal matrix assembled at active zones The specialized cytoskeletal matrix assembled at the active zones of the presynaptic nerve terminal. The cytoskeletal matrix is a proteinaceous structure involved in organizing synaptic events such as immobilisation or translocation of synaptic vesicles, and assembling active zone components. The cytomatrix protein exclusively assembled at active zones, is thought to form a molecular scaffold that organizes neurotransmitter release sites. 5
GO:0071547 piP-body A P granule that contains the PIWIL4-TDRD9 module, a set of proteins that act in the secondary piRNA pathway. 4
GO:0045239 tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex Any of the heteromeric enzymes that act in the TCA cycle. 4
GO:0009317 acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex A protein complex that catalyzes the first step in long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. For example, in E. coli the complex is heterohexameric and composed of biotin carbonyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and the acetate CoA-transferase complex. 4
GO:0097014 cilium cytoplasm All of the contents of a cilium, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the cilium. 4
GO:0070032 synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin I (or orthologs thereof). 4
GO:0030877 beta-catenin destruction complex A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome. 4
GO:0071540 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex, eIF3e An eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex that contains the PCI-domain protein eIF3e. 3
GO:0042151 nematocyst An organelle found in cnidoblast (nematoblast) cells. When matured, these stinging organelles store toxins and can deliver them when the cnidocil (a short extension of the cnidocyst) is stimulated by a prey or another stimulus. 3
GO:0009329 acetate CoA-transferase complex A heterotetrameric enzyme complex made up of two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. Part of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex. Catalyzes the transfer of a carboxyl group to form malonyl-CoA. 3
GO:0042718 yolk granule Discrete structures that partition the water-insoluble portion of the yolk of oocytes and ova, which may or may not be membrane enclosed. 3
GO:0008274 gamma-tubulin ring complex A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins that forms a flexible open ring structure thought to be the unit of nucleation at the minus end of a microtubule. 3
GO:0030118 clathrin coat A membrane coat found on coated pits and some coated vesicles; consists of polymerized clathrin triskelions, each comprising three clathrin heavy chains and three clathrin light chains, linked to the membrane via one of the AP adaptor complexes. 3
GO:0005862 muscle thin filament tropomyosin A form of the tropomyosin dimer found associated with actin and the troponin complex in muscle thin filaments. 3
GO:0071546 pi-body A P granule that contains the PIWIL2-TDRD1 module, a set of proteins that act in the primary piRNA pathway. The pi-body corresponds to the cementing material between mitochondria found in gonocytes. 3
GO:0045250 cytosolic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Usually contains fewer subunits than its eukaryotic counterpart; for example, the E. coli complex contains 12 E1 dimers, 8 E2 trimers, and 6 E3 dimers arranged in highly symmetric cubic order. 3
GO:0005964 phosphorylase kinase complex An enzyme complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphorylase b to form phosphorylase a. 3
GO:0071541 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex, eIF3m An eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex that contains the PCI-domain protein eIF3m. 3
GO:0030132 clathrin coat of coated pit The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex. 3
GO:0009346 citrate lyase complex Citrate lyase is a multienzyme complex with three constituents: the alpha subunit, citrate-ACP transferase; the beta subunit, citryl-ACP lyase; and the gamma subunit, an acyl-carrier protein which also carries the prosthetic group components. All three subunits are required for citrate lyase enzyme activity. 3
GO:0045170 spectrosome A germline specific spherical organelle, rich in membrane skeletal proteins. Precursor to the fusome. 3
GO:0071439 clathrin complex A protein complex that consists of three clathrin heavy chains and three clathrin light chains, organized into a symmetrical three-legged structure called a triskelion. In clathrin-coated vesicles clathrin is the main component of the coat and forms a polymeric mechanical scaffold on the vesicle surface. 3
GO:0031680 G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex The heterodimer formed by the beta and gamma subunits of a heterotrimeric G protein, which dissociates from the alpha subunit upon guanine nuclotide exchange. 2
GO:0005960 glycine cleavage complex A protein complex that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of glycine. In E. coli, it has four components: dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), lipoyl-GcvH-protein and aminomethyltransferase, also known as L, P, H, and T. 2
GO:0031415 NatA complex A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to an N-terminal Ser, Ala, Gly, or Thr residue of a protein acceptor molecule. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Nat1p and Ard1p, and may contain additional proteins. 2
GO:0008275 gamma-tubulin small complex A complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules and two conserved non-tubulin proteins. Some gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex. 2
GO:0030119 AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa). 2
GO:0030131 clathrin adaptor complex A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane. 2
GO:0071598 neuronal ribonucleoprotein granule A ribonucleoprotein complex that is found in the cytoplasm of axons and dendrites, and transports translationally silenced mRNAs to dendritic synapses, where they are released and translated in response to specific exogenous stimuli. 2
GO:0055087 Ski complex A protein complex that regulates RNA degradation by the exosome complex. In Saccharomyces the complex has a heterotetrameric stoichiometry consisting of one copy each of Ski2p and Ski3 and two copies of Ski8p. 2
GO:0016282 eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex A protein complex composed of the 40S ribosomal subunit plus eIF1A, eIF3, and eIF2-GTP-bound methionyl-initiator methionine tRNA. 2
GO:0005853 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma. 2
GO:0071212 subsynaptic reticulum An elaborate tubulolamellar membrane system that underlies the postsynaptic cell membrane. 2
GO:0045180 basal cortex The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane on the basal edge of a cell. 2
GO:0005850 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex Complex of three heterogeneous polypeptide chains, that form a ternary complex with initiator methionyl-tRNA and GTP. This ternary complex binds to free 40S subunit, which subsequently binds the 5' end of mRNA. 2
GO:0043527 tRNA methyltransferase complex A multimeric protein complex involved in the methylation of specific nucleotides in tRNA. 1
GO:0005965 protein farnesyltransferase complex A protein complex that possesses protein farnesyltransferase activity. 1
GO:0008352 katanin complex A complex possessing an activity that couples ATP hydrolysis to the severing of microtubules; usually a heterodimer comprising a catalytic subunit (often 60kDa) and a regulatory subunit (often 80 kDa). 1
GO:0009331 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to form glycerone phosphate. 1
GO:0009376 HslUV protease complex A protein complex that possesses ATP-dependent protease activity; consists of an ATPase large subunit with homology to other Clp family ATPases and a peptidase small subunit related to the proteasomal beta-subunits of eukaryotes. In the E. coli complex, six identical subunits of both the ATPase, ClpY, and the protease, ClpQ, self-assemble into an oligomeric ring, and two rings of each subunit, two ClpQ rings surrounded by single ClpY rings, form a dumbbell-shaped complex. 1
GO:0071254 cytoplasmic U snRNP body A ribonucleoprotein complex that can be visualized as a focus in the cytoplasm, and contains uridine-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U snRNPs) and essential snRNP assembly factors. These U bodies are invariably found in association with P bodies. 1
GO:0009336 sulfate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP) An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation adenylylsulfate from sulfate and ATP. 1
GO:0043265 ectoplasm Granule free cytoplasm, lying immediately below the plasma membrane. 1
GO:0009328 phenylalanine-tRNA ligase complex An enzyme complex that catalyzes the ligation of phenylalanine to tRNA(Phe), forming L-phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe). 1
GO:0036379 myofilament Any of the smallest contractile units of a myofibril (striated muscle fiber). 1
GO:0071513 phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase complex A protein complex that catalyzes decarboxylation of 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine to yield 4'-phosphopantetheine; this is the third step in the biosynthesis of Coenzyme A. The complex is homotrimeric in many eukaryotes, but is a heterotrimer in Saccharomyces. 1
GO:0070695 FHF complex A protein complex that is composed of AKTIP/FTS, FAM160A2/p107FHIP, and one or more members of the Hook family of proteins, HOOK1, HOOK2, and HOOK3. The complex is thought to promote vesicle trafficking and/or fusion, and associates with the homotypic vesicular sorting complex (the HOPS complex). 1
GO:0009361 succinate-CoA ligase complex (ADP-forming) A heterodimeric enzyme complex, composed of an alpha and beta chain, most usually found in (but not limited to) bacteria. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming ATP. 1
GO:0031416 NatB complex A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to the N-terminal residue of a protein acceptor molecule that has a Met-Glu, Met-Asp, Met-Asn, or Met-Met N-terminus. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Nat3p and Mdm20p. 1
GO:0034973 Sid2-Mob1 complex A protein complex that contains a protein kinase (Sid2 in S. pombe) and its regulatory subunit (Mob1). The Sid2p-Mob1p kinase complex is a component of the septation initiation network in fission yeast (called the mitotic exit network in S. cerevisiae) and is required for cytokinesis. The analogous complex in S. cerevisiae is called Dbf2p-Mob1p complex. 1
GO:0005854 nascent polypeptide-associated complex A heterodimeric protein complex that can reversibly bind to ribosomes, and is located in direct proximity to newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome. 1
GO:0009333 cysteine synthase complex Cysteine synthase is a multienzyme complex made up, in E. coli, of the heteromeric hexamer serine acetyltransferase and the homodimer O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase A. 1
GO:0044433 cytoplasmic vesicle part Any constituent part of cytoplasmic vesicle, a vesicle formed of membrane or protein, found in the cytoplasm of a cell. 1
GO:0031592 centrosomal corona An amorphous structure surrounding the core of the centrosome, from which microtubules are nucleated; contains gamma-tubulin. 1
GO:0033291 eukaryotic 80S initiation complex A protein complex composed of the large and small ribosomal subunits, methionyl-initiatior tRNA, and the capped mRNA. The initiator tRNA is positioned at the ribosomal P site at the AUG codon corresponding to the beginning of the coding region. 1
GO:0030981 cortical microtubule cytoskeleton The portion of the microtubule cytoskeleton that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. 1
GO:0034750 Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex A protein complex that contains the Scribble protein (a cell polarity determinant), the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and beta-catenin; may be involved in the control of cell proliferation. 1