Go terms map to parent GO term: GO:0009056   catabolic process
GOID
Link to GO
 Functional Category Description Protein Count
link to
protein list
GO:0031145 anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by the anaphase-promoting complex, and mediated by the proteasome. 59
GO:1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. 55
GO:0043161 proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. 55
GO:0044248 cellular catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. 52
GO:0006096 glycolysis The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle. 50
GO:0006511 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein. 44
GO:0042787 protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein. 41
GO:0030433 ER-associated protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proteins transported from the endoplasmic reticulum and targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation. This process acts on misfolded proteins as well as in the regulated degradation of correctly folded proteins. 38
GO:0030163 protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. 37
GO:0010498 proteasomal protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. 30
GO:0010499 proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. 25
GO:0006007 glucose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. 25
GO:0006635 fatty acid beta-oxidation A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). 25
GO:0042744 hydrogen peroxide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). 25
GO:0006914 autophagy The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. 19
GO:1901361 organic cyclic compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic cyclic compound. 18
GO:0016042 lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. 17
GO:0019439 aromatic compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring. 15
GO:0008054 cyclin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclins, proteins whose levels in a cell varies markedly during the cell cycle, and which play key roles in regulating cell cycle phase transitions. 14
GO:0042738 exogenous drug catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a drug that has originated externally to the cell or organism. 13
GO:0032801 receptor catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. 13
GO:0033539 fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway in which the initial step of each oxidation cycle, which converts an acyl-CoA to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; the electrons removed by oxidation pass through the respiratory chain to oxygen and leave H2O as the product. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). 13
GO:0016236 macroautophagy The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure, which then fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole) releasing a single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies which are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded. 12
GO:0000045 autophagic vacuole assembly The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm. 12
GO:0010815 bradykinin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide bradykinin. 12
GO:0006098 pentose-phosphate shunt The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses. 12
GO:0043171 peptide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. 12
GO:0046855 inositol phosphate dephosphorylation The process of removing a phosphate group from any mono- or polyphosphorylated inositol. 11
GO:0019433 triglyceride catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. 11
GO:0005980 glycogen catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. 11
GO:0030579 ubiquitin-dependent SMAD protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of SMAD signaling proteins by ubiquitination and targeting to the proteasome. 11
GO:0006032 chitin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues. 10
GO:0006212 uracil catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, one of the pyrimidine bases occurring in RNA, but not in DNA. 10
GO:0006210 thymine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base. 10
GO:0009407 toxin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism. 8
GO:0051603 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells. 8
GO:0046503 glycerolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerolipids, any lipid with a glycerol backbone. 8
GO:0046461 neutral lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity. 8
GO:0046395 carboxylic acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups. 8
GO:0006540 glutamate decarboxylation to succinate The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of succinate from glutamate. Also known as GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate) shunt since it channels glutamate into the TCA cycle bypassing two steps of that cycle. There are three enzymes involved in the GABA shunt: glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA aminotransferase (GABA-TA), and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). These three enzymes acting in concert to convert glutamate into succinate. The GABA shunt is predominantly associated with neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. It is also present in nonneuronal cells, in plants, in unicellular eukaryotes, and in prokaryotes. 7
GO:0044265 cellular macromolecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any large molecule including proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, as carried out by individual cells. 7
GO:0031146 SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by an SCF (Skp1/Cul1/F-box protein) complex, and mediated by the proteasome. 7
GO:0006527 arginine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid. 7
GO:0009395 phospholipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. 7
GO:0006552 leucine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid. 7
GO:0009052 pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch The branch of the pentose-phosphate shunt which does not involve oxidation reactions. It comprises a series of sugar phosphate interconversions, starting with ribulose 5-P and producing fructose 6-P and glyceraldehyde 3-P. 6
GO:0006515 misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded or attenuated proteins. 6
GO:0071712 ER-associated misfolded protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins transported from the endoplasmic reticulum and targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation. 6
GO:0071630 nucleus-associated proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins via a mechanism in which the proteins are transported to the nucleus for ubiquitination, and then targeted to proteasomes for degradation. 6
GO:0006574 valine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid. 6
GO:0009063 cellular amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. 6
GO:0000046 autophagic vacuole fusion The fusion of an autophagic vacuole with a vacuole (yeast) or lysosome (e.g. mammals and insects). In the case of yeast, inner membrane-bounded structures (autophagic bodies) appear in the vacuole. 6
GO:0042178 xenobiotic catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to living organisms. Used of chemical compounds, e.g. a xenobiotic chemical, such as a pesticide. 6
GO:0006533 aspartate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid. 6
GO:0043328 protein targeting to vacuole involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the multivesicular body sorting pathway The process of directing proteins towards the vacuole using signals contained within the protein, occurring that contributes to protein catabolism via the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway. 6
GO:0019243 methylglyoxal catabolic process to D-lactate The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step. 6
GO:0046359 butyrate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid. 5
GO:1901606 alpha-amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an alpha-amino acid. 5
GO:0006043 glucosamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin. 5
GO:0034655 nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. 5
GO:0009822 alkaloid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases). 5
GO:0019551 glutamate catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate. 5
GO:0019477 L-lysine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid. 5
GO:0046196 4-nitrophenol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrophenol, a nitroaromatic compound which is used in the production of dyes, leather treatment agents, fungicides and as an intermediate in the production of the insecticide parathion. 5
GO:0034727 piecemeal microautophagy of nucleus Degradation of a cell nucleus by microautophagy. 5
GO:0009062 fatty acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. 5
GO:0046164 alcohol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. 5
GO:0009450 gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms. 5
GO:0042760 very long-chain fatty acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid which has a chain length greater than C22. 5
GO:0009083 branched-chain amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids containing a branched carbon skeleton, comprising isoleucine, leucine and valine. 5
GO:0019388 galactose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. 4
GO:0009436 glyoxylate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyoxylate, the anion of glyoxylic acid, HOC-COOH. 4
GO:0043458 ethanol biosynthetic process involved in glucose fermentation to ethanol The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, as part of the process of glucose catabolism to ethanol, CO2 and ATP. 4
GO:0006706 steroid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus. 4
GO:1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organonitrogen compound. 4
GO:0005993 trehalose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi. 4
GO:0019626 short-chain fatty acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6. 4
GO:0046701 insecticide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insecticides, chemicals used to kill insects. 4
GO:0010813 neuropeptide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of neuropeptides. Neuropeptides are signaling peptides that travel across a synaptic junction. 4
GO:0010814 substance P catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the neuropeptide substance P. 4
GO:0006598 polyamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups. 4
GO:0019301 rhamnose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose. 4
GO:0019484 beta-alanine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins. 4
GO:0019550 glutamate catabolic process to aspartate The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including aspartate. 4
GO:0010816 calcitonin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide calcitonin. 4
GO:0034517 ribophagy The process in which cells degrade mature ribosomes under conditions of starvation. 3
GO:0000422 mitochondrion degradation The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions. 3
GO:0006713 glucocorticoid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. 3
GO:0006068 ethanol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, a colorless, water-miscible, flammable liquid produced by alcoholic fermentation. 3
GO:0016237 microautophagy The transfer of cytosolic components into the lysosomal compartment by direct invagination of the lysosomal membrane without prior sequestration into an autophagosome. The engulfing membranes fuse, resulting in the lysosomal delivery of the cargo wrapped in a single membrane derived from the invaginated lysosomal membrane. In S. cerevisiae, the vacuole is the lysosomal compartment. 3
GO:0019377 glycolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). 3
GO:0019608 nicotine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine. 3
GO:0042413 carnitine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane. 3
GO:0071629 cytoplasm-associated proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins in the cytoplasm, which are targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation. 3
GO:0019452 L-cysteine catabolic process to taurine The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including taurine. 3
GO:0043162 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the multivesicular body sorting pathway The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide covalently tagged with ubiquitin, via the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting pathway; ubiquitin-tagged proteins are sorted into MVBs, and delivered to a lysosome/vacuole for degradation. 3
GO:0009051 pentose-phosphate shunt, oxidative branch The branch of the pentose-phosphate shunt which involves the oxidation of glucose 6-P and produces ribulose 5-P, reduced NADP+ and carbon dioxide (CO2). 3
GO:0006565 L-serine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid. 3
GO:0006145 purine nucleobase catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine. 3
GO:0005998 xylulose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose. 3
GO:0006559 L-phenylalanine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid. 3
GO:0019320 hexose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. 3
GO:0019478 D-amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids. 3
GO:0006554 lysine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid. 3
GO:0009251 glucan catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues. 3
GO:0006719 juvenile hormone catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis. 3
GO:0046700 heterocycle catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). 3
GO:0019441 tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including kynurenine. 3
GO:0070980 biphenyl catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). 3
GO:0046464 acylglycerol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acylglycerol, any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids. 3
GO:0046352 disaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of disaccharides, sugars composed of two monosaccharide units. 3
GO:0072671 mitochondria-associated protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proteins transported from mitochondria and targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation as a response to oxidative stress conditions. 3
GO:0046185 aldehyde catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O. 3
GO:0051793 medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12. 3
GO:0006581 acetylcholine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. 3
GO:0006027 glycosaminoglycan catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosaminoglycans, any one of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. 3
GO:0006711 estrogen catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants. 3
GO:0046226 coumarin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coumarins, compounds derived from the phenylacrylic skeleton of cinnamic acids. 3
GO:0006543 glutamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid. 3
GO:0019481 L-alanine catabolic process, by transamination The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-alanine by transamination. 3
GO:0002084 protein depalmitoylation The removal of palymitoyl groups from a lipoprotein. 2
GO:0006569 tryptophan catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid. 2
GO:0001561 fatty acid alpha-oxidation A metabolic pathway by which 3-methyl branched fatty acids are degraded. These compounds are not degraded by the normal peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, because the 3-methyl blocks the dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. The 3-methyl branched fatty acid is converted in several steps to pristenic acid, which can then feed into the beta-oxidative pathway. 2
GO:0019544 arginine catabolic process to glutamate The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including glutamate. 2
GO:0019448 L-cysteine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid. 2
GO:0051160 L-xylitol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group. 2
GO:0006689 ganglioside catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ganglioside, a ceramide oligosaccharide carrying, in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic residues. 2
GO:0019570 L-arabinose catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate. 2
GO:0007174 epidermal growth factor catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of epidermal growth factor (EGF), following internalization of the receptor-bound ligand into the signal-receiving cell. Full breakdown of epidermal growth factor results in a ligand that is unable to bind and activate its receptor. 2
GO:0000098 sulfur amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, methionine and selenocysteine. 2
GO:0044242 cellular lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, as carried out by individual cells. 2
GO:0044282 small molecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule. 2
GO:0046232 carbazole catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbazole, a heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a dibenzopyrrole system that is produced during coal gasification and is present in cigarette smoke. Coal tar produced at high temperature contains an average of 1.5% carbazole. It is used widely in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics and is a suspected carcinogen. 2
GO:0042426 choline catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. 2
GO:0006707 cholesterol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. 2
GO:0019442 tryptophan catabolic process to acetyl-CoA The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA. 2
GO:0046952 ketone body catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Ketone bodies can be used as an energy source as an alternative to glucose. Utilization of ketone bodies in peripheral tissues involves conversion of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA, which is then converted to two molecules of acetyl-CoA. 2
GO:0042820 vitamin B6 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of the vitamin B6 compounds; pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate. 2
GO:0010620 negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor catabolism Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves the catabolism of a sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. 2
GO:0019568 arabinose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabinose, arabino-pentose. 2
GO:0009115 xanthine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xanthine, 2,6-dihydroxypurine, a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but not present in nucleic acids. 2
GO:0000272 polysaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. 2
GO:0006062 sorbitol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group. 2
GO:0042843 D-xylose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide. 2
GO:0042838 D-glucarate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-glucarate, the D-enantiomer of glucarate. 2
GO:0019564 aerobic glycerol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen. 2
GO:0006026 aminoglycan catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages. 2
GO:0046514 ceramide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramides, any N-acetylated sphingoid. 2
GO:0071596 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the N-end rule pathway The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide covalently tagged with ubiquitin, via the N-end rule pathway. In the N-end rule pathway, destabilizing N-terminal residues (N-degrons) in substrates are recognized by E3 ligases (N-recognins), whereupon the substrates are linked to ubiquitin and then delivered to the proteasome for degradation. 2
GO:0016052 carbohydrate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. 2
GO:0019941 modification-dependent protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent modification of the target protein. 2
GO:0050983 deoxyhypusine biosynthetic process from spermidine The chemical reactions resulting in the formation of deoxyhypusine from spermidine by the enzyme [eIF-5A]-deoxyhypusine synthase. The reaction occurs in four steps: 1. spermidine + NAD+ = dehydrospermidine + NADH + H+; 2. dehydrospermidine + [enzyme]-lysine = 1,3-diaminopropane + [enzyme]-lysine-N6=CH(CH2)3NH2; 3. [enzyme]-lysine-N6=CH(CH2)3NH2 = [eIF-5A]-lysine-N6=CH(CH2)3NH2; 4. [eIF-5A]-lysine-N6=CH(CH2)3NH2 + NADH + H+ = [eIF-5A]-deoxyhypusine + NAD+. 2
GO:0034484 raffinose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. 2
GO:0033540 fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA oxidase A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway in which the initial step, which converts an acyl-CoA to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA oxidase; the electrons removed by oxidation pass directly to oxygen and produce hydrogen peroxide, which is cleaved by peroxisomal catalases. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). 2
GO:0019464 glycine decarboxylation via glycine cleavage system The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine by oxidative cleavage to carbon dioxide, ammonia, and a methylene group, mediated by enzymes of the glycine cleavage complex. 2
GO:0006046 N-acetylglucosamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein. 2
GO:0044257 cellular protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells. 2
GO:0051187 cofactor catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. 2
GO:0042167 heme catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring. 2
GO:0006516 glycoprotein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. 2
GO:0009087 methionine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins. 2
GO:0009057 macromolecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. 2
GO:0009258 10-formyltetrahydrofolate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate, the formylated derivative of tetrahydrofolate. 1
GO:0046475 glycerophospholipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue. 1
GO:0044254 multicellular organismal protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein in a multicellular organism, occurring at the tissue, organ, or organismal level. 1
GO:0034638 phosphatidylcholine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. 1
GO:0042182 ketone catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketones, a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups. 1
GO:0006680 glucosylceramide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group. 1
GO:0016488 farnesol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol. 1
GO:0042355 L-fucose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-fucose (6-deoxy-Lgalactose). 1
GO:0046365 monosaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. 1
GO:0006001 fructose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose. 1
GO:1901143 insulin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insulin. 1
GO:0033542 fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). 1
GO:0044275 cellular carbohydrate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells. 1
GO:0045733 acetate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, the anion of acetic acid. 1
GO:0009065 glutamine family amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline. 1
GO:0055130 D-alanine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-alanine, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid alanine. 1
GO:0019762 glucosinolate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosinolates, substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae. 1
GO:0030242 peroxisome degradation The process in which peroxisomes are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing nutrient conditions. 1
GO:0015996 chlorophyll catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, into less complex products. 1
GO:0019376 galactolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine. 1
GO:0042447 hormone catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. 1
GO:0000025 maltose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose). 1
GO:0042758 long-chain fatty acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of long-chain fatty acids, a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22. 1
GO:0042840 D-glucuronate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate. 1
GO:0007039 vacuolar protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein in the vacuole, usually by the action of vacuolar proteases. 1
GO:0046338 phosphatidylethanolamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. 1
GO:0044240 multicellular organismal lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, occurring at the tissue, organ, or organismal level of a multicellular organism. 1
GO:0030327 prenylated protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenylated proteins. 1
GO:0043418 homocysteine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid. 1
GO:0030149 sphingolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). 1
GO:0006546 glycine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid. 1
GO:0019563 glycerol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids. 1
GO:0030200 heparan sulfate proteoglycan catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans that have repeat units consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4) linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues, the former being a mixture of sulfated and nonsulfated D-glucuronic and L-iduronic acids, and the latter being either sulfated or acetylated on its amino group as well as sulfated on one of its hydroxyl groups. 1
GO:0008300 isoprenoid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues. 1
GO:0009093 cysteine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid. 1
GO:0042420 dopamine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. 1
GO:1901871 ecgonone methyl ester catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ecgonone methyl ester. 1
GO:0010304 PSII associated light-harvesting complex II catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one or more components of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II. 1
GO:0042867 pyruvate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate. 1
GO:0016095 polyprenol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans. 1
GO:0006789 bilirubin conjugation The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bilirubin monoglucuronide or bilirubin diglucuronide, water-soluble derivatives of bilirubin. 1
GO:0044247 cellular polysaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides, polymers of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically, as carried out by individual cells. 1
GO:0042183 formate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid. 1
GO:0016243 regulation of autophagic vacuole size Any process that modulates the size of the autophagic vacuole. 1
GO:0044273 sulfur compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione. 1
GO:0042376 phylloquinone catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phylloquinone, vitamin K1, a quinone-derived compound synthesized by green plants. 1
GO:0046168 glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol. 1
GO:0042737 drug catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. 1
GO:0005983 starch catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants. 1
GO:1901027 dextrin catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dextrin. 1
GO:0005987 sucrose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside. 1
GO:0046294 formaldehyde catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), the simplest aldehyde. 1
GO:1901868 ecgonine methyl ester catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ecgonine methyl ester. 1
GO:0042135 neurotransmitter catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. 1
GO:0043694 monoterpene catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monoterpenes, terpenes with a C10 structure. 1