Go terms map to parent GO term: GO:0051276   chromosome organization
GOID
Link to GO
 Functional Category Description Protein Count
link to
protein list
GO:0006338 chromatin remodeling Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation. 54
GO:0000070 mitotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets. 35
GO:0006334 nucleosome assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA. 31
GO:0043966 histone H3 acetylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group. 30
GO:0000723 telomere maintenance Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA. These processes includes those that shorten and lengthen the telomeric DNA sequences. 27
GO:0043967 histone H4 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group. 25
GO:0016575 histone deacetylation The modification of histones by removal of acetyl groups. 24
GO:0043984 histone H4-K16 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 16 of the histone. 20
GO:0043486 histone exchange The replacement, within chromatin, of resident histones or histone subunits with alternative, sometimes variant, histones or subunits. 20
GO:0043968 histone H2A acetylation The modification of histone H2A by the addition of an acetyl group. 19
GO:0043981 histone H4-K5 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 5 of the histone. 19
GO:0043982 histone H4-K8 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 8 of the histone. 19
GO:0035080 heat shock-mediated polytene chromosome puffing The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of heat shock genes on polytene chromosomes in response to a heat shock stimulus. 19
GO:0007076 mitotic chromosome condensation The cell cycle process in which chromatin structure is compacted prior to and during mitosis in eukaryotic cells. 18
GO:0016573 histone acetylation The modification of a histone by the addition of an acetyl group. 18
GO:0016572 histone phosphorylation The modification of histones by addition of phosphate groups. 17
GO:0051568 histone H3-K4 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 4 of the histone. 16
GO:0033523 histone H2B ubiquitination The modification of histone H2B by addition of ubiquitin groups. 15
GO:0010390 histone monoubiquitination The modification of histones by addition of a single ubiquitin group. 15
GO:0016584 nucleosome positioning Ordering of successions of nucleosomes into regular arrays so that nucleosomes are positioned at defined distances from one another. 15
GO:0042766 nucleosome mobilization The movement of nucleosomes along a DNA fragment. 14
GO:0030261 chromosome condensation The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells. 14
GO:0070194 synaptonemal complex disassembly The controlled breakdown of a synaptonemal complex. 12
GO:0016578 histone deubiquitination The modification of histones by removal of ubiquitin groups. 11
GO:0007062 sister chromatid cohesion The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are associated with each other. 11
GO:0016570 histone modification The covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a histone protein. 11
GO:0016571 histone methylation The modification of histones by addition of methyl groups. 10
GO:0006337 nucleosome disassembly The controlled breakdown of nucleosomes, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA. 10
GO:0034968 histone lysine methylation The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to a lysine residue. 9
GO:0070932 histone H3 deacetylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of one or more acetyl groups. 9
GO:0051382 kinetochore assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. 9
GO:0034080 CENP-A containing nucleosome assembly at centromere The formation of nucleosomes containing the histone H3 variant CenH3 (also called CENP-A) to form centromeric chromatin; occurs outside the context of DNA replication. 9
GO:0043983 histone H4-K12 acetylation The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 12 of the histone. 9
GO:0043044 ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin that require energy from the hydrolysis of ATP, ranging from local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation, mediated by ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling factors. 8
GO:0033522 histone H2A ubiquitination The modification of histone H2A by addition of one or more ubiquitin groups. 8
GO:0007080 mitotic metaphase plate congression The cell cycle process in which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the mitotic spindle, during mitosis. 8
GO:0051315 attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in mitotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during mitosis. During mitosis, the kinetochores of sister chromosomes are situated facing opposite spindle poles and bipolar attachment of the sister chromosomes to the spindle occurs. 8
GO:0031134 sister chromatid biorientation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids establish stable attachments to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles. 8
GO:0080182 histone H3-K4 trimethylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of three methyl groups to lysine at position 4 of the histone. 8
GO:0051383 kinetochore organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. 7
GO:0006325 chromatin organization Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin. 7
GO:0016576 histone dephosphorylation The modification of histones by removal of phosphate groups. 7
GO:0030717 karyosome formation The chromosome organization process in which meiotic chromosomes in the oocyte nucleus cluster together to form a compact spherical structure called the karyosome. 7
GO:0035408 histone H3-T6 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a threonine residue at position 6 of the histone. 6
GO:0007064 mitotic sister chromatid cohesion The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome, from their formation in S phase through metaphase during a mitotic cell cycle. This cohesion cycle is critical for high fidelity chromosome transmission. 6
GO:0006346 methylation-dependent chromatin silencing Repression of transcription by methylation of DNA, leading to the formation of heterochromatin. 6
GO:0000722 telomere maintenance via recombination Any recombinational process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length. 6
GO:0000819 sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. 6
GO:0016568 chromatin modification The alteration of DNA, protein, or sometimes RNA, in chromatin, which may result in changing the chromatin structure. 5
GO:0007129 synapsis The cell cycle process in which the side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of homologous chromosomes is created at the metaphase plate. 5
GO:0031508 centromeric heterochromatin assembly The assembly of chromatin into heterochromatin near the centromere. 5
GO:0006333 chromatin assembly or disassembly The formation or destruction of chromatin structures. 5
GO:0035518 histone H2A monoubiquitination The modification of histone H2A by addition of a single ubiquitin group. 5
GO:0032201 telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication The process in which telomeric DNA is synthesized semi-conservatively by the conventional replication machinery and telomeric accessory factors. 5
GO:0031497 chromatin assembly The assembly of DNA, histone proteins, other associated proteins, and sometimes RNA, into chromatin structure, beginning with the formation of the basic unit, the nucleosome, followed by organization of the nucleosomes into higher order structures, ultimately giving rise to a complex organization of specific domains within the nucleus. 4
GO:0051306 mitotic sister chromatid separation The process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis. 4
GO:0006336 DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly The formation of nucleosomes outside the context of DNA replication. 4
GO:0035407 histone H3-T11 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a threonine residue at position 11 of the histone. 4
GO:0007130 synaptonemal complex assembly The cell cycle process in which the synaptonemal complex is formed. This is a structure that holds paired chromosomes together during prophase I of meiosis and that promotes genetic recombination. 4
GO:0033169 histone H3-K9 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 9 of the histone. 4
GO:0006344 maintenance of chromatin silencing The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin. 4
GO:0043990 histone H2A-S1 phosphorylation The modification of histone H2A by the addition of an phosphate group to a serine residue at position 1 of the histone. 3
GO:0048096 chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription Maintenance of transcription by remodelling of chromatin into an 'open configuration'. Once established, this regulation is mitotically stable and is maintained over many cell divisions. It is also heritable. 3
GO:0006335 DNA replication-dependent nucleosome assembly The formation of nucleosomes on newly replicated DNA, coupled to strand elongation. 3
GO:0007004 telomere maintenance via telomerase The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. 3
GO:0010452 histone H3-K36 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 36 of the histone. 3
GO:0071733 transcriptional activation by promoter-enhancer looping The formation and maintenance of DNA loops that juxtapose the promoter and enhancer regions of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes and activate transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. 3
GO:0043985 histone H4-R3 methylation The modification of histone H4 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 3 of the histone. 3
GO:0043987 histone H3-S10 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a serine residue at position 10 of the histone. 3
GO:0070933 histone H4 deacetylation The modification of histone H4 by the removal of one or more acetyl groups. 3
GO:0043988 histone H3-S28 phosphorylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a serine residue at position 28 of the histone. 3
GO:0043007 maintenance of rDNA Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of rDNA repeats. 3
GO:2000775 histone H3-S10 phosphorylation involved in chromosome condensation Any histone H3-S10 phosphorylation that is involved in chromosome condensation. 3
GO:0016574 histone ubiquitination The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups. 3
GO:0051026 chiasma assembly The cell cycle process in which a connection between chromatids assembles, indicating where an exchange of homologous segments has taken place by the crossing-over of non-sister chromatids. 3
GO:0070193 synaptonemal complex organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synaptonemal complex. A synaptonemal complex is a proteinaceous scaffold formed between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. 2
GO:0070076 histone lysine demethylation The modification of a histone by the removal of a methyl group from a lysine residue. 2
GO:0034720 histone H3-K4 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 4 of the histone. 2
GO:0070544 histone H3-K36 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 36 of the histone. 2
GO:0034508 centromere complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and centromeric DNA molecules to form a centromeric protein-DNA complex. Includes the formation of the chromatin structures which form a platform for the kinetochore, and assembly of the kinetochore onto this specialized chromatin. In fission yeast and higher eukaryotes this process also includes the formation of heterochromatin at the outer repeat (pericentric) regions of the centromere. 2
GO:0044154 histone H3-K14 acetylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 14 of the histone. 2
GO:0043973 histone H3-K4 acetylation The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 4 of the histone. 2
GO:0034728 nucleosome organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of one or more nucleosomes. 2
GO:0034087 establishment of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion The process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome become joined along the entire length of the chromosome during S phase during a mitotic cell cycle. 2
GO:0034969 histone arginine methylation The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to an arginine residue. 2
GO:0000973 posttranscriptional tethering of RNA polymerase II gene DNA at nuclear periphery The chromosome organization process in which the DNA sequence containing a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery even after transcription has been repressed. 2
GO:0031055 chromatin remodeling at centromere Dynamic structural changes in centromeric DNA. 2
GO:0034970 histone H3-R2 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 2 of the histone. 2
GO:0051759 sister chromosome movement towards spindle pole involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation The directed movement of sister chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during meiosis II. 2
GO:0000972 transcription-dependent tethering of RNA polymerase II gene DNA at nuclear periphery The chromosome organization process in which the DNA sequence containing a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery. In S. cerevisiae, this process involves cis-acting DNA sequences such as the TATA box and upstream activating sequence (UAS) elements, trans-acting transcriptional activators, and also the 3'-UTR of the transcript. 2
GO:0051567 histone H3-K9 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 9 of the histone. 2
GO:0070868 heterochromatin organization involved in chromatin silencing Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic heterochromatin and contributes to chromatin silencing. 1
GO:0034773 histone H4-K20 trimethylation The modification of histone H4 by addition of three methyl groups to lysine at position 20 of the histone. 1
GO:0034401 regulation of transcription by chromatin organization Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-dependent transcription. 1
GO:0031507 heterochromatin assembly The assembly of chromatin into heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form that is often, but not always, transcriptionally silent. 1
GO:0070078 histone H3-R2 demethylation The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from arginine at position 2 of the histone. 1
GO:0030263 apoptotic chromosome condensation The compaction of chromatin during apoptosis. 1
GO:0071894 histone H2B conserved C-terminal lysine ubiquitination A histone ubiquitination process in which a ubiquitin monomer is added to a conserved lysine residue in the C-terminus of histone H2B. The conserved lysine residue is K119 in fission yeast, K123 in budding yeast, or K120 in mammals. 1
GO:0034729 histone H3-K79 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 79 of the histone. 1
GO:0043570 maintenance of DNA repeat elements Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA repeat elements. 1
GO:0016577 histone demethylation The modification of histones by removal of methyl groups. 1
GO:0070079 histone H4-R3 demethylation The modification of histone H4 by the removal of a methyl group from arginine at position 3 of the histone. 1
GO:0045141 meiotic telomere clustering The cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body. This plays an important role in homologous chromosome pairing and therefore progression through meiosis. 1
GO:0034772 histone H4-K20 dimethylation The modification of histone H4 by addition of two methyl groups to lysine at position 20 of the histone. 1
GO:0035041 sperm chromatin decondensation Unwinding of the condensed nuclear chromatin of an inactive sperm nucleus. 1
GO:0044648 histone H3-K4 dimethylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of two methyl groups to lysine at position 4 of the histone. 1
GO:0006343 establishment of chromatin silencing The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin. 1
GO:0016233 telomere capping A process in which telomeres are protected from degradation and fusion, thereby ensuring chromosome stability by protecting the ends from both degradation and from being recognized as damaged DNA. May be mediated by specific single- or double-stranded telomeric DNA binding proteins. 1
GO:0043247 telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage Any process that occur in response to the presence of critically short telomeres. 1
GO:0070734 histone H3-K27 methylation The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 27 of the histone. 1
GO:0035092 sperm chromatin condensation The progressive compaction of the spermatid chromatin so that it reaches a level of condensation that is not compatible with nuclear activities such as transcription or DNA replication. 1