DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing. Drosophila melanogaster (taxid: 7227) EC: 2EC: .EC: 7EC: .EC: 7EC: .EC: 6
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing. Acts as a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase when associated with small delta antigen of Hepatitis delta virus, acting both as a replicate and transcriptase for the viral RNA circular genome.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. During a transcription cycle, Pol II, general transcription factors and the Mediator complex assemble as the preinitiation complex (PIC) at the promoter. 11-15 base pairs of DNA surrounding the transcription start site are melted and the single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned deeply within the central active site cleft of Pol II to form the open complex. After synthesis of about 30 bases of RNA, Pol II releases its contacts with the core promoter and the rest of the transcription machinery (promoter clearance) and enters the stage of transcription elongation in which it moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Pol II appears to oscillate between inactive and active conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing. Pol II is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. The core element with the central large cleft comprises RPB3, RBP10, RPB11, RPB12 and regions of RPB1 and RPB2 forming the active center. The clamp element (portions of RPB1, RPB2 and RPB3) is connected to the core through a set of flexible switches and moves to open and close the cleft. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. In elongating Pol II, the lid loop (RPB1) appears to act as a wedge to drive apart the DNA and RNA strands at the upstream end of the transcription bubble and guide the RNA strand toward the RNA exit groove located near the base of the largely unstructured CTD domain of RPB1. The rudder loop (RPB1) interacts with single stranded DNA after separation from the RNA strand, likely preventing reassociation with the exiting RNA. The cleft is surrounded by jaws: an upper jaw formed by portions of RBP1, RPB2 and RPB9, and a lower jaw, formed by RPB5 and portions of RBP1. The jaws are thought to grab the incoming DNA template, mainly by RPB5 direct contacts to DNA.
RNA polymerases catalyze the DNA dependent polymerisation of RNA. Prokaryotes contain a single RNA polymerase compared to three in eukaryotes (not including mitochondrial. and chloroplast polymerases). This domain, domain 6, represents a mobile module of the RNA polymerase. Domain 6 forms part of the shelf module. This family appears to be specific to the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Length = 187
>gnl|CDD|132720 cd02584, RNAP_II_Rpb1_C, Largest subunit (Rpb1) of Eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), C-terminal domain
RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) is a large multi-subunit complex responsible for the synthesis of mRNA. RNAP II consists of a 10-subunit core enzyme and a peripheral heterodimer of two subunits. The largest core subunit (Rpb1) of yeast RNAP II is the best characterized member of this family. Structure studies suggest that RNAP complexes from different organisms share a crab-claw-shape structure. In yeast, Rpb1 and Rpb2, the largest and the second largest subunits, each makes up one clamp, one jaw, and part of the cleft. Rpb1 interacts with Rpb2 to form the DNA entry and RNA exit channels in addition to the catalytic center of RNA synthesis. The C-terminal domain of Rpb1 makes up part of the foot and jaw structures. Length = 410
RNA polymerases catalyze the DNA dependent polymerisation of RNA. Prokaryotes contain a single RNA polymerase compared to three in eukaryotes (not including mitochondrial. and chloroplast polymerases). This domain, domain 5, represents the discontinuous cleft domain that is required to from the central cleft or channel where the DNA is bound. Length = 447
Eukaryotic RNA polymerase III (RNAP III) is a large multi-subunit complex responsible for the synthesis of tRNAs, 5SrRNA, Alu-RNA, U6 snRNA, among others. Rpc1 is also known as C160 in yeast. Structure studies suggest that different RNA polymerase complexes share a similar crab-claw-shape structure. The C-terminal domain of Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAP II, makes up part of the foot and jaw structures of RNAP II. The similarity between this domain and the C-terminal domain of Rpb1, its counterpart in RNAP II, suggests a similar functional and structural role. Length = 300
>gnl|CDD|132722 cd02735, RNAP_I_Rpa1_C, Largest subunit (Rpa1) of Eukaryotic RNA polymerase I (RNAP I), C-terminal domain
RNA polymerase I (RNAP I) is a multi-subunit protein complex responsible for the synthesis of rRNA precursor. It consists of at least 14 different subunits, and the largest one is homologous to subunit Rpb1 of yeast RNAP II and subunit beta' of bacterial RNAP. Rpa1 is also known as Rpa190 in yeast. Structure studies suggest that different RNAP complexes share a similar crab-claw-shape structure. The C-terminal domain of Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAP II, makes up part of the foot and jaw structures of RNAP II. The similarity between this domain and the C-terminal domain of Rpb1, its counterpart in RNAP II, suggests a similar functional and structural role. Length = 309
>gnl|CDD|132725 cd06528, RNAP_A'', A'' subunit of Archaeal RNA Polymerase (RNAP)
Archaeal RNA polymerase (RNAP), like bacterial RNAP, is a large multi-subunit complex responsible for the synthesis of all RNAs in the cell. The relative positioning of the RNAP core is highly conserved between archaeal RNAP and the three classes of eukaryotic RNAPs. In archaea, the largest subunit is split into two polypeptides, A' and A'', which are encoded by separate genes in an operon. Sequence alignments reveal that the archaeal A'' subunit corresponds to the C-terminal one-third of the RNAPII largest subunit (Rpb1). In subunit A'', several loops in the jaw domain are shorter. The RNAPII Rpb1 interacts with the second-largest subunit (Rpb2) to form the DNA entry and RNA exit channels in addition to the catalytic center of RNA synthesis. Length = 363
Prokaryotes contain a single RNA polymerase compared to three in eukaryotes (not including mitochondrial and chloroplast polymerases). This domain, domain 6, represents a mobile module of the RNA polymerase. Domain 6 forms part of the shelf module [, ]. This family appears to be specific to the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II.; GO: 0003677 DNA binding, 0003899 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity, 0006351 transcription, DNA-dependent; PDB: 3H0G_M 1Y77_A 3CQZ_A 3GTM_A 1TWA_A 4A3I_A 2NVY_A 2NVT_A 1I6H_A 1TWF_A ....
This family consists of the archaeal A'' subunit of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase. The example from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii contains an intein.
>cd06528 RNAP_A'' A'' subunit of Archaeal RNA Polymerase (RNAP)
Archaeal RNA polymerase (RNAP), like bacterial RNAP, is a large multi-subunit complex responsible for the synthesis of all RNAs in the cell. The relative positioning of the RNAP core is highly conserved between archaeal RNAP and the three classes of eukaryotic RNAPs. In archaea, the largest subunit is split into two polypeptides, A' and A'', which are encoded by separate genes in an operon. Sequence alignments reveal that the archaeal A'' subunit corresponds to the C-terminal one-third of the RNAPII largest subunit (Rpb1). In subunit A'', several loops in the jaw domain are shorter. The RNAPII Rpb1 interacts with the second-largest subunit (Rpb2) to form the DNA entry and RNA exit channels in addition to the catalytic center of RNA synthesis.
RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) is a large multi-subunit complex responsible for the synthesis of mRNA. RNAP II consists of a 10-subunit core enzyme and a peripheral heterodimer of two subunits. The largest core subunit (Rpb1) of yeast RNAP II is the best characterized member of this family. Structure studies suggest that RNAP complexes from different organisms share a crab-claw-shape structure. In yeast, Rpb1 and Rpb2, the largest and the second largest subunits, each makes up one clamp, one jaw, and part of the cleft. Rpb1 interacts with Rpb2 to form the DNA entry and RNA exit channels in addition to the catalytic center of RNA synthesis. The C-terminal domain of Rpb1 makes up part of the foot and jaw structures.
Bacteria have a single DNA-directed RNA polymerase, with required subunits that include alpha, beta, and beta-prime. This model describes the predominant architecture of the beta-prime subunit in most bacteria. This model excludes from among the bacterial mostly sequences from the cyanobacteria, where RpoC is replaced by two tandem genes homologous to it but also encoding an additional domain.
Prokaryotes contain a single RNA polymerase compared to three in eukaryotes (not including mitochondrial and chloroplast polymerases). This domain, domain 5, represents the discontinuous cleft domain that is required to form the central cleft or channel where the DNA is bound [, ].; GO: 0003677 DNA binding, 0003899 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity, 0006351 transcription, DNA-dependent; PDB: 1ZYR_D 1SMY_D 2A68_N 2O5J_D 3AOH_N 2O5I_D 2CW0_N 2A6H_N 2A69_D 3EQL_D ....
The family consists of the product of the rpoC2 gene, a subunit of DNA-directed RNA polymerase of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. RpoC2 corresponds largely to the C-terminal region of the RpoC (the beta' subunit) of other bacteria. Members of this family are designated beta'' in chloroplasts/plastids, and beta' (confusingly) in Cyanobacteria, where RpoC1 is called beta' in chloroplasts/plastids and gamma in Cyanobacteria. We prefer to name this family beta'', after its organellar members, to emphasize that this RpoC1 and RpoC2 together replace RpoC in other bacteria.
class: Multi-domain proteins (alpha and beta)
fold: beta and beta-prime subunits of DNA dependent RNA-polymerase
superfamily: beta and beta-prime subunits of DNA dependent RNA-polymerase
family: RNA-polymerase beta-prime
domain: RNA-polymerase beta-prime
species: Thermus thermophilus [TaxId: 274]
Score = 41.3 bits (96), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 20/82 (24%), Positives = 34/82 (41%), Gaps = 10/82 (12%)
Query: 28 ELLEKCVIVAGEDQLSKQANENATLLFQCLVRSTLCTKLVAENYRLSSEAFEWLVGEIEN 87
L E + + L +A E A + + VRS L + Y + + + + +
Sbjct: 1158 RLEEGRYLSMDDVHLLIKAAE-AGEIQEVPVRSPLTCQ---TRYGVCQKCYGY------D 1207
Query: 88 RFQQAQCAPGEMVGALAAQSLG 109
+ GE VG +AAQS+G
Sbjct: 1208 LSMARPVSIGEAVGIVAAQSIG 1229
class: Multi-domain proteins (alpha and beta)
fold: beta and beta-prime subunits of DNA dependent RNA-polymerase
superfamily: beta and beta-prime subunits of DNA dependent RNA-polymerase
family: RNA-polymerase beta-prime
domain: RNA-polymerase beta-prime
species: Thermus thermophilus [TaxId: 274]
