e. This model finds the archaeal and eukaryotic forms of ribosomal protein L10. The protein is encoded by multiple loci in some eukaryotes and has been assigned a number of extra-ribosomal functions, some of which will require re-evaluation in the context of identification as a ribosomal protein. L10.e is distantly related to eubacterial ribosomal protein L16 [Protein synthesis, Ribosomal proteins: synthesis and modification]. Length = 172
>gnl|CDD|238714 cd01433, Ribosomal_L16_L10e, Ribosomal_L16_L10e: L16 is an essential protein in the large ribosomal subunit of bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
Large subunits that lack L16 are defective in peptidyl transferase activity, peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis activity, association with the 30S subunit, binding of aminoacyl-tRNA and interaction with antibiotics. L16 is required for the function of elongation factor P (EF-P), a protein involved in peptide bond synthesis through the stimulation of peptidyl transferase activity by the ribosome. Mutations in L16 and the adjoining bases of 23S rRNA confer antibiotic resistance in bacteria, suggesting a role for L16 in the formation of the antibiotic binding site. The GTPase RbgA (YlqF) is essential for the assembly of the large subunit, and it is believed to regulate the incorporation of L16. L10e is the archaeal and eukaryotic cytosolic homolog of bacterial L16. L16 and L10e exhibit structural differences at the N-terminus. Length = 112
>gnl|CDD|223275 COG0197, RplP, Ribosomal protein L16/L10E [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis]
Large subunits that lack L16 are defective in peptidyl transferase activity, peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis activity, association with the 30S subunit, binding of aminoacyl-tRNA and interaction with antibiotics. L16 is required for the function of elongation factor P (EF-P), a protein involved in peptide bond synthesis through the stimulation of peptidyl transferase activity by the ribosome. Mutations in L16 and the adjoining bases of 23S rRNA confer antibiotic resistance in bacteria, suggesting a role for L16 in the formation of the antibiotic binding site. The GTPase RbgA (YlqF) is essential for the assembly of the large subunit, and it is believed to regulate the incorporation of L16. L10e is the archaeal and eukaryotic cytosolic homolog of bacterial L16. L16 and L10e exhibit structural differences at the N-terminus.
>TIGR01164 rplP_bact ribosomal protein L16, bacterial/organelle
This model describes bacterial and organellar ribosomal protein L16. The homologous protein of the eukaryotic cytosol is designated L10
>PF00252 Ribosomal_L16: Ribosomal protein L16p/L10e; InterPro: IPR016180 Ribosomes are the particles that catalyse mRNA-directed protein synthesis in all organisms
The codons of the mRNA are exposed on the ribosome to allow tRNA binding. This leads to the incorporation of amino acids into the growing polypeptide chain in accordance with the genetic information. Incoming amino acid monomers enter the ribosomal A site in the form of aminoacyl-tRNAs complexed with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and GTP. The growing polypeptide chain, situated in the P site as peptidyl-tRNA, is then transferred to aminoacyl-tRNA and the new peptidyl-tRNA, extended by one residue, is translocated to the P site with the aid the elongation factor G (EF-G) and GTP as the deacylated tRNA is released from the ribosome through one or more exit sites [, ]. About 2/3 of the mass of the ribosome consists of RNA and 1/3 of protein. The proteins are named in accordance with the subunit of the ribosome which they belong to - the small (S1 to S31) and the large (L1 to L44). Usually they decorate the rRNA cores of the subunits. Many ribosomal proteins, particularly those of the large subunit, are composed of a globular, surfaced-exposed domain with long finger-like projections that extend into the rRNA core to stabilise its structure. Most of the proteins interact with multiple RNA elements, often from different domains. In the large subunit, about 1/3 of the 23S rRNA nucleotides are at least in van der Waal's contact with protein, and L22 interacts with all six domains of the 23S rRNA. Proteins S4 and S7, which initiate assembly of the 16S rRNA, are located at junctions of five and four RNA helices, respectively. In this way proteins serve to organise and stabilise the rRNA tertiary structure. While the crucial activities of decoding and peptide transfer are RNA based, proteins play an active role in functions that may have evolved to streamline the process of protein synthesis. In addition to their function in the ribosome, many ribosomal proteins have some function 'outside' the ribosome [, ]. This entry represents a structural domain with an alpha/beta-hammerhead fold, where the beta-hammerhead motif is similar to that in barrel-sandwich hybrids. Domains of this structure can be found in ribosomal proteins L10e and L16. ; GO: 0003735 structural constituent of ribosome, 0006412 translation, 0005840 ribosome; PDB: 2ZJR_J 1Y69_K 3DLL_J 2ZJQ_J 2ZJP_J 3PIO_J 3CF5_J 3PIP_J 2ZKR_h 3J11_O ....
>pdb|3IZR|I Chain I, Localization Of The Large Subunit Ribosomal Proteins Into A 5.5 A Cryo-Em Map Of Triticum Aestivum Translating 80s Ribosome Length = 224
>pdb|2ZKR|HH Chain h, Structure Of A Mammalian Ribosomal 60s Subunit Within An 80s Complex Obtained By Docking Homology Models Of The Rna And Proteins Into An 8.7 A Cryo-Em Map Length = 214
>pdb|3IZS|I Chain I, Localization Of The Large Subunit Ribosomal Proteins Into A 6.1 A Cryo-Em Map Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Translating 80s Ribosome Length = 221
>2pa2_A 60S ribosomal protein L10; QM protein, , structural genomics, NPPSFA, national project on protein structural and functional analyses; 2.50A {Homo sapiens} SCOP: d.41.4.1
