>PF05739 SNARE: SNARE domain; InterPro: IPR000727 The process of vesicular fusion with target membranes depends on a set of SNAREs (SNAP-Receptors), which are associated with the fusing membranes [, ]
Target SNAREs (t-SNAREs) are localised on the target membrane and belong to two different families, the syntaxin-like family and the SNAP-25 like family. One member of each family, together with a v-SNARE localised on the vesicular membrane, are required for fusion. The Syntaxins are type-I transmembrane proteins that contain several regions with coiled-coil propensity in their cytosolic part, the SNARE motif. SNAP-25 (IPR000928 from INTERPRO) is a protein consisting of two coiled-coil regions, which is associated with the membrane by lipid anchors. SNARE motifs assemble into parallel four helix bundles stabilised by the burial of these hydrophobic helix faces in the bundle core. Monomeric SNARE motifs are disordered so this assembly reaction is accompanied by a dramatic increase in alpha-helical secondary structure []. The parallel arrangement of SNARE motifs within complexes bring the transmembrane anchors, and the two membranes, into close proximity. Recently, it was shown that the two coiled-coil regions of SNAP-25 and one of the coiled-coil regions of the syntaxins are related []. This domain is found in both Syntaxin and SNAP-25 families as well as in other proteins.; GO: 0005515 protein binding; PDB: 1URQ_B 3RL0_R 1HVV_B 1SFC_B 1N7S_B 3IPD_B 3C98_B 3HD7_F 3RK2_B 1KIL_B ....
>COG5074 t-SNARE complex subunit, syntaxin [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]
>cd00193 t_SNARE Soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein)-Attachment protein (SNAP) REceptor domain; these alpha-helical motifs form twisted and parallel heterotetrameric helix bundles; the core complex contains one helix from a protein that is anchored in the vesicle membrane (synaptobrevin), one helix from a protein of the target membrane (syntaxin), and two helices from another protein anchored in the target membrane (SNAP-25); their interaction forms a core which is composed of a polar zero layer, a flanking leucine-zipper layer acts as a water tight shield to isolate ionic interactions in the zero layer from the surrounding solvent
>PF00957 Synaptobrevin: Synaptobrevin; InterPro: IPR001388 Synaptobrevin is an intrinsic membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles [], specialised secretory organelles of neurons that actively accumulate neurotransmitters and participate in their calcium-dependent release by exocytosis
Vesicle function is mediated by proteins in their membranes, although the precise nature of the protein-protein interactions underlying this are still uncertain []. Synaptobrevin may play a role in the molecular events underlying neurotransmitter release and vesicle recycling and may be involved in the regulation of membrane flow in the nerve terminal, a process mediated by interaction with low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins []. Synaptic vesicle-associated membrane proteins (VAMPs) from Torpedo californica (Pacific electric ray) and SNC1 from yeast are related to synaptobrevin.; GO: 0016192 vesicle-mediated transport, 0016021 integral to membrane; PDB: 3EGX_C 2NUP_C 3EGD_C 2NUT_C 1IOU_A 1H8M_A 3B5N_A 3ZYM_A 2NPS_A 1SFC_E ....
>PF09753 Use1: Membrane fusion protein Use1; InterPro: IPR019150 This entry represents a family of proteins, approximately 300 residues in length, involved in vesicle transport
They have a single C-terminal transmembrane domain and a SNARE [soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein) attachment protein receptor] domain of approximately 60 residues. The SNARE domains are essential for membrane fusion and are conserved from yeasts to humans. Use1 is one of the three protein subunits that make up the SNARE complex and it is specifically required for Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum retrograde transport [].
>PF07423 DUF1510: Protein of unknown function (DUF1510); InterPro: IPR009988 This family consists of several hypothetical bacterial proteins of around 200 residues in length
All alpha-helical motifs that form twisted and parallel four-helix bundles in target soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein (SNAP) receptor proteins. This motif found in "Q-SNAREs".
>KOG0860 consensus Synaptobrevin/VAMP-like protein [Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport]
>PF00957 Synaptobrevin: Synaptobrevin; InterPro: IPR001388 Synaptobrevin is an intrinsic membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles [], specialised secretory organelles of neurons that actively accumulate neurotransmitters and participate in their calcium-dependent release by exocytosis
Vesicle function is mediated by proteins in their membranes, although the precise nature of the protein-protein interactions underlying this are still uncertain []. Synaptobrevin may play a role in the molecular events underlying neurotransmitter release and vesicle recycling and may be involved in the regulation of membrane flow in the nerve terminal, a process mediated by interaction with low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins []. Synaptic vesicle-associated membrane proteins (VAMPs) from Torpedo californica (Pacific electric ray) and SNC1 from yeast are related to synaptobrevin.; GO: 0016192 vesicle-mediated transport, 0016021 integral to membrane; PDB: 3EGX_C 2NUP_C 3EGD_C 2NUT_C 1IOU_A 1H8M_A 3B5N_A 3ZYM_A 2NPS_A 1SFC_E ....
>PF12273 RCR: Chitin synthesis regulation, resistance to Congo red; InterPro: IPR020999 RCR proteins are ER membrane proteins that regulate chitin deposition in fungal cell walls
Although chitin, a linear polymer of beta-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine, constitutes only 2% of the cell wall it plays a vital role in the overall protection of the cell wall against stress, noxious chemicals and osmotic pressure changes. Congo red is a cell wall-disrupting benzidine-type dye extensively used in many cell wall mutant studies that specifically targets chitin in yeast cells and inhibits growth. RCR proteins render the yeasts resistant to Congo red by diminishing the content of chitin in the cell wall []. RCR proteins are probably regulating chitin synthase III interact directly with ubiquitin ligase Rsp5, and the VPEY motif is necessary for this, via interaction with the WW domains of Rsp5 [].
>PF10717 ODV-E18: Occlusion-derived virus envelope protein ODV-E18; InterPro: IPR019655 Baculovirus occlusion-derived virus (ODV) derives its envelope from an intranuclear membrane source
Occlusion-derived viral envelope proteins that are detected in viral-induced intranuclear microvesicles, but not detected in the plasma membrane, cytoplasmic membranes, or the nuclear envelope. This entry represents ODV-E18 protein which is encoded by baculovirus late genes with transcription initiating from a TAAG motif. ODV-E18 exists as a dimer in the ODV envelope, which contains a hydrophobic domain that putatively acts as a target or retention signal for intranuclear microvesicles []. ; GO: 0019031 viral envelope
>PF04505 Dispanin: Interferon-induced transmembrane protein; InterPro: IPR007593 This family includes the human leukocyte antigen CD225, which is an interferon inducible transmembrane protein, and is associated with interferon induced cell growth suppression []
; GO: 0009607 response to biotic stimulus, 0016021 integral to membrane
>PF03904 DUF334: Domain of unknown function (DUF334); InterPro: IPR005602 This is a family of proteins found in Staphylococcus aureus plasmid with no characterised function
>1sfc_B Protein (syntaxin 1A), protein (synaptobrevin 2); membrane fusion protein complex, transport protein; 2.40A {Rattus norvegicus} SCOP: h.1.15.1 PDB: 1l4a_B
