>gi|359483143|ref|XP_003632910.1| PREDICTED: unknown protein DS12 from 2D-PAGE of leaf, chloroplastic-like [Vitis vinifera] gi|298204773|emb|CBI25271.3| unnamed protein product [Vitis vinifera]
>gi|187608845|sp|P83643.2|UP12_ORYSI RecName: Full=Unknown protein DS12 from 2D-PAGE of leaf, chloroplastic; Flags: Precursor gi|187663980|sp|Q0J709.2|UP12_ORYSJ RecName: Full=Unknown protein DS12 from 2D-PAGE of leaf, chloroplastic; Flags: Precursor
This ACT domain family, ACT_UUR_ACR-like, includes the two C-terminal ACT domains of the bacterial signal-transducing uridylyltransferase /uridylyl-removing (UUR) enzyme, GlnD; including those enzymes similar to the GlnD found in enteric Escherichia coli and those found in photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Also included in this CD are the four ACT domains of a novel protein composed almost entirely of ACT domain repeats (the ACR protein) and like proteins. These ACR proteins, found in Arabidopsis and Oryza, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. This CD also includes the first of the two ACT domains that comprise the Glycine Cleavage System Transcriptional Repressor (GcvR) protein and related domains, as well as, the N-terminal ACT domain of a yet characterized Arabidopsis/Oryza predicted tyrosine kinase. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains. Length = 70
This CD includes the third ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products have been described (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) and are represented in this CD. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04896 ACT_ACR-like_3 ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein)
This CD includes the third ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) have been described, however, the ACR-like sequences in this CD are distinct from those characterized. This CD includes the Oryza sativa ACR-like protein (Os05g0113000) encoded on chromosome 5 and the Arabidopsis thaliana predicted gene product, At2g39570. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04895 ACT_ACR_1 ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein)
This CD includes the N-terminal ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products have been described (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) and are represented in this CD. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
This model describes GlnD, the uridylyltransferase/uridylyl-removing enzyme for the nitrogen regulatory protein PII. Not all homologs of PII share the property of uridylyltransferase modification on the characteristic Tyr residue (see Prosite pattern PS00496 and document PDOC00439), but the modification site is preserved in the PII homolog of all species with a member of this family.
This CD includes the second ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products have been described (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) and are represented in this CD. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04927 ACT_ACR-like_2 Second ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein)
This CD includes the second ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) have been described, however, the ACR-like sequences in this CD are distinct from those characterized. This CD includes the Oryza sativa ACR-like protein (Os05g0113000) encoded on chromosome 5 and the Arabidopsis thaliana predicted gene product, At2g39570. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04900 ACT_UUR-like_1 ACT domain family, ACT_UUR-like_1, includes the first of two C-terminal ACT domains of the bacterial signal-transducing uridylyltransferase /uridylyl-removing (UUR) enzyme, GlnD and related domains
This ACT domain family, ACT_UUR-like_1, includes the first of two C-terminal ACT domains of the bacterial signal-transducing uridylyltransferase /uridylyl-removing (UUR) enzyme, GlnD; including those enzymes similar to the GlnD found in enteric Escherichia coli and those found in photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Also included in this CD is the N-terminal ACT domain of a yet characterized Arabidopsis/Oryza predicted tyrosine kinase. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04926 ACT_ACR_4 C-terminal ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein)
This CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products have been described (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) and are represented in this CD. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04899 ACT_ACR-UUR-like_2 C-terminal ACT domains of the bacterial signal-transducing uridylyltransferase /uridylyl-removing (UUR) enzyme, GlnD and related domains
This ACT domain family, ACT_ACR-UUR-like_2, includes the second of two C-terminal ACT domains of the bacterial signal-transducing uridylyltransferase /uridylyl-removing (UUR) enzyme, GlnD; including those enzymes similar to the GlnD found in enteric Escherichia coli and those found in photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Also included in this CD are the second and fourth ACT domains of a novel protein composed almost entirely of ACT domain repeats, the ACR protein. These ACR proteins, found in Arabidopsis and Oryza, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
This model describes GlnD, the uridylyltransferase/uridylyl-removing enzyme for the nitrogen regulatory protein PII. Not all homologs of PII share the property of uridylyltransferase modification on the characteristic Tyr residue (see Prosite pattern PS00496 and document PDOC00439), but the modification site is preserved in the PII homolog of all species with a member of this family.
This ACT domain family, ACT_UUR_ACR-like, includes the two C-terminal ACT domains of the bacterial signal-transducing uridylyltransferase /uridylyl-removing (UUR) enzyme, GlnD; including those enzymes similar to the GlnD found in enteric Escherichia coli and those found in photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Also included in this CD are the four ACT domains of a novel protein composed almost entirely of ACT domain repeats (the ACR protein) and like proteins. These ACR proteins, found in Arabidopsis and Oryza, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. This CD also includes the first of the two ACT domains that comprise the Glycine Cleavage System Transcriptional Repressor (GcvR) protein and related domains, as well as, the N-terminal ACT domain of a yet characterized Arabidopsis/Oryza predicted t
This CD includes a novel, yet uncharacterized, N-terminal ACT domain of an Arabidopsis/Oryza predicted tyrosine kinase and other related ACT domains. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>PF01842 ACT: ACT domain; InterPro: IPR002912 The ACT domain is found in a variety of contexts and is proposed to be a conserved regulatory binding fold
ACT domains are linked to a wide range of metabolic enzymes that are regulated by amino acid concentration. The archetypical ACT domain is the C-terminal regulatory domain of 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3PGDH), which folds with a ferredoxin-like topology. A pair of ACT domains form an eight-stranded antiparallel sheet with two molecules of allosteric inhibitor serine bound in the interface. Biochemical exploration of a few other proteins containing ACT domains supports the suggestions that these domains contain the archetypical ACT structure [].; GO: 0016597 amino acid binding, 0008152 metabolic process; PDB: 3L76_B 2F06_B 3NRB_C 1Y7P_C 2QMX_A 2DT9_A 2ZHO_D 3K5P_A 3TVI_K 3C1M_C ....
The ACT_PSP_1 CD includes the first of the two ACT domains found N-terminal of phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP, SerB). PSPs belong to the L-2-haloacid dehalogenase-like protein superfamily. PSP is involved in serine metabolism; serine is synthesized from phosphoglycerate through sequential reactions catalyzed by 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (SerA), 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase (SerC), and SerB. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
This CD includes the N-terminal ACT domain of formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase (F4HF-DF; formyltetrahydrofolate hydrolase) which catalyzes the hydrolysis of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (formyl-FH4) to FH4 and formate. Formyl-FH4 hydrolase generates the formate that is used by purT-encoded 5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide transformylase for step three of de novo purine nucleotide synthesis. Formyl-FH4 hydrolase, a hexamer which is activated by methionine and inhibited by glycine, is proposed to regulate the balance FH4 and C1-FH4 in response to changing growth conditions. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04869 ACT_GcvR_2 ACT domains that comprise the Glycine Cleavage System Transcriptional Repressor (GcvR) protein, and other related domains
This CD includes the second of the two ACT domains that comprise the Glycine Cleavage System Transcriptional Repressor (GcvR) protein, and other related domains. The glycine cleavage enzyme system in Escherichia coli provides one-carbon units for cellular methylation reactions. This enzyme system, encoded by the gcvTHP operon and lpd gene, catalyzes the cleavage of glycine into CO2 + NH3 and transfers a one-carbon unit to tetrahydrofolate, producing 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate. The gcvTHP operon is activated by the GcvA protein in response to glycine and repressed by a GcvA/GcvR interaction in the absence of glycine. It has been proposed that the co-activator glycine acts through a mechanism of de-repression by binding to GcvR and preventing GcvR from interacting with GcvA to block GcvA's activator function. Evidence also suggests that GcvR in
This CD, ACT_1ZPV, includes those single ACT domain proteins similar to the yet uncharacterized Streptococcus pneumoniae ACT domain protein (pdb structure 1ZPV). Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04887 ACT_MalLac-Enz ACT_MalLac-Enz CD includes the N-terminal ACT domain of putative NAD-dependent malic enzyme 1, Bacillus subtilis YqkI and related domains
The ACT_MalLac-Enz CD includes the N-terminal ACT domain of putative NAD-dependent malic enzyme 1, Bacillus subtilis YqkI, a malolactic enzyme (MalLac-Enz) which converts malate to lactate, and other related ACT domains. The yqkJ product is predicted to convert malate directly to lactate, as opposed to related malic enzymes that convert malate to pyruvate. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04893 ACT_GcvR_1 ACT domains that comprise the Glycine Cleavage System Transcriptional Repressor (GcvR) protein, and other related domains
This CD includes the first of the two ACT domains that comprise the Glycine Cleavage System Transcriptional Repressor (GcvR) protein, and other related domains. The glycine cleavage enzyme system in Escherichia coli provides one-carbon units for cellular methylation reactions. This enzyme system, encoded by the gcvTHP operon and lpd gene, catalyzes the cleavage of glycine into CO2 + NH3 and transfers a one-carbon unit to tetrahydrofolate, producing 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate. The gcvTHP operon is activated by the GcvA protein in response to glycine and repressed by a GcvA/GcvR interaction in the absence of glycine. It has been proposed that the co-activator glycine acts through a mechanism of de-repression by binding to GcvR and preventing GcvR from interacting with GcvA to block GcvA's activator function. Evidence also suggests that GcvR int
>cd04881 ACT_HSDH-Hom ACT_HSDH_Hom CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain of the NAD(P)H-dependent, homoserine dehydrogenase (HSDH) and related domains
The ACT_HSDH_Hom CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain of the NAD(P)H-dependent, homoserine dehydrogenase (HSDH) encoded by the hom gene of Bacillus subtilis and other related sequences. HSDH reduces aspartate semi-aldehyde to the amino acid homoserine, one that is required for the biosynthesis of Met, Thr, and Ile from Asp. Neither the enzyme nor the aspartate pathway is found in the animal kingdom. This mostly bacterial HSDH group has a C-terminal ACT domain and is believed to be involved in enzyme regulation. A C-terminal deletion in the Corynebacterium glutamicum HSDH abolished allosteric inhibition by L-threonine. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04894 ACT_ACR-like_1 ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein)
This CD includes the N-terminal ACT domain of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) have been described, however, the ACR-like sequences in this CD are distinct from those characterized. This CD includes the Oryza sativa ACR-like protein (Os05g0113000) encoded on chromosome 5 and the Arabidopsis thaliana predicted gene product, At2g39570. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>PRK11589 gcvR glycine cleavage system transcriptional repressor; Provisional
This CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain of biodegradative (catabolic) threonine dehydratase II (ThrD-II) and other related ACT domains. The Escherichia coli tdcB gene product, ThrD-II, anaerobically catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent dehydration of L-threonine and L-serine to ammonia and to alpha-ketobutyrate and pyruvate, respectively. Tetrameric ThrD-II is subject to allosteric activation by AMP, inhibition by alpha-keto acids, and catabolite inactivation by several metabolites of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Also included in this CD are N-terminal ACT domains present in smaller (~170 a.a.) archaeal proteins of unknown function. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04878 ACT_AHAS N-terminal ACT domain of the Escherichia coli IlvH-like regulatory subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS)
ACT_AHAS: N-terminal ACT domain of the Escherichia coli IlvH-like regulatory subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS). AHAS catalyses the first common step in the biosynthesis of the three branched-chain amino acids. The first step involves the condensation of either pyruvate or 2-ketobutyrate with the two-carbon hydroxyethyl fragment derived from another pyruvate molecule, covalently bound to the coenzyme thiamine diphosphate. Bacterial AHASs generally consist of regulatory and catalytic subunits. The effector (valine) binding sites are proposed to be located in two symmetrically related positions in the interface between a pair of N-terminal ACT domains with the C-terminal domain of IlvH contacting the catalytic dimer. Plants Arabidopsis and Oryza have tandem IlvH subunits; both the first and second ACT domain sequences are present in this CD. Members of
>cd04905 ACT_CM-PDT C-terminal ACT domain of the bifunctional chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydratase (CM-PDT) enzyme and the prephenate dehydratase (PDT) enzyme
The C-terminal ACT domain of the bifunctional chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydratase (CM-PDT) enzyme and the prephenate dehydratase (PDT) enzyme, found in plants, fungi, bacteria, and archaea. The P-protein of E. coli (CM-PDT, PheA) catalyzes the conversion of chorismate to prephenate and then the decarboxylation and dehydration to form phenylpyruvate. These are the first two steps in the biosynthesis of L-Phe and L-Tyr via the shikimate pathway in microorganisms and plants. The E. coli P-protein (CM-PDT) has three domains with an N-terminal domain with chorismate mutase activity, a middle domain with prephenate dehydratase activity, and an ACT regulatory C-terminal domain. The prephenate dehydratase enzyme has a PDT and ACT domain. The ACT domain is essential to bring about the negative allosteric regulation by L-Phe bindi
>cd04877 ACT_TyrR N-terminal ACT domain of the TyrR protein
ACT_TyrR: N-terminal ACT domain of the TyrR protein. The TyrR protein of Escherichia coli controls the expression of a group of transcription units (TyrR regulon) whose gene products are involved in the biosynthesis or transport of the aromatic amino acids. Binding to specific DNA sequences known as TyrR boxes, the TyrR protein can either activate or repress transcription at different sigma70 promoters. Its regulatory activity occurs in response to intracellular levels of tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan. The TyrR protein consists of an N-terminal region important for transcription activation with an ATP-independent aromatic amino acid binding site (contained within the ACT domain) and is involved in dimerization; a central region with an ATP binding site, an ATP-dependent aromatic amino acid binding site and is involved in hexamerization; and a helix turn helix DNA binding C-terminal region. In solution, in the absence
>cd04889 ACT_PDH-BS-like C-terminal ACT domain of the monofunctional, NAD dependent, prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate from prephenate
Included in this CD is the C-terminal ACT domain of the monofunctional, NAD dependent, prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate from prephenate, found in Bacillus subtilis (BS) and other Firmicutes, Deinococci, and Bacteroidetes. PDH is the first enzyme in the aromatic amino acid pathway specific for the biosynthesis of tyrosine. This enzyme is feedback inhibited by tyrosine in B. subtilis and other microorganisms. Both phenylalanine and tryptophan have been shown to be inhibitors of this activity in B. subtilis. Bifunctional chorismate mutase-PDH (TyrA) enzymes such as those seen in Escherichia coli do not contain an ACT domain. Also included in this CD is the N-terminal ACT domain of a novel protein composed almost entirely of two tandem A
>PRK11589 gcvR glycine cleavage system transcriptional repressor; Provisional
ACT_3PGDH-like: The ACT_3PGDH-like CD includes the C-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3PGDH), with or without an extended C-terminal (xct) region found in various bacteria, archaea, fungi, and plants. 3PGDH is an enzyme that belongs to the D-isomer specific, 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family and catalyzes the oxidation of D-3-phosphoglycerate to 3- phosphohydroxypyruvate, which is the first step in the biosynthesis of L-serine, using NAD+ as the oxidizing agent. In bacteria, 3PGDH is feedback controlled by the end product L-serine in an allosteric manner. In the Escherichia coli homotetrameric enzyme, the interface at adjacent ACT (regulatory) domains couples to create an extended beta-sheet. Each regulatory interface forms two serine-binding sites. The mechanism by which serine transmits inhibition to the active
>cd04882 ACT_Bt0572_2 C-terminal ACT domain of a novel protein composed of just two ACT domains
Included in this CD is the C-terminal ACT domain of a novel protein composed of just two ACT domains, as seen in the yet uncharacterized structure (pdb 2F06) of the Bt0572 protein from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and related proteins. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04908 ACT_Bt0572_1 N-terminal ACT domain of a novel protein composed almost entirely of two tandem ACT domains
Included in this CD is the N-terminal ACT domain of a novel protein composed almost entirely of two tandem ACT domains as seen in the uncharacterized structure (pdb 2F06) of the Bt0572 protein from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and related ACT domains. These tandem ACT domain proteins belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04903 ACT_LSD C-terminal ACT domain of the L-serine dehydratase (LSD), iron-sulfur-dependent, beta subunit
The C-terminal ACT domain of the L-serine dehydratase (LSD), iron-sulfur-dependent, beta subunit, found in various bacterial anaerobes such as Clostridium, Bacillis, and Treponema species. These enzymes catalyze the deamination of L-serine, producing pyruvate and ammonia. Unlike the eukaryotic L-serine dehydratase, which requires the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor, the prokaryotic L-serine dehydratase contains an [4Fe-4S] cluster instead of a PLP active site. The LSD alpha and beta subunits of the 'clostridial' enzyme are encoded by the sdhA and sdhB genes. The single subunit bacterial homologs of L-serine dehydratase (LSD1, LSD2, TdcG) present in Escherichia coli, and other enterobacterials, lack the ACT domain described here. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04888 ACT_PheB-BS C-terminal ACT domain of a small (~147 a
a.) putative phenylalanine biosynthetic pathway protein described in Bacillus subtilis (BS) PheB (PheB-BS) and related domains. This CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain of a small (~147 a.a.) putative phenylalanine biosynthetic pathway protein described in Bacillus subtilis (BS) PheB (PheB-BS) and other related ACT domains. In B. subtilis, the upstream gene of pheB, pheA encodes prephenate dehydratase (PDT). The presumed product of the pheB gene is chorismate mutase (CM). The deduced product of the B. subtilis pheB gene, however, has no significant homology to the CM portion of the bifunctional CM-PDT of Escherichia coli. The presence of an ACT domain lends support to the prediction that these proteins function as a phenylalanine-binding regulatory protein. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>TIGR00119 acolac_sm acetolactate synthase, small subunit
The C-terminal ACT domain of the monofunctional, NAD dependent, prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate from prephenate, found in Bacillus subtilis (BS) and other Firmicutes, Deinococci, and Bacteroidetes. PDH is the first enzyme in the aromatic amino acid pathway specific for the biosynthesis of tyrosine. This enzyme is feedback-inhibited by tyrosine in B. subtilis and other microorganisms. Both phenylalanine and tryptophan have been shown to be inhibitors of this activity in B. subtilis. Bifunctional chorismate mutase-PDH (TyrA) enzymes such as those seen in Escherichia coli do not contain an ACT domain. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>COG3830 ACT domain-containing protein [Signal transduction mechanisms]
Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains. Pairs of ACT domains are commonly involved in specifically binding an amino acid or other small ligand leading to regulation of the enzyme. The ACT domain has been detected in a number of diverse proteins; some of these proteins are involved in amino acid and purine biosynthesis, phenylalanine hydroxylation, regulation of bacterial metabolism and transcription, and many remain to be characterized. ACT domain-containing enzymes involved in amino acid and purine synthesis are in many cases allosteric enzymes with complex regulation enforced by the binding of ligands. The ACT domain is commonly involved in the binding of a small regulatory molecule, such as the amino acids L-Ser and L-Phe in the case of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and the bifunctional chorismate mutase-p
>cd04874 ACT_Af1403 N-terminal ACT domain of the yet uncharacterized, small (~133 a
a.), putative amino acid binding protein, Af1403, and related domains. This CD includes the N-terminal ACT domain of the yet uncharacterized, small (~133 a.a.), putative amino acid binding protein, Af1403, from Archaeoglobus fulgidus and other related archeal ACT domains. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
ACT_RelA-SpoT: the ACT domain found C-terminal of the RelA/SpoT domains. Enzymes of the Rel/Spo family enable bacteria to survive prolonged periods of nutrient limitation by controlling guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'-(tri)diphosphate ((p)ppGpp) production and subsequent rRNA repression (stringent response). Both the synthesis of (p)ppGpp from ATP and GDP(GTP), and its hydrolysis to GDP(GTP) and pyrophosphate, are catalyzed by Rel/Spo proteins. In Escherichia coli and its close relatives, the metabolism of (p)ppGpp is governed by two homologous proteins, RelA and SpoT. The RelA protein catalyzes (p)ppGpp synthesis in a reaction requiring its binding to ribosomes bearing codon-specified uncharged tRNA. The major role of the SpoT protein is the breakdown of (p)ppGpp by a manganese-dependent (p)ppGpp pyrophosphohydrolase activity. Although the stringent response appears to be tightly regulated by these two enzymes i
>cd04902 ACT_3PGDH-xct C-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3PGDH)
The C-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3PGDH), with an extended C-terminal (xct) region from bacteria, archaea, fungi, and plants. 3PGDH is an enzyme that belongs to the D-isomer specific, 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family and catalyzes the oxidation of D-3-phosphoglycerate to 3- phosphohydroxypyruvate, which is the first step in the biosynthesis of L-serine, using NAD+ as the oxidizing agent. In bacteria, 3PGDH is feedback-controlled by the end product L-serine in an allosteric manner. Some 3PGDH enzymes have an additional domain formed by an extended C-terminal region. This additional domain introduces significant asymmetry to the homotetramer. Adjacent ACT (regulatory) domains interact, creating two serine-binding sites, however, this asymmetric arrangement results in the formation of two different and distinct domain interfaces between iden
>TIGR00655 PurU formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase
This model describes formyltetrahydrofolate deformylases. The enzyme is a homohexamer. Sequences from a related enzyme formyl tetrahydrofolate-specific enzyme, phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, serve as an outgroup for phylogenetic analysis. Putative members of this family, scoring below the trusted cutoff, include a sequence from Rhodobacter capsulatus that lacks an otherwise conserved C-terminal region.
>cd04901 ACT_3PGDH C-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain of D-3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase (3PGDH) found in fungi and bacteria
The C-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain of D-3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase (3PGDH) found in fungi and bacteria. 3PGDH is an enzyme that belongs to the D-isomer specific, 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family and catalyzes the oxidation of D-3-phosphoglycerate to 3- phosphohydroxypyruvate, which is the first step in the biosynthesis of L-serine, using NAD+ as the oxidizing agent. In Escherichia coli, the SerA 3PGDH is feedback-controlled by the end product L-serine in an allosteric manner. In the homotetrameric enzyme, the interface at adjacent ACT (regulatory) domains couples to create an extended beta-sheet. Each regulatory interface forms two serine-binding sites. The mechanism by which serine transmits inhibition to the active site is postulated to involve the tethering of the regulatory domains together to create a rigid quaternary structure with a solvent-
This CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain of the Bacillus subtilis acetoin utilization protein, AcuB. AcuB is putatively involved in the anaerobic catabolism of acetoin, and related proteins. Studies report the induction of AcuB by nitrate respiration and also by fermentation. Since acetoin can be secreted and later serve as a source of carbon, it has been proposed that, during anaerobic growth when other carbon sources are exhausted, the induction of the AcuB protein results in acetoin catabolism. AcuB-like proteins have two N-terminal tandem CBS domains and a single C-terminal ACT domain. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04884 ACT_CBS C-terminal ACT domain of the cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) domain protein found in Thermotoga maritima, Tm0935, and delta proteobacteria
This CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain of the cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) domain protein found in Thermotoga maritima, Tm0935, and delta proteobacteria. This protein has two N-terminal tandem CBS domains and a single C-terminal ACT domain. The CBS domain is found in a wide range of proteins, often in tandem arrangements and together with a variety of other functional domains. It has been proposed that the CBS domain may play a regulatory role, although its exact function is unknown. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, phenylalanine hydroxylases (PAH). PAH catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-Phe to L-Tyr, the first step in the catabolic degradation of L-Phe. In PAH, an autoregulatory sequence, N-terminal of the ACT domain, extends across the catalytic domain active site and regulates the enzyme by intrasteric regulation. It appears that the activation by L-Phe induces a conformational change that converts the enzyme to a high-affinity and high-activity state. Modulation of activity is achieved through inhibition by BH4 and activation by phosphorylation of serine residues of the autoregulatory region. The molecular basis for the cooperative activation process is not fully understood yet. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent, aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAH): Phenylalanine hydroxylases (PAH), tyrosine hydroxylases (TH) and tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH), both peripheral (TPH1) and neuronal (TPH2) enzymes. This family of enzymes shares a common catalytic mechanism, in which dioxygen is used by an active site containing a single, reduced iron atom to hydroxylate an unactivated aromatic substrate, concomitant with a two-electron oxidation of tetrahydropterin (BH4) cofactor to its quinonoid dihydropterin form. Eukaryotic AAAHs have an N-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain, a middle catalytic domain and a C-terminal domain which is responsible for the oligomeric state of the enzyme forming a domain-swapped tetrameric coiled-coil. The PAH, TH, and TPH enzymes contain highly conserved catalytic domains but distinct N-terminal ACT domains and differ in their mech
>COG2716 GcvR Glycine cleavage system regulatory protein [Amino acid transport and metabolism]
This CD includes the C-terminal ACT domain, of a novel type of ACT domain-containing protein which is composed almost entirely of four ACT domain repeats (the "ACR" protein). ACR proteins, found only in Arabidopsis and Oryza, as yet, are proposed to function as novel regulatory or sensor proteins in plants. Nine ACR gene products (ACR1-8 in Arabidopsis and OsARC1-9 in Oryza) have been described, however, the ACR-like sequences in this CD are distinct from those characterized. This CD includes the Oryza sativa ACR-like protein (Os05g0113000) encoded on chromosome 5 and the Arabidopsis thaliana predicted gene product, At2g39570. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04904 ACT_AAAH ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent, aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAH)
ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent, aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAH): Phenylalanine hydroxylases (PAH), tyrosine hydroxylases (TH) and tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH), both peripheral (TPH1) and neuronal (TPH2) enzymes. This family of enzymes shares a common catalytic mechanism, in which dioxygen is used by an active site containing a single, reduced iron atom to hydroxylate an unactivated aromatic substrate, concomitant with a two-electron oxidation of tetrahydropterin (BH4) cofactor to its quinonoid dihydropterin form. PAH catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-Phe to L-Tyr, the first step in the catabolic degradation of L-Phe; TH catalyses the hydroxylation of L-Tyr to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines; and TPH catalyses the hydroxylation of L-Trp to 5-hydroxytryptophan, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of 5-hydroxy
>COG0788 PurU Formyltetrahydrofolate hydrolase [Nucleotide transport and metabolism]
ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH), both peripheral (TPH1) and neuronal (TPH2) enzymes. TPH catalyses the hydroxylation of L-Trp to 5-hydroxytryptophan, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and the first reaction in the synthesis of melatonin. Very little is known about the role of the ACT domain in TPH, which appears to be regulated by phosphorylation but not by its substrate or cofactor. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
The ACT_PSP_2 CD includes the second of the two ACT domains found N-terminal of phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP, SerB). PSPs belong to the L-2-haloacid dehalogenase-like protein superfamily. PSP is involved in serine metabolism; serine is synthesized from phosphoglycerate through sequential reactions catalyzed by 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (SerA), 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase (SerC), and SerB. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains
This CD includes each of two tandem C-terminal ACT domains of threonine dehydratase I (ThrD-I; L-threonine hydrolyase) which catalyzes the committed step in branched chain amino acid biosynthesis in plants and microorganisms, the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent dehydration/deamination of L-threonine (or L-serine) to 2-ketobutyrate (or pyruvate). ThrD-I is a cooperative, feedback-regulated (isoleucine and valine) allosteric enzyme that forms a tetramer and contains four pyridoxal phosphate moieties. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylases (TH). TH catalyses the hydroxylation of L-Tyr to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines (dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline), functioning as hormones and neurotransmitters. The enzyme is not regulated by its amino acid substrate, but instead by phosphorylation at several serine residues located N-terminal of the ACT domain, and by feedback inhibition by catecholamines at the active site. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04906 ACT_ThrD-I_1 First of two tandem C-terminal ACT domains of threonine dehydratase I (ThrD-I; L-threonine hydrolyase)
This CD includes the first of two tandem C-terminal ACT domains of threonine dehydratase I (ThrD-I; L-threonine hydrolyase) which catalyzes the committed step in branched chain amino acid biosynthesis in plants and microorganisms, the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent dehydration/deamination of L-threonine (or L-serine) to 2-ketobutyrate (or pyruvate). ThrD-I is a cooperative, feedback-regulated (isoleucine and valine) allosteric enzyme that forms a tetramer and contains four pyridoxal phosphate moieties. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
This model represents a long form of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, the serA gene of one pathway of serine biosynthesis. Shorter forms, scoring between trusted and noise cutoff, include SerA from E. coli.
>COG2150 Predicted regulator of amino acid metabolism, contains ACT domain [General function prediction only]
This CD includes the first of two ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKIII, a monofunctional class enzyme found in bacteria (Escherichia coli (EC) LysC). Aspartokinase is the first enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway and catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. The E. coli AKIII (LysC) binds two feedback allosteric inhibitor lysine molecules at the dimer interface located between the ACT1 domain of two subunits. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>TIGR01127 ilvA_1Cterm threonine dehydratase, medium form
A form of threonine dehydratase with two copies of the C-terminal domain Pfam:PF00585 is described by TIGR01124. This model describes a phylogenetically distinct form with a single copy of pfam00585. This form branches with the catabolic threonine dehydratase of E. coli; many members are designated as catabolic for this reason. However, the catabolic form lacks any pfam00585 domain. Many members of this model are found in species with other Ile biosynthetic enzymes.
>cd04935 ACT_AKiii-DAPDC_1 ACT domains of a bifunctional AKIII (LysC)-like aspartokinase/meso-diaminopimelate decarboxylase (DAPDC) bacterial protein
This CD includes the first of two ACT domains of a bifunctional AKIII (LysC)-like aspartokinase/meso-diaminopimelate decarboxylase (DAPDC) bacterial protein. Aspartokinase (AK) is the first enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway and catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. The lysA gene encodes the enzyme DAPDC, a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme which catalyzes the final step in the lysine biosynthetic pathway converting meso-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) to l-lysine. Tandem ACT domains are positioned centrally with the AK catalytic domain N-terminal and the DAPDC domains C-terminal. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04891 ACT_AK-LysC-DapG-like_1 ACT domains of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKII and related proteins
This CD includes the N-terminal of the two ACT domains of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKII of Bacillus subtilis (BS) strain 168, and the lysine plus threonine-sensitive aspartokinase of Corynebacterium glutamicum, as well as, the first and third, of four, ACT domains present in cyanobacteria AK. Also included are the N-terminal of the two ACT domains of the diaminopimelate-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKI found in Bacilli (Bacillus subtilis strain 168), Clostridia, and Actinobacteria bacterial species. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>COG1707 ACT domain-containing protein [General function prediction only]
This CD includes each of two ACT domains C-terminal to the catalytic domain of aspartokinase (AK; 4-L-aspartate-4-phosphotransferase). Typically, AK consists of two ACT domains in a tandem repeat, but the second ACT domain is inserted within the first, resulting in, what is normally the terminal beta strand of ACT2, formed from a region N-terminal of ACT1. AK catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. Aspartokinase is the first enzyme in the pathway of the biosynthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine, and isoleucine) and the bacterial cell wall component, meso-diaminopimelate. One mechanism for the regulation of this pathway is by the production of several isoenzymes of aspartokinase with different repressors and allosteric inhibitors. Pairs of ACT domains are proposed to specifically bind am
>cd04919 ACT_AK-Hom3_2 ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the aspartokinase (AK) HOM3
This CD includes the second of two ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the aspartokinase (AK) HOM3, a monofunctional class enzyme found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and other related ACT domains. AK is the first enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway, catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP, and in fungi, is responsible for the production of threonine, isoleucine and methionine. S. cerevisiae has a single AK, which is regulated by feedback, allosteric inhibition by L-threonine. Recent studies shown that the allosteric transition triggered by binding of threonine to AK involves a large change in the conformation of the native hexameric enzyme that is converted to an inactive one of different shape and substantially smaller hydrodynamic size. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04921 ACT_AKi-HSDH-ThrA-like_1 ACT domains of the bifunctional enzyme aspartokinase (AK) - homoserine dehydrogenase (HSDH)
This CD includes the first of two ACT domains of the bifunctional enzyme aspartokinase (AK) - homoserine dehydrogenase (HSDH). The ACT domains are positioned between the N-terminal catalytic domain of AK and the C-terminal HSDH domain found in bacteria (Escherichia coli (EC) ThrA) and higher plants (Zea mays AK-HSDH). AK and HSDH are the first and third enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of the aspartate family of amino acids. AK catalyzes the phosphorylation of Asp to P-aspartyl phosphate. HSDH catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion of Asp 3-semialdehyde to homoserine. HSDH is the first committed reaction in the branch of the pathway that leads to Thr and Met. In E. coli, ThrA is subject to allosteric regulation by the end product L-threonine and the native enzyme is reported to be tetrameric. As with bacteria, plant AK and HSDH are feedback inhibited by pat
This CD includes the second of two ACT domains of the bifunctional enzyme aspartokinase (AK) - homoserine dehydrogenase (HSDH). The ACT domains are positioned between the N-terminal catalytic domain of AK and the C-terminal HSDH domain found in bacteria (Escherichia coli (EC) ThrA) and higher plants (Zea mays AK-HSDH). AK and HSDH are the first and third enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of the aspartate family of amino acids. AK catalyzes the phosphorylation of Asp to P-aspartyl phosphate. HSDH catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion of Asp 3-semialdehyde to homoserine. HSDH is the first committed reaction in the branch of the pathway that leads to Thr and Met. In E. coli, ThrA is subject to allosteric regulation by the end product L-threonine and the native enzyme is reported to be tetrameric. As with bacteria, plant AK and HSDH are feedback inhibited by pathwa
>cd04913 ACT_AKii-LysC-BS-like_1 ACT domains of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKII of Bacillus subtilis (BS) strain 168 and related proteins
This CD includes the N-terminal of the two ACT domains of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKII of Bacillus subtilis (BS) strain 168, and the lysine plus threonine-sensitive aspartokinase of Corynebacterium glutamicum, and related sequences. In B. subtilis 168, the regulation of the diaminopimelate (Dap)-lysine biosynthetic pathway involves dual control by Dap and lysine, effected through separate Dap- and lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzymes. The B. subtilis 168 AKII is induced by methionine and repressed and inhibited by lysine. Although Corynebacterium glutamicum is known to contain a single aspartokinase, both the succinylase and dehydrogenase variant pathways of DAP-lysine synthesis operate simultaneously in this organism. In corynebacteria and other various Gram-positive bacteria, the DAP-lysine pathway is fee
This model describes tryptophan 5-monooxygenase, a member of the family of tetrameric, biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases found in metazoans. It is closely related to tetrameric phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and more distantly related to the monomeric phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase found in some Gram-negative bacteria.
The member of this family from Drosophila has been described as having both phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase and tryptophan 5-monoxygenase activity (PubMed:1371286). However, a Drosophila member of the tryptophan 5-monoxygenase clade has subsequently been discovered.
>cd04912 ACT_AKiii-LysC-EC-like_1 ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKIII
This CD includes the first of two ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKIII, a monofunctional class enzyme found in bacteria (Escherichia coli (EC) LysC) and plants, (Zea mays Ask1, Ask2, and Arabidopsis thaliana AK1). Aspartokinase is the first enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway and catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. Like the A. thaliana AK1 (AK1-AT), the E. coli AKIII (LysC) has two bound feedback allosteric inhibitor lysine molecules at the dimer interface located between the ACT1 domain of two subunits. The lysine-sensitive plant isoenzyme is synergistically inhibited by S-adenosylmethionine. A homolog of this group appears to be the Saccharomyces cerevisiae AK (Hom3) which clusters with this group as well. Members of this CD
>cd04937 ACT_AKi-DapG-BS_2 ACT domains of the diaminopimelate-sensitive aspartokinase (AK) isoenzyme AKI
This CD includes the C-terminal of the two ACT domains of the diaminopimelate-sensitive aspartokinase (AK) isoenzyme AKI, a monofunctional class enzyme found in Bacilli (Bacillus subtilis (BS) strain 168), Clostridia, and Actinobacteria bacterial species. In B. subtilis, the regulation of the diaminopimelate-lysine biosynthetic pathway involves dual control by diaminopimelate and lysine, effected through separate diaminopimelate- and lysine-sensitive AK isoenzymes. AKI activity is invariant during the exponential and stationary phases of growth and is not altered by addition of amino acids to the growth medium. The role of this isoenzyme is most likely to provide a constant level of aspartyl-beta-phosphate for the biosynthesis of diaminopimelate for peptidoglycan synthesis and dipicolinate during sporulation. The BS AKI is tetrameric consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits; th
>COG3978 Acetolactate synthase (isozyme II), small (regulatory) subunit [Function unknown]
This CD includes the second of two ACT domains C-terminal to the catalytic domain of aspartokinase (AK; 4-L-aspartate-4-phosphotransferase). The exception in this group, is the inclusion of the first ACT domain of the bifunctional aspartokinase - homoserine dehydrogenase-like enzyme group (ACT_AKi-HSDH-ThrA-like_1) which includes the monofunctional, threonine-sensitive, aspartokinase found in Methanococcus jannaschii and other related archaeal species. AK catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. AK is the first enzyme in the pathway of the biosynthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine, and isoleucine) and the bacterial cell wall component, meso-diaminopimelate. One mechanism for the regulation of this pathway is by the production of several isoenzymes of AK with different repressors an
>cd04916 ACT_AKiii-YclM-BS_2 ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the lysine plus threonine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKIII
This CD includes the second of two ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the lysine plus threonine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKIII, a monofunctional class enzyme found in Bacilli (Bacillus subtilis (BS) YclM) and Clostridia species. Aspartokinase is the first enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway and catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. B. subtilis YclM is reported to be a single polypeptide of 50 kD. AKIII from B. subtilis strain 168 is induced by lysine and repressed by threonine and it is synergistically inhibited by lysine and threonine. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04924 ACT_AK-Arch_2 ACT domains of a monofunctional aspartokinase found mostly in Archaea species (ACT_AK-Arch_2)
Included in this CD is the second of two ACT domains of a monofunctional aspartokinase found mostly in Archaea species (ACT_AK-Arch_2). The first or N-terminal ACT domain of these proteins cluster with the ThrA-like ACT 1 domains (ACT_AKi-HSDH-ThrA-like_1) which includes the threonine-sensitive archaeal Methanococcus jannaschii aspartokinase ACT 1 domain. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
>cd04934 ACT_AK-Hom3_1 CT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the aspartokinase (AK) HOM3, a monofunctional class enzyme found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and other related ACT domains
This CD includes the first of two ACT domains located C-terminal to the catalytic domain of the aspartokinase (AK) HOM3, a monofunctional class enzyme found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and other related ACT domains. AK is the first enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway, catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP, and in fungi, is responsible for the production of threonine, isoleucine and methionine. S. cerevisiae has a single AK, which is regulated by feedback, allosteric inhibition by L-threonine. Recent studies shown that the allosteric transition triggered by binding of threonine to AK involves a large change in the conformation of the native hexameric enzyme that is converted to an inactive one of different shape and substantially smaller hydro
>cd04890 ACT_AK-like_1 ACT domains found C-terminal to the catalytic domain of aspartokinase (AK; 4-L-aspartate-4-phosphotransferase)
This CD includes the first of two ACT domains found C-terminal to the catalytic domain of aspartokinase (AK; 4-L-aspartate-4-phosphotransferase). AK catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP, and is the first enzyme in the pathway of the biosynthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids, lysine, threonine, methionine, and isoleucine. This CD, includes the first ACT domain of the Escherichia coli (EC) isoenzyme, AKIII (LysC) and the Arabidopsis isoenzyme, asparate kinase 1, both enzymes monofunctional and involved in lysine synthesis, as well as the the first ACT domain of Bacillus subtilis (BS) isoenzyme, AKIII (YclM), and of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae AK (Hom3). Also included are the first ACT domains of the Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum AK, the first enzyme of the ectoine biosynthetic pathway. Members of this CD bel
>COG0440 IlvH Acetolactate synthase, small (regulatory) subunit [Amino acid transport and metabolism]
>2re1_A Aspartokinase, alpha and beta subunits; structural genomics, protein structure initiative, midwest center for structural genomics; 2.75A {Neisseria meningitidis MC58}
>2re1_A Aspartokinase, alpha and beta subunits; structural genomics, protein structure initiative, midwest center for structural genomics; 2.75A {Neisseria meningitidis MC58}
