The Spred family has the following domains: an N-terminal EVH1 domain, a unique KBD (c-Kit kinase binding) domain which that is phosphorylated by the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit, and a C-terminal cysteine-rich SPR (Sprouty-related) domain which is involved in membrane localization. There are 3 Spred proteins: Spred1 which interacts with both Ras and Raf through its SPR domain; Spred2 which is the most abundant isoform; and Spred3 which has a non-functional KBD and maintains the inhibitory action on Raf. Legius syndrome is caused by heterozygous mutations in Spred1. Both EVH1 and SPR domains are involved in the inhibition of the MAP kinase pathway by Spred proteins. The specific function of the Spred2 EVH1 domain is unknown and there are no known interacting proteins to date. It is thought that its EVH1 domain will have a fourth distinct peptide binding mechanism within the EVH1 family. The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superamily. There are 5 EVH1 subfamilies: Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, Dcp1, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains. Length = 113
Score = 73.3 bits (180), Expect = 6e-19
Identities = 26/59 (44%), Positives = 33/59 (55%)
Query: 9 GSEISFTGVVLSCTITRDFTYNKVMPTFHHWQTGNKKFGLTFQAAADARAFDQGVRNAL 67
G +I VV++CTI ++ YNK TFH W FGL F + DAR F + VR AL
Sbjct: 44 GEDIKDKKVVINCTIRKNLVYNKATQTFHQWADDRTVFGLNFASEEDARKFARAVREAL 102
The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superfamily. EVH1 subfamilies include Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains. Length = 102
>gnl|CDD|214674 smart00461, WH1, WASP homology region 1
Score = 57.4 bits (139), Expect = 1e-12
Identities = 15/48 (31%), Positives = 26/48 (54%)
Query: 16 GVVLSCTITRDFTYNKVMPTFHHWQTGNKKFGLTFQAAADARAFDQGV 63
V+ + + ++F YN+ PTFH W +GL F + +A+ F + V
Sbjct: 55 KVIWNQELYKNFKYNQATPTFHQWADDKCVYGLNFASEEEAKKFRKKV 102
Region of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) that contains point mutations in the majority of patients with WAS. Unknown function. Ena-like WH1 domains bind polyproline-containing peptides, and that Homer contains a WH1 domain. Length = 106
>gnl|CDD|241243 cd01207, EVH1_Ena_VASP-like, Enabled/VASP family EVH1 domain
Score = 50.0 bits (120), Expect = 8e-10
Identities = 20/51 (39%), Positives = 29/51 (56%)
Query: 17 VVLSCTITRDFTYNKVMPTFHHWQTGNKKFGLTFQAAADARAFDQGVRNAL 67
VV++C I + YN+ PTFH W+ + +GL F + DA F Q + AL
Sbjct: 54 VVINCAIVKGLKYNQATPTFHQWRDSRQVYGLNFSSKEDADTFAQAMLLAL 104
Ena/VASP family includes proteins such as: Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), enabled gene product from Drosophila (Ena), mammalian enabled (Mena) and Ena/VASP-Like protein (EVL) localize to focal adhesions and to sites of actin filament dynamics. These proteins share a common modular organization with a highly conserved N- and C-terminal domains, termed Ena/VASP homology domains 1 and 2 (EVH1 and EVH2), that are separated by a central proline-rich domain. The EVH1 domain binds to other proteins at proline rich sequences. The majority of Ena-VASP type EVH1 domains recognize FPPPP motifs such as in the focal adhesion proteins zyxin and vinculin, and the ActA surface protein of Listeria monocytogenes, however the LIM3 domain of Tes lacks the FPPPP motif but still binds the EVH1 domain of Mena. It has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains. EVH2 mediates oligomerization within the family. The proline-rich region binds SH3 and WW domains as well as profilin, a protein that regulates actin filament dynamics. The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superamily. There are 5 EVH1 subfamilies: Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, Dcp1, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains. Length = 108
Score = 40.1 bits (94), Expect = 7e-06
Identities = 16/57 (28%), Positives = 27/57 (47%)
Query: 11 EISFTGVVLSCTITRDFTYNKVMPTFHHWQTGNKKFGLTFQAAADARAFDQGVRNAL 67
+I V+ + I + YN+ P FH + +GL F + +A F + V+ AL
Sbjct: 55 DIQDGKVIWNQEIYPNMEYNQARPFFHTFADSRCVYGLNFASEEEATKFAKAVQEAL 111
WASp Homology domain 1 (WH1) domain. WASP is the protein that is defective in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS). The majority of point mutations occur within the amino- terminal WH1 domain. The metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1alpha and mGluR5 bind a protein called homer, which is a WH1 domain homologue. A subset of WH1 domains has been termed a "EVH1" domain and appear to bind a polyproline motif. Length = 111
Enabled-VASP-type homology (EVH1) domain. The EVH1 domain binds to other proteins at proline rich sequences. It is found in proteins involved in cytoskeletal reorganization such as Enabled and VASP. Ena-VASP type EVH1 domains specifically recognize FPPPP motifs in the focal adhesion proteins zyxin and vinculin, and the ActA surface protein of Listeria monocytogenes. It has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.
EVH1 (Enabled, Vasp-Homology) or WASP Homology (WH1) domain. The EVH1 domain binds to other proteins at proline rich sequences in either FPPPP or PPXXF motifs. It is found in the cytoskeletal reorganization proteins Enabled VASP, and WASP, and in the synaptic scaffolding protein Homer. It has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.
Homer type EVH1 domain. Homer is a synaptic scaffolding protein, involved in neuronal signaling. It contains an EVH1 domain, which binds to both neurotransmitter receptors, such as the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) and to other scaffolding proteins via PPXXF motifs, in order to target them to the synaptic junction. It has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.
Region of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) that contains point mutations in the majority of patients with WAS. Unknown function. Ena-like WH1 domains bind polyproline-containing peptides, and that Homer contains a WH1 domain.
>PF00568 WH1: WH1 domain; InterPro: IPR000697 The EVH1 (WH1, RanBP1-WASP) domain is found in multi-domain proteins implicated in a diverse range of signalling, nuclear transport and cytoskeletal events
This domain of around 115 amino acids is present in species ranging from yeast to mammals. Many EVH1-containing proteins associate with actin-based structures and play a role in cytoskeletal organisation. EVH1 domains recognise and bind the proline-rich motif FPPPP with low-affinity, further interactions then form between flanking residues [][]. WASP family proteins contain a EVH1 (WH1) in their N-terminals which bind proline-rich sequences in the WASP interacting protein. Proteins of the RanBP1 family contain a WH1 domain in their N-terminal region, which seems to bind a different sequence motif present in the C-terminal part of RanGTP protein [,]. Tertiary structure of the WH1 domain of the Mena protein revealed structure similarities with the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. The overall fold consists of a compact parallel beta-sandwich, closed along one edge by a long alpha-helix. A highly conserved cluster of three surface-exposed aromatic side-chains forms the recognition site for the molecules target ligands. [].; GO: 0005515 protein binding; PDB: 1I2H_A 1DDV_A 1DDW_A 1EGX_A 3SYX_A 1TJ6_B 1XOD_B 1EVH_A 1I7A_B 2JP2_A ....
WASP-type EVH1 domain. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked recessive disease, characterized by eczema, immunodeficiency, and thrombocytopenia. The majority of patients with WAS, or a milder version of the disorder, X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT), have point mutations in the EVH1 domain of WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein). WASP is an actin regulatory protein consisting of an N-terminal EVH1 domain, a basic region, a GTP binding domain, a proline rich region and a WH2 acidic region. Yeast members lack the GTP binding domain. WASP binds a 25 residue proline rich motif from the WASP Interacting Protein (WIP) via its N-terminal EVH1 domain.
Ran-binding domain; This domain of approximately 150 residues shares structural similarity to the PH domain, but lacks detectable sequence similarity. Ran is a Ras-like nuclear small GTPase, which regulates receptor-mediated transport between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. RanGTP hydrolysis is stimulated by RanGAP together with the Ran-binding domain containing acessory proteins RanBP1 and RanBP2. These accessory proteins stabilize the active GTP-bound form of Ran . The Ran-binding domain is found in multiple copies in Nuclear pore complex proteins.
>PF00638 Ran_BP1: RanBP1 domain; InterPro: IPR000156 Ran is an evolutionary conserved member of the Ras superfamily that regulates all receptor-mediated transport between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
Ran Binding Protein 1 (RanBP1) has guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitory activity, specific for the GTP form of Ran and also functions to stimulate Ran GTPase activating protein(GAP)-mediated GTP hydrolysis by Ran. RanBP1 contributes to maintaining the gradient of RanGTP across the nuclear envelope high (GDI activity) or the cytoplasmic levels of RanGTP low (GAP cofactor) []. All RanBP1 proteins contain an approx 150 amino acid residue Ran binding domain. Ran BP1 binds directly to RanGTP with high affinity. There are four sites of contact between Ran and the Ran binding domain. One of these involves binding of the C-terminal segment of Ran to a groove on the Ran binding domain that is analogous to the surface utilised in the EVH1-peptide interaction []. Nup358 contains four Ran binding domains. The structure of the first of these is known [].; GO: 0046907 intracellular transport; PDB: 2Y8F_A 2Y8G_B 2CRF_A 1XKE_A 1RRP_D 2EC1_A 3M1I_B 1K5D_E 3OAN_A 3N7C_A ....
>pdb|3SYX|A Chain A, Crystal Structure Of The Wh1 Domain From Human Sprouty-Related, Evh1 Domain-Containing Protein. Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium Target Hr5538b Length = 130
>pdb|2JP2|A Chain A, Solution Structure And Resonance Assignment Of The N- Terminal Evh1 Domain From The Human Spred2 Protein (Sprouty-Related Protein With Evh1 Domain Isoform 2) Length = 126
>2crf_A RAN binding protein 3; RAN_BP1 domain, ranbp3, structural genomics, NPPSFA, national project on protein structural and functional analyses; NMR {Homo sapiens} SCOP: b.55.1.3
>2jya_A AGR_C_3324P, uncharacterized protein ATU1810; protein with unknown function ATU1810, ontario centre for ST proteomics, OCSP; NMR {Agrobacterium tumefaciens str}
