Score = 172 (65.6 bits), Expect = 2.5e-12, P = 2.5e-12
Identities = 39/96 (40%), Positives = 56/96 (58%)
Query: 2 INSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFY 61
+N+F + G + DV P +S+D+ST +VL NA+HFKG W++PF P AT PF+
Sbjct: 163 VNAF--VSDATEGLIRDVLP---PNSVDSSTVVVLANAVHFKGTWSLPFHPSATFHAPFH 217
Query: 62 LDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
L D +V+ P M + F + A GF L+LPY
Sbjct: 218 LLDGGAVRAPFMTTEIPFERHV-AAFPGFTALKLPY 252
Score = 157 (60.3 bits), Expect = 9.1e-11, P = 9.1e-11
Identities = 37/96 (38%), Positives = 54/96 (56%)
Query: 2 INSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFY 61
+NS+A +++ G + +V P S D+ TKL+ NA++FKG W F T++G F+
Sbjct: 138 VNSWA--EKETNGLITEVLP---EGSADSMTKLIFANALYFKGTWNEKFDESLTQEGEFH 192
Query: 62 LDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
L D N V P M K Y+ + DGFK+L LPY
Sbjct: 193 LLDGNKVTAPFMTSKKKQYV---SAYDGFKVLGLPY 225
Score = 150 (57.9 bits), Expect = 9.4e-11, P = 9.4e-11
Identities = 37/105 (35%), Positives = 58/105 (55%)
Query: 1 MINSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPF 60
+INS+ +++Q G + D+ + S D T LVL+NAI+FKG W F E T++ PF
Sbjct: 92 LINSW--VEKQTEGQIKDLL---VSSSTDLDTTLVLVNAIYFKGMWKTAFNAEDTREMPF 146
Query: 61 YLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPYGIGTYTQL 105
++ S V +M + +SF + E K+LELP+ G + L
Sbjct: 147 HVTKEESKPVQMMCMNNSFNVATLPAEK-MKILELPFASGDLSML 190
Structure is a multi-domain fold containing a bundle of helices and a beta sandwich. Length = 369
>gnl|CDD|238101 cd00172, SERPIN, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms
Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Serpins are of medical interest because mutants have been associated with blood clotting disorders, emphysema, cirrhosis, and dementia. Length = 364
Score = 81.3 bits (201), Expect = 1e-19
Identities = 41/96 (42%), Positives = 58/96 (60%), Gaps = 8/96 (8%)
Query: 2 INSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFY 61
+NS+ +++ G + D+ P S+D+STKLVL NA++FKG W+ F TKD F+
Sbjct: 131 VNSW--VEKATNGLIKDILP---PGSVDSSTKLVLANALYFKGAWSSKFDASDTKDRDFH 185
Query: 62 LDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
L D SV+VP M + Y+ A DGFK+L LPY
Sbjct: 186 LLDGTSVRVPFMSSEKDQYV---AAFDGFKVLRLPY 218
It has been suggested that plant serpins play a role in defense against insect predators. This subgroup corresponds to clade P of the serpin superfamily. In general, serpins exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Length = 381
Score = 79.0 bits (195), Expect = 1e-18
Identities = 38/97 (39%), Positives = 59/97 (60%), Gaps = 8/97 (8%)
Query: 2 INSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFY 61
INS+ +++Q G + ++ P S+D+ T+LVL+NAI+FKG W F E T++ PF
Sbjct: 133 INSW--VERQTEGKIQNLLPP---GSVDSLTRLVLVNAIYFKGNWEEKFLKENTRERPFR 187
Query: 62 LDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYM-YEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
L+ + V +MF+K F + Y E E ++LELPY
Sbjct: 188 LNKNTTKPVQMMFLKKKFPITYIE--ELKAQVLELPY 222
PAI-2 is a serine protease inhibitor that belongs to the ov-serpin branch of the serpin superfamily. It is is an effective inhibitor of urinary plasminogen activator (urokinase or uPA) and is involved in cell differentiation, tissue growth and regeneration. Length = 380
Score = 78.6 bits (194), Expect = 1e-18
Identities = 30/77 (38%), Positives = 43/77 (55%), Gaps = 3/77 (3%)
Query: 26 DSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEA 85
D +D + LINA++FKG W PF ++T + PFYL D ++ +VP M +F E
Sbjct: 146 DKIDPDDVMFLINAVYFKGDWQEPFDKQSTYEAPFYLPDGSTKEVPFMSRTGNFRYLE-- 203
Query: 86 GEDGFKMLELPYGIGTY 102
GF+ + LPYG G
Sbjct: 204 -TPGFQAVRLPYGDGRL 219
Little information about specific functions is available for this subgroup, most likely they are inhibitory members of the serpin superfamily. In general, serpins exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors. Length = 364
This family contains a variety of different members of clade A of the serpin superfamily. They include the classical serine proteinase inhibitors, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, protein C inhibitor, kallistatin, and noninhibitory serpins, like corticosteroid and thyroxin binding globulins. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Serpins are of medical interest because mutants have been associated with blood clotting disorders, emphysema, cirrhosis, and dementia. Length = 361
>gnl|CDD|238999 cd02044, ov-serpin, ovalbumin family of serpins (ov-serpins)
Score = 71.0 bits (174), Expect = 8e-16
Identities = 35/100 (35%), Positives = 57/100 (57%), Gaps = 6/100 (6%)
Query: 2 INSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFY 61
INS+ IK Q G + ++ P +S+D+ T +V++NA +FKGKW F E TK+ PF
Sbjct: 129 INSW--IKDQTKGKIENLLP---ENSVDSQTAMVVVNAAYFKGKWMKKFSEEETKESPFR 183
Query: 62 LDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPYGIGT 101
++ T + V +M+++ +F M K+LELP+
Sbjct: 184 VNKTETKPVQMMYMEATFNMGNIESL-KMKILELPFANKD 222
Family of closely related proteins, whose members can be secreted (ovalbumin), cytosolic (leukocyte elastase inhibitor, LEI), or targeted to both compartments (plasminogen activator inhibitor 2, PAI-2). This subgroup corresponds to clade B of the serpin superfamily. In general, serpins exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Serpins are of medical interest because mutants can cause blood clotting disorders, emphysema, cirrhosis, and dementia. Length = 370
>gnl|CDD|239003 cd02048, neuroserpin, Neuroserpin is a inhibitory member of the SERine Proteinase INhibitor (serpin) family that reacts preferentially with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)
Score = 69.1 bits (169), Expect = 4e-15
Identities = 32/80 (40%), Positives = 48/80 (60%), Gaps = 5/80 (6%)
Query: 23 FFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMY 82
F + T+LVL+NA++FKG W F+PE T+ F DD + VQ+P+M+ + FY
Sbjct: 145 FSSRDFTPLTRLVLVNALYFKGNWKSQFRPENTRTFSFTKDDESEVQIPMMYQQGEFYYG 204
Query: 83 E---EAGEDG--FKMLELPY 97
E + E G +++LELPY
Sbjct: 205 EFSDGSNEAGGIYQVLELPY 224
It is located in neurons in regions of the brain where tPA is also found, suggesting that neuroserpin is the selective inhibitor of tPA in the central nervous system (CNS). This subgroup corresponds to clade I of the serpin superfamily. Length = 388
Score = 68.3 bits (167), Expect = 7e-15
Identities = 32/84 (38%), Positives = 47/84 (55%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 29 DASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGED 88
DA T+LVL+NA++FKG W F+PE+TK F+ D + QVP++ F + +
Sbjct: 156 DALTRLVLVNALYFKGLWKSRFQPESTKKRTFHAGDGKTYQVPMLAQLSVFRSGSASTPN 215
Query: 89 G--FKMLELPY---GIGTYTQLPT 107
G + ++ELPY I LPT
Sbjct: 216 GLWYNIIELPYHGESISMLIALPT 239
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the primary, fast-acting inhibitor of plasminogen activators. It is often bound to vitronectin, an abundant component of the extracellular matrix in many tissues. Protease nexin-1 is a potent serpin able to inhibit thrombin, plasmin, and plasminogen activators. PAI-1 and nexin-1 are members of the serpin superfamily and represent clade E. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Length = 377
>gnl|CDD|239000 cd02045, antithrombin-III_like, Antithrombin is a serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) which controls the process of coagulation
Score = 65.6 bits (160), Expect = 6e-14
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 47/84 (55%), Gaps = 4/84 (4%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
+ DV P ++D +T LVL+NAI+FKG W F E T+ F+ VP+M
Sbjct: 150 NRITDVIP---EGAIDTNTVLVLVNAIYFKGLWKSKFDKENTRKDLFHKAPGEKCPVPMM 206
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ ++S + Y + ED ++LELPY
Sbjct: 207 Y-QESKFRYAKIPEDKVQVLELPY 229
It is the most important anticoagulant molecule in mammalian circulation systems, controlled by its interaction with the co-factor, heparin, which accelerates its interaction with target proteases, such as thrombin and factor Xa. This subgroup corresponds to clade C of the serpin superfamily. Length = 381
>gnl|CDD|239014 cd02059, ovalbumin_like, The ovalbumin_like group of serpins contains ovalbumin, the squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 (SCCA1) and other closely related serpins of clade B of the serpin superfamily
Score = 63.6 bits (155), Expect = 3e-13
Identities = 40/112 (35%), Positives = 60/112 (53%), Gaps = 15/112 (13%)
Query: 1 MINSFALIKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPF 60
INS+ ++ Q G + ++F ++D+ST LVL+NAI+FKGKW F+ E T D PF
Sbjct: 145 KINSW--VESQTNGKIKNLFG---KGTIDSSTVLVLVNAIYFKGKWEKKFEKENTVDAPF 199
Query: 61 YLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSF---YMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY---GIGTYTQLP 106
L++ + V +M+ F + E K+LELPY G+ LP
Sbjct: 200 KLNENENKPVQMMYQIGKFKLASIEEP----KMKILELPYAGGGLSMIVLLP 247
Ovalbumin, the major protein component of avian egg white, is a non-inhibitory member of SERine Proteinase INhibitorS (serpins). In contrast, SCCA1 inhibits cysteine proteinases such as cathepsin S, K, L, and papain, a so called cross-class serpin. Length = 389
>gnl|CDD|239010 cd02055, PZI, Protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI) is a member of the serpin superfamily of proteinase inhibitors (clade A10)
Score = 58.0 bits (140), Expect = 3e-11
Identities = 29/72 (40%), Positives = 45/72 (62%), Gaps = 5/72 (6%)
Query: 8 IKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNS 67
IK++ G + ++F D +D +KL+L++ I FKGKW PF PE T+ F++D S
Sbjct: 136 IKKETKGKIPELF-----DEIDPESKLILLDYIFFKGKWLTPFDPEFTEIDTFHIDKYKS 190
Query: 68 VQVPLMFVKDSF 79
++VP+MF D F
Sbjct: 191 IKVPMMFGADKF 202
ZPI inhibits coagulation factor Xa , dependent on protein Z (PZ), a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein. ZPI also inhibits factor XIa in a process that does not require PZ. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Length = 365
Score = 54.9 bits (132), Expect = 4e-10
Identities = 28/85 (32%), Positives = 38/85 (44%), Gaps = 6/85 (7%)
Query: 26 DSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEA 85
D + T+LVL NAI+F GKW F + T FY V +M + F E +
Sbjct: 187 DYIGPDTRLVLTNAIYFNGKWWPEFDKQMTGKRTFYPAKGEDKSVDMMSICGDFNYGETS 246
Query: 86 GEDGFKMLELPYG---IGTYTQLPT 107
K++ELPY + Y LP
Sbjct: 247 ---KAKIVELPYKGDDLSMYIVLPK 268
Length = 410
>gnl|CDD|239008 cd02053, alpha2AP, Alpha2-antiplasmin (alpha2AP) is the primary inhibitor of plasmin, a proteinase that digests fibrin, the main component of blood clots
Score = 53.6 bits (129), Expect = 1e-09
Identities = 23/50 (46%), Positives = 29/50 (58%)
Query: 24 FTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
F L T L+L+NAIHFKG W F P T+ F+LDD +V V +M
Sbjct: 138 FLSDLPHDTVLLLLNAIHFKGFWRNKFDPSLTQRDAFHLDDDFTVSVEMM 187
Alpha2-Antiplasmin forms an inactive 1 : 1 stoichiometric complex with plasmin. It also rapidly crosslinks to fibrin during blood clotting by activated coagulation factor XIII, and as a consequence fibrin becomes more resistant to fibrinolysis. Therefore alpha2AP is important in modulating the effectiveness and persistence of fibrin with respect to its susceptibility to digestion and removal by plasmin. This subgroup corresponds to clade F2 of the serpin superfamily. Length = 351
>gnl|CDD|239005 cd02050, C1_inh, C1 inhibitor (C1-Inh) is a protease inhibitor of the serpin family
It plays a pivotal role in regulating the activation of the classical complement pathway and of the contact system, via regulating bradykinin formation, inhibiting factor XII and kallikrein of the contact system, and via acting on factor XI in the coagulation cascade. This subgroup corresponds to clade G of the serpin superfamily. Length = 352
PEDF is non-inhibitory member of the Serpin superfamily. It exhibits neurotrophic, neuroprotective and antiangiogenic properties and is widely expressed in the developing and adult nervous systems. This subgroup corresponds to clade F1 of the serpin superfamily. Length = 374
>gnl|CDD|239012 cd02057, maspin_like, Maspin (mammary serine proteinase inhibitor), a member of the serpin superfamily, with a multitude of effects on cells and tissues at an assortment of developmental stages
Score = 46.1 bits (109), Expect = 5e-07
Identities = 24/72 (33%), Positives = 42/72 (58%), Gaps = 1/72 (1%)
Query: 26 DSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEA 85
+S++ TK++++NA +F G W F TK+ PF ++ T + V +M ++ +F M
Sbjct: 148 NSVNDQTKILVVNAAYFVGNWMKKFPESETKECPFRVNKTETKPVQMMNLEATFSM-GYI 206
Query: 86 GEDGFKMLELPY 97
E K+LELP+
Sbjct: 207 DELNTKILELPF 218
Maspin has tumor suppressing activity against breast and prostate cancer. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Length = 372
>gnl|CDD|239009 cd02054, angiotensinogen, Angiotensinogen is part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which plays an important role in blood pressure regulation, renal haemodynamics, fluid and electrolyte homeostasis
It is also involved in normal and abnormal growth processes. The growth promoting actions of angiotensin have been shown in a variety of cells and tissues. This subgroup represents clade A8 of the serpin superfamily. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Length = 372
>gnl|CDD|239002 cd02047, HCII, Heparin cofactor II (HCII) inhibits thrombin, the final protease of the coagulation cascade
Score = 43.3 bits (102), Expect = 4e-06
Identities = 24/71 (33%), Positives = 41/71 (57%), Gaps = 1/71 (1%)
Query: 27 SLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAG 86
++D +T ++++N I+FKG W F E T + F L++ V+VP+M K +F +
Sbjct: 219 NVDPATLMMILNCIYFKGTWENKFPVEMTHNRNFRLNEKEVVKVPMMQTKGNFLAAADP- 277
Query: 87 EDGFKMLELPY 97
E +L+LPY
Sbjct: 278 ELDCDILQLPY 288
HCII is allosterically activated by binding to cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The specificity of HCII for thrombin is conferred by a highly acidic hirudin-like N-terminal tail, which becomes available after GAG binding for interaction with the anion-binding exosite I of thrombin. This subgroup corresponds to clade D of the serpin superfamily. Length = 436
>cd02057 maspin_like Maspin (mammary serine proteinase inhibitor), a member of the serpin superfamily, with a multitude of effects on cells and tissues at an assortment of developmental stages
Maspin has tumor suppressing activity against breast and prostate cancer. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones.
>cd02045 antithrombin-III_like Antithrombin is a serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) which controls the process of coagulation
It is the most important anticoagulant molecule in mammalian circulation systems, controlled by its interaction with the co-factor, heparin, which accelerates its interaction with target proteases, such as thrombin and factor Xa. This subgroup corresponds to clade C of the serpin superfamily.
>cd00172 SERPIN SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms
Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Serpins are of medical interest because mutants have been associated with blood clotting disorders, emphysema, cirrhosis, and dementia.
Family of closely related proteins, whose members can be secreted (ovalbumin), cytosolic (leukocyte elastase inhibitor, LEI), or targeted to both compartments (plasminogen activator inhibitor 2, PAI-2). This subgroup corresponds to clade B of the serpin superfamily. In general, serpins exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Serpins are of medical interest because mutants can cause blood clotting disorders, emphysema, cirrhosis, and dementia.
>cd02059 ovalbumin_like The ovalbumin_like group of serpins contains ovalbumin, the squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 (SCCA1) and other closely related serpins of clade B of the serpin superfamily
Ovalbumin, the major protein component of avian egg white, is a non-inhibitory member of SERine Proteinase INhibitorS (serpins). In contrast, SCCA1 inhibits cysteine proteinases such as cathepsin S, K, L, and papain, a so called cross-class serpin.
>cd02046 hsp47 Heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47), also called colligin, because of its collagen binding ability, is a chaperone specific for procollagen
It has been shown to be essential for collagen biosynthesis, but its exact function is still unclear. Hsp47 is a non-inhibitory member of the SERPIN superfamily and corresponds to clade H.
>cd02048 neuroserpin Neuroserpin is a inhibitory member of the SERine Proteinase INhibitor (serpin) family that reacts preferentially with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)
It is located in neurons in regions of the brain where tPA is also found, suggesting that neuroserpin is the selective inhibitor of tPA in the central nervous system (CNS). This subgroup corresponds to clade I of the serpin superfamily.
>cd02054 angiotensinogen Angiotensinogen is part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which plays an important role in blood pressure regulation, renal haemodynamics, fluid and electrolyte homeostasis
It is also involved in normal and abnormal growth processes. The growth promoting actions of angiotensin have been shown in a variety of cells and tissues. This subgroup represents clade A8 of the serpin superfamily. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones.
PAI-2 is a serine protease inhibitor that belongs to the ov-serpin branch of the serpin superfamily. It is is an effective inhibitor of urinary plasminogen activator (urokinase or uPA) and is involved in cell differentiation, tissue growth and regeneration.
PEDF is non-inhibitory member of the Serpin superfamily. It exhibits neurotrophic, neuroprotective and antiangiogenic properties and is widely expressed in the developing and adult nervous systems. This subgroup corresponds to clade F1 of the serpin superfamily.
>cd02053 alpha2AP Alpha2-antiplasmin (alpha2AP) is the primary inhibitor of plasmin, a proteinase that digests fibrin, the main component of blood clots
Alpha2-Antiplasmin forms an inactive 1 : 1 stoichiometric complex with plasmin. It also rapidly crosslinks to fibrin during blood clotting by activated coagulation factor XIII, and as a consequence fibrin becomes more resistant to fibrinolysis. Therefore alpha2AP is important in modulating the effectiveness and persistence of fibrin with respect to its susceptibility to digestion and removal by plasmin. This subgroup corresponds to clade F2 of the serpin superfamily.
>COG4826 Serine protease inhibitor [Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones]
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the primary, fast-acting inhibitor of plasminogen activators. It is often bound to vitronectin, an abundant component of the extracellular matrix in many tissues. Protease nexin-1 is a potent serpin able to inhibit thrombin, plasmin, and plasminogen activators. PAI-1 and nexin-1 are members of the serpin superfamily and represent clade E. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones.
This family contains a variety of different members of clade A of the serpin superfamily. They include the classical serine proteinase inhibitors, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, protein C inhibitor, kallistatin, and noninhibitory serpins, like corticosteroid and thyroxin binding globulins. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones. Serpins are of medical interest because mutants have been associated with blood clotting disorders, emphysema, cirrhosis, and dementia.
>cd02047 HCII Heparin cofactor II (HCII) inhibits thrombin, the final protease of the coagulation cascade
HCII is allosterically activated by binding to cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The specificity of HCII for thrombin is conferred by a highly acidic hirudin-like N-terminal tail, which becomes available after GAG binding for interaction with the anion-binding exosite I of thrombin. This subgroup corresponds to clade D of the serpin superfamily.
>PF00079 Serpin: Serpin (serine protease inhibitor); InterPro: IPR023796 Peptide proteinase inhibitors can be found as single domain proteins or as single or multiple domains within proteins; these are referred to as either simple or compound inhibitors, respectively
In many cases they are synthesised as part of a larger precursor protein, either as a prepropeptide or as an N-terminal domain associated with an inactive peptidase or zymogen. This domain prevents access of the substrate to the active site. Removal of the N-terminal inhibitor domain either by interaction with a second peptidase or by autocatalytic cleavage activates the zymogen. Other inhibitors interact direct with proteinases using a simple noncovalent lock and key mechanism; while yet others use a conformational change-based trapping mechanism that depends on their structural and thermodynamic properties. Serpins (SERine Proteinase INhibitors) [, , ] belong to MEROPS inhibitor family I4, clan ID. Serpins are proteins that are primarily known as irreversible serine protease inhibitors active against S1 (IPR001254 from INTERPRO), S8 (IPR000209 from INTERPRO) and C14 (IPR002398 from INTERPRO) peptidases. There are both extra- and intra-cellular serpins, which are found in all groups of organisms with the notable exception of fungi [, ]. In contrast to "rigid" proteinase inhibitors, such as those of the Kunitz or Kazal families, the serpins are metastable proteins (active-state proteins) which interact with their substrate and irreversibly trap the acyl intermediate as a result of a major conformational change []; they are best described as suicide substrate inhibitors. The common structure of these proteins is a multi-domain fold containing a bundle of 8 or 9 alpha helices and a beta sandwich formed by 3 beta sheets. The reactive centre loop (RCL) is found in the C-terminal part of these proteins. Serpins and their homologues are a group of high molecular weight (40 to 50 kDa) structurally related proteins involved in a number of fundamental biological processes such as blood coagulation, complement activation, fibrinolysis, angiogenesis, inflammation, tumour suppression and hormone transport. All known serpins have been classified into 16 clades and 10 orphan sequences; the vertebrate serpins can be conveniently classified into six sub-groups []. In human plasma they represent approximately 2% of the total protein, of which 70% is alpha-1-antitrypsin. On the basis of strong sequence similarities, a number of proteins with no known inhibitory activity also belong to this family, these include: angiotensinogen, corticosteroid-binding globulin and thyroxin-binding globulin []. This entry represents the structural domain of serpins. It consists of a cluster of helices and a beta-sandwich.; PDB: 3PZF_A 3B9F_I 1MTP_A 1SNG_A 1ANT_I 2ZNH_B 1BR8_I 1SR5_A 1E03_L 1AZX_L ....
>cd02043 plant_SERPIN SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins), plant specific subgroup
It has been suggested that plant serpins play a role in defense against insect predators. This subgroup corresponds to clade P of the serpin superfamily. In general, serpins exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors which regulate blood coagulation cascades. Non-inhibitory serpins perform many diverse functions such as chaperoning proteins or transporting hormones.
>cd02055 PZI Protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI) is a member of the serpin superfamily of proteinase inhibitors (clade A10)
ZPI inhibits coagulation factor Xa , dependent on protein Z (PZ), a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein. ZPI also inhibits factor XIa in a process that does not require PZ. In general, SERine Proteinase INhibitors (serpins) exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms.
Little information about specific functions is available for this subgroup, most likely they are inhibitory members of the serpin superfamily. In general, serpins exhibit conformational polymorphism shifting from native to cleaved, latent, delta, or polymorphic forms. Many serpins, such as antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin, function as serine protease inhibitors.
>cd02050 C1_inh C1 inhibitor (C1-Inh) is a protease inhibitor of the serpin family
It plays a pivotal role in regulating the activation of the classical complement pathway and of the contact system, via regulating bradykinin formation, inhibiting factor XII and kallikrein of the contact system, and via acting on factor XI in the coagulation cascade. This subgroup corresponds to clade G of the serpin superfamily.
Score = 54.7 bits (130), Expect = 1e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 54.7 bits (130), Expect = 1e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 207 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 263
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 264 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 285
Score = 54.3 bits (129), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 54.3 bits (129), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 54.3 bits (129), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 54.3 bits (129), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 54.3 bits (129), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 192 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 248
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 249 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 270
Score = 54.3 bits (129), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 53.9 bits (128), Expect = 2e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 46/84 (54%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 252
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 253 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 274
Score = 53.1 bits (126), Expect = 3e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 33/90 (36%), Positives = 47/90 (52%), Gaps = 5/90 (5%)
Query: 8 IKQQHIGYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNS 67
I + G + DV P +++ T LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S
Sbjct: 187 ISNKTEGRITDVIP---PQAINEFTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGES 243
Query: 68 VQVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
V LM ++S + Y E ++LELP+
Sbjct: 244 CSV-LMMYQESKFRYRRVAEST-QVLELPF 271
Score = 52.4 bits (124), Expect = 6e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 31/84 (36%), Positives = 45/84 (53%), Gaps = 5/84 (5%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFPVFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
G + DV P +++++ T LVL+N I FKG W F PE T+ FY D S +M
Sbjct: 192 GRITDVIP---SEAINELTVLVLVNTILFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESCSASMM 248
Query: 74 FVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 249 YQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 270
Score = 52.4 bits (124), Expect = 6e-08, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 33/89 (37%), Positives = 44/89 (49%), Gaps = 7/89 (7%)
Query: 14 GYLMDVFP-----VFFTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSV 68
G + DV P V + ST LVL+N I+FKG W F PE T+ FY D S
Sbjct: 196 GRITDVIPSEAINVLVLVNTRTSTVLVLVNTIYFKGLWKSKFSPENTRKELFYKADGESC 255
Query: 69 QVPLMFVKDSFYMYEEAGEDGFKMLELPY 97
+M+ + F Y E G ++LELP+
Sbjct: 256 SASMMYQEGKF-RYRRVAE-GTQVLELPF 282
>pdb|2ACH|A Chain A, Crystal Structure Of Cleaved Human Alpha1-antichymotrypsin At 2.7 Angstroms Resolution And Its Comparison With Other Serpins Length = 360
>pdb|2D26|A Chain A, Active Site Distortion Is Sufficient For Proteinase Inhibit Second Crystal Structure Of Covalent Serpin-Proteinase Complex Length = 358
>pdb|1HP7|A Chain A, A 2.1 Angstrom Structure Of An Uncleaved Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Shows Variability Of The Reactive Center And Other Loops Length = 394
Score = 44.3 bits (103), Expect = 2e-05, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 22/50 (44%), Positives = 29/50 (58%)
Query: 24 FTDSLDASTKLVLINAIHFKGKWTVPFKPEATKDGPFYLDDTNSVQVPLM 73
F L ST L+L+NAIHF G W F P T+ F+LD+ +V V +M
Sbjct: 158 FLSELPDSTVLLLLNAIHFHGFWRTKFDPSLTQKDFFHLDERFTVSVDMM 207