Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase RAN in its active GTP-bound form (Ran-GTP). Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of an nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Involved in U3 snoRNA transport from Cajal bodies to nucleoli. Binds to late precursor U3 snoRNA bearing a TMG cap. Several viruses, among them HIV-1, HTLV-1 and influenza A use it to export their unspliced or incompletely spliced RNAs out of the nucleus. Interacts with, and mediates the nuclear export of HIV-1 Rev and HTLV-1 Rex proteins. Involved in HTLV-1 Rex multimerization. Homo sapiens (taxid: 9606)
Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of an nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Involved in U3 snoRNA transport from Cajal bodies to nucleoli. Binds to late precursor U3 snoRNA bearing a TMG cap.
Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of an nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Involved in U3 snoRNA transport from Cajal bodies to nucleoli. Binds to late precursor U3 snoRNA bearing a TMG cap.
Receptor for the leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES). Binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the small GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Required for the function or maintenance of certain tissues such as brain and gut. Involved in the export of dl from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
Score = 53.8 bits (130), Expect = 4e-11
Identities = 16/55 (29%), Positives = 27/55 (49%)
Query: 44 AQEVLTALKEHPDAWTRVDTILEYSSNQQTKFYALQILEQVIKTRWKALPREQCD 98
A++ L ++ P W + IL S +Q + A L+ I RW +LP E+ +
Sbjct: 1 AEKQLEQFQKSPGFWLLLLEILANSEDQYVRQLAAITLKNKITRRWSSLPEEEKE 55
Members of the importin-beta (karyopherin-beta) family can bind and transport cargo by themselves, or can form heterodimers with importin-alpha. As part of a heterodimer, importin-beta mediates interactions with the pore complex, while importin-alpha acts as an adaptor protein to bind the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) on the cargo through the classical NLS import of proteins. Importin-beta is a helicoidal molecule constructed from 19 HEAT repeats. Many nuclear pore proteins contain FG sequence repeats that can bind to HEAT repeats within importins.. which is important for importin-beta mediated transport. Length = 67
>PF03810 IBN_N: Importin-beta N-terminal domain; InterPro: IPR001494 Karyopherins are a group of proteins involved in transporting molecules through the pores of the nuclear envelope
Karyopherins, which may act as importins or exportins, are part of the Importin-beta super-family, which all share a similar three-dimensional structure. Members of the importin-beta (karyopherin-beta) family can bind and transport cargo by themselves, or can form heterodimers with importin-alpha. As part of a heterodimer, importin-beta mediates interactions with the pore complex, while importin-alpha acts as an adaptor protein to bind the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) on the cargo through the classical NLS import of proteins. Importin-beta is a helicoidal molecule constructed from 19 HEAT repeats. Many nuclear pore proteins contain FG sequence repeats that can bind to HEAT repeats within importins [, ], which is important for importin-beta mediated transport. Ran GTPase helps to control the unidirectional transfer of cargo. The cytoplasm contains primarily RanGDP and the nucleus RanGTP through the actions of RanGAP and RanGEF, respectively. In the nucleus, RanGTP binds to importin-beta within the importin/cargo complex, causing a conformational change in importin-beta that releases it from importin-alpha-bound cargo. As a result, the N-terminal auto-inhibitory region on importin-alpha is free to loop back and bind to the major NLS-binding site, causing the cargo to be released []. There are additional release factors as well. This entry represents the N-terminal domain of karyopherins that is important for the binding of the Ran protein []. More information about these proteins can be found at Protein of the Month: Importins [].; GO: 0008565 protein transporter activity, 0006886 intracellular protein transport; PDB: 3NC1_A 3NBY_D 3NBZ_D 3NC0_A 3GJX_D 1IBR_D 1QGR_A 3LWW_A 1F59_A 2Q5D_A ....
>PF00790 VHS: VHS domain; InterPro: IPR002014 The VHS domain is a ~140 residues long domain, whose name is derived from its occurrence in VPS-27, Hrs and STAM
Based on regions surrounding the domain, VHS-proteins can be divided into 4 groups []: STAM/EAST/Hbp which all share the domain composition VHS-SH3-ITAM and carry one or two ubiquitin-interacting motifs Proteins with a FYVE domain (IPR000306 from INTERPRO) C-terminal to VHS which also carry one or two ubiquitin-interacting motifs GGA proteins with a domain composition VHS-GAT (GGA and Tom1) homology domain VHS domain alone or in combination with domains other than those listed above The VHS domain is always found at the N- terminus of proteins suggesting that such topology is important for function. The domain is considered to have a general membrane targeting/cargo recognition role in vesicular trafficking []. Resolution of the crystal structure of the VHS domain of Drosophila Hrs and human Tom1 revealed that it consists of eight helices arranged in a double-layer superhelix []. The existence of conserved patches of residues on the domain surface suggests that VHS domains may be involved in protein-protein recognition and docking. Overall, sequence similarity is low (approx 25%) amongst domain family members.; GO: 0006886 intracellular protein transport; PDB: 1X5B_A 2L0T_B 1DVP_A 3LDZ_C 3ZYQ_A 4AVX_A 3G2U_A 3G2W_A 1UJJ_A 3G2V_A ....
>cd00197 VHS_ENTH_ANTH VHS, ENTH and ANTH domain superfamily; composed of proteins containing a VHS, ENTH or ANTH domain
The VHS domain is present in Vps27 (Vacuolar Protein Sorting), Hrs (Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate) and STAM (Signal Transducing Adaptor Molecule). It is located at the N-termini of proteins involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. The epsin N-terminal homology (ENTH) domain is an evolutionarily conserved protein module found primarily in proteins that participate in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. A set of proteins previously designated as harboring an ENTH domain in fact contains a highly similar, yet unique module referred to as an AP180 N-terminal homology (ANTH) domain. VHS, ENTH and ANTH domains are structurally similar and are composed of a superhelix of eight alpha helices. ENTH adnd ANTH (E/ANTH) domains bind both inositol phospholipids and proteins and contribute to the nucleation and formation of clathrin coats on membra
The VHS domain has a superhelical structure similar to the structure of the ARM (Armadillo) repeats and is present at the N-termini of proteins. GGA proteins have a multidomain structure consisting of an N-terminal VHS domain linked by a short proline-rich linker to a GAT (GGA and TOM) domain, which is followed by a long flexible linker to the C-terminal appendage, GAE (gamma-adaptin ear) domain. The VHS domain of GGA proteins binds to the acidic-cluster dileucine (DxxLL) motif found on the cytoplasmic tails of cargo proteins trafficked between the trans-Golgi network and the endosomal system.
>pdb|4HB0|C Chain C, Crystal Structure Of Crm1 Inhibitor Leptomycin B In Complex With Crm1(k541q,k542q,r543s,k545q,k548q,k579q)-ran-ranbp1 Length = 1023