Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. Danio rerio (taxid: 7955)
>sp|Q6DFS6|CHM2A_XENTR Charged multivesicular body protein 2a OS=Xenopus tropicalis GN=chmp2a PE=2 SV=1
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids.
Xenopus tropicalis (taxid: 8364)
>sp|Q6IP52|CHM2A_XENLA Charged multivesicular body protein 2a OS=Xenopus laevis GN=chmp2a PE=2 SV=1
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids.
Xenopus laevis (taxid: 8355)
>sp|Q9DB34|CHM2A_MOUSE Charged multivesicular body protein 2a OS=Mus musculus GN=Chmp2a PE=1 SV=1
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis. ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4.
Mus musculus (taxid: 10090)
>sp|O43633|CHM2A_HUMAN Charged multivesicular body protein 2a OS=Homo sapiens GN=CHMP2A PE=1 SV=1
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis and the budding of enveloped viruses (HIV-1 and other lentiviruses). ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4. Involved in HIV-1 p6- and p9-dependent virus release.
Homo sapiens (taxid: 9606)
>sp|Q5ZHN1|CHM2A_CHICK Charged multivesicular body protein 2a OS=Gallus gallus GN=CHMP2A PE=2 SV=1
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids.
Gallus gallus (taxid: 9031)
>sp|Q54DB1|CM2A2_DICDI Charged multivesicular body protein 2a homolog 2 OS=Dictyostelium discoideum GN=chmp2a2 PE=3 SV=1
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins.
Required for the sorting and concentration of proteins resulting in the entry of these proteins into the invaginating vesicles of the multivesicular body (MVB). Acts a component of the ESCRT-III complex, which appears to be critical for late steps in MVB sorting, such as membrane invagination and final cargo sorting and recruitment of late-acting components of the sorting machinery. The MVB pathway requires the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complex assemblies. Can directly stimulate VPS4 ATPase activity. The DID4/VPS2-VPS24 subcomplex is required for the VPS4-dependent dissociation of ESCRT-III.
Component of the ESCRT-III complex, which is required for multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. The ESCRT-III complex is probably involved in the concentration of MVB cargo.
Score = 94.0 bits (232), Expect = 2e-19, Method: Compositional matrix adjust.
Identities = 47/103 (45%), Positives = 69/103 (66%)
Query: 3 WLFGRKITPEEMLRKNQRALNKAMRDLDREKQHMEQQEKKLIADIKKMAKEGQMESVKIM 62
WLFG +P+E LR +QR+L +A R+LDRE+ ++Q+E+ LI +IK AK G + +I
Sbjct: 6 WLFGGGKSPQEQLRAHQRSLGRAERELDRERTKLDQRERALIQEIKGSAKAGNTGAARIQ 65
Query: 63 AKDLVRTRKYAKKFMMMKANIQAVSLKIQTLRSQNAMADSMIG 105
A+DL+R R KK M K +QA+SL++QT+R+ M SM G
Sbjct: 66 ARDLMRLRNSRKKMMNAKTQLQAISLRLQTMRTSEQMMQSMRG 108
Required for the sorting and concentration of proteins resulting in the entry of these proteins into the invaginating vesicles of the multivesicular body (MVB). Acts a component of the ESCRT-III complex, which appears to be critical for late steps in MVB sorting, such as membrane invagination and final cargo sorting and recruitment of late-acting components of the sorting machinery. The MVB pathway requires the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complex assemblies.
This family of proteins are involved in protein sorting and transport from the endosome to the vacuole/lysosome in eukaryotic cells. Vacuoles/lysosomes play an important role in the degradation of both lipids and cellular proteins. In order to perform this degradative function, vacuoles/lysosomes contain numerous hydrolases which have been transported in the form of inactive precursors via the biosynthetic pathway and are proteolytically activated upon delivery to the vacuole/lysosome. The delivery of transmembrane proteins, such as activated cell surface receptors to the lumen of the vacuole/lysosome, either for degradation/downregulation, or in the case of hydrolases, for proper localisation, requires the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). These late endosomal structures are formed by invaginating and budding of the limiting membrane into the lumen of the compartment. During this process, a subset of the endosomal membrane proteins is sorted into the forming vesicles. Mature MVBs fuse with the vacuole/lysosome, thereby releasing cargo containing vesicles into its hydrolytic lumen for degradation. Endosomal proteins that are not sorted into the intralumenal MVB vesicles are either recycled back to the plasma membrane or Golgi complex, or remain in the limiting membrane of the MVB and are thereby transported to the limiting membrane of the vacuole/lysosome as a consequence of fusion. Therefore, the MVB sorting pathway plays a critical role in the decision between recycling and degradation of membrane proteins. A few archaeal sequences are also present within this family. Length = 169
>PF03357 Snf7: Snf7; InterPro: IPR005024 This is a family of eukaryotic proteins which are variously described as either hypothetical protein, developmental protein or related to yeast SNF7
Probab=99.49 E-value=2.8e-13 Score=97.39 Aligned_cols=97 Identities=27% Similarity=0.346 Sum_probs=88.9
Q ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHhHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHcCChHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHhHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
Q psy1858 17 KNQRALNKAMRDLDREKQHMEQQEKKLIADIKKMAKEGQMESVKIMAKDLVRTRKYAKKFMMMKANIQAVSLKIQTLRSQ 96 (114)
Q Consensus 17 ~~kr~lr~~~R~ldRe~~~le~eEkk~~~~IKkaakkg~~~~arilAk~lVr~R~~~~r~~~~kaql~sv~~~l~~~~s~ 96 (114)
++.+.|+.+.+.|++++.+|+.+.+++..++++++++|+...|++|+++.++.+++..+++....+|++|..+++++.++
T Consensus 1 eai~~Lk~~~~~L~~~~~~le~~i~~~~~~~k~~~~~~~~~~A~~~lk~~k~~~k~~~~~~~~~~~l~~~~~~ie~a~~~ 80 (171)
T PF03357_consen 1 EAILKLKKTIRRLEKQIKRLEKKIKKLEKKAKKAIKKGNKERAKIYLKRKKRLEKQLEKLLNQLSNLESVLLQIETAQSN 80 (171)
T ss_dssp HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCHHHHHHHHCTT-HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
T ss_pred ChHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHcCChHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
Confidence 46789999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
Q ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHHHhhccc
Q psy1858 97 NAMADSMIGQLETTLPI 113 (114)
Q Consensus 97 ~~~~~sm~~~t~~M~~~ 113 (114)
..|..+|..++++|+.+
T Consensus 81 ~~v~~al~~~~~~Lk~~ 97 (171)
T PF03357_consen 81 QQVVKALKQSSKALKKI 97 (171)
T ss_dssp HHHSSS----SHHHHHH
T ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
Confidence 99999999999998754
The family contains human CHMP1. CHMP1 (CHromatin Modifying Protein; CHarged Multivesicular body Protein), is encoded by an alternative open reading frame in the PRSM1 gene [] and is conserved in both complex and simple eukaryotes. CHMP1 contains a predicted bipartite nuclear localisation signal and distributes as distinct forms to the cytoplasm and the nuclear matrix in all cell lines tested. Human CHMP1 is strongly implicated in multivesicular body formation. A multivesicular body is a vesicle-filled endosome that targets proteins to the interior of lysosomes. Immunocytochemistry and biochemical fractionation localise CHMP1 to early endosomes and CHMP1 physically interacts with SKD1/VPS4, a highly conserved protein directly linked to multivesicular body sorting in yeast. Similar to the action of a mutant SKD1 protein, over expression of a fusion derivative of human CHMP1 dilates endosomal compartments and disrupts the normal distribution of several endosomal markers. Genetic studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) further support a conserved role of CHMP1 in vesicle trafficking. Deletion of CHM1, the budding yeast homologue of CHMP1, results in defective sorting of carboxypeptidases S and Y and produces abnormal, multi-lamellar prevacuolar compartments. This phenotype classifies CHM1 as a member of the class E vacuolar protein sorting genes []. ; GO: 0015031 protein transport; PDB: 2V6X_B 2W2U_D 2GD5_D 3FRT_B 3FRV_A 4ABM_D 3EAB_H 3HTU_D.
The PspA protein, a negative regulator of the Escherichia coli phage shock psp operon, is produced when virulence factors are exported through secretins in many Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and its homologue in plants, VIPP1, plays a critical role in thylakoid biogenesis, essential for photosynthesis. Activation of transcription by the enhancer-dependent bacterial sigma54-containing RNA polymerase occurs through ATP hydrolysis-driven protein conformational changes enabled by activator proteins that belong to the large AAA(+) mechanochemical protein family. It has been shown that PspA directly and specifically acts upon and binds to the AAA(+) domain of the PspF transcription activator [].
>PF03357 Snf7: Snf7; InterPro: IPR005024 This is a family of eukaryotic proteins which are variously described as either hypothetical protein, developmental protein or related to yeast SNF7
Probab=94.65 E-value=0.34 Score=34.36 Aligned_cols=98 Identities=16% Similarity=0.194 Sum_probs=66.7
Q ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHHHHhHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHcCChHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHhHHHHHHHHHHHH
Q psy1858 14 MLRKNQRALNKAMRDLDREKQHMEQQEKKLIADIKKMAKEGQMESVKIMAKDLVRTRKYAKKFMMMKANIQAVSLKIQTL 93 (114)
Q Consensus 14 ~lr~~kr~lr~~~R~ldRe~~~le~eEkk~~~~IKkaakkg~~~~arilAk~lVr~R~~~~r~~~~kaql~sv~~~l~~~ 93 (114)
.|+...+.|.+....|+.++..+..+-++....-.+.....-....+.+=+++-++-....++.....+|+......+..
T Consensus 5 ~Lk~~~~~L~~~~~~le~~i~~~~~~~k~~~~~~~~~~A~~~lk~~k~~~k~~~~~~~~~~~l~~~~~~ie~a~~~~~v~ 84 (171)
T PF03357_consen 5 KLKKTIRRLEKQIKRLEKKIKKLEKKAKKAIKKGNKERAKIYLKRKKRLEKQLEKLLNQLSNLESVLLQIETAQSNQQVV 84 (171)
T ss_dssp HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCHHHHHHHHCTT-HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHS
T ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHcCChHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
Confidence 36667777777777777777777666666655544444455556667777777788888888888888888888888888
Q ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHhhc
Q psy1858 94 RSQNAMADSMIGQLETTL 111 (114)
Q Consensus 94 ~s~~~~~~sm~~~t~~M~ 111 (114)
.++...+++|+...+.|.
T Consensus 85 ~al~~~~~~Lk~~~~~i~ 102 (171)
T PF03357_consen 85 KALKQSSKALKKINKQIN 102 (171)
T ss_dssp SS----SHHHHHHHHSTT
T ss_pred HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHhhh
Confidence 888777777777765553
The family contains human CHMP1. CHMP1 (CHromatin Modifying Protein; CHarged Multivesicular body Protein), is encoded by an alternative open reading frame in the PRSM1 gene [] and is conserved in both complex and simple eukaryotes. CHMP1 contains a predicted bipartite nuclear localisation signal and distributes as distinct forms to the cytoplasm and the nuclear matrix in all cell lines tested. Human CHMP1 is strongly implicated in multivesicular body formation. A multivesicular body is a vesicle-filled endosome that targets proteins to the interior of lysosomes. Immunocytochemistry and biochemical fractionation localise CHMP1 to early endosomes and CHMP1 physically interacts with SKD1/VPS4, a highly conserved protein directly linked to multivesicular body sorting in yeast. Similar to the action of a mutant SKD1 protein, over expression of a fusion derivative of human CHMP1 dilates endosomal compartments and disrupts the normal distribution of several endosomal markers. Genetic studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) further support a conserved role of CHMP1 in vesicle trafficking. Deletion of CHM1, the budding yeast homologue of CHMP1, results in defective sorting of carboxypeptidases S and Y and produces abnormal, multi-lamellar prevacuolar compartments. This phenotype classifies CHM1 as a member of the class E vacuolar protein sorting genes []. ; GO: 0015031 protein transport; PDB: 2V6X_B 2W2U_D 2GD5_D 3FRT_B 3FRV_A 4ABM_D 3EAB_H 3HTU_D.
Members of this family are the phage shock protein PspA, from the phage shock operon. This is a narrower family than the set of PspA and its homologs, sometimes several in a genome, as described by PFAM model pfam04012. PspA appears to maintain the protonmotive force under stress conditions that include overexpression of certain phage secretins, heat shock, ethanol, and protein export defects.
>COG1842 PspA Phage shock protein A (IM30), suppresses sigma54-dependent transcription [Transcription / Signal transduction mechanisms]
In fission yeast Mo25 is localised alternately to the spindle pole body and to the site of cell division in a cell cycle dependent manner [, ]. ; PDB: 2WTK_A 1UPK_A 3GNI_A 1UPL_A.
