Score = 71.6 bits (174), Expect = 1e-12, Method: Composition-based stats.
Identities = 27/55 (49%), Positives = 42/55 (76%)
Query: 9 CHELKYDEDLPTVSVIIIFTNEAWSPLIRTILTTLMRTPDKLLHEVLLIDDASDK 63
C Y E LPTVSV+++F NE W+PL+RT+ + L+R+P +L+ +V+++DD SDK
Sbjct: 146 CKHWDYPEKLPTVSVVVVFHNEGWTPLLRTVHSVLLRSPPELIEQVVMVDDDSDK 200
Probable glycopeptide transferase involved in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis. Glycopeptide transferases catalyze the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to an already glycosylated peptide (By similarity). In contrast to other members of the family, it does not act as a peptide transferase that transfers GalNAc onto serine or threonine residue on peptides that have been tested. Some peptide transferase activity is however not excluded, considering that its appropriate peptide substrate may remain unidentified. Caenorhabditis elegans (taxid: 6239) EC: 2EC: .EC: 4EC: .EC: 1EC: .EC: -
Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor.
Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. It can both act as a peptide transferase that transfers GalNAc onto unmodified peptide substrates, and as a glycopeptide transferase that requires the prior addition of a GalNAc on a peptide before adding additional GalNAc moieties. Prefers EA2 as substrate. Has weak activity toward Muc5AC-3, -13 and -3/13 substrates.
Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Has activity toward non-glycosylated peptides such as Muc5AC, Muc1a and EA2, and no detectable activity with Muc2 and Muc7. Displays enzymatic activity toward the Gal-NAc-Muc5AC glycopeptide, but no detectable activity to mono-GalNAc-glycosylated Muc1a, Muc2, Muc7 and EA2. May play an important role in the initial step of mucin-type oligosaccharide biosynthesis in digestive organs.
Probable glycopeptide transferase involved in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis. Glycopeptide transferases catalyze the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to an already glycosylated peptide (By similarity). In contrast to other members of the family, it does not act as a peptide transferase that transfers GalNAc onto serine or threonine residue on peptides that have been tested. Some peptide transferase activity is however not excluded, considering that its appropriate peptide substrate may remain unidentified.
Score = 66.2 bits (160), Expect = 6e-11, Method: Compositional matrix adjust.
Identities = 33/56 (58%), Positives = 40/56 (71%), Gaps = 1/56 (1%)
Query: 9 CHELKYDED-LPTVSVIIIFTNEAWSPLIRTILTTLMRTPDKLLHEVLLIDDASDK 63
C E KYD D LP SVII F NEAWS L+RT+ + L +PD LL EV+L+DD SD+
Sbjct: 125 CKEKKYDYDNLPRTSVIIAFYNEAWSTLLRTVYSVLETSPDILLEEVILVDDYSDR 180
Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Has activity toward non-glycosylated peptides such as Muc5AC, Muc1a and EA2, and no detectable activity with Muc2 and Muc7. Displays enzymatic activity toward the Gal-NAc-Muc5AC glycopeptide, but no detectable activity to mono-GalNAc-glycosylated Muc1a, Muc2, Muc7 and EA2. May play an important role in the initial step of mucin-type oligosaccharide biosynthesis in digestive organs.
Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Displays the same enzyme activity toward Muc1, Muc4.1, and EA2 than GALNT1. Does not appear to be involved in glycosylation of erythropoietin.
Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Displays the same enzyme activity toward Muc1, Muc4.1, and EA2 than GALNT1. Does not appear to be involved in glycosylation of erythropoietin.
Score = 63.9 bits (154), Expect = 3e-10, Method: Compositional matrix adjust.
Identities = 29/55 (52%), Positives = 39/55 (70%)
Query: 9 CHELKYDEDLPTVSVIIIFTNEAWSPLIRTILTTLMRTPDKLLHEVLLIDDASDK 63
C YDE+L T SV+I+F NE WS L+RT+ + + RTP K L E++LIDD S+K
Sbjct: 197 CKYWHYDENLLTSSVVIVFHNEGWSTLMRTVHSVIKRTPRKYLAEIVLIDDFSNK 251
Glycopeptide transferase involved in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, which catalyzes the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to an already glycosylated peptide. In contrast to other proteins of the family, it does not act as a peptide transferase that transfers GalNAc onto serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor, but instead requires the prior addition of a GalNAc on a peptide before adding additional GalNAc moieties. Some peptide transferase activity is however not excluded, considering that its appropriate peptide substrate may remain unidentified.
Score = 63.9 bits (154), Expect = 3e-10, Method: Compositional matrix adjust.
Identities = 29/55 (52%), Positives = 39/55 (70%)
Query: 9 CHELKYDEDLPTVSVIIIFTNEAWSPLIRTILTTLMRTPDKLLHEVLLIDDASDK 63
C YDE+L T SV+I+F NE WS L+RT+ + + RTP K L E++LIDD S+K
Sbjct: 197 CKYWHYDENLLTSSVVIVFHNEGWSTLMRTVHSVIKRTPRKYLAEIVLIDDFSNK 251
Glycopeptide transferase involved in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, which catalyzes the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to an already glycosylated peptide. In contrast to other proteins of the family, it does not act as a peptide transferase that transfers GalNAc onto serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor, but instead requires the prior addition of a GalNAc on a peptide before adding additional GalNAc moieties. Some peptide transferase activity is however not excluded, considering that its appropriate peptide substrate may remain unidentified.
Mus musculus (taxid: 10090)
EC: 2
EC: .
EC: 4
EC: .
EC: 1
EC: .
EC: -
Close Homologs in the Non-Redundant Database Detected by BLAST
>gi|170582702|ref|XP_001896248.1| glycosyl transferase, group 2 family protein [Brugia malayi] gi|158596593|gb|EDP34915.1| glycosyl transferase, group 2 family protein [Brugia malayi]
UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (pp-GalNAc-T) initiate the formation of mucin-type, O-linked glycans by catalyzing the transfer of alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to hydroxyl groups of Ser or Thr residues of core proteins to form the Tn antigen (GalNAc-a-1-O-Ser/Thr). These enzymes are type II membrane proteins with a GT-A type catalytic domain and a lectin domain located on the lumen side of the Golgi apparatus. In human, there are 15 isozymes of pp-GalNAc-Ts, representing the largest of all glycosyltransferase families. Each isozyme has unique but partially redundant substrate specificity for glycosylation sites on acceptor proteins. Length = 299
UDP-glucose:N-acylsphingosine D-glucosyltransferase (glucosylceramide synthase or ceramide glucosyltransferase) catalyzes the first glycosylation step of glycosphingolipid synthesis. Its product, glucosylceramide, serves as the core of more than 300 glycosphingolipids (GSL). GSLs are a group of membrane components that have the lipid portion embedded in the outer plasma membrane leaflet and the sugar chains extended to the outer environment. Several lines of evidence suggest the importance of GSLs in various cellular processes such as differentiation, adhesion, proliferation, and cell-cell recognition. In pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, glucosylceramide serves as an antigen that elicits an antibody response in patients and it is essential for fungal growth in host extracellular environment.
>cd06427 CESA_like_2 CESA_like_2 is a member of the cellulose synthase superfamily
The cellulose synthase (CESA) superfamily includes a wide variety of glycosyltransferase family 2 enzymes that share the common characteristic of catalyzing the elongation of polysaccharide chains. The members include cellulose synthase catalytic subunit, chitin synthase, Glucan Biosynthesis protein and other families of CESA-like proteins. Cellulose synthase catalyzes the polymerization reaction of cellulose, an aggregate of unbranched polymers of beta-1,4-linked glucose residues in plants, most algae, some bacteria and fungi, and even some animals. In bacteria, algae and lower eukaryotes, there is a second unrelated type of cellulose synthase (Type II), which produces acylated cellulose, a derivative of cellulose. Chitin synthase catalyzes the incorporation of GlcNAc from substrate UDP-GlcNAc into chitin, which is a linear homopolymer of beta-(1,4)-linked GlcNAc residues and Glucan Biosynthesis prot
>cd06421 CESA_CelA_like CESA_CelA_like are involved in the elongation of the glucan chain of cellulose
Family of proteins related to Agrobacterium tumefaciens CelA and Gluconacetobacter xylinus BscA. These proteins are involved in the elongation of the glucan chain of cellulose, an aggregate of unbranched polymers of beta-1,4-linked glucose residues. They are putative catalytic subunit of cellulose synthase, which is a glycosyltransferase using UDP-glucose as the substrate. The catalytic subunit is an integral membrane protein with 6 transmembrane segments and it is postulated that the protein is anchored in the membrane at the N-terminal end.
This family of genes include a glycosyl transferase, group 2 domain (pfam00535) which are responsible, generally for the transfer of nucleotide-diphosphate sugars to substrates such as polysaccharides and lipids. The genes of this family are often found in the same genetic locus with squalene-hopene cyclase genes, and are never associated with genes for the metabolism of phytoene. Indeed, the members of this family appear to never be found in a genome lacking squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC), although not all genomes encoding SHC have this glycosyl transferase. In the organism Zymomonas mobilis the linkage of this gene to hopanoid biosynthesis has been noted and the gene named HpnB. Hopanoids are known to feature polar glycosyl head groups in many organisms.
>cd06437 CESA_CaSu_A2 Cellulose synthase catalytic subunit A2 (CESA2) is a catalytic subunit or a catalytic subunit substitute of the cellulose synthase complex
Cellulose synthase (CESA) catalyzes the polymerization reaction of cellulose using UDP-glucose as the substrate. Cellulose is an aggregate of unbranched polymers of beta-1,4-linked glucose residues, which is an abundant polysaccharide produced by plants and in varying degrees by several other organisms including algae, bacteria, fungi, and even some animals. Genomes from higher plants harbor multiple CESA genes. There are ten in Arabidopsis. At least three different CESA proteins are required to form a functional complex. In Arabidopsis, CESA1, 3 and 6 and CESA4, 7 and 8, are required for cellulose biosynthesis during primary and secondary cell wall formation. CESA2 is very closely related to CESA6 and is viewed as a prime substitute for CESA6. They functionally compensate each other. The cesa2 and cesa6 double mutant plants we
>cd04184 GT2_RfbC_Mx_like Myxococcus xanthus RfbC like proteins are required for O-antigen biosynthesis
The rfbC gene encodes a predicted protein of 1,276 amino acids, which is required for O-antigen biosynthesis in Myxococcus xanthus. It is a subfamily of Glycosyltransferase Family GT2, which includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds.
Members of this protein family probable glycosyltransferases of family 2, whose genes are near those for Gram-positive proteins (TIGR03110) related to the proposed exosortase (TIGR02602).
GT-2 includes diverse families of glycosyltransferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Glycosyltransferases have been classified into more than 90 distinct sequence based families.
UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (pp-GalNAc-T) initiate the formation of mucin-type, O-linked glycans by catalyzing the transfer of alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to hydroxyl groups of Ser or Thr residues of core proteins to form the Tn antigen (GalNAc-a-1-O-Ser/Thr). These enzymes are type II membrane proteins with a GT-A type catalytic domain and a lectin domain located on the lumen side of the Golgi apparatus. In human, there are 15 isozymes of pp-GalNAc-Ts, representing the largest of all glycosyltransferase families. Each isozyme has unique but partially redundant substrate specificity for glycosylation sites on acceptor proteins.
>cd06439 CESA_like_1 CESA_like_1 is a member of the cellulose synthase (CESA) superfamily
This is a subfamily of cellulose synthase (CESA) superfamily. CESA superfamily includes a wide variety of glycosyltransferase family 2 enzymes that share the common characteristic of catalyzing the elongation of polysaccharide chains. The members of the superfamily include cellulose synthase catalytic subunit, chitin synthase, glucan biosynthesis protein and other families of CESA-like proteins.
>TIGR03472 HpnI hopanoid biosynthesis associated glycosyl transferase protein HpnI
This family of genes include a glycosyl transferase, group 2 domain (pfam00535) which are responsible, generally for the transfer of nucleotide-diphosphate sugars to substrates such as polysaccharides and lipids. The member of this clade from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 (AFE_0974) is found in the same locus as squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC, TIGR01507) and other genes associated with the biosynthesis of hopanoid natural products. Similarly, in Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 (Reut_B4902) this gene is adjacent to HpnAB, IspH and HpnH (TIGR03470), although SHC itself is elsewhere in the genome. Notably, this gene (here named HpnI) and three others form a conserved set (HpnIJKL) which occur in a subset of all genomes containing the SHC enzyme. This relationship was discerned using the method of partial phylogenetic profiling. This group includes Zymomonas mobilis, the organism where the initial hopano
NdvC_like proteins in this family are putative bacterial beta-(1,6)-glucosyltransferase. Bradyrhizobium japonicum synthesizes periplasmic cyclic beta-(1,3),beta-(1,6)-D-glucans during growth under hypoosmotic conditions. Two genes (ndvB, ndvC) are involved in the beta-(1, 3), beta-(1,6)-glucan synthesis. The ndvC mutant strain resulted in synthesis of altered cyclic beta-glucans composed almost entirely of beta-(1, 3)-glycosyl linkages. The periplasmic cyclic beta-(1,3),beta-(1,6)-D-glucans function for osmoregulation. The ndvC mutation also affects the ability of the bacteria to establish a successful symbiotic interaction with host plant. Thus, the beta-glucans may function as suppressors of a host defense response.
>PF00535 Glycos_transf_2: Glycosyl transferase family 2; InterPro: IPR001173 The biosynthesis of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides involves the action of hundreds of different glycosyltransferases
These enzymes catalyse the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. A classification of glycosyltransferases using nucleotide diphospho-sugar, nucleotide monophospho-sugar and sugar phosphates (2.4.1.- from EC) and related proteins into distinct sequence based families has been described []. This classification is available on the CAZy (CArbohydrate-Active EnZymes) web site. The same three-dimensional fold is expected to occur within each of the families. Because 3-D structures are better conserved than sequences, several of the families defined on the basis of sequence similarities may have similar 3-D structures and therefore form 'clans'. This domain is found in a diverse family of glycosyl transferases that transfer the sugar from UDP-glucose, UDP-N-acetyl-galactosamine, GDP-mannose or CDP-abequose, to a range of substrates including cellulose, dolichol phosphate and teichoic acids.; PDB: 2Z87_A 2Z86_B 2D7R_A 2D7I_A 3CKN_A 3CKQ_A 3CKJ_A 3CKV_A 3CKO_A 2FFU_A ....
The Methylobacillus sp EpsO protein is predicted to participate in the methanolan synthesis. Methanolan is an exopolysaccharide (EPS), composed of glucose, mannose and galactose. A 21 genes cluster was predicted to participate in the methanolan synthesis. Gene disruption analysis revealed that EpsO is one of the glycosyltransferase enzymes involved in the synthesis of repeating sugar units onto the lipid carrier.
>cd06433 GT_2_WfgS_like WfgS and WfeV are involved in O-antigen biosynthesis
Escherichia coli WfgS and Shigella dysenteriae WfeV are glycosyltransferase 2 family enzymes involved in O-antigen biosynthesis. GT-2 enzymes have GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Glycosyltransferases have been classified into more than 90 distinct sequence based families.
>cd06913 beta3GnTL1_like Beta 1, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase is essential for the formation of poly-N-acetyllactosamine
This family includes human Beta3GnTL1 and related eukaryotic proteins. Human Beta3GnTL1 is a putative beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. Beta3GnTL1 is expressed at various levels in most of tissues examined. Beta 1, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase has been found to be essential for the formation of poly-N-acetyllactosamine. Poly-N-acetyllactosamine is a unique carbohydrate composed of N-acetyllactosamine repeats. It is often an important part of cell-type-specific oligosaccharide structures and some functional oligosaccharides. It has been shown that the structure and biosynthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamine display a dramatic change during development and oncogenesis. Several members of beta-1, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase have been identified.
>cd06434 GT2_HAS Hyaluronan synthases catalyze polymerization of hyaluronan
Hyaluronan synthases (HASs) are bi-functional glycosyltransferases that catalyze polymerization of hyaluronan. HASs transfer both GlcUA and GlcNAc in beta-(1,3) and beta-(1,4) linkages, respectively to the hyaluronan chain using UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GlcUA as substrates. HA is made as a free glycan, not attached to a protein or lipid. HASs do not need a primer for HA synthesis; they initiate HA biosynthesis de novo with only UDP-GlcNAc, UDP-GlcUA, and Mg2+. Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear heteropolysaccharide composed of (1-3)-linked beta-D-GlcUA-beta-D-GlcNAc disaccharide repeats. It can be found in vertebrates and a few microbes and is typically on the cell surface or in the extracellular space, but is also found inside mammalian cells. Hyaluronan has several physiochemical and biological functions such as space filling, lubrication, and providing a hydrated matrix through which cells can migrate.
>cd02511 Beta4Glucosyltransferase UDP-glucose LOS-beta-1,4 glucosyltransferase is required for biosynthesis of lipooligosaccharide
UDP-glucose: lipooligosaccharide (LOS) beta-1-4-glucosyltransferase catalyzes the addition of the first residue, glucose, of the lacto-N-neotetrase structure to HepI of the LOS inner core. LOS is the major constituent of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of gram-positive bacteria. It consists of a short oligosaccharide chain of variable composition (alpha chain) attached to a branched inner core which is lined in turn to lipid A. Beta 1,4 glucosyltransferase is required to attach the alpha chain to the inner core.
Cellulose synthase catalyzes the beta-1,4 polymerization of glucose residues in the formation of cellulose. In bacteria, the substrate is UDP-glucose. The synthase consists of two subunits (or domains in the frequent cases where it is encoded as a single polypeptide), the catalytic domain modelled here and the regulatory domain (pfam03170). The regulatory domain binds the allosteric activator cyclic di-GMP. The protein is membrane-associated and probably assembles into multimers such that the individual cellulose strands can self-assemble into multi-strand fibrils.
>cd04192 GT_2_like_e Subfamily of Glycosyltransferase Family GT2 of unknown function
GT-2 includes diverse families of glycosyltransferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Glycosyltransferases have been classified into more than 90 distinct sequence based families.
>cd04190 Chitin_synth_C C-terminal domain of Chitin Synthase catalyzes the incorporation of GlcNAc from substrate UDP-GlcNAc into chitin
Chitin synthase, also called UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:chitin 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, catalyzes the incorporation of GlcNAc from substrate UDP-GlcNAc into chitin, which is a linear homopolymer of GlcNAc residues formed by covalent beta-1,4 linkages. Chitin is an important component of the cell wall of fungi and bacteria and it is synthesized on the cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane by membrane bound chitin synthases. Studies with fungi have revealed that most of them contain more than one chitin synthase gene. At least five subclasses of chitin synthases have been identified.
>cd04195 GT2_AmsE_like GT2_AmsE_like is involved in exopolysaccharide amylovora biosynthesis
AmsE is a glycosyltransferase involved in exopolysaccharide amylovora biosynthesis in Erwinia amylovora. Amylovara is one of the three exopolysaccharide produced by E. amylovora. Amylovara-deficient mutants are non-pathogenic. It is a subfamily of Glycosyltransferase Family GT2, which includes diverse families of glycosyltransferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds.
>cd06436 GlcNAc-1-P_transferase N-acetyl-glucosamine transferase is involved in the synthesis of Poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
N-acetyl-glucosamine transferase is responsible for the synthesis of bacteria Poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (PGA). Poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is a homopolymer that serves as an adhesion for the maintenance of biofilm structural stability in diverse eubacteria. N-acetyl-glucosamine transferase is the product of gene pgaC. Genetic analysis indicated that all four genes of the pgaABCD locus were required for the PGA production, pgaC being a glycosyltransferase.
>cd02525 Succinoglycan_BP_ExoA ExoA is involved in the biosynthesis of succinoglycan
Succinoglycan Biosynthesis Protein ExoA catalyzes the formation of a beta-1,3 linkage of the second sugar (glucose) of the succinoglycan with the galactose on the lipid carrie. Succinoglycan is an acidic exopolysaccharide that is important for invasion of the nodules. Succinoglycan is a high-molecular-weight polymer composed of repeating octasaccharide units. These units are synthesized on membrane-bound isoprenoid lipid carriers, beginning with galactose followed by seven glucose molecules, and modified by the addition of acetate, succinate, and pyruvate. ExoA is a membrane protein with a transmembrance domain at c-terminus.
>cd02522 GT_2_like_a GT_2_like_a represents a glycosyltransferase family-2 subfamily with unknown function
Glycosyltransferase family 2 (GT-2) subfamily of unknown function. GT-2 includes diverse families of glycosyltransferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Glycosyltransferases have been classified into more than 90 distinct sequence based families.
>cd04188 DPG_synthase DPG_synthase is involved in protein N-linked glycosylation
UDP-glucose:dolichyl-phosphate glucosyltransferase (DPG_synthase) is a transmembrane-bound enzyme of the endoplasmic reticulum involved in protein N-linked glycosylation. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to dolichyl phosphate.
Proteins similar to eukaryotic DPM1, including enzymes from bacteria and archaea; DPM1 is the catalytic subunit of eukaryotic dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase. DPM synthase is required for synthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, N-glycan precursor, protein O-mannose, and C-mannose. In higher eukaryotes,the enzyme has three subunits, DPM1, DPM2 and DPM3. DPM is synthesized from dolichol phosphate and GDP-Man on the cytosolic surface of the ER membrane by DPM synthase and then is flipped onto the luminal side and used as a donor substrate. In lower eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trypanosoma brucei, DPM synthase consists of a single component (Dpm1p and TbDpm1, respectively) that possesses one predicted transmembrane region near the C terminus for anchoring to the ER membrane. In contrast, the Dpm1 homologues of higher eukaryotes, namely fission yeast, fungi,
The cellulose synthase (CESA) superfamily includes a wide variety of glycosyltransferase family 2 enzymes that share the common characteristic of catalyzing the elongation of polysaccharide chains. The members include cellulose synthase catalytic subunit, chitin synthase, glucan biosynthesis protein and other families of CESA-like proteins. Cellulose synthase catalyzes the polymerization reaction of cellulose, an aggregate of unbranched polymers of beta-1,4-linked glucose residues in plants, most algae, some bacteria and fungi, and even some animals. In bacteria, algae and lower eukaryotes, there is a second unrelated type of cellulose synthase (Type II), which produces acylated cellulose, a derivative of cellulose. Chitin synthase catalyzes the incorporation of GlcNAc from substrate UDP-GlcNAc into chitin, which is a linear homopolymer of beta-(1,4)-linked GlcNAc residues and Glucan Biosynthesis protein catalyzes the
>cd04185 GT_2_like_b Subfamily of Glycosyltransferase Family GT2 of unknown function
GT-2 includes diverse families of glycosyltransferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Glycosyltransferases have been classified into more than 90 distinct sequence based families.
>cd06420 GT2_Chondriotin_Pol_N N-terminal domain of Chondroitin polymerase functions as a GalNAc transferase
Chondroitin polymerase is a two domain, bi-functional protein. The N-terminal domain functions as a GalNAc transferase. The bacterial chondroitin polymerase catalyzes elongation of the chondroitin chain by alternatively transferring the GlcUA and GalNAc moiety from UDP-GlcUA and UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing ends of the chondroitin chain. The enzyme consists of N-terminal and C-terminal domains in which the two active sites catalyze the addition of GalNAc and GlcUA, respectively. Chondroitin chains range from 40 to over 100 repeating units of the disaccharide. Sulfated chondroitins are involved in the regulation of various biological functions such as central nervous system development, wound repair, infection, growth factor signaling, and morphogenesis, in addition to its conventional structural roles. In Caenorhabditis elegans, chondroitin is an essential factor for the worm
DPM1 is the catalytic subunit of eukaryotic dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase. DPM synthase is required for synthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, N-glycan precursor, protein O-mannose, and C-mannose. In higher eukaryotes,the enzyme has three subunits, DPM1, DPM2 and DPM3. DPM is synthesized from dolichol phosphate and GDP-Man on the cytosolic surface of the ER membrane by DPM synthase and then is flipped onto the luminal side and used as a donor substrate. In lower eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trypanosoma brucei, DPM synthase consists of a single component (Dpm1p and TbDpm1, respectively) that possesses one predicted transmembrane region near the C terminus for anchoring to the ER membrane. In contrast, the Dpm1 homologues of higher eukaryotes, namely fission yeast, fungi, and animals, have no transmembrane region, suggesting the ex
>cd04187 DPM1_like_bac Bacterial DPM1_like enzymes are related to eukaryotic DPM1
A family of bacterial enzymes related to eukaryotic DPM1; Although the mechanism of eukaryotic enzyme is well studied, the mechanism of the bacterial enzymes is not well understood. The eukaryotic DPM1 is the catalytic subunit of eukaryotic Dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase. DPM synthase is required for synthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, N-glycan precursor, protein O-mannose, and C-mannose. The enzyme has three subunits, DPM1, DPM2 and DPM3. DPM is synthesized from dolichol phosphate and GDP-Man on the cytosolic surface of the ER membrane by DPM synthase and then is flipped onto the luminal side and used as a donor substrate. This protein family belongs to Glycosyltransferase 2 superfamily.
GT-2 includes diverse families of glycosyltransferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. These are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Glycosyltransferases have been classified into more than 90 distinct sequence based families.
>PRK14716 bacteriophage N4 adsorption protein B; Provisional
Shigella flexneri RfbF protein is a putative dTDP-rhamnosyl transferase. dTDP rhamnosyl transferases of Shigella flexneri add rhamnose sugars to N-acetyl-glucosamine in the O-antigen tetrasaccharide repeat. Lipopolysaccharide O antigens are important virulence determinants for many bacteria. The variations of sugar composition, the sequence of the sugars and the linkages in the O antigen provide structural diversity of the O antigen.
>cd04191 Glucan_BSP_ModH Glucan_BSP_ModH catalyzes the elongation of beta-1,2 polyglucose chains of glucan
Periplasmic Glucan Biosynthesis protein ModH is a glucosyltransferase that catalyzes the elongation of beta-1,2 polyglucose chains of glucan, requiring a beta-glucoside as a primer and UDP-glucose as a substrate. Glucans are composed of 5 to 10 units of glucose forming a highly branched structure, where beta-1,2-linked glucose constitutes a linear backbone to which branches are attached by beta-1,6 linkages. In Escherichia coli, glucans are located in the periplasmic space, functioning as regulator of osmolarity. It is synthesized at a maximum when cells are grown in a medium with low osmolarity. It has been shown to span the cytoplasmic membrane.
>PRK11234 nfrB bacteriophage N4 adsorption protein B; Provisional
>PF10111 Glyco_tranf_2_2: Glycosyltransferase like family 2; InterPro: IPR019290 This conserved domain is found in a set of prokaryotic proteins including putative glucosyltransferases, which are involved in bacterial capsule biosynthesis [, ]
>cd00761 Glyco_tranf_GTA_type Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that synthesize oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates by transferring the sugar moiety from an activated nucleotide-sugar donor to an acceptor molecule, which may be a growing oligosaccharide, a lipid, or a protein. Based on the stereochemistry of the donor and acceptor molecules, GTs are classified as either retaining or inverting enzymes. To date, all GT structures adopt one of two possible folds, termed GT-A fold and GT-B fold. This hierarchy includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold, which has two tightly associated beta/alpha/beta domains that tend to form a continuous central sheet of at least eight beta-strands. The majority of the proteins in this superfamily are Glycosyltransferase family 2 (GT-2) proteins. But it als
>PRK15489 nfrB bacteriophage N4 adsorption protein B; Provisional
Rhamnolipids are glycolipids containing mono- or di- L-rhamnose molecules. Rhamnolipid synthesis occurs by sequential glycosyltransferase reactions involving two distinct rhamnosyltransferase enzymes. In P.aeruginosa, the synthesis of mono-rhamnolipids is catalyzed by rhamnosyltransferase 1, and proceeds by a glycosyltransfer reaction catalyzed by rhamnosyltransferase 2 to yield di-rhamnolipids.
>cd02514 GT13_GLCNAC-TI GT13_GLCNAC-TI is involved in an essential step in the synthesis of complex or hybrid-type N-linked oligosaccharides
Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GLCNAC-T I , GNT-I) transfers N-acetyl-D-glucosamine from UDP to high-mannose glycoprotein N-oligosaccharide, an essential step in the synthesis of complex or hybrid-type N-linked oligosaccharides. The enzyme is an integral membrane protein localized to the Golgi apparatus. The catalytic domain is located at the C-terminus. These proteins are members of the glycosy transferase family 13.
>PF13704 Glyco_tranf_2_4: Glycosyl transferase family 2
4.1.16 from EC), also known as chitin-UDP acetyl-glucosaminyl transferase, is a plasma membrane-bound protein which catalyses the conversion of UDP-N-acettyl-D-glucosamine and {(1,4)-(N-acetyl- beta-D-glucosaminyl)}(N) to UDP and {(1,4)-(N-acetyl-beta-D- glucosaminyl)}(N+1). It plays a major role in cell wall biogenesis. ; GO: 0016758 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
>PF01793 Glyco_transf_15: Glycolipid 2-alpha-mannosyltransferase; InterPro: IPR002685 The biosynthesis of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides involves the action of hundreds of different glycosyltransferases
These enzymes catalyse the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. A classification of glycosyltransferases using nucleotide diphospho-sugar, nucleotide monophospho-sugar and sugar phosphates (2.4.1.- from EC) and related proteins into distinct sequence based families has been described []. This classification is available on the CAZy (CArbohydrate-Active EnZymes) web site. The same three-dimensional fold is expected to occur within each of the families. Because 3-D structures are better conserved than sequences, several of the families defined on the basis of sequence similarities may have similar 3-D structures and therefore form 'clans'. This entry represents a family of fungi mannosyl-transferases involved in N-linked and O-linked glycosylation of proteins. They belong to the glycosyltransferase family 15 (GT15 from CAZY). Some of the enzymes in this family have been shown to be involved in O- and N-linked glycan modifications in the Golgi [].; GO: 0000030 mannosyltransferase activity, 0006486 protein glycosylation, 0016020 membrane; PDB: 1S4P_A 1S4O_A 1S4N_A.
>PF03071 GNT-I: GNT-I family; InterPro: IPR004139 The biosynthesis of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides involves the action of hundreds of different glycosyltransferases
These enzymes catalyse the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. A classification of glycosyltransferases using nucleotide diphospho-sugar, nucleotide monophospho-sugar and sugar phosphates (2.4.1.- from EC) and related proteins into distinct sequence based families has been described []. This classification is available on the CAZy (CArbohydrate-Active EnZymes) web site. The same three-dimensional fold is expected to occur within each of the families. Because 3-D structures are better conserved than sequences, several of the families defined on the basis of sequence similarities may have similar 3-D structures and therefore form 'clans'. Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GNT-I, GLCNAC-T I) 2.4.1.101 from EC transfers N-acetyl-D-glucosamine from UDP to high-mannose glycoprotein N-oligosaccharide. This is an essential step in the synthesis of complex or hybrid-type N-linked oligosaccharides. The enzyme is an integral membrane protein localized to the Golgi apparatus, and is probably distributed in all tissues. The catalytic domain is located at the C terminus []. These proteins are members of the glycosyl transferase family 13 (GH13 from CAZY); GO: 0003827 alpha-1,3-mannosylglycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity, 0006487 protein N-linked glycosylation, 0000139 Golgi membrane; PDB: 2APC_A 2AM4_A 1FO9_A 2AM3_A 1FOA_A 2AM5_A 1FO8_A.
>cd00899 b4GalT Beta-4-Galactosyltransferase is involved in the formation of the poly-N-acetyllactosamine core structures present in glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids
Beta-4-Galactosyltransferase transfers galactose from uridine diphosphogalactose to the terminal beta-N-acetylglucosamine residues, hereby forming the poly-N-acetyllactosamine core structures present in glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids. At least seven homologous beta-4-galactosyltransferase isoforms have been identified that use different types of glycoproteins and glycolipids as substrates. Of the seven identified members of the beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase subfamily (beta1,4-Gal-T1 to -T7), b1,4-Gal-T1 is most characterized (biochemically). It is a Golgi-resident type II membrane enzyme with a cytoplasmic domain, membrane spanning region, and a stem region and catalytic domain facing the lumen.
>PF06306 CgtA: Beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (CgtA); InterPro: IPR010446 This family consists of several beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase proteins from Campylobacter jejuni []
